Apfel, Birne & Quitte

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Apfel, Birne & Quitte Apfel, Birne & Quitte Apfel (Malus), Birne (Pyrus) und Quitte (Cydonia) gehören zu den Kernobstgewächsen (Pyrinae) in der Familie der Rosengewächse und stehen seit tausenden Jahren als Obst in Kultur. Kernobst, besonders der Apfel, stellt eine sehr wichtige Tracht für Bienen im Frühjahr dar und es ist das Obst schlechthin. Aus Kernobst werden Säfte, Mus, Trockenobst (Apfelchips, getrocknete Birnen = Kletzen), Konserven, Kompott, Kuchenbelag, Most (Obstwein), Cider und Obstbrände hergestellt. Ein Dicksaft aus Birnen wird Birnenkraut oder Birnenhonig genannt. Die Quitte ist zudem indirekt Namensgeber für das Wort Marmelade von portugiesisch marmelo für Quitte und griechisch melimelon Honigapfel. Aus Quitten werden zudem noch Gelee (Quittenkäs), Likör und Perlwein hergestellt, da die Quitte zwar festfleischig und schwierig zu verarbeiten aber ausgesprochen aromatisch ist. Auch ein Konfekt mit dem Namen Quittenbrot aus Quittenmus und Gelierzucker ist sehr beliebt. Plinius erwähnte bereits Birnenwein. England und die Normandie lieben ihren Apfelwein (Cider). Spätestens seit der Besiedelung des Westens feiert Amerika Johnny Appleseed. Dieser brachte Apfelsamen aus der Alten Welt mit und begann während seiner Reise durch den Westen Apfelbäume zu pflanzen, damit sich die Siedler selbst mit Apfelwein versorgen konnten. Obstwein aus Äpfeln nennt man Cider, aus Birnen Perry und aus Quitten Querry. In der Normandie wird Cider aus verschiedensten Apfelsorten gekeltert, die auf Streuobstwiesen wachsen. Aus Apfelwein wird auch Calvados gebrannt. Fügt man frischen, gärenden Apfelwein und Apfelbrand zusammen, erhält man den in der Normandie und Bretagne bekannten Pommeau, der als Aperitif getrunken wird. Eigentlich ein nach der Portweinmethode hergestellter Apfeldessertwein. Die Hauptmenge an Obstwein, die heutzutage getrunken wird, wird aus Äpfeln bzw. Kernobst hergestellt. Rezept Zimt-Apfelkuchen: 4 Eier und 250g Zucker, 125g flüssige Butter oder Öl, 100ml Milch, 300g Mehl und 1 Päckchen Backpulver (8g) zu einem Rührteig verarbeiten. Blech mit Backpapier auslegen und den Teig einfüllen. 5 mittelgroße Äpfel in dünne Spalten schneiden und den Teig damit belegen. 25 bis 30 Minuten bei ca. 200°C (Ober/Unterhitze) backen. Nach dem Erkalten mit Zimt und Zucker bestreuen. .
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