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ready to i os tor and encourage.. His aptness and early promise of talent >G COLLEGE AG must have been noticed by the ministers in the Presbytery in which she resided, NOTABLE EVENTS OF THE OLD TIME. and each and every ono of thorn must have _ rendered valuable aid in teaching him the languages which he mastered thoroughly An Interesting tetter From Our Focal before he attained his fifteenth year. Historian, Samuel Evans, Esq —Some On May 20, 1729, Charles Clinton, an Points Worthy of Careful uncle of the subject of this sketch, and a Perusal. number of friends, chartered a ship, in which the widow of Christian Clinton and her son Charles were also taken to emi¬ The ‘‘Log College” celebration at Nesh- grate to America. aminy.a few days ago, recalls the name of On the voyage the captain attempted to one of the students of that historic place. starve the passengers and get possession of their property, several died, among The name has been kept green in my whom vtas a son arid daughter of Mr. memory, when I think of the associations Clinton. They landed at Cape Cod, of my youth, and consequently my hap¬ October 4, 1729, instead of at Philadel¬ piest years. For,say what you will, there phia, where they intended to go. In the spring of 1731 they selected are no friendships or associations in life a permanent settlement in Ulster couuty, half so dear as those of our earlier now Orange county, in New York, which years. They are indeed the genuine at¬ was about six miles west of the Hudson tachments, and when they pass away our river, and sixty miies north of New York. It is probable that Charles Beatty, the hearts do not enter into any new ones of uncle, who was well educated, rendered equal tenderness and force. I was a Sun¬ some assistance to his nephew. Before day School scholar, uuder the superin¬ the latter attained his majority, he eon tendency of the late lamented and pious eluded that he would earn hishi own living—probably after his mother’s William Pitt Beatty, the youngest death. Ho purchased merchandise son of the Rey. Charles Beatty of various kinds in New York and an intimate friend of Erourius and packed the same on his back, and Beatty, the former son who published went out among the settler’s and sold his goods. This pursuit was not a congenial the Columbia, Spy, fifty or more years ago. one, Dor was it calculated to advance him And after a lapse of more than twenty in pursuits more befitting his accomplish¬ years, renewed our early friendship, when ments. i think, therefore, it must have we unexpectedly mer, each other at the been only a temporary expedient to pro¬ cure means to pursue other callings, or headquarters of General McCall, at Camp to see the country. Pierpont, Virginia, in the winter of 1881- In his wauderings among the settlers in ’2. I recall with pleasure the memory of the Province of Pennsylvania, he cam© to his sister, Anna Beatty, the companion of the “Log College” of William Tennent. About the year 1738 — he may never my mother, whom 1 admired very much. have heard prior to that time of this un¬ Both have crossed the great river, to meet pretentious Log College—he met the stu¬ the friends gone before them. dents, perhaps during recess, when it Charles Beatty’s claim to eminence oeourred to him to have a little fun at upon the page of history does not rest their expense. They commenced to wholly upon his prominence as a Presby¬ dicker with the young ma.n for his terian minister of the gospel. In educa¬ wares in Latin, to which he promptly tional, and missionary work along the responded in the same tongue, and | frontiers amoog the pioneer settlers and it was not very long before he cor¬ I rendering active personal aid to resist ! nered the entire school. When their the encroachments of the French and j preceptor,the Rev. William Tennent, eamt Indians upon the unprotected frontiers of to their rescue. He at once engaged vounrf this Province, he was among the foremost ! Clinton in conversation in the Latii advocates of education, the defender of tongue, not only as to his wares, hut they, his country’s cause. He was of tb'at gradually drifted into ecclesiastic history. ] Scotch-Irish Presbyterian stock, that Mr. Tennent was so impressed with his j never produced a tory in our struggle for i learning, ana the evidence he gave of a j Independence, sincere piety, that he commanded him to i Ho was born in Antrim county, Ireland, discard his pack and enter his ' about the year 1713 or ’14. While ho was college and prepare himself for the a child his father died, and left him to the ministry; which he promptly did. care of a robust and kind mother, Christ¬ He graduated with the highest honors at j iana, who was a Ciinton, and a relative of this primitive college. On October 12, ; the late Gov. Clinton, of New York. Her 1742, he was licensed to preach by the ! gis son Charles, when yet quite a youth, must New Brunswick Presbytery, and was th« have given promise of a great future assigned to Nottingham. In 1743 he was j called to.the‘8forks of Neshaminy.” His lintf| career, which a fond and ambitious mother lud \ - ~- fell | xoquence and erudition and patriot-' <"'•, ism soon attracted the attention he preached to tho soldiers'* of not only those In the neighborhood, but Harris’ Ferry and the -people. The short. throughout the bounds of the Presbytery time he remained at the Ferry he - found , and General Synod. His great influence time to preach to large’ audi¬ among Presbyterians commended him to ences at the Rev. John Roan’s, the attention of the Governors of Hew Rev. John Elder’s, and at Capt. Hen¬ Jersey and Pennsylvania as a very proper dricks’ and Yellow B retches Creek. person to aid the English against the He found .the soldiers an unruly and encroachments and brutalities of the wild set of men, and they did not mani¬ French and Indians along our frontiers. fest much reverence when listening to our His marriage. chaplain expound the gospel truths. Ho On June 24, 1746, he married Mi3s was a bold and eloquent preacher, and I Ann Reading, daughter of Hon. John their waut of reverence did not for a mo¬ Reading, the Governor of New Jersey. ment deter him from telling them some I After the college was removed to Prince¬ unwelcome truths. A very unexpected 1 ton he was very active in its behalf. He condition confronted him with which he was the founder of “Nassua Hall” at that boldly grappled and tried fco remedy. place. In 1754 tho Synod sent him There were too many female camp fol¬ to the valley of Virginia and lowers, which he thought did not conduce North Carolina. The defeat of Brad* to the spiritual welfare of the officers and dock kindled in his bosom the mili¬ men, and in strong terms he reproved tary ardor of his grandfather, who was a them. When the troops moved up along high officer under King Charles. In tho the river, this undesirable class fol¬ spring of 1756, ho accepted the chaplaincy lowed the troops. Mr. Beatty con- in Col. William Claphank’s regiment, tinned to lecture the officers upon which was organized to protect the front¬ their conduct. After arriving twelve or ier settlers. The Synod willingly gave fifteen miles above Harris’ Ferry, he as¬ him permission to go in defence of the sisted to erect “Fort Halifax.” After its border settlers, a large majority of whom completion he asked for leave of absence were followers of John Calvin. to visit his family, which was readily He set out from hia homo atNeshaminy | granted. He was not the kind of a chap¬ to join bis regiment at Harris' Perry, on lain who overlooked irregularities in the May 3, 1756. He was accompanied as far I moral conduct of the soldiers, but he en¬ as the Schuylkill riv6r by his elders, and deavored to make them better men and a number of friends. After leaving them better soldiers. It is likely he went home his first stopping place was at tho sign of a little disgusted with the state of affairs, the “Ship” cn tb8 oid Philadelphia and for it seems that he did not return to his Lancaster road. command again. On Tuesday morning, May 4, he started On September ‘17, 1757,' he with two early, and took breakfast at the Rev. or three others was commissioned to build Robert Smith’s, at Pequay Meeting House, a fort in Wyoming Valley, and ereot where be had founded an academy, justly houses for the friendly Indians. Four celebrated, and it was doubtless an off¬ hundred soldiers and men accompanied shoot of the old Log College through Mr. them. Blair, his father-iD-law, who was one of Iu 1766 the Synod sent him and tho Tennent’s students. They were doubtless Rev. George Duflield to the frontier west congenial companions, for Mr. Clinton of the Allegheny Mountains. They were went a few miles away from bis direet the first ministers who preached at “Fort road to call upon Mr. Smith. Pitt.” He returned to Princeton and They rode together as far as Mrs. labored unceasingly to aid Princeton Caldwell’s, who kept the tavern along College. In 1768 he took Mrs. the Philadelphia road near the western Beatty with him to England to con¬ boundary of* Salisbury township, where j sult physioians there as to her health. , they took dinner. Mr. Clinton arrived in ! I think she died there before his return. Lancaster in the afternoon, drenched with He collected about three thousand pounds rain. He put up at Sanders’, and while m England to aid Princeton College. In there Col. Clapham aud Capt. Lloyd August, 1772, he died at Barbadoes, iu the called to see him. Having ridden through West Indies, whither he had gone to raise the rain, he retired to rest early in the | funds to aid the Princeton College evening. He left several stalwart sons, to wit: On May 5fh, at 10 A.M,, iu company Charles, John R., Ercurius and William with Governor Morris. Go’. Clapham, and Pitt, the first three of whom became several other officers ami gentlemen, ; conspicuous officers in the Revolutionary rode out the old Paxton Road ia the | Army. J direction of Harris’ Ferry. They arrived William P. Beatty was born atNesham- at Barny Hughes’ “Black Bear” tavern j ing, Bucks county, Pa., March 81, 1766. at Canoy Creek, now Elizabethtown, Before he attained his majority he found where they dined. (Coi. Hughes his way to Philadelphia, where ho ob¬ was tin founder of that town.) tained a clerkship, to make himself They reached Harris’ Ferry in the even- 1 familiar with mercantile pursuits. In 1793 he was engaged in the offs'- / I ing, having ridden about thirty-six miies, j| Mr. Nicholson, the comptroller oft*~ / j ! half of the distance having been over a j In 1793 he removed to Co’ / very rough road. On the following day j opened a store on Front sr ■v'’- * <4ti& dfT '• f ' i “c''1 t" atIJUF) iu connection with Ktchara S. Leocb. In 1799 he married. I the churcH there is no record of his minis¬ *l0wV*a1S aPP°iuted Postmaster at Col- try over that flock. He seems never to umbia, by President John Adams, which have recovered from his fall from grace, office he held until Jefferson appointed and he died in obscurity, and neglected. another person. In 1808 he-was appointed In this connection it may be stated that TV ianr u! ^ P0,ao° br Governor McKean. the Rev. Colin McFarquahr, the pastor of In 180o he helped to organize the Presbv- Donegal church for thirty years, estab¬ terxan church in Columbia, and was its lished a classical school iu Maytown, in lust ruling elder, a position he held until 1777, which ranked among the best in t IrJra the town in 1843. the country. Ho prepared scholars for a m 1810 ho was appointed seore- college course. He was a fine Greek and i/™,aD r treasurer of the Susque- I Latin scholar. The early professors of “““ Improvement Company, and ! Washington and Jefferson College, if a., m the following year treasurer of the owed their knowledge of Greek and Latin and Susquehanna Turnpike Com- J to Mr. MoFarquahr. Af 1812 ho was apjjomted treasurer The Kev. Samuel and his brother John ?L*h? CoIumbia Company, and in Blair, and Rev, Samuel Findley, of Not¬ 1814 he was elected cashier of the Colum- tingham, were graduated at tne “Log College.” hndge ComPaQy. » position he hela with honor until 1821. The Tennents, and many of his dis¬ Out By Jefferson—In By Adams. tinguished pupils, followed Whitefield, j and as a consequence two-thirds of all the t /Vvas re'aI'P1ontod Postmaster bv Quincy Adams, which he held untii congregations in the jurisdiction of the 188 J. Me was superintendent of the Pres¬ General Synod split in two. Emotional byterian Sunday School for a number of I religion in the Presbyterian Church years, and often in the absence of Rev. S gradually died out after Whitefield and Boyer, the regular pastor, he read a ser- Tennents crossed the great river, and the church gradually swung back to the 3™ aad conducted the exercises. He hela the office ot Chief Burgess, and was customs introduced by Calvin. alSn treasurer of the Columbia Water Dr. Francis Allison and Rev. James Company. He held many offices of trust I Anderson, of Donegal,followed Whitefield ana was an active supporter of the schools ' and attempted from the same platform to public libraries, and the first temperance stem the tide that Whitefield started. movement in the town. Their efforts ended in failure. In personal appearance he was tall, i Samuel Evans. stately and dignified in his carriage. He Columbia, Pa., Sept. 9, 1889. was not given to levity or frivolity in con- veisanon or manner. He wore a queue. He was respected by every one. He The Doylestown Democrat. Phu® j *1° ,Harrisburg in 1843. and died in Philadelphia at his son’s, the late Dr DOYLESTOWN, PA., FEBRUARY 11, 1890. George Beatty. His son William P. died at Harrisburg, in I860, and John E. died in same piace m 1866. Ann Eliza di-d f 453?P OF HISTORY.
Read Before the Bucks County Historical SAStteZr! '“e‘l7‘ Society, at the Annual Meeting, January 31, 1890, by W. W. II. Bavls, Al>o«t the Other Son. Ercurius resided and died at Carlisle I.—THE DUTCH ON THE DELAWARE. Holland played an important part in the t£wbr6!°idi? a ^euiaI a°d com! whnTri ^neUd’ ahd a Prominent citizen, ' discovery and settlement of the Yalley of the Delaware. The Dutch flag was the first to ramiiy,ffimTiv and theWaS community. * S0Vel0 l0ES t0 his catch the western breeze at the mouth of Hamilton Bell, a young man of great Delaware bay, on its discovery by Henry Hud¬ graduated at the “Log son, August 28, 1609. In 1614, Cornelius Jacob¬ r'., !®|e; . Hls ftrst call was to old Doim- son May ascended the Delaware some dis¬ g 1 church, about the vear 1744 He tance, and, two years later, Captain Hendrick¬ son discovered the Schuylkill. Hollanders were unmisuakabloSiXK evidencea fr mo of“tS a »fall »>»» from “• grace the first white men to tread the soil of our bvterv hWafiat 0E36 reP°rted to thegPres- ,■ country and State. In 1616, three Dutch / ,the congregation. He under- traders set out from Fort Nassau, now Albany, L°,°‘wt0i,figl:l," theDb I>«t his sturdy flock J to explore the interior, striking across the would broon no nonsense, and the" made country to the head waters of the Delaware, hi“ fl?sTvOW? °f Ul° PuiP;t Before down whose western bank they traveled to the Schuylkill. Here they were made prison¬ pointed a „had 6Xpired the ap¬ pointed a committee to
Swedes held a joint occupancy for seventeen HI-—BUCKS IN THE REVOLUTION. years, and until the English displaced them both. The Swedes were the first Europeans One of the most interesting features of ou-4 to make a purchase of land of the Indians in county history is the part she played in tin the limits of Bucks county. This was soon Revolution. Although no battle was fought after 1638, and Peter Lindstrom, a Swedish in Bucks, it was the theatre for the move-'4 engineer, surveyed and mapped the Delaware ment of armies. The Continental army, with from its mouth to the Falls, in 1654. At the Washington at its head marched across it time of the English conquest of the Delaware, several times, and in the trying period oc 1655, the population on the river was about December, 1776, that army took shelter bes 400, most Swedes. This people, few in num¬ hind the friendly Delaware. Three signers c bers, made their mark on the future of the Declaration, Taylor, Clymer and Morris! State. They built the earliest churches and made their home in Bucks and one was burie introduced Christian worship in the wilderness here. While the county was loyal to tip west of the Delaware. One or two of these colonies, a large minority of the inhabitant! early congregations is still prosperous bodies. were disaffected. >_ The Dutch introduced negro slavery into our After Washington crossed into Bucks, State and county. December, 1776, his small army, strengthen by some militia, was posted on, or near, t II.—PERSONALITY OF WILLIAM PENN. river, from above New Hope down to Dunk The appearance, and personal character, of Ferry. Newtown was the depot of stor William Penn are not understood. The out¬ Before crossing Washington had ordered a ! landish painting by Benjamin West, of the the boats on the river, for the distance c Apocraphal Elm Tree Treaty, represents him sixty miles to be collected and secured on th. as an old, broad-faced, very fat and clumsy west bank. While the Continental army was man, as if he had been bom and brought up shivering on this bank of the river,the enemy in an ancestral broad-brim and shad-belly. had comfortable quarters on the opposite and This picture is brought to the attention of was only waiting for the river to freeze that/-) children in their earliest years, and the im¬ he might cross over. pression never leaves them. The genuine Washington and his most trusted lieuten-il 'William Penn was an entirely different-look¬ ants quartered at farm houses near the troop'/i ing sort of person. He was an accomplished and in easy communication with each othep i and elegant gentleman; polite and refined The commander-in-chief was at Wiliian] and conversant with the usages of the most Keith’s on the road from Brownsburg to the' polished society of the time. He was Eagle tavern ; Greene was at Robert Merrick’s, reared amid luxury, and grew up surrounded a few hundred yards across the fields and by all the appliances of wealth, and was meadows; Sullivan was at Hayhurst’s on the 1 educated in the refinement of the age. He road to Newtown; and Knox and Hamilton wore a sword like a true cavalier; and the were at Dr. Chapman’s over Jericho Hill to tb only portrait of him extant, painted at the north. Headquarters was well-sheltere age of twenty-three, represents him a very convenient to the river, close to Jericho H handsome young man. He practiced athletic from the top of which signals could be exercises and excelled in them. He spent two served a long way up and down the ri0 years in France, mostly in Paris, before he and within a few miles of Newtown, the (j came to America, where he applied himself to of supplies. The old mansions where W 1 ington, Greene, Knox and Hamilton qua) the study of the language and theology, and I acquired the polish of that polite nation. On are still standing and little change*) one occasion, while in Paris?, he was attacked Keith house being the last to yield to ur'ul by an highwayman, and drawing his sword, ment. It is a two-story stone dwelling vanquished him. When he came to Pennsyl¬ t with stone kitchen adjoining, and wasPo$t vania he was only thirty-eight, hardly in his Keith, in 1763. The pine door, in two q prime, and I doubt whether a more courtly was set in a solid oak frame garnish man had crossed the Atlantic to settle on wooden lock, 14x8 inches. The Men these shores. He was tall and elegant, and a fourth of a mile away was also ois>,. polished. His dress has been entirely mis- feet square with a kitchen at the " u 5
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The farmI was 11bought ” */ lfxvi I IvlVj Ail. about eleven o’clock, it commenced to snow a 1773, and now belongs to Edward, a descend¬ little. The river was full of ice. While Wash¬ ant. As the house was not yet finished, ington, whip in hand, was prepared to mount, Greepe had the room he occupied tastefully Wilkinson, who had been sent to Philadelphia Sainted with a picture.of the Rising Sun over in the morning, and who had tracked the men le mantel. by the blood from their feet, joined the troops, Samuel Merrick had a family of half grown and handed him a letter. Before receiving it children, and Greene purchased the confidence he exclaimed, witli solemnity : “ What a time of the young daughter, Hannah, by the gift of is this to hand mu letters!” a small silver tea canister, which was kept in I need not pursue this eventful episode the family many years. The Rhode Island further. The troops were about 2,400 strong, blacksmith lived on the fat of the land at with twenty small pieces of cannon, and never Merrick’s, devouring his flock of turkeys, and before was a mightier cause upheld by so pfonopolizing his only cow, besides eating her small a body'of men. oajf. Ill return he allowed tfye family to have IV.—LICENSE AND TAVERNS. sugar from his barrel At the last supper before Trenton, Washington was the guest of License, taverns and their signs make up Greene; the daughter, Hannah, waited upon an interesting chapter of history. In the the table, and kept the plate from which the olden time, when few persons were able to commander-in-chief ate, as a memento of the read or write, tavern's and their sign-boards occasion. After supper the family was sent were important factors in towns and cities. .across the fields to spend the night at a neigh¬ The names of many of the streets of London bor s, so there should be no listeners to the are derived from the sign of the tavern, fre¬ council of war that destroyed British Empire quently the first house on them. These signs jn America. The Chapman mansion, the quar¬ suggest the mode of thought, or give an idea ters of Kuox and Hamilton, now.now, or roooht.li/recently, of the humor of the people. The Crown is one owned by JSdwartj Johnson, a mile from of the oldest English signs, and is typical of Brownsburg, is in excellent condition. Knox royalty. There was a Crown inn, inCheapside occupied the first floor of the east end,'then London, as early as 1467. The crown was as¬ divided into_ two rooms, but now all in one, sociated with other titles, as “ Crown and 25x17. Hamilton, then a young captain of Mitre,” the “Crown and Anchor,” etc. An artillery, lay sick in the back room. The late old poet thus set forth the company that Peter G. Cattell, who lived and died on an ad¬ visited some of these resorts: joining farm, used to tell that he saw Wash¬ 1 The gentry to the King’s head, ington at Knox’s quarters. The nobles to the Crown.” At what time Washington conceived, the The Anchor is an old and favorite sign, and plan of recrossing the Delaware, to attack was used by early printers. The Anchor was the Hessians at Trenton, is not known. He probably used as an emblem, instead of re¬ quietly made his preparations. Dr. Beniamin ferring to its use in shipping. It is said to Bush tells us in his diary, that he saw Wash¬ have been frequently met with in the cata¬ ington write the watchwords: “ Victory or combs, and was typical of the words of St. Death,” on the 23d qf December, and about Paul, “ the Anchor of my Soul, &c.” The the same time he wrote to Colonel' Deed, Cross Keys are the arms of the Papal See, * Christmas day, at midnight, one hour be- the emblem of St. Peter and his successors. fore day, is the time fixed upon for our attack It was frequently used by innkeepers and on Trenton. For heaven’s sake keep this to other tenants of* religious houses, and, no yourself, as the discovery of it mav prove doubt, was first used by them after the refor¬ fatal to us.” He made Gates acquainted with mation. The Bed Lion was, and still is, his project, and wished him to go to Bristol a very common sign, and is thought to have take command there and operate from that originated from the badge of John of Gaunt, quarter. But this jealous'subordinate pleaded Duke of Lancaster, who married a daughter ill-health, and requested leave to proceed to of Don Pedro, the cruel, who wore a lion Philadelphia. He left camp Christmas morn- rampant to represent his claim to the throne mg, a few hours before the troops marched of Castile. There was a Red Lion inn, in lor their1 rendezvous on the banks qf the England, as early as 1415. Eor centuries the Bear inn was a celebrated tavern at the foot Delaware, en route for Trenton. Gates forgot of London bridge, and, in the time of Richard to halt at Philadelphia, but hastened on to III., it was the resort of aristocratic pleasure- Baltimore, to intrigue with Congress against seekers. Probably the first White Bear the commander-in-ehief. inn was named after this animal. Henry III. For this dangerous work Washington took received one as a present from the King of his most trusted battalions, from New Eng¬ Norway, in 1252. There were also Black Bear land, Pennsylvania and Virginia, and, among inns in the olden time. In this county we the officers, were Greene, Mercer. Stirling have had, or now have, taverns with all these Stark, Stephen, Sullivan, St. Clair, Knox, typical signs. Hand, Monroe and Hamilton. The men were The earliest license record here is in 1671, provided with three days cooked rations, and when Captain John Carr, English Governor were to carry forty rounds of ammunition. A on the west bank of the Delaware, granted tew days before Christmas, boats were col¬ licenses to both distill and sell. Down to near lected at Knowles’ cove, a well-sheltered point the close of the last century, the Count recom¬ m the river, above MeKonkey’s ferry. The mended applicants for license to the Governor. troops left their camps about three o’clock, For a long time after the settlement of the Christmas afternoon, and reached the rendez¬ county, liquors were used by all classes, and vous before nightfall. The morning was clear noue thought them hurtful to health or stormy with steetoto moraljs, , Ridgeway, who lived in _ -■alls, opposite Biles’ island, was probably the I first landlord in the county, as we understand the same that is now standing, and is theeas-' the term, being licensed to keep an “ ordi¬ sect ion of the present pile of buildings Th< nary,” August 3, 1686. In 1706, Thomas Brock Hessian officers, captured by Washington art was licensed to keep a tavern, but he had Trenton were brought straightway to New-1] probably kept one before, for he states in his town and confined In the Brick hotel. The petition that he is “ now grown ancient, and is house is indebted to the late Joseph Archam- destitute of any other employment.” In 1734 bault, who bought it in 1820, for most of its John Wells was licensed to keep a tavern at modern improvements. what is now New Hope, where he kept the Keithline’s tavern, at the intersection of the ferry. In 1730 twenty-five persons were re¬ roads, Bedminster, and / turned to the court “ as retailers of rum ” in lately replaced by a new building, was a notedl the county, of which Bristol had five, and mn in its day, hardly surpassed in the county 1 Makefield three. None were reported in —certainly by none in the upper end. The Buckingham, Warminster or Southampton. centre building was erected in 1759; the parlor The amount of tax assessed was £92. and dining room in 1734; and the kitchen and The Bed Lion tavern, in Bensalem, has small room at the west end in 1790, and 1801 probably been longer continually kept as a ) Colonel Piper was its landlord from 1778 to public house, than any other one in the county, f h|® death, in 1823, when lie was succeeded by It was kept by Philip Amos as early as 1730; at is soman-jaw, Jacob Keiehline, who kept the his death the license passed to his widow, who house to Ins death, in 1861, Their joint occu- I was still keeping it in 1770. It was a popular panoy reached through 83 years, only falling stopping place. When the delegates to the seventeen short of a century, which can bf 1 Continental Congress, from the East, were saiu ot few public houses in the country This passing to and fro they were in the habit of j old mn sheltered many of the greatest men of halting there to dine. In 1781, part of the among them Wayne, Franklin, Continental army, on its march to Yorktown, ™ihot3hltn Dr‘ Eush> JosePh Bonaparte -■ encamped in its immediate vicinity, over °u °?e occasioib while Colonel night. The house is a stone structure, and Ia?dlord> was absent at Newtown, the situation a picturesque one, near the two of the Doapp confederates came to the. Poquessing creek. The surroundings invite drnvp fhld Eade aD aita?k°n his Wife, but shed ! the traveler to repose. diove them away with her husband’s sword < The Anchor tavern, in Wrights town, is one , and broke the arm of one with a flat-iron. The ' of our oldest inns, and may rival the Bed wife of Jacob Keichlme was a born politician Lion in length of years. The house was and while she.presided on the domestic side of built by Joseph Hampton, who came into the the house, a great deal of county politics township in 1724, and he kept the tavern centered around, the old tavern. several, years. John Parker was the landlord . here js said tp hqye been a tavern at in 1800, and it was known as “Parker’s.” B noSrf ofity ?e:bp!t 17°5? hut fonn find When the Anchor was hung out as a sign, and MiK b i!V#T?e Berry house, corner of that name given to it, I do not know. In 1744 j Q’Haffifn nivS kePt b>’ Patrick thirty persons were licensed to keep taverns I - n-.m , h h'.fIhe Delaware house was in Bucks county, and, among the landlords | InWsT lihih m U6lbby Charles Bessonett. were Joseph Thornton, Newtown, on the site S in 1*85, Archibald McElorv built and onened of the Brick hotel; John Baldwin, at the P a public house called the Cross Keys but it Cross Beads, now Hartsville, in Warwick, is now a private dwelling. } ’ but !t who moved away in 1748; Ann Amos, at the Bifck6 Northampton, and the Bed Lion, and John Ogilby, probably at the rsucic, m Southampton, were noted taverns Buck, in Southampton. Bernard Vanhorne sixty years ago, and were much frequented by had been keeing tavern in Northampton, lovers of fun and politicians. There was a probably at the Black Bear, but he came to Wernat the Black Bear a full century a-o grief, in 1748, because, “ he had no regard to 1795 The OM ?ueif* calieIby that name ffi the laws, encouraged drunkenness, gambling, l i . ,,e olcl ^vern, at Centrevjlle, is eon- fighting, etc., on week-days and Sunday, and oiderably more than a century 0ld; and was “ does frequently abuse and beat his wife in kept by one John Bogart, ;n 1774 | General an extraordinary manner.” In 1768, thirty- Greene haa his heademartersin five persons made application for license. " The Harrow tavern, Nockamixon, was so ss Safes called in 1785, and twenty years earlier. John Wilson kept a tavern on, or near, the Durham road, same township. who kept it many years, was its landlord in The Brick hotel, Newtown, has something j of a history, and interesting. It was built at an early day. We are not informed of the date, LOCAL HISTORY. but a public house was kept on the site as >SS3 early as 1744. In 1761, it was called the “ Bed Lion,” and was sold by the sheriff, and bought HeW Britain Homesteads.—The Plan¬ by Amos Strickland, who had kept it since 1748. tation of Benjamin Johns.—The lie died in 1779, leaving his estate to his wife A Detweiler Farm.—The AVetherill and children. One of the daughters married Mark Hapenny, and one of Hapenny’s daugh¬ Mill. ters became the wife of the late John Yardley, THE plantation of Benjamin Johns was of Lower Makefield. Amos Strickland is said originally a large place of 200 acres, j m to have tojyjyJi£yEmgjbneklKAe3mi^Iif^si^, 1 and 116 acres are yet attached to the to his son Ashbel, he appears to have homestead. The Fatter is now owned purchased over thirty acres more, cover¬ by John Detweiler. Here aye modern ing the sight of the New Galena lead farm buildings, one-fourth of a mile south¬ mines, and so left 115 1-2 acres at the west from New Galena. The situation is time of his death. This tract was bounded by land of Abraham Kratz, John Whistler, fine and sunny, being on the lower slope Jacob Haldeman, William Wigton, of the hill rising from the North Branch, Anthony Kimble, and his son, Ashbel and overlooking the meadows and low¬ Jones. lands along that stream, as well as the THE WETHERILL MILE PROPERTY AND rising grounds beyond, which form the FARM. ridge called Iron Hill. A portion of the At this point, the old Newtown road farm extends beyond the North Branch crosses the North Branch by the Guerden to the highway which passes along the Glen bridge, built in 1848. On the south¬ western slope of Iron Hill. Until recent eastern borders of the stream extensive times an old, low, stone farm house, once excavations have been made for lead ore, the home of the Johns family, stood east¬ at different times, for thirty years past. ward of the present larger modern dwel¬ These operations gave the name to the ling. The highway from New Galena to cross-road village of New Galena, on the Ghalfont passes by the farm buildings. opposite side. These mines have never The name of the former owners of the yet proved profitable, though consider¬ plantation was spelled “Johns,” and able quantities of ore have been lifted to pronounced as such, although it was all the surface. The old Wetherill farm the same as Jones, only retaining the house and grist mill stands on the south¬ original spelling. The older deeds per- west side of the highway. The family | taining to the property are not on record. that long owned it was one of promi¬ It is only known by the boundaries' of nence and social note in the townsmp. other properties, that the first of the Samuel Wetherill came here from name here, and probably the first settler, Wrightstown, built the mill, and was for was Thomas Johns,who came from Wales. many years a justice of the peace, and a His brother, David Johns, lived at the man of influence and importance in the same period on the latter Griffith farm, community. The Wetherills are an old southwest of Chalfont. As David John family in Pennsylvania and of English bought the latter property in 1720, it is stock. Different branches belong in the: likely that his brother, Thomas, bought city of Chester, in Philadelphia, in Lowed the plantation under consideration about Providence, Montgomery county, and in that date or soon after. Bucks county. - Thomas Johns lived and died in Colo¬ As before noted, this area was com-5 nial times, and he was dead before 1767. prised in the lands held by Benjamin) His son Benjamin inherited the farm of Johns at the time of his death,"Tn 1797. 200 acres, and in 1779 he was assessed for His son-in-law, Thomas Mathias, bought that many, being the owner during the the share of the other heir, Mary Fulton, Revolution. His grounds extended to for £397. This Thomas Mathias was the New Galena and covered the site of the brother of the Baptist preacher, Rev. later Wetherill mill. In 1797 Benjamin Joseph Mathias, and had two sons Ashbel Johns, probably then an old man, sold his and Abel. They did not prosper from place to his son Ashbel. It then had the causes more fully detailed in the writings following boundaries: “Beginning at of their uncle. In 1806, by the will of corner; thence by land of Jacob Slifer, Thomas Mathias, his sons inherited this northwest 205 perches; thence by same proprety, and Ashbel afterwards pur¬ northeast 99 perches; thence by the es¬ chased the share of his brother. In 1817, tate of James Fulton, southeast 13 the proprety passed from his possession perches and northeast 39 perches, and into the hands of Henry Moyer. Moyer southeast 28 1-2 perches and northeast 52 did not prove any more successful than perches; thence by land of John Thomp¬ Mathias, and in 1823 Sheriff Stephen son, southeast 43 perches, and again by Brock seized his eighty-one acres and same northeast 10 perches; thence by sold them to William Wetherill. In 1837, other land of Benjamin Johns, southeast another portion, comprising fifty-two 60 perches and southwest 42 perches and acres and the site of the mill, was sold southeast 61 perches; thence by land of by Ashbel Jones and Benjamin Fulton to Josiah James and others, southwest 14 1-2 Samuel Wetherill, son of William Wether¬ perches to beginning.” The price paid was ill. The Wetherill ownership lasted £2,400. That same year Ashbel Jones thirty-five years, when, in 1855, Samuel sold 85 acres to his father again, it being Wetherill sold to Christian Moyer and the eastern corner of his farm, compris¬ removed elsewhere. He had a large ing the portion covering the site of the family, among whom were Solomon and mill property, known as Wetheriil’s. Vicenza, the latter a well-known citizen of In 1838, forty-one years after purchas¬ Doylestown. ing the property of his father, Ashbel During the years since Wetherill’s de¬ Jones made his will, and in 1843 his ex¬ parture, there have been numerous trans¬ ecutors, who were his sons Ashbel and fers. The lead mine speculation broke John J. Jones, conveyed the farm to out, and in 1863 the 123 acres sold for Benjamin Yocum. The latter, in 1844, $60,000. The changes have been: 1863, sold the same to Jacob Detwiler for $3,487 three tracts by Christian Moyer to Jacob —about $33 per acre. Jacob Detwiler had and George Neimeyer; 1863, the Nei- children, Mary, Joseph, John, Eliza, Anna meyers to Lemuel Sisson; 1863, Sisson to and William. After another generation Sidney Ashmore; 1868, Sheriff John Cor¬ of time had passed away, his son, John coran to Charles Holcombe, F,dward B. Detwiler, became the owner, in 1876. Rorer and Daniel Gotwals; 1870, the He has greatly improved the property. aforesaid owner to F. J. Jobst and George Benjamin Johns died intestate leaving Neimeyer; 1871, Jobst to Neimeyer; three children, Ashbel, Mary, widow of 1878, assignees of Joseph M. Detwiler to James Fulton, and Anna wife of Thomas J. W. Savidge, mill and ten acres; 1885, J. Mathias. Besides the 85 acres that he W. Savidge to John T. Doan. The latter had retained when he conveyed 116 acres in 1881, had bought 78 acres of Seth Fly. E- M- — Government. It is not certainly known LOCAL HISTORY. where his son Lewis lived, but the pre¬ sumption is that this was his home. In The Gcll HomeftTacP^PLe frarms of Jos¬ 1758, when the latter sold this property to eph N. Gross and Nathan Price, Samuel Barnhill, it was a “messuage plantation”—or one having a dwelling New Britain. upon it. This must have been previously erected by Lewis Evans. The amount vhe Geil family has been a prominent conveyed to Barnhill was 153 acres; 47 one in New Britain for several genera¬ acres on the upper side having been de¬ tions. Its American founder was Jacob tached before 1758. Geil, who came from Alsace, now a pro¬ After an ownership oi ten years Barn¬ hill conveyed to Jacob Geil on the 8th of vince of the German Empire, lying on April, 1768. In the deed Geil is said to be the western side of the Rhine. Nothing from Springfield. The price paid was [ is known of his parents, or the exact time | £750, indicating considerable improve- | merits. The deed was witnessed by of his coming, but the latter is supposed Joseph Mathews and David Evans before to have been about 1750. There is a tra¬ Benjamin Mathews. Geil did not have dition that he first lived on a farm in enough money to pay all in cash, and so Warrington, afterwards the residence of gave a mortgage to Barnhill, which was afterwards satisfied. The ownership of Rev. Nathaniel Erwin, pastor of Nesh- this place by Geil lasted eighteen years, aminy Presbyterian Church. This farm, or until 1786, when he sold to William however, was never owned by any of the Godshalk, also a Mennonite. In the as¬ sessment of 1779 Godshalk is mentioned Geil family. Jacob Geil was four times as a weaver. Thirty, acres more had been married, the name of his first wife being detached by Geil, leaving 123. Whilst Ann. His second wife was Mary, daugh¬ living on this hilltop farm two, at least, ter of John Clymer, of Franconia, whom of the sons of Jacob Geil were born; Ab¬ he married after the date of 1768. raham, born May 25, 1769, and John in His first recorded purchase of land was 1778. Abraham died in 1830, and was the made in 1763 of land in Springfield. This father of Abraham Geil, of Doylestown. comprised a tract of 220 acres lying near John became the Mennonite prea,cher, an the Durham line, which was purchased account of whom has been told in a pre¬ of Walter Crook. This property was held vious sketch. Jacob Geil removed to an¬ for five years, when in 1768 it was sold to other farm in 1786, situated immediately 1 Conrad Jacoby, for £635. In the deed he above Fountainville, but on the Plum- is described as a weaver, and Jacoby a stead side. This farm is now owned by blacksmith, coming from Milford. William Gross, and on a portion of which j In 1768 his second purchase was made, now stands the store of that village. V when a farm of 153 acres was bought in Jacob Geil afterwards removed to Chester Northern New Britain. This was on the county, and from thence to Virginia. highlands to the northwest of the valley William Godshalk is supposed to have of North Branch, and now comprised in been the son of William Godshalk, of the farms of Nathan Price, Joseph N. Towamensing, whose will was registered Gross, Henry Shelly and a portion of in 1775. He owned this property for that belonging to Abraham Johnson. forty-three years, when in 1829 he sold The surface of these lands slope both to¬ 117 acres to Daniel Gross, of Bedminster. ward the east and southeast, and from As before mentioned, the original prop¬ whence a splendid view may be obtained erty is now much divided. In 1851 Daniel of hill and valley in those directions. Gross sold 85 acres to his son Joseph. In The site of the original homestead was 1850, another portion, including the site near the present residence of Nathan of the original dwelling, was sold to Isaac Price. His ice house stands where was Godshalk, whose executors, in 1855, sold the house of Jacob Geil, and his home in to Nathan Price the present owner. Joseph the period before and during the Revolu¬ N. Gross lias become a citizen of Doyles¬ tion. The large stone house, a little town. southward, was built in 1796 by William Further information concerning Jacob Godshalk. Whilst the owner of the Geil indicates that he removed from premises, Geil built a barn in 1784, carv¬ Chester county to Bowman’s Mills, ing upon it his name and that date. Rockingham county, Virginia, where he These lands were at the beginning of died in 1794. The children by his wife settlement, bought or the Penns in 1734 Mary (Clymer) were, sons, Abraham, by Lewis Evans, a Welshman, to whom John and Jacob, the two latter becoming they conveyed 300 acres. In 1748, Lewis preachers among the Mennonites; daugh¬ Evans sold a portion, or two hundred ters, Catharine, Mary, Nancy and Susan¬ acres, to one of his sons, whose name was nah. Of these, Catharine married Chris¬ Lewis also. This piece had the following tian Kratz, Mary to Samuel Godshalk, boundaries: “Beginning at a corner of Nancy to Jacob Beery and Susannah to Thomas Evans, thence northeast by land Christian Funk. His third wife was a of said Evans and of William Wilson 226 Fly, who had ohildren, Philip, Bettie and j perches; thence by John Williams and Rebecca. Of these, Bettie married David Philip Wood, northeast 148 perches; Selabach and Rebecca to JohnSchrauger. thence -by John Grier and Thomas His last wife was named Frissel, whom Stewart, southeast 226 perches; thence by he probably married in Virginia. There Thomas Stewart, southwest 153 perches was one other wife (name unknown), to beginning.” This deed was witnessed who had a child Barbara, the wife of by Abel and Benjamin Griffith before Samuel Swartz. The tombstone of the Simon Butler. The tract was not quite last wife, Anna Frissel, in the Frissel half a mile wide and nearly three-quar¬ graveyard, Virginia, says that she was ters in length. 88 years of age at the time of her death. This (Lewis Evans,. Sr., was an exten¬ The date of the death of Jacob Geil is sive landholder in northern New Britain, stated to have been in 1794...... rc. m uying other tracts from the Proprietary Tlie Worthingtonj&nd Hill Farm, New lucres, was sold to Richard Williams, Britain—John Williams. forming the later Lunn and Jones farm. This -would account for 271 acres and Although New Britain was never a (leaving 96 acres. It is believed that this Quaker township, yet there were a num¬ (northeastern portion was also sold in 11747. According to the boundary of a ber of families of Friends among its early neighboring property in 1748, we find that settlers and former residents. Among William Wilson was the owner. The these, those of Foreman, Good, Holt, i year previous he had sold a property of Pennington, Preston, Paxson, Kirkbride, 86 acres on Iron Hill, which in later times became the Potts and Evan James farms. Jones and Worthington may be men¬ He was a Presbyterian and a member of tioned. They were surrounded by neigh¬ Deep Run. Wilson does not appear to bors of other beliefs, and their place of have remained here many years, for in 1758 another boundary mentions Joseph worship was distant, and it is not re¬ Arthur as the owner. In 1762, Arthurhad markable that succeeding generations been succeeded by William Barnhill. ceased to be Quakers. In the assessment The farm comprised 135 acres in Colonial of 1779, Jonathan Worthington is men¬ days, with the residence at the Shaffer place. Before the date of 1770, John tioned as so much of a Quaker that “ he Williams was the owner. There were refused to qualify,” as was the case with two of that name, contemporaries, one some of the Mennonites. The same living in Hilltown, but near neighbors, and both owning land in New Britain. statement is made in regard to Thomas A recital of a later deed says that in Good. Whatever may have been the case 1776, John Williams sold 135 acres to his in later generations, the name ot Hill son-in-law, David Worthington. John was also one of the most respected in Williams was a Baptist, and one ot the 23 constituent members of New Britain our county annals, they being originally Church at its organization in 1754. He settlers and large landholders in south¬ then lived about a mile northeast of that western Plumstead. The Hills were church in what is now Doylestown town¬ ship. His death took place May 16,1781, j Welsh and Baptists, whilst the Worth¬ in his 72d year and he was buried in New ingtons were of English derivation. In Britain graveyard with his wife Margaret, 1724, Richard Hill, who had been a Phil¬ who died July 24th, 1791, at the age of 76. adelphia merchant, owned 1500 acres in These figures indicate that William was born in 1709—certainly not in New Britain I Plumstead. and probably not in Pennsylvania. The The old Worthington farm is now par¬ willof John Williams was witnessed be¬ tially comprised within the premises of j fore Robert Shewell by Benjamin Griffith and David Evans. In this document Francis Shaffer. The present buildings - mention is made of his wife Margaret. are old and of stone, situated on the sum¬ The daughters were Ann, wife of William mit of the elevation that rises northward Cornell, Mary, wife of Paul McCartyS irom New Galena. It is about a mile east Sarah, wife of David Worthington, Mary,' wife of Morris Eder, Rachel, wife ot from the Hilltown Baptist Church. From Abiah James and Hannah,wife of Thomas \ here there is always a wealth of fine views Jones. A son William is mentioned. Ac- ' °7er TalJ®y and hm far to the cording to the tenor ot this will it seems south and east. The house was erected not unlikely that John Williams owned iL d)avld Worthington, perhaps before the present century. two or three farms, and that he died else¬ where. A place of 43 acres was devised It is quite difficult to present a clear and to his son-in-law, Christopher Wells, on ceitain history of the ownership of the which his own son William lived. This land of this portion of the hilltop. There was to be held in trust for his son Isaac. were many changes during Colonial times The widow Margaret received his own and none ot the transfers were recorded plantation of 124 acres, and which, after ^bilitv fhSF? hGre l0ng'- ■ There is a Pos- her death, was devised to his four daugh¬ ■-louity that it was comprised in two por- ters, Hannah Jones, Sarah Worth¬ t.ons. The names of successive owners ington, Mary Eder and Rachel James. me only ascertained by deed recitals and In the assessment of 1779 he was credited t.ie boundaries of neighboring properties with 100 acres. northeast114 tmY'S‘ Tt H eertain that the Rachel Williams who married Abiah noitneast portion, and probably the James, September 22d, 1773, had a }vhoIe, adjoining the cross road, was held daughter Margaret,second wife of Joshua 14nrffiesw^-by ^illiam Wilson, Joseph Riale, whose son Abiah J. Riale was Ai thiu, A illiam Barnhill and John Will- lams. I very well known in this vicinity thirty years ago, and was steward of the Alms¬ It is believed that the later Worthing- ! house from 1850 to 1860. Colonel Nathan whmtrm withm a tract of 367 acres, James, a militia officer of the war of 1812, m Inch an old recital says was surveyed and who died in 1836, was of this family, wasethmi amLYnghur?e in 1739’ and wl^ch also Benjamin W. James and Elizabeth, \vas then believed to be in Hilltown, wife of William Hines, father of Dr. A. J. ut appears to.be within the township of Hines, of Doylestown. adJ°ining lands of John The W orthington familywere'of English Felly and others. In 1742 the will of origin and quite numerous in some parts Langhorne conveyed it to his two of Bucks county, especially in Bucking¬ nephews, Lawrence Growden and Lang- ham. They were not early settlers in YY-YY® BlleS‘ The southw est portion of New Britain. From whence David tins tract was conveyed to William Will¬ Worthington came is unknown to the iams, who bought 188 acres in 1747, form¬ writer. ing the later Kratz farm. At the same He is mentioned in the list of Non-As- date, the central portion, comprising 83 sociators in 1776, as, also, was Jonathan Both were landholders I New Britain. Amos received a planta¬ of 1785, as well as in 1779. tion where he then lived in Doylestown thington owned at least township, and Margaret a lot of 25 acres properties besides the one on Iron Hill, whereon the testator then ©ration. The largest of these lived. Seth got the main plantation, or lestown township, near Pine homestead, of ninety acres. jw known as the Bergey farm, Seth Worthington married Sarah Good, ,he two others in New Britain, one I daughter of Thomas Good. The Worth- Iron Hill, now the property of Lydia 1 ington ownership of the homestead lasted I Miller. It was at the latter place that he seventy years, or from 1776 till 1846. At the latter date Seth Worthington convey¬ died in 1829. That he lived to a very great iie-e is indicated by a tradition, that when ed 56 acres and the dwelling to his son- in-law, David Hill. The succeeding 94 years of age ho rode 40 miles on horse¬ transfers have been many: 1856, David back to see Nathan Riale, an acquaint¬ Hill to John Detweiler; 1860, Detweiler ance living in Chester county. to John C. Deuschle; 1866, Deuschle to j Frederick Schenlie; 1868, Schenlie to I The Doylcstown Mennonite Church. Thomas Scott; 1871, Scott to Da vid Heiser; We believe that it has not been related 1871,Heiser to Jam esRafferty;1877,Rafferty to John Zimmerman ; 1883, Zimmerman by any local historian, that the lot where¬ to Francis Shaffer, whose father of the on is built the Mennonite Meeting House, same name came from Dresden, Saxony, a mile northwest of Doylestown, was about sixty years ago, and lived and died purchased of David Worthington. This on the farm now held by his son Samuel, was purchased just previous to the out a mile south of Chalfont. break of the Revolution, or in 1774. The A remaining portion ot the old Worth- i Trustees were Jacob Rlioar and Jacob ington plantation, comprising 29 acres, Haldeman, of New Britain, Ludwig now belongs to Michael F. Bishop Switzer, of Warwick, and Jacob Kulp, of and lies near the Stump road. A portion Buckingham, who bought seven acres of was transferred in 1846 by Seth Worth- ; Worthington. The deed of conveyance ington to his son David. Another por- j was witnessed before Benjamin Mathews, tion was sold the same year by him to | Esq., by Isaac Williams. The seven Conard Datesman. e. m. V acres were a piece of the Doyle property. In 1760 John Doyle, then of Soldiers’ De¬ light, Maryland, sold the lot to Jonathan Worthington, with the following bounda¬ ries : “ Beginning at corner ; thence by land of Mahlon Kirkbride (now of Robert Kirkbride) southeast 24 perches; thence southwest by Nathan Preston 49 perches; then by late Edward Doyle (now Ed¬ ward Preston) northwest 24 perches to line of Richard Riale and Clement Doyle; then by same northeast 49 perches to beginning.” The Kirkbride land above AN OLD HOMESTEAD SOLD. mentioned was the present Chapman The Sale of the Worth Farm, or “Sharon,” farm, and Edward Preston’s was the as it has been always called^drvides up one present farm of Robert James. of the largest and riaQ&fc-j^Tegant estates in The Hill Farm. Bucks county. There were 287 acres of it. j Ird812 David Worthington detached 40 Two hundred and twenty-seven are now j acresjfrom the northeast side of hislfarm the property of the George School, and 60 ’ to hs son-in-law Richard Hill, selling acres are retained by Mrs. H. C. Thornton, ' for
as part of the old Dungan prop.- M part of the 360 acres bought by st William Dungan,in 1733,of Lang- ,ie. Its early history is similar to that . the Harvey and Fordhook farms, al¬ ready related. It formed the northeast end of the original Dungan plantation. A dwelling and other buildings were probably erected here in 1761 or soon after when the second William Dungan re¬ ceived 100 acres here from his father, in¬ cluding land where is now the Exhibi¬ tion building, and lots now covered with [The Dungan Family and Lands—Rev houses, between the two State roads. Thomas Dungan — The Harvey y-. Here are the boundaries of 1761: “Be¬ Farm—The ISnipainpmept of f'v an English or Scotch-Irishman. But the ill-treated j and golden wedding festivals, &c. Perhaps it islj Germans certainly deserve great credit for the peace¬ I also owing to the German infusion that the rigid Pu -1 able relations they assumed in the trying ordeal, as xitan stock is relaxing, as may be now seen in bulE-J lor instance the Moravians, and for which no just ing Gothic edifices for worship, called chapels, with 1 credit has been yet accorded by any of our English pictorial stained glass windows, in which the pom-1 historians as I am aware. I may here remark that j?ou3 organ sends forth its stirring peals.W>v I lhe correspondence of James Logan, William Allen, 1 Samos Hamilton, Richard Peters, and others in the! f i: Proprietary interests, go to show the most unfounded prejudices entertained against the Germans, and did they now live, would see their utter absurdity, and . also expose the means used to keep down their in¬ H fluences or rights justly due. Neither has yet full justice been done to the invaluable services rendered by Conrad Weiser, in his efforts at preserving amica¬ BOCKS COUXtYjHlgtofiiCAL SOCIETY. ble relations between the Province and the natives. The Summer Meeting Held at Pipersville on Prom the beginning of their arrival, the Germans have had amongst them able scholars, and it was Tuesday—Interesting Papers Read. owijuyjywtJcGjjeh intelligence that the first bible- The summer meeting of the Bucks •printedm^aropean language was in German at County Historical Society was held on Germantowh by Christian Sour ia 1743, another July 19th, at the Pipersville chapel, Bed- edition in 1745; also in 1755 and 17«0. He actually V minster township. The locality is one printed two editionsdn the'year 17G3, and a number rich in history and an appropriate place afterwards. I cannot find that any bible was printed for a meeting of the society. There was earlier in the English language anywhere in New not a large attendance at the opening of England than in 1791, which was by Isaiah Thomas the morning session,bnt additions arrived t Worcester, though many editions and by various during the session, and the^ were prob¬ ably sixty to seventy persons present be¬ PennsylvamaiyNeither rs rt generally*known that fore the close of the day. There were the first Sabbath school established in America was by several citizens of the locality in attend¬ the Germans at Ephrata, in 1740. Whoever will ,1 ance to kindly welcome the society, which was represented by members from glance over the lists of the active members of the va- 1 Doylestown, Durham, Hartsville and rious literary and scientific institutions of Philadel- | elsewhere. adelphia at this time must be struck at the prevalence i The meeting was called to order shortly after 11 o’clock, by Dr. Brumbaugh, of *of German names amongst them. Abraham H. Cas~ the local committee. After singing by sel, near Harleysville,' Montgomery county, has col- ’ the audience the doctor introduced C. M. lected a library of several thousand volumes of Ger¬ Myers, of Pipersville, who delivered a brief address of welcome. Mr. Myers on man works published in Pennsylvania since its early behalf of himself and his neighbors bade ) settlement. In literary activity and ability for their the society a cordial welcome to Pipers¬ > numbers, I doubt if any denomination anywhere can ville and to the homes of its citizens—the freedom of the place and the possessions ^ approach the Moravians. I* this connection I may of the inhabitants were freely tendered, y, mention that as early as 1818, Charles Fortman, a in accordance with the well-known hos¬ f .teacher from Germany, successfully formed and pitality of Bedminster’s solid and gener-j ous traditions and customs. One of the taught a class on the piano amongst the German historical circumstances directly con¬ „ farmers of Noekamixon, and I know of one or two nected with the village is the fact that the 1 of his pupils still living in that section. noted and notorious Indian Walk, of over a century and a half ago, wherein Edward' Though the English language is prevailing, English Marshall, by reason of bis long legs and influence is fast declining, and the haughty Anglo- superior agility, converted from the Red ! Raxon blood getting more and more diluted. Down Men to the white brothers, a large slice of Eastern Pennsylvania, passed directly ■to the Revolution English emigration was encour-^ along near the chapel where the meeting aged, but since, owing to their inveterate hostility to was held. Mr. Myers closed by express¬ V.' our institutions and people, it has been very small; ing a hope that the meeting might be profitable and pleasant and a pleasure to on the contrary with the Germans and Irish it has the society as it was felt to be a compli¬ greatly increased. The latter have thereby diminish- ment by the community. y. e:l their population to nearly one half, while the Ger¬ After singing by a local choir General j Davis,president of the Historical Society, t mans have still fully fifty millions of the best educated assumed the chair and opened the regu- J people in the world to draw on. A late writer in lar programme of the day. General Harper's Magazine, in speaking of the German in- '"4 j* Davis fittingly responded to the warms welcome of Mr. Myers, expressing the flax of the Mississippi valley said that it weuld not be thanks of the society for their kindly long before they would be the dominant element there, reception, and referred briefly to the he might as well have admitted of the Union. The work which the society is engaged in and the progress it has made in its brief! ;‘ German element is changing the national character,) existence. , ssS? mm- udge Watson’s greatest service to the Jr Charles Laubacfi, of X was tber Historical Society was in connection introdncerl and read a paper entitle with the celebration of the Bi-Centennial “Prehistoric Man in Northern Bucks anniversary of the founding of Bucks Counts'.” Mr. Laubach’s paper will be county. This movement had its begin¬ published hereafter in the Intelligen- ning at a regular quarterly meeting of j cer, so a discussion of it is omitted here, our organization, held at Newtown, Oc¬ i Some of the stone implements, exhibited tober 11,18S1, at which a committee was i by Mr. Lauback and explained by him appointed, headed by Josiah B. Smith, as proofs and comparisons ot some points and with Judge Watson’s name second of his paper, were extremely line and on the list, to take into consideration the very interesting. entire subject of a suitable observance of “A Sketch of Edward Heston,” in 1824 the two hundredth anniversary of the a resident of Hestonville, Philadelphia settlement of Bucks county. county, furnished by Mathias H. Hall, At the meeting for organization of the of Wrightstown, was then read by the ! committee for work, held in November secretary, after which President Davis following, Judge Watson was made the declared an adjournment until 1.30 p. m. chairman, and was authorized to appoint During the noon recess the society and j a committee of seven persons to report a many' guests were most acceptably and general plan of celebration. This com¬ hospitably entertained at the house of mittee presented a written report to Reed Loux, almost opposite the chapel, Chairman Watson, at a meeting held in where a lunch was spread whose generous December, and the matter then took abundance was only equaled by the i definite form. Richard Watson as chair¬ hearty welcome ot the host and his man was then authorized to appoint a family. I committee of twenty to carry through On reassembling for the afternoon ses¬ I the work, and from the performance of sion General Davis introduced Rev. this duty, with the knowledge and judg¬ D. K. Turner, of Hartsville, who read a ment which was displayed in the selec¬ paper entitled “The Claim of Connecticut tion, dates the success of the Bi-Centen¬ to Wyoming.” The paper was an ex¬ nial celebration of 18S2. haustive examination into the claims Judge Watson served upon the sub¬ and facts in the claim of the Nutmeg committee on literary exercises, and State to the Wyoming Valley. The made the opening address on the first paper will be presented at an early day day of the celebration, and from that I to the readers of the Intelligencer, hence we present no abstract of it at this 1 take the following extract, the closing time. sentences of his remarks, worthy of the Henry C. Mercer, of Dovlestown, read a occasion, the man and the county of his paper “ Tamenend’s Grave.” Mr. Mercer nativity and our homes, a fitting close to has given much work and attention to : this brief tribute to him whose remains the location of the grave of the Indian ! were yesterday laid to rest in the Doyles- chief, on the Neshaminy, at Prospect | town cemetery, and an encouragement Hill. While himself dissatisfied with to our faith and hopes brought by the the thoroughness of his researches, and history of the past to the times in which desirous of still pursuing several lines ' we live: of investigation, Mr. Mercer gave the Two hundred years have passed since the settle¬ society the results of his investigations ment of the county. We have met to commemorate ! down to the present time. The paper that event, to perpetuate a knowledge of the past, to consider the present, to look forward upon the will be printed in the Intelligencer in future. Our Bi centennial celebration Is a fitting the near future. tribute to the memories of those who have lived be¬ Following Mr. Mercer’s paper Secre¬ fore us, and who made Bucks county what the pres¬ ent generation found her. There were great and tary Paschall read a brief memorial of good men among them We way profit by emulat¬ the late Richard Watson, for several ing their virtues and their works. But there is a years a member of the Bucks County glamour over the past that conceals the details and allows only tbdprominent features of the vision to Historical Society. It alluded entirely be 3een. The view is a distorted one. The extremes, to his connection with historical affairs both good and bad, appear in exaggerated forms. as follows: Men lived and worked and thought then much as jap they do now ; they were prompted by the same In the death of Richard Watson, which motives, subject to like passions and irailties, pos¬ occurred suddenly, while on a trip to sessed the same virtues, influenced by like religious Philadelphia, on Friday, July 15th, 1892, feelings, as are the men of to day. In short, we are a people like unto them. It is. however, a just the Bucks County Historical Society cause of congratulation for the present,andof hope for loses an eminent highly gifted the future, to know that the world has learned much member. > i in the last two hundred years,and has been bettered by the learning. We of Bucks county have reaped It is neither necessary nor appropriate and are reaping ttie fruits of the knowledge gained at this time to refer to the life of the de¬ in common with our fellow men elsewhere. We ceased in his social, official, business i live in every respect much better than our ances- j tors We are better housed, better clothed, better nor citizen relations. These have Been | fed and better taught Statistics show that we live lately recounted at other hands, and by longer too. As knowledge and comforts bring en¬ able tongues. As a member of this so¬ joyments and long life, there is every reason to be¬ lieve they bring aiso an increase or happiness and ciety a few words may be permitted in virtue. Sin is often a result merely of ignorance connection with our meeting to-day. and want. We may sigh for the good old times Richard Watson was during all his when men were all honest and pure, but when those times were we do not know. The zealous enthu¬ j life ardently interested in historical mat- siast,impatient ofresults In his efforts to cure the ters. Some years since he devoted much evils in the world, may be disappointed and weary, time and study to a careful examination may conclude mankind is growing worse instead of better, and may become himself in danger of losing of the records of the Society of Friends of his love for humanity aDd his faith in tne truth and the meetings in the lower end of the the right. A greater mistake was never made. An county, noting many forgotten facts and examination of the old records, both of the eouit3 aod of the church orgauizitions, and a careful study making copious notes for his own keep¬ ; of the history of the past, will show that offences ing. He was a close observer of events were more frequent and flagrant in the olden times and it was a life long practice to write j than they are to day and that the present standard of morality is higher and more closely observed out his observations and experiences in than it was then. a journal—one of the greatest aids to ac¬ There is no cause for discouragement in all proper curate history which individuals have efforts to promote the good and the true. Impa¬ ever contributed. tience is tne child of weakness. Confidence is an " attendant upon strengta. ~ TCIgtrc TflT Stronger tban The local tradition of the.death and wrong. Good is mightier than evil. Love is toe conqueror of hate. In the providence of God. love, burial has been often referred to by anti¬ right and truth must triumph in the end. Bucks county has abundant cause to look with pride upon quarians, notably in Watson’s Annals, her pa*-t, with satisfaction upon her present, and with confident hope upon her future. 11,172—in a letter written from Bucks i county by one E. M., in about 1842, to the General Davis’ paper “ Bedminste1' Township,” was the closing exercise of editor; in Sherman Days (historical the atternoon, and was replete with local collections, p. 163); in Harper’s Maga¬ events, names and history. At the close zine, vol. 44, p. 639; by W. J. Buck ini of General Davis’ paper the following the Doylestown Democrat for May 6th, I resolution was offered by Rev.Mr. Turner: 1856, and by John Rogers within a few | Intelligencer. Whereas, Tho Bucks County Historical Society years in the Doylestown ! has f-een most hospitably entertained at their mid¬ It was noted down by me in June of I summer meeting, July .9,1892, at Pipersville, there¬ last year, from the lips of Thomas I fore, Fesolved, That the thanks of the members of the Shewell, Esq., of Bristol, the oldest liv¬ society and their gu; zts ere due and are hereby ten¬ ing male descendant—great-grandson ol dered to M: _srs C. M. Mver3, A. M. Gerhait, Kec 1 the AValter Shewell, (b. 1702, d. 1779) who Loux, John Bergstrr ser. Dr. Bi umbaugh and their families and neighbors who have to cordially wel¬ superintended the burial about 150 years comed the society and contributed to the pleasure ago. and succ ss of the o ca^iou ; and that the society de A very aged Indian, too infirm to, • sires to formally plrce upon its minutes thia brief recognition of its appreciation of the hosptiality ex¬ walk,so ran the story,as he knew it direct tended. from his ancestors, while being carried by younger followers to a conference After a hearty and unanimous vote in with the Proprietaries (probably at Phila¬ favor of the foregoing resolutions the delphia) halted near the above mention¬ society adjourned to the usual time in ed spring, (2) there tired of their burden, January next. ff&awlMl «?'• the young Indians built a hut for the old man, and leaving him in charge of an Indian girl, (3) suddenly, after night came i on, abandoned him and went onto the' treaty. So enraged and distressed was the aged j chief, on waking to find himself deserted, I that he tried to commit suicide by stab¬ I $ ' ft ^ -2<2-/ ? -2— bing himself, and when his weak, trem¬ bling hand could not thrust the knife I with effect, at last set fire to his bed of leaves and threw himself upon it. (4) THE GRAVE OF TAMENEND. The other Indians, who had been refused ,- a hearing by the Proprietaries in his ab¬ Read Before tike Bucks Conuty Historical sence, and sent back to fetch him, on ar- | riving at the hut, iound him dead with a Society, July 19tli, by Henry C. great hole burned in bis side. Mercer, of Doylestown. The affair was voiced abroad and Wal¬ ter Shewell, Esq., of Painswick Hall, (5) Walk down Neshaminy creek on the the most prominent man in the neighbor¬ right bank at Prospect Hill, and as you hood and once sheriff of Bucks county, had the body buried in the presence of come out of the hemlock grove that over¬ the Indians near the hut. hangs the water, ascend the first rivulet All the common versions repeat the in¬ that crosses your path to empty into the cident omitted by Mr. Shewell, that Wal¬ stream. A walk of 300 or 400 yards brings ter Shewell’s son Robert, then a little boy, ■ wanted to go with his father to the funeral you to it’s source, a small spring half but was forbidden. Tho Misses Shewell, | hidden by grass, in a hollow of the open of Doylestown, are very certain of the de¬ Hillside meadow. tail as forming part of their family tradi- | About 50 feet downward from the tion, but their cousin, my informant, doubts it. spring close to the rill, you find by pull¬ Not long after,the body of a son or de¬ ing away some briars an old stump much scendant of Tammany or Tamenend (for decayed, where 40 years ago, stood a so all the traditions distinctly name the buried chief) was brought by Indians large poplar, and just 47 feet below it, to the spring and there buried near some large suckers mark the former site the other grave, where Mr. Thomas of a chestnut tree. Between the two Shewell, my informant, remembered see¬ stumps stands a young cherry tree and; ing both grave mounds with the stones and the two large trees in about the year there a little nearer the rivulet at the feet 1816. (6) of the bank, 11 feet from the poplar and Still later two more dead Indians, sup- 36 from the chestnut, according to Aden; Eosed descendants of Tamenend, were' H. Brinker, is the site of an Indian rought by the tribe to the spot for burial, j and finally, for some reason unknown, grave. interred in the old New Britain (Baptist) The spot is on the farm now owned by churchyard where all trace oi their un¬ Enos Detweiler, in New Britain town¬ marked graves have been lost. (7) On January 31,1892,1 visited the spring ship, Bucks county, Pennsylvania, (1) and site of “ Tammany’s grave ” in the about a mile up Neshaminy creek from company of the only two persons now Godshalk’s dam, and there is no doubti living who probably could positively that in the middle of the last century ] identify the spot—Aden H. Brinker, of New Britain, and Edward Brinker, who an Indian chief was buried there byj had bought the Detweiler farm from Cap¬ white men. tain Robbarts and sold it to its present owner. —lie or hatcher,'a few glass V Knowing the neecTof exactness in these ;ht from white men, and possi- facts, I took the greatest care in learning _i medal might be dug up to tell from the Brinker brothers that Captain tale of this memorable interment, Robbarts had been a particular friend of me beg that no relic hunter, lor the the Shewells and a continued guest at sake of a few comparatively modern Painswick Hall scarcely a mile away, trinkets (since he need expect to find no that through Nathaniel Shewell, the then implements of the stone age), will ven¬ owner, (uncle of Mr. Shewell, of Bristol,) ture to disturb the spot for archaeology and others of the family, he had been by careless digging and render its scien¬ fully acquainted with the particulars of tific identification hopeless. the tradition ; that after his sale of the No doubt then as to the burial of the farm to the Brinkers he had boarded at Indian, and little doubt as to our having the house until his death and had fre¬ found the spot. The only remaining quently shown the boys and their father question is as to the identification ol the the graves by the spring. chief. Was it Tamenend ? Aden H. Brinker was about 14 years Sherman Day (historical collections, p. old when his father ordered him to re¬ 163) says “No” and adduces in proof an move the grave stones, flat hewn slabs of ingenious and at first convincing argu¬ red slate from Neshaminy creek, about 3 ment. feet long and 11 wide with no marks upon He fixed, and I think coiTectly, the them, and then standing at Tammany’s date of burial atter 1740, because Rooert grave 6 or 7 feet apart and protruding | Shewell, the “little boy” who asked in about 8 inches from the ground. Much vain, (according to the common tradi¬ less account was made of the second grave tion), to go to the funeral, was born than the first, and both brothers distinct¬ then. (9) ly remember their father and Captain Tammany he thinks could not pos¬ Robbarts referring to it and pointing it sibly have been living so late and ! out about 50 feet away across the gully. escaped the notice of the Moravian mis¬ ' When A. H. Brinker dug up one stand- sionaries, who explored the Forks of the 1 ing stone and another fallen one as be- Delaware in 1742 and the Susquehanna ! longing to it, both of these with the other i soon after. But this is only a suggestion two from “Tammany’s” grave were of Mr. Days’ and so is my answer to it. hauled away in a cart and built into the ! I suggest that Tamenend might have i wall of the new barn. been living until after 1740 unnoticed by At the same time about 1850-60 the boys white men for the following reasons: ! cut down to be used as timber the chest¬ Fii'st, Tamenend was present at a coun¬ nut tree and the giant poplar (whose trunk cil in Philadelphia on July 6, 1694, when it took six horses to haul) that once shad¬ the Iroquois wanted the Delawares to ed the spring. attack the settlers (colonial 1. 447) when So the spot has changed much since the he made the speech, “We and the Chris¬ graves were visible. So much that per¬ tians ol this x-iver have always had a tree haps Mr. Shewell, who has not seen it for road way to one another and though nearly 80 years, would not recognize it. sometimes a tree has fallen aci'oss the The steep overhanging bank has been road, yet we have still removed it again much graded down by ploughing. The and kept the path clear and we design to source, accox-ding to Mr. Brinker, has re- continue the old friendship that has been between us and you.” (1) I traced back the ownership of the property And again on July 6, 1697, (Pa. arch. 1. in the Doy iestown land records to about 1770. Erosn that time (deed book 19, p. 76) it had come down 124) when with “Wehiland and my through David Caldwell, William Foibes, William brother and Weheequickhou, alias An- Dean, David Waggoner. Abram Moyer, John Moy¬ drew, who is to be king after my death,” er, Captain J. Kobbaits in 1823, (deed book 49, p. 189) to John Q Adams Brinker and the present he again for the third time sells his laud owner, t cannot learn that it was ever owned by between Pennypack and Neshaminy the Shesve is. creeks. This is the last official notice of (2) The common version and that of Sherman Day, taken f'ooi some members of the Shewell him thus lar discovered. famliv, about 1810, (Historical Collections, p. 163) says If he was forty years old then, he distinctly that the old chief fell ill on the road. would have been 93 in 1750, or if 50, 103 at (3) The current versions describe the girl as his daughter, who was sent to the spring for water when the later date, which is in general accord he commuted suicide. with the Bucks county tradition of his (4> All the other versions say that he first tried gi'eat age and the traditional infonnation to burn himself, but was prevented, and afterwards i stabbed bimself while the girl was at the spri ng upon which Cooper bases his description ■ (5) Painswick Hall, named after an ancestral in the “last of the Mohicans.” I country seat of the Shewells in England. The old Second—The fact cannot be overlooked house recently sold by the Misses Shewell, of Doyleslown. stiil stands on the left of the road lead¬ that Prospect Hill, the scene of his death, ing from New Britain to Castle Valley, the first according to the legend, is comprised in I building on the left after crossing the road to God- the very lands lying between Pennypack \ shaik’s mill. Early in the last century it belonged to an estate of 500 acres. The Shewells were in New and Neshaminy creeks, which as the Britain in 1729 particular territory of Tamenend him¬ (s) The Misses Shewell knew nothing of this self he sold three times over to William grave. (7) The M isses Shewell had not heard of these Penn in 1683, 1692 and 1697. Then, and / graves Neither had the present sexton at New for years after, the word Tamenend must Britain. Eugene James, Eeq„ had an indistinct have been identified with the region, recollection of having heard mem menjijftned._ and is it likely that the Shewells, who ed neai-iy 100 foot from the poplar came there in 1729, only thirty-one years mp. The trees are gone and the hill- after the last sale, would have made a e is bare. (8) mistake in the name ? ? Still, let us draw a straight line from Third—There is some corroborative 1 Ipoplar stump to the chestnut shoots, evidence for the ti’adition in a song sung asure 11 feet from the former or 36 feet in honor of the American Saint Tam- f m the latter, and; looking northward! many in 1783 at one of the meetings of tep ia little to the left, and" then, if there the then celebrated Tammany brother¬ any certaiuty in human evidence,] we hood in Philadelphia. Its beginning, Hare' within a few feet of the spot where a ‘ Of Andrew, of Peter, of David, of George, What mighty achievements we hear," proves it to have been written later than the journey of the old man and his followers over Prospect hill. Examination of the signed treaties the date of the first Philadelphia almanac proves, that no one chief whatever his rank as that dubbed Tamenend a saint, about sachem was present at any of the land conferences 1760-70. While its last verse, which did not concern him personally. Tamenend, who was head sajbem of the whole Lenape system “At last growing old, and quite worn out with years, until 1718, was not present at the Jersey land treaty As history oota truly proclaim, of 1673. or th- lower Backs county sale in 1691. or the His wigwam was tired, he nobly expired, Chester and Penny pack sale in 1685. nor that for the And flew to the skies in a flame. Schuylkill and Pennypack lands in 1683, or Susque¬ infers either that the composer has heard hanna and Delaware lands in 1683. (see Colonial Kec. and Pa. archives) when In 1683 selling lands be¬ the story of his death on the Neshaminy, tween the Neshaminy and Pennypack (Pa. arch. or had, which is rather unlikely, con¬ 162). Tamenend concerned himself with his own fused him with the well known drunken patrimony. A study of the deeds throws little light on the governmental system of the Lenape we fiod Tedyuskung, who was burnt to death in appended to each a list of strange names, and 'he his wigwam at Wyoming in 1763. same tract so d several times by different indi¬ At one ot these meetings in 1781 a dele¬ viduals wi h no hint of a general tiibal supervision. Doubt ess d zens of informal conferences were gation of Senecas visited the society’s never recorded to anyone of which Tamenend may “wigwam” on the Schuylkill, where have been called. The 1719 conference concluded a hung a portrait of “ Tammany,” on sale of lands beyond the Blue Mountains. At that time Tamenend. tf living, bad been deposed from the which occasion Corn planter made a office of chief sachem for 31 years speech and pointing to the picture, pour¬ (10) The frequent elaborate Indian costumes still ed a libation of wine on the ground, say¬ common at city parades in Philadelphia are un¬ questionably a relic of these processions ing, “If we pour it on ground it will (11) These and many other interesting and un¬ suck it up and he will get it.” collected data I And in an annotated edition of It was this merry-making, parading Keschel’s ‘ Memorials of the Moravian Church ” at brotherhood, founded in Philadelphia the Pennsylvania Historical Society. _ before the Revolution, who set in vogue the “Wallum Olum” or Lenape bark rec¬ the myth that the three white balls on ord, an historic song illustrated by mne¬ Penn’s coat-of-arms represented three monic pictographs, and sung by medicine dumplings which Tammany had cooked men at sacred occasions, recounting the for him at the Treaty Tree, who adopted tribal migrations and the full list of head Indian names and paraded in Indian sachems, discovered by the eccentric dress on Tammany’s Day (the 1st of antiquarian, C. A. Rafinesque, and re¬ May), (9) who invented alL manner cently published by Dr. Brinton (Lenape of myths, stories and sayings and Their Legends, p. 170). about the great Indian, and had him The Wallum Olum tells us that Tama¬ dubbed a saint by certain almanac nend, or “The Affable,” was not the first makers, who set going the word Tam¬ of his name, but that long before, count¬ many, so to speak, over the country, and ing back by the names of scores of rulers gave rise to all the other so-calIed*Tam- before the coming of the whites, there many societies in the United States, the were two other Tamanends, the first a Independent Order of Red Men, and the celebrated head chief in the far west New York political organization known before the tribe had migrated, eastward. as Tammany Hall, founded in Borden’s Taking this and Reichel’s “Memoirs of city hotel in New York in 1789, and who the Moravian Church” as our authority gave the name to Tammanytown, Juni¬ we learn that our Tamanend was pre¬ ata county; Mount Tammany, near Will¬ ceded by Ikwabon, and probably suc¬ iamsport, Md.; Tamenend, Schulykiil ceeded by Allumpees, or Sassoonan, who county; Tammany street, Philadelphia was made chief in 1718 and held the office (now Buttonwood); St. Tammany par¬ till his death in 1747. ish, Louisiana; Tammany, Mecklinburgh Here is an important date then, the county, Virginia, and a hundred other { certain end of Tainanend’s reign in 1718. places so called. If he died then that is the end of our But fourth and last, to return to our ■ story. The Neshaminy Legend is mis¬ particular subject, there is no question taken. But that he did so is by no means that the three clans of the Lenape, the .certain. Wolf, Turtle and Turkey, were in a For some reason, not thoroughly ex¬ vague, loose way presided over by a plained, the Iroquois at about this time head sachem chosen from the Turtle obtained that curious moral and physical clan by the members of the two influence over the Delawares which has other clans". (Lenape and Their Legends, been the subject of much curious specu- p. 47). Just what his powers were is not lation. Then it was that governors were definitely known. He certainly had lit¬ sent down from the Six Nations to look tle or nothing to do with the land sales after them, and they were referred to as of his fellow chiefs to the whites. Losk- “women” and “in petticoats,” and took iel says that “be arranged treaties and that position of a conquered people which conventions of peace” and kept the they held down to the outbreak of the wampum peace belt of the tribe. (Mis¬ Revolution. sion, p. 135). He held his office during What the details of this sudden decad- j good behavior and so generally until ence were, whether a defeat in battle or I death. a weakening dispute no one has as yet Such a chief was Tamanend and the authoritively learned. The Moravians others: Allumpees, died 1747 ; Natimus, did not come into the upper Delaware and probably Tatemy, died 1761; Neta- Susquehanna region until 1742, and as tawees, in the west, and Tedyascung, in Heekewelder testifies, the Indians were the east, died 1763, who came after him very reticent on these subjects. until the removal of the Delaw'ares from Allumpees, made chief sachem in 1718, Eastern Pennsylvania, (11) and such was a weak character who died a drunk¬ were the many who came before ard in 1747. As the tool of the Iroquois, him, if we are to believe the testimony of he may have been elected by their power¬ ful influence to supersede Tamenend, (8) . Besides the two large trees referred to, a wauiut and two other chestnuts on the slope just nor is it impossible to suppose that the hove the spring and opposite Tammany’s grave, latter, by a patriotic resistance to the \ 'e cut down by the Brinkers for barn building at, majority of his people at the time of their \ 'me time. 1830 6J, hut it t3 useless, I think, to assign as he does, degradation, had become distasteful to he date of any known public conference to the Six Nations. If it is not unfair to sug¬ gest this, we have an easy explanation of the several apparent contrad Iship, Chesler county, four miles north that he had a great reputation ar jot this borough, carries out a purpose tribe,and yet that they said so little about which he has kept in mind through the him, that he lived until about 1750 and excitement of State and Presidential yet was unnoticed by early settlers, elections for a number of years. The | missionaries and public documents. power and influence of associations | Yet this is but supposition and I have seem to be greater over strong men than j thus far tried in vain to sift to the bottom they are over weaklings. The latter the stories that Tamenend once lived upon turn more easily and lightly from the site of Easton, was buried where familiar scenes and come to the parting Nassau Hall now stands at Princeton of the ways which must forever separate College, lived in the State of Delaware, or them from old associations with hardly at the place in Damasus township, Wayne a pang of regret. There are able men in county, called by the early Connecticut public lile like Carl Schurz, who, as Mr. settlers “St. Tammany’s fiat” in 1757. Blaine has said, never struck his Still I do not despair on the other hand ; roots deeply into any soil. ButtheClays, of finding in the archives of the Moravians ? |tlie Websters, the Madisons and the at Bethlehem, or in the State archives at Jelfersons turn with increasing affection Harrisburg or Trenton, or in the lost I from the worriments and cares of public diaries of Still or Weiser or any of the life to their Ashlands, Marshfields and ; other early scouts, or in the traditional 5j Monticellos. There are many men, no data probably embodied in the Fenimore doubt, who walk down Chestnut street Cooper MSS., or from living Delawares and see nothing but the pavements, the themselves,some direct proof that the well stores and the throng passing by. There authenticated Neshaminy legend is true, are others who take in the past and the that the great Tamenend was alive be¬ present at the same glance, and to them tween 1697 and 1750, that deposed by his enemies in 1718 he lived on in the Penn¬ sylvania wilderness until a very old man, watched jealously by the powerful Iro¬ quois and their governor at Shamokin, i avoided cautiously by the time servers of his tribe, beloved by many in secret, guarded by a few, and least of all, betrayed to the notice of the white stranger. SENATOR QUAY'S * | CHESTER COUNTY FARM MRS. ANDERSON B. the procession of the 'The Pnrcto fas a Long-Contei' Continental Congress of 1774, on their way to Carpenters’Hall,may he, perhaps, as vivid a picture as the more common¬ Dlatea Purpose. place scene actually before their eyes. -- It was, no doubt, his Chester county associations which set Senator Quay a (The Many Ties That Bind Him to numoer of years ago to thinking of buy¬ ing a Chester county farm, and he had j Chester County People. this purpose in mind last summer, when he visited Judge Pennvpacker on the western slopes of the Valley Hills. The Matthew Stanley Farm, Where The Matthew Stanley farm, which he has now acquired by purchase, belonged His Mother Lived When a to Matthew Stanley, an able Chester i county lawyer, who was the guardian Maiden. and a relative of Senator Quay’s mother. It was in this house that the Senator’s • mother spent her girlhood, and lived The Senator’s Father and Mother until her marriage to Rev. Anderson Beaton Quay, a young Presbyterian Both Natives or the County—His minister. On both sides of the house. People Were Among Chester’s Senator Quay is associated with Chester! county, and many of his relatives are, First Settlers—Interesting Per- still living in Chester and Montgomery I sonal and Historical Associations. counties. The first Quay in Pennsyl¬ vania, Alexander, bought 151 acres of; land in Horsham township, Montgom¬ Coatesvilue, Aug. 6—Senator Quay’s ery county, in 1729. His son, Alexander, purchase of the Matthew Stanley farm was a soldier in Captain Deetner’s com-., of 130 acres, in West Brandywine town- nanv in the French and Indian, ;t war. Another son was Seth Quay, rg to Major E. Howell unc March 6, 1802, is preserved, as follows: 1 am happy to inform you that there is a considerable portion of Clio Legislature pious Christians of (liffoient denomina¬ tions. Soon after 1 arrived a Presbyterian elder from Fayette county invited me to take lodgings with liim, as he has since told me, purely on account of religion. I accordingly moved, and abide with him in much friendship, together with another gentleman of said Church. It has been remarked that there is as little immorality in this House of Assembly as has ever been known. Notwithstandingyou may be sure that Christianity admits room for the best to amend, and there is a daily necessity for the exercise of all the grace we have gotten. TbeSenator’s father, Rev. AndersonBea- ton Quay, and his mother, Catharine Mc- a judge of the Philadelphia Court of Common Pleas. After the Revo¬ lutionary War the Quays crossed the Schuylkill into Chester county. I The Senator’s grandfather, Joseph, married the daughter of Major Patrick Anderson, who had also been a soldier in the French and Indian war, and who subsequently was the senior captain of the Pennsylvania Pine in the Revolu¬ tion. The Andersons were the first white settlers in Schuylkill township, Home of Joseph Quay (Senator Quay’s and some of the family are still living Grandfather) on Pickering Greek. on the tract of land ou the Pickering creek which James Anderson bought in ■ Cain, were both born in Chester county. 1713. When James Anderson’s wife Catharine McCain Quay and Thomas went over into the Great Chester Valley McKean, tho signer of the Declaration to visit her father, Thomas Jarmon, she of Independence, probably sprang from left her babe—who was in due course of the same Chester county family.Thomas time the great-grandfather of Senator McKean’s father, William, spelled the Quay—at home, to be tenderly nursed name “McKean;” but the will dated De¬ and suckled by an Indian woman. The cember 28, 1730, of the mother of the Senator’s grandfather, Joseph Quay, is latter, who lived in New London town-' buried in tfie Anderson family burying ship, Chester county, is signed “Susan-1 ground. Here, also, is buried Major nali McCain.” Senator Quay’s lather. Patrick Anderson and the Senator’s Anderson Beaton Quay, the Presbyter¬ f great-uncle, Isaac Anderson, who, as a ian minister, is still well remembered member of Congress in 1805, beaded the for his useful labors in the Cumberland list of ayes in favor of liberating the Valley, as appears from a history of tho blacks in the District of Columbia and Presbyterian Church in that valley, and' prohibiting the importation of slaves. at Beaver, as will be seen by referenceJ An interesting political letter written to the history of Beaver county. Within by Hon. Isaac Anderson from Harris- a year or so the Beaver county newspa¬ pers have spoken of Senator Quay’s very liberal contributions towards the restor¬ ation of the church of which his lather! was pastor until the time of his death. These associations will readily explain why Presbyterians turned to "him with their protests against opening the World’s Fair on Sunday and account lor his having recently secured the pas¬ sage by the United States Senate of an amendment to the World’s Fair appro- | priation bill requiring the lair to be closed on that day. They explain, too, the readiness with which his influence was used to secure the passage of the High License law in Pennsylvania, and 1 subsequently,the submission to the peo- ; pie ot the proposed Prohibition amend- ! mont to the State Constitution. The purchase of a Chester county iarm I by Senator Quay is therefore in the Hature of a long-contemplated home, ... Doorway coming, a return to scenes with which | \ House, Schuylkill — THE HOUSE OS SENATOR QUAY’S FARM. TOMB OF JOSEPH QUAY, The Anderson Homestead on the Pick¬ ering Creek. ] his father and mother and their people i had been familiar for nearly two cen¬ creek, the Pickering, the Schuylkill or turies. When a boy his father tajked the Brandywine. I to him of these scenes and brought him What value literary and historical I to visit them. They have always been associations add to the price of real the background to his life. There could estate is perhaps still an undeter¬ be no fairer one, for the Brandywine mined question. Perhaps it depends —Wind’st through meadows green, something upon what value the ownei Fringed with tali grass and graceful of such real estate sets upon associa¬ bending fern. tions. The descendants of Mad Anthony However far afield the Chester coun- Wayne have kept at Paoli his home tiau or the man pf Chester county much as he and his father left it. There stock may wander—and one such, Bay¬ is a room with Wayne’s swords, his ard Taylor, was equally at home in Ger¬ uniform, his desk, his furniture. With many, in Egypt, on the Syrian coast or the exception of Mount Vernon, the in Persia.—he is apt to look back through home of no other Revolutionary general ' all his wanderings to the hills, streams has been kept thus intact. The visitor and vales of Chester and to return to to Wayesborough is forced to the con¬ them, as Taylor did,with increased affec¬ viction that the unusual reverence and tion and appreciation of their beauty. regard for old associations paid by the . Chester county life and Chester county descendants of the hero of Stony Point - scenery have oeen described in the has advanced the price of real estate poetry of Taylor and Buchanan Read throughout the entire neighborhood. , land in Taylor’s novels. Nearly every There are houses in Chester county in |hamlet has its traditions of the marches which the bearers of nearly all the great and battles of the armies of Washington names ot the American Revolution as and Howe, and it is not surprising if the well as many of the leaders of Great Chester countian finds a west which is Britain’s forces have slept. Whether no further west than Ohio barren in its such associations advance the price of lack of historical suggestiveness, or un- real estate depends upon what store beautiful, since the face of nature has people set by such things. Senator Quay been stamped with a different mould is said to have paid $10,000 for 130 from that which has given its impress to i acres, or about $77 per acre. Without its the hills that drain into the French associations the farm would not have it found in him a purchaser. They meant g nothing to the seller and everything to i- the purchaser, but when they come to le ---— fanners' returning wifgpSjs, senl mean much to the holder the value of to dispose of grain or stirplus pre t property must advance. It'ls safe to The cheapest and most common c sav that the Matthew Stanley farm will that day when a man wished to visit not soon sell again at such a low figuro, West, then Ohio and Indiana, was to mount and that its influence hereafter, like his horse and go it alone or in company that of the Wayne homestead, will with others mounted in a similar manner. tend to appreciate real estat1' values in Their tavern hills were very' small, so the neighborhood. The sentiment of that time was the principal expense. - Pitts-: any community, in spite of a counter¬ burg had at this time become a thriving town! acting tendency springing from the mis¬ and the centre of a very considerable I fortunes or hardships of some of its trade down the Ohio and Mississippi rivers. members, is the reflection ot the senti¬ Most of her supplies of dry goods, groceries, ment of a few. The stift upper lip of and other articles of trade were obtained one man can stay a panic even in real from Philadelphia, being transported byj estate prices. The land which is desired what were known as the Conestoga wagons. by one will be desirable to two and event¬ These were mostly owned by farmers of; ually to manv, and thus the coming of a Chester and Lancaster counties, and had be-! good, thrifty”neighbor with the ability come the source of very considerable reve¬ and disposition to keep down the weeds nue to them. Old residents will remember and keep up the fences, and make the long strings of these wagons passing twenty-five or thirty bushels of wheat through West Chester, especially in the fall grow on the acre that produced only fif¬ of the year, on their way to their distant des¬ teen bushels is a welcome addition in tination. The business had already assumed any farming community. » large proportions, taxingtheeapaeityof farm¬ ers to furnish necessary teams, and, of course, making the cost of transportation very heavy. Cattle, mostly feeding steers, , c V£ -c he was put in e. the supervision of the'Columbia division they were pursuing si oners. a course from Downingtown down Chester His knowledge was very limited, and his Valley that would have brought them to many errors subsequently proved very costly ) Philadelphia at easy grades. General to the State. Under his advice and directions Evans appreciating the importance of hav¬ several plans for the construction of road ing the railroad near his tavern invited the I heds and tracks were tried. There was no engineers and commissioners to a big dinner railroad iron made in this country at the at his hottd,and there succeeded in convincing tune, and all had to be imported from En«- them of the propriety of comingout of the land at a heavy cost. valley before reaching his place." By means THE FIRST TRACKS. of heavy grades and many graceful curves The first tracks in use were laid on stone the beauty of which were the pride of Major with few or no cross-ties. The rail was \V llson, the line of road was laid within about i forty feet of his doors. fn?'[11 as Hie edge rail, about two inches in width on the top surface, then narrowed General Evans being a prominent Damo- down with a small flange at the base. This | crat bis hotel was long a stopping place for was set m cast iron chairs about two and a passenger trains, as a dining station, whilst halt feet apart, and keyed with iron wedges | that party was in power and controlled the the chairs being spiked to cubical blocks of I public works. stone set in the ballasted road bed. It made ON HIGHER GROUND. a very fair support for the light locomotives A lter getting out of the valley on to the | and cars first used, but the jarring of passing higher grounds of the south valley hills the trains loosened and dropped the keys out of | route oi the road followed the same to with- place, and the rails spread for want of cross¬ ! in a mile of the Schuylkill River, about four ties, so—-- that the derailingwiaxjiug Uiof cars was aasom-a*»o miles northwest of the city. Here it was mon occurrence, and men had to pass along thought the only means to reach the level of the city was by means of an inclined plane keys kSdallj’ rep!aeln" and fastening the which was then thought to be no important obstruction to a railroad. - lf4''°thcr. tried was a flat iron rail, two inches wide by half inch in thickness,laid on "Whilst the State works were being talked a continuous stone foundation, spiked fast to ot and partly under construction, the people he same at the space of fiiteen inches be? of West Chester became excited upon the subject of rapid transportation,and a meeting a failmSeP1^er i!lUt thls .pIan Proved to be Sf1a? did the same iron bars spiked to of prominent citizens was held at the obi “f® laul lengthwise of the track. The Turks Head, Dec. 11th, 1830, at which a '! mbet s<.’°,u rotted or mashed under the committee was appointed to make inquiry heavy weights rolling over them, the spikes and assist in some preliminary surveys This' committee reported on the 22d of the curkdcuiied up,un°Ln sometimes r W°° dcoming and-the throughends °fhars the month that a possible route had been found tiy which a connection could be made with Thftaid ohC CfrS 8nd doin? nnich damage, solid fo, the st°ne was sofid, in fact too ii i t1ate.i"°oks,> and a town meeting was solid, toi the vibration it caused in loco- called for the 24th. At this meeting it was resolved to appoint theSS^y!at “ to rapidl>' a committee to secure a charter. The charter was obtained Feb. 18th, 1831, for a IkJo16 dAat bai'was entirely dispensed with in 4;,Ah°rt piece of say about two miles thpCU^leT.Ullf i'V leuSth t0 connect with l On iwJIntersection, now Malvern. head of thee;nMd’ Had1beea laid from the ; On the 22d of March the books of the com¬ inclined planes westward. It pany were opened for the sale of stock the ' f? OD be n?rth side or west bound track par value being $50. The whole of it’ was a»d ?'u ’} t0 what was known as the black- -niith shops, or Old Merion Meeting House disposed of m a few minutes, there beiii" a £feati 1US'i for Vr pe°Ple fighting for a chance all ofdh? KWa-S 8bandoned about 1839, and to subscribe. More than double the amount track* fc? wf-s, doae 0,1 the sout!l v anted was offered as it was expected to avoided t 'ril;! d l!ntd ,the planes were avoided. This single track was the site of pay great dividends from the calculations several accidents and collisions and often it made by the enthusiastic managers. The T writer bought some of this stock in 1844 at was necessary for conductor or firemen to 81 per share. It had at this time only paid I the curves ahead of his train or cars to I three small dividends and these not out of ' in those d6ayr y’ &r "'e had telegraph any profits. John P. Daily, as assistant engineer under taverns. Major \Y llson, went to work immediately to ! ri50re railroads were built taverns were Jay out and construct the road. WW merT alon8 a11 of the principal highways of the country. They were eon +i <\ri?ePT,en-VJein ISdg 1832, it was announced that Mr. Baily, had completed the construc¬ tlie fro n;‘.eessary f°r the accommodation of tion of the road in a satisfactory manner in the tia\ eling public, were mostly well-kent the short space of sixteen months, and a vote orderly, and were often very profitable to ot thanks was rendered him for his energy owners, although charges we£ aVayf mod" and promptness. d’.lds, 'w'as Probably the only road in the United States ever built within the time fs“aayCa”1twe\d?of\?1ese stopphi^pS and cost estimated by engineers. Phiahand W^SeS8 between Philad^- The road was partially opened for short *nPs a«d excursions on the 13tli of Septem- wlTen ii!'!ad Vs used hy a11 Pittsburg teams Tii oi this being previous to the opening when the roads were good, to save tolls Uni of the State Road, which was not yet ready when chrt roa'ls wereln a’bad condition they for use. J took the Lancaster Pike. Along this road On the ISth of October, 1832, the Canal iad been established some very good taverns Commissioners reported their road open for amongst them a large and superior one at travel to the head of the inclined planes. Paoh, which was kept by General Joshua Shortly after this the writer made his first Evans, a popular politician in his day and trip to the city by rail, the passengers be in" an ex-member of the 22d Congress. 1 Y taken to the city Rom the head of the It was said that when Major Wilson and chned planes in omnibuses, crossing the the commissioners were laying out the route Schuylkill at Fairmount or Market street bridges. the day from daily toil and restraint ot city THE FIRST CARS. j life, were memorable occasions and short¬ The first cars put upon the road for the ened the lad’s time as well as distance to his purpose of carrying passengers were built loved old home in the country. after the pattern of Troy coaches, then in j Occasionally a snake head or a loose key general use for staging. Like them the might vary the trip by pitching the car fromj body was swung on two great leather straps I the track, giving us a merry ride for a time and these were the only springs in use for a over the cross-ties, but all of the men would time. The cars were so light that they were quickly dismount, send the ladies to the far liable to tip np behind on the sudden appli¬ end of the car, and then proceed to lift the cation of the brakes. The West Chester | car on the track again, one end at a time. company suffered a heavy loss in a suit for | But such incidents were scarcely noticed- damages after an accident of this kind that and they detracted very little from the en¬ happened at Haverford. Three passengers joyment of a trip to and from West Chester, were badly hurt by being pitched from the THE FIRST CAR DRIVERS. top of the car. The cars were increased in size and weight The first car drivers came onto the- rail¬ and changed in construction as new ones roads from the old stage lines that had pre¬ were needed. Taverns were erected along viously traversed the country in every direc-1 the line of the roads for the accommodation tion, some of which were now abandoned. of travelers, and at these points the horses: Among the earliest I remember George I of the various lines were at first stationed. Ohio, JetF and Joe Cave and John Wiler.! The West Chester Company had teams to The last named became a conductor on the i run from their depot near Broad and Rice | State road when horses were dispe-nsed with, streets in the city To the foot of the inclined and locomotives placed on the main line,and plane. The next team took the car from the remained in active service until superan-1 head of the planes to White Hall. Here nuated, and was finally pensioned by the teams were exchanged and the next run was Pennsylvania Railroad about 1876. to the Eagle. From there to Green Tree He was a man noted for integrity and] was another section, and thence to West steady habits when such was not the rule Chester was the last. All teams with the amongst men in his calling. He died in 1831] exception of those below the planes were aged about 82 years. He was probably the driven tandem,and doubled their run daily, last one of the old stage drivers that had been; the same drivers going through from the transferred to the railroad at its commence- j head of the planes to West Chester and re¬ ment. Of the earliest conductors put uponj turning daily. the roads, but few if any now remain. NEARLY A FOUR-HOUR TRIP. I remember amongst them the names of John Wiler, Capt. Hambright, Ned Low and Although the average time for a trip be¬ Chip Parsons on the main line. On the old, tween the city and West Chester was not far West Chester line were Billy Price, George 5 from four hours, yet at that time it was not Jefleris, Jeff1 Cave, R. M. Frame, Davis' deemed a tedious ride. In fair weather with Gill, and David and George Zell. Among seats on top of the cars, passengers put in the earlier engineers I remember of but. a the time in an enjoyable manner. At every few names; they were Jake Wilson, who later tavern it was the custom to stop a few got a berth on a Government vessel; John minutes for refreshments. Passengers would Slack, Harry Cruson, Ike Bruce, John [ leisurely get down, walk into the bar-room Natt, Dan Fagan, Bill Courtney and the] and take a drink all around, and if conduc¬ tor or driver were not comfortably full by late Levi Hoffman. the time they got through it was generally NO. 2 IN MONDAY’S ISSUE. their own fault. The stopping places between Philadel¬ phia and West Chester were DeBeautree’s, ast of the Columbia Bridge; two hotels at the top of the inclined planes, one kept by a Mr. Williams, the name of the proprietor of the other not remembered. West of the planes first came the White Hall kept by Mr. Castner, Mrs. Castner, the landlady, being famous for her pies. Four miles farther west we came to Morgan’s Corner, now Radnor Station, then kept by Billy Morgan. Next was the Eagle, kept by Miff Lewis, whose wife was a daughter of Mrs. Castner, and was equally noted as a pie constructor. Next came Paoli, kept first by Gen. Joshua AN INTERESTING CHAPTER OF RAIL¬ Evans, and after his death by his son, John D. ROAD REMINISCENCES BY “J. P.” Evans, both noted Democrats; and then came the Green Tree, kept by Jonathan Jones, and later by his son Jacob, both pro¬ Some Bits of History Husbanded Tliat nounced Whigs, and hence received no AV1I1 Strike tile Reader as Being Well | favors from the Democratic State Commis¬ Worth a Careful' Perusal and a sioners. These were all of the regular stopping Storing Atvay for Future Reference, j places directly on the line of the road,though Etc. _ 1 several other good hotels were near by on tne NO. 2. i pike. But the horse cars were accommodat- THE ORIGINAL IDEA. \ ing and stopped at farm houses or any inter- The original idea was that the State should J mediate points for passengers. furnish only the roadway, and that private I AN INVIGORATING OUTING. individuals or companies should furnish cars To take a seat on top of a car with a pleas¬ and horses for the purpose of carrying pas¬ ant party of young friends, and there in the sengers and freight, the State charging only- tree, fresh air enjoy to the full the constant road tolls, and such was:the method first changing scenery, the ever fresh breeze adopted. Anyone had a right to put on his made by the motion of the car, the jokes and freight car and run it so long as he paid the fun suggested by joyous hearts released for ...I1;’ ffv"‘g 'v«7 only to passengers cars overtaken at a siding. But the use of penence, that the theories ot inexperienced jvas soon adopted when it was engineers had been at fault, and that instead, iound that all horse cars were in the ot being profitable dividend-paying specu- way, interfering with the running of ! Nations, every railroad in the country was be- ”?» if , a1.1 freight cars were” or- ' mg run at a loss to stockholders. oeud attached to regular trains. The True, small dividends were paid occasion¬ V* est Chester Railroad Company only hav¬ ally by some companies to keep up theircredit ing the privilege of running horses, through j in the stock market,and enable them to borrow ernl «Zi llb^aI- cbafter from the State, sev- more money, but these dividends were eial of the old stage lines put passenger ears mostly made from money thus obtained, re¬ ° ‘tha r?ad t0 carry Passengers, arid when pairs and expenses eating up all of the in¬ tlie State commenced to furnish motive come, so that nothing was left for dividends, power these several companies attached or improvements. ttieir cars to the same locomotive, and trav¬ The State works, under the constant elers took their choice as to which they j changing of new and inefficient political would patronize. State agents were put on managers, became a great drain upon thei each train to count the passengers carried State Treasury, demanding, as it yearly did i i and report the same to collectors. The onlv of the Legislature, appropriations for its- names now remembered among the early support and betterment. i Tnlinag7!ts 7?re J°naih?n Moualian, Nelson ABOUT DIVIDENDS. I tvra^V- C?ptam Hambnght, Billy Kelly IMeMiehael and Jimmy Hunter. As the The West Chester Company had paid three dividends in the eleven years, whilst ’ nhll T 01!?J,la( become a great political ma- ! chine by 1810, and the Democratic party be- I sorely m need of the money itself, but had mg in power, of course every State failed to respond to the urgent appeals of agent, engineer, fireman and laborer on the hungry stockholders for the last six years. road was required to pass muster and show The road was now badly out of repair and i nis laith when election day came around and must be renewed or abandoned. so control of the State was firmly held ' The timbers of the road bed had rotted growing business. away, cars were worn out, and the company in debt to the full amount of its credit. ■PnniT* 1 e -time the^opening of the State Bead for business there had grown up in Times had been hard, the money market had Philadelphia an important trade in Ken¬ for some years been in a terrible condition tucky tobacco which had previously been the whole country urns in debt to England for the vast importations of iron and other Tldf iwi Pfrfrburg in returning wagons. Ibis trade, it was supposed, would be product of her manufactures shoved upon us greatly increased by the cheaper facilities under the operations of a low' tariff. Gold afiorded in transportation hy the eo.nin* and silver had disappeared and shin-plasters were used to carry on trade, the bonds of th» hGiTi; 'Ihat'yas then thought a great great State of Pennsylvania had been sold in str^J *ias e/eet Asher Foulke in 1794. __„ ___ Foulke sold a lot here to Matthew Gill politics. He died in Doylestown from a and who the same year sold to William chronic disease of the liver, in 1876. Burgess. These Bprgess lands became Andrew Scott sold to James M. Gathers in 1873, and who, the same year, transfer¬ J the property of John Rhoads in 1813. red to Preston Price. The next transfer was to Daniel Strad- ling, in 1819, who the same year sold to Fronting the old Lloyd farm and sep¬ Isaac Miller. The latter is said to have arating it from tbe Academy lane was a come from Virginia to Hilltown, where narrow strip of territory which was in he married Elizabeth Thomas. He was New Britain, but which in colonial times f Wm a noted fence maker. Alter his death belonged to a large plantation on the his widow sold the lot to John Ross in Warwick side. In 1799 Benjamin Kirk 1829, and afterwards married Eleazar sold this to Lewis Lewis. In 1802 Lewis Bitting, who kept store for many years conveyed to John Pennington. In 1808 at New Britain village. She died in the will of Pennington ordered sale of so 18G2. Her son, Thomas Miller, traveled much ofhis landsaswereinNewBritain. Since then this strip, including the lot of j the highways and byways of Warrington | and Horsham as a peddler for twenty Albert Jones, has belonged in turn to a years, where he was known at every great number of owners—not less than a home, till death ended his tramps in dozen in number. 1890. Since the ownership of Jackson THE MERCER PROPERTY. ceased in 1849, this lot has been sold very I This property, at the junction of the many times, and a few years ago it was Dublin turnpike and the Easton road, owned by Father Stommel, the Catholic priest. Peter Jackson also owned the has long been one of the most finely im¬ lot of twelve acres adjoining, more re¬ proved in the vicinity of Doylestown. cently held by Albert J. Jones. This The handsome dwelling is surrounded was sold by Jackson in 1849 to Tobias with a beautiful lawn, adorned and Weisel. Since then there have been shaded by trees,shrubbery and flowering transfers: 1850, Weisel to Robert M. plants. Cook’s Run flows in front of the Lovett; 1857, Lovett to James M. Cad- mansion,its vagrant waters curbed with¬ wallader; 1859, Cadwallader to William in a walled channel and crossed by Steckel ; 1866, Steckel to Albert J. Jones. rustic bridges. This has long been the THE LLYOD FARM. property of Mrs. Mary R. Mercer, one of the daughters of Hon. Henry Chapman, Some three or four hundred yards who married William R. Mercer. northwest of the Academy lane there This was contained within the limits of stands an old stone farm house surround¬ the Good plantation, and was afterwards ed by shade trees. In a depression west I held by the Shaws. In 1794 Thomas Good of the dwelling stands the stone spring sold 59 acres, including this to Cadwal- house. This spring is one of the sources I lader Foulke. John Shaw became the of Cook’s Run. Part of the farm land owner about the beginning of the present ! slopes rapidly to the northwest. | century. He held two pieces of 45 and 12 This was the Blankenhorn farm during acres, the latter obtained in 1803 of Jona¬ the earlier decades of the present cen¬ than Good and David Kirkbride. The tury, and in colonial times was the Shaws lived here for nearly thirty years. Beal homestead. In 1794, after their In 1821 the executor of J ohn Shaw sold to mother’s death, Joseph and William William Shaw, one of the sons. In 1828 Beal sold their house and thirty acres to it came into possession of Joseph Clark. John Blankenhorn. At that time Joseph After his death his executors, lived in Loudon county, Virginia, and .Samuel Kachline and John B. ; f William in Warwick. Blankenhorn paid Pugh, soldi to James Clark. There- iB £235. We find the name of this John after the transfers were: 1853, James ‘ I Blankenhorn appended as a witness to Clark to John Weikle; 1853, Weikle to ' the marriage certificate of James Mere¬ William Beck, founder of the Industrial -e k dith, of Warwick, and Abi Fell, of Buck¬ Exposition of 1855; 1856, Sheriff Charles ’ ' ingham, before Alderman Hillary Baker Feliman seized Beck’s property and sold in Philadelphia, in 1792. He lived on to John V. Watson; 1870, Watson to Mary this small farm for many years. His R. Mercer. e. m. will was registered September 10th, 1822. Probably he had no children. Mention i is made of sisters, Mary Johnson and Martha Blankenhorn. In 1829, his exe¬ far'try&i/, cutors, Jonathan Large and David Strad- Img, sold to Massey Brock, for $1200. Since then nobody held it for anv length (P». of time, except John Llyod, who was the owner for sixteen years. The transfers if#-. - i have been 1828, John Brock to John Mc¬ Intosh ; 1833, McIntosh and wife Pamela to Henry Clymer, who had married L0CALHIST0EY7 Esther, daughter of Hugh Meredith, of Buckingham; 1839 Clymer to John Tlie Plantation of Clejnenit Doyle—Ricli- Bollinger; 1854, Bollinger to John Llyod. ard Doyle—John Swartzlander_ The latter was the father of E. Morris Llyod, the well-known lawyer, who died Abraham Del]), | m Doylestown of a cancer in 1874. At first a Democrat, he afterwards became Clement Doyle was one of the three of prominent in Republican local politics. that family who came from Ireland at an The ownership of John Lloyd lasted till [early date and were among the first set¬ 1870 when he sold to Andrew J. Larue The latter sold in 1871 to Andrew Scott." ters of this region. The home of Cle- Larue was from New Jersey in early [ment, however, was two miles northwest life, and during his residence in Bucks of that of Edward and William Doyle. I county, he was active in Democratic It was in the Pine Run Valley, on the southeast side of that stream, just; that he may have been employed south of the later Swartzlander mill, t mill of his father-in-law, who for sev Here is a two-story stone house, now. years prior to the Revolution, owned 1 later Swartzlander mill. Freed died atl owned by Lemuel Carwithen. The farm j the early ageqj' thirty-two, on the 21st of) lands slope up the valley towards the December, 177z, and was interred inthej southeast. old Day burying ground on the Plum-! . stead side of the Dublin turnpike. There' It was in 1733 that Clement Doyle his tombstone may be seen to this day. . bought 148 acres of Joseph Kirkbride, on after married Gabriel Depart of a greater tract bought by the Swartzlander. She survived also herj ti latter of the society lands in 1729. On the second husband, and died September) 18th, 1827, at the age ot eighty-four. Her r nortlrwest side for 148 perches was the maiden name was Stout, and she was land of William Wells ; on the northeast stout and strong in reality. Tradition for just half a mile was the line of Rich¬ says that she could easily carry a three- ard Penn ; on the southeast for 148 perches bushel bag of wheat or corn into the mill. was the other land of Kirkbride, the later It may readily be perceived that Freed’s Chapman farm, and on the southwest was portion of the old Doyle farm soon camel the line of John Riale, half a mile in into possession of Gabriel Swartzlander, length. The Doyle purchase extended to iv ho married his widow. The history of j the present cross road, running past the the farm for the next generation is merg¬ school house, and on the northwest was ed ih that of the Swartzlander estate. In the line of the presentroad near Pine Run. 1813 John Swartzlander, son of Gabriel, Clement Doyle remained the owner for received this from his father. The latter ■ > a lifetime, or nearly forty years. In 1746 was born September 26th, 1774, and died he diminished the size of his plantation before mid-life, on the 18th of April, 1815, by selling 43-1 acres to Thomas Holcombe. ; of typhoid fever. He lies buried with This was a narrow strip 800 feet wide but others of the name at the Mennonite, half a mile long, lying along the present meeting house. -The children of John Dublin turnpike. It became afterwards Swartzlander were two daughters, Deb- incorporated with the Swartzlander raii and Ann. The latter became the lands. Doyle doubtless made the first; wife of Hon. William Godshalk, after-] __ improvements on the Carwithen place, i wards Congressman for four years from ana built a house in or soon after 1733. this District. Deborah married Abraham He was a Baptist and his name and that Delp, and lived on her father’s home¬ of his wife Margaret appears on the list stead. The present Cai withen house was of twenty-three constituent members of built by John Swartzlander, about 1811, New Britain church, organized Novem¬ a short time before his marriage to Mary ber 28th, 1754. Their names appear also! Overpeck, of Springfield, and in fact avas • in the list of forty-nine members in 1770. not quite completed at the time of his His death took place in the early spring death. The older Doyle house was at a of 1772, and his wife survived him. In] little distance away from the site of the his will, registered April 11,1772, mention! present dwelling. The spring near by is is made of three sons, John, Jonathan a very lasting one in time of draught. and Richard, and of two daughters, Re- i The Swartzlander family came into pos¬ - becca and Margaret Evans. To Richard session of this house and 48 acres here v was devised his real estate, comprising soon after 1806 by purcfiase of heirs of a 105 acres in New Britain. The others re¬ Ann Schweitze, who had bought of ft *ceived legacies ; the daughters £18 each Morris Morris in 1797. Morris bought of r and the sons £60 each. These sons all Hiram Good in 1794, who had held the s soon disappeared from the township, and Doyle homestead since 1772. < their names do not appear on the list of This property was owned by Abraham • taxables or signers of the oath of alle¬ Delp for may years, or till 1842. In that giance. Jonathan married Ann Mathew, year his heirs conveyed to another Abra¬ daughter of John Mathew, on the 11th of ham Delp, his son. The second genera¬ January, 1769, and afterwards removed tion of Delp ownership passed away, to the Buffalo Valley. Richard only held and in 1879 his administrators con¬ bj-ief possession of his inheritance, as the; veyed 71 acres to Lemuel Carwithen, the same year he sold it in two pieces. One present owner. e. m. of these was 70 acres, which he conveyed to the second Thomas Good. This was from the southwest side of the farm ad¬ joining the Riale property, and twenty- ^ At' • /& one acres of it was sold in 1794 by Good to Joshua Riale. fjij* In 1772 Doyle also conveyed the re- j mainder of his land, comprising 35 acres on the northeast side, to Abraham Freed,! $ o^C^j , Q? , / 5 / — a miller, for £131—a price that indicated no buildings. This was a narrow strip, THE SCHWENKFELDERS. but half a mile long. A PAPER READ BEFOR^ THE BUCKS Concerning this Abraham Freed we COUNTY HIS'DORiq/fL SOCIETY BY have only a slight knowledge. He was a young man, and owned some other ISAIAH A. AHDiprCS. land along the Plumstead line. There is Before presenfttig to your notice the a large family of Freeds in Montgomery subject of this paper it may be well to county. They are descended from Jan Freed, a Hollander and a Mennonite, refresh the mind with some of the great historical events of the past in order who came to America about 1730 and set¬ that we may better comprehend the tled in Skippack. Some of his descend¬ results that followed; events of great ants are in Bucks county. The wife of Abraham Freed was Salome, daughter of moment and following each other in Jacob Stout. She was born in 1743. The such rapid succession that nations Iked with Orest, paying them ror their lancT the next revolution of the wheel of time and concluding a treaty which was would unfold, and well may the stu “never sworn to and never broken”— dent of biBtory stop and ponder with and while many of the colonists in the 'amazement at the magnitude of the new world located for motives of pe¬ result these changes wrought in the cuniary interest and self emolument, history of the world. religious liberty being a secondary con¬ The discovery of America by Colum¬ sideration, Pennsylvania was to be bus was the first link in the chain of the home of those to whom religious events that followed each other with liberty was the prime factor in the kaleidoscopic swiftness, and even the pursuit of happiness and future wel¬ most bigoted skeptic is almost com¬ fare. pelled to admit that it seemed as There is no spot in all this broad though this was the plan laid out by land wherein there may be found such the Author and Finisher of the Uni¬ a great variety of sects as within the verse to prepare a haven of refuge for limits of the grant allowed William the persecuted and down-trodden peo¬ Penn. This is not to be marveled at ple of the world. The slumbering fires when we recall the fact that to this end of religious dissension had not then Penn labored, while even in New Eng¬ broken forth to any marked extent, land the Puritans, who themselves had with the exception of the expeditions ofj endured the pangs of persecution, were the Crusaders some centuries before, inclined to persecute those who took m and the couquest of the Moors by Fer¬ exception to their views. So many! dinand and Isabella of Spain, just prior and various are the sects that it will be to the discovery of America by Colum¬ unnecessary to name the leading de¬ bus. nominations, wh@ are well known to We will now pass to another event all the members of this society. The of great historic interest which con¬ Moravians are comparatively well vulsed entire Europe and opened a known, so also the Mennonites, but the scene of strife and dissension, blood¬ Amrisfa, the Harralites, and finally the shed and death, sorrow and desolation, Schwenkfelders, of whom this paper that the nations trembled with fear at will treat, are unknown, except prob¬ the possible final result, and in which ably in name only, to most persons, kings and emperors, plebian and patri¬ even to those with whom they come in cian, side by side, took issue and bravely daily contact. Probably many or all of awaited the fate in store for them. the members of your Historical So¬ Such was the actual state of affairs ciety may in a measure be conversant ushered in by the advent of the Re¬ with the local history of the Sebwenk- formation inaugurated by Martin Lu¬ felders, but few know of their past, of ther, the history of which, with its the ignominious brutalites and suffer¬ succeeding train of events, consisting ing they were the subjects of, all for of persecution, unflinching steadfast¬ the view they took in reference to the ness to principles as involved in relig¬ Scriptures. ious belief, hunger, torture, the hor¬ Tue founder of this peculiar people rors of the inquisition, separation of was one Caspar Schweokfeld, who was family, friend and relative, and finally born in the year 1490, in a little village death itself, formed another massive called Ossing at that time, but now link in this ponderous chain of events, known as Ossig, in the Principality of which terminated by these devotees of Liegnitz, in Lower Silesia. He was a the faith they so much loved, even nobleman, ranking high in court cir¬ unto death, seeking for a spot on this cles. He was educated at Cologne and earth where they might enjoy this one lived for a number of years at various great boon without fear or molesta¬ universities oa the continent, where tion, and which was found by the first his favorite studies were theology and band of religious exiles on New Eng¬ the writings of the church fathers. land’s rock bound coast on the 21st of After leaving the various universities December, 1620. he started on a course of travel, visit¬ ing many German courts, devoting Passing along over the pages of his¬ some years to the culture which in hi tory we stop at another important time was supposed to benefit his rank, epoch, and we see the picture of a man qualifying himself for knighthood and in plain garb standing before Charles becoming a courtier. While yet a young the II of England entreating for a spot man he entered the service of Carl, in the new world to be given him where Duke of Munsterberg, at whose court! he might found a settlement for those the doctrines of John Huss were re to whom civil and religious liberty was ceived, and by none more heartily than a priceless boon. by the young knight aDd courtier. m The King yields to the petition and They made a lasting impression upon bow the scene changes, and we see the his mind and doubtless gave direction same unassuming man beneath the to his future life and labors. wide spreading branches of an elm tree in conference with the red man of Being unfitted by bodily infirmities mm* •■I for knightly duties he quitted the to ling vice of the Duke of Muusterberg trines in public discussions witb became Counsellor to Frederick II, learned men and before the magistrates > Duke of Liegnitz, whom he served in at Augoburg, Nurnburg, Strasburg --Vmhat capacity a number of years. The¬ and Ulm and other cities. His life ology. however, had stronger attrac¬ was one of unremitting labor. Be¬ tions than affairs of State. He made sides preaching he maintained corres¬ the acquaintance of many theologians pondence with learned men and those who— were —d s if ting -in the— direction—- of-m high in rank throughout Germany and the Reformation, and under the influ¬ ■ Switzerland. ence of such associations and the im¬ After thirty-six years of severe toil pressions already received he withdrew with voice and pen, he died at the city .from the ducal court and was chosen ■' of Ulm, on the 10th of December, 1562, Canon of St. John’s Church at Luck leaving a name unspotted by any ni z. charge except that of heresy and that Luther had now withdrawn from the only in respect to his doctrine. His Church of Rome and his doctrine at¬ opponents accorded him tne praioe of tracted the attention of Schwenkfeld, possessing great learning combined who fell in with Luther upon the is !i with modesty and piety. Although sues at stake, and he forthwith re the purpose was never entertained by nouoced his position as canon of St. Schwenkfeld to establish an indepen¬ |John’s and became an evangelist. dent sect, he had, so far as successful While Schwenkfeld was not inclined to teaching was concerned, prepared the be a controversialist,it was not long be¬ way for it. Many clergymen, noble¬ fore be and the great Reformer began men and other influential and learned to differ on points of doctrine, which men throughout Silesia and Germany eventually led to a meeting between and other localities, especially at Lieg¬ the two at Wittenberg, in September, nitz and Jauer, the almost entire popu¬ 1525, where a personal interview was lation embraced his doctrine, but their held, resulting in a seeming agreement prosperity was short lived. State rea¬ on the question at stake, but which sons inclined the Princes’ to favor the eventually drifted them far apart. larger following of the other Reform¬ Trouble now began to thicken. Cut ers, even Frederick II, whose friend¬ off from fellowship with the Lutherans, ship for Schwenkfeld had never abated, Schwenkfeld was none the less an out¬ yielded to the dominant influences and cast from the Catholics. Even Ferdi¬ dismissed the court preacher, but nand, King of Bohemia and Hungary, while he lived he exercised no severity and afterward Emperor of Germany, to the people in his dominions. whose liberality to the Protestants After his death they fared worse. brought him into disfavor at Rome, They came into dire disfavor with both could not tolerate his doctrine, and Protestants and Catholics. They were consequently ordered the Duke of called Schwenkfelders in derision—a Liegnitz to suppress Schwenkfeld and ■ name which they accepted—and they his teachings, Silesia being tributary at were stigmatized by almost every name ? Ithat time to the Bohemian Kings. supposed to convey reproach. Freder¬ * i But the friendship formed while he ick III, who sueceded to the Princi¬ ‘ »• was counsellor to the Duke forbade pality at the death of Frederick II, de¬ I compliance with the King’s edict. But termined to stamp them from his do¬ | • while the Duke disobeyed the command minions and consequently issued a de¬ ) of the King to repress Schwenkfeld, be cree against them imposing among J was powerless to protect his friend, and other things a flue of 500 florins upon '’therefore urged him to retire from Siie- any person who would harbor a j sia for a time, until toleration should Sehsvenkfelder, at the same time order¬ i be granted once more at the royal ing all their books to be seized and \ court. burned. I After receiving this kindly advice These stringent measures bad an ef¬ from his friend and heretofore protec¬ fect quite contrary to that intended. tor, Schwenkfeld left Silesia in 1529 for The number of Schwenkfelders in¬ a tour through Germany, and as it af¬ fct creased rather than diminished. Perse¬ terward proved, never to return to his cutions followed persecution until f native land. This event then gave rise about the year 1580, when it seemed to a statement circulated by bis ene¬ that every ingenuity that man could mies at the time, and has since been devise was employed to exterminate repeated by some German writers, that these people. No clergyman would 1 he had been expelled by the Duke at solemnize their marriages; they were the solicitation of the King, but which dragged about in chains, both men was refuted, both by him by the fact of and women, and leading men were ex¬ his continued friendly correspondence pelled from the country. They were with the Duke until the latter’s death arrested and imprisoned in dungeons, From that time on he moved about where many died from starvation, cold and violence. Others contracted dis- W'& ' -from eases from which they afterward died. property and the police regulations to Large numbers were sent to Vienna prevent their emigration, they were and there condemned without trial to \ )4 obliged to leave tbeir property behind, serve in the wars with the Turks or as except such as could be carried upon oarsmen on the Mediterranean galleys their backs or on wheelbarrows. Tbe^ and thus passed the weary years untilra less provident, who had laid up little■ the outbreak of the Thirty Years’ War, ’ or no money, found themselves in great when the Schwenkfelders accepted the destitution among strangers. They horrors of that prolonged struggle of a were, however, hospitably received grateful change from the cruelties of and entertained by Count Zenzendorf, religious persecution. and soon after their arrival they re¬ After the peace of Westphalia the ceived assistance from unknown friends old persecutions were increased with in Holland. renewed vigor. Amid all these perse¬ The assistance received from Hol¬ cutions, without organization,robbed of land led to a correspondence with their their books, which had been burned, Dutch benefactors, who strongly ad¬ they maintained their faith for more vised emigration to Pennsylvania. than two centuries. Toward the close Some had already purchased homes in of the 17th Century this period of in¬ Lusatia, but subsequent events proved tolerance relaxed, large numbers of the that the hand of persecution would soon follow them even to this tempor¬ ■ young entered the other Protestant de¬ nominations, and from that time the ary shelter. It was ascertained that Schwenkfelders gradually decreased, application had been made for their en¬ until the year 1718 they numbered forced return to Silesia, and their pres¬ only a few hundreds, where formerly ence would not be tolerated in Lusatia ■ they had been counted by thousands, after the following spring. Soon after and had disappeared entirely from the announcement that protection many towns where they had been nu¬ would be withdrawn, two families emi¬ merous. grated to Philadelphia, in Pennsylva¬ It was not difficult for the enemies nia, where they arrived on the 18th of of the Schwenkfelders to persuade September, 1733. Their report of the Charles VI that the treaty of West¬ country and the advipe of the friends phalia in its interdiction of religious in Holland determined about forty persecution did not protect the families to follow them. They then Schwenkfelders. An imperial edict to journed to Holland,arriving in Haarlem this end, that of compelling them to on the 6th of June. Here they were return to the State religion, was is¬ received with open arms and hospitably sued. Consternation seized the people entertained by tbeir benefactors of for¬ and persecution stalked throughout mer years. the land. Women were placed in Just here it will be proper to men- % stocks and compelled to lie in cold tion a circumstance showing that rooms in winter without so much as “bread cast upon the waters will re- V straw under them. Marriages were turn after many days.” This was forbidden, and when young people shown by the disinterestedness of a went into other countries to be mar¬ mercantile house in Haarlem composed of three brothers named Von Byus- ried they were imprisoned on their re¬ i chause. Tbeir attention to the strang¬ turn. The deed were not allowed ree ers were not limited to Seeing that Christian burial in the churchyards ,tbe their actual wants were supplied; they where their ancestors for many genera¬ 3C0 endeavored by personal attention to nt0 tions slept, but were required to be in make the stay of the party enjoyable, rne terred in cattle-ways, and sorrowing The little ones especially came in for a i to ■ friends were forbidden to follow the full share of their kindly offices. Part It remains even to these ignominious of the contributions which had been jjed resting places. Hundreds of Schwenk¬ sent for the relief of the destitute re¬ fish felders were so buried for a period of mained unexpended and those having '.be 20 years, and to prevent escape from it in charge offered to return it to the ^ j the horrible situation the people were m donors. The Messrs. Von Byuscbause forbidden to sell tbeir property or un¬ would not listen to the offer, but di¬ der any pretext to leave the country, rected the fund to be expended for the ) and severe penalties were denounced benefit of the poor people when they against anyone who should assist a should arrive in Pennsylvania, and not Schwenkfelder to escape. They there¬ content with all they had done they fore resolved to escape at all hazards. insisted upon providing at their own The exodus commenced in the month j expense a vessel for the transportation of February, 1726. During that and of the whole company to Philadelphia the following months upwards of 170 and defraying the entire expense of the families escaped by night from the voyage. The descendants and success¬ different towns and villages of Silesia, ors of the Messrs. Von Byuscbause met and fled on foot to Upper Lusatia, then with reverses in the year 1790. Infor¬ a portion of Saxony. In cousequenee mation of this fact coming to the the prohibition of the sale of ichwehKieiaers id rennsylvania, enjoyed absolute freedom and in grateful remembrauce of tbe kind¬ measure of prosperity that promised; ness shown them in childhood more better things in tbe future thin the than half a century before raised a restoration of their estates in Silesia. large sum of money and sent it to the They continned hy untiring industrylo relief of the distressed bouse. accumulate of the wealth and laud of; Tbe emigrants remained at Haarlem their newly chosen home and have not enjoying tbe munificent hospitality of oeen deficient in giving to their adopt¬ the Messrs. Yon Byuschause uutil ed countrymen of intellect and social the 19th of June, then proceeded to standing, and men who have been, be¬ Rotterdam,where they embarked on an come famous in church and state. English ship, the St. Andrew, which Their bouses of worship are plain bad been chartered for them by their and primitive, no display of architec¬ large-hearted friends, and touching at tural beauty or costly finishings—no Plymouth, England, they arrived in gilded dome or tapering spire—no Philadelphia on tbe 22nd of September, chime of bells to summon the faithful 1734. On the next day all male per¬ to worship. But with simplicity and sons over 16 years of age proceeded to humility they worship tbe God of their tbe State House and there pledged al¬ fathers as in days of yore. To attend legiance to George the II, King of one of their services is certainly im¬ Great Britain, and his successors, and pressive on account of its rural sim¬ of fidelity to the proprietor of the Pro-1 plicity, notwithstanding the stranger vince. They spent tbe24th in Thanks-™ would pause in reverence at the bumble giving, for deliverance from the hands manner of worship. Tbe male and fe¬ of their persecutors. This day was set male portions of the assemblage occupy apart to be observed by them and their separate parts of the house. Their mu¬ descendants through all time and is observed to this day. This little band sic is of the kind that would indicate who had passed through so many trials AM the singing of a requiem (being mostly together were now to separate. Some in a minor key), and a feeling of sad¬ settled in the present limits of tbe city ness pervades the place. of Philadelphia, in tbe neighborhood The Sch wenkfelders are given most¬ of Chestnut Hill; others in tbe present ly to agricultural pursuits, and son counties of Montgomery, Berks and follows father in tbe same line genera¬ Lehigh. It is needless to dwell on the tion after generation. They are thrifty privations and hardships of the first and economical, and as a consequence few years. They were such as fell to it is a rarity to find a poor Schwenkfel- the lot of all the early settlers of Penn¬ der. Their farms are models of what sylvania, but this was as naught to tbe can be accomplished, and they take persecutions through which they came. great pride in their barns and stock. It was natural to expect that the re¬ They are peaceable and law-abiding maining Schwenkfelders would speedily and shun strife and legal broils. They follow their emigrant brethren, but take care of their poor, and none who such was not the case. A change of remain in tbeir fold is ever thrown tactics on the part of the authorities of upon public charity. Ho poor man or w Silesia gave a comparative rest for a beggar ever approaches in vain for few years. The hour of final deliver food or shelter at tbeir door, nor ance had come. In a short time turns away in distress. Charles the II paid tbe debt of nature It may be very properly asked why and Frederick the Great proclaimed they do not increase in numbers as religious freedom in the long mis-gov- otheri denominations, and can be ans¬ erned principalities. He was not con¬ wered by sayiug that they never ask tent to merely stop religious persecu¬ any persons outside of those born in tions, but endeavored to redress the tbeir faith to become a part of them— damage even at the expense of the roy¬ while many of their young have been j al treasury. For that purpose he is¬ received into other denominations. Some of them have risen high on the ■ sued an edict in 1742 which reflects the highest honor upon himself, and when pinnacle of fame—others have risen to tbe insignificance of their numbers is prominence in other professions, hav¬ considered, pays a flattering tribute to ing ably filled positions of responsibility the worth of the exiled Scbwenkfelders. and trust. Some have been elected to In this edict everything of which they represent their districts in tbe balls of had been deprived of, even to the re¬ Congress, some in tbe Senate and House turn of land property and money value, of Representatives at Harrisburg ; was to be returned and full protection others have risen to prominence at tbe in every form was to be granted them, bar of justice, even to the filling a but much as they loved their father- place on the Supreme bench; many land, none of the Schwenkfeld-rs in have become scholars of note, having Pennsylvania availed themselves of the attained proficiency in the arts and royal invitation. They had become at¬ sciences. Borne have risen to emi¬ tached to the government in which nence in the science of medicine, and ■M ■185,) from °ue ^ | latter was particuiariynotim^^hTMiU power of the people to bestow, namely, ford township, Bucks county, for many that of the Governor of the State of years previous practically a German set¬ Pennsylvania, and was even a nominee at one of the conventions for the high tlement. A thrifty money-making class est position iu the gift of the people o with large families who intermarried and the United States—a brave and tried settled there, they became averse to direct soldier who fought his way from cona- taxation. [ parative obscurity to that of a Genera The “house” tax which led to the Mil¬ — I refer to the late John F. Hart- ford rebellion encountered at once fierce ranft. opposition, especially among the parsons, Some years since the Schwenkfelders who regarded it as a great damper on the sent one of their representative men to matrimonial ventures of their people—a Silesia to ascertain what had become of the estates left behindhand the prob great mine of wealth in church reckon¬ able result of an effort to recover the ings. One Rev. Jacob Eyerman, fresh wealth left behind in their flight. He from Germany, came out in a violent man¬ returned with no hope of its recovery, ner against “house” taxation. In Penn- owing to the proclamation which had sylvania Dutch, the welding together of been made by Frederick for the return the different dialects of German States and of the Schwenkfelders to their estates Switzerland, accented with a slight admix¬ and wealth, and which had not been ac¬ ture of English to give it flavor, he man¬ cepted by them. In conclusion, aged to make them understand that the what more fitting or appropriate words can be said of them than is contained National Government only made these iu those admirable stanzas of Mrs. laws to rob the people and that they were Hemans, so familiar and yet never nothing but a party of rogues or “Spitz V wearying : bubes.” The parson had no house to as¬ “Not as tbe conqueror comes,they,the true heart¬ sess, but when told his books were to be ed came; Not with roll of stirring drum and the trumphet taxed made reply—“that he would bring that sings of fame; the agent of the law a Latin, Greek or He¬ Not as the flying come, in silence and in fear: [They shook the depths of the desert gloom with brew book and that if he could not trans¬ their hymns of lofty cheer. late it he would slap him with it about the What sought they thus afar, bright jewels of the mine? ears till it would fall into pieces.” Still |The wealth of seas? the spoils of war? they Eyerman was a good preacher and ortho¬ sought a faith’s pure shriDe. .y! call it holy ground, the soli where first they dox enough to pray for the government in , trod; They have left unstained what there they found the pulpit, but all during the week his 1 —freedom to worship God.” prayers took different shape. Sooner than submit he avowed his willingness to hang his black coat on a rail, fight for the whole week and preach on Sundays. A war¬ rant being issued for his arrest with several other ringleaders, he was conveyed to the Sun Tavern in Bethlemen, for safe | >a. keeping, in March, 1799. After the rescue : ')ee from here he fled to New York, but being JJj® IFor the American.] particularly wanted on a charge of con¬ THE MILFORD REBELLION AGAINST HOUSE TAX— spiracy, he was brought back, imprisoned LED BY JOHN FRIES. for one year with a tine of ?>50 and to enter security for future conduct. In April, 1799, the hero of the Milford John Fries, whose opinions coincided rebellion, John Fries, was captured in a with those of the fighting parson, was the swamp near Bunker Hill, betrayed in his most active orgajiizer of the insurgents hiding place by the affectionate treason of in the Milford rebellion. He was a cooper his little dog “Whiskey.” He was a na by trade, talked well and was very popu¬ tive of Hatfield township, Montgomery lar. Adopting the occupation of a “ven- i . county, but after his marriage removed due crier,” in company with his little dog to Milford and built a little log cottage for Whiskey, he traversed the country sides, his bride ou the lands of Joseph Galloway, presiding at many town meetings, where the traitorous foe of the Patriots of 1776.— his off-hand eloquence swayed the multi¬ As early as the year 1775, the Germans tudes. Arme'd with an immense horse numbered half the population of Pennsyl¬ pistol, attended by his faithful lieutenants, vania. As a class they were men of edu¬ Getman and Heany, the country was cation, strong enthusiasts of church song scoured in search of assessors. At a meet¬ and universally loyal to the American ing in John Kline’s house, to consider the cause. Yet withal too aggressive in some question of house taxes, Fries threatened of their special claims aftertvards. The to shoot a man named Foulke through the MR •iegs, if Tie persistedTnTlasaeasment. On another occasion at a public vendue, he compelled an officer named Clarke, to ■PomsTowN Democrat step out, or he would commit him to an DOYLESTOWN, PA., JAN CARY 10. 1888 “old stable to feed on rotten corn.” In vain the government tried to propitiate iThe Boundaries of the Commonwealth of the rebels by changing the assessors or allowing the people to choose for them¬ / j Pennsylvania. selves. Fries declared he would never submit—that he could raise COO men in one A PAPER READ BEFORE AN INTER STATE HISTORI¬ CAL MEETING OP THE HISTORICAL SOCIETIES OF hour to back his resolutions. In Milford BUCKS COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA, AND HUNTER¬ scarcely one could be found, bold enough DON COUNTY, NEW JERSEY, TUESDAY, JULY 26, to stand up for the efficacy of the law.— 1887, AT DEEP. PARK, SOLEBURY, BUCKS COUNTY, When matters come to a crisis by the im¬ PENNSYLVANIA, BY HON. J. SIMPSON AFRICA. prisonment of the fighting parson, and The boundaries of the Commonwealth of Pennsyl¬ many other suspects, in the Sun Tavern vania, as they are delineated on the maps of the at Bethlehem, Fries headed a company of present day, show more symmetrical outlines tbau 200 men inMilford,]who in martial uniform) those found in any of the other original colonies. They also show some peculiarities not met with elsewhere to the music of a fife and drum corps, pro¬ Beginning at Lake Erie, we trace the line southward ceeded to Bethlehem to rescue the prison¬ aloDg a parallel of longitude to the beginning of the ers. Right royally advancing, with a 42d degree of latitude, and theDce eastward along feather in his hat and sword by his side, that parallel to the Delaware river; thence down he halted his command of cavalry and in¬ along the meaoderings of that stream to a point -4 fantry at the bridge, where a deputation twelve miles distant from the court house in New¬ castle,'.Delaware, and thenco westward along the from the marshall tried to induce them to arc of a circle described from said court house, until withdraw from further lawless attempts. the line between Delaware and Maryland is inter¬ “We shall take our friends by force if sected ; thence due north to the northeast corner of necessary,” said Fries, “and fire away till Maryland ; thence westwardly aloDg another parallel the clouds of smoke obscure your vision. of latitude to the southwest corner of the Common¬ wealth ; thence due north to Lake Erie and north¬ He directed his companions to do the best east along the lake to the place of beginning. they could, as he expected to fall first.” The final adjustment of these boundaries was ac¬ Pending the negotiations with the deputa¬ complished after innumerable vexatious and expen¬ tion which seemed to be in order, Fries sive coutests extending over a century. These con¬ settled for “toll,” and soon stood before tests were sometimes attended with bloodshed and the Sun Tavern with his men. The mar¬ frequently resulted in the invasion of personal rights and the destruction of property. shall being overawed the suspects were at To properly understand these boundary disputes it liberty. At length the strong arm of the becomes necessary to refer to the claims of the Euro¬ military was invoked ; President Adams pean powers to dominion in North America. The sent a force to quell the rebellion, and to voyage of Columbus in 1492, under the patronage of put the law of direct taxes on houses, in the crown of Spain, and his discovery of the out-ly¬ ing island of San Salvador, stimulated other sover¬ effective operation. In April, 1799, John eigns to become patrons of navigators bent upon ex¬ Fries was captured in a swamp near Bun- peditions for the discovery of unknown lands toward her Hill, his whereabouts being discover¬ tbe„setting sun. The shrewd and thrifty Henry VII.,1 ed by the presence of his little dog Whis¬ of England, founder of the house of Tudor, then in key. He was tried for treason, found the prime of life, eagerly accepted the proposition of guilty and on a second trial, the judgment John Cabot, a Venetian merchant then residing at Bristol, to fit out an expedition. By patent granted being reaffirmed, was sentenced to be by the King, March 5, 1496, Cabot and his three hanged. He was afterwards pardoned by sons, Lewis, Sebastian and Sancioua, were author¬ President Adams, and returned to the ized “ to saile to all parts, countrys and seas of the famous log cottage on Boggy creek, re¬ East, of the West, and of the North, under our ban¬ suming his old occupation of vendue crier. ners and ensigns, with five ships, of what burden or quantise soever they may be, and as many mariners Again we meet him followed in his vari¬ and men as they will have with them in the ous wanderings by his little dog Whiskey, said ships, and upon their own proper costs and faithful patriotic services-during the re¬ charges, to seek out, discover and fmd whatsoever volutionary struggle, were the cause of isles, countreys, regions or provinces of the heathen executive clemency. On more than one and infidels, whatsoever they may be, and in what part of the world soever they may be, which before occasion, when the British held Philadel- this time have been unknown to all Christians.” [ phia, Fries distinguished himself by head- In an expedition under the command of Sebastian, ' ing a party of sturdy neighbors and inter¬ one of the sons, the western continent was touched cepting the English “light horse,” who at Labrador, June 24,1497. During subsequent voy¬ were driving stolen cattle to the city.— ages the coast was followed southward probably as far as Florida, Upon the explorations and discov¬ About 31 were convicted and sentenced to eries made by the Cabots and others navigators, rested various degrees of punishment for the the claim of England to the soil of the continent from Milford rebellion. Philip Lennon. **&>•- high Northern latitudes southward to Florida and in- y inland—but owingto caresalc borne demahd- ritain, (1660-1685,) from .J® lDg the attention of crown and subjects, little was motives of commercial policy, resolved to break the ™ done for more than a century thereafter toward the peace that had existed for many years between Eng¬ maintenance of the claim by actual occupancy. land and Holland, and with that view, proposed to The rich trade of iDdia engrossed the attention of reassert the English claim to the territory then occu¬ the ruling powers and commercial circles of Europe, pied by tbe Dutch on the western continent, and to and from efforts made to find a western passage by force them to relinquish their control of the same. water to that country, the navigators obtained a more Accordingly, on the 12th of March, 1664, King accurate knowledge of tbe coast lines of the continent Charles granted to his brother James, Duke of York which presented itself as an insuperable barrier in and Albany, a patent for ali the territory occupied their way. Under Elizabeth (1558-1603) several ex¬ by the Dutch east of Delaware bay. Colonel peditions were fitted out and voyages made to North Richard Nichols, Colonel George Cartwright, Sir America by Sir Humphrey Gilhert, Sir Walter Ra-: Robert Carre and Samuel Maderick were appointed ;v leigh, Goswald and others; but the attempts at colo¬ commissioners and dispatched iu August following nization resulted in failure, and practically nothing to seize upon New Netherlands (the designation was accomplished other than to add to the stock of given to the Dutch possessions). The forts upon the knowledge of the coast lines, and a formal assertion Hudson capitulated, and an armed expedition under of the claim of the crown to sovereignty over the Sir Robert Carre ascended the Delaware to capture New World. At the time of the death of Elizabeth, the Dutch defences there. Go the first day of Octo¬ not a single Englishman remained upon its soil. ber the Dutch peacefully surrendered. The articles Henry Hudson, who had previously made a voy¬ of capilulatiou protected the Dutch and Swedes in age from England in search of a northwestern pass¬ their estates, real and personal, and guaranteed them age, in 1609, being then in the employ of the Dutch liberty of conscience in church discipline as before. East India company, touched the continent near tbe Dutch control on tbe waters of tbe Delaware was the entrance of Chesapeake bay, followed the coast then permanently ended, with the exception of a to the mouth of the Delaware, and finding it shoal, brief interval from August, 1673, until the autumn continued northward toward Sandy Hook, entered of 1674. New York bay and passed up the river that now In June, 1680, William Penn petitioned King bears his name to the head of navigation above Al¬ Charles 1L, for the grant of a province iu America, OS, bany. A few years later other navigators under the on the west side of the Delaware. The prayer of the J same company explored the Delaware bay and river. petition was considered at several meetings of the H In 1623, the Dutch West India company which had Privy Council by the Chief Justice, Attorney Gene- I been formed in 1621, took possession of the region rai and other persons in author!y, and finally, all * visited by Hudson, including the Delaware or South questions having been examiued and settled, letters Kj river and the Hudson or North river. Fort Nassau, Patent were signed by the King, on the 4 b day of J near Gloucester point, New Jersey, was built in 1623, March, 1681. The territory granted is described under the direction of Captain Cornelis Jacobseu therein as follows : “All that Tractor Parte of land Mey, whose name is perpetuated in the designation iu America with all the Islands therein couteyned as of a prominent cape at the entrance of the bay. In the same is bounded on tbe East by Delaware River 1629, Samuel Godyn, by his agents, made a pur¬ from twelve miles distance Northwards of New Cas¬ chase of lands on the western side of the nay extend¬ tle Towne unto the three and fortieth oegree of ing from Cape Hindiop “upwards about eight Northerne Latitude, if the said river doeth extend large miles.” Two years later, in 1631, De Yries, soe farre Northwards. But if the said River shall under authority from Godyn, established a colony on not extend soe farre Northward, then by the said Lewes creek and buiit Fort Qplandt. The settle- ’ River soe farre as it doth extend, and from the head ment made within the limits of Godyu’s purchase of tbe said River, the Easierne Bi unds are to bee assumed tbe name of Zwanendai or “Valley of the determined by a Meridian LiDe, to bee drawne from Swans.” An unfortunate quarrel with the natives tbe head of the said River, unto the said three and resulted in their falling upon the little community fortieth degree. The said Lands to extend west¬ and putting them all to death. ward five degrees, in longitude to fcjee eomjuted fron Gustavus Adolphus II., King of Sweden, was tbe said Easterne Bounds, and the said Lauds to bee anxious to plant a colony in America, but before bounded on tbe North by the beginning of the three his plans were consummated be lost his life at the and fortieth degree of Northern Latitude, and o‘n the battle of Lutzen, November 6. 1632. Under the South by a Circle drawne at twelve miles distance patronage of bis daughter and successor, Queen from New Castle, Northward and Westwards unto Christiana, two vessels, with colonists, under the the beginning of the fortieth degree of Northerne command of Peter Menewe, (or Minuit,) proceeded Latitude, and then by a streigbt iine westwards to up the Delaware, in April, 1638, and began a settle¬ tbe Limitt of Longitude above meneoued.” ment near the site of the present city of Wilmington. Penn, on the 10th day of April, 1681, commissioned A fort and trading house were erected and called bis cousin William Markham, a captain in tbe British Christiana, in honor of the Queen. The Swedes soon army, as deputy and authorized him to go to tbe (3 after their arrival, purchased from the Indians all the newly acquired province, call a council, secure a rec¬ lands on the western side of the Delaware, from Cape ognition of Penn’s authority on the part of the in- >t' Henlopen to the falls of the Delaware at Trenton ; and habitants, to settle boundaries between adjacent prov¬ it was determined that all the land ceded should be¬ inces, etc. The Proprietary, discovering that his I'P long to the Swedish crown forever. A deed was exe- i province was remote from the ocean, and that access /- cuted and sent home to Sweden to be preserved in thereto by vessels could be gained only by long pass-, f the Royal archives. A second lot of colonists ar¬ ijge up the Delaware, became anxicu io secure title ' rived under Lieut. Col. John Printz, and subse-; to the remaining possessions of the Dune of York, lying between tbe province and the ocean. The quently, from time to time, the settlements received V accessions from the mother country. negotiations resulted In the Duke executing to Penn, The Dutch, resolving to regain their possessions on the 20th day of August, 1632, a quit-claim deed on the Delaware, in the fail of 1655, sent a fleet of- for all his estate and interest in the lands described armed vessels from New Amsterdam up the Dela¬ >" and granted by the charter of the 4th of March, 1681, ware, captured the Swedish defenses and assumed and on the 22J day of the same mouth, two other tbe government, of the colony, deeds, one for “Ail that the town of New Castle "** ~ w ^■1 __ | vJierwise called jjeiaware, ami all that tract of land more revived his claim to the- lying within the compass or circle of twelve miles ceived no more consideration than bad been given I about the same, situate, lying anil being upon the them by the Dutch ; but the contest, vexatious and ' river Delaware in America, and all islands in the expensive, was yet to be protracted for three-quarters | J said river Delaware, and the said river and soil of a century. J thereof, lying north of the southernmost part of the After fifty years bad beeu spent in futile efforts to jjaid circle of twelve miles about thesaid town;” and adjust the boundaries between Maryland and Penn¬ the other for : “ AH that tract of laud upon Delaware sylvania and the three annexed counties, both the fiver aod bay, beginning twelve miles south from the original proprietaries being dead, their respective rep¬ ' town of New Castle, otherwise called Delaware, and resentatives entered into an agreement on the 10ib | extending south to the »Vhorekiil.-*, oth; r v ,*•**b< ”eu •»re- was erected by Swimzlan'der inTste The simple problem c m,p .redVilh 1-0Dgltllde is a Of latitude. A hue ( | 1 6 kac,DS of a Hue earth is not a right or KS line frface of ths ^“d as at flrst ^eiiremo“/in ifiS by ! cqrve, chanpinu iine, bat is a regular course. MasonedSn” • ‘ eVer-y, PoiDt ab4 its land line, ran from tbeh-n"?I®1”118 lbe Mary" Tomb -Ber?ey ; 30 acres by his brother for about 28 miles At ,lnltla* P°int a straight line OvSofe^S X£& servatious foMat tudt wer.eD^0f that distance western end of the hne^nerf i th® error of the Pin,*Pd,‘;,II'r'!'r lles on tie north side or were made from the line rJn31!116^8Ud tbon offsels "hers lhe *“• *™» P»»M.l « SutI“«?;2?Se.°" “ ItawJrf ■ 01mm- s Dixon, tbeir m ' Cfa?rm by Mason and aassa-SS tially correct “fS He York St 9-UbSta“’ -s were found in tbe locals tw mi! DHFitzwatersolcl to areal set make good nefg^!bor«7°1111T* th.at “ good fences I T-«- in endeavoring to prese^?^ baS not b^ * lister commonweal*he h-s? ft P©ac8 with, dent landmarks w J e P^tuatiou of tbe an- dictions? * tbat defitJe lheir respective juris- Richard Mitchlfld "hf S#1 before 1SK* ¥r b»”gl« »1 aom?„1 CCylS &$&£&Z,o.Tin?* »"•« . (yX Safr^s ■ been seized by the sher^Pr°?ert-Tilad " 4S, Amos StricklLirf® ar|cl sold to I William Croasdale tICarejr aud |: Joshua Morris tlie tbeT solcl to mill for £393 ln V~ ^.’ bouse and a grist and Thomas *600?'Vithn s^thwest, Hill .id p„„^ab. Thomas Kirkbride on tim^' Yu Day arld riel Swartzlander—Thomas Hoi- combe—Jacob Stout. $ of Rock hill TheS ■gStefte’ti * ^ b TJJosopbe Presen LappteSruc in 187ftuS^ I seven VeS 4S®> "l'» Who put in new machinerv i?1? sssiP . owned by A,„„ B. Detail °’T Tie tam tad Ibiuaerly attached to a,. was sexton ot tbe S RHt"'artziauder Church and lies burierl im^1^111 baptist m .be listsTSlSi?^» j assessed' 1 for tmeen acres, whilst his | son Gabriel was assessed 193 acres. In the list of non-associates for 1776 we find; the names of Gabriel, Philip and Conard Swartzlander, a proof that the latter did not migrate to North Carolina till after the Revolution. After the death of Philip his little homestead was inherited by his .. daughter Margaret. At the death of the (2ks latter, her sister, the wife of Solomon Bochert, became the owner. Another daughter of Philip Swartzlander married Bate, ^ JL. Henry Hohlbain, a Hessfan soldier, and a deserter from the British army. His son Henry, who lived on the farm of LOCAL^HiSTORY. Rutledge Thornton to the age of nearly ninety used to say that when a child he Tlie Rlale Lands—The Bolinger and had lived at the Swartzlander mill. Gabriel Swartzlander owned a mill Gross Farms and farm in Pine Run for forty vears. He was aiMennonite, and lies buried in the John Riale was an original settler of| church yard of the meeting house nearby. New Britain. His posterity were numer-1 His death occurred on the 17th of July, ous and prominent in that township, or 1814, resulting from typhoid fever, then rather in that portion that became Doy-| prevalent. His children were John, Magdalena, wife of John Kratz, Jacob, lestown. A historical sketch concerning Katharine, Margaret, wife of -Stem, this John Riale and his descendants was Joseph and David. published by the writer several years ago. Salome, the mother of these children, is said to have been exceedingly benevo¬ It is sufficient here to recapitulate that lent in disposition, ever making gifts to John Riale bought his land, comprising her friends or to the poor. Joseph lived 296 acres, of Joseph Kirkbride in 1730 and at the mill, married Miss Strawn and died in 1748. This tract was a mile in had children, Abel, Catharine, wife of Abraham Pretz; Mary, wife of Harry width, extending from the Mennonite w Sigafoos, of Trenton, and Elizabeth, who meeting grounds across Pine Run Valley tei died single. Abel is a well-known citi-1 to the Ferry road. The homestead was zen of Doylestown township, living near! the Mennonite meeting house. at the present premises of I. B. Barnes. David Swartzlander lived on the These lands also are now included in the homestead farm and married Barbara properties of Abel Swartzlander, John r Walter. Had children, George, now of Bolinger, Isaac Rickert, William p Eureka, Susanna, wife of John Harris, ■ Thompson, Samuel Gross, part of that tIa and Captain Jacob Swartzlander, of of Robert James, besides several small mi Omaha. Jacob Swartzlander married lots. w i Miss Cope and had children, Joseph, ri; j Abraham, Salome, wife of Charles Ran¬ THE BOLINGER PLACE. (• dall ; Emily, wife of Augustus Murray ; This was originally part of the Riale Clara, wife of Robert Murray, of Bustle-' lands. Here are modern farm buildings ton, and Wilhelmina, wife of -Smith,! near the junction of two roads, and a Of these, Joseph was the father of Dr. Frank Swartzlander, of Doylestown; short distance southeast of Pine Run. Frederick, a lawyer of Omaha; Henry, This was a part which had come into pos¬ who has a sawmill at Yardley, and other session of Ann Schweitzer about the be¬ Children. The writer has not a list of ginning of this century, after the death descendants of the two daughters of of Richard Riale in 1804. In 1809 Valen¬ Gabriel Swartzlander. Besides his New tine Schweitzer bought of his brother Britain property he owned land in Plum- Simon. The latter was the owner till his stead, opposite, now included in the death in 1845. Four years later, in 1849, farms of Philip and John Kratz. Josiah Meredith bought from Schweit¬ In 1876 the executors of Joseph Swartz¬ zer’s estate sixty-two acres. The latter lander sold the mill and forty-one acres lived here eight years. He is remember¬ to Joseph Lapp. After making various ed as an excellent citizen. He passed the improvements, including the rebuilding closing days of his life at New Britain of the mill, Lapp sold the same and nine¬ village, where he died in 1872, and where teen acres in 1881 to Oliver S. Jacoby for his widow yet resides. John Bolinger, $11,500. Jacoby was a young man, but of Plumstead, bought of Meredith in 1857. died a few years later. In 1888 his ad¬ THE GROSS FARM. ministrators sold to Aaron B. Detweiler. This farm, which lies on the southwest The homestead farm has changed side of the highway, which separates it hands several times since 1845. In that from the Bolinger place, comprises 77 year David Swart lander sold 97 acres to acres derived from two pieces, but all Jacob Markley ; 1847, Markley to Jacob originally belonging to the Rialcs. Stover, of Nockatnixon; 1853, Stover to Thirteen acres were obtained from Josiah Franklin S. Cope ; 1872, Cope to Reuben Meredith in 1857, then owner of the latter Algard; 1874, Algard to Jacob K. Bergey Bolinger place. This was part of the the old house and 49 acres. e. m. ■plantation of Richard Riale, one of the sons of John Riale, the pioneer. The former was born in 1733, and died in 1834. His three sons were John, Joshua and Nathan. Between them they in¬ herited 150 acres, Joshua and Nathan held O/jnership in this portion. Nathan Riale G^'ved to Chester county before 1813, whom Mathias Soudbam pur- chased 35'acres. in ISVf farm land of ninety-si x acres socted by the highway and gen |southeastward from Pine Run. Along :pssp'Rachel, a daughter m'wl ’ad married thereby came inf Joshlla Riale and the summit level separating the valley ot Cook’s and PineiRun is a forest, mostly Ss^iSStf—s belonging to this property. It has been under rental for over forty years, aiid considering that fact, the farm is in quite f»Koh»?s„°Ch1dthiSrft^rs; good condition. The present occupant, able fortunes from theb^ Wit co"sider- James Moore, has been the tenant lor the a merchant ta o « n ,,bi0t er Robert, past sixteen years. J. Judson Evans has yellow fever, /n the c^vm?‘iClliklless> ^ tong been a resident of Philadelphia. in 1835. He ejected ^L /e^-0rleans- ISAAC EVANS. the residence of Abef twell!nS now Isaac Evans, the American ancestor of the family, was a Welshman, who emi¬ grated, tradition says, along with two ibrothers. The exact time of their arrival is not known, but he was an originalset- tlei ot (New Britain. The date ofhis pur¬ chase ot land was in 1731, when he bought Shepherd !Yh! SrC Y10 farm to Joseph 139 acres ot Joseph Kirkbride, bounded as follows: “Beginning at the south cor¬ fourteen years SS ) t l 5 owner for ner ot John Riale; then by Jeremiah Michael Hofffflan f 'ef d 1865 to Eanghorn southwest 185 perches; "then }-n by Evan Stephens northwest (13 perches- 'years thereafter a resign toffwi *?any and later of EarxsrGiA ot Dpylestown then by Sarah Harry 03 perches and bv (Robert! SheSlT«°ne ofdis sons, same northwest 39 perches and by same northeast 3 perches and northwest 3 (ther.,7 LansdaleTrepublican.eSC“° W PUbllSher ofv i Dunne- t.ha ooi.n«. _ perches and southwest 3 perches ; then man abfuthT8fi-rt1ner1ownershiP of Hoff- again by Sarah Harry northwest 45 perches; then by Thomas Morris north¬ east 122 perches ; then southeast by John wasawesbtedmAne-Tpl°^ of Hoffman Riale loO perches to beginning.” For followed, but tht ac?, s^Sting Court trial this T694 were paid and the deed was wit¬ nessed by David Edwards, Evan Steph¬ Hoffman died intestate JwnerecJeiveTdaRlilbalrightain the "farm, SmiPh after her deceases awas to go1 !;to SSSmds^SmeX’S "ofner* and wlTthecame of his cousin Isaac the writer ?uicS and 'gXToppoMbt1 S unacqnSed. There was one public Vtprmest “to John Mathew and David Stephen’s,deacons of New Britain church, the sum of £6 for the support of the minister.” His widow Margaret and his Brother David were made executors. 3 ,”SS,“rnms Daniel Evans, the second ss?%«t:Bstronger personality. Methodista bp first met ^fti^ewto converted him brother, we have alre,ady,g‘vfe L Mce countin a previous sketch ot the -Nice, Carr and other properties near 1 ountam- vil-le. DAVID EVANS. David, the third and youngest son of Isaac Evans, was born in 1738, and in¬ herited the- homestead. He married "Susanna Barton about 1766. Ho was X saeaSous, upright, thrifty, industrious, temperate in an age of intemperance SSfttSt ha few «'g» "“itlyTe and Became a wealthy man lor those m'U SSjWM STt’‘ Fl . thing less than P^nrcli This was very wi othlrland®, comprising 105 acres,Evan ri Stephens, Jr., and John Mas ? nlfhebought the former Harry place, now the Murray and Garges farms. In iKfi=fhe came into possession, from the C°BiritalM The “hot. oUhiold plantation of Edward Dovle. the late Riale property. It cou m be truly said that David Evans might a ‘SSffi? Si start from the banks of Pine Run and walk all the way on his own land to far within the present borough of "Doyles- town, which was a distance ot three miles. He was admitted as a member ot pS-SS-SfeA the New Britain church, October 29, God,” 'proceeding'thereupon to state h’s 1772, and soon became one ol its ruling doctrine. Williams, howevei, visely elders. His brother Daniel had joined m waived any argument by ^Xvans, to 1770. His name appears among those not worth whne for us, » • -“ seine who took the oath of allegiance, and in hold any controversy here, 11« - the assessment ot 1779 he is rated as the owner of 340 acres. « Concerning some features °* hl® l*te and the mental peculiarities of David Srft ensued, and th;disputes Evans, the writer will here copy from ‘l previous sketch, written a number ol years ago. Possessing the mental tem¬ perament and of an acute and vigorous mind, he had some how acquired con¬ siderable education. His S his . ot legal lore was superior to that of his Its V rustic neighbors, and which made \ useful to them. The legal documents, that he handled bear witness to the ©x- preached on that day, was q of- uni- 1 -cellence ol liis penmanship. The county I from now. Then, X ? nalitied by the ! sseat (then at Newtown) was distant, and ;i versal salvation was XlXworld there Vnthough never acting as justice ot the assertion that in the plenty of it for V-peace, he was the trusted counsellor, tne would be punishment and Pieny.g retri_ k ... an to whom people would go tor ad- sins committed here, l> to and not be, who wa/asked to settle estates, bution is to be ol a Men y itl iarge d become the guardian of XXnflbes vindictive character. embrace a >n. Where his strong prej numbers, w. re not / •e not concerned, his judgnmnt^y/a saM that the man who had vaiavation rest among a people of u i ' kLI* We on earth was to faro ®nt race and religion, that of the Men- I bate and lnttthe next life than the repro- nonites, a mile above Doylestown. His wlth.sf d tbe scol«idre]. Meanwhile, death took place May 14,1824, at the age the C;)l vii?eif tlUy’ tbe t"r° extremes of i«9cy'SIX*V Hls widow died February ists then ^tlCSeCtsand the Universal 19, 1828, at the age of eighty-five, and impercent.n?] t?d P.lantation ot 107 acres was also ris and James Evans, who signed a docn willed to his son James. A third planta¬ ment approving the proposal for a S tion ot 105 acres had long before come into \eisalist convention the following May ^°?fes?L0I\0f >?ls.son-in-law, John Riale. jOi the above signers, besides himself A fourth plantation ot 97i acres was will¬ ed to his grandson, Richard Riale. David andand°Ms his Sttather-m-law.^ther’ lVs In 1793 thev re- Evans also held an immense body ofland ^ba^ Wey had been able to hold county, West Virginia, amount- weekly meetings the most of the year mg io 2600 acres. This was willed to The report for 1802 says: “We have a Uyan Riale and the children' of Isaac HiL. The city of Wheeling is in Ohio I placeTvmf SG buiit in a convenient county. hniIhe yin X S:d(3 a public road and* Concerning Isaac Hill,the son-in-law of P.aV?d Evans, it is told that he went with his family of small children to the Red-/ eveT frWfS- atone Valley, Fayette county,about 18101 lo. He there died, andTtEe widow and;-, 17oom0ml,ontlhns in Philadelphil from small children had a time of poverty and luO to 180J, when the last was held hardship in returning by wagon to Bucks perioir^nd10!'1.8 WtS oierk during this comity. One of these children was James: E. Hill, long the owner of a farm at New Britain village, and which is now pos-, tTheEhv°inse ^ ™et f w^buUtllf^n sessed by his son George C. Hill, of Chal- font. The late David E. Riale, Esq., for many years a justice and prominent in the community at New Britain, was an¬ other grandson of David Evans. JAMES EVANS. ! gregation d i hjlails Poached to the con- fnf®-0? tlB.nis death m 1824, but after James Evans, of the third generation, tliG Piaster spirit was croup +!-»«. * was born in 1768. He was twice married, had gathered soon disappeared. first to a Miss Kerns: and second, to present at every convention of the Tin4 Rebecca Good. His children by the first verbalists from 1790 to 1824 Two of h,^ marriage were Kern, George, Hiram, pKdtVo^/sfigioUS Yates, Deborah and Susannah. The latter became Mrs. O’Neil, and went to .^Absolute predesCLn!’’ proached Tt New York city. Her sister became Mrs. Dunn, and removed to one ot the West¬ £Si^3 ern States. The sons all removed West and are now deceased, with the excep- \ tion ot Yates Evans, who lived and died v in Norristown. By the second wile were issiis Louessa, Sophia, Sal lie, Rebecca and J.Judson. James Evans remained wealthy in landed property and lived at the home¬ stead during a long life ot eighty years. s&=rvSB' His death took place, March 25, 1S48, and like his father, he was buried at the Mennonite graveyard. In his will of imaginative faculty which lend! I the 1844, mention is made of four farms. Tbe and beauty to comoositinn ™ grace homestead was left as a life possession of J. Judson Evans. The farm of 107 acres was devised to his sons Kern, reasoning,wnssr betraying much o?iniamore of « “ f George and Hiram. A larm of sixty acres was willed to his son, Yates—tlit later Nash property. A small farm of destitute of a devotional"or lyrical spirif 33 acres, one of those owned by A. L. Gehman, was left to his four daughters by bis second marriage, and with whom their father then lived. Of these, Louessa, sswjrss married Silas A.Kroner, Sallie became the mams of the pld preacher of universal wife of William Brunner and Sophia married Dr. John Rhoads, dentist of Doylestown. E M William Penn, tne owner of 500 acres of land in Solebury township. This deed is ' said to be still inexistence and is I think in the possession of the family of Ogden Blackfan, of Trenton. He married in i 1721, Elinor Wood, of Philadelphia, and settled in Solebury. Many prominent I names appear in the certificate of their marriage—that of the mayor. Surveyor General, Provincial Commissioner and | Attorney General. Soon after her son’s marriage, Bebecca married Nehemiah Allen, of Philadelphia, a, prominent citizen and mem her of the City Council William and Elinor Blackfan had six children, Crispin, named for his grand¬ mother’s family; Elizabeth, Bebekah, Sarah, William and Hanuah. At William’s death the tract was divided, Crispin taking the western half Read. Before the Bucks County His¬ and William the eastern. Crispin mar¬ torical Society, at Doylestown, ried Martha Davis and had nine children, one son, Edward, and eight daughters. January 17, 1893, toy Miss Eliza¬ Edward married Mary Smith and had beth C. Blackfan, of Solebury. four children, of whom three were sons, Crispin, Samuel and Joseph. Crispin Among the many friends and counsel¬ married and settled in Trenton, where ors of the great founder of our Com¬ his son’s family still reside. Samuel mar¬ monwealth, bound to him also by the ried Elizabeth, daughter of Moses East- burn. After his death the , homestead ties of kinship, mentioned frequently in was sold and passed ou‘ f the family the records of the Provides and the let¬ name. It is now owned oy Charles At¬ ters of William Penn, was one Edward kinson. Joseph studied medicine and settled at Badnor, Delaware county. Blackfan. This Edward Blackfan, whose His descendants live at Norristown. \ descendants still reside in Bucks county, William, fourth child of William and ' was the son of John Blackfan, of Sten- Elinor, married Esther Dawson, daugh¬ ning, Sussex county, Eogla.nd. The ter of Thomas Dawson, granddaughter Blackfans were among the early converts of John Dawson. The Dawson property to Quakerism, and both the Penn and lay two miles west of New Hope and Blackfan families attended the meetings consisted of 500 acres of land. It was at Itieid. They were connected through deeded to John Dawson in 1719, by Balph the Crispins, as Edward Biackfan’s wife, Jackson and Francis Harding. This Bebecca, was William Penn’s first cousin, property was left by Thomas Dawson to her father and Admiral Penn having ids grandsons, John and Thomas Black-; married sisters. fan. The original deed is the oniy one It is not strange that the ties of con¬ ever made and is still in the possession of sanguinity and of a like faith should the family. William and Esther had six grow into that warmth of friendship and children. Of the sons, John married confidence which was displayed in the Martha Quinby, of New Jersey. Thomas letters of the Proprietary during the last died unmarried. Jesse married Jane five years of Edward’s life. The Black- Deffendorf, of New York. William died fans seemed to have suffered like so many in 1796 and his wife in 1306. John, who others of that period for their religious married Martha Quinby, settled upon the faith, John Blackfan having been several estate his grandfather left him, near times fined for refusing to attend wor¬ New Hope. Be died in 1806, leaving one ship or pay tithes, imprisoned and finally son, John, born in 1799. His widow, excommunicated. The marriage certifi¬ Martha, afterwards married Dr. Isaac cate of Edward Blackfan and Bebecca Chapman. Crispin is dated 8-mo., 24th, 1G88. It took John Blackfan married Elizabeth B. place at Ifield Friends’ meeting, and was Chapman, of Wrightstown, in 1321, and T Witnessed by Wliliam Penn, his wife, son settled in Solebury at his father’s house. and daughter. This certificate is still in This house was burned in 1835, nearly existence in good preservation and is everything in it being destroyed. He 1 now in the possession of William C. { built the present house, not far from the Blackfan. old site. They had four children who The last account of Edward Blackfan grew to maturity, Hetty Ann, William was in a letter to Bichard Morris, dated C., George C. and Martha C. Hetty Ann at London, 1639, containing an order pro¬ married George Watson and died in 1867. claiming William and Mary, King and William married Elizabeth Ely, of Phila¬ Queen of England, France and Ireland. delphia, and lives upon the Solebury Here all record ends, but tradition tells farm. George married Lavinia Worstall, us that he had purchased or obtained of Newtown, and lives there. Martha grauts from Penn of certain valuable married George Watson aDd lives in lands, and was making ready to bring; Philadelphia. Elizabeth, John Biackfan’s over his wife and infant son when he was wife, died in 1856 and in 1864 he married . taken sick and died, aDd his papers were Francenia Ely, of Buckingham, and] lost or destroyed. This must have been moved to Yardley, where he died in 1878. ! about 1690. His widow and son came to Many old deeds, certificates and wills; this country in 1700. They were kindiy remain in our possession, together with 1 received by their kinsman and went to John Dawson’s Bible, orinted 1613, and Peunsbury to live, Bebecca taking cnarge Elinor Wood Biackfan’s, printed in 175S. of the Proprietary’s house. An old chest of drawers, brought from The son, William, was made, when of England, in 1700; a clock made in 1792, age. by a deed of gift from Thomas and by Seneca Lukens, maker of the State | House clock; an old chair or two, some silver, etc., are all that remain of their personal property, some destroyed by nre and many scattered among the fami¬ ne5 of the numerous daughters. Such is the record of the descendants of the Staunch old Quaker whom William Penn called cousin and honored with his friendship and confidence. There have been no statesmen or politicians among them. They have led upright and blame¬ less lives, and their descendants are ! proud of an inheritance, which, if it brings no great wealth or fame, brings what is held to be better than great riches, a good name. «— Houses Where the Father of His Country Lived in Bucks County, at Newtown, Pa., and White Marsh, Pa., Which Have Almost Escaped the Historian’s Attention. r So many articles have been published in newspapers(and magazines regarding the which he dated: ‘At MMr. Berkeley’s, headquarters of General George Washing¬ Summerseat, Pennsylvania.” ton during the War of the Revolution that t bp some manner the Commander-in- Chief managed to get the name of his host it would seem to the casual reader that strangely mixed, and as there was no man after all these years nothing new remains .y the name of Berkeley residing in the in that direction to be told. Remarkable vicinity of Morrisville at that time, there as it may appear, novelists and historians has always been more or less mystery as alike have passed by, almost without men¬ to the exact location of these headquarters, tion, four of the General’s headquarters of jilie proper name of the owner of this old extreme prominence and historical impor¬ jBucks County mansion, which has now tance. These dwellings are still in exis¬ been authentically located, was Thomas tence and, moreover, are all within the -Barclay, a prominent citizen of Philadel- iPia, although an Irishman by birth. boundaries of the State of Pennsylvania. MB. BARCLAY AND HIS HOME. Only within the last few months has the ! history of the Barclay house been dug out was°n®°{ th© original members of the Society of the Friendly Sons of Saint j of the obscure and musty records of the Patrick, organized iin Philadelphia in 1771 [past by that indefatigable student of Washingtomana, William S. Baker. In tel- j Societyjociety. PHeHoSnt was ° fpresident ^ pr6S0nt of the Hib organiza-ernian lling the story in detail, for the first time, n S ’?• 1719' “> J»” i 3£. these headquarters the writer has deemed Vm *T it proper to arrange the accounts in chro¬ nological order, although with one excep¬ tu“”of°Vi“llshed ,or tion the houses were not occupied in direct succession. The first headquarters, there¬ fore,to pass under review will bo Washing- 5 35* “he w“ £ «»i&Si ton’s residence at Morrisville. AarcIa7 Purchased the property on On Sunday, December 8, 1776, Washing- '• £ whmh his residence was ereoflpb Iprfi i ton> being hotly pursued by the British retreated from Princeton, N. J. and iSt.. L KovSL, JSMjf *» .W ! then known as “Summerset ", ViVlnw. ■ 1 crossed the Delaware River to Pennsyl¬ the hands of Robert Morris Pthe dJ? ? ' vania, taking his headquarters at the I fancier of the Revolution At the housa of Thomas Barclay about half a present time the house is ownA/l'c,u “e mile from the river, at Morrisville. On Pied by John H. Osburn andpractically tba„ day, as soon as Washington was com¬ the same m appearance both on the 5 fortably settled in this old dwelling ho terior and interior as it was in +i,,, wrote a letter to the President of Congress when Washington occupied it dayS it is a magnificent, rambling stnnn mansion of the style of architecture com! r'-r'T THE BARCLAY HOUSE, HEADQUARTERS AT MORRISVJLLE. moil in the middle ancTIatter half of the | as it was in Revolutionary times the most last century, two stories in height with a extensive and sumptuous residence that] covered porch supported by six pillars ex¬ side of the Quaker City. Washington oc- tending the full length of the house. To cupid this house as his headquarters until I the left are extensive outbuildings. The December 14. During the period of his | rooms are large and airy and among other attractive features it contains a, occupancy he penned some very interesting spacious ball room in which it is said a | and important letters. On December 9, 'reception was held in honor of Lafayette he wrote:— when he visited this country in 1834. “General Mifflin at this moment came Quaint nooks and corners abound through¬ up and tells me that all the military stores \ out the dwelling, and old fashioned carved : vet remain in Philadelphia. This makes mantel-pieces are to be found in all the i he immediate fortifying of the city so rooms, while antique high back chairs necessary that I have desired General and many pieces of eighteenth century Mifflin to return and take charge of the furniture are to be seen on all sides. stores, and have ordered Major General) Its no wonder, in fact only natural, that Putnam immediately down to superintend i Washington, who had an honestly inherited the work and give 'the necessary duec- love for good living, should have selected Mr. Barclay’shouse for his heaqduarters, jy* tl<0n the 13th he wrote to the Presidentof SJDE VIEW OF BARCLAY HOUSE. ■ 1 " - Congress:— np„}. sAaU move turjier up the river to be ing to GeneraFWr .. ccupied ibe main front with ih Jn b°T - of my sm^ll army with which every possible opposition shall - an office and the.,one be toiven to any further approach of the over it tor bis bedcbhmber. How oV*i be enemy towards Philadelphia.” ascended and desoended the stairwky be¬ tween the two rooms with heavy heart es- AT KEITH'S, IN BUCKS COUNTY. peciailyTiPflin I !w (vkilnwhile makingM 11 ~ ready_J . forc ' Trenton.ism * To carry out this idea the Gesersl tha ^at only be conjectured. nest day departed, eo doubt with much re¬ The same old ;roof that sheltered the gret, from Air. Barclay’s fine home, and bouse fro the storm during Washington’s moved to the farm b THE NESHAMINY HEADQUARTERS (FRONT VIEW.). received information that “General [rejoined tbe of the mh3 ? PnTer an tbe morning 20th. ne»u3th Jst-? place Calle£l VeaitOWD Washington’s perplexity. now Bernardsville. N. J. General » capture was largely due to his disregard Jt was while at Keith’s that General of Washington’s orders and aDneal. for Washington’s army was considerably aug¬ bun to join tbe main army HeP dragged mented by about 2000 Philadelphia militia along through New Jersey so slowly that and by several hundred of the county rLmK rea®te ..aasion of fbe justice olf our cause, ] and rather steep hill known cannot entertain an idea that jt will finally about half a mile ahove sink, although it may remain for some Hartaville. formerly known as time uDcler a cloud.” Roads, From Keith’s, Washington went in camp For many years the dwelling was above the falls at Trenton, where he re¬ mained until the niebt of that eventful by William Botbwdl, in whose family December 25, when the army crossed the title I believe yet remains. It iu built of Delaware River at midnight at McKonkey’s rough stone,two stories in height and fronts Ferry, do* Taylorsville, and marched on sout standing on an elevation of eight lo Trenton. Atler the surprise of the or diuo feet from the present read. In writing anout this camp to the President i Hessians at Trenton, the General re-crossed the river at the same point and took up of Congress under date of “Nesbaminy bis bedquarters at Newtown. ■ Camp, 9 o’clock P, M., August 10,” Wasb- It was not until August 10, 1777, that pington says: “I at this minute received Washington occupied the third bead- your favor of this afternoon transmitting quarters in Bucks County to come under the intelligence that a fleet was off Sina- our review. The house, which is still puxent on the 7tb inst. I was about three standing, is on the Old York Road, in miles eastward of the Billett tavern on the Warwick Township. It is located opposite road to Coryell’s Ferry when the express the road about 120 yards from the north¬ arrived. The toops are in camp on the east end of the present bridge over the Lit¬ road where they will remain until I have tle Nesbaminy Creek, at the foot of a loDg further aecouats of the fleet.” EMPL-3 __THE WEITEMABSH _ HEADQTJARTEBS___ nor ten days the General remained in ff of war hi the sitting-room of his bead-1 ignorance as to the intentions of the enemy. quarters, at which it was decided that as!' 9 bus on August 20. he writes trom this old I Nesbsmjny larm house: — the enemy’s fleet had most probably sailed] “Since the enemy’s fleet were seen at j for Charles Town, it was not expedient fori Sinapuxent on the Stb inst., I have so the army to march southward and that it accounts from them which can tie depended 1 should move immediately to ward the North 1 on. I am now of an opinion that Charles River. It is an interesting fact that the, Town is the present object of General youDg Marquis de Lafayette took part for] Howe a attention, though for what sufll- ! the first time in this council of war as| cient reason, unless be expects to drug this Major General, having been commissioned | army after him by appearing at different | on July 31. places and thereby leave the country open On the 22d Washington, having receivedj for General Clinton to march out and en¬ information of the fact, informed the!' deavor to form a junction with General army of the signal victory of ibe Conti- Burgoyne. I am at a Joss to determine.” neuial army at the battle of BeDniDglon. LAFAYETTE’S FIRST COFNCIL. August 23 the camp on the Nesbaminy' The next day the General held a council was broken, the General left his bead- quarters that evening, and the airoy moved • . M 57 _L i r- iwn the eld York Road toward Phila¬ On November 24 a council of war was delphia, aud encamped near NioetowD, held at tbe General’s headquarters tc within five miles of the city. Washington consider the expediency of an attack on • made his headquarters at Stentcn, the tbe enemy’s lines at Philadelphia®; The council adjourned without com’ng to a i homestead of the Logan family. The Dext day tb' army marched into Philadelphia. decision and the Commandey-in-Cbief dis¬ A few months after leaving the old patched a special messenger to General farmhouse on tho Nesbaminy, and after Green, then at Moimt Holly, N.J., requir¬ the defeat at Brandywine and German- ing of the other ofiicers their written opin- i»n. In comparing them, eleven were fKw- , towD, and the occupation of the Quaker City by the British, the Commander-in- found against making tbe attack, and only chief, having left the house of James Stirling. Wayne, Scott and Woodford in Morris, at Wbitpain, near fbe present vil¬ favor of it. lage of Ambler, La., and about fifteen milea On November 30 the General decided to from tbe city, took up his headquarter* on establish a fortified Winter encampment at the 2d of November, 1777, at White Marsh. Valley Forge, on the west side of tbe Tbe dweliiDg he occupied is s large stone Schuylkill River, and on December 11 at 4 building stili standing, about bBlf a mile o’clock the- whole army marched first to east from Camp Hill Station, an tbe North Mattson’s Ford, where they expected to Pennsylvania .Railroad, and twelve miles cross the river, but, encountering a body north of Pbiladelobia. The house faces of the enemy consisting cf about 4000 men south and is two stories and a half in under Lord Coruwallis, they were ordered height, 80 feet front and 27 feet in depth. to march to Swede’s Ford, about three In 1854 it was modernized, and a large miles furl her up tbe river, where they wing, originally the dining-room, removed crossed on the night of the 12th,and on the from the west end. Enough of the old 19th of December the camp was com¬ buildings remains, however, t« determine menced at Valley Forge. its appearance during tbe days of the Revolution, when it ivas a sort of bsronial ball, both in siza and character, occupied by George EmJen, a wealthy Philadelphian From, ±i±.L ..M. i.A FA X A who dispensed liberal hospitality to all who came beneath his roof. V WASHINGTON IN UNDRESS. ,. The house, with ninety-two acres, has (sk since 1857 been owned and occupied by Charles T. Ainsan, a prosperous farmer. Camp Hill, on which part c^be left wing Date, ] of tbe army was posted, is^pirectly to tbe r°ar of tbe house, and it is said that some of tbo caves or dogonis which tbe soldiers LOCAL HISTORY. were compelled to make io shelter them The Harry Plantation—Tire Murray and are still to be teen, Some of tbe most interesting and important events of tbe Garges Farms—The ,01*1 Dav'it- whole war transpired while Washington son and McConnell Farm* pceupied his White Marsh headquarters. - J olin Williams. Linder date of November 7, in the orderly boob, is to be r»ad tbe following curious A Lout one a ud a half miles west of Doy- entry :— lestown, and on the southeast slope ol “Since tbe General left Germantown, in Pine Run Valley are the Murray and ’is- the middie of September last, he has been n v without his baggage, and on that account Garges farms, formerly the Harry planta- g is nnnbie to receive company in tho tion of colonial times. The termer has long t ~ manner he couid wish. He, nevertheless, desires the generals, field officers, and been occupied by Peter G-. Murray and if brigade major of the day to dine with him sisters. The Garges place, to the north- e in the futuro at 3 o’clock ia tbe after¬ ward, was doubtless the original honie- ^ noon.” Under date of Sunday, November 9. stead, and near which is a lasting spring. 3’ Washington penned tbe earliest public record Here has been a habitation for more than & bearing on tbe subject of the conspiracy to ICO years. nj%^, displace him from tbe command of tbe It was rather unusual for a woman.to 'e' army, known as the Conway Cabal. It is be an original settler and the first pur-; S a letter addressed to General Conway ask¬ chaser of a piece ot unimproved wilder- S ing him, among other things, the meaning ness, but here such was the case. The \ of the following remark which first ap¬ deed from Joseph Kirkbride was made peared in a letter from Conway to General in 1732 to Sarah Harry, a widow, who Gates:— bought ninety-six acres. She haa, how¬ “Heaven has been determined to save ever, a son who could undertake the your country, or a weak general and bad fanning. The boundaries were: “Begin¬ csnnc’Ilsrs would have ruined it.” ning at corner of Thomas Morris; thence White at White Marsh, Washington beard by same southwest 100 perches; thence by of tbe evacuation of Fort Mifflin and in¬ David Reese,southeast,173perches; thence formed the President of Congiess, of the northeast by Evan Stephen, 97 perches; fact. To show the extremity to wnich the thence by Isaac Evans, northwest, 39 army were reduced for shoes at this loca¬ perches; by same northeast three perches tion the following extract, under date «f and northwest three perches, and south- November 22. may .be made from the v’ tthree perches, thence by Evans’ and orderly cook:— T ’inas Morns’ northwest, i 5 perches “The Coiamander-in-Chiaf offers a reward to beginning.” of $10 to any person who shall by'9 o’clocls These names indicate that the first set¬ on Monday morning produce tbe best sub. tlers of this portion of New Britain were stitutes for shoes made of raw bides.” all Welshmen. They show also that r 58 V had the land for over halt a as owners came David Edwards and *JS'southwest side, now the Mc¬ then John Williams,' who was born in Neil and Gehman places. Four years Wales in 1709. The time of his later, in 1736, Sarah Harry gave the deed purchase and the length of his for the farm to her son Henry. The latter ownership can only be conjectured, but in 1754 bought eleven acres ot Thomas his coming was probably as early as 1740. Morris, a strip near Pine Run, about 400 [ Tradition merely says he lived here feet wide by 757 teet long. This increased and built the stone house on the David¬ the plantation to 107 acres. son farm. Williams afterwards removed Concerning the Harry family, who were to the later Worthington place in the the first settlers here, we have no infor¬ northern part of NewBritain,near theHill-1 mation. They lived here lor thirity-two town township lines. In the boundary of years. The name is the same w hich later a neighboring property, Margaret.widowi became spelled Harris, though in Mont¬ of John Williams, is mentioned as the gomery county some families retain the owner in 1791. He died May 28th, 1781, original spelling of Harry. It ispossible at the age of 72. His will was witnessed that Henry Harry is the same person who by Robert Shewell, Benjamin Griffith purchased the Kelso farm of two hundred and David Evans. In this document acres in 1773, situated along Spruce Hill mention is made of his wife Margaret. and the Whitehallville turnpike, in the The daughters were Ann,wife of William southern part of the township. Cornell; Mary, wife of Paul McCarty; Of this, however, the writer has no con¬ Sarah, wife ot David Worthington; Mary, firmation. At any rate in 1764 Harry wife of Morris Eder; Rachel, wife of sold his plantation to Thomas Jones, Abiah J ames.and Hannah,wife of Thomas who the same year transferred the same Jones. Besides these, sons William and to David Evans. It remained in pos¬ Isaac are mentioned. It was this son-in- session of the Evans family for three law, Thomas Jones, who bought and generations—from 1764 to 1850, during sold the adjoining Harry farm in 1764 to much of which time it was rented. In David Evans, and he may, for a time, ; 1850 Abraham Garges bought of heirs of have held this place. James Evans the amount of 57 acres, in¬ Of these daughters of John Williams, ! cluding the buildings, and which is now Rachel, born in 1746, married Abiah held by his son, Lewis Garges. James September 22d, 1773, and died The southern halt was conveyed to December 1st, 1834, aged near 89 years. Charles Wigton, who, in 1853, sold to Her children were Margaret, wife of ! George Murray, the Scotch school teacher, Joshua Riale; Col. Nathan James, an and where the latter died at a very ad¬ officer in the war oi 1812; Elizabeth, wife vanced age. The buildings there were of William Hines ; Abiah, who married erected about forty years ago. Pamela Jones; Martha, and Benjamin THE M’CONNELL AND GEHMAN FARMS— W., who married Elizabeth Black. The THE OLD HOME OF NANCY DAVIDSON. latter was the father ot Abiah R. James, The buidings on the McConnell 'farm a well-known farmer of Doylestown are upon the highway leading to New township. The record of transfers after the de¬ Britain, and about a mile northeast of parture of Williams appears to be lost. the latter place. The stone house was We only know that the ownership fell built by Lawrence Emery soon after 1815. into the hands of the Callendar family, Nearby was a blacksmith shop, where after the Revolution. The Davidson William McConnell formerly plied his place and also the McConnell farm was trade. The premises are now owned by part ot the estate of John Callendar, of his son, Simon McConnell. The farm which 67 acres were in 1802 adjudged to land lies on a slope gently declining John Hines, a son-in-law, in right of his northwest towards Pine Run. wife Mary. THE DAVIDSON FARM. In 1807, the two farms were separated, when John Hines sold 52 acres to his This property adjoins the"McConnell brother-in-law, John Callendar. In 1815, farm on the southwest, and is bounded by Lawrence Emery was the purchaser from , roads on two sides. Here is a very old Mason James. He had bought the Mc¬ stone house, built long before the Revo¬ Connell farm also in 1S13 from Jesse lution by John Williams. The water Callendar, and for a time held both from the well is about the coldest and places. Emery, the same year (1815), sold best of any in the township. This place the later Davidson farm to Elias Long, - has had many owners and for a long time Of Tinicum, who kept possession ten presented a poverty-stricken appearance vears, selling in 1825 to Abraham R. by reason of neglect. It is no>v one of kephart. Samuel Fries bought of Kep- several farms owned by A. L. Gehman, hart in 1827. Samuel Garner appears to who has greatly improved it. have bought it some time after, as he As both these properties were formerly died March 30th, 1828, leaving a widow united, their earlier history may be fol¬ Mary who retained the ownership until lowed under one head. The earliest her death in 1847. In her will mention is owner of the territory was a Welshman made ot seven children: John, Nancy, named Alexander Reese, who held also wife of Frank Davidson; Samuel, George, the present Keen and Eli Morris farms Jesse, Sarah, wife of Charles Hinkle;j on the opposite side of Pine Run. No Mary, wife of Abraham R. Kephart. deeds are on record concerning the trans¬ After the death of Nancy Davidson, m fers of any of these properties prior to 1882, Lydia, her daughter, purchased the the Revolution. property, which she sold to Aaron L. We can only gain some glimpses of Gehman in 1884. their history by recitals ot later deeds, The later McConnell farm was sold by by boundaries of adjoining lands, and Lewis Emery in 1822 to Lewis Summers, by tradition. After Alexander Reese, who retained it for seventeen years. The came Evan Reese and by a boundary of next purchaser -was Jacob Stone, from 1736 we find mention of David Reese as Nockamixon, who came here in 1839. the owner. Following the_ Reese family The name has been Anglacised from the German name of Stein. There is also an J3F-' English name, Stone, common in the New England States. Stone had a large * From, iamily of children, which in later years became widely scattered in different parts of the United States. One of the sons, Amos Stone, has long been a resi- I °f Doylestown. Jacob Stone died in l,i and in 1851 his executors sold to John Date, /£ KEITH HOUSE, UPPER WAKEFIELD. ASHIHQTOIS’8 HEADQtTARTEBS IN protected with a tin surface. At one time BUCKS COUNTY. the front yard was inclosed by a stone NO. 2. wall, but that has long since been taken KEITH i I* away. The property has always remained in the hands of the Keith family ; it was To carry out the idea (expressed in the purchased originally from the London article published in the Enterprise of Feb¬ Company by William Keith. Washington’s ruary 25th) General Washington departed, reasons for locating at this place, no doubt,' no doubt, with much regret from Mr Bar¬ were that it was near the upper fords of clay's fine home at Morrisville, and moved the Delaware, at which it was supposed the Ito the farm house of William Keith, also in enemy would attempt to cross, and was al¬ Bucks county, and still standing. This so within a few hours’ ride of Newtown, dwelling was built as early as 1783. It isl the depot for supplies. a two story, with pent roof and attic, point¬ It was while at Keith’s that Washington ed stone house, twenty-four by twenty- received information that General Lee/ eight feet. The front door is in two folds had been taken prisoner on the morning iset in a solid oaken frame and garnished of the 13th at a place called Vealtown, with a wooden lock, the same w hich locked now Bernardsville, N. J. General Lee’s \ out intruders when Washington occupied capture was largely due to his disregard ( the house. The interior finish in yellow of Washington’s orders and appeals for j pine remains unchanged, and one room has him to join the main army. He dragged never been disfigured by the painter’s along through New Jersey so slowly that brush. he only reached Morristown on the 11th of t Washington, according to General W. W. December, having crossed the Hudson on f H. Davis, probably occupied the main front (the 4th. On the 12th he marched to Ber- / < room down stairs for an office and the one nardsville, taking up his headquarters three h,y back of it for his bedchamber. How often miles from the town, at the tavern of Mrs. ' a; he ascended and descended the stairway White, at Basking Ridge, and was taken between the two rooms with heavy heart, prisoner the following morning. He was especially while making ready for Trenton, not exchanged until April 21, 1778. He I is a matter that can only be conjectured. rejoined the army at Valley Forge May 20. The same old roof that sheltered the house from the storm during Washington’s Washington’s perplexity. day still covers it. It has, however, been It was while at Keith’s that General IWashington’s army was considerably aug- >JL "'ii: mented by about 2000 Philadelphia; militia then a captai artill sici and by several hundred of the county ,•back ^ room.. The late Peter G. Cattell, who militia. He, however, wrote to his brother lived and died on an adjoining farm, used from the old farm house, under date of to relate that he saw Washington at Knox’s! December 18 : “I think our affair is in a quarters.” very bad condition. You can form no idea OIjD newspapers: of the perplexity of my situation. No It is quite interesting to look over old man, I believe, ever had a greater choice local newspapers, published so long ago of difficulties, and less means to extricate that not a name printed therein represents himself from them. However, with a full a person now living. The venerable John persuasion of the justice of our cause, I G. Spencer, of Oxford Valley, has sent to cannot entertain an idea that it will finally the Enterprise office four old newspapers sink, although it may remain for some —named and dated as follows : time under a cloud.” Bucks County Patriot, published at Doyles- At Keith’s Washington remained until town by Edward Morris and S. R. Kramer, the night of that eventful December 25, date January 16, 1826. when the army crossed the Delaware river Same paper, same publishers, date Janu¬ at midnight at McKonkey’s Ferry, now ary 8, 1827. Taylorsville, and marched on to Trenton. Bucks County Republican and Anti-Masonic i After the surprise of the Hessians at Tren¬ Register, Doylestown, John Heart, publisher, ton, the General recrossed the river at the date May 8,1832. same point and took up his headquarters at Olive Branch, Doylestown, Franklin P. Newtown. Sellers, publisher, date April 19,1843. General Davis in his “ History of Bucks Let us take up the first mentioned, and County ” further says: see what there is in it of interest. Five “The property was purchased by Will¬ columns on a page, much wider than those iam Keith a century and a quarter ago of of its successor of to-day—four pages. First the London Company, contains two hun¬ ' page all advertisements. John Jones, as dred and forty acres, and has never been administrator, advertises at public sale out of the family. The situation, on the farm of 53 acres in Buckingham, late the south side of Jericho Hill, is retired and property of Ann Gillingham, bounded by I pleasantly exposed to the sun. The Mer- lands of James Jamison, John Simpson and riqk house, a fourth of a mile away across Israel Lancaster. Whose place is it now ? the fields, on the road from Newtown to Charles E. DuBois was clerk of the sale. Neely’s mill, is a stone dwelling, twenty He was a Doylestown lawyer. It is not feet square, with a kitchen at the west end, customary now for lawyers to clerk sales. and the farm was bought by Samuel Mer¬ Benjamin Taylor, administrator, offers for rick in 1773, and now belongs to Edward, sale farm of Henry Burroughs of 201 acres his descendant. When Greene occupied it in Upper Makefield, adjoining lands of ;he first floor was divided into three rooms, Jacob Cadwallader, David Coleman and now all thrown into one, and the family others. This is probably now divided, part lived in the kitchen. As the house was re¬ '.'4 of Edward Carey’sand part of W m. Church’s cently built, and not yet finished, the Gen¬ farms. Chas. E. DuBois is also clerk of eral caused the walls of the room he occu¬ this sale. A tract of land of over 2000 acres pied to be tastefully painted, with a picture in Northampton county is offered for sale I of the rising sun over the fire-place. At this by Luke W. and Isaac W. Morris, of Phila¬ time Samuel Merrick had a family of half delphia. It is on the Lackawaxen creek in grown children about him, who were deep¬ (now) Pike county, and stocked with white ly impressed with passing events, and pine timber. It is on a turnpike road over whose descendants are full of traditions of which “ stages from New York pass daily.” the times. Greene purchased the confi¬ : (This is the old Montrose pike, now aband¬ dence of his young daughter, Hannah, by oned, and cannot be passed over with car¬ the gift of a small tea canister, which was riages on account of fallen timber, &c). kept in the family many years. The Jacob Kintner, the Sheriff, advertises a Rhode Island blacksmith lived on the fat farm in Buckingham the property of Joseph ,of the land while quartered on this Upper Cary. It joins lands of David Bradshaw 'akefield farmer, devouring his flock of and Samuel Iden, contains 24 acres, and (turkeys, and monopolizing his only fresh must be the property now occupied by John cow, besides eating her calf. In return he 'S. Bailey. A farm for rent owned by Jen¬ allowed the family to use sugar from the net Risk, and occupied by Wm. Biles, of barrel bought for his own mess. At the 150 acres in Middletown township. Whose last supper-before Trenton, when Washing¬ farm now ? David P. Simmons advertises ton was the guest of Greene, the daughter a “ plantation ” for sale in Solebury, con¬ Hannah waited upon the table, and kept taining 117 acres. It is on the road from the plate from which he ate as a memento Doylestown to Lumberville,three miles from of the occasion. The Chapman mansion, the latter and six from the former, and one the quarters of Knox and Hamilton, and mile from Milton, formerly the property of now owned by Edward Johnson, on the John Worthington, and adjoining Benja¬ opposite side of Jericho Hill, a mile from I min White, Israel Anderson and others. Brownsburg, is in excellent condition, and Whose farm now ? Yeamans Pickering is the best house of the Revolutionary pe¬ advertises at private sale a lot of 20 acres riod we have seen in the county. Knox half a mile above Buckingham Meeting occupied the first floor of the east end, then House. The executors of Jane Shoemaker, divided into two rooms, but now all in one, deceased, advertise the mill property in twenty-five by seventeen feet. Hamilton, Bensalem on “ Poquesin ” creek at head of • ■ •• ,2 ' tide-' i- B„"^at?r.‘ B. Elyflfillii-f. move, and the proceedings were Uc sale his farm in Buckingham of 130 published in this paper. Here is an ex- acres. He did not sell it, for he lived there tract from the preamble to the resolution : several years afterward. Jonathan Pear¬ But we are told that a court house and son, executor, advertises the late residence jail are already erected at Newtown, but and farm of Joseph Hambleton, in Sole-' what are they—-the shadow without the bury, together with the personal property. reality They have long since been in a Peter Monday lived thereon. This is near state of dilapidation, and the consuming °5 tae Present Solebury creamery. The hand of time has now rendered them unfit Hatboro grist mill is for rent, the property tor public pge—if dire necessity should of Jacob Ohrystler, of Philadelphia. This re.nd4e5, 1(; necessary to occupy them for property has changed hands often. The what they were originally designed.” Will- personal property of John Paff, deceased, iam Rurdy was chairman of the meeting, «niJJKPewm-akefi^ld’ is advertised to be Chas; Vanartsdalen and Jesse L B^ sef-’ sold by William Paff and T. Cadwallader retaries, and committees were appointed to executors “ Continue from day to day till ' circulate remonstrances to the Legislature all is sold. Not so many sales then as m all the lower townships. In Newtown now. The real estate of Israel Penrose, of thei>?mes of John Milnor, Thomas Buckingham, is advertised to be sold at Hoslin and James M. Torbert. But enough public sale. It was the upper mill at Me-: space has been devoted to the paper, and charncs Valley adjoining lands of Samuel■ ' ye may take it up at another day. Dillingham, Robert Walker and Jonas Fell grist saw and oil mills, plenty of water, 24 I feet fall, and sixty acres of land. Joseph and Frances Campbell advertise a farm for From, .... /.r~CJ?s?r /_ J sale in Solebury, 3 miles from New Hone adjoining lands of Edward Blackfan, Robert Smith and others, of 140 acres. Whose tarm now ? It must have been near Sois- i , ..(yjLs, bury Meeting House, but does not say so The executors of William Rodman, de^ ceased, advertise for sale a tract of about Bate, //jUZzJfcj., 800 acres m Warwick, also about 20 i acres in Bensalem, on the Newport road to i An Old LaiMmai^ Demolished. Philadelphia. This large tract in War¬ wf rr wick is thus described: “It is 2 miles The quaint on»steft!-j’ house on the road from Doylestown. Four hundred acres of leading from CiMfont to New Britain, Ithe land is woodland of a very superior de¬ midway between the two villages, has scription. Much of the wood is fit for ship been partly demolished and is now unlit ior occupancy. It is one of the oldest timber and Doylestown and the lime kilns : houses m this section of the county, hav- of Buckingham furnishes a ready market? mg oeeu erected in 1745 upon the site of for fire wood.” Only 67 years ago, yet 400 i a log hut destroyed by fire a vear before. ,1 acres of virgin forest two miles from the I Ihe property upon which the building is county seat! “ Valuable for ship timber.” I| located was owned by the Mathews Ihen there was great demand for oak j aimly for live generations. The original knees cut from the roots and limbs of log hut was built by one of the first "set¬ % ters of New Britain township. white oak trees for wooden ships. Now ships are made of steel and iron and no de mand for “ knees.’’ Doylestown and the j Buckmgnam lime kilns wanted a great deal t t From,...co.vr,./& zz;:r. v V?0(L. Now everybody burns coal, and the Buckingham lime quarries have even passed through the era of coal lime burn¬ ing, and are mostly torn down or stand as ' I , rums like the old castles of Europe. The 1 advertisement says the tract is at present divided into four farms, and buildings peor. fr Bate, M I his property is now partly the alms house form. U here was the alms house in 1826 ? -■ For the county statement in that paper con¬ tains the sum . of $8600 for the “ Bucks County Alms House.” Where was tu alms house when the court house was at 1I13TORX AXD.UARK in ci- Newtown, and up to the time the present DENTALLY MENTIONED. buildings were erected on the Rodman property ? A Curious Relic of Our Eorefath- We have now gone over the real estate" sag iS offered for sale at that time, and what more ers. Some Early Reminiscences of is *i 1]?terest can we see in this old paper? the Prominent Mathews Eamily, 11 At this date the division of the countv was in New Britain Township. ( agitated. The public buildings had'been at Doylestown fourteen years, and yet N Friday afternoon, E. R. Mathews, there was a lingering desire to return Esq., of Doylestown township, left at to the old place. It is hard to get out of the Demockat office an old iron door old ruts. A meeting had been held against O’ lock, forged by some early Colonial ) blacksmith, who must have been quite a ~~ 3 j . -3 82 now affixed to it) was toe most rem_ genius In the use of His hammer, for ancestor of the family in this country. relic is simply a wonderful combination He came from Wales, in company witii of springs, bolts, latches, etc. The old iiis brother-in-law, Simon Butler, about dwelling is now in the course of demoli¬ the year 1712 and lirst, settled in wlmt is now Delaware, then Chester county and tion. Following is p sketch of the lock, adjacent to the Schuylkiil. He was born building and tract of land, written some jirobably in 1GS3, or thereabouts, in Pern-; vears ago by the historian, Edward brokeshire, Wales, as John Mathias, the Mathews, now published for the first ancestor of the Mathias family, came time: from Nevern Parrish, in that county, and iW This ancient lock, whose quaint con¬ we are informed that Mathias and struction and workmanship may excite Mathew wero originally the same name. some curiosity, was affixed to the door of He had three sons, Thomas, John and an old one-story house still standing in Edward, and perhaps others whose names New Britain township. It is one of the are lost in oblivion. He had been mar¬ oldest buildings in the surrounding ried in Wales, and his eldest son, John, legion, and the time of its erection dates was born in 1713 in Chester county, soon back for more than one hundred and after his arrival in America. Simon thirty years. It was erected by one John Mathew died in 1753 or 1754 and must Mathew, and the property has remained have been pretty well advanced in life, as in the family name until a recent period. wo lind that his son, John, was born forty - The history of the first purchase of the years before. property is here given, together with Simon, the father, near the close of his some incidents which have been pre¬ i life, made a will bearing date the 23th of served concerning the building of the December, 1751, bequeathing a portion of house in question. his property to his son Thomas, whom The earliest mention that we find of the he also made his sole executor. It is purchase of the soil by emigrants from supposed that Thomas, although the Europe was that of an English company ‘'.i younger, was the most capable man for formed in London in 1GS2, by the name business, as he could write a fair hand, ■ and title of the Free Society of Traders, while John, his brother, made his " mark,” •who purchased a large tract of land, 'iias did Dinah, his wife. Soon after, on 8 300 "acres in extent, now situated in the 7th day of July, 1757, Thomas gave a parts of New Britain and Doylestown deed to John, fully confirming him in the townships, and extending from Doyles¬ possession of the above 147 acres, as it town nearly as far west as the county seems he had never got a deed from his line. The exact time and date of their father, though he had possession of the first purchase of.this property was prob¬ iand. ably not much earlier than 1720, as we In this Thomas acknowledged the re¬ find by an old deed that on March 25, f ceipt of the purchase money by his 1724, Charles lteed, Job Goodson, Evan father. Thomas Mathew and his wife, Owen, George Fltswater and Joseph Mary, set their signatures to this ancient Pidgeon, who had been appointed trus¬ document, that of Mary in poor, dim and tees by an Act of the Colonial Assembly uncertain characters. It was sealed and to sell the lands of the above Society of delivered in the presence of Edward 'Free Traders, did then sell to Jeremiah Mathew and Griffith Owen, and ac¬ Langhorne, then Chief Justice of the' knowledged before Simon Butler, justice Province, the large tract of 5,200 acres of <>f the peace. Simon Butler had built and land. This tract, it will he seen, would then owned a mill, which at the time of form a territory half the size of the pres¬ this writing is the property of George ent township of New Britain, covering Grove, and Simon Mathew lived at it, or more than eight square miles of land. adjacent to it, and probably was joint This Langhorne, we may presume, was owner of the mill, as in this deed the race a sort of land speculator, as we soon lind is spoken of as belonging to both parties. him dividing it up into smaller tracts and Edward Mathew was possessed of land aching it out in small parcels to various on the western side of this race course. parties, and most likely he never made The property on which this old house any improvements on the land, but lived is situated came into possession of John f either in Philadelphia,, or in some distant Mathew as the gift of his father, we pre¬ part of the county. On the 15th day of sume at the time of his marriage or be¬ May, 1729, five years afterwards, ho sold fore, or between 1735 and 1738. The time part of this large tract to Joseph Kirk- of the erection of the first house is not bride, another land dealer, who, two years known, but probably a little earlier than later, by a deed given in his name and that these dates, and likely was a small log of Mary, his wife, on the 11th of October, structure just sufficient for the needs I 1731, sold to David Stephens 227 acres and wants of the early pioneer. John) and 53 perches; and at the same time he Mathew was married in 1733 to Dinah | sold 1G7 acres adjoining this to Thomas Thomas, and they had seven children, James. two sons and five daughters. John lived Here, then, we find the names of the until 1782, and his tomb may be seen in first bona fide settlers who came to build ' New Britain graveyard; but his stout ■ Hal, houses, improve the land and to stay, wife lived on till 180L The little girl was the Meanwhile, a little sooner, on the 18th of born in Wales in 1721, and arrived in this 0f . November, Simon Mathew bought a tract country when live years of age. She had land* containing 147 acres, of one been orphaned by losing her mother, who lne James Steel and Martha, his wife, of had closed her eyes in death on the . nov Philadelphia. This Steel is recorded as a waters of the stormy sea; but she rvas opf “ Gentleman.” Afterwards, we presume destined to live on through all the years Br in 1731, Simon Mathew bought 197 acres of the eighteenth century. At her death of Joseph Kirkbride, it being part of the she was eighty years of age. She had original 5,200 acres originally belonging seven or eight children that arrived at to Langhorne. maturity, and numerous grandchildren This Simon Mathew (the name was had looked upon her aged face and their originally spelt without the linal “s” children too, had looked with wonder at her wrinkled countenance a Jp.: Benjamin, their oldest child, was Born j same time, be in a place where it could t(__ .. in 1739, and an incident in the childhood - (seen by anyone who takes an interest in . of this son, which has been handed down I such a valuable relic of cur great civil / by tradition, enables us to approximate H war. It is in such a dilapidated condi¬ f nearly to the time of the erection of the tion from the shot of the enemy and other :Jjoid house. It is that when a little boy, casualties of war it is no longer in a Ht five years old, or in 1714, his father, John, state to be used in public. Sooner or in September of that year, was sowing: later a place of deposit must have been wheat on a windy day. His mother was | found for it under any circumstances. gone from home, leaving him in charge . When carried in the regiment it was of a hired girl then living with the family. I known as the “ County Flag,” and it The girl had taken the little boy with her ' j seemed meet and proper that it should be to go after the cows, when the house took returned to the county for safe keeping. lire and was burned to the ground, with | In turning it over to the care of the 'ail its contents. It is presumed that the ' county commissioners, the survivors of lerection of a now house as a shelter from the regiment may be assured no barm tha coming winter would be immediately will befall it. To them it will be a sacred commenced, and the portion of the house : trust. from which the lock above mentioned was ’ i The flag has an interesting personal taken, was probably erected in 1744 or history, independent of its service wnh 1745. The hcniee remained in possession the regiment. Soon after Colonel Davis of the descendants of John Mathew for began recruiting the 104th, he was four generations succeeding, finally pass¬ notified by Governor Curtin that the ing from the family name, in I860. Commonwealth would present to the regiment a State flag;. His next thought was to procure a regimental flag, and in this he met with success. One Evening, , From, in September, 1801, Colonel Davis called upon a lady of Doylestown, who was full ' of patriotism and took a deep interest in the regiment, stated the nqed of a regi- 'Zaz#**-.i£ao | ; mental flag, and requested, tier to make'- an effort to raise money to purchase one. She accepted the office and succeeded in raising from a few patriotic people, Date, i ./. ,1 $148.60, the money coming from the fol¬ lowing localities: Forestville, S4.25; Cen- treville, $10.25; Newtown, $17.25; Pine- THE 104TH FLAG. ville, $7; Harmony, $10 50; Lahaska, $8.50; New Britain, $1.50; Mrs. Gibbs, $6 40; Bridge Point, $1.00; Bensalen, THE OLD RELIC DEPOSITED IIS 3 $1.00, and Doylestown, $74.95, more THE COURT ROOM. than one-half of the whole. The flag was made by the Messrs. Horts- mann & Co., Philadelphia, of the bestt A Handsome Oak Case to Enclose quality of silk and of regulation size. Its Sacred Eolds.—A Sketch of a On the middle stripe the words “ Ring- : gold Regiment ” were beautifully Standard which Passed Through wrought in silver, with the number of' Stirring War Scenes. the regiment on the next stripe below. With the surplus money, after paying N a quiet way, on Thursday afternoon, for the flag, there were bought and pre¬ I sented to the men 300 towels, 12 dozen and without the least ceremony, the ' combs and 128 dozen woolen gloves. regimental ilag of the 104th Pennsyl¬ The ceremony of presenting the flag to i vania regiment was deposited in the , the regiment took place'at Camp Lacey, Doylestown, on the 21st of October, in \ court room, in a handsome ease made for the presence of a very large concourse of the purpose at the expense of the county. people, numbering several thousand, The ease stands in the space between the i coming from all parts of Bucks county doors that lead to the Judge’s room and and elsewhere. One-half of the audience , at least was ladies. A platform was the law library, and in a position to be erected on the parade guound, and seen from nearly all parts of the large t the regiments in full uniform, and room. under arms, was drawn up in front. . The affair was in charge of a com¬ This beautiful, piece of woodwork, which mittee of ladies, who had in- ' is quite an ornament to the court room, , vited the Rev. Jacob Beliville, of is fourteen feet long by about a foot and Pottsville, Pa., to present the flag in the : a half wide, and is made of solid polished name of the fair donors. He made a oak. It has a pretty octagon capital, most impressive speech, which was re- with a corresponding corbel, the sides of ' eeived with cheers. Colonel Davis re¬ the case being ornamented by turned j ceived the flag in the name of the regi- work. The front is of oval plate-glass, l ment, and delivered it into the hands of from the establishment of Benjamin H. Color-Sergeant Laughlin, who was Shoemaker, Philadelphia. The design1 | charged to preserve it as the apple of his for the case was drawn by Architect Hut-1 eye. The ceremony passed off with ton. It was made at the factory of Louis ! the greatest eclat, the delightful mu¬ Buckxnan & Son, under the supervision sic of the regimental band adding much of .Frank Gerlitzki, foreman of the wood¬ to the charm of the occasion. The flag working department. The case was put; followed the fortunes of the regiment in position yesterday afternoon by Mr. from the begining to the end of its ser¬ Gerlitzki, Eugene Brower, Janitor Ott vice, having several color bearers, and Fireman Gearhart. Laughlin the first to carry it being Major The object in depositing the flag in this of the regiment before the close of the case was, . to—— ensure '—i-nits safety and, . at ther 64 7ar. It was present in all engagements, ander German in the township, onByeamd? and Its folds are covered with the names street. During the Revolutionary war the of battles that have become historic. property belonged to John Harris. After¬ At the battle of Fair Oaks, fought May ward it belonged to John Wynkoop, James 31st, 1862, in front of Richmond, in fact the first of the series of engagements for Phillips and Dr. Ralph Lee. After Mr. the possession of the Confederate Capi¬ German bought the property of Dr. Lee, he tal, both flags came near falling into.the took down the old stone mansion to the hands of the enemy. In a charge the ground and on its cellar walls built the regiment made In the brush, it became present modern structure, a picture of which entangled in a worm fence, but one half is given above. of it getting over on the enemies side, Newtown was one of the most important; Including the color company. During the severe fighting that now took place points in the county during the Revolution¬ the color-bearers stuck the flag staffs in ary war. It was for a time Washington’s' the wet ground and lay down by them. headquarters. At several times troops were The regiment was finally compelled to stationed here, and it was a depot for fall back, but did so slowly and sullenly, military stores. The Hessians captured at not an officer orman hurrying, but filing Trenton were brought direct to Newtown as they retired. after the battle. They were lodged in the In the excitement and confusion the regi¬ mental flag was left on the enemy’s side Presbyterian church, the same building yet of the fence sticking in the ground. Those standing, on the same street as the head¬ nearest were ordered to rescue it, when quarters. Major Gries, Orderly Sergeant Myers, [Extract from Battle’s History of Bucks County.] Co. G.and Color-Sergeant Purcell sprang “The Revolutionary associations of the for it, the enemy springing for it a the same time. Purcell had already S' town are interesting. A pathetic story is cured his own flag, and, with that in h told of a soldier boy, who, being sick, was hand, jumped over the fence for t obliged to remain behind his regiment, and other. He seized it before the enern placed with others to guard a number of reached it, and, with both flags in hii persons engaged in making clothes for the hands, sprang for the fence. As he Continental army. They were at work in mounted the fence he was struck by a a house on State street below Washington, bullet and knocked over, carrying the flags with him. When he got up he and he was in the garret, while the militia handed the rescued flag to Sergeant was dispersed at different places. The latter Myers, who started to the rear with it, were obliged to retreat by a sudden attack but becoming faint from the loss of of the Tories, but the boy, from his garret blood, he handed it to Corporal Michener, window, shot several of the enemy before who brought it off in safety. Both flags he himself received a mortal wound. He were delivered to the regiment that I was buried in a vacant lot at the upper end evening after the battle. It was in the of the town, but as no tombstone marks attempt to save the regimental flag that | the spot, its exact location is not known. Major Gries received the wound of which he afterward died. General Greene’s headquarters during the A word as to the State flag, the com¬ campaign in this State was at the Brick panion of the regimental flag of the 104th, hotel, then known as Hinkle’s. It was from and which pursued their martial career this place that he went in 1776 to the battle side by side. It was subsequently pre¬ of Trenton, and upon his return, some days sented to the regiment, Governor Curtin later, the prisoners were confined in the [tii .making the presentation speech, and I Presbyterian church. Washington stopped Colonel Davis receiving it, and then de¬ livering it to Sergeant Slack, who had at the house of John Harris, across the been selected to carry it. As on the for- creek, for nearly a week, and troops were / mer and similar occasion, there was a quartered in the vicinity. Human bones large turnout of people and the affair was j were discovered in the church in making one of exceeding interest. When the old some alterations years ago, supposed to regiment was mustered out of service, have been the remains of one of the pris¬ the county flag was delivered to Colonel oners buried there.” Davis, who had taken care of it until yesterday afternoon. The State flag was [Extract from Davis’s History of Bucks County.] turned over to the State authorities in “John Harris came to Newtown and set¬ 1867, and is deposited at Harrisburg tled at the townstead, probably as early as ) with OUUUOlsimilar flags from UBUOlother ituu-Penn- 1750. Seven years later he was keeping ■ c< sylvania regiments that served in the store there, when he purchased sixty acres a war. of Benjamin Twining, part of the Thomas Rowland tract, on the west side of the creek, which cost him £320. The 21st of From,. September, 1767, he purchased of Nelson Jolly what was called his “ upper farm,” on the west side of the common. The Presby¬ Iff _. terian church stands on the southwest cor¬ H C ner. The greater part of this tract is now owned by Alexander German, and the old Date, yellow house, known as ‘Washington’s Headquarters,’ was the homestead of Har¬ WASHINGTON’S HEADQUARTERS IN ris. Gradually John Harris became a con¬ BUCKS COUNTY. siderable land owner, owning over five j NO. 3. hundred acres in all. Two hundred and When Washington’s little army was en¬ fifty-seven acres lay in Newtown, and as camped at Newtown, in 1776, he made his much more in Upuqr Makefield, part of hoine in the house now occupied by Alex- which was bough' trustees of th -Tastes^ THE HARRIS HOUSE, NEWTOWN. uondbn Company, andThe remainder from B — - ,the manor of Highlands. He grew to be a ;man of note among his fellows, and before 11770 he was written, ‘John Harris, mer¬ From, chant,’and ‘John Harris, Esqr.’ He died Jhe 13th of August, 1773, in his fifty-sixth 'year, and his widow administered to his iestate. Mr. Harris was a leading member [of the Newtown Presbyterian church. He married Hannah, a daughter of Charles and | Sarah Stewart, of Upper Makefield, and had jseven children. Of the children of this | marriage, Anne, the eldest, married Dr. ^HE ENROLLMENT, 0 BUCKINGHAM Shields, of Philadelphia, and at his death Judge Harry Innes; of Kentucky. Their THE R ILUTION. child, Maria Knox, first married her cousin, The exigencies of the unequal struggle i Jack Harris Todd, and at his death she be¬ 1 ol the Colonies with Great Britain during came the second wife of Hon. John J. Crit¬ tenden. Sarah Harris married Captain | the Revolution made necessary the secur¬ Charles Smith, of Wayne’s army, Elizabeth, ing of all the soldiers possible for the Judge Thomas Todd, of the United States I American armies, and it was with the Supreme Court, whose second son, Charles greatest difficulty that tlieii ranks could Stewart Todd, was aid-de-camp to General be tilled, and often impossible to keep Harrison in 1812, and represented this gov¬ them filled. Congress found it even more ernment at St. Petersburg and at Columbia, difficult to procure these soldiers’ food South America, and Mary Harris married j James Hanna, a lawyer of Newtown, a man and clothing—and as to pay they received of considerable property, and had four chil¬ little or none. It was necessary to reach dren. Commodore Spotts of the navy is a out into the remotest districts and enroll grandson. Jack Harris married Jane Hunt, all the able bodied men for possible! of New Jersey. His son William was a service. The following list probably in¬ commander in the navy, and drowned off cludes the men of all ages living in Buck¬ V era Cruz during the Mexican war, trying ingham in the year 1775. Such a list ha* to save the life of a brother officer. Hannah never before been published and one is at first surprised at the number of names. and Bach el Harris died unmarried. The The township was already comparatively j Hannas lived near Newtown, belonged to ! densely populated. It had been but i the old church, and likewise removed to three-quarters ot a century since the first Kentuck ” settlement, and in the Colonial period I population increased but slowly. The [township, however, was all arable except the mountain and some portions were extremely fertile. An inspection of the roll shows a pretty solid array of English ' names. There are a few Seotch-lrish and William Bradfield, William a lew Welsh, such a.s Meredith, Eaton, John Brown, Anthony Kimbio, Thomas, Davis, Roberts and Jones. The John Brown, Jr., John Kimble, name Van Horn is Hollander, as isproba- George Brown, Christop’er Kimble, bly also Stirk. The names of German John Burgess, Joseph Large, orj;J i are even fewer, such as Conrad, Thomas Betts, Jr., John Large, Clemens, Wireman, Root, Kulp and John Betts, Jasner Lacey, Shaffer. William Betts, Isaac Lacey, , The Wiremans came into the township John Bradshaw, Benjamin Lacey, from New Britain, and originally from David Bradshaw, William Mitchell, Hatfield. The preponderance of people Amos Bradshaw, Robert Malone, of English stock continues to-day; but I William Beall, James Malone, now, especially in the western corner of I John Beall, John Malone, Bucking ham, wo find a very considerable Joseph Beall, Richard Meredith, proportion of German names. Since the Thomas Bye, Jr., George Mitchell, time of the Revolution there has been a James Boner, John Miller, marked change of population in all the Henry Boner, Robert Miller, central townships of Bucks, owing to the Thomas Booz, Thomas Kirk, invasion ot people ol Teutonic origin. John Conrad, Henry O. Neill, In Hi lit own and New Britain this change Joel Carver, David Newburn, has been from one-half to nine-tenths; in William Carver, Jr, , William Osmond, Doylestown from one-fourth to one-half. Joseph Carver, Jr.,' Philip Perryor Parry It has also been noticeable in Plumstead Charles Carter, John Perry, and the south corner of Bedminster, and Benjamin Cutler, John Perry, perhaps felt least ot all in Soiebury. John Campbell, William Penquite, Buckingham was first settled by Friends, , John Clemens, Charles Poulton, and at the time of the Revolution was Joseph Church, Thomas Poulton, largely a Quaker township. We need Moses Church, Joseph Pickering, not, therefore, be surprised at the small¬ Joseph Cowan, Joseph Preston, ness ot the military company in propor¬ John Carr, William Preston, tion to the Non-Associators. The latter, Thomas Colbert, Samuel Preston, of course, included the older men. From George Childs, Thomas Roberts, religious scruples, a very large portion William Davis, Isaac Roberts, of her people were opposed to bearing John Ely, John Richardson, arms. Perhaps more joined the military William Ely, Thomas Rice, at a later period, but in no such numbers Samuel Eastburn, Cornelius Root, as in such townships as Hilltown, War¬ David Eaton, John Robinson, minster and Southampton. William Field, John Robbins, The Fells were the most numerous of John Fell, Conraa Shepherd, any family, being filteen in number, all Thomas Fell, William Simpson, descendants of Joseph Fell, an English¬ Asa Fell, Michael Shatter, man, who came into the township in 1706. George Fell, John Stirk, Of the Worthingtons there were seven, Joseph Fell, John Shrigley, and they are also numerous to the presen t Jonathan Fell, Thomas Smith, • day. Morris Fell, Samuel Smith, This enrollment bears the date of Aug¬ Jesse Fell, Samuel Smith, ust 21, 1775. The Militia Company had Isaac Fell, Joseph Stogdail, forty-five men commanded by Captain Samuel Fell, David Stogdail, John Lacey; First Lieutenant, John Wil¬ Mahlon Fell, John Tucker, Jr., son; Second Lieutenant, Samuel Smith, William Fell, John Thomas, and Ensign, William Bennett. .Zervis Fell, Evan Thomas, PRIVATES. Nathan Fell, John Tomlinson, Moses Atkinson, Win. Simpson, Sr., Thomas Fell, David Worstall, Adam Barr, Wm.Simpson, Jr., Robert Fisher, Daniel Wiggins, Thomas Barr, John Simpson, Robert Fisher, William Wood, John Bogert, Thomas Smith, Patrick Fenton, Amos White, Ebenezer Carter, John Slack, Josiah Fenton, John Walton, Thomas Demining,William Stokesbury Ephraim Fenton, Joshua Walton, Thomas Dougherty,John Sproll, Eieazar Fenton,. Jos. Worthington, Thomas Drennen, John Sample, John Freestone, Thos. Worthington, William Finney, William Sample, Daniel Farst, Isaac Worthington, Benjamin Flack, Levy Sterling, William Flack, Jesse Walton, Mark Halfpenny. James Sample, Jr., John Flack, Jacob Walton, Jr., John Huston, William Sloane, Thomas Gilbert, Jr, ,Jos. Worthington, Thomas Huston, Plenry Stirk, Joshua Gilbert, Wm. Worthington, William Kirkwood,John Thomas, David Gilbert, Mahlon W or th’gton, Adam Lockherd, James Tucker, John Gillingham, Jos. Worthington, Adam Middleton, J ohn Tucker, James Gillingham, Stephen Wilson, J Silas Martin, Joseph Van Horn, Randall Hinton, Oliver Wilson, Isaac Osmond, David Winsor, Benjamin Harmon, David Wilson, John Rice, Morris Welsh. Samuel Harmon, Thomas Wood, William Robinson, Thomas Hartley, Benjamin Wood, NON-ASSOCIATORS. Robert Heirin, Thomas Wood, William Hibbs, Isaac Anderson, Watson Welding, Joseph Kirk, George Hillyard, James Anderson, George Walton, John Kinsey, Andrew Harmer, Joseph Wilkinson, James Anderson, Isaac Kinsey, Mye Addis, Samuel Harrold, Isaac Wiggins, Benjamin Kinsey, Nathan Hummer, George Wall, Samuel Austen, John Kinsey, William Beans, Robert Johnson, George Walter, George Kinsey, Thomas Jones, Christian Wireman,! Jonathan Beahs, David Kinsey, Joseph Barbin, Martha Johnson, John Wireman, f Jonathan Kinsey, Jacob Kulp, John Bradfield, Thomas We$t, John Kinsey, William Kirk, John Young. ^Jonathan Bradfield, John Kelly, yVbner Bradfield, George Kelly, 5 a slaveholder, though his grandson after¬ wards made such a sturdy fight against From, <£ the “peculiar institution.” This will was made February 1st, 1765, and registered July 2d, 1766. In the records of Mont¬ gomery church his death is mentioned in h ^c'uJ Q'. the latter year. The purport of the will was as follows: His widow Elizabeth was to live in his dwelling along with his Date, minor children, and further the testator says “To my wife my negro woman Abigail. To “Moses, my eldest son, that messuage plantation lying in New LOCAL HISTORY Biitam, in that part called Society, con¬ taining two hundred acres.” Of this he W't ••; fl»e Aaron Homesteads and Family. was not to become possessed till reach- Moses Aaron, of HUltown, and mg twenty-one, which was not till 1776. j Also to Moses one good wagon and one Moses Aaron, of New Britain— negro man named James.” To his eldest Samuel Aaron, tlie Orator, i daughter Rachel £150, and the same amount to his other daughter, Hannah. Prcuclier and Teaclier. ,1° my youngest son Obed, the planta¬ The Aaron plantation was a half mile 1 tion m Hiiltown. where I now live.” : Joseph Griffith and Morris Morris, both of jor more northward of New Britain vil- j New Britain, were made guardians of his jlage, and within the present limits of and children, and Thomas Thomas, • Doylestown township. It is now mostly ot Hiiltown, was the executor of the will. Ihe witnesses were Henry Lewis, John comprised in the farms of Lafayette Farrell and William Davis. I Hinkle and the Huland estate. The The Hiiltown homestead remained in jland slopes gently northwest to the bor- possession of the Aaron family for three Sders of Pine Run, which the Hiiltown 'generations. Obed Aaron, the son of road crosses by a covered bridge. The mu0 AApnfi^Hib0 1857.iQQ7m Hisil®0 ’ son,held Derostus,ittm Ms death sue- original buildings were on the premises i I1latter sold 135 acres in of Lafayette Hinkle, a short distance i 18H to Chai les Rowland. Derostus Aaron ; died November 30th 1859. in his 54th year, from the highway. In the rear there is a jfrom a nervous fever. The nroperty has strip ot woodland bordering Pine Run. Passed through several hands. It j The two farms have been separated since; wiSaici Llcvvland, that being a strong 11801, and this whole plantation in the last ' j century comprised two hundred acres. SWr sfss; zxai did SdSmS i? P'-^Perty, which he MOSES AAEON. Ehzabeth Aaron, the widow of Moses, Moses Aaron came from Wales and I w 'I5s,!“"cdlToun^eR survived Jwas an original settler of Hiiltown her husband for fifteen years,’oi till the I where he bought over 150 acres of land summer of 1781. She had been born in Jin 1730. Here is a large stone house with /ier will was registered September of tnat year. She had held nossession of fc™ windows, now untenanted. ’ The a negro slave, here called ‘Dinah. The ?wi1SeS iare no^r Parti7 owned by C . Boyd, and was the former Bodder nlac^ willed to her daughter Rachel, who had married John Kellv. The c’her fc above the New Britain line. PThe | daughter, Hannah, had married Jonathan buildings are reached by a long lane from the township line road, and behind [Jones, and to whom she gave a small legacy. Lie son Obed, with whom she tecrshthAte6P W°0ded rid^e cosily pro- Btects tne premises from the western Sot the remainder of her personal ■blasts. Moses Aaron was a Bar>H«i i estate. Mention is made of a daughter a member ot Montgomery chu?ch He Ann, by her first husband, Benjamin lived here till his death in 1766 though had parried Thomas Morris. meantime he had bought the New rl lle Obed Aaron was Sarah, Sntain property, so as to have a farm aaughter of Owen Owen, of Hiiltown or each othis sons, Moses and Obed' He! She died in 1817. Their children were married rather late in life, Mrs. Elizabeth Mary, Elizabeth, Catharine, Harriet, Butler, widow of Benjamin BuPer and Ury, Sabra, John and Derostus. Of daughter of Thomas James, whose hus SLiSiar&mfried Jesse Jenkins, of ' wfrl nf' ArtIe,l; da«fhter Margaret is the band had died near Chalfont in June . . , wite of Martin Evans, a well-known r\r\ a time ot this marriage is snn posed to have been about 1754, when hp citizen ot ^oylestown. Derostus mar- was past fifty. He had four children iied Caroline, daughter of Jacob Bodder. rlis children were Horatio, Samuel ho, when he made his will' in 1765 are, Annabeila, Amelia, Irwin, John and Siv."1 beine *»*»«» i Hughes. Of these, John is a citizen of as Hrmer. a shoem^er as well Cans.hue, and Samuel died in Hiiltown Ithe winter ot 1893. His son Lemuel is a wirm op moses a aeon. ter of?Ohp;i]\ nlad6ipllia: MarT> daugh¬ This will was registered not at Doyles¬ ter of Obed Aaron, married Robert Hea- town, but in Philadelphia and strangely and lelt children, Edmund, Eliza and Barilla. Irwin Aaron is the well- enough, not among the wills, but the ad- Sj known auctioneer, now living in Yardley. s.° tilat ifc 5s likely to have i THE NEW BRITAIN HOMESTEAD. this wPi n°tlCe oflocai historians By |11S "lUl- appears that Moses Aaron was | The New Britain plantation to which Ithis sketch more particularly relates, was early acquired by Moses Aaron, '. v V. - •• 'S? - v though lie"was not a resident on it. The | These executors sold the farm t _ land had remained in forest till the mid¬ Calendar in 1807, but who, in 1810 dle of the last century, a portion then veyed to Erasmus Kelly. He was the! probably being swampy. It was bought1 owner in 1817, but some later transfers! by William Moss from Lawrence Grow-] are not recorded. John C. Murphy was! den and Langhorne Biles, executors of the owner after this time. In 1826, Obed’ Jeremiah Langhorne, in 1748, when 112 Aaron bought of Sheriff Joseph Kintner, acres were conveyed for £134. Moss was 73 acres. He lived there for near a quar-| a Welshman, and his name was a con¬ ter of a century. He married Mary,i traction from “Moses.” The boundaries daughter of Samuel Mason, and had' were: “Beginning at corner of land that three daughters. Of these, Hannah mar¬ Samuel Martin lives upon; thence by ried Lewis B. Thompson, a Doylestownl same southwest 100 perches; then by lawyer, whilst Sarah Jane married] Aaron James and Thomas James north¬ Alfred Marple. Obed Aaron was an] west 179 perches; then by William James ardent Jacksonian Democrat in his' and John Thomas northeast 100 perches ; .youth. In his later years when' then by Thomas John and Evan Stephens despondent, his friends had only to re¬ southeast 179 perches to beginning.” fe fresh his mind with memories of “Old Samuel Martin held the Godshalk mill Hickory” and ail would be bright again. property, the present farms of John He sold the homestead in 1848, and some Jacoby and Joseph S. Angeny as a ten¬ years later removed to the toll gate on ant, and not as an owner. Aaron James the Whitehallville turnpike in Horsham, held the present Keely property, but now kept by Christian Kerns. His death was not the owner. In the lollowing took place August 6,1870, at the age of 72. vear (1749) Moss sold the 112 acres to An impenetrable mystery hangs over the Thomas James in two pieces, the smaller fate of Erasmus Aaron. He disappeared being of 20 acres, and in 1750 Thomas and though much search was made for James sold to Moses Aaron 187 acres. his body, it was never found. The third This must have included 75 acres be- Moses Aaron had sons, Silas H. and . sides the 112, of which we do not have the Charles, the former well known in and previous record. Moss died in War¬ near Doylestown. wick in December, 1753. There is a pos¬ John Detwiler, the next owner, sold in sibility that he had lived here as a ten¬ 1850 to Emanuel Jacoby for §3400. Jacoby ant before 1750. There is a tradition, held it till 1869, when he sold to Edgar which cannot be verified, that he was in Black and removed to Hatfield. The re¬ some manner dispossessed of the part cent transfers have been: 1888, Sheriff later held by Thomas James in a manner Comly to George Black; 1871, estate of not satisfactory. His wife, who was a Edgar Black to Adam Gaul; 1889, scold, was fiercely indignant, and in her Lafayette Hinkle bought the premises wrath formally pronounced a “curse” then comprising sixty acres. upon the property. In later times the older and more superstitious neighbors, THE HULANDS FARM. « when they saw evidences of bad farming This portion of the old Aaron planta¬ or mismanagement on the part of suc- tion was detached in 1801, when Moses 1 ceeding owners, were wont to say, “See (If Poll Moss’ curse yet rests upon the Aaron sold to John Riale 64 acres. It was doomed premises.” probably about this time when buildings D u ring the long in ter v a 1 of a quarter were put here, but this is only conjecture.] of a century between 1750 and 1776, when It was a Riale place for more than sixty! the younger Moses Aaron became of years. David Riale bought of his father age, it is not known who farmed the in 1825. Both were men of ability and premises. It is certain that there were prominent in the community, and both buildings there in 1765, as such are men¬ were justices of the peace. John Riale tioned in the will of Moses Aaron. died in 1846 at the great age of 87, and his We find the name of Moses Aaron son, David, reached a similar long life. among those who took the oath of alle¬ [ The later transfers have been: 1S64, giance in the Revolution, and in 1779 David Riale to Theodore M. Hoffman, 76; he was assessed for 187 acres, an das hold¬ acres ; 1870, Hoffman to John Hulands, ing one negro slave—probably the one whose sudden death occurred only a few ; he had inherited by his father’s will. He months ago. e. m. was twice married—the first time about [To be continued.1 1779, but to whom, the writer is not in- ; formed. There was at least one child by ■ his marriage, named Elizabeth, born in 1780, who married James Pool, and later, Benjamin James. Her son, Aaron Pool, lives in Philadelphia. She reached the great ago of eighty-seven, dying in 1867. The second wife of Moses Aaron was Hannah, daughter of Erasmus Kelly, of Hilltown. He died in middle life, Jan¬ uary, 1S06, in his fifty-first year. His Date, ... /r wife, who -was born in 1765, had died still younger, in her 39th year, in June, 1804, leaving a houseful of small chil- THE ENROLLMENT . 0F~ HILLTOWN adren. In his will, Moses Aaron left his property equally to his children, and THE REVOLUTION. ordered sale of his estate. His daughter Elizabeth, by his first wife, was already As townships go irqBucks, Hilltown is C ' married in 1805. The other children a district of imperial dimensions and one j mentioned were Catharine, Margaret, of the most populous within the county. Moses, Erasmus, Obed, Mary, Samuel,! Ann and Benjamin. His brother-in-law, m It extends half way across the county. Ephraim Thomas and John Riale, Esq., From Line Lexington to Dublin is over were made executors. six miles, whilst from Telford to Grier’s! ! Corner is a distance of eight miles It ainoDP- t/iA *■ (only about 5 are'Oermfn TJie- a&sociators siVe Tvhnct T , U1 considerable rss, finging list observe theT+1,51 “an.an- IInn the folfollow” im,. non-German names ^Th^S,Giid. «5oi 1 Tnomas was the most nm“lly na,ne Rplllwirt that day—all descendants at Rev. William Thomas, founder of Hill- town Baptist Church. There were also a T pTv-Vl'ei '°ioSif* dIes 'jearin£ the names of -Loewis, Griffith, «Jon6s and JVIorris. ■?'“.■»« lino. The east corner compX HILLTOWN MILITIA COMPANY, 1775. James Armstrong, Abel Miller, |R i)ah Brittain Charles Miller, Wi?pIaS campl?e1,' CadwalladerMorris, I WilLam Campbell, Joseph Morris. wfn?h D5an'- Thomas Morris, William Davis, John Monerbangh, HowpU r3 Benjamin Mathias, HockerfownthWeSt to the county line at Hovel] Giiffith, John Mathias, William Griffith, John Mathews «h#e £s ErV3lSon,‘1,a*rS 'Benjamin Griffith, ”Hugh ’ McHenry,-1-^P Evan Griffith, Abel Owen, ^^gW-S?«JS5^ 'Michael Gurn, Griffith Owen, Moses Heron, Joseph Shaw, Peter Heaton, Robert Shannon, s asss .tssrssw^ Robert Heaton, James Shannon, Samuel Hazzard, Samuel Shannon, Edward Jones, Jacob Snyder, Edward Jones, Jr Caleb Shotwell, i J on athan Jones, John Shields, rSSsS Thomas Jones, Michael Sheip, which half ok . aml 168 names, of 'Nathaniel Jones, Oeorge Sheip, John Kelly, Thomas Shewell, Benjamin Kelly, William Thomas, William Kidd, Jonah Thomas, population since but not t Chailge of 1 Lewis Lunn, Asa Thomas, some local historians would Feat as William Lunn, Amos Thomas, t Henry Lewis, Enoch Thomas, James Lewis, Samuel Wallace, Thomas Lewis, Job Welt, 'John Lewis, Abraham^I’lauaui Vastine,vastine, William Miller, Benjamin Vastine. formed ; Fogether wi^ alfew 0^^ Re- ) NOX-ASSOCIA T O B S. j The following list of those not enrolled !S^ed^rPom"csClSS ™ ior service as soldiers shows, on the con¬ I St’aaaJte trary, a large preponderance of German ; names. Rev. Casper Wack was a Re- i Rqq16 wprrac^er’ .b°,rn in 1752 and died in [IbJJ. He lies buried in a beautiful spot, 'a ]TttwIiCphlirC^.yar,d’ Frai,conia> within sss-si £ssS alittle vale by the brook which ripnles unceasingly as it flows southward. mutations S® ^ifsfthe^H Jacob Appenselier, Samuel Jones', Nicholas Barringer, Thomas Jones, Sr., Nathan BTiffovn m-p.:.. t ’ J -> Democrats, although with sol “ostly Nathan Brittain, Mathias Johnson, ■Peter Bother, Christian Kern, IJohn Boys, English speaklngU peopIJ toSTa ^ John Kratz, (John Benner, Jacob Kulp. gle* 'than ° th e& r m alls f ^n d R they8 !*g' Jacob Biedler, Henry Leicv, Jacob Black, Charles Leidy, iPaul Coder, Wm. McElroy, Sr., Presbyterian Scotch-Irish^f ThtnolF {Abraham Cope, oast, members of Deen Run ™ noith- Wm. McElroy, Jr., were tor fight with ^P^^egation, i Adam Cope, Thomas Mathias, Jacob Cope, Isaac Morris, marked exceptions who^h™^ a few John Cramer, Benjamin Morris, Felty Cramer, Jacob Moyer and Conrad Coder, sons, Properties ^ir [Hupert Cassell, Samuel Moyer and Abraham Derstine, sons, fhomas. - I George Delp, Abraham Miller and I Paul Frantz and sons, two sons, Owen Owen, Yost Fellman, Ebenezer Owen, fei» «a» oysrKn* ™r ® , Philip Fluck and Thomas Paine, two sons, J oseph Reeder, Abraham Funk, Mordecai Rowland, (John Funk, ir A p. "r John Sellers,oeuers, fasSteMS-J^005"- Matthew Grier, Jr,, Peter Sellers, Daniel Griffith, Leonard Sellers, ! Evan Griffith, Peter Sellers, ■ David Graver, Michael Snyder, Daniel High, —--- y' As a..eoritra,st we perceive that George Seiple, | David Heaton, Philip Shambaugh 1 JaeolYHunsicker, John Thomas, 70 Mathias JtiipjE phraihi Tho mas, Housekeeper, Mannassek Thomas, Her husband died a young man Abr. Hendricks, Eber Thomas, 1751, leaAing one daughter Ann. 'liu l ,;21 Lawrence Levi Thomas, flatter grew up and bc.ame the wile oil Hendricks, Henry Wismer, Thomas Morris, ol Hilltotvn, Avhi'sf 1!,< ’ Henry Hendricks, John Williams, AVidow Butler became the w ilcof Mi Abr. Huntsberger, Richard Williams, iAaron. She was therefore Hie grami~ Michael Hartzell, Abraham'Wismer, 'mother of Samuel Aaron. Fred. Haresman, Rev. Casper Wack. His lather Avas a reputable fa) cr, i ’ George Heichler, E. M. member ol New Britain eburc.b. in good standing, but he had (be ah '"ortan-- t, lose both his parents at an early .igr.j His mother died Avlien he was but thi.'o' 5 ears old, and bis father when ho was but six. The days of Jus youth we e not* I happy, and he Avas reared amid un , congenial surroundings and companion I ship. The writer lias heard him s.r'j '• from the pulpit that whilst most people spoke regretfully of (he joyous nuvs < their youth, yet he could not say the i Jsamc, for his Avas an unhappy rbi'd ihood. The stamp of ;e uus was mow ever, impressed upon Idoi and i") U" jtoward ontwo »V7 n Preacher and Teacher. t SrH 72 '^original buildingswereonthepremises •Hinkle andtheHnlandestate.The j Butler,widowofBenjaminButlerand " Britainproperty,soastohaveafarm ^meantime hehadboughttheNew iroad crossesbyacoveredbridge.Ther Tiers ofPineRun,whichtheHilltown! 'land slopesgentlynorthwesttothebor-j llage, andwithinthepresentlimitsol‘| or morenorthwardofNewBritainvil-1 . spokenofasallbeingminorsunder comprised inthefarmsotLalayettej Doylestown township.Itisnowmostly from thehighway.Inrearthereisa; of LafayetteHinkle,ashortdistancej .just abovetheNewBritainline.The was anoriginalsettlerofHilltown, The twofarmshavebeenseparatedsince 1 Also“toMosesonegood wagon andone| premises arenowpartlyownedbyO. in 1730.Hereisa,largestonehouse,with where heboughtover150acresofland 1801, andthiswholeplantationinthelast strip otwoodlandborderingPineP.un.\ which asteepwoodedridgecosilypro¬ dormer windows,nowuntenanted.The blasts. MosesAaronwasaBaptistand[ tects thepremisesfromwestern the townshiplineroad,andbehind Boyd, andwastheformerBodderplace century comprisedtwohundredacres. 1751. Thetimeofthismarriageissup¬ daughter ofThomasJames,whosehus¬ married ratherlateinlife,Mrs.Elizabeth for eachothissons,MosesandObed.He posed tohavebeenabout1754,whenhe lived heretillhisdeathin1766,though a memberotMontgomerychurch.He who, whenhemadehiswillin1765,are band haddiednearChalfontinJune buildings arereachedbyalonglanefrom fourteen. Hewasashoemakeraswell town, butinPhiladelphiaandstrangely was pastfifty.Hehadfourchildren, enough, notamongthewills,butad¬ as farmer. ministrations, sothatitislikelytohave wards madesuchasturdyfig;htagainst this willitappearsthatMosesAaronwas escaped thenoticeoflocalhistorians.By made February1st,1765,andregistered a slaveholder,thoughhisgrandsonafter¬ gomery churchhisdeathismentionedin July 2d,1766.IntlierecordsofMont¬ the “peculiarinstitution.”Thiswillwas says “Tomywifenegrowoman minor children,andturtherthetestator was toliveinhisdwellingalongwith was asfollows:HiswidowElizabeth the latteryear.Thepurportofwill that messuageplantation lying inNew Abigail.” To“Moses,my eldestson, Joseph GriffithandMorris Morris, bothol negro mannamed James.”Tohiseldest ing twenty-one,whichwas nottill1776. was nottobecomepossessed tillreach¬ taining twohundredacres.” Of"thishe tion in Hilltown.where Inow live.” To “myyoungest sonObed,theplanta¬ amount tohis otherdaughter,Hannah. daughter Rachel £150,andthesame Britain, inthatpartcalled Society,con¬ The Aaronplantationwasahalfmile) Moses AaroncamefromWalesand This willwasregisterednotatDoyles¬ MMla ~ n i iiiniiHiiwfr—imi—nr ' ... WILL OFMOSES^.ARON. MOSES AARON. • v; it ■'estate. Mentionismadeofadaughter ‘daughter ofOwenOwen,otHilltown. her husbandforfifteenyears,ortillthe and whowasmuchyounger,survived! Whig hebetsomuchmonevontheelec-ffi who hadmarriedJohnKelly.Theother of thatyear.ShehadhelduossessionI 1725. HerwillwasregisteredSeptemberI summer of17.81.Shehadbeenborninl did toDanielJohns. was forcedtoselltheproperty,whichhe9 is saidotRowland,thatbeingastrong^ since passedthroughseveralhands.It! latter waswilledtoherdaughterRachel,1 a negroslave,herecalled"Dinah.The) tion otHenryClayin1841,andlosing, from anervousfever.ThepropertyhasI died November30th1859,inhis54thyear,I Samuel Martinlivesupon; thenceby legacy. ThesonObed,withwhomshe! Jones, andtowhomshegaveasmallI daughter, Hannah,hadmarriedJonathanI 1842 toCharlesRowland.DerostusAaron ceeded him.Thelattersold135acresini acres wereconveyedfor£134.Mosswas Jeremiah Langhorne,in174S,when112 lived, gottheremainderofherpersonal Moses, bornin1760,heldittillhisdeath! generations. ObedAaron,thesonof possession oftheAaronfamilyforthree same southwest100perches; thenby traction from“Moses.”The boundaries a Welshman,andhisnamewascon¬ probably beingswampy.Itwasbought Ury, Sabra,JohnandDerostus.Of She diedin1817.Theirchildrenwere• Butler, whohadmarriedrhomasMorris. Ann, byherfirsthusband,Benjamin in April,1837.Hisson,Derostus,sue-’ west 179perches;thenbyWilliam James were: “Beginningatcorner oflandthat den andLanghorneBiles,executorsof by WilliamMossfromLawrenceGrow- dle ofthelastcentury,aportionthen land hadremainedin.foresttillthemid¬ was earlyacquiredbyMoses ried Caroline,daughterofJacobBodder. Hatfield. HerdaughterMargaretisthe these, MarymarriedJesseJenkins,of Mary, Elizabeth,Catharine,Harriet, The witnesseswereHenryLewis,John of Hilltown,wastheexecutorwill.! Aaron JamesandThomas Jamesnorth-j though hewasnotaresidentonit.The this sketchmoreparticularly known auctioneer,nowlivinginYardley. resident ofPhiladelphia.Mary,daugh¬ Lansdale, andSamueldiedinHilltown, Annabella. Amelia,Irwin,Johnand His childrenwereHoratio,Samuel citizen ofDoylestown.Derostusmar¬ wife ofMartinEvans,awell-known wife andchildren,ThomasThomas,I New Britain,weremadeguardiansothisi Samuel Martin heldtheGodshalkmill and Barilla.IrwinAaronisthewell- ton andieltchildren,Edmund,Eliza ter ofObedAaron,marriedRobertHea¬ the winterof1893.HissonLemuelisa southeast 179 perchestobeginning.'’ then byThomasJohnandEvan Stephens and JohnThomasnortheast 100perches; Hughes. Ofthese,Johnisacitizenof Farrell andWilliamDavis. Jacoby audJoseph S.Angenyasaten¬ property, the presenttarmsofJohn ant, and notasanowner. Aaron James held the presentKeely property, but was,‘iiot tbe owner. In the following Elizabeth Aaron,thewidowofMoses,I The wifeofObedAaronwasSarah, The Hilltownhomesteadremainedinr The NewBritainplantationtowhich . _ THE NEWBRITAINHOMESTEAD. ,/ 'r5 ... *f ■ }",v' relates, Aaron, r4 ■, h' year (1749) Moss sold the 112'acres'16 took place Auiust^lffTo^at the age of 72. Thomas James in two pieces, the smaller 1 “(Penetrable mystery hangs over the being of 20 acres, and in 1750 Thomas fate of Erasmus Aaron. He disappeared James sold to Moses Aaron 1ST acres. i and though much search was madeTor This must have included 75 acres be¬ jtus body, it was never found. The third sides the 112, of which we do not have the ■ Ai°Se,S Aaron. had sons, Silas H. and previous record. Moss died in War¬ cDailes, the former well known in and wick in December, 1753. There is a pos¬ I near Doylestown. sibility that he had lived here as a ten¬ iRm.ni)etwilef’rhe next owner, sold in ant before 1750. There is a tradition, 1S.j0 to Emanuel Jacoby for §3400. Jacoby which cannot be verified, that he was in held it till 1869, when he sold to Edgar some manner dispossessed of the part Black and removed to Hatfield. The re- later held, by Thomas James in a manner I cent transfers have been: 1888, Sheriff not satisfactory. His wife, Who was a iComiy to George Black; 1871, estate of scold, was fiercely indignant, and in her f , Adam Gaul; 1889, wrath formally pronounced a “curse” Lafayette Hinkle bought the premises upon the property. In later times the | then comprising sixty acres. older and more superstitious neighbors, the hulands farm. when they saw evidences of bad farming | . This portion ot the old Aaron planta¬ or mismanagement on the part of suc¬ ceeding owners, were wont to say, “See tion was detached in 1801, when Moses Doll Moss’, curse yet rests upon the II Aaron sold to John Riale 64 acres. It was doomed premises.” piobably about this time when buildings During the long interval of a quarter were pur here, butthis is only conjecture. of a century between 1750 and 1776, when ■It was a Riale place lor more than sixty the younger Moses Aaron becam6 of Jr, ill- Riale bought of his father age, it is not known who farmed the i in l82o. Both were men ot ability and premises. It is certain that there were prominent in the comm unity, and both buildings there in 1765, as such are men¬ tioned in the will of Moses Aaron. diecfiSn.fdied m 1846 at the thegreat peace age 'of John87, and Riale' his We find the name of Moses Aaron son, David, reached a similar long life, among those who took the oath of alle¬ jibe later transfers have been: 1864,; giance in the Revolution, and in 1779 David Riale to Theodore M. Hoffman. 76 he was assessed for 187 acres, and as hold¬ | acres ; 18/0, Hoffman to John Hulands, ing one negrp slave—probably the one whose sudden death occurred only a few he had inherited by his father’s will. He | months ago. e?m was twdce married—the first time about [To be continued.] 1779, but to Whom, the writer is not in¬ formed. There was at least one child by ' his marriage, named Elizabeth, born in 1780, whomarfied James Pool, and later, Benjamin Janies. Her son, Aaron Pool, From,. lives in Philadelphia. She reached the great age of eighty-seven, dying in 1867. The second wife of Moses Aaron wras Hannah, daughter of Erasmus Kelly, of Hilltown. He died in middle life, Jan¬ uary, 1806, in his fifty-first year. His wife, who was born in 1765, had died still younger, in her 39th year, in June, 1804, leaving a houseful of small chil¬ dren. In his will, Moses Aaron left his property equally to his children, and ordered sale of his estate. His daughter Elizabeth, by his first wife, was already married in 1805. The other children OLD MANOR IIOlfSE IN ENGLAND. mentioned were Catharine, Margaret, Moses, Erasmus, Obed, Mary, Samuel, With Some Account of the TVunilyl i Ann and Benjamin. His brother-in-law, In that Country aiul This. - Ephraim Thomas and John Riale, Esq., were made executors. These executors sold the farm to Simon HE Livezey family, sometimes spelled Calendar in 1807, but who, in 1810 con¬ Livesey, is one of the oldest in the) veyed to Erasmus Kelly. He was the T County'. Jonathan, the first corner, owner in 1817, but some later transfers are not recorded. John C. Murphy was settled iti Solehtiry township soon: the owner after this time. In 1826, Obed after Penn’s second visit, December, Aaron bought of Sheriff Joseph Kintner 1690. Here he took up a tract of land 73 acres. He lived there for near a quar¬ a that included the old Stephen Townsend ter of a century. He married Mary, daughter of Samuel Mason, and had farm, on which ho built a one-story stone! three daughters. Of these, Hannah mar¬ house in 1732, and the Arinitage, Paxson, ried Lewis B. Thompson, a Doylestown and William Kitchen f'anns. The old lawyer, whilst Sarah Jane married Livezey homestead was torn down in Alfred Marple. Obed Aaron was an 1 ardent Jacksonian Democrat in his 184S. He married Esther Eastburn and youth. In his later years when had children—Jonathan, Nathan, Benia- despondent, his friends had only to re¬ inui and Joseph. Robert Livezey, the fresh his mind with memories of “Old father of that branch of the family pass¬ Hickory” and all would be bright again, ing off the stage of life, was the great j He sold the homestead in 1848, and some great grandson of Jonathan. | years later removed to the toll gate on The branch of the family living in 1his: ! the Whitehallyille turnpike in Horsham, county is remarkable for attaining great! I now.pvr kept by Christian Kerns. His death age, Robert Livesey, who was born in 173J ar>d died in 18C4 at the age of 84 wasM the father of eight children, all of whom 7, iB ,vero living down to 1803, when Samuel ■■____ _ died, Previous to hia death, not onl thA initials oi the names '.. were the eight children living’, the young- pi rid his wife (James Livesey end "Alice I cat being 49, but both parents in thoi ILivesPy) preceded by a motto. 'The win-! 84th year. Slows ot the upper story are mullioued, The family belongs to the parish of square-headed, with moulded drip-stones Blackburn, iu Lancashire, England, Tne east wing’ has three stories, and the where they lived many generations. In «astern frontage is relieved by a massive the reign of Queen Elizabeth and her chimney projection and a dormer on the successors, the Stuarts, they wore rated roof line. Above the first iloor window among the less wealthy of the lords of in the end of this wing is another manuis and I'reeholding gentry in the moulded stone panel with a motto over northeast of that county. The old Hall the initials of the owner’s name by whom of Livesey, the seat of the family, which it was rebuilt and those of his wife| took its name from the township of (Ralph and Anne Livesey) and the year Livesey, is standing, somewhat dilapi¬ of Uae restoration. dated by time, a little way off the old Another portion of the same eastern road from Blackburn to Preston, in the front was erected in 1666, including the valley of the River Darwen. about two projecting chimney. The architecture of| miles below Blackburn. this frontage is more quaint and dis¬ Within a circuit of ten or twelve miles tinctive than that of the remainder off are a number of old manor and jointure- the Hall. The west wing was built for iumses that in plan arid style of building the younger Ralph Livesey, in 1680, and resemble more or less closely Livesey on the lintel of the doorway are the Hall. Their restoration took place from lletters L 1500 to 1GG0. ltobert Livezey, Esq , who E A came into possession of the ancestral p home in 1530, on the death of his grand¬ The initials of the names of Ralphl father, Richard Livesey, commenced tlie Livesey, Ann, his wife, and Porter Live-P work of restoration. lie directed the re¬ sey, their son. Below are the liguresj building of the central block of the house 1689, denoting the year of building.! some time previous to 1G03, when it was Windows in this wing vary in size andl fini-hed. At this time the Livezey man¬ in position from those in the older struct-f or-estate consisted of over 500 Lansashire sires of the building at various periods.! acres of land, equal to about 1,000 statute The interior has been stripped ofi acres. He died iu April,1G19 and,having no nil (decorative appendages, butt' issue, by a settlement iu 1017 lie const!- he remains are sufficient to indicate# 1 nted his nephew, llalph Livesey, son of vwhat they once were. The spacious# flits brother John, his licit-. He came of dining room is on the right of the mair age in 1031, when he obtained possession entrance, lighted by the wide window 1 of the estate. lie rebuilt Iho east wing front,1 and the remains of the great oper 1 of 1 he Hall in 1GG6. tire place are on the oppoeiie side. Be-I r . This owner of the estate had a surviv¬ hind was the parlor in front of the east-1 ing son, Ralph, born iu 1657, and, upon wing, and was handsomely wainscoted# Lis marriage, the manor of Livesey was jvith carved and moulded oak panels.f ’ conveyed to Mis use. the deed of settle¬ |lfehlud the parior wasthe priiicipd stair- ment bearing date November 21,1632- He apprroaehed from the hall through! 1 obtained possession in bis lifetime, and wide passage, with its spindled balus¬ I added a new west- wing in 1689. He was trades, with seven short stages or flights,! Hi.succeeded by his son William Livesey, which .conducted to the bedrooms! HE and William’s son, Ralph, was the last n the floor above. The interior i jXsualo representative of his family. He (partition ivaks below and above atej ■ died iu 1766, but had leased Livezey Hall aurong framework' the wainscoting has! Sin 1719, and since that time the manor tea lord away from the/chambers above.! f;: Louse has not been the residence of the ftf the old trees planter! to shelteiT Q proprietor of the estate. (the maaw-house, are still (slanfiing.j The view of Livesey Hall, as it appears Livesey Ha.ff.ju spite of its dilapidation H in a drawing made by Herbert Railton, is an excHH.Tui?)v interesting relic of the! ■ and published in the May number of the past and a re of the manner ofg - i Art Journal, 1886, is that of a long struc- living of many ot t|J@ O/d English fami¬ Q, ture, broken up picturesquely by three lies that settled Buo^* eowpty in the lat¬ .gabled projections, which are those of ter part of the seventeen*" c,etMjry. j lll'5l ■ The wings and of the storied erection in old manor-house is one Ot ma best| ■ (the midst over tiie porch. The material samples of its kind in its day >fiugenep,1 ||vof the outer walls is grey-stone. The tion in Lancashire. jh Ibuilding is much dilapidated,and much of B it has non been habited for many years. ■ The windows are apertures without glass, the roofs are sinking, the coping- f|lstones are gradually beiDg detached and ■ some of the chimney stacks have been ^^jhlown down. These aie the oldest and most interesting portions of the manor house. The portions of the earliest date .■ are the porch and the recessed section between the porch and east wing. The [armorial bearings of the Liveseys are found on a carved stone in the wall above ■Hie main entrance—(argent, a lion ram¬ pant gules, between three trefoils tipped, vest). On the right of the porch is a THE LIVEZEY (FAMILY. wangmullioned window range, and, - above it is a small stone panel bearing HI story Corrected. an inscription which fixes the date of erection of this part, and furnishes Editor “ Daily Democrat I wish to ■■■4M| correct an error in the account of the first settlers of tile Livezey family, which half a century ago. An older stone appeared in the Daily Democrat of house, the former dwelling, stands in the June £4. In tiie first place none of rear, over a spring that drew the first the Livezey emigrants settled in Sole- settler here. The Almshouse road forms a portion of the southwest boundary of bury or Bucks county. Jonathan Live¬ the property. This farm has been for zey settled at the Fox Chase, in Ptula-i many years in possession of the Iveeley delphia county, and from them we trace family, and is the residence of Ellwood our genealogy. R. Mathew s, justice of the peace, and Abraham Faxon, ray grandfather, pur¬ son-in-lawr oi Mrs. Iveeley. chased the old Townsend farm in 1813, The original plantation was much and my father, Robert Livezey, moved larger, comprising land on which is now' thereon the following year. The addi¬ the Baptist parsonage, Conard’s black¬ tion to the old ‘‘Homestead” spoken of smith shop, the store of William Mat¬ was built by Stepnen Townsand m 1756. hews and several dwellings of the Now, we rdud in Sewell’s History that! village. A portion of the Baptist grave - william Penn in 1631 “went to America yard w as sold from it in 1846; the site for with much company,” and-it was said the railroad station in 1S55, and at other that Jonathan Livezey ^and two of his times the present properties of Beniamin brothers came over with that company,! Schuyler and Dr. Kratz on the southeast, and these three brothers settled inPhiia-’l the former’s boundary extending to the delphia county, as stated above, and Mill road. The strip between the Mill Jonathan at the Pox Cosse. in saidl road and the State road, now mostly , esunty. lie died September 23. 1G9S. He belonging to George Hoffman, was for a I left n son Jonathan, who was born March j long period called “land in dispute” be¬ 15. 1632. He married Esther East burn tween the old Shewell and Mason d align tor of Eobert Eosiburn, who lived! estates. near Fran'kford, in 1717, by whom he had This was part of the “Society lands,”, several children. Among them one wasl which was acquired by Jeremiah Lang-1 named Jonathan, born in 1719 He, the horne. There are several curious things said Jonathan, married Catharine I about its early history. One is that it Thomas in 1717, and aiso left several chil¬ remained unsold from the Langhorne dren, one of them named Daniel, born in 3 S estate until a later period than any other 1752. Said Daniel married Margery1 farms in this vicinity, or till thirty or Croasdale in 1778. forty years after the surrounding lands My father was Daniel’s son. born at the !had passed into the hands of those who Fox Chase, February 22, 17S0. Thus we themselves made the first improvements. trace our genealogy. The balance of the . The reason for this remains a mystery. account which appeared in the Democbat It must not be supposed that there was written from the History of the was no habitation here during all this Livezevs, published in the English Art: period, or that the land remained wholly Journal, and may be correct. in forest. On the contrarv, a dwelling stori- was built probably as early as 1730. Some of the deeds of surrounding properties iry given between 1730 and 1760 mention this land as owned by Aaron James, and I others say it was land merely “occupied by Aaron James.” At any rate the latter was the first settler, and he lived here 111* tor many years. Whether he was dis¬ )n possessed from a flaw in his title is un¬ of known. He was a Welsh Baptist, and an entry in Montgomery church book -S mentions that his wife Mary was re¬ dj ceived into that church, April 19, 1730. n In 1754, on the 28th of November, she J.OW- jwas dismissed to New Britain church along with her son Thomas, showing tht bei. that then they resided in that vicinitv. ;e in a What became of the family later is un¬ tion of1 known. They were not related to the family The Mason Plantation-Aaron James1 other numerous James family of the the First Settler—David Evans. township, and the later members of it jthin ' nad never heard of Aaron James, even Asj The Keei cyFarm-N evv by tradition. Britain. Jonathan Mason,who came from Lower Dublin hither, was the first owner of the This fine property partly surrounds property who received title from the }ew Britain village and church, and is .Langhorne estate, unless we may suppose that James had received such title, which divided by the Doylestown road into two he was unable to hold from lack of money. jnearly equal portions. The land slopes In 1759 Mason had bought 193 acres of ■ gently towards the southeast to the valley David Stephens, lying along Cook’s Run lof Cook’s Run, which stream ripples near its junction with the Neshaniiny, and on which he built a fulling mill ■through the woodland on its borders on which stood till 1830. This is now the jits way to the Neshaminv, which it is Landis property. In 1764 Mason bought |so°n to join. The line ot the North Penn the larger property under consideration. [railroad was cut through this forest from DEED TO JONATHAN MASON, 1764. jjGodshalk’s mill to New Britain station, This deed given in 1764 by Lawrence Hollowing the course of the brook. The Growden and Langhorne Biles, conveyed I buildings are on the eastern side of the 103 acres bounded as follows: Beginning highway, the dwelling being handsome atcorner of William Moses; thence south¬ [and substantial, though built more than west 101 perches ; thence southeast 35 74 perches to corner or meeting house lot; after. His children, to divide the prop thence by same northeast 16 perches to a erty instituted an amicable dlit.i.r.-s sale, black oak; southeast by same, 20perches; and in 1829, Stephen Brock sold for these southwest by same 16 perches ; thence heirs 111 acres to Michael Snyder, after¬ "southeast by David Stephen’s, Jonathan wards landlord at Line Lts:ingfon. In Mason aud David Morgan, 129 perches to this transaction we have mention of corner in land lately in dispute between ' Robert Sheivell and Langhorne Biles and these children of Andrew Mason, viz:" Lawrence Growden: thence along said Sarah, wife of Nathan Riale ; Mary, wife disputed land northeastSO perches; thence of Obed Aaron ; Margaret, wife of John by Samuel Martin northwest 73 perches; Potts; Eliza, v> ife of Isaac Oakford; thence northeast by same 22 perches ; Rachael, wife of Charles Loekman, and thence by William Rioses northwest 1101 Jane, wife of John Mathias. Of these perches to beginning. That same year both Eliza and Paohael died near Prince¬ ton, Illinois, where they left descendants. on November 22, Mason gave a mortgage j on the property, in which it is styled a None are now living but Jane Mathias.) j “messuage plantation” or one with ai In 1835Snyder sold the farm to Andrew house on it, indicating that some one had Swartz, who, the next year, transferred built and made improvements before he to John Eians, of Montgomery town¬ came there. The above boundary also ship. In 1839 John Evans sold to his shows internal evidence of being merely brother, David Evans, then a carpenter a copy of an older conveyance to some living in Philadelphia. Loth these, along one. with their brother, Joseph, had received The ownership of Jonathan Mason fortunes from the estate of their brother, lasted nearly thirty years during the Robert Evans, a merchant tailor who had Revolutionary period. Three of the acquired a competence in New Orleans, name of Mason took the oath of allegi¬ where he died of yellow fever in 1835. ance, Jonathan Mason, Paul Mason and DAVID EVANS. Jonathan Mason, Jr. In the assessment These brothers, four in number, were ol 1779 we find the names of Jonathan sons of Nathan Evans, who had married Mason as owning eighty-six acres, and of John Mason as married and Samuel Mary, daughter of Thomas Mathews Mason single, both are presumed sons ol| ■ David was born September 10,1794, andj the first named. The name of John Ma¬ learned the trade of carpenter. His firs son does not appear in the assessment of : wife was Elizabeth Lunn, of Hilltown, 1785 and he may have removed elsewhere. by whom he had children, Robert and - Jonathan Mason had been born in 1716, Mary. The former is still living in New | we believe in this country, and his life Jersey, and the latter married Prof. went to the age of seventy-seven. His '.Charles James, of Lewisburg and other| death occurred April 6th, 1793, and he was colleges. She died recently in West buried in the adjoining church yard of Chester. Two of her sons, Sexton and \ ; New Britain, of which church lie was a j Charles, are now Baptist clergymen. The £ member. second wile of David Evans was Mary, WILL OF JONATHAN MASON. daughter of John Rowland, of Hilltown. This was made in 1790 and registered She was a lady of unusual gifts in a social on the 16th of May, 1793. In this docu¬ and conversational way, charming in her ■Jmanner even to advanced age. Her ment children Samuel, John, Rachel, daughters were of similar gifts and their Lucretia, Mary, Jemima and Christiana presence graced the village choir forty are mentioned, though there was also a years ago. One of the younger is now son Andrev/. His son Samuel got the the wife of Rev. William Garner, of Ber¬ New Britain homestead and also the full- wyn, Chester county, a well-known Bap- -ing mill on Cook’s Run ; also, “two hun¬ 1 tist minister. dred acres which I bought of James : David Evans was one of the most pub¬ Montgomery in Westmoreland county”— lic spirited men that ever lived at New : a speculative venture probably. His son Britain. He was foremost in every good 7 John got $350, Lucretia, wife of Alexan¬ work of improvement, both secular and der McIntosh, Mary, wife of Benjamin religious, and the public school system Morris, and Jemima, wife of Isaac found in him an ardent advocate at a James, $80 each. His single daughter period when in that community it need¬ , Christiana got $106 and Rachel $126. The ed defenders. In 1841, lie built a house, flatter afterwards became the second wife which at that time, was considered one of of Benjamin Mathews, Esq., Mary, a the best in the county, and this was the; | daughter of his son John, also received a hospitable home for many yea±s of every legacy. visiting Baptist clergyman. Towards SAMUEL MASON. the close of his life, his fortune becom¬ Samuel Mason the nex-t owner, was ing considerably impaired, he secured employment as inspector on the Dela¬ 'born in 1743, and carried on farming and ware canal, which then belonged to the |his business as a fuller of cloth. At the State, and ti e offices connected with the Tittle mill on the brook by the meadow managemem were the gift of the domi-j,, ' side, were employed fullers, skilled in nant political party. Whilst employed! their trade. Among these were Isaac in the duties of his office he was strickenf? - Benner, to whom Mason sold a lot at with the hand of deathin the form ot apo¬ ■ New Britain cross roads, where Benner plexy and died May 16, 1856, at the built a house on the northern corner in age of sixty-two. His widow sold the ’1823. Samuel Mason was a single man property in 1S57 to Richard Hamilton all his days, which were many, extend¬ and removed to Lewisburg, where she ing to his eighty-fourth year. His death died in 1S88. at the age of 7S. Her sons ■' took place September 10th, 1827. He was Edwin and Charles were soldiers in the a soldier in the Revolution, and was in Civil war, the latter being a captain. active service November 1st, 1777, under The former afterwards became a lawyer, Captain Henry Darrah. Andrew Mason, and practiced at Sunbury, where he died, his brother, appears to have taken the in 1873, and his brother Charles diedj property, but his death occurred soon previous! cnaxd tlamiiton, the next owner, pole at this corner, and from the second- was a native ot the north of Ireland. He story porch of this house Thomas Ross kept possession till the close ot the Civil and other speakers addressed the advo¬ war, when he removed to Doylestown, cates of the election of James K. Polk. where he died. He sold in 1805 to Isaac In 1848 Albert G. Hendricks bought it, Keeley, formerly of Berks county, whose built a blacksmith shop and a new house. widow, Mrs. Rebecca Keeley, is yet' At that time he was widely known as a owner ot the property. music teacher. The later transfers-of the- THE GARIS LOT. lot have been: 1856, Hendricks to The Garis lot was originally a piece of Charles Lachner; 18o8, Lackner to Joseph Shewed; 1868, Shewell to Thomas twelve acres detached from the east side Good; 1872, Good to Josiah Meredith. of the Mason farm in 1835. It adjoined1 The latter died in the fall of that year, the mill road, and a dwelling was erected but his widow, Mrs. Sarah Ann Mered¬ near the former Thornton woodland, ith. has resided there ever since. .Solomon Garis, ofPlumstead, bought of The store was erected in 1866 by Joseph Michael Snyder, Garis remained here till P. Mathews and sous, and lias now.for old age, or tor over thirty years, when many years been kept by William being a widower and childless, he Mathews. The parsonage lot was de¬ removed elsewhere. He sold in 1866 to tached from the Evans place in 1852, and Albert G. Hendricks. Later transfers was first occupied by Rev. William were: 187u, Hendricks to David Craft his Wilder, who was pastor of the church brother-in-law; 187-3, Craft to Giorge from 1850 to 1854. He came from V.'esterr Gale; 1S74, Gale to Isaac Conrad; 1884, New York and afterwards removed tc Conrad sold twenty-one acres to Minnesota._ e. m. , Beniamin Schuyler, late director of the poor. A portion of the land was a sandy knoll_, and the sand being excellent for / building purposes, large quantities have P From, t CF. been since quarried and shipped by Mr. Schuyler. A portion of this property, adjoining the Almshouse road and Cock’s Run, has been separated, and is now the home of Dr. Kratz, whose dwelling is pleas- . ,aantly situated in a copse of woodland. ■When this circular piece of timber was ■owned by David Evans it was the scene of the first Sunday school picnics held SOME BOCKS COUNTY FAMILY NAMES. in Bucks county. These were begun in 1846, under the inception of Rev. Heman Read Before the Bucks County Histori¬ Lincoln, then pastor of the church, who being a Bostonian had some fresh and cal Society at Doylestown, January innovating ideas, with which he started 17, 1893, toy Charles P. Jenk¬ the conservatives of the church and (neighborhood. During the ownership ins, of Philadelphia. of Hendricks, who built the house for a summer boarding house, it was a lively When asked by the President cl your place at that season, as he had many society to prepare a paper to be read on guests. this occasion I had in mind a sketch of THE BENNER LOT. Thomas Canby, one of the early Bucks The fifth house erected at New Britain county settlers, a man of standing and cross roads was that built and occupied ability, and in a genealogical way, one off by Isaac Benner at the north corner. the most interesting of subjects. How¬ This is supposed to have been erected in ever, it occurred to me that it might be,, 1812. At any rate, at that date, Benner! more interesting, instead, to trace in a! bought one acre from his employer. I Samuel Mason, for §133—a sum too small general way the origin and derivation of' to indicate an existing dwelling. The some of your Bucks county family death of Benner took place in 1832. He names. Such a work is clearly within was then quite an aged man, having been born in 1744—probably a German. He is the scope of the Historical Society. As remembered for his cat, which animal the name of a town or place refers to the lived to lie nineteen years old, and faith¬ period of its foundation and the customs fully followed its master to and fro from and traits and even the histoiy of those:' his work, halt a mile away, with the gjfidelity of a dog. who named it, so family names show us After the death of Benner his house in their origin, the times, customs, sur¬ appears tor a time to have come into roundings, the occupations and character¬ possession of Samuel Hogeland, and was seized ’ y Sheriff William Field in 1836 istics of our ancestors. We learn of in¬ I and sold to John Evans, the lot thus be¬ vasions and conquests or ot peaceful im¬ ing reunited to the farm. In 1839 David ■ migrations in names foreign to their Evans bought this along with the farm surroundings; we can trace pestilence, of his brother John. For several years * prior to 1844 and down to 1856, with some wars and death in names forgotten and exceptions, it was rented to the Hen¬ extinct. In changes in the spelling and dricks family. Charles Hendricks car¬ form we can note the growth of learning, ried on blacksmithing and was sexton of the church. During the campaign ofj and the advancement in the social posi¬ 1844 the Democrats erected a hickon tion and power of man and in the varia¬ tion of name systems in different |,eoun tries can be noted, their compara- ' O&L r. § Vtf' citizens, inathirdthepastoralormari-’ another, thewar-likeinstinctsolitsI that itspeoplearegivenovertosupersti¬ the nameusedinafourthmayshowus time characterofthepopulation,while•« general way;tracing,however,the the subjectinasomewhatbroadand Well nighimperishablenature,trueand, hand withhistory,furnishingbytheir tion andidolatry.Namesgohandin interesting recordsofthepast. special applicationtofamilynamesas- sources andderivationsofnameswith races oftheOldWorld,withtheir try withitsaccessionsfromallthe 40,000 differentsurnames.Inthiscoun¬ found inBuckscounty. mercial Reportsandthesubscription names atmycommand—thesuburban the ratherlimitedlistsofBuckscounty different languagesandnamesystems, lists ofanagriculturalpaper—Ihadno section oftheBlueBook,Dun’sCommer-1 English history,thatsurnames were England itwasnotuntilaftertheNor¬ nomenclature onamoresolidbasis.In like apreconcertedmovementtoplace1 civilized Europe,whatalmostseems centuries thattherewas,throughout of factitwasintheeleventhandtwelfth name, becameanecessity.Asmatter cult andmorefrequentthatfurtherpar¬ intercommunication becamelessdiffi¬ names. Itwillbepossibletousebuta 2000 EnglishandAnglicisedGermansur¬ difficulty inmakingacollectionofover the numbermustbefargreater.With had notlongbeforeadopted thecustom who regardeditasamark ofdistinction man Conquest,thatall-dating eventin ticularity, thanthemerelypersonal increased, whencommercespreadand vidual. Itwasonlywhenpopulation which withusishereditary.Allof• have beenformedinGermanymuch the Germaninupperendand■" nant classesofsurnamesinthecounty, made thatbroadlymarksthetwodomi-v small proportionofthese. would haveaught todowiththesystem. selves whointroducedthe systemand became hereditary.TheNormans them-$ used, anditwasstillsome timeerethey imnlao.ahlp flplf. inhismaintaintVistnPs.s years erethe conqueredSaxonThane from theFrench.Itwas stillmany that wasneededtodesignatetheindi¬ lated andsmallasingfenamewasall Originally whencommunitieswereiso- with thatlanguagetogivethemeaning would beimpossibleioronenotfamiliar English inthelower.Whilesurnames ery bordertotheriver,adivisionis tv, nearthemiddle,fromMontgom-SB circumstance connected withthe birth implacable Celt inhismountainfastness and hisstillmore unpliablechttrlorthe four, andafewhavefiveorevenmore. some, likeyourhonoredpresident,have have twonames,mostofusthree, given atbirth,andthesurnameorfamily classes, theChristianname,whichis hardly necessarytosay,areoftwo English origin. the majorityofthoseIhaveusedare of thedifferentGermannames,sothat the samemannerasinGreatBritain,it significant. They related to some It willbenecessaryto-nighttotreat There aresaidtobeinEnglandoverj minehce ofecclesiasticalinfluences,in If wedrawalinethroughBuckscoun- Names asappliedtopersons,itis All names asoriginally given were _ nomenclatureofonecountypre- arcls ofcivilization.We 50 •' see § iff*.'-. m Mr. Riderperformsallhis journeyson his physicalormentalcharacteristics., family names. of somephysicalormentalcharacteristic, mother, oragainitmightbedescriptive was “drawnfromthewater”thisbeingI himself wassocalledfromthefacthei We seethisinthewritingsofMosesand the indivic class, some representative Bucks county] as far as possible,and asmembers ofai ship, letusnow considerimpersonally, | ship, friendship ormereacquaintance¬ in ourminds itsownerandhisconnec¬ mentioned nottoimmediately bringup; the booksofOldTestament.Mosesj tion toourselves, beitthatofrelation¬ Mr. Barker’s reverse. Whateveritwas,becamepart! perhaps complimentaryandpossiblytheI appearance. Rachelonherdeathbed Mr. Gotobedsitsuptillhalfafterthree, and parcelofaman’sproperty,givento from thepersonalnameofhisfatheror: It mightbeapatronymic,nametakenf patiou orofsometitlerankoffice. property ownedorthenameoftown “the hairyone,”describedhispersonal Mr. Metcalferanoffuponmeetingacow, Mr. Swifthobblesonward,nomortal his descendantsandbythempassedonto It mightbethedesignationofhisoccu-[ local peculiaritythatmarkedhishome. in whichtheindividuallivedorsomef name mightbethedesignationof taken they,too,weresignificant.Thef hand.” WeseetheCelticlathercalling ing “sonofmysorrow',”buthisfather] within ourobservationto-day.Weisee when surnamesfirstbecamehereditary, ing anyotheroccupation.Camden,one other generations.Inagenerationorft’ ion andtheseventhchildofRomani named himBenjamin,“sonofmyright! Mr. Gardenercan’ttellaflowerfrom evil namesdisgracethegood.”Thisis names doegracethebad,neither of thegreatauthoritiesonEnglish his sonRhysfromreddishcomplex-1 called hernewbornson,Benoni,mean-! the interpretationofhisname.Esau,or “Mr. Oldcastledwellsinamodembuiltl trary natureofsurnames,asw'efindl Horace Smithhasexpressedthiscon¬ lowdy origingracingthegoodandwise. the dustandsomecommonnameof quaintly says,“fornowneitherthegood nomenclature, wholivednearthetime might betailorsormerchantsfollow-H given. JohnCarpenter’sdescendantst two thesenameswouldlosethesignifi¬ parent calledSeptimus. Of allthequeerbachelorsCupide’ercut them to-day,inthefollowinglines: proud andhonorablenamesdraggedin cance forwhichtheywerefirsttakenor Mr. Wildwithtimiditydraws back, And Mr.Footeallhis journeys on Although itishardwhen anameisI Mr. Makepeacewasbredanattorney. With paleMr.Turnbullbehindhim! Mr. Milesnevermovesonajourney, He movesasthoughcordshaden¬ So itwaswhensurnamesbegantobel Old Mr.Younghusband’sthestarchest. Miss SageisofMad-capsthearchest,! foot sea, knows how, YOOt, hUt,. horseback!” twined him, as lescrit; mute asafishinthe _ wayi • 5ne great source from which surnames j Townsend is a good example; meaning I have been derived are the towns, the la man living at the towns’end. Hallo- hamlets, or the homes ot our early an¬ I well would be applied to one living near cestor. It was natural that a man a holy well-in the middle ages a com- D should be known by the name of his es¬ ' m«n title given to many springs. tate or holding or that he should be de¬ | Penms a good Celtic word meaning scribed as of such and such a place. | the top of a hill or source of a Stream r-l I Some may have thought that it has been was not able to find this name in Bucks! j their family name which has given the county. “§3 | appelation to some locality, but in Eng¬ Cope and Knowles also mean the top land, the reverse is the case. Place j?.r sunmiit of a mound or hill and Hi ID' j names existed long before surnames and itseif is a surname, as is also Hillborn some of the former are to-day the sole t° dw®llers on lower ground. i remains of obsolete and forgotten dia¬ \\ e find Lea and Moore or as it is called I lects. Many place names, however, m England Moore, Marsh, Heath Dafe were originally taken from personal I names. As English local nomenclature land and Fel1’ a stretcl1 of bare elevat: I was in turn influenced by the Briton, the j The Bucks county Fells are descended I tteis^s?’ tbe Saxorb the Dane and the from ancestors who took their names" *'■ po England’s place names pre- 'from Furness Fells in Northern Eng-- I sent a gioat variety of form and termi¬ land. Ross is a heathland and also as nation. From the “by” endings of Danby, promontory. Biackfan came original!v, j I tirlLpsby and many others in Eastern I think, from a Black fan, while Croa's- | England, we see the Scandivanian lin- dale, Martindale and Iredell are each | tluence. To the Saxons we owe the lrom some little valley of the same- many “wicks,” “steads,” “tuns” and c a me. | hams” and of later origin “ley,” “ford ” Shaw applies to a small copse or wood} bury” and “boro.” Bucks county and Bla.ckshaw, an early name in Falls? I township names of Buckingham, Sole- township, would be a dark woods Hav I bury, W arwick. Plumstead and W ar- hurst means an enclosed woods. rington give us nearby examples. Mill, Wood, Hall, Ferry, Rivers; I I There is an old saying for which, how- Brooks, Rhoades, Havens, Church, Kirk ’ | ever, there is but little foundation that 1 oot, Green, Field and Bane are all * "* f r cal Society at Doylestown, January a hundred years names with seven or1 ! eight generations as an appendage were; .17,1893, by Charles F. Jenk¬ / to bo met with. A story is told ol an| ins, of Philadelphia. ’ unfortunate Welshman with such a name. An Englishman was riding along! Another common way ot forming pat¬ a dangerous mountain road when he!; * heard far below a cry ot distress proceed-! ronymics was to put the parent’s name ing apparently from a man who had the genitive case and omit the “son.” i tumbled over the cliff. Listening her f names like this ot English origin we Iieard the words in a voice truly Cam- ve Stevens, Rogers, Robbins, Peters, fforian: “Help, master, help.” “Help,1 what, hold on, who are you?” Back -dams, Edwards, Matthews and Phillips H-tiame the response, “John ap David apj so Bates a diminutive oi Bartholomew, l Lloyd ap Evan ap Morgan.” “Lazy. 'licks a derivation from Isaac and Clem ' fellow that you be,” responded the Eng-f Wiishman, “to lie lolling in that hole. ensirom Clement. hen there are many: Why don’t ye help one another out,” andl surnames which were personal names with that he set spurs to his horse and! and seem to have been simply appro¬ srode away, leaving poor John ap David,| priated and used as such without change .etc., , to his fate. f form,—Warner, Walter, James, Good- At the time of the settlement of Rich¬ ,’in, Goodman, Henry, Ritchie, from land, Hilltown and New Britain, intol Richard, Merrick, Baldwin, Jarrett, a -which the Welsh had overflown from! corruption of Gerald, Rowland, Paschall, Merlon, Gwynedd and Montgomery,! Arnold, George, Everett, a corruption of -contact with the English led to the adop¬ Everard, Osborne, Gilbert, Barrett, tion of a stationary surname. The tran¬ Titus and Fabian. You will notice that sition from one system to another made! -bus few of these are now used as Christ- some changes. For instance, the four ,ian names. In some instances, as might brothers, Evans of Gwynedd and the[ bceur in the case of a widow the children Owens of Merion, were the sons of bro¬ p.,:were .given their mother’s name forming thers, Owen ap Evan and Evan ap Evan.; j,a} metronymic. Betts is traced in this The children of the former carried the! cja -way to Betty and Babb from Barbara. Welsh system down a generation more; The Welsh surnames as statea a few and being ap Owens took Owens as their uoments ago. belong almost entirely to surname, while the others took Evans as! he patronymic class. The old Welsh theirs. John Humphrey’s son. who was! arne system was confusing in the ex- Humphrey ap John, became Humphrey! reme. The word “ap” meaning “son ot” John or Huiriphrey Jones, Jones being v&s used in connection with the father’s she genitive form of John and one of the! ae to designate the son ; thus David most common of our surnames, ranking! he son of Lloyd would be David ap second only to Smith. Hugh ap Grif-f loyd and in turn his son would be Rees fith’s son became Robert Hugh, and thus p David. Carried down in this way , the name of Hughes. Pugh is derived in | torn generation to generation it was Gcthe same way, being ap Hugh. Powell1 nly by feats of memory or most care- jits ap Howell; Price, ap Rhys, and Parry,| ully preserved records that the descent ap Haz-ry. Davids is a common Welsh! ud genealogy ot a family could be pre- name, formed like some of the English; erved. Perhaps it was to this very patronymics. Davis, Davies and Davi-! fiort, needed to preserve such a line, son, which are all derived from Davids, j hat is due the tact that the Welsh gen¬ are in point of numbers fifth in the lists j ealogies are so complete. The Foulkes of names in England and Wales.- Will¬ f Bucks county, in Richland and Buck¬ iams, Harris. Lewis, Reese and Rice,| ingham, tracing their descent from Evans and Ivans (a corruption), Jenks.l Edward Foulke, the emigrant, are Morgan and Meredith are all of Welsh! mabled by a record preserved by him to vorigin. Some of the early Thomas’ in I •go back through Foulke ap Thomas ap Bucks county came from Wales and i Evans on up ten more generations to i.some from England. C’adwallader is one! Kirid Flaidd, Lord of Pennlyn, who is ot the purest and oldest of Celtic names,! frequently mentioned in Welsh chroni¬ dating to the early annals of Wales and cles ot the latter part of the twelfth cen¬ meaning “battle arranger! tury. Edward Fbulke’s wife’s ancestry Of very great interest is the formation pn her mother’s side could be traced of surnames among the Irish and the Lack fourteen generations. This lengthy Highlanders of Scotland. As soon as pedigree, however, is overshadowed by ■' the head of a clan had adopted some the record of John Thomas, one of the hereditary name, that name was taken •early Welsh settlers in Pennsylvania. It by all his vassals, even if they were .not ■starts out with Thomas ap Hugh and in ■related by blood. This was on the prin- generations through a long line ot eiple that the chief was but the elder iifcf'. .. m. 71 / ■■BH9HZZ _ er of a large family and the name the Cooks, WTrightsiandSfiepJjer3sV These which he took belonged to all that are all occupations, the designations ol family. which are familiar with us to-day. There;' In Ireland the great majority of names are some names of this kind, however, of •ot .clans, borrowed as they were from which it is necessary .to know something [some illustrious chief or ancestor, were of the social and mechanical conditions prefixed by O, which means a grandson of our ancestors, belore we can trace i j^.nty gives us such names as Black, in this and lStonfgomery'ccamfyVhas 1 ■ Elackman, Brown, Gray, White, White- his name spelled in almost a dozen dif-j head, Keid from Red, Large, Long, ferent ways. As many of our early an-C Tallman, Armstrong, Stout, Strong, "cestors could not write, their names werel Small, Lightfoot and Hardy. 1 ndeed the left to the mercy of every clerk or con-1 ■ list might almost be indefinitely drawn veyancer who would sometimes spellp I® out. From moral or mental qualities "> ' ■! ■ Mt them phonetically and then again with! we find Good the name of the honest as many letters as he could possibly! , carpenter who built Buckingham, - jcrowd* in. Livezey is another name,, Meeting House, Noble,Grace, Fine, Calm which appears differently in different! Keen, Sharp, Rich and Eyre, meaning an places. In some of the old deeds and! heir, Child, also, meaning a son or heir. records it is written Loosley and I findj! m A brief mention of names of this class that it is still pronounced in this way! | brings us to those names which are among some people and in some neigh-l |derived from.natural objects and whose borhoods. It*is to this variation in or-I application or origin as applied to sur- thography that we occas’onally see fami¬ names is difficult or impossible tounder- lies spelling their names one way and| stand. One would suppose that almost some another. The names Reed, Reic any one of the four ways, that have been and Read are all derived from the same mentioned, the home, the occupation, the source. In the town where I live one oil father’s name or some personal descrip¬ the great social problems is whether! tion would have been sufficient to supply Wister should end with “er” or “ar’; surnames for all the families living at the Some of you whose surnames I hav< time, but it does not seem to have beenll used may have had different theories anc the case. Names have been taken from (traditions as to the origin of your namel every imaginable source. The heavenly ,1 can only say in conclusion that thf bodies, trees, animals, plants, fruits, !literature on the subject is quite volutnj flowers, periods of time, the metals, inous and should you take the trouble tq have all been appropriated. The few investigate for yourselves you will fine following will give you an idea of their I it, I think, both interesting and fruitful! character and how some are represented While in some few cases the authorities here. I find Elms, Wood, (these might disagree, on the whole there is an una'hig have been locality names), Flowers, mity in their conclusions which placet Leafe, Fern, Rose, Cherry, Beans and the whole subject of family uomenclal Apple in the vegetable kingdom. Fox, ture beyond the pale of surmise amj Hart, Kidd, Wolf, Otter and Brock in the hypothesis. animal. Brock is a badger in several dialects and in others it signifies a horse. Rook, Bird, Hawk and Drake represent the feathered kingdom. From minerals! From, dLcJjeJMjL.. -k there are Copper, Steele, Flint, CJay and Stone. As parts of a house vffiich however may have been local namesl k there are Chambers, Kitchen and Hall and of miscellaneous character Hood, Ball, Day, Horn, Potts and Winter. n The one name system still exists to-day DateT among savage and uncivilized people. 4 Among the Indians and the colored people we can study in this country and HISTOEI UNMEET. at this time, in the case of the Indians, k’h: the formation of an interesting class of f surnames. In the recent Indian out¬ f breaks one ofthe chiefs who took a prom¬ BUCKS COCSTY HiSTOI inent part was “Young Man Afraid of SOCIETY AT MENl O. His Horses,” whichif used by his'descen- dants will make a very cumbersome but a striking appellation. Jennie, Chief Tiie Midsummer Meeting Held in Perkasie’s Black Kettle’s daughter comes to the Carlisle school and forthwith becomes Beautiful Park Where Cool Breezes Miss Jennie Black-Kettle. In the same way James Standing-deer gets his name, Fan the Cheeks of Those Who Delve a name that will no doubt become heredi¬ intheKecords ofthe Past. tary with his generation but which may become shortened to simply Deer in the next. The colored people usually The summer meeting of the Bucks I adopted the surname of their master or County Historical Society was held at, boldly appropriated some illustrious name that struck their fancy, George the beautiful Menlo Park, at Perkasie, Washington and Thomas Jefferson being on Tuesday. The weather was oppres¬ particular favorites. Surnames among sive but the refreshing breezes for which these people are the only ones which may be said to have originated in this country the heights, upon which the pavilion is yet some of our Bucks county names located, are noted were not wanting and have undergone slight changes in spell¬ the small audience present at the session ing since they were first brought here. of the society was able to enjoy the read¬ Eastburn, an old Rucks county name, was spelled in the old records, East¬ ing ofthe excellent papers without dis¬ bourne, while John Sotcher, Penn’s comfort from the effects of the “sizzard” steward at Pennsbury, whose name sig- ■ that seemed to prevail everywhere. nifies one who works in leather, had his The first session was scheduled to open name spelled Satcher and Sotcher indis crimately. Rynier Tyson, one of Cre-j ! at 10.30 a. in., but as the president did not felders who with Pastorius settled Ger-| arrive until an hour later he thought it mantown and the ancestor of the Tysons wise to postpone the reading of papers until after the officers, members | monotonous he traveled extensively. and visitors had fortified themselves with His superiors soon found him a man of lunch. It is possible he had heard of the too liberal views and after traveling from I preparations that had been made for the: ; court to court, he determined to go to leventand wished to ascertain if rumor j England by way of Paris, where he met had reported correctly. At all events lour Franklin and Deane, the commis¬ lunch was first had, and then it was dis- sioners there, who from deep insight into |covered that Dame Rumor was correct. our general affairs at home saw in the The park management, having heard of chivalric young Baron the very man .j ■ the penchant of the president oftheso- needed, as drill master, to bring order ‘ • ciety for cherry pie, had ordered one out of the chaos of the Continental Army. (made in the good old style of the upper After debating italong time he came, be¬ end, with cherry pits andall, to the thick-*! ing disgusted with the hollowness of the ness of from one-and-a-halfto two inches. courts, in a vessel which caught tire three • (The substantial, yet withal delicate, times and the hatches full of gunpowder. piece of pastry was presented to the presi¬ He arrived at Portsmouth 1777. with dent and it was only upon his suffrance his suite. On horseback they proceeded that the other members of the society to fork, Pa., where Congress was in ses¬ enjoyed sampling it. sion. The Baron was for a time much It was half-past one when General W. depressed because he did not understand W. H. Davis called the society to order the language used, but when he came to and asked for the reading of the minutes Pennsylvania he became another man of the January meeting and the report of because he heard the language of his the secretary and treasurer. This home. At York he was received with routine business over the society at once great honor. In the most complimen¬ del ved into historical matters, four able tary terms Congress detailed him to pro¬ papers being read. ceed to Valley Forge and report to Gen¬ The first was on “The Bristol Road,” eral Washington. I trust ail here know t |by Rev. S. P. Hotchkin, of Bustleton, what the state of things were at Valley I and it was followed by one on “The Forge in the gloomiest period of those S Bucks County Jail,” by~Rev. D. K. Tur- gloomy days. ner, of Hartsville. Henry C, Mercer, of Steuben was appointed by Washington Doylestown, read an interesting paper to the then most important office of in¬ under the caption of “Notes Taken at spector general. He at once set to work Random,” which consisted of unpublish¬ reorganizing and drilling the barefooted, ed local traditions collected in his travels. ill-clad army almost incessantly—it is All of the above papers will be published said he did it to keep them from freezing entire in subsequent issues of the IN¬ Much could be said of his work, Jet one TELLIGENCER. word of Lossing express all when he The last paper of the session was read says, After this the Continental Regu¬ 8 by Rev. J. G. Dengler, of Sellersville, lars were never beaten in a fair fight.” and was, as he said, a “ Local Melange.” Steuben did his full duty to the end of ! Owing to a want of time to cast about the war, commandingdivisionsin battles for historical material, on accoufit of his and directing the trenches in the siege of wrork as chairman of the committee of York town. The General a number of arrangements for the celebration of the times declined promotions, and smiled centennial of the Reformed church on at the promotions which some received Saturday, Mr. Dengler said he had been After the war he lived in New York city’ unable to prepare a paper worthy the spending his summer months on his land dignity and purpose of the historical m Oneida county. He was an active elder society and the honor of the part of the m our church in Nassau street, of which county which has received and maintain¬ the learned Rev. Dr. Gross was pastor, \ edJ him as a citizen. In preparation for Ihe whole community honored thesome- the centennial celebration Mr. Dengler what eccentric Baron. He could by his said he was led to an investigation of the presence quiet any disturbance and an' records of the early and trying days of angry crowd would stop to give three he Reformed church in America, and | careers for Baron Steuben. Immediately cere found much of great interest. He after his death his aide, General North, said he was peculiarly attracted by had a tablet erected in the church of which certain characters to a few whom, for tior7-aS 3 member» bearing this inscrip- want of a better subject now, he would call their attention by way of presenting “Saered to the memory of Frederick the character of one who spent his closing William Augustus—Baronde Steuben—a days in this part of the county, and w^hose German; Ivnight of the Order of Fidel- ashes lie in the old graveyard of the ■ Aide-de-Camp of Frederick the Indian Creek Reformed Church near I Great, King of Prussia; Major-General Telford. The following are extracts from and Inspector-General of the Revolu¬ this paper. tionary War, esteemed, respected and : Our attention was directed to a very supported by Washington. He gave strong character among many others in . military skill and discipline to the citi¬ connection with our celebration—an el¬ zen soldiers who, fulfilling the decree of der in the Reformed church to the close! heaven, achieved the Independence of the ’ of his life. We refer to Baron Von • f United States. The highly polished man¬ Steuben. We question whether the ners of the Baron were graced by the whole list of eminent men present a unost noble feelings of his heart. His more interesting character than General hand, open as day for meeting charity, m Von Steuben, when properly studied. ;closed only in the strong grasp of death. Born in Magdeburg, Germany, in 1730,, ; Ibis memorial is inscribed by an Amer¬ his father a very distinguished officer in ican who had the honor to be his aide- the Prussian army, in which the Baron jde-camp, the happiness to be his friend.” was a cadet at the age of 14,soon stood very .N o wonder, then, that such a character near that ruggedly grand character, arrested our attention for a moment. WTe Frederick the Great, fought gallantly in iturn from other distinguished laymen of the seven years war, became grand mar¬ our church, i. e., Hillegass, the honest shal at court, but when court life became Treasurer of those days, the honest friend 'Vj-JSvv if. .■1 Washington, tio one or two others. in favor of slavery,and so all through. .Let one brief remark signify much. With Go back to the Revolution. Go to the but very tew exceptions all the pastors, city of New York as it then was, at a of the Reformed church were earnest ad¬ time when the British ruled there in vocates of independence. In their re¬ outer affairs and especially in high social I ports to the authorities in theoldcouutry matters. The Nassau Srreet Reformed," they spoke of the British as enemies. Church was a very prominent and high-' We could easily trace the cause of this, j ly influential congregation. Their pastor both in the trials through which they was a young man not only of the very' passed in the old country as well as in highest order of mental training of the! the new conditions here, but we cannot best universities of Germany but a man' now. of refined culture and accustomed to' They appointed days of fasting and move in the best circles of polished l prayer. The texts chosen on especially! society. His first relation to the British I those days show, what was their spirit, it would seem to have been purely social,! and it is no wonder that they fre¬ but it did not end there. From personal! quently got into trouble with the Eng¬ attachment he was led to avow the prin-| lish, e. <7., Rev. John H. Weikel, pastor! ciples of his friends of influence andL tor of Boehms’ church, in Montgomery from this he was led to become an out-K county, preached on text, “ Better is a spoken loyalist. This was well enough'; poor and wise child than an old and for the polished pastor so long as the! foolish King who will no more be ad¬ British had the rule, social and other-, monished.” A preacher who had cour¬ wise, but the tables turned and thepas-i age to select such a text had grit enough tor of Nassau street found himself where to say something on it too. many others found themselves, on the[ Rev. Dr. Wey berg, of Race stret, Phil¬ j wrong side of popular opinion and favor.l adelphia, was imprisoned for his patriot¬ It is easy to see why the days of use-f ism, and his church occupied by fulness of this pastor came to an end andF the British. He preached expressly an unpleasant end. He quietly left NewL once to the Hessian mercenaries and Tork. He moved to Montgomery,where! it was said if they would not he remained to the close of the war, and! silence him the whole body of them: soon afterwards he went to Halifax and', would leave the British cause. On the in 17S8 he wandered to Pennsylvania, tol Sunday after his liberation from prison, our own county, to Rockhill township, j and seeing how the British had desecrat¬ preached inTohickon and otherchurchesf ed his church, which cost over $2500 to not even one year. He died in the samel repair, he preached on the text, “ O God,, year, 1788, March 22d, poor, heartsick f, the heathen have come into thine inheri¬ and of course as far as his true character,f tance ! Thy holy temple have they de¬ history and ability were concerned al filed.” We cannot say much of any one total stranger among strangers. Such much less of quite a member of these was the career of the Rev. John Michael heroic men in the pulpit. Kern, of whom we often think with feel¬ Dr. Weyberg among the soldiers is ings of peculiar sadness, because we feel! alone a subject for an intensely interest¬ assured that it was purely the force ofl: ing and pathetic paper. When General circumstances that determined his life! Richard Montgomery was killed in the and that brought a once brilliant and! famous attack on the city of Qubec—his hopeful career to such a humble and ob¬ eulogy was delivered in the Race Street scure close. Reformed Church, Philadelphia. When But little is known of this character,! the opinions of citizens were very much but what is here indicated, no doubt, divided on the subject of the war the because Kern himself took special pains ’ strong and clear resolutions of loyalty to to allow but little to be known of hisl ■' the cause of freedom and the communica¬ former relations. No doubt he died as tion sent to Washington on his election he wished to die, unknown and to bel to the Presidency by the synod show dis¬ absolutely forgotten. As to his moral! tinctly of what mind and spirit those and official character nothing in the least! early pastors were. derogatory to honor and sincerity is We would like to speak of the highly known. We think of him as a man of cultured Rev. Dr. Herman for two honest intentions, whom the receding, reasons—on account of his heroism and tide of popular opinion left alone and devotion to the people when the yellow forsaken in a new and strange land, and; _ fever prevailed and many fled and on who after having wandered lonely and! * account of the specially warm friendship disconsolate at large, came to the" deepj j between General Washington and him. wilds of upper Bucks and Montgomery! ' Washington attended his church frequ¬ counties, here to die and be forgotten. ently and once communed with his con¬ gregation. But enough. We now turn to the other side for the purpose of ap¬ proaching the character we in the begin-; ning intended to present, but whom we approach so inderectly for want of suffi¬ cient data to furnish a whole paper. We are the creatures of circumstances large¬ ly. We were for the Union because we could not well be otherwise. What had we born and reared in the sunny South? What a power there is in the purely social relations to determine one for or against a principle! Conscientious min¬ isters of the gospel before the war preached sermons upholding the system of slavery. We have a singular volume in our library on “The Pro and Con of Slavery,” by a Southern Episcopal EARLY AND TRYING DAYS OF THE RE- divine, with the weight of his^ argument FORMED CHURCH IN AMERICA. |Bead Before the Bucks County His- torloal Society, at Menlo Park, Steuben did his full duty to the end of _ the war, commanding divisions in bat-1 Perkasle, July 18th, 1893, Uy Rev. ties and directing the trenches in the I .1. Gr. Dengler, of Sellersvllle. siege of Yorktown. The General a num-}. ber of times declined promotions, ancle | [N preparing for the celebration of the smiled at the promotions which some re- J I centennial of the Eeformed Church, of [ceived. After the war he lived in New I York city, spending his summer months * 1 which I had the honor to be chairman on his land in Oneida county. He was an of the Committee of Arrangements, I active elder in our Church in Nassau s j was led to an investigation of the records street, of which the learned Eev. Dr. \ Gross was pastor. The whole commu¬ j of the early and trying days of the Re¬ nity honored the somewhat eccentric I formed Church in America, and there Baron. He could by his presence quiet' , found much of interest. I was peculiarly any disturbance and an angry crowd attracted by certain characters, to a few would stop to give three cheers for Baron Steuben. Immediately after his death of whom, for want of a better subject his aid, General North, had a tablet now, I will call attention by way of pre¬ erected in the Church of which he was a senting the character of one who spent member, bearing this inscription : his closing days in this part of the “ Sacred to the memory of Frederick William Augustus—-Baron de Steuben—a county, and whose ashes lie In the old German; Knight of the Order of Fidelity; graveyard of the Indian Creek Eeformed Aide-de-Camp of Frederick the Great, Cnurch near Telford. King of Prussia; Major-General and In¬ Our attention was directed to a very spector-General of the Revolutionary : strong character among mauy others in War. esteemed, respected and supported connection with our ceieoration—an el- by Washington. He gave military skill ?r'“ ,^ie E„;form0ed Church to the close and. discipline to the citizen soldiers who,; ot his life. We refer to Barou Von Steu¬ fulfilling the decree of heaven, achieved : ben. We question whether the whole list the Independence of the United States.'- V: ot eminent men presents a more interest¬ The highly polished manners of the; 5 ing character than General Von Steuben Baron were graced by the most noble ■ when properly studied. ’ feelings of his heart. His hand, open as , Born in Magdeburg, Germany, in 1730 ’ day for meeting charity, closed only in his father, a very distinguished officer in the strong grasp of death. This me¬ the Prussian Army, in which the .Baron- morial is inscribed by an American who was a cadet at the age of 14, soon stood had the honor to be his aide-de-camp, the ; very near that ruggedly grand character, happiness to be his friend.” Iredenek the Great, fought gallantly in No wonder, then, that such a character 1 the seven years war, became grand mar-; arrested our attention for a moment. We shai at court, but when court life became turn from other distinguished laymen of monotonous he traveled extensively our Church, i. e., Hillegass, the honest His superiors soon found him a man of treasurer of those days, the honest friend too liberal views and after traveling - of Washington, to one or two others. frora court to court, he determined to eo Let one brief remark signify much. With to England by way of Paris, where he but very few exceptions all the pastors met our Franklin and Deane, the com¬ of the Eeformed Church were earnest ad¬ missioners there, who from deep in¬ vocates of independence. In their re¬ sight into our general affairs at home ports to the authorities in the old country saw in the chivalric young Baron the they spoke of the British as enemies. very man needed, as drill master to We could easily trace the cause of this, bring order out of the chaos of the Con¬ both in the trials through which they tinental Army. After debating it a long passed in the old country as well as in tune he came, being disgusted with the the new conditions here, but we cannot hollowness of the courts, in a vessel now. t7iV?h ♦a#gnt «re tiir«e times and the They appointed days of fcsting and hatchets full of gunpowder. prayer. The texts chosen on especially a hiFf >rrivAd :*! -Portsmouth 1777, with i .those days show what was tkeir spirit; M n V 0n horseback they proceeded [and it is no wonder that they frequently ? dn, kP Swhere Congress was in ses-. •• got into trouble with the English, e. g., fciou. The Baron was for a time much I Eev. John H. Weikel, pastor of Boehms’ depressed because he did not understand church, in Montgomery county preached the language used, but when he came to on text, “ Better is a poor andVise child Pennsylvania he became another man than an old and foolish King who will no hnmnSe 1*? tlle language of his more be admonished.” A preicher who ■ home. At York he was received with had courage to select such a tex; had grit great honor. In the most complimen- enough to say something on it, :oo. tary terms Congress detailed him to pro- Rev. Dr. Weyberg, of Race stmt, Phila¬ ceed to Vailey Forge and report to Gen- delphia, was imprisoned for hit patriot¬ Ik ..?shlDfirton- 1 t[ust all here know ism, and his Church occupied fayfhe Brit¬ what the state of things were at Vailey ish. He preached expressly ou • - v; W In 1SG7 Albert Teuffel was hung in the I jail yard. min Doylestown for killing the (b) Granting thatGlaciafMan, obtain¬ ■4W. captain ot a canal boat along the Dela-I ing his material either at this first out¬ l*.- « - ware river. His motives seem to have' crop of the rock on the right river bank been robbery and revenge. Not far from above his habitat,* or from erratic ice- . the same period Armbruster was exe- born masses in the river bed, chipp ’ , cuted at the same place for taking the argillite implements at Trenton seven to life of his wife, that he might gain pos- ten thousand years ago, we may here • session ot a house and lot, which she have reason to modify previously re¬ owned. Another man with the name of ceived views concerning his status of cul¬ Blundy paid a like forfeit to justice, but! ture, as we learn whether the quarries at wnat time I am not informed. Nol were his work or the work of the com¬ one ol the lair sex, so tar as I have learn-J paratively modern Indian, of a stone! ed, has ever been within our prison walla chipper ignorant of the art of stone pol-, pronounced guilty of murder. It id isbing (Paleolithic Man), or of a stone-1 doubtful whether any others than these chipper who could also polish stone (Ne¬ tive just lnentioned have been convicted olithic Man), and because ot that crime within our bounds. Th (c) The quarries, if the work of the •Ci smallness of the number during the twi Neolithic Indian as known as to white hundred years that have elapsed sine men, may show us to what extent the our county began to be much inhabited rt, use ot argillite was continued into recent speaks well for the sobriety and self times, and whether, as at the Jasper quar¬ restraint ot our people. Various, othe ries of Durham, Vera Cruz, Macungie ottences have been committed as tlr and Saucon creek, the chipped refuse is years have rolled on, and our jail has scattered with “wasters” or blocked out probably always had more or less occu blades resembling in form the supposed pants varying in numbers up to 40 or 50 more ancient specimens of the same ma¬ J ■ Would that we could say it was withoul terial found at Trenton. The ancient exca¬ a tenant; that Sheriff Beans reigned iij vations notched in the slope, whose gen¬ solitary grandeur there, a king withou eral angle was about thirty-five degrees, subjects, and that there was no on* fronted a solid vein of argillite, here f m]orl|r all our population, who deserve^ traversed and exposed by Gaddis’ run, to be there. and twice tapped near at hand by modern curbstone quarries as the purest isource of the material. The surface rock through which the Delaware and the neighboring streams From, dtLt2iJ!£± had cut their way, was part of what is known as the “New Red Sandstone,” (popularly “red shale or slate,”) formed toy processes of submarine hardening in Mezozoic time, when the whole seaboard, from the Lehigh hills to the Atlantic, lay under the shoaling waters of a marsh- Bate, js/r / fringed ocean. Generally of a dull red color and straight fracture, this slaty crust extend¬ AN ANCIENT ARGJLJfftE QOARRY AND ing over a large part of Bucks county, has been in several places burst through INDIAN VILLAGE SITE ON THE toy igneous masses, resulting in the piling DELAWARE. up of heaps of eruptive boulders, nota¬ bly those known as “Jericho Hill,” The way towards an answer of one of “Bowman’s Hill” and “The Haycock.” At Gaddis’ run and at other points, the ■ ■■ the vital questions that concerns the contact of the molten rock from below— antiquity of man in Eastern North the Trap—has, it is said, (though geolo¬ America was opened on May the 22d by gists are not fully agreed upon the point), produced the argillite in question by the discovery ol a series of nineteen baking” the neighboring crust of shale -.ancient depressions, surrounded by and thereby changing its red color to a; passes of argillite chips (a quarry, in fact, bluish black, and its straight fracture | with all the surface characteristics of into a beautiful conchoid.f We had noted that we were twenty-five, ’ Macungie, Vera Cruz and Durham in miles above Trenton and, as stated above, America, or Grimes’graves or Spiennes at the only out-crop of true argillite on the in Europe,) on the steep north slope of right river bank above that place.! The bed ot Gaddis’ run and the river I the hillside at Point Pleasant, Bucks shore below its mouth were thickly county, Pennsylvania, on the right bank strewn with argillite blocks and water- of Gaddis’ run, about one-quarter of a; worn boulders—a pathway, so to speak, mile above its mouth and halt a mile from littered with blade material extending from the ledge laid bare by the stream to the well known Indian camp site at Lower the Indian camp half a mile distant on the Black’s Eddy. river. While the significance of this fact The study ot the place has seemed of| had been obscured by chipped fragments ' from the modern quarries fallen into thei great importance, because stream, and the stone dressing that had (a) These quarries, unlike the Jasper accompanied the building of a dam, two mines in the Delaware Valley, recently bi.dges and a canal aqueduct, there could proved to be the work of modern Ind - be little doubt that the inhabitants of the village often went no farther than a few ans, are workings by some ancient peoplei in argillite (metamorphosed slate with hundred yards along these beaches for conchoidal fracture), the same stone with I their material. Ascending the hill and following the which numerous observers assert that banks of “Hickory run,” (a brook that Man living on the Lower Delaware, at ine time ot tlie melting of the great gla¬ crosses it to fall into the Delaware a few cier, mgde his rude implements; because hundred yards below the mouth cl Gad- ■ "■ "VS® 89.. Ills'; run), I had found two years before a series of Indian camp sices, containing bulb of percussion, were instantly dis¬ unmistakable traces of Neolithic occu¬ tinguishable from the thin and knife-like pancy, notably a workshop where several ones afterwards noted at the riverside turtlebacks” lay scattered, with chips workshop sites. Several larger masses and a few rude spear or knife points of of argillite lay among them. argillite. At the latter spot, scarcely a As the workmen went down the condi¬ mile from the quarries, a lew Jasper tions continued the same at both plades. flakes were also found, and quartzite peb¬ Through the thick mass of chips, often ble hammer-stones were frequent, but scarcely mixed with earth at all, were these, I learned from inhabitants, strewed scattered numerous quartzite pebbles the whole hill above and beyond the an¬ well bruised by use as hammers, rudely cient mines. made “turtlebacks” and bits of charcoal. i„A„ .min- destroyed by a freshet about Here and there were larger chipped looU,j and a house and barn, removed masses, and underlying all at A on the since that time had stood along Gaddis’ solid ledge large disturbed blocks weigh¬ run between the highest and lowest ‘ ing several tons. excavations. A turnpike road and a lane Having reached the bottom of the old | skirting the ravine had cut through the digging at A at a depth of nine feet, we a quarried area, destroying several of the I went onward until the sides of the con¬ pits. One of them had been cleaned out fronting ledge showing no sign of work oy a recent would-be discoverer of amine were laid bare. Then the bed of chips of metal. Near the mill sitea band of negro ; was cut through twenty or more feet to refugees had encamped since the war of j the right, until our Shaft A measured the rebellion. But in spite of these facts , about 2148 cubic feet, with G at about 787, . 7 the wild ravine slope, never cleared of j and until our gathered mass of informa- f its original timber, and too steep and I tion, reinforced by the evidence ot eleven ■ rocky for cultivation, had not been seri¬ [ other pits and trenches—B, C, D, E, F, IT, ously disturbed by civilization. No one I, J, K, L and M—satisfied us that the had noticed the chips or guessed the ancient work was homogeneous through¬ meaning of the holes. out; that the hammer-stones and “turtle- With this much preliminarv informa¬ backs” ot the surface resembled those at tion we were prepared to begin extensive all depths; that there were no layers indi¬ digging at Shalt G, by the stream, and at cating different epochs; that the same Shaft A, 299 feet above it, where the old people who had left the peck-sided ham¬ depression cut in the slope whose angle mer-stone and “turtleback” resting on a was about 40 degrees, ended abruptlv heap ot chips at G had done all the work. against a solid ledge of argillite. Here if The results of our excavation, continued anywhere, it seemed we might learn how for nine days, may be summed up under when and for what purpose the work as the following heads: to which history and tradition gave no clue, was done. (I.) DIGGING IMPLEMENTS. ■— At both shafts the surface was bedded with artificial cnips, o^er which in many There were_no digging implements E 'places grass had not grewn. At A, near found, and none it seems would have a quartzite pebble showing no signs of been needed. Undoubtedly the whole hillside at the point ot disturbance, as is . *On D rk Hollow ran (below New Hope.) I found still the case elsewhere, had been origin- a small veiu of n nearly two miies from the river ally thickly covered with loose argillit ■the blue s'ate in Pidcock’s creek, on the south slope j®£ Bowman’s Hill, and at th Harvey and Van fragments weathered from the ledg I S®1;* quarries below Taylorsville, lacks the eon- These had been pulled out by ban H choidal fracture. Duru g the present work a small | worked as required and thrown behind - outcrop of goad argillite, with similar evidences of quarry work by ancient b'ade makers, was dlseov- I the workman. Judged by a line of pits efey the ancient quarrymen i3 only guess- IL I familiar pecked sides. The surface chips At A and G, heavy and often showing the j [TO BE CONTINUED,] J ' thingunknowninthiscountry.Here ,'i tract.Onthiswasanoldfamilyburial J founderoftheHauptfamily,cameto iwe learnJohnHauptwasborn17(37. 1 Fromthesamesourcewelearnthatiu lout andplotsotteredforsale.Onewas I ofhisabidingplace,helivedonwhat the wasburied,andhisbodyrestedtill .been abletoobtain,welearnJohn S1702he marriedMissElizabethYounken. i burialgroundonthefarmwereallre- 'valley, butthelowlandsmadehim | churcheswerefewandcemeteriesa ■ thoughthimverysillytoliveinthe \ movedtoDurhamcemetery,wheiethey . standingalmostoppositethehousenow Head attheMeetingofBuckwam- ■now rest. VfW ing wasthatunderthesameroofwith [F. Witte,whowasbornin thehousenow 'in themiddleoflast century, possi¬ Henry SebastianHaupt,thePalatinate 1788. Hecrossedtheoceanatsame America, fromGermany,intheyear known asSwopeHill,whilehepreferred time theancestorsofChristinesdid.1 was longknownastheStrawsnider wealthy. Thefirstknowledgewehave the morefertilevalleyland.They They settledonthehighlands,now- ground, suchasmaystillbeseenon purchased, whenthebodieslyingin chased directfromthegovernmentwhen great granddaughterofthePalatinate, session ofMrs.MellieWitteHaupt,a the presentDurhamcemeterywaslaid some oftheoldfarmsthatwerepur¬ The firsttraditionwehaveofhisdwell¬ occupied byWilliamF.Witte.Theold the oldmill,ruinsofwhicharenow tion toinformus.inthis oldhousehis mill anddwellingwereprobablybuilt except Mrs.Witte,themother ofWilliam children, eightinnumber, wereallborn, bly earlier,aswehavenorecord ortradi¬ old gentleman, whilepreparingtobuild time intheyear1790.Itis relatedofthe standing. Thishousewas builtsome¬ the presenthouse onebrightmoonlight foundation forhisnew house. ging out theearth preparing to lay the from hisbed and workedsometime,dig¬ night, being unable tosleep,hearose From, Date, \J.£./^±~'..,.'d>...> pnn HistoricalandLiteraryAsso¬ From themeagrerecordswehave From theoldfamilyBiblenowinpos¬ ciation, heldattheRinging Rocks, NearBridgeton,Fa., June 10,1893,byMyra Brodt, ofSpringtovvn. THE HAUPTFAMILY. cJ- /-dyt/ii/.(2^ A LIFTt . anygreatdistanceaway.Twoofhissons Y1571 ;Henry,bornintheyear1791,died | andheneverforgavdthem.Hediedin f Abraham,bornintheyear1799,died I diedin1880;Sarah,borntheyear1S07, i drenwerethefollowing: ascribed withhisnameanddateof i incurredhisundyingenmitvbytravel¬ husband. Sheleftno heijff.John, Henry, Abraham marriedaMissLongandbe¬ saving -woodandgettingridotstone. barn, andservedthedoublepurposeof town, and livedin thatcitywith her Sarah married JamesFrey,ofAllen¬ heritance. TheothermarriedSteward Haupt estate,whichcametoherbyin¬ came thefatherofthreechildren,one tial structuresofstone,bothhouseand am afteroneplan.Theyareallsubstan¬ w ereallbuiltunderhissupervisionand where Mr.Weidnerlives,aswellthe Two daughters andonesonsurvivethem. where theyresided duringtheirlives. and movedwith herhusbandtohishome now livinginPhiladelphia,whoisthe Martin, ofPhiladelphia.Helertoneson, The sonofAbrahammarriedaMiss passed away,leavingtwodaughters. Hi bier,w-hocamefromneartheDela¬ house andbarnontheoldhomestead, married Mr.Witte,olFort Washington, one daughter,Mrs.Weidner, whoisnow wealthy farmerofSaucon township, wife nowreposeinDurhamcemetery. Kebellion. Hisbodyandalsothatofhis of Haupt.WilliamHaupt,theson sole maledescendantbearingthename ware WaterGap.Shehaslongsince and nowlivesonapartoftheoriginal son andtwodaughters. barn whereTitusShrantzlivesand George Stuckertnowlives,houseand a widowandsti.lsurvives. MaryAnn their lives.Thefruitofthis unionwas township, wheretheyresided during Catharine marriedDavidRiegel,a Abraham, diedinserviceduringthe now resides,thehouseandbarnwhere the houseandbarnwhereEliasCawley her husbandtohisfarm, inhisnative Noriliampton county,and movedwith born intheyear1S16,died1876. in theyear1809,died1838;MaryAnn, died in1863;BenjaminFranklin,born in 1864;Elizabeth,borntheyear1800, cemetery, whereitnowrests.Hischii- vault beforehisdeath.Hisbodyaswell death. Thiswaserectedontopofthe clearing thetimberawaytohave gentleman wasopposedtohavingany grandson ofthePalatinate.Theold as thestonewasremovedtoDurham ing. OnewentSouthandtheotherWest, for anyonewhotraveledveryfar,either was preparedbeforehisdeathandin- his restingplace,aswellthevault, own supervision.Thestonetomark own property,constructedunderIns 1851 andwasburiedinavaultonhis for pleasureortoseefriendswholived never allow.Hehadbutlittlerespect land forfarmingpurposeshewould Mr. Weidnerbeingagreat lives, adistanceofaboutthreemiles, from theheadofDurhamcreek,at land, hislandatonetimeextendin needed forbuilding.Suchathingas trees cutonhisland,unlessespecially the farmonwhichMr.Weidner.now the Springtownbridge,toandincluding birth, leavingaplaceforthedateofhis One daughtermarriedGeorgeStuckert, Duriug thelifeofelderMr.Haupt John, bornintheyear1795,died1885; He ownedagreatnumberofacreso ■ weregroundandshippedforsometime. l^wn rand..Largequantitiesofpaint to Aaron Sterner,who erecteda sub- proud othim. 1 y ' ventions patented, Springfieldwasjustly mi steamcondensers,condenserfor Lucks, wnosucceeded mhavinghisin¬ ™„?^e~d theyear 1869 untilthe tofoiW AS the°?lyinventorinupper y wasadeskinaninnerwallwithnumer¬ engines, improvementin surfacecon¬ ^„!e0ncle-nSlns: apparatus forsteam denser forsteamengines, improvement generators, improvement injetcon¬ denser orrefrigeratorsfor marine steam marine engines,improvementinsteam condensing steamengine,improvement patent weregrantedhimforimproved ments tosteamengines.Wefindlettersf and patenteeofseveralvaluableimprove- skilllul mill-v,right,andaninventorof factured fromwheat.JohnHauptwasa* Kintnersville, andthestarchwasmanu- time establishedastarchmanufactoryat house wasfinished. with hisplansandhepassedquietly away attheoldhomestead,before of thecompass,butdeathinterfeared of thehouseshouldrepresentpoints on thenorthside. with luscompass,thatthefourcorners was alsoaclosetinthewallonout¬ drawer, alsoofstoutoakplank.There third story.Undereverywindowwasa an outsidedooroneveryfloor,eventhe side, whereaporticoshelteredthedoor plank, bntunplained.Hehadintended culiar. Severalfloorswereotstoutoak HH momestead, Frederick;Yw.ev--£$»wasso the walls,butsomeideaswereratherpe¬ in solidwalnut,andwaselaborately ous smalldrawers,thefrontsallfinished ■ numerous closetsandclothespressesin he designedtooccupyhimself.There finished throughout.Theroomshad the samepremises.Initweretworooms commenced theerectionofahouseon ing weredestroyedbyfire.Healso Northampton county,tohisplace.In an additiontothesawmill,andhan¬ also madehishomewithfarmertill ;Pairs tothemillnowstandi-bold •afterward. HewasamjsmtoMrs. 1887, onthe30thotMarch,thesebuild¬ dle worksweremovedfromPortland, paint wasdug,lyingjustbelowhis cleaning cloverseedandburrsforgrind¬ he erectedasawmill,machineryfor flSi.1, aged00years.llljliedtotheyear L3jf Wlfe’°ftheseniorJ'z}.HrUtdiedin ing paint,theminefromwhich the KeystoneHandleWorksnowstand, John and.Elizabethcontinuedtoliveon iyjpnjamfn; ahcTElizabol,neverhiarrieci, time abouttheyear1849,onsitewhere home ofhisdaughter,JennyStuckert, farmer. Abraham’swifebeingdeadhe times withthem,sometimeshis barn whereWilliamTraugernowresides. This houseisalsobuiltofstone.Some died. HenryHauptbuiltthehouseand then residingatAllentown,wherehe ins healthfailed,whenhewenttothe the homeplace.Henrylivedsome¬ kin, nowlivingatStony.>im. Haupt, anclthefathero*V'harlesYoung:- badly injuredthatheAirdavs Henry Haupt solda portionofhis land ren dividedthelandtosuitthemselves. Ibol, aged84years.Inmak.somere- Abiaham andHenryHaupthadatone It wassaidhehadasurveyorthere Somewhere about1863,or’64hebuilt Alter thedeathofMr.Haupthischild-1 Letters ontheabovepatents |Miss ElizabethHaupt,planned andheld ■ Melchor.WilliamF.Witteandhiskd- an eventspokenofforyears. I order,andtoWilliamF.Wittehis J hisdecliningyears.Atdeath,which rounding countrywereinvited. Itwas the picnic,towhichpeople ofthesur¬ est sister,thenonlychildren, assistedby I lotheDurhamcemeteryheleftacertain i^fhs“d ™oneybywilltohisrelatives. j occurredm1885,heleftalargeestatein [moved theretocareforhiscomfortin now livestotheresidenceofRevoH somewhere nearwhereAaronSterner part otheforestthatextendedfrom ; disposedofhislandtoagoodadvantage i peaceagainreignedoverourcountryhe forest onapartoftheHauptestatein ;land wouldbeconfiscated,butwhen : A,fewyearsafterwardthe try washeldinwhatthenprimeval ! ;;c;ca11hifpromise.”WhileintheSouth picnic everheldinthispartofthecoun¬ i hoe>ant|withherownhandsremoved sisters heleftthehomestead.Thefirst fund tokeeptheHauptburialplotin [ hisconsentshedidnotgivehimtimeto I hlapg0°dJ?ku:“^batassoonshewon amount tobeinvestedasaperpetuM I consented.J ] missiontohavetheold-fashionedchair- .consented, butwhensherequestedper- [the buildings.Totherepairshereadily After thedeathofhissifter,MisseE P1' Warbrokeoutandhesupposedthe j sisterdweltmthegreatestharmony. some oftheboards,fearinghemis-ht he purchasedalargetractoflandin house andsoonreturnedwithagrubbing I Shealwayskeptherhorseandcarriage, change hisminc^butquicklyleftthe IPanel, JamesFrey.Afterhisdeathit Jwas sold,andisnowownedbyMrs. boards removedhehesitated,butfinally j Hediedbeforehisfather.JohnHaupt nnwtoi11™*1'' Wittewithhisfamily ?uinVa-ijl? someneededrepairsabout j Illinois,whilevisitingrelativesthere, j Samuel-Sanies,asisterofFrey’s.Benja- have heard,itrelatedthatsh'espoketo wished togearupthehorseherself.I easily turnhercarriagearoundifshe structed aturn-tablethatshemight carriage, andinthewagonshedhecon¬ special accommodationotherhorseand I ofyearsbeforeAbsalom’sdeath. out togethershealwaysdrove.Hehad and wheneversheherbrotherrode I AfterthedeathofAbsalomCawley built abarnandwagonshedforthe outhved allofthefamily.Heandhis i HauptlusfarmwassoldtoAbsalom 2?}.n L'HauptdiedinWabashcounty, ,stead, hislandwassoldbyadminis¬ I Haupt,whichoccurredattheoldhome-' f i’eyleftherfarmbywilltohus- the balancebetweenthem.Mrs.Sarah ley stwosons,EliasandJohn,divided David HessboughtsomeofitandCaw¬ Cawley, whohadlivedonitanumber portion. AfterthedeathofAbraham* trators. Heleftnowill.WilliamTrauger now resides.AfterthedeathofHenry' bought aportionofitandtheBrodts stantii'd stonehouseonit,inwhichhe He afterwardtoldhisbrotherAbraham :ing mo- iro- ^ge ana ing In- aid is t es, on as o- 'O- of Dt se v- at *n r- al a Man, or his European thus far been suspected of which, old as they may be in type, are! From, cj?A\ known to have been included in the out-; fit of the Modern North American In-1 dian. “turtlebacks.” Three hundred and twelve leaf-shaped I chipped forms of argillite, for which the ; indefinite “Turtleback” seems a good I name, present us in the main with the Date, same problem offered by the similar oh-' jects at the Jasper quarries. About a i m hundred more ends and points Ot broken [N ANCIENT AR&U/LITE QUARRY AND| specimens form our complete stock of AN INDIAN VILLAGE SITE ON THE blade evidence. The material, though softer than Jasper, is far more regular DELAWARE. and easily worked. Had it been Jasper its connection with the modern Indian BY H. C. MERCER. . ■( might have been inferred from the work done at other Jasper quarries, but being That they involved some more elabo the same stone used by the alleged Paleo¬ rate operation than that denoted by mere lithic Man of Trenton, it is necessary to pebbles with bruised edges, is manifest again make sure of our ground, so that we are excusable in restating some of the At all events it is high time, in view of well-known points of quarry evidence in the immense number ot stone ham¬ general,. noting mers whose use has been explained at (a) That the “Turtlebacks,” none ot ' i quarries in the last two years, that bat- which show signs of use on their edges, can not have been wanted by their mak¬ | iered pebbles which are pitted, and those ers, or they would not have been left to * which are not pitted, should be kept dis¬ the extent of one to about every bushel tinct and their difference carefully ot chips. Some may have been uninten¬ \ marked as ol important archaeological tionally lost (like two finished blades atl bearing in future discoveries. the camp workshop to be described), butt If Mr. McGuire is right they must be re¬ the great majority must have been garded wherever found as proofs of Neo- '‘wasters” or “rejects” cast aside in the! | fithicculture. Ashe says. Dr. Schliemann process ot the-work. found these so-called “corn ^bruisers,” . (ft) Ju their present state they are as ifty-two feet down in the lower layers at much “finished” as the Trenton speci¬ jTroy. They have been dredged out of the mens. Therefore, if the latter are tools, iBiud at the Swiss Lake Dwellings, and the quarrymen were not making stick 1 exhumed from English Barrows. Messrs. tools at the quarry, for if they had Lartet and Christy found them in the been they would have wanted them, and French Paleolithic caves (covering, by jl'ii' they had wanted them they would not | De Mortillets’ classification, at least two .have left them. epochs); of Les Eyzies, La Madeleine, (c) Not a single one of the thinned s-Gorge d’Enler and Laugerie Basse,so down blades, broken or whole, so sparse¬ ! that the tool has seemed to range back ly found atPiney Branch, not a trace of through the subdivisions of Neolithic '■one of the broad argillite cache blades, into Paleolithic time, and to stand for so common at the Delaware Indian sites, many grades of culture rather than one. was met with in all the tons ot refuse But if following European classifica- overturned. ; tion we go a step in evolution below the '■Considering these facts, while it was ; Cave Man, to the Man of the River Drift, evident that the quarries could not be l it must be remembered that no pitted connected with a Paleolithic race living hammer-stone is yet known to have been seven thousand years ago at Trenton, it discovered among his remains. No remained a question whether they could, mention is made ot any percuteur pitted after all, be fairly referred to the Geolog¬ or unpitted from the French gravels at ically Modern Indian, whose village site .Abbeville or Chelles, by M. Gabriel de lay but half a mile away. Morfillet (Le Prehistorique, Paris, 1885), M was plain that the chipped forms M. A. Bertrand (La Gaule avant lesuau- represented an effort, which effort was lois, Paris, 1891), or M. Salomon Reinach first the production of something good 'Antiquites Nationales, Firmin Didot, enough to take away. The secret of what Paris). I could see or hear of no ban- I that something was was in our hands, in mer-etones of any kind from the Eng¬ the chips, in the points, in the “Turtle- lish Drift at the British Museum, and at backs” themselves, for there was nothing Abbeville I heard that little attention .else to tell the tale. had been paid in France to their dis- •Carefully re-examining these latter we coA^ery in the gravels. There, though M.! •noticed, first, that after all they were not du Mesnil described finding several, like the Trenton specimens; second, that which I did not see, in the middle and strange as it might seem they did not upper beds, they were not pitted. What¬ fairly resemble the numerous others ever the full meaning of the pitted tool, found by me in neighboring Indian vil the Quarternary Hunter ot the Somme lage sites, with which I at once compare* and Ouse has not yet I believe been them. Considered altogether, they were proved to have known its use. : certainly a class by themselves. Thin¬ Here, then, is evidence, which would ner, asgs a rule, than all other argillite disincline us to suppose the quarries at specimens that I had seen, and made Gaddis run the work of possible Glacial with far fewer blows, the cliippings had Men from the Trenton beaches. For here a broad, regular look, and ran nearly we tind in the quarryman’s workshop across the full surfaces. Generally they tools which neither the alleged Trenton termed but four facets on a side (to the - . ■ ; ' of the village site a . average '1 _ . rw* ’ w . specimens); often they showed hut three, and sometimes only two. j Jlere, tfien/nesictes Their Tslmpe, is a Evidently they had been made with clue to the specimens themselves, indi¬ great skill, and while I had no trouble in cating that further work was to be done ■reproducing the village site specimens, lon them, ’for had .the '■-nippifigs been these defied my efforts. In trying to made simply to symmetrically outline copy them, however, I considered my the ‘Turtlebacks,” they would some¬ labor rewarded in finding to my satis- times have been struck, on the side of the. faction that much of their “knack” * planes; but being, wherever obviouslv was in a knowledge of the grain of the intentional, always opposite to them, j[ ■stone. The neighboring curbstone cut¬ them as adapted to subsequent ters knew and showed me that the cleav • £ flaking. Granted that the planes were, age-plane of the rock was straight and at the main surfaces for flaking, had the right angles to the seam breaks; that nippings been on their side they must along'this plane it splits, breaks or fiakes i j needs have hindered the bakers’ opera- easiest, and that while good flaking may tion, m hether the method used were press- be done at angles ranging away from this ure, or percussion by bone or stone, now plane to nearly forty-five degrees, but no they would enable theantler punch orthe farther, the nearer the direction of the [hammer to “bite,” as the Flint Knappers blows anproaches it the better. of Brandon say. In other words, to take i deep hold of the edge and send off long To illustrate this, imagine a mass of flakes. argillite shaped like a thin brick. Place it broadside down on a table and let the L £kree of the “Turtlebacks” seemed to- grain run parallel with the table top. I fulfil the conditions of the good points,', lIviliKing off the block strike therighthand and may therefore have been lost rather [lower edges* inward blows below the up- * than cast aside. Some showed rotten¬ per corner, and you can knock off flakes ness on their corners; some ragged flak¬ that ran diagonally half across the under ing; some were disproportionately thin side. Then turn the block upside down m places; some had the clumsy intract¬ (and repeal the operation on the other able hump ’ more common aniODc the side. She.result is an elongated mass, Jasper specimens. But admitting the • lozenge-shaped in section, with two sides possibility of the above observations on showing the conchoids of your chipping ! the method probably employed, it was not hard to see why most of them had and showing the level planes two sides been cast aside. 'Ji the natural cleaveage. But it is the position of these two latter planes from tbe quarryman’s object which the longest possible flakes can be °Ut a bJade and Produce a obtained, that makes your “turtleback” more symmetrical than the lienton forms and superior to any- (if you have rounded the corners with¬ ttung of that well-known category after- out breaking it or spoiling them,) the thing best fitted, it would seem, to work ^mrdS\v°hind at„the neighboring camp /down into iv broad, thin blade. That end, 'spfn0riVTV6n’ Ylth,. the fewest possible skilled blows he had done so, and had >we believe, was best attainable by chip¬ iashioned an inchoate leaf shaped form, ping on the planes referred to till the de¬ well adapted for the flaking that was to sired thickness was reached. reduce it to its final character, his work By. ft. little thought it will be seen that at the quarry ended. Madeleine (MaKdaleniao). Gorge d’Enfer Where the chosen “blanks” were to go -ffBfiluluan VLaugerie Baa e (Magdelemanh_ I" u lvas t0 become of them elsewhere! any other direction of the grain in your I we had yet to learn. ’ block prevents the possibility of these ! Haying gathered these results, the opposing planes and decreases the quarries had nothing further to tell us. chances of further flaking. So would a Our work persistently continued in the a false blow in forming the side facets, or hope of some sensational or clinching rounding the ends, and when we find discovery simply repeated old evidence that nearly all our “Turtlebacks” have and added nothing new. Yetibyitwe failed in these conditions of supposed de¬ had come to realize what may be sum- sirability, we have a plausible hypothe¬ | med up as follows: sis to explain why they were cast aside. (a) That the presence of three pitted It is, therefore, the very rare specimens hammers associated the work with a He-. which may be supposed to fulfil these “me people, rather than the alleged conditions and which we believe were not Drift Men of Trenton. ga rejected, but rather lost unintentionally, .■'r-6)MT.hat, t,1?e mere Presence of the that particularly interest us. They, if we lurtiebacks” again disconnected it can find them, will represent the full with any people like the Drift Men, who, extent of the quarry work. it they had made the blades, would have Let us look for them, then, as Mr. wanted to use them as finished imple- i Holmes looked for like specimens at lm/er!ts^and so wotdd n°f have left them. Fluey Branch, among the fractured ends (c) That though seeming to belong to and points, hoping there to get a blade ,a special class the shape and general broken by its maker after it had to some appearance of the “Turtlebacks” allies extent passed the “reject” stage.f (them with work known to have been It is well lor our hypothesis that in done by Modern Indians. eighteen' of the points the broadest (d) That the position of the quarries and flattest planes, sometimes running seems again to closely connect them the whole length of the specimen, as if with the Indian, rather than any other struck at a single blow, and so inferably I possible race, lying as they do, as re¬ the cleaveage planes (or a near approach marked before, on what might be called to them,) lie diagonally opposite each a pathway littered with Indian blade other; and when we examine the outer material leading directly from the edges we notice, first, that all are slightly ancient mines to an Indian village only nipped at certain places as if struck very half a mile away. light blows with a small pebble; and sec¬ (e) That, granting their connection ond, that these nippings regularly occur with Indians, the absence of a growth at the outer edge of the broadest, flattest ot forest mould over the workings planes, but always on the side opposite to argues against their great age. them. /Taking a last look at the "hare' chip1 buy Turkey hill, a centre^ Spot ot con- ffoaps and, pits unfilled with detritus on, •spicuous elevation in its midst. Let us the steep hillside, and reasonably doubt¬ !look for a moment at Turkey hill. What ing whether years numbered by the; comprises Penn’s Manor is of circular thousand could have rolled over them, I form on what we might call three sides, turned away to the suggestive topog¬ embracing about 8000 acres. On the raphy ot the spot, ami the interesting straight or western side is the railroad features of the point next to be studied. from Morrisvilleto Bristol. Set one foot of a compass on the centre of Turkey ■tit has lwen objected that it in not fair to regard broken ends as types of tinisbed work, since if fin¬ hill, and set the other loot in the river ished, the blades would not have needed tbe extra below the falls at Trenton, and then de¬ olow which broke 'hem. But at the Iidlan flaking scribe the circle from that point and it site afterward examined we gathered eight frag¬ would follow the river around to Penn’s ments of tbio blades which though larger than tbe two perfect ones found, were equally finished. home, describing a circle of about four [TO BE CONTINUED.] miles in diameter, embracing within A that circle a landscape of rural beauty that is hard to oxcel. Turkey hill is a mere mound, thickly covered with light1 but abundant timber, free from stone and1 From easy of access from all sides, underlaid at some depth with a deposit of fine clay land covered with a fine light soil adapted to the growth of any crop, and especially .(jfeI sweet potatoes and watermelons. It contains more of beauty and incipi¬ ent grandeur and excellence than any ’"spot within my knowledge, and I have’ looked casually over about half the States we are so proud of. And now, Mr. i THE EDEN OP THE JETSTONE STATE. Editor, allow me to say in all candor, I; -a— am dumfounded when I look upon all} To the Editor of the Intellioencer: this natural magnificence, with its early and distinguished settlement, its his- j No thinking man can view the land^- torical association with such names as scape and consider the location of Bucks ?enn, Morris and Moreau, iu addition to , galaxy of names and characters emi- county without being forced to the con¬ lent in church and state, to be obliged to clusion that she is, by nature, the Eden confess that Bucks county is the slowest of the Keystone State. William Penn, a growing county of all the sixty-four ot man eminently fitted to judge, could not the State, and all this with a river meet¬ ing tide at this point after skirting our overlook the natural superiority ot soil, county near 50 miles with fall enough to1 climate and geography of Pennsylvania excel the Merrimac or any other stream in general and of Bucks county in par¬ in America. Location, climate and soil; considered, and immediately below and ticular. And in the location oi Phila- in sight of this paradise of Penn’s Manor lelphia he gives ample evidence of his ■ r we meet water that can float thelight but •ability to concentrate nature’s grand efficient commerce of the world; and yet gift to coming generations. Not only I am compelled to say that not the buzz ot a spindle nor the sound of a hammer did he found his home and plant his city, in Pennsylvania is heard in the 200 miles but he successfully paved the way to from its source. Bucks county is not enduring peace with the aborigines, as dead, but asleep, and when she wakes up “all over” great things may be looked well by example as by precept to both for. Two centuries with their ripening i-aces. And in thus doing for future processes must yield wonders. Nature generations (although we lament his,de¬ makes no mistakes in her purposes; ex¬ parture to his mother country) wecannot tremes are sure to follow each other. withhold our thanks nor lose sight of his Penn laid the foundations in quiet but example in laying the foundation, both substantial greatness. His location in civil and moral, for an empire whose latitude is unequaled ; in longitude time bounds fill a continent and whose genius has proven his wisdom. never fails to grow. Look back 200 years, The extreme eastern end of the great and what do we see? The spirit of free¬ State that so proudly bears Ins and his dom, tempered with peace, has passed wife’s name, when viewed from the west, until the Pacific and the Atlantic standpoint of to-day, was eminently grasp hands with space annihilated as prophetic,- the point to which all the never before, and all the world bows grand products of the Keystone State, humbly to the spectacle. naturally tends. The concentration of' commerce, mining, manufacturing and We are proud of our Washington, our agriculture, needs time, thought and care I Jefferson and our Lincoln; but we must not forget, in our admiration of them, to meet the demands that must grow out that Peun, in his application of peace of such conditions, the spirit oi progress in her searching process must eventual¬ principles, made it possible for the others ly return laden with bounties incalcu-l to shine and for us to enjoy. The Red able. It think it no great stretch of the plan, made more red, instead ot more imagination, in view of the grand his-| white, could have prevented all. Then torical associations that cluster around let us not forget Penn and his manor. < the location, and in view of the princely I hold that there is but one '■'•Penn's accummulations of her children, in both Manor." Nature has formed no other. mind and means, underlaid as it is She stands alone with more of natural by substantial and ever-enduring princi¬ ■beauty and natural excellence, all things ples, (a naturali outgrowth ot Penn s considered, than South, West or North, Treaty), to see in the near future, the great and grand as they all are. I am grand river L>elaware_supolyins the tu- told that the Bonaparte’s once wanted to tureUrn millions of his great city' with ~L.v lile-giving beverage she so greatly needs, as well as furnishing a power that will surpass the Merrimac in productive | magnificence, doubling and quadrupling I our population, thus greatly increasing I the value and dignity of the first and best of all occupations. Not the least (among the signs pointing that way is the George School, with the promise of substantial and not unerely orna¬ mental accomplishment, based as it is, in the principles of Penn, and promising to further the grand idea of universal and not special education. The Delaware will not always flow ;l'°!p its source to tide unused, but after Read at tile Meeting of tile Bucks Philadelphia slakes her thirst from its County Historical Soeiety, Held at pure now to the Water Gap, we will utilize the influx of the various streams Menlo Park, Perkasle, July 18, that flow in from both sides, over a fall 1893, by Henry C. Mercer, of 200 feet in 20 dams of 10 feet each, not of Doylestown. j lessening the amount in volume, but | increasing its purity and terminating at THE SXJXBOKNET. l tide in electric power, that will send (at little costol time or money) the thousands Yet as this rough pen drawing marks of lives now s weltering in cramped, but no conterminous streams or hills, expensive habitations improperly (called it can hardly, without further cor¬ homes) into that rural and lovely para¬ roboration, be used as proof of more ur-; dise ot green grass and fresh air, (thus (just dealing than took place at the fulfilling the prediction of one that done ■“walk,” which it would if the walkers' so little for its consummation) by spread¬ started about a mile too far to the north. ing out the great cities to bleach and . The trouble is that the old deeds, be- purify, morally as well as materially, ; sides getting the directions by the com¬ thus blessing humanity, as Deity cle arly pass wrong, neither give distances along; intended, (else why the natural pro¬ j the line, nor explain where Mackeerick- ’ vision) so plainly visible. And now kiton, its starting point on the Delaware Mr. Editor, you will excuse me if I in¬ was, and if it had not been for John dulge in a further draft of the imagina¬ Watson, surveyor of Bucks county, who ' tion and present to you, and througn ' made notes upon the fascinating puzzle' you a new tname for Turkey hill, not in 1756, only 10 years alter the walk, we "■at I am at all averse to Turkey, (would he hopelessly in the dark as to t that my veneration for Penn and his the landmarks intended. yh'nciples induces the thought and here¬ He says in the valuable manuscript, after call it Penn’s Mound (the name of now (1893) in the possession of Mir. Park is too common to associate with i Richard Watson, of Doylestown, *hal such greatness). Penn’s Mound will “Mackeerickkiton” is Baker’s creek, some day redeem the indignity imposed jalterwards called Great creek, and now on his name in refusing to immortalize (Knowles’ creek, though the 1682 deed his immediate home by State purchase,by (calls the Delaware river itself “Mack- presenting to the future an emblem ol his jeerickkiton.”* virtues and tastes by the erection of an I That Towssissink was thought in 1756 observatory with the necessary surround¬ (to be its most southern branch, heading ings of carriage drives and substantial 'in Joseph Hampton’s land (i. e. the rill hoisteries, commensurate with the wants now rising close to Mr. Frank Doan’s of civilization, but consonant with the 'house, that crosses the Buckman and character of its founder, and a monument Watson wood) about one mile east of to his virtues, thus making partial Wrightstown. amend for 200 years of heartless neglect, That the corner white oak marked “P / and prove the gratitude of those so for¬ was thought by John Chapman, deceased, y tunate in their unlookedfor inheritance, to stand in 1756 on Joseph Hampton’s thus proving the maxim of tardy returns, land,” (now the Buckman and Watson and placing honor where honor belongs, and possibly Doan tracts) on Towssissink creek above described. and showing that bread cast upon-the That “Playwicky” or “Laywicky” was waters of time will eventually return to an Indian town or plantation about bless and prove the truth and value of Philip Draket’s, below Heaton’s mill.t sacrifice. d. h. t. Another John Watson, cousin to the above, commenting on his relative’s notes in 1815, says that the line, with its m elbow just east of Wrightstown, endedon Xeshaminy at the High Rocks, on the [left bank below Worthington’s mill on the present Blackfan property. That the corner white oak “was or is [supposed to be or have stood near the [northeast corner of Joseph Hampton’s land,” and that “the corner spruce tree ! stands by my measure 140 perches, meas¬ ' ured by the bank of the river, above the month ol the Great creek.” These notes settle the starting point of the line on the Delaware, for there can '• - ? be no mistake about the “corner marked spruce tree” seen by John Watsoa- , the second) in 1S15, and whether Mac Turkey tribe.r — fames,i. pP- keerickkiton means the present Knowles’ 262. creek or not the “mountain” is Jericho {This tree has certainly dlsapoeared, as I pacedloff the distance up the river and looked in vain for "It in hill. June, 1891. Leaving Lahaska creek and “Windy INow Buckman & Watson’s woodland. Bush” behind us, to stand on its top and JThe oak stood in 1891 by the spring close to M r. look down into the valley, our interest Frank Doan’s house. Examination of toe titles for in old farmhouses that were Washing¬ this and tbe adjoining property in the deed books in Dos lestowu o ay reveal whether itcou d have ever ton’s and Greene’s headquarters and been comprised in ‘ the northwest corner of Hamp¬ meadows where the Continental army ton’s lana.”___ lay encamped before the battle of Tren¬ “Indian field.” We have come as out of ton, wanes at the thought of this puzzle an oasis suddenly into the desert. A of an earlier time. We are on the hillside shuts in the place on the west , “mountain” or “ledge of the mountains” and high woods hide its four or five acres , oi the old deed. Below us ripples Mac- on all other sides. There is no house in keerickkiton, near whose mouth once sight. stood the “corner marked spruce tree.”! Young trees have sprung up and grass I .Somewhere through the leaty dells to the grows on the supposed native clearings ; right is its southern branch, Towssissink, on theUpdyke farm, on Fish run, near ! and there is or may be still the Indian Jamison’sCorner ; on Henry Woodman’s L path and the white oak near a spring farm, on Robin run, near Concord; on® blazed with Penn’s initial. the Paxson property, near Holicong; on Ob Descend the hill, cross the stream and the north side of Jericho hill, and on I j follow its right bank by the road up the Buckwampun, but here, blighted in the | valley, not west-northwest as the deed midst of fertlest Buckingham, theft says, since that would lead up the river, “Indian field,” strangest sight of them| and as John Watson (the second) re¬ all, remains a red waste. marks, “include no land at all,” but The late Josiah B. Smith, of Newtown, I west-southwest, convinced that the deed’s was impressed with the spot, until hist direction was a slip of the pen. death, as the site of Playwicky, but the! Where the dale narrows and the rust¬ fact that no Indian remains have ever ling woods arch thickest over the way, been found there would rule it out, if by the old Hampton tract,|| Towssissink, John Watson’s note, above referred to, | if the Watsons are right, is the brook had not distinctly placed “Playwicky’ that there flows southward across the in Northampton or Southampton town-1 road, and there if anywhere Nature will ship, “about Philip Dracot’s, below tell us the secret of the blazed oak, the! Heaton’s mill.” Indian path and the lost “Playwicky.”) Still to agree with John Watson is notl Tramping through green underbrush easy, for what with Philip Dracord or and by briar-covered banks of shale to Draket or Dracott and Ralph Dracord, [ the rill’s source, half a mile away, Dr. mentioned in the Bucks county deed Charles C. Abbott and I saw in June, books (Y, 309 ; IX, 159 ; IX, 15S,) as own¬ 1892, a large white oak, probably 400 or ing or transferring land in Southampton 500 years old, which may well have been close to the Northampton border, I can¬ one of the most interesting landmarks in not yet find where a Philip Draket lived Pennsylvania. Though we failed to find in 1756, though deeds prove that Heaton’s a trace of the Indian path, the venerable mill is the present (Willard estate) mill oak, not a hundred yards from -the line on Ironwork creek, at Rocksville,North¬ of the Buckman & Watson tract and ampton township. The Dracot family, comprised possibly by the Hampton land says local tradition, once owned the in 1756, close to' the source of Towssis¬ Stephen Delany farm on Mill creek, sink, fulfilled fairly the conditions of the above the mouth of the Ironwork brook, deed, save the blaze. But this, if buried but in a walk along Mill creek for four under its bark, only its destruction or five miles in 1S91 I searched on either could reveal, and we went away wonder- bank in vain for a spot sufficiently scat¬ ! ing if there, like James Miller, of Selins- tered with stone implements, charcoal grove, on the Susquehanna, who, in 1891, and pottery to have indicated an Indian split fifteen Indian beads out of the town of note. heart of a maple, or as a workman in If the few relics on the Delany farm Moore, Michigan, not many mouths ago, mark the spot, then Playwicky was sawed an iron tomahawk, buried ten either a very small village or had been inches in the wood, out of a log, or as occupied but a very short time; while, John Watson, above mentioned, in 1769, should the words “below Heaton’s mill’ found on Lahaska creek the figure of the mean anywhere to the southward of the “Thunder bird,” cut with stone axes, stream, then some inland site, less infer¬ under the bark of a tree, we might not, if ably suited to Indian taste, near Feaster- we dared to cut and saw and split the ville, may yet be found to corroborate noble stem, find somewhere within its John Watson. living circle of rings the tell-tale letter? PECHEQUEOLIN. THE INDIAN TOWN “PLAYWICKY.” If we have lost “Playwicky” we have If to get to the oak? we have followed found thanks to the investigations of Mr. the brook, a strange impression is in Charles Laubach, of Durham, Pechequoe- store for us as we step out of the trees lin, the Indian town about the mouth oi Durham cave, 'whose fire sites and stone into a bleak clearing known as the circles Anthony Laubach remembered * ‘Unto the Delaware river, alias Mak.-riskblckon. about 1812 as extending from Durham Makerisk-kkton, written also Makenskkitton, creek to Riegelsville. So they remained Makerisk-hickon and Makeerick kitton in early till the canal, cultivation and the freshet Indian deeds, denotes. I am inclined to believe, a spot either on the bank or in the bed of the river of 1S41 destroyed them. Delaware. whi< h conjecture I base on the termina¬ William Walters plowed down in 1»53- tion kitton evidently iot uded for kit hanne or gicht- 55 three mounds six to eight feet high on hanne, signifying ' the main stream.’ Hecke- welder. Indian Names, Nazareth, 1892. p. 254. the hilltop behind the cave, near which f Playwicky, “corrupted from Plaenwikichtlt. sig¬ about seven acres of w’oodland cleared nifying ‘the home or habitation of the Indiaus of the by the Indians remained until 1855. group of twenty-tire stones set jou. .were taken away to build a er that navigated the ocean between n-a11, save,one that I saw in ! standing as a land boundary by York and Philadelphia. Her speed 'trails ,n?,ant0H'n /°,ad- Pechequoelin’s was 8 miles an hour with the tide, and and Pftt>s led up and down the1 she was looked upon as a perfect sp< ei • r?ss tke kill by the clearing, up the Brandywine creek and up the I)ur- .men of a steamboat., After running a few ?,r Pictures of the First Delaw are River delphia and Trenton there were but Steamboats Presented by Ex-Senator Jtwo stopping places, Burlington ' and Kinsey to the Bucks County Histori¬ jBnstol. Passengers were received and cal Society. landed in small boats by signals from Ex-Senator William Kinsey, of Bristol, the shore. who takes a deep interest in all that re¬ Apropos of the early steamboats on bates to the county and its history, has the Delaware, in the diary of Sarah | made an appreciable present to the Ridge, written in 1809 and published in ! Bucks County Historical Society. This Kate Field’s Washington, the following | consists of two handsome photographs fs found under date of July 30, while at V in one frame of the first two steamboats Burlington : “A charming Sunday naorn- that plied on the Delaware between jing. After church we went home with Philadelphia and Trenton. They bore !Mrs* Deacon t0 see the steamboat ft his the names of “Phoenix” and “Philadel¬ was the “Phoenix,” which had just come phia.” round from New York by sea and Dela- The “Phsenix” was built by John C. ware bay, and the first steam vessel Stevens, at Hoboken, N. J., in 1.807, which made a sea voyage] come up the and made her first trip to Bristol, river, but itwas not in sight and we soon on Sunday, July 30, 1809. Hundreds returned. About six o’clock Mr. Frank- of people went down to see this jim Lyre made his appearance, with great wonder upon its arrival at How do, ma’am.” He came up in Bristol, among whom was Mr. Kinsey, the steamboat and returned again in then an active boy. She was command¬ the evening. We all walked to the ed by Captain Davis, or Davidson, and river shore. A numerous assembly her engineer was Robert Stevens, son oi gentlemen and ladies, men and of the builder. She wasthe first steam¬ women, were collected on the bank | to see the steamboat. They had re* At about the age of 14 he prevailed on rained sevoral hours before it appeared, I his father to allow him to wear a coat that It was coming over from Bristol. I sup-1 was not made with a plain collar, but after pose it had taken in some passengers he got it he was not satisfied, knowing that) there. We remained on the wharf till! it was not agreeable to his parent’s desire, and the impression was sealed on his mind it came over, took a number of pas¬ that he had dishonored his beloved father,, sengers from here and got under way. so the next coat he had made was in don-' It looked very handsome. It is a boatl fortuity with Friends. about 120 feet long.” At the age of 15 years George was duly apprenticed to William Guaragues to learn The photos, were presented to Mr. the trade of carpenter, and served his timer Kinsey by the Camden ware. __ V _ ^ If who was a daughter of John Wilson, thei celebrated ship builder of that day, who built for John Fitch the first steamboat that ever ran on any water. ' From, George only remained in that colony about two years, a part of which time he was engaged in superintending the building j | . of a large town house about seven miles' distant, but every Seventh-day evening he' walked home, even if there was snow on ) \ Date, (fl.&L’.. ■ y... / f y the ground and the howling of wolves' could be heard, so as to be at First-day 1 morning meeting, as he regarded this re- i BfOGHAPHICALSKETCH OF GEORGE ligious duty paramount to any selfish con¬ sideration. When he left the colony he re-| WRITTEN FOR BUCKS COUNTY FRIENDS’ FIRST- turned to Philadelphia. DAY SCHOOL UNION, HELD NINTH-MONTH In 1821 he was married to Catharine H. 23, 1893, AT SOLEBURY, BY ISAAC EYRE, OF| Master, who proved to be a true helpmeet i NEWTOWN. and sympathizer with him in his religious l George Truman, a valued .minister in the exercises for a period of fifty-six years, ju Society of Friends, was the son of James They moved to and settled in the city of. and Phebe M. Truman, consistent members\ New York, where for several years he pur-§ of our Society, and was born in Philadel¬ sued his business of carpenter and builder.' phia, on the 20th day of Sixth-month, 1798. It was whilst living in New York in the By death he was deprived of his mother’s' Eighth-month, 1825, that he first appeared' care at the early age of two years. He in public as a minister. valued the religious council of his father In 1826 he removed with his family from . and his eldest sister, on whom the care of New York to Abington, in Pennsylvania, him devolved, and at the early age of three where he had charge of the Friends’school,' years he was made sensible ot his Heaven¬ and from there they went to Philadelphia ly Father’s reproof for using an unguarded to live, and removed their certificate to expression of a profane word, the remem¬ Philadelphia Monthly Meeting, where inj brance of which continued with him dur¬ the Tenth-month, 1829, his gift in the inin-! ing all his long life, and proved to be a istry was duly acknowledged, but previous' great preservation to him by causing him to that time he had traveled in the ministry j frequently to leave the company of persons and visited some of the meetings within the | who indulged in impiety. limits of New York Yearly Meeting with His school education was very limited, as the concurrence of the elders, although not he was placed behind the counter in the yet recommended, as in those troublesome! store of his step-aunt at the early age of times it was difficult for all to unite in 12 years, so as to earn his own living. recommending any one. At a very early age he seems to have It was during that visit to New York i been made sensible by a divine power that Meeting that Elias Hicks said to him, “I| he would be, at some time, called to the am afraid thee will be carried out of some work of the ministry, as he wrote as follows meetings,” and at one time it did seem as . in some early reminiscences, viz.: “ I well if there was a danger of it, for when he was remember on one occasion when about in attendance at the Quarterly Meeting at seven or eight years of age, as I was sitting Rahway, where a number of the Orthodox by myself, it was clearly opened to my un¬ Yearly Meeting Committee was in attend¬ derstanding that my Heavenly Father ance, after George had spoken, Richard■' would at some time require of me great Hartshorn arose and said, “ there was a dedication of heart, and that I would have young man present who sat below him and ; to make known of His great goodness and who had occupied a considerable pqrtion of love to the people in the manner that I the time, and as they did not know him, I had heard many valued Friends declare in who he was, where he was from, or any¬ our meetings, to which my father was thing else respecting him, it would be right always careful tq_take me.” for him to let the (authority he was there attending, ancfif he a genius be invented or discovered some thhedma”y Credentials he had better produce things that were quite profitable, and had . George then got up and said, “ My name dhey been known by some men thev would is George Truman. I am a member of ihave made independent fortunes by Abington Monthly Meeting, Pennsylvania. e“- He was the first man who was able I told them what my prospect was and how to bleach cotton seed oil, and he made a I had oeen set at liberty. If I had done machine with his own hands with which to ought agamst the eternal, invisible power ciean cotton seed from the fibres of cotton of truth which witnessed for them in the that cling so close to it, but he did not get secret of their own souls, I was prepared it patented because he feared that it would to be judged by them and their law.”1' jenhance the value of slaves and slaves’ Kichard then said it was no more than labor m the cultivation of cotton. He also “at Friends coming among them was tiie first man to successfully manufac- should make themselves known, and if n^Id a* t,01 ’ which is now so extensively [they had certificates present them. Some ;• 1“e very great improvement o'f [ Fnehds considered that he had presented lamps is also due to his inventive genius, all the certificate that was necessary; but > >rLiVa r?,dUCSd atmosPheric air into the Kichard thought such views ought never to , centre of the flame, and no lamp is now be heard amongst the Society of Friends. j used ?.n aiJy Part of the world for burning Inen the matter ended, and the meeting : coal oil but which maintains the principle of soon concluded. When at Stamford Quar¬ combustion on the system invented by ter he had still rougher usage, but they did 'wfi4fgc■ TiUmun- He also’ in connection not put him out. He accomplished this ■svffh his brother, devised the process of visit on less than $10, although he traveled coating tin with lead, which prevents its over 600 miles. Some Friends offered him rusting, and rendered tin roof painting un¬ money, but he declined to receive any, and necessary, but as it is rather more costly it wa ked many miles, and on his return is not very extensively used. walked from Jersey City to Crosswicks. . one Period he became much interested in 18JO he obtained his first minute to m the manufacture of paper from vegetable travel, and went to meetings in New York fibres and discovered that a very tough ) Yearly Meeting, being accompanied by 'quality of paper could be made from the Olement Biddle as companion. j P. n ; called cat-tail, which grows so luxu- Between the years 1830 and 1877 inclu- nantly in many wet places. sive he had, granted to him by his Month¬ ' , th°ugbhe was brought up to a mechan¬ ly Meeting, thirty-three minutes to travel ical trade, it was his desire from early life. on five of which visits his wife went with ^ Physician, and when about mm as traveling companion. At other I middle age he learned the profession of ; d®ftfllstry> which he followed for some years, by Clement bnt finally he took to the study of medicine, knflvl ’ TRlcha£d tPrlYe> Henry M. Zolli- koffer, James Mott, Wm. Dorsey and Wm and graduated at the college in Philadel-i Byre, but often went without any special p.ma and became a very successful physi-H Nine of bis visits were to New York Yearly Meeting, six to Balti¬ The practice of this profession introduced - more Yearly Meeting, one to Nantucket and wi°f he i';0mRS,of many of the poor and ? as far east as Boston, in New England, one b? wb,om bis services were freely to New England and the British Provinces ndered, and to those he was especially a two to Genesee and one to Ohio and ministering spirit. His intercourse with Indiana Yearly Moetmgs, and one to the ten^e,d 0 broaden and liberalize his British West India Islands. On that visit! th!7“fnd ed hlm oft8n t0 acknowledge he was accompanied by John Jackson and :ba!- Ir? efV817 he that feareth God 1 homas B. Longstreth. This was a very diffi - I u?d woibeth righteousness is accepted with |nim. As very much of his time as a phy¬ VJS1r {ZP^rf'0rm’as the Governor of the Island of St. Croix sent an official notice to sician was occupied in visiting the poor the police masters not to permit them to hold whom he did not charge much, if anything,’ v-' any religious meetings on the Island, and to for his services, it was fortunate that one of ' return to them their minutes or certificates ; his step-aunts-for whom he had attended which he had retained when put in his dls very ear].v years—left the greater hands for examination on their arrival. It part of her accumulated property to him was the fear of their making remarks on the 1 ;T,bK^blDalb ®d blm to Iive very comfortably subject of slavery that was supposed to be in bis declining years. y ,1 the reason for that order or notice. Find¬ He was a great friend of education, and ing there was no opportunity for holding Jas °ile ,°f the S1gners of the original ad¬ meetings on that island, they went to dress that was issued in favor of establish- Y others where liberty was given, and they !f kDOwa as Swarthmoref- held many meetings. An interesting ac- college, and took a very active part as a count was puolished in a book of 130 pages, ,member of the committee to obtain sub | Iscnptions for that purpose, but he was ex¬ .entitled A Narrative ofl/ViSFtolhe Weil ceedingly tried when the’stock idea was Tnhn t1Di184° anj 1841> by George Truman, ! Uohn Jackson and T. B. Longstreth. introduced, which gave the rich more power than the poor, as that did not coincide with be bought by some that so much his democratic views of the equality of by Georgf! in the service man This for a while, chilled his ardor, ‘ Wfhr P}vine Master that very little was left for his temporal affairs, but, being quite but he was willing to hope it would all come "He was the promoter of the “Friendsa’| the close, he said : “ We will soon’be parted. Historical Library,” of which we see fre¬ My Father will be with me in the hour of quent notices published in the Friends' In¬tr need—1 am very weak, but all is well, telligencer. He also used his influence with there is nothing in my way, I am satisfied Anson Lapham, a wealthy Friend in VVest-i with the Divine ordering.” He closed his ern New York, to get him to make the eyes, folded his hands on his breast, and liberal donation for the fitting up and fur¬ quietly and peacefully passed away to join nishing of what is now called the Anson the assembly and church of the first-born, Lapham Repository, at Swarthmore, where! which are written in heaven. He certainly the historical library is now kept. He also died the death of a true Christian. took a lively interest in the Friends’ Cen¬ tral School, and used to enjoy meeting with the children at Race Street Meeting, where | he frequently preached to them. I have said nothing as yet in regard to his doctrinal views, nor do I think it is necessary to say much, except that he was very liberal and was willing to allow every¬ body to enjoy their own belief, and claimed that liberty for himself; and, like Lucretia Mott, did not hesitate to speak plainly c Date, the efforts of the clergy, through the Youn Men’s Christian Association, to control the liberties of the people, as many of their AN ANCIENT ARGILLITE QUARRY AND views are at variance with the liberal prin¬ AN INDIAN VILLAGE SITE ON THE ciples professed by Friends, and he feared DELAWARE. if they are allowed to be carried to their sequence some who are now living may yet BY H. C. MERCER. see the consummation of Joseph Hoag’s [Continued.] vision, of a union of Church and State. He was descended from a long line ofl THE BED OF GADDIS’ BUN. worthy Friends, the same as was his rela¬ I have called the bed of Gaddis’ run a tive, John M. George, w'ho left the liberal pathway because, though drier now than endowment for the George Friends’ School, in the days of the Great Forest, any an¬ w'hich it is hoped will perpetuate Friends’ cient people ascending the bottom of the Society. narrow ravine, must have walked by It has been said of George Truman, by preference on or close to it to avoid un¬ one who knew him well, that “The final analysis of his mind is not difficult—its in¬ & v. necessary clambeiing along the steep spiring force was duty ; its aim, the good of fdopes. the human race; the results, ‘ Peace on As far as appearances went it was a earth and good will to men.’ Of the the¬ quarry in itself, and the wonder was that ology of the schools he knew little and - he ancient stone chipper should have cared less. While taking great interest in mounted the slope to dig argillite blocks the examination and discussion of religious 1 buried seven feet deep, out of the ground, dogmas, they had no lot or part in his relig¬ when he here had, to all appearances, ious life,” as his religion was one of faith, of hope, of loving kindness, of charity. A equally good ones in inexhaustible sup¬ religion that sought out the poor and the ply, lying on the surface. That at the lowly, that saw God in the beggar as in the time of the quarries the stream’s bed was prince, that feared God and worked right¬ probably far less widened by freshets and eousness because it produced the best re¬ oiten brimful of water, may have ac¬ sults in this life, broadened the experience, counted for the absence of worked stone elevated the soul and brought it nearer to along the margin in part, but I looked -4 the divine. A religion that sought to bring for the reason in the fact explained to me; heaven to earth, which is but the footstool of the Master, and is the first step on the by the curbstone cutters, and afterwards onward march toward the great centre of proved by my own experience in chip¬ love. ping freshly unearthed masses, that argil¬ At the time of his death he was occupy¬ lite flakes best when newly quarried and ing the house he had built, on the same wet. This was a feature of the -stone in spot of ground that was occupied by his distinction to the quality of the Hint ol father’s house, in which he was born just Eastern England, which has to be dried 79 years, 5 months and I day previously. - by stoves or in the sun (as the “ICnap- For a few months before his departure his physical powers gradually declined, and for pers” of Brandon told me,) before work¬ some weeks he was confined to bed, but his ing, and to that of the blocks of horn- mental faculties continued in exercise till stone which Mr. S. P. Lelaud (Smiths. liept.,rawv-b 1S81,ICO! PartT>.i ««f 1,)1 \ saw Indians flaking the close of his earthly life. During his by pressure with hot stones. illness he often expressed his love for the Iu a careful study of the ravine from precious silence which was felt when those the quarries to the river, the following most dear to him were gathered in his facts were noted: chamber. Two of his grandchildren coming («) A broken yellow jasper pebble, in, he said : “ Dear children, keep near the about II inches in diameter, lay in the gift of God”; and to his wife, just before! opposite--x-- HuT lowest quarry ;k the celt, the pit. ISearly a square inch of water-worn Jly connecting the site with ihe arlace showed, but there was no sign o ndian, we here looked for evidence of •V •upping'. The bruised, irregular frac-' the very kind of work we wished to see. res and toe red tints at places indicated <1 ranted that, loads of the successful shat it had been subjected to fire. It in¬ ■quarry “turtlebacks” had been carried ferably came from the Delaware river ;.iway to Indian workshops like this ior and was dropped by Indians somewhere Shinning down into the sort of blades we along the stream.* were now finding; here at this first river- (h) Four pebble hammer-stones, three wine halting place below the quarry we box quartzite and one of hard sandstone, anight hope to discover the “missing or trap, 5 inches, 3 andlo inches in largest ’link,” the “turtleback,” which, having diameter respectively, four argillite “tur- ibeen a success at the quarry, was carried tslebacks” of quarry pattern, and four [Slither and broken, lost or 'cast aside in large chips were found in the bed of the (She new process. stream at distances of from 20 paces to k I But the specimens found were confus¬ *500 feet below the quarries. Two of the ing. True, one “turtleback,” one end and turtlebacks” were lying near the chips. : a point seemed fully up to the standard They may have been washed down from of the quarry. The former, with its flat ithe quarry refuse and were probably not "opposing planes, fulfilled my notion of anade on the spot. i what constituted the object of the quarry (c) About 870 feet below the quarry the / workman—a successful inchoate blade iravine widened a little and a small corn¬ . which was not a “reject,” and which field opened on the left bank. There I (would have been carried awav from the picked up several fire-fractured pebbles, j ‘diggings as fit for future thinning. The ,we11 brimmed point of an argillite Trouble was that it and the two other Made of cache form, 1$ inches broad and specimens exactly resemblingthebroken f an inch thick; near it lay two long thin »ands and points at the quarry, had not ikmfe-like flakes, triangular in section, ‘’been modified by any new flaking. What- Uwo heavy chips, one imperfectly chipped |kever the handicraft involved in the mak¬ ioiade 3i inches long, wide and h an ing of the surrounding thin blades, there inch thick, besides two “turtlebacks,” ovas no sign of it on these thiee speci¬ apparently ruder than the average quar¬ mens. If any of the thin flakes had been ry type. Without attempting to draw Worked from them, they would have; any inference from the “turtlebacks,” shown conchoidal grooves on their sur¬ the features of the spot were very signifi¬ faces to prove it; but they did not. The cant. Besides the suggestion of habitation inference therefore was that this particular Auraisned by the fire site, we had a worked "‘turtleback,” after having been brought stone point and flakes evidencing the ex¬ Co the workshop had been lost, and that istence of a kind of blade-making that ;&t, as appeared, the two broken specimens fnas long been familiar to us as the work Ciad been made at the quarry, they had '-r.it the Indian. ween carried down to the workshop after -uppedrr-—--UlUiJiSUea. thin and evidently unfinished completely until the following consider¬ { Aor were we surprised to discover among ation seemed to explain it: It was that :) them eighteen “turtlebacks.” if.fhe'work of quarrying,"Blocking"out and thinning down were properly done, bone punc there ought to be no quarry “turtle- their ends. backs” fopnd at the workshop at all. Thej B- B?£din? (Am. Naturalist, Nov. reason was plain. Any “turtleback” 18/9, p. 667) saw a Cloud river Indian carried from the quarry to the workshop near Mt. Shasta send off an obsidian flake had, ipso facto, passed the failure point. by a blow on a bone chisel, from which i Too good to be cast aside as a reject or he made an arrowhead by direct pressure1 waster, it was now ready for another pro- \ with an antler punch. cess, that of thinning down. If the thin- ! Stephen Powers (Contrib. to N. A. Eth¬ uing work went wrong, or it broke dur¬ nology, vol. 3, p. 104) saw, in 1875, Wiyot ing thinning, it would be east aside as a Indians, on I-Iumboldt Bay and Eagle I failure ot another kind, which let us call River, Northern California, make with workshop failure. But the more thinning bone tweezers arrowheads from flakes of work done upon it up to the point of this chert split in the fire. Edwin A. Cheever latter failure, the less would it look like (Am. Naturalist, May, 1870) about 1840-60 the thing it was when it left the quarry saw California Indians nipping arrow¬ and first arrived at the workshop,namely, heads ot obsidian with notched bones. a “turtleback.” In a word, no quarry Paul Schumacher (Archiv fur Anthro- ; “turtlebaoks” would have been brought pologle 7, 1874, p. 264) about 1860-70 saw to the workshop except those that would Klamath Indians, of northern California, thin down, and those that would thin by direct pressure with bone-tipped j down did, as a rule, thin down, soon punches, making arrowheads from chips losing their “turtleback” character, un¬ splintered from fire-heated masses of less lost, broken or cross-grained. So flint obsidian or jasper. Caleb Lyon then, though many quarry “turtlebacks” (Bulletin Am. Ethnolog. Soc., vol. 1, p. [ may have been brought to the workshop, 39) about 1860 saw a Shasta Indian in1 very tew might reasonably have been ex¬ California chipping an obsidian flake pected to be found there. into an arrowhead about one inch long, Granted, on the other hand, that “tur¬ by direct percussion with an “agate tlebacks” had been made at the work¬ chisel.’1 shop, it was as easy to see why those ot Captain John Smith (6th voyage) about them that were failures had been left 1606 saw Virginia Indians making heart- there, as to see why those of the quarry shaped arrowheads by direct pressure “turtlebacks” that were failures had been with “a little bone.” CatlinGatlin (T.ast(Last Ram¬ left at the quarry. bles Among the Indians, chap. 5, p. 1S7-90) In fact the workshop repeated the story about 1860-68 saw Apaches making ar¬ ofthe quarry and something more. There, rowheads by blows with wooden mallets as at the quarry, “turtlebacks” were upon bone punches set against chips of made from material at hand; but at the flint. Admiral Sir E. Belcher (Trans. workshop the successful “turtlebacks,” Ethnolog. Soc. of London, 1861, p. 138) instead of being carried away, were then about 1858-60 saw Eskimos at Cape Lis¬ and there thinned down into blades. So burn making blades by direct pressure much, then, for the eighteen “turtle- with antler punches on obsidian flakes backs” found at. the workshop. Seven¬ laid over spoon-shaped cavities in logs, teen were “rejects,” made on the spot and and as noted before S. P. Leland (Smiths. cast aside; one was probably a success¬ Rept., 1887, part l)aboutl850 saw Indians ful blank brought from the quarry and •f (unnamed) flaking hornstone by press¬ lost. As for the broken end and point of ing down on it with pebbles about five quarry pattern, their presence re nains a inches broad and six long heated in the mystery, unless we suppose such pieces fire. to have been occasionally brought away Discussion of the above interesting from the mines to be worked up into accounts seems out of place until we have small objects. more satisfactorily verified them by care¬ One more question remained to delay ful experiment. Suffice it here to note us at the workshop. A glance had shown that all, with two exceptions, refer to us that the flakes, some ot them three flaking with a bone punch either by inches long and scarcely one-eighth of an directly pressing on it or by hammering inch thick, were utterly unlike the thick it while held against the stone. heavy chips of the diggings, and as we As all seem to refer to the making of examined the broken blades, them¬ comparatively small arrowheads and selves unmistakable evidences of a hence to the producing of flakes, none of stone-chipping procedure, distinct from which probably needed to be over half that of the quarries, we might well ask an inch long, we must turn to the follow¬ the question, What was the flaking pro¬ ing for suggestions as to the broad blades cess practiced at the ivorkshop? How and formidable flakes found at the work¬ were the “turtlebacks” thinned down into shop. blades? Torquenada (Monarquia Indiana Se¬ Mr. William A. Adams, a miner of ville, 1615) in the beginning of the 17th Denver, Colorado, told me in September, century saw ancient Mexicans sending 1893, at New Galena, Bucks county, Pa., off obsidian flakes six and seven inches that he had seen in about 1861 Pen- long with wooden mounted bone punches; doreilles in Crow Creek Valley.Montana, set against their breasts, from cores hold! Crows in Yellowstone Valley and Plat- between their feet. heads in Montana chipping arrowheads But I know that flakes nearly as long by blows with porphyry and quartz and thin can be sent oft English flint by pebbles, and iron hatchets upon splinters direct percussion, for I saw the “knap-1 shivered with pebbles, or iron hatchets pers” at Brandon knocking them from from masses of obsidian about six inches similar cores with steel hammers.® in diameter. Catlin (Smithsonian Rept., 1885, p. 870) Lieutenant E. J. Beckwith (Pacific R. told George Ercol Sellers that he had R. Survey, vol. 2, p. 43) in June, 1864, seen Indians flaking jasper and agate saw Indians on the Sacramento river, with long wooden punches set with bone in California, making arrowheads from points, weighted with hanging stones quartz fragments by direct pressure with and held against their breasts. When 7" the pressure was applied a co-operator V SP struck a fork in the puncn a blow witlfa club. Dr Knapp (Smiths. Rept., 18S7, part 1) saw Indians on Twelve Mile Island, in the Mississippi river, near Guttenberg, Iowa, making arrowheads by pressing r of of fllnt flafees with their cores Ubf^rfliy^f i^nnsytvenia^l0g!Cal “UBeUm of the w fVhe ®£orie with the side of the leg bone ot a deer used as a lever, and set in a notched tree. The notch was large to hold the blade worked upfn and a basal stone on which it rested. The old building of the Newtown Library Company, an organization that lb8o,18?ie Tp. e8(0)87mT heard1 S,ell fromcers a trapperKept., who was formed in 1760 with a membership had seen Indians sending off large flakes by leverage of the same sort. A long of twenty one persons, has now passed wooden lever was set in the notched tree; away. It stood on the west side of Court a bone point fixed in its side pressed street, about half way between Penn down upon the blade, which rested on a street and Centre avenue, and for years r iPvi H°I'i When the Pressure was an-? waa a cherished spot to some of the old er residents of the place. Since the wiflf a^mallenf' aS *M abovethebone| erection of the new library building it So much for the accounts which I be- has degenerated to various uses, and last inHi!!!'?"5?11 °.f importance thus fan. pro¬ published America by eye-witnesses.!' year was purchased by 8. C. Keith, We learn from them of flaking (a) by'/ prietor of the White Hail hotel. It was dnect percussion;.(&) by indirect percus-i torn down this week to make room for sion, or hammering on punches; (c) byl the hotel stables, which are to be moved dnectpressure;(d) by impulsive pressure,! several feet north flush with the line of or pressure aided by a blow, and (e) by! the property, covering the site of tha pressure aided by heat. ; -y ancient landmark. 3 JMoreover, we have hints in the descrip¬ tions as to digging some stones out of the ground and gathering others on the surface, wetting some and dryinv or! baking others, and we fully realize"that! quesationgraPPllnSr with a very intricate . .Almost dismayed at this greatest craft ot the fc ..one Age,and dissatisfied with our own inadequate attempts to master it, we can well appreciate the remark of oatim, that “great skill was required and a thorough knowledge of the nature of each stone, a slight difference in quality necessitating a totally different manner of treatment.” L&n ancient argillite quarry and QUntil observation or experiment shall AN INDIAN VILLAGE SITE ON THE have enlightened us further, we must re- DELAWARE. main in the dark as to whether the blades m-t.,^^?1?shop in question were made BY H. C. MERCER. of toe kinds ot percussion or any or the Kinds of pressure described, realiz"- [Concluded.] lng only that whatever the process em¬ ployed, it was widely different from that That the sure traces ot white contact ev¬ MPercussion used in fashioning the erywhere noticeable above were not found turtlebacks’' at the quarries. below. That only two rude potsherds ,. main point ot our investiga¬ tioni of toe refuse has heen proved. The were found below, while many of their blade factory was the work of modern | *ype and of other types occurred above- Indians, and was an adjunct of the That the small triangular arrowheads, quarry. I seen above were not discovered below, rJ <*2^ ftiog certain of these interestiro- narra ! while the “fish spear” common below 1 Melrs w ‘aHeef?n'n Tile Descendants of a Conple Married At the meeting to-day John Wildman and, Mary Watson presided as clerks. The his-1 There a Hundred Tears Ago Among torical exercises appropriate to the occasion Those Celebrating the Event were interspersed with recitations and re¬ marks from different friends, the most in-1 teresting being those from descendants of the I Special Telegram to Thk Times. founders of the meeting, giving bits of family Langhorne, November 14. history pertinent to the celebration. The Langhorne tvas to-day the Mecca toward opening address was made by Ella C. Ridge. | which was directed the pilgrimages of the Pierson Mitchell gave the history of the pur-1 Friends of the surrounding country. They chases of property by the meeting; John | came by train and by stage. They came in Wildman recounted the history of the build¬ F their own carriages till the meeting house ings; M. Palmer Rich told of the establish¬ yard was as full as a horse show. They came ment of Middletown meetings, and W. Rod- from Newtown, Wrightstown, Falls and Ben- man Paxson gave an account of the educa¬ salem, from Bristol, Plymouth, Byberry and tional work of the meeting. In the iast con- ' Horsam, from the upper part of “ Bucks nection was read a letter from Judge Fell, ' Quarter,” from Philadelphia and sections be¬ who taught in the Friends’ school at Lang¬ low, and some of them crossed from New horne, then Attleboro, at a salary of 830 per Jersey to be present at the gathering. month, in 1800 and 1861. Poems by Robert The B’riends resident in Langhorne, save IC. Eastburn, Oliver Fell and Washington those who remained at home to make culin¬ Rowe, histories of prominent members of the ary preparations for Friends from a distance, meeting and of the reforms favored by dt, joined the throng. They crowded the old and a number of recitations, completed the Middletown Meeting House,whose centennial exercises. they had met to celebrate. They gathered In cheerful and highly conversational groups on Its old stone porches and on its wide lawn. * And the festive air of the assembly induced one Friend to voice the sentiment of all by From, I.L.CuLC. a «• c.c.X.. /._ remarking that It seemed “just like Quar¬ terly Meeting," which brings hundreds to ' meet with “the Middletown Friends” at ap¬ I (-i i.y (Ac, pointed seasons. A DAY OF CELEBRATION. On “eleventh month, fourteenth, 1793,” as Quaker chronology expresses it, James Wild- Date, L 'S'A.CC.s.A/t'. / Y , man and Rachel Myers were publicly mar¬ ried in Middletown Friends’ Meeting House, the event forming part of the first meeting LOCAL HISTORY. ever held there. The centennial of that date, rather than of the first officially recorded ioixe Accounts of the Good Family—The gathering in the new house, the monthly Accords of Buckingham Meeting—The! meeting ot December 5, 1793, was chosen for Plantation of Edward Good In Plum- . celebration and the descendants of James and Rachel Wildman were present to-day to stcud. join in the exercises. The numerously signed certificate of that old marriage, yel¬ In previous sketches concerning- New lowed with age, yet still distinct and reada¬ Britain homesteads, mention has been ble, was exhibited as was also a curious little made of various members of the Good deed drawn over a century ago to record the family who resided there. The earliest meeting’s acquisition of a piece of land to be used as a colored burying ground. of these was of Thomas Good, who in The present house is the third erected by the 175-1 bought 231 acres of Francis Richard¬ Middletown Meeting, which is one of the son, situated in the extreme eastern cor¬ oldest established by Friends in this country. ner of the old township of New Britain. As early as 1682 it was held In private houses near Neshaminy, and the first notice of a This purchase now covers a number of special building is found in a minute that the properties out Academy Lane, in Doy- forty-first monthly meeting of Neshaminy festown township, extending to the bor¬ was held in the meeting house, April 7,1688. ders oi Buckingham, and a mile north¬ The name Middletown Meeting was first, usi/ east of Doylestown. It is not known: ’ m •'•v ■where Thomas Good had "previously Seen a Plumsteadnian, and tho Harrises, lived or the time of his death. He was tn old Plumstead family. Edward, his ^succeeded by his son of the same name, won Nathan, and grandson Pearson were who in 1762 bought of his lather 128 acres .-#11 carpenters, the two latter having had ■comprising the present Mercer and charge of the meeting house at Bucking¬ Meredith properties. ham since my earliest recollection, more Recently the writer has learned more than sixty years ago.” tacts in regard to this Thomas Good, and ' Joseph Good, second son of Thomas other members of the family through the- t vood, moved from Plumstead to Chester researches of Charles F. Jenkins, of* ■county, and married Martha Michener. Philadelphia. One important point has ’ -Among his children were : Joseph, born not yet been revealed, and that is who •^September 30, 1815; Eleanor, born 1811 was the emigrant bearing that name and March 3, died December 20,1881; Charles, the time of his coming. It is possible j born March 16,1807. Of these Jesse mar- that Thomas Good was such, but at pre¬ ™-,,Amanda Townsend, daughter of sent we have no proof of the fact. William Townsend and Letitia Fell. The first record of the family in Bucks They have ten children. Eleanor Good county we have found in the minutes of married Dr. William Watson Townsend Buckingham Friends’ Meeting. One of" s^a-other of Amanda mentioned above’ these ot the date of February 4, 1727 They resided in Bridesburg, and had ten says that “Thomas Good’s former re¬ --children. Charles Good married Betsev quest of joining himself as a member is Moore, in 1838. Resided in Little Britain accepted.” This would indicate that he township, Lancaster county, until 1854 had been within the bounds of the meet¬ when they removed to Ohio. They had’ ing for some time. Then we have his • seven children, six of whom married. marriage and the name of his wife in the ADBITIONAU FROM BUCKINGHAM RECORDS (record of December 2, 1730; "Thomas 1792, February 15, Jonathan Good mar¬ <4ood had certificate to marry Mary j Jardell, of Abington.” In 1743 his name ried Letitia Kirkbride. -appears as a member of the usual cora- 1803, October 13, Margaret Good, daugh¬ | mittee of Buckingham meeting. We ter of Edward, married James Quinby. may presume that he was a young man Extract from a letter from Jesse Good at the time of his marriage, or not over Chester county, December thirty, so that his birth was not till 1700 -2d. 1891. I am a son of Joseph Good ) we know to the contrary, the site of the and Read at the Centennial Memorial present Gross buildings was the home of Cephas Child before the middle of the Mee ing, at Langhorne, Pa., Ele-renth- last century. The boundry in 1773 was: month 14, 1893, by Mark Palmer Rich. Beginning at corner of Jonathan Rich’s land on road called New Ferry road; In a letter written by William Penn to then along said road and by said Cephas Child’s other lane southwest 37 perches, Friends in England, dated 1st mo. 17,1683, and again southwest 93 perches; then he says of the meetings in Bucks county along said road by Everard Conard’s, “There is one at Falls, one at Pennsbury south 40 perches, and southwest 70 Manor, one at Colchester River. There perches; then by other land of John Child southeast S3 perches to line of Abraham is one Monthly Meeting of women and Freed; then by same and by William men for truth’s service, at Falls, and we Erwin, northeast 147 perches to be¬ intend a Yearly Meeting in 3d mo. next.” ginning. This deed was witnessed bv This Yearly Meeting appears to have Henry Child and John Child before Benjamin Mathews, Esq. been held in the 7th mo. instead of 3d mo. in 1775, Edward Good bought an ad¬ and at this time it was agreed, for the joining lot of Arthur Ewing comprising ease and benefit of Friends of Bucks 14 acres lying on the southeast side. So he had 84 acres. When the Buckingham county, “ to divide the Monthly Meeting meeting house was rebuilt in 1768, Ed¬ at Falls, one part to be held at Nesham¬ ward Good did the carpenter work. Ed iny and the other part on the river ward Good lived on this farm for forty Delaware and that the two should meet years or till his death in September, 1812. In his will he left to his wife Eleanor the together once every quarter.” This was use and income of his plantation, done and the first quarter was held at (whereon I now dwell,) besides a horse, the home of William Biles, 7th of 3d mo., cows and farming implements ; also, $150. Mention is made of daughters Eleanor, The first Monthly Meeting held at Jane, Ganior, Hutchins, Margaret, and Neshaminy was at the house of isicholas Mary Quinby. The sons were John, Wain, who lived on the farm now owned Nathan, Jonathan and Edward. There by William P.Mitchell, 11th mo. Ist,lfe3. were ten children in all, not all of which Meetings for worship were held as eai ly are here named. as 1682 at private houses and tbe> to- fetherwTJthe Monthly| Jg-ung. con¬ ' * •/’>./. "■ %r„ ■ , ; tinued to be so held until_1056 when tin ssu 111 rst meeting bouse was TranxmwesQam- ; Mfy< -This was then called Neshaminy Meeting. It is first mentioned as Middle¬ town Meeting in 1706. From, .- L.;rhe.P!;?^aratiVe meeting was establish- sd in 1722. !686 Friends of Southampton asked that they might have a meeting settled . *inong them. Accordingly there was aeld a general meeting once a month at James Uilworth’s and weekly meetings Date /at the homes of other Friends. In this year Wrightstown Friends also asked for a..\riee,lng f°r-the better accommodation r Sale of a Historical Farm. ot hnends among them. Their request was granted and meetings heldin private Just before the 'battle of Trenton, families until 1721 when the meeting hcuse was built. AVashington had his headquarters in a . following year a preparative meet¬ stone house with a peat roof on the Keith ing was granted them. estate iu Upper Maikl&nd towuship. In 1782 Friends of Newtown requested the privilege of holding a meeting every Bucks coimty. From there, Christmas two weeks during the winter season, as nigbt of 1776, he crossed the Delaware the distance to Middletown was too (great. This plan was adopted and be-, aud won the victory at Trenton, which came the custom every winter until in J led Frederick the Great, years after, to lolo an indulged meeting was granted send him a portrait of himself with the them. Two years later the meeting was regularly established with the privilege words, “From the oldest general in Eu- of a preparative meeting which was then j rope to the greatest general in the 1 nned to Wrightstown. When in 1820 Makefield Monthly Meet¬ world. ” The old stone house and the ing was formed by a division of Falls, estate to which it belongs were sold a ISewtown became a constituent of it. Meetings for worship were held at the few days ago by the heirs of John S. halls as early as 1680, all Friends above Keith to Dr. John S. Paxsou, of Jenner- -Bristol attending meetings for business town. The estate consists of 231 acres at Burlington, N. J. and it brought, $34 an acre The house ,, to 1778, Bristol Friends belonged shows hardly any signs of change since to Falls Monthly Meeting. At their own it was built in 1763. The same peat roof to0y were then transferred to that sheltered Washington shelters the Middletown and it was agreed that all the property which the Bristol Meeting present occupants. Even the hangings was in possession of should be held and erf the room which Washington lived in that meeting from 3d-month, are just as they were then. The prop¬ 1857, to 6th-month, 1873. The Monthly erty was bought from the London com¬ { Meetings were held alternately at Middle- pany by William Keith a few years 'town and Bristol. After the latter date, before Washington made it famous. in compliance with a request from Bristol Friends, their meeting was constructed a Monthly Meeting, called Bristol Monthly ,Meeting ot Friends. So it severed its From,.I( z ^ Meeting00 With Middlet°wn Monthly OP the meetings established by this Monthly Meeting all are still meeting CrW//, ,.' regularly except the one at Southampton. „ ^ tiiat little is known. No record is ' round in the books at hand, of the laying down of the meeting, but it probably Date, Js.Y.1 i/.e.J. ^. was done many years ago. i dl It is a matter of doubt whether thev iver built a meeting house. Th# Doan Family of Highwaymen. From tlie Doylestown Democrat. J. K. Hallowed, propri etor of tile Hors¬ From ham Hotel, has an ancient firearm about Which there is considerable historical in¬ terest. He claims that it is~"rh'e'weap6n with whien Robert Gibson shot Moses Doan, in RJumstead, in 1783, while surprised .Qm. when eating in the house of one Halsey, on Gallows Run. Tile pistol is in good preser¬ vation and from its cumborsomeness is sug¬ gestive oia rifle barrel of octagonal rifling, Date, jit. Hallowell says tbe relic was made a present to him by Albanus Marple, of Hat- 4- Historic Chestnut Tree. boro, who secured it from Anna Conard, an ( Tlie old chestnut tree that stood on the agedlady.who.it is claimed, received it from William Hart, who was one of the in¬ Parson farm in New Hope, Bucks county, has stigators of the great outlaw’s death. be^n cut down to make room for improve g>ents. The tree was over 15.0 years old. I Stood within a few feet of the old York road and tradition says it wag underbids tree that Washington, Green, Jynox and others planned ^he attack on the Hessians at Trenton. w . .. . During the ,__ A- X. hereupon various occasions,'and at the time ot the battle ot Trenton ;n 177(5, this £ From, 'cA; whole district of country was held by the Continental forces. New Hope itself at \ A V this period was in a state of armed de¬ I ^^Jt’ZZZZA/tZ,.(zzZZj fence under General William Alexander —more commonly known as Lord Stir¬ ling—who threw up a strong redoubt on| top the hill, across the pond in a south-, I Date, A.y.' .' ■ /'/' /fZZ, westerly direction from “The Old Parry i Mansion,” and a part of that estate. Lord Sterling also had anothe redoubt An Historical Letter. thrown up on the “Old York Road,” at I , In tearing down an old dwelling house the corner of Bridge and Ferry streets at Danborough, workmen unearthed a j —opposite where The Old Washington] letter, yellow with age, which proved to Tree stood. These, with stockade ’ en¬ have been written in Philadelphia during trenchments, and batteries placed just the War of 1S12, and was addressed by above the Ferry landing, on the river one P. Gourley to his mother. The epis¬ bank, north of the Old York Road, con¬ tle, which is as legible as if it had just; stituted the defences of New Hope in been written, is taken up with the strife 1776 from what General Washington ev¬ then raging between the United States idently anticipated—an advance move¬ and England, and says: “Men of all ment of a portion of the Brisish army at ranks are ordered out, and those who that time. disobey have a file of men sent after The old hip-roof house, recently taken them, just as our neighbors, Messrs. down (and which was immediately op¬ Rose, Patterson, Kenderline and several posite the long avenue leading into the others, were marched down to camp last Paxson estate), was known as “The old Sunday night 19 miles. Provisions of all Fort,” and is said to have been used as kinds are on the rise. There is nothing Lord Stirling’s headquarters, while his doing here. A great number of stores soldiers were stationed at New Hope. and houses are shut up. Many people Here Washington met his Generals have moved to the country till this un¬ Green and Alexander (Lord Stirling), happy war is over. If the English come and here it is also said—under The Old here as they have already to Baltimore it Washington Tree, they first planned the will add greatly to the distress of the Battle of Trenton. Washington had his citizens. Fortifications are building !own headquarters a few miles below r around the city, and the men that are left New Hope (Coryell’s ferry), at the Keith :n the city are sent out to work by the. homestead, and doubtless on many an Governor on set days.” 'occasion halted under this ancient tree to confer with General Stirling, whose earth¬ works were here, and up the hillside be¬ yond. On Christmas, 1776, Dr. Charles FromI,,.. . zZAzcZZAs ! Todd, of New Hope, (then a young lad), watching at the intersection of the old York road and the Trenton or River road where the “C Id Parry Mansion” '^za.ZQ.zA'....£2. stands—witnessed the Continental troops march around the corner into the Tren¬ ton road—and down it with hurrying Date, steps to a point below, on the Delaware river, now known as “Washington’s Crossing,” whero, crossing over that Another Revolutionary. '■Land Mark Gone night in boats, they early on the ’morn¬ From Bucks County. ing of December 26th, advanced upon the A week or two since, to make room city of Trenton and fought and won that for improvements, was cut down the old famous engagement, which has passed historic chestnut tree, known as “The into history as the battle of Trenton. Washington Tree,” which has stood for Many of the boats used at Washing¬ 150 years upon the Paxson estate, a few ton’s Crossing had been collected at feet to the north of the old York Road New Hope andkeptsecreted behind Malta in New Hope borough, says the Lambert- Island—and whence they were floated by ville Record. night to the former place, and used fori This grand old tree measured 22 feet in transportation of the army. Lord Corn¬ circumference ; and though many of its wallis was informed that boats were be¬ limbs were dead, reached out far upon ing collected at New Hope (“Coryell’s either side, making grateful shade in the Ferry”), and sent troops to what is now long summer days from the noontide Lambertville, New Jersey, the opposite side of the Delaware river, to seize them;, sun. Had it ears, eyes and tongue, much A* could it have told of Revolutionary days, hut the soldiers were apparently afraid] for before it on many occasions, passed to cross over, in the face ot the frowning the Continental army in full array,. as batteries which were placed on the river’s they entered into and were driven from bank at New Hope. New Jersey. Nearly every foot of this Gen. Benedict Arnold, the traitor, was part of Bucks county is full of interest to at Coryell’s Ferry, on June 16, 1777, and the student and lover of Revolutionary wrote General Washington from there; lore, for the whole ■ section abounds in and on July 29,1777, we find the honored historic incident, connected with Colonial and lamented Alexander Hamilton ( then and Revolutionary days. New Hope, at a captain of artillery), who wa® killed the time of the Revolution, was known by Aaron Burr in their memorable duel, as “Coryell’s Ferry,” and from Coryell’s writing to Hon. Robert Morris from the. Ferry are dated many letters from same place. .Washington, and other of his prominent Col. James Monroe, afterwards Presi¬ [generals. dent of the United States, was quartered in Dec. 1776, onlthe Neeley farm, just be¬ low New Hone. | From, {J7..CVL Gkc, Bate, Qffy’./': /Sif ^/, -SOLDIERS OF THE REVOLUTION. The Enrollment in Warrington in the War THE BEATTV FAMILY. for Independence—The Veterans Were THEIR SCOTTISH ANCESTOR EMIGRATED Nearly all of Scottish Qrigin. proved an honor and comfort in their accepting ms resignation, expressed his declining years. high appreciation of his faithful and Karan Beatty, daughter of Dr. Heading va.uable services and his great esteem Beatty, married Kev. Henry R. Wilson, for him as an officer and a gentleman. D. D., who Immediately alter their mar¬ Most of his subsequent life was spent on riage went to Indian Territory, as a ttie Castle Howard farm near Princeton, missionary among the Choctaws. Ex¬ N. J., which he purchased and on which posed to many hardships and privations he devoted himself to practical and scien¬ in an unhealthy district her health'soon tific agriculture. In 1799 he was married failed and in less than a year she was to Mrs. Susanna Ferguson, ot Philadel-1 taken from her husband by death, July phia, who with her daughter immedi¬ 15, 1835. He was afterwards sent to ately went to reside on the farm with, Hindostan as a missionary, and at a him. In civil life he was often elected toj later period became the secretary of the honorable and important offices. Hei board of church erection ol the Presby¬ was justice of the peace, judge of the J terian General Assembly, which office county courts, member of the State Leg- j he ably filled till his death, a few years islature and of the council, and for a since. long period treasurer of the Society of the 6. The eighth child of Rev. Charles Cincinnati. His later years were passed Beatty was called by his father Erkuries.a in Princeton, where he died in 1823, in name that he himself coined in gratitude the 64th year of his age. lor the gift. It was derived Irani two He had three children, one of whom Greek words—e, from, and Kurious, the was Rev. Charles Clinton Beatty, D. D. Lord, which after a few changes in spell¬ He graduated at Princeton College, and ing became Erkuries. The bov was pre¬ alter traveling in the West for the bene¬ paring for Princeton College when the fit of his feeble health, studied theology war with Great Britain commenced, and/ and preached in the vacant pulpit of the though only sixteen years of age be, Presbyterian church in Doylestown two wished to join his older brothers in fight-1 months in the summer of 1822, when ing for the liberties ot his country, but through his labors and the aid of others a for a time he was restrained by his guar¬ season ot great religious interest was en¬ dian on account of his youth. However, joyed and about seventy persons united | he successfully engaged with others in a with the church, trebling its numbers.' privateering adventure to capture a Receiving a call from the Presbyterian British sloop near Elizabethtown, and church in Steubenville, Ohio, he decided soon after enlisted in the ranks as a sol¬ to accept it and was installed pastor in dier, rising ultimately through several 1823, which position he occupied thirteen, grades of promotion to the position of and a half years. In those days in that' major. He was in many severe battles— new country ministers were content with | with 'Lord Sterling on Long Island, in small stipends. His salary at first was the retreat by night; at White Plains, $500 and he never asked thei people to and in command as a sergeant of a guard increase it. In 1824 he attended I as a over some stores, where he narrowly es¬ delegate the General Assembly in Phila- .A caped being captured or slain and every delphia, and was married in June to one of the detachment was killed or Miss Lydia R. Moore, a daughter ol Dr. a wounded but himself. He took part in Moore, of Bridge Point, Bucks county, J ' the engagements of the Brandywine Pa., to whom he had been attached from under Lafayette and at Germantown, in his youth. His young wife, however, the latter of which he was wounded in was not spared to mm long. She passed! the thigh. Fainting from the loss of Iroui earLh in June, 1825, and hermiantl blood he was carried from the field and daughter soon followed her. In 1827 he I laid at the door of one of the Society of was married to Miss Hetty E. Davis, of Friend^, who took him in and sent lor a Maysville, Ky. She was fond of teach¬ gentlemau to whom he was well known, ing, and in accordance with her wishes a Mr. Erwin, who lived near Hatboro. they established the Steubenville Female There he remained till he had recovered Seminary, which for many years was and then returned to the army, which widely known as a popular institution of 1 had encamped at Valley Forge. In 1778 high standing and eminent usefulness. ' he was in the battle of Monmouth under In 1840 he received the degree of D. D., I General Wayne; on the Hudson; at and in 1860 that of LL. D.,from Washing¬ I Schoharie to protect the town from the ton College, Pa. Often a member of the \ Indians; in an enterprise against the Presbyterian General Assembly, he was ) Onandagas, in April, 1779 ; and in Sulli¬ elected the moderator of that body in I van’s expedition against the savages in 1802 and the next year preached the ser¬ the fall ot the same year. After Arnold’s mon at the opening of its sessions. He . treachery he was stationed for a time at was called by his brethren to takea prom- j West Point and in various other places incut part in the reunion of the two sev- j where ho saw hard service in the Held. ereu branches of the Presbyterian Church,! He assisted in the capture of Yorktown, being chairman of the committee of tiie Va., saw the British laydown their arms, old school assembly, and of the united! and was detached as a part of the guard committee composed ot the two commit- j over the prisoners at Lancaster, Pa. tees, whose report was adopted by both Throughout the war he was an active, bodies, and sealed their union. In many I brave and meritorious officer. Subse¬ other ways he was honored by j quently for several years he acted as ecclesiastical organizations, with which i clerk in the War Office, settling the ac¬ he was connected, which time forbids) counts of the Pennsylvania line and as me to mention. Altera life of singular paymaster in the Western Army, which benevolence, usefulness and distinction, made it necessary for him to often visit he died at his home it Steubenville, O., New York and Philadelphia to confer October 30,1882, in the 83d year of his age. with the Secretary of War about cloth¬ 7. William Pitte Beatty, the tenth child ing, paying and provisioning the troops. of Rev. Charles Beatty, was named after In 1793 ill health and other reasons In¬ the eminent English statesman, whose duced him to resign his relation to the opposition to tne tyranny ot Great army, when General Wayne, in a letter Britain in her treatment of the colonies . .S rendered dun dear to every patriotic 1 American. In occupied, or captured by the American forces during the War of the Revolu¬ tion. The bill also provides for the |aieadfed aiin l18508W Smi Blea extremetnurPolk age.’ a ladandY> who marking of all such places with suitable remembered to have .seen General Wksii- (tablets or other commemorative indica¬ lngton when his army was encamped at . tion showing the location and its. uses Neshamtuy, and he rode on horseback at .and purposes, and by wiiat forces, dur¬ ,Cde: dfad °* his troops and took oil his ing the Revolution. There are a num¬ |iaJ;.tde if dles <^at greeted him. Will- ber of historic spots in Bucks county !au? , t,e Beatty was a good penman and that would be marked under the pro- naa a talent lor arithmetical calculations 1 visinna Uilr ana was employed in various official posi- «t tions in Bniladeiphia and Columbia, | Ban caster county, in which latter place ne was postmaster many years. His i°tnJ£ lde lound its close in Philadelphia wal?«oh°1Ile 01 one ot his sous> when he was 82 years oi age. Like his brother Lrkuries he maintained to the last the | practice ot wearing the hair in a quiue J^jand mother respects resembled an old- fashioned gentleman. He was one of the irounders and principal supporters of the (Presbyterian church in Columbia, and ardent patriot arid Iriend ot every thing' that benefited humanity. One of his cnildren, George Beatty, in 18L, had charge of a large section of the l' Chesapeake* and Ohio vaijajcanal; f AA1in 4,001837 f Lit)he I was secretary of the Executive Council I ■ . the territory of Iowa; and on the divi¬ BOUNDED MANY YEARS AGO sion, beheld the same position in Wis- jconsin; hewas likewise the Auditor Gen- | AND ALWAYS PROSPEROUS. I iura7 and Treasurer of that Territory; and (had charge of the building of the North- jern railway of Canada, in which ACTIVE WOKKEKS AND SOCIETIES. capacity he secured the approved and (commendation of the directors, which iwas expressed by special resolution. (The Doylestown Presbyterian Church and Another son of William P. Beatty, Its Career Extending Over Many Years— Lrkunes, resided at Carlisle, Pa., and Iwas Assistant Adjutant General in the The Work in Which Its Pastor and Mein- late civil war under General Miles, and Tiers are Actively Engaged. received from the War Department the rank by brevet of Lieutenant-Colonel I tor gallant and meritorious services. During the past few years there has been I have already, I fear, exhausted your =a marked development of interest in church I patience and will close with the remark that the record of Rev. C. Beatty, and ■work in Doylestown and vicinity. Some I his family, is in a high degree honorable. attribute it to meetings inter-denominational ! Patriotism, courage love of military in character, and others to the organization | service, industry, executive ability, and of societies like the Christian Endeavor, piety are qualities which have been ex¬ emplified m an unusual measure in the which have induced young people to take a ancestors and in their descendants. more active part in church services. There is no doubt, however, but that the pastors have been chiefly instrumental in bringing | about this desirable state of affairs. Doylestown is extremely fortunate in hav¬ ing efficient and earnest ministers in her ., churches. This is also true of places in the vicinity of the town. Interests common to ( all the churches have created fraternal feel- j mgs in one toward another. Therefore the ' work of each is a matter of general interest. Kate, 1 The Republican publishes to-day the first of a series of articles, which will appear , from time to time, relating to the churches /To Mark RevoliiHooiiary Spots. of Doylestown and their work. y Among the billsyfutroduced iii the! The Doylestown Presbyterian is one of Sephte last week was one by Mr. Sher the early churches in the county, the parent i church being founded at Deep Run about ! man, which, if it passes, will revive, in 1725, and the present church established , ;some quarters at least, a discussion of. J about 1804. Its congregation will always re¬ ] Revolutionary history. The bill pro¬ vere the name of Dr. S. M. Andrew's, the vides for the appointment by the Presi¬ (pastor who filled the pulpit nearly a half dent of a Commissioner to locate and , (century. The church was brought to its determine the site from existing maps' present strength under his ministry, and the or records, or, in the absence of such; present structure, with a seating capacity of Z-> ''J BUUU | .800, was built during his pastorate at a cost from the best and most available of over $30,000. evidence that can be obtained, of all battlefields, earthworks,_-1__ redoubt’s, forts 1 fortifications, or structures built, used’ teaching them It had also shown stead of depriving them of a single goc _ thing, they might with propriety enjoy, is really a blessing. The work of the society prepares them to take a position in the next few years in the church that otherwise they would never have been able to take. The President of the Bucks County C. E. Union, Mr. C. D. Hotchkiss, and Mr. Will-, iam Mason, the C. E. District Secretary, are both active members of the Doylestown C. E. Society. It can be safely said that Chris¬ tian Endeavor work in the Presbyterian Church has disproved one thing to which many have clung tenaciously, and that is woman’s unfitness for active, public church work, especially speaking and offering prayers in church meetings and presiding as leader. Efficient young women, capable of all the work their brothers do and doing it with equal ability are in the majority in the Doylestown Society. There is also connected with the church a very efficient choir, of which Webster Grim" is leader and Martin Hulshizer organist. There are six Sabbath schools under the supervision of the church, in addition to the main school. All the schools together have an attendance of 850 children. The outside schools are Bridge Point, Friendship, Pebble { REV. W. HAYES MOORE. Hill, Churches, Deep Run and Mechanics- ville, the last named being a union school, I The prosperity of the church was con¬ though under the spiritual supervision of tinued under Rev. W. A. Patton, but was the Doylestown church. The home school} never greater than it is to-day. During Mr. numbers more than 300 scholars, the primary Patton’s ministry the manse was built, and department alone numbering 100 children. it is now entirely free from debt, the last The active teachers number about 36, each payment having been made last April. taking charge of from 5 to 10 scholars. The The present pastor of the church is Rev. school has an excellent library to which 100 W. Hayes Moore. Under his administra¬ volumes have recently been added. John tion it continues to prosper and flourish L. DuBois, Esq., is superintendent of the He has cherished with special care the so¬ Sunday Schools, Mrs. Henry Chapman be¬ cieties or organizations of interest to the ing superintendent of the primary depart¬ young people of the church. There has ment. probably never been a time in its history In prosecuting his work the pastor is ably when they have taken such an active and assisted by the elders, upon whom he must general interest in church work. constantly rely for support and encourage¬ Rev. W. Hayes Moore is a native of Cecil ment. Those who are nowT rendering effi- j county, Maryland,leaving there about twelve cient service are John L. DuBois, Esq., Geo. years ago. He attended the West Rotting- » W. Hunt, J. L. Erwin, Carlisle Shepherd, ham Academy at Calora, the school founded Jacob Hagerty, Philip Fretz, John G. Harris in 1741, where Benjamin Rush received his and Henry W.Gross. John Beatty and Benja- ] early education. Mr. Moore taught school min Rich, who have been elders many' three years after leaving the academy, and years are not now in active service. then went to Westminster College, in Law¬ The Doylestown Presbyterian Church has i rence county, Pa., graduating in 1886, and been very active in benevolent work. Morel then to Princeton, where he graduated at the than $1500 was sent away from Doylestown Theological Seminary in 1889. In the Spring in one year, while the total sum expended i of that year he accepted a call to the New for all church purposes amounted to more! London Presbyterian Church, in Chester than $6000. county. He was ordained and installed at Since Mr. Moore became pastor 148 people New London, June 5, 1889, and remained have been received into the membership of, there a year and four months, when he was the church, 106 by profession of their faith called to Doylestown, September 2, 1890, and and the others by transfer from other installed October 16. churches, 34 being received at last Com¬ The Christian Endeavor Society of the munion, in February. The total member¬ church had been organized but a short time ship at present is 553. before Mr. Moore came to Doylestown. He The pastor of the Presbyterian church is a at once took a great interest in its develop¬ firm believer in inter-denominational fellow¬ ment. It has grown to a membership of ship and co-operation with other churcb.es 125, and a junior order of the Endeavor has in all kinds of moral and religious work. recently been organized with 31 members, In speaking upon this subject he said; “I from 8 to 15 years of age. Mrs. John L. think the time is past when denominations Shroy is President of the Senior Endeavor should stand aloof from each other. One and Herbert Ervin presides over the Junior hopeful sign of the times is that such organ¬ order, with Miss Agnes Brunner as Super-i izations as the Christian Endeavor Society intendent. The Sunday schools and Ladies’ are becoming so popular, for they emphasize Foreign and Home Missionary Societies are the things that are common to all denomi¬ the other organizations within the church. nations and make little of the differences. In speaking of the work of the Christian “It is always an extreme pleasure to me Endeavor Mr. Moore stated that he regarded to have pastors of other churches in my it as one of the most flourishing and helpful pulpit, either in union services or by way organization in the church. It had greatly of exchange. It is one of the pleasantest promoted church sociability, and had deep¬ features of a Doylestown pastorate that all ened the spirituality of the young people, the resident ministers, as well as those of the surrounding community, regard each wneu the horse and saddle was the other as fellow-laborers in the same great aim;.st universal method of travel to and cause, and never look with jealous eye* from meeting, 5iut*ks of stray bullets upon each others work.” that have plowed their way through the window ceSemeuts call to mind the time the house was occupied by the soldiery, and its use as a hospital during the ‘war. t here is littie change in the surround- | From,. ■iiu save here and there an ancient oak has succumbed to the blast and other .shade trees have been planted to take their places. I wish it could be said that V/v.CSay.., the places of our fathers who worshipped here long years, and have been gathered into rest, had been taken by their descen¬ Date, ///', dants. Such is not the case however, to any extent, sixty years ago the familiar laces ot ihomas Carey, John Watson, • A Short History of the Barndt Family. John Wilson, T lomas Paxson, Joseph Watson, Israel Eaucaster, Samuel Black- The Barndt family came from Tyler.- *au il.ie “ffii-ster, Samuel Johnson, the port to Chalfont in 1815 when John Waltons—Abner, Hiram and Jonathan, Barndt bought the lower tavern property Isaiah Jones, Nathan Good, William H and 40 acres of laud. He came from Johnson, William Betts, with many Tylersport and kept the Eagle hotel lor others occupying the higher seats, looked n life time. At the time of his death he over the congregated assembly. had reached 87 years of age. His son, looking over those gathered on [David Barndt, 82 years of age, and now eirst-day last the only representatives of the second oldest resident of Chalfont, die long Ime ot former worshippers were ,was formerly a local merchant there. Watson, Betts, Good and Paxson. Pear- From this family the village took the pon Good, who has charge of the house name of Barndtsville which assumed this and grounds at present, has held that name until 1845, when Williams Stevens, position about half a century. He seems [who kept the rival store, obtained the to hold over under civil service rules post office and changed the name to perhaps. May be our law makers bor¬ Whitehallville. About 1870 the railroad rowed their “Civil Service” from Friends jcompany started to call the station Chal¬ •Nathan Good, father of Pearson, held the font and ai way's afterwards the little vill¬ same position for a like long term. age has been called by that name. The Father and son must have been faithiul ■ first bridge across the Neshaminy creek -o their trust, else they would not have was built at this place in 1792 and was oeen able to retain their hold upon the succeeded by the present covered bridge society. Not a dissimilar view is pre- •rebuilt in 1840. During the Revolution¬ gented in the political world of father and ary War Washington and his army ford¬ sou (Camerons) holding over in lon«- ed this stream above the site of this kke the Goods, and something bridge on June 20th, 1777, and encamped ^.kin to civil service. Is it good in botn at Doylestown the following day. t.oSeS't» *jdward Hood, grandfather of the now Patriarchal Pearson, was a carpen¬ ter, and did the wood work ot the present meeting house. The polished cedar finishing in doors is his handiwork, and a century or more has made little im¬ pression or dimmed its lustre to any ex- The hour for assembling of the worship¬ pers having arrived the conference came to a close and in the language of Whittier, Ihe silence of the soul that waits for jinore than man to teach,” gave an oppor¬ tunity for all to hold sweet converse j spiritually. The meeting was a silent HISTORIC BUCKINGHAM MEETING. •one no preaching to the outward, but from .he well ot deep memory’s spring “Vale” visits the Ancient Edifice And came up the remembrance of eminent ministers who in times past have attend¬ Calls to Mind One of the Most Eloquent ed this meeting and given timely counsel Preachers That the Society of Friends concerning things eternal. Most of those conspicuous in this line within the Has Ever Known. last forty or fifty years will be remem¬ bered by many, if not all our elderly i On First-day morning last the writer .people now living, and the limits of this paper will not admit of their recital here. was led to make his annual spring pilt ■ Get us roll back the car of time some six- grimage and mingle with those who are ty years or more and call to mind the [ wont to gather weekly and hold spiritual name of Jesse Kersey. He spent a win¬ [converse with the author ot all good. ter with us, making his home with John Watson, lather of the late Judge Watson, Arriving at an early hour an opportun¬ and attending the meeting usually every ity was presented of viewing some of the .Sabbath. Ihe meeting house was well old landmarks that have made this ailed m those days, many of other de¬ edifice memorable above all others. nominations attracted thither by the | matchless eloquence of the preacher Erected long before the Revolution it has Although a mere youth 1 well reuiem- [claims to great antiquity, and the Jni-e | her his manner and appearance. He had Stone‘-horse block,” so-called, that yet [long passed the meridian of life, with I remains, carries us back to the period 122 -i,eilect undimmed, while his bowed great indii_ form aud whitened locks served to give with us, to anticipate Horace Greeley’s additional interest to his eloquent dis¬ advice and “go West.” Many good course. Rising in his place he calrny people from our midst sold their posses¬ •surveyed the assembly, then his clear sions • here and took up their long and and mellow voice would be heard in every toilsome journey in their white tented corner of the large house. He usually farm wagons with all their household ef¬ commenced his sermon with a text, so to fects therein. The exodus from Plum- speak, a practice not so generally follow¬ stead was most noticeable and it con¬ ed by our ministers, as is the case with tinued for many years thereafter. Many other denominations, which he would Friends joined in the general throng, «almy and deliberately consider, reason and their passports of good fellowship upon it. and support by scriptural and standing here were forwarded to quotations, and by a clear logical deduc¬ jSalern Monthly Meeting, Columbiana tion and cogent argument, discourse of precious gilts of God to the souls of men, county. The glowing accounts received here from the early pioneers, ot their of that laith which is the evidence of things not seen, the substance ol things success, and the rich lands purchased for hoped for; that faith which proceeds from a trifle led others to turn their faces west¬ a living principle, the light and life of ward, and as late as 1835 the tide flowed j in that direction. By that time, how¬ the spirit, and manifests itself in corres¬ ever, Ohio lost all claims to wilderness, ponding works. As himself and hearers and was well settled up; travelers west- - became more deeply interested the sensi¬ bilities were awakened, the examples of ward pushing on to Indiana and Illinois, the devoted servants of the Most High, notably to the latter State, Indiana not1 being held in as high esteem as her sister in past ages, and of His precious visita¬ States on either side. tion to all people, in all times, for the guidance and preservation, were dwelt The reader will perceive ere this, no doubt, that in traveling spiritually with •upon, in persuasive and touching ap¬ peals to the feelings and in tones pathetic Friend Kersey to Ohio, I have wandered j and impressive. He held that there was somewhat, and find myseli discoursing! other guidances given man besides the tor things temporal. I discovered the! written law—even the light within that the error myself, however, and when! Divine monitor that has been with man about to correct it, I found William-- from the beginning and will continue Betts and Pearson Good were shakin until life’s pilgrimage is ended. That it hands, which was the signal for the as' is not of'rnan or his teachings but is born i.sembly to rise. Yalje.i of God, and implanted in the breast of all.whereby they may discern good from evil. It was truly “the feast of reason and the flow of soul,” in the higher sense, From, awakening to a recognition ol our obliga¬ tions of worship and obedience to a benefi- cient and merciful Creator, and love to Him and love to our fellow creatures. This imperfect sketch will give but a faint idea of his matchless powers of oratory. With little education, but nat¬ urally gifted, he applied himself closely Date, A. A to the work he felt nad been assigned to him, and it has been acknowledged by competent,judges that, within or without fllL FIffllLI Ul hUm tuoisri. the Society of Friends, in England or America, no more gitted and impressive power of sacred eloquence have been Some Interesting Facts About Its heard than those that proceeded from the Ancestors and Present Members lip3 of Jesse Kersey. Is it any wonder then that the old meeting house, during Here and Elsewhere.—A Pleasant the winter of his presence among us, w.as Reunion at Jenkintown. filled to overflowing? This was in the later years of his ministry, when his George M. Kohl, a long-time resident manhood had lost somewhat ot its for¬ of Jenkintown, on Saturday gave an en-; mer force and vigor. As early as 1813,' (I learn, he, in company with .Philip tertainment at his house on West Avenue I Price, of Chester county, the head and to his relatives and intimate acquaint-1 we may say the founder of the celebrated ances in commemoration of his birthday. Westtown boarding school, made a re¬ AmoDg these were several from Philadel¬ ligious visit to the then new Yearly Meeting in Ohio, being the first session, phia and Bucks county. After a sump¬ as such, held there, Ohio at that time tuous dinner and some conversation, Mr. i being “the far West.” It was thought Kohl called the assemblage to order In his by many to be a risky spiritual adven¬ ture to establish a Yearly Meeting of parlor and requested William J. Buck’;; Friends in bounds so closely allied to the the well-known historian, to make some , wilderness. It proved a success, how¬ remarks, to which he cordially responded 8 ever, and doubtless Friend Kersey’s as follows: presence and counsel had much to do in bringing about this happy result. On so interesting an occasion as the '-j At that j>eriod no railroads traversed commemoration of our esteemed friend’s 1! “br continent, and wagon travel was seventy-fourth birthday, as well as in the d ^Jsome and difficult. The two Friends, presence of his descendants, relatives and; \cs\e the journey on horseback, making acquaintances, I think I would be derelict: ,'\d stops where they found settle¬ to duty did I not comply with his kind rs of Friends, and held meetings by request that I now make 9ome remarks ' vMntment. The new country otfered| adapted to the circumstances that have brought us together. Having known him since the Spring of 1812, and only_flvej «•*? rfyears his junior,T am thus please'u uo enabled among those present to bestow daughter Anna P. is present, now a.. pupi some tribute of my personal esteem. The of Abington Friends’ School, and has be anniversary of a long familiar friend’s side six other children. Alfred is married birthday, who has now attained to almost to Elizabeth Walton, for some time in tnree-quarters of a century, is an impor- Jenkintown, and has sons Charles C. and tant event and as such deserves also our George M. Mr. Kohl was the pioneer in \k regard. introducing the hydraulic ram in Bucks The surname Kohl by its orthography county in 1847, and the first plumber in denotes it to be conspicuously German. this borough. It was from the valley of the Rhine, and In conclusion will yet state that I per¬ ■ very probably Alsace,that the ancestors of sonally congratulate him for the many thisfamily emigrated. Amongtliese was years he has attained and as one of the John George Kohl, who arrived in Phila- companions of his youth of over half a iTf?on^*a Mary, September 26, century ago, am grateful that I have also 173^.. and a few years later was married been permitted to survive to this occa¬ po Mary Barbara Behben. We know from sion. His brothers Mahlon and Charles, - records that fn the Spring of 1741 he re¬ now for some time deceased, were pupils sided in Falkner’s Swamp, New Hanover of mine while principal of the Willow township, where his daughter, Albertina Grove school in 1847-8-9. The Kohl family Was born, May 6th of said year. Soon is still numerous around Bucksville, after this he removed into Nockamixon Philadelphia, Bethlehem, Doylestown and fsettled on an original purchase of elsewhere. They have at various times I land on the Durham road, now in the intermarried with the Buck family, lower portion of Bucbsville, a distance of hence have also one reason why I am here about thirty miles north of Jenkintown. and if any undue partiality has been ex¬ Here his daughter Abigail was born, hibited in these remarks let it be some July 4,1742, and in his house was married apology for one, a resident now for forty 1 to Nicholas Buck April 21, 1761, now years in Jenkintown, some cause for his almost 133 years ago. He died on his said being so well and widely known through¬ f farm July t3,1779, aged 79 years. He had out this section. . three sons, George, Jacob and Joseph, A ■ ;who were enrolled in Captain Jacob .Shoopes company in August, 1775, and who gave in their allegiance to the new ‘ form of government August 27,1778. He From, had other children, but their names have not been ascertained. It is my opinion‘that said George of Revolutionary memory ,was the grand- Sif«ep°fK Ur-h°n9^ ?i:iesd- He and his wife, Catharinej we-ltnow had sons An¬ thony and George, besides other children S Date, However, we are assure* that Geojge M. if Kohl s ^grandfather vttiat given name and affcef whoffi^hb^ls eflled, HIDDEN INDIAN VILLAGES. was born near Bucksville I he Ernest Volk, a searcher forthe prehistoric married, and , about V?86 removed map, who is in the employ of the Cambridge eight miles dbis. ywiy QnS''.a farm a,at Curley Hill, Plumstead township, where University, is preparingan interesting paper Sjl he resided until his death. Here his sons fn the hidden villages of the Delaware Val-* 1 <*eorge, ^Nicholas and John and a daugh¬ I ley. Within the past few years he has ter Elizabeth were born, the latter aTib- unearthed villages on the banks of the " sequently married to Charles" Carman. Delaware river. His remarkable finds, Nicholas was born in 1790, and while a .boxes altogether, were at the young man removed to Willow Grove World s Fair and are row in the cases of where he purchased a small farm, and in the Cambridge University museum. This , connection therewith followed shoemak- scientist is now devoting his time to telling mSh omvJa!:er V10, manufacturer of the high eight-day clocks,one of which may be about bis remarkable discoveries just below * here owned by his son. About Trenton, a few yards beyond the grave of 1818 he married Martha, the daughter of Gen. George B. McClellan. Here he found *raelf Sickener, also of Kumstead, who from three to five feet under the surface of was of Welsh descent and for some time [the meadows a thriving Indian village, well proprietor of the noted Red Lion Inn governed and having the evidences of be¬ and postmaster of said village. They had children, George M„ Elizabeth, sub^ ing one of the most important in the Dela¬ ■sequently married to Charles B. Walton ware Valley. Mahlon and Charles. Nicholas Kohl was Some 500 years ago the Delaware river, i nearly a life long resident at the Willow below Trenton, took an easterly coarse and ’ Grove, where he died in i860, aged 66 made a branch stream through the mead¬ years; his wife survived him until 1873 ows, which was called by the Leni Lenape - liavmg attained to the same age. Thev IndiansAchpoachguissing, afterwards called |j repose beside each other in the grave¬ by the early Swedes and settlers, the Po- ? yard attached to Horsam Meeting House He was a highly respected neighbor and catguissing creek. These Indian names £■ an ingenious mechanic, traits that have have not been preserved, for the nearest \ been perpetuated in his descendants railroad station is called Rusling, after the a George Michener Kohl as may be judged well-known General James F. Rusling, of v by this anniversary was born March 17 Trenton. The surface gives no indication 1820, and was married October 10 1844 to that below the green grass and the tide s Mary H., daughter of John Gouriey who have two surviving children; Milton S there was hidden from view a primitive married to Mattie, daughter of Benjamin municipality. Just how the scientist found R,,'h is a farmer in Kansas, whose it he will not say, but he located it after some study and superintended the details [of taking off the forty and fifty inches ofl tain are cinefiyTrTa bad state of preserva- topsoil himself, so that he could have the| tion, and only with the utmost care the ex- N whole arrangement of graves and pits be-| plorers succeeded in saving a few of the ™ fore him, and could acquire a knowledge of best of the ccanias. The body is generally the habits and occupations of the citizens found laying, upon the side, knees drawn! of the town that was an industrial centre up toward the body. No particular care is j before Columbus was setting eggs on their taken which way the head is pointed.! ends. Several graves contain two skeletons, oneH A systematic exploration reveals the fact placed on top of the other and again along-1 that an accummulation of twenty-four to side of each other. The bodies seem to I twenty-five inches of soil had taken place, have been of medium size, averaging inM since the last dwellers left the village site. life from 5 feet 2 inches to 5 feet 10 inches.; - The first traces of occupation are now five In looking over the numerous material] feet below the present surface. To name collected from this village site, and takingl I the time that has elapsed since the last resi¬ into consideration the conditions in which dents have left here would be speculation. they found this material, many interesting! R The shore of the stream was covered by a features are discovered that will bear upon r luxuriant growth of forest trees, their foliage the clearing up of several dark points here* 4 would help a great dead the grass land to| tofore unexplained. S swell the accumulation, together with the FIRST TRACES OF OCCUPATION. sediment of muddy water standing over \the place at high freshets, so when these The first traces of occupation are found I matters are taken into consideration in fully five feet below the present surface; [I comparison with other accumulations he rude fragments of argillite rock artificially i I estimates that from 350 to 400 years may detached, loosely distributed over thelw have elapsed since the departure of the last yellow, undisturbed sandy loam, then I ithe surface. No other stone except thefl residents of this place. broken quartzite pebbles that served as! THE VILLAGE SITE. hammer stones accompany these, but as' , The whole length of this village site is] we get eighteen to twenty inches nearer! 3 nearly 500 feet, and the width varies bed the top or surface, about half-way of theij tween eighty to 100 feet. After removing layer accumulated during the stay of these a the two feet of accumulation, which is com-| people, we find that another material is ■ posed of leaf mold and sand, and does not • introduced out of which implements I I contain anything in the line of relic3, it is •f are made. This is the yellow, green I Ij found that these people living here have and red jasper, black chert and white I 1 dug into the earth 170 pits, varying in size quartz. This is plainly showing that argil-1 from eighteen inches to two feet and more lite was the first material used by the first I in diameter and the same in depth, numer¬ comers here for a long time and then used H ous hearths, fire pits, ash beds and graves. alone. The pits were dug from various iji All these are found in the three feet of levels and depths, and those that were dug J| ai/VtUaccumulated L-Li UltXLV^VA ownsoil threeCL. a feet thick^ -and lying from the lower half of the three feet accu-M under the two feet of top accumulation. mulation show exclusively only rude pot-H I — . . . 1 • 1__..L In these pits are stone implements, such as tery and chiefly large vessels with none orj'l rude knives, spear and arrow points, per- scarcely any decoration, very rude, if any I ic-.; forators, scrapers, celts and such like ; at all. The majority of the pits of the up-! I , whole and broken chips and flakes of the per half of the three feet show a decidedly I various stones the implements are made different life, a finer, smaller implement of | 3 giout of. Fragments of earthen pots, beauti- jasper, chert and quartz, a thin, finely dec-! I I fully decorated by incised lines, fancifully orated pot of a small size, and the animal 1 [ T; arranged. All these are, however, straight, bones we find here are of smaller animals. 1 i and no curved lines are met with. Numer- The bones found in the lower pits are of [j iious small sheets of mica, charcoal, animal larger animals, such as deer, probably elkrfj '' v. bone, implements made of bone and numer¬ and bear, and bone of a large fish, ap- j ic ous rudely broken river pebbles. The parently the hide bone of the sturgeon. I hearths are composed of round stone, vary¬ The smaller _ animals that furnished the] . ing in size from two to four inches thick, bones in the’ upper pits are the beaver, S and are arranged in layers of two to four mink, turtle and fowl. The scientist recog- I -- . -• ■ • Tal promise lor the iut'iire to group renere*^*^^ iduct__ nnexceptionally___ to ly erih; niy oounii., in by strictly' adhering to them sp: the measures Of Congress.”-_ church until Though a farmer he was evidently a man graceful branchi ot unusual intelligence lor that period. they might dam; his retraction is couched in good style! HISTORY. and some pretty long words are used, The old church lias an interesting history. such as an illiterate man would not think! Some of the men who lie beneath the low ot writing. E. M. | mounds in the ancient burial ground could relate stirring events connected with the Date, ■.J'Vif-'K Chalfont. old grim milfneaf Challont forim ly owned by Franck* .J. Curley, Sr but recently sold to Thebdore Hermann, of Point Pleasant, was years ago known as the Fretz mill. It was built some time between 1770 and 1777, by a man named Nathan Mathews, who moved from Virginia to that place during tliel Revolution. It finally became the pos¬ session of the Fretz family about 1790, lohu Fretz purchasing it from John Thomas; • They held ownership tor over fj From, ...(S C^2y/rZ REV. THOMAS CHALKLEY DAVIS. founding of this church, were they alive to¬ day, events which happened more than a century and a quarter ago. The first Baptist meeting house in New Britain was built in 1744. It was known for many years by the name of the Society Meeting House, and the congregation was called the Society Party. The name is said to ha ve originated from a company of capi¬ talists called the Society of Free Traders, 1 ANOTHER OLpHDRCH formed among the moneyed men of London in 1682. They bought a tract of land con¬ taining 8300 acres, extending from the Bor¬ THE NEW BRITAIN BAPTIST ough of Doylestown as far west as the line CHURCH. between Bucks and Montgomery counties. The Meeting House occupied a central po¬ sition in the tract of land. ITS FOUNDING AND ITS WORK. HOW IT CAME TO BE FOUNDED. The New Britain Baptist Church was the offspring of the old Montgomery Church. The Origin of the Church Dates Back in the The suggestion that it be founded aroused Previous Century—A Long List of Pastors the indignation of the parent Church, The immediate cause of the separation was —The Present Pastor—His Able Assist¬ doctrinal division. But as early as 1730 the ants in the Work of the Church. Baptists in New Britain had become numer¬ ous. They then Held services at private houses, but attended church at Montgomery. In the southeast angle formed by the Up¬ The project to form a new church was hotly per State road and the thoroughfare leading opposed. The New Britain faction finally obtained an honorable dismission. to Iron Hill, in the picturesque little village The corporation was composed of 22 mem¬ of New Britain, stands an old Baptist bers, Isaac Evans, David Stephens, Evan church. It is built upon a small knoll slop¬ Stephens, John Williams, Walter Shewall, Joshua Jones, William George, Clement ing gently to the south, at the foot of which Doyle, William Dungan, John James, David is a large spring in whose clear, cold waters, Morgan, Thomas James, David Stephens, hundreds have been baptized. At the back Jr., Thomas Humphreys, Mary James, Mary of the church, and enjoying the same sunny Shewall, Mary James, Margaret Philips, exposure, is the old grave yard whose sod Elizabeth Stephens, Jane James Catharine was broken, says one of the lichen-covered Evans and Margaret Doyle. The Church stones, as early as 1748, in which year John derived its name from the township Riale was buried there. — - i. i.—Mrt— it was organized. OfF.’ THE ORIGINAL BUILDING. . ^be timbers and masonry of the old meet- Inotes and unclerlimngs involving years of [thoughtful research. He enjoyed work of preserved* * The*1*1®*-1®’ but str0I,8 “ml well ^served. The seating capacity is about (this, character while engaged in business pw. in too a it was re-roofed and painted -!u Fairhill in the Western part of the town¬ ' ship, and in which region Evan Griffith From, lived. Evan Griffith had probably been born about 1690, or perhaps a little earlier. In the adventure of his youth he had seen strange lands and tropical climes, but spent the remainder of a long life among his countrymen in Hilltown. He died in the winter of 1758,lull of years,andhav- | Date, t-'.iffijX.d.../.’ ' / jSffb.% wlfe « Na,hSaSS,iS“rSi: sg* by Thomas Good and George W 7 - younfresTsnn tS* SPeak ot H«well, the oldbu^r2l?m°^thehis2 kghedHeEliZabetb’ d-ghSTbanS6! with the dates 0? ^,^^ I thi^k’tha®C1-he iBritish bullets flew so tmck. thao his clothing was pierced in L . oneySrTsss^: concernpri i . long afterward^ wteu^omewhathdtf telling the following story. He said that u’E! “““ ; u4* Hfasked hffiKSK interment noted beintrV!tearlie-st jin 1748. Therl wlre^at fi0t/?huRiale iudiffnliut^outh f (!Jfatin"’ whereat the more interments in thi Lth,lrty*one a .a^na“t youth left ms presence torever ground previous fnQi«me ?.ld bur7‘Dg i^ad crossed m^o1118 'E n°.weU Griffith chart gives the following •°i7«hv^1 l,be iiau crossed the ocean to visit the land nf Dungan; 1767 pPfPT. Vi15'Martha jus father s nativity, and staid in Wales £yaps and J’olm Howard’- 177-’ TJame,s learned "of aW° ye?rs' Whilst therT he Mathews; 177s Sinrai, \r ’ Joseph learned ot a great estate that was to Walter She well’-ra Mathews; 1779, 2 when6i? »fflth family‘ ^erhis H82, John Mathews pi5bliam.s! taS m tbese moods he would tell of this great fortune in store for the posterity ot Evan Griffith. Long after ime; 1(89. John YramJ T ViiaQ v as- garet Williams^ I7(« r?’ dr;:11/91- Mar- Laptain Griffith and his strange® story John Evans Tnm In’ D,aniel Evans, l)r. anoutSbSnFVBtf."?*’ 18(0 and succeeding lfc 'Tas revyearsived, thereand Mathews ?17« JoKf v^f®8011 and Dinab J'amin HoUgh- ,7$ Tnbg 1.1795’ Ren- was a concerted effect madf to Iscertffin ^sq., and John Ja'mes-^A Dilngan’ (GreatBritamthreat Britain, e totCaS see® bitJ anvsendiu such" agents fortune to Margaret and Jemima’ w 8’ Martin, Dungan, Thomas Tn^iP\a7-S-aas’ George might be obtained. These effort h,™ proved fruitless up to date! LaVfl a sss&r *"*8fesss£ wK (Griffittl ieft descendants to unifOTmehflaSltted bis sword and the familiar[miliar are found 3 amJion7 n^ ?ames stii. otticer.officer wtWe have,h d Ttraceon asof anhis Americandaughter deceased whose Lt ™?- tbose of th( in the New Britain place is Margaret, who married Jacob Hendricks others are while |Tbe latter was of Hollander descent' m the tamilies who® stiH° J?e- found ! Jacob® HendSt?1S s?ttled in Towamencin.’ Bucks as their home Thomaswho married, Ho Clark, help Do’vle Cbllb’ Clymer, Dungan, Dnnlan ’ nb)ay’ -Ccnatdson, was a blacksmith living in th“vfcinS Erwin, Foulke Punk eT?“ison- Evans, iS-^itain, and was the father of the Gray, Gibson, Good rich Earges, Uann y of that name that long lived in Gearhart, Good Grow Griffith, Ganges, at ^wGafenand tW° of wbom “ow live. Iner, Godshaik ’T?JO'e> Graham, Gar- Holcomb, HoffnianrVeR’,nHwS,i ,Hines> Hohlbain, Hawkfn«’ Haideinan, 1 Hart, Hendrie H^r ’u R“kle- Hibbs, Hydie, Hayes Hir-t«f wHoVgh’ Heller, mg, HibbsflviS^ H-vinH°Tagl und’ Hard- d 'Johnston, Jones WiVk i/acoby’ James, >g Lunn, Lavman V.nv^tf t °n’ Eightcapjis Meredith, Myers PPtfv^N’ Mathews, bf Morris, Merrill^ Mmt ^be]J’ Miller, p Mastern, McEwe/ ^rfnE7, Me£argee, 1 nell, Magi l Murr' Mcbiener’ McCon- 1 gale, Xftste’rE o ty’ EehSyh NiShtiu- . NEW BRITAIN GRAVEYARD: Polk, Price, Parrv -A’ool A Chart of the Interment/for Nearly iso Years—The Old Family Names of Those Who There Laid Their Beloved Dead to Rest. Wiisou. Williams, W«S’yS^mso“- i M*. -— NEWTOWN FRIENDS’ MEETING HOUSE. ^ coif tinuecTsix mo n.tns l°nger,_ and that, in the Twelfth-month, 1815, apph-1 1 Endeavors have been made to find the cation was made to Wrightstown for liberty| . original subscription papers that were used to build a meeting house, but that liberty I for the purpose of raising funds tor tne was not granted The indulged meeting J erection of Friends’ Meeting House inl New- was continued in the Court House, and ap- town (a picture of which appears above, town P1"". ,.a hara heen unsuc Dlication was made for a Preparative mee - j-r i mg, which was granted by the Quarterly ufigmW SSff eTaSS'Ke I 'I MEdw£d Hicks’ Memoirs further informs lof Wrightstown Monthly us on page 70, that “Our opposers, though i I found that the first proposal for 'J fewTn number, tried to alarm the Quar- B jn2 a Friends’meeting m Newtown, to be torlv Meeting by stating that the Quarterly! I ^ .j nf Rome members belonging MeettafwoSd become responsible for any to^Wrightstown, Middletown and Falls expense that Friends of Newtown might! Monthly Meetings^ was made to that meet¬ hi pleased to go to if they granted them ing on Fourth of Eighth-month 1813.that permission to build.” Edward then said, J U tras laid over for one month, and then a “Friends of Newtown ask no pecuniary pnmmittee was appointed to take the sub- f. Jnnr of Bucks Quarterly Meeting, or any other meeting. We are willing and entire y able to build the house ourselves ; we only Th\d-moath, 1815 apptouoa was agam able to mu spirit m the bond of 0>cTockgfoTsix months, but nothing is said Tn the minutes about where the meeting was to be held, as there was no meeting OM house then built or being built. heard how some of maei5 Hutchinson On referring to page 70' of Memoirs J The late ex-Judge Michael grandfatber the Life and Religious Labors ot nfeks” we learn that this indulged meet-;- Jenks said that he quantity of apple was held in the old Court House, which I was rented for that purpose “o^hly - When report was made to the mommy ' meeting that the meeting was large^wa^ a».a«‘f u , but alew years before that tune, there were quite a number ing house, which stood until a few years jot distillers and retailers of spirituous ago, and did good service as a school. The iqnors longing to Bucks Quarterly: In [lot is now occupied by Dr. Heston as a 1807, thsr© W6T6 two distillers and seven¬ vegetable garden. teen retailers of spirituous liquors ; in 1808 After Makefield Monthly Meeting was set Ed]StiH^ and twenty-one retailers; in up the quotas of the Quarterly Meeting i 1899, four distilleries and seventeen retail-' were arranged, and Makefield was required ,ers, and one tavern keeper. But there was to raise 14 per cent, of all money raised in foin mPerance Committee appointed in [the quarter for yearly meeting or other 11810, and soon after that the Discipline was purposes, and at the last arrangement of the altered so as to prohibit distilling liquor out [quota they were, and now are, required to. of grain, although not out of fruit. raise 26 per cent. | From the best information now obtain- Newtown has always kept up its corner ; able, it would seem that the Meeting House Raised its full share of the $3000 for the was built about 1816 or ’17, as, in the Third- benefit of the colored people of North month, 1818, there was a committee ap~ ;Carolina, in 1827, and of the $7000 raised to pointed m the Preparative meeting to settle build Spruce Street Meeting House, in the treasurer’s account of building the Philadelphia, in 1832, although they only meeting house, but there is no report of i spent $4.25 for cushions for the seats in that committee until the Twelfth-month their own meeting house up to that time. 1818, when it is said there was a balance in They also raised their full share for thel ; the treasurer’s hands of $4.60, but no account 4»;>V *| meeting house at Fifteenth and Race streets.1 iof how much had been expended. On the In 1827 they were $100 in debt, and John 30th of Twelfth-month, 1817, Silas Cary Buckman, Jr. (the father of the presem James Worstall, John Buckman, Jr., Zephe- John), asked to be, and was, released as one iniah Mahan, Jacob Janney, Jesse Leedom [of the securities on the meeting’s obliga¬ and Joseph Briggs were appointed to take tion, he going with those Friends win a deed of trust for the meeting’s property called themselves “Orthodox.” ;and Joseph Briggs was appointed a care- t In 1857 they spent $486,171- in new fences ! taker of the meeting house for $30 per year at meeting house and grave yard, and in- Uni , salary was afterwards reduced to . eluding 170 yards of new rag carpet for $25, and then to $20 per year. In the Fifth-M [meeting house floor. This was the first !month, 1818, a committee was appointed to carpet used in any Friends’ meeting house build carriage sheds, which committee re¬ in Bucks Quarterly Meeting. Now all oft ported in the Third-month, 1819, that thef' *j them are carpeted. jsheds were completed, but there is no The first purchase of land for Newtown (memorandum of how much they cost. In Meeting was made First-month, 1817, of Sixth-month, 1819, it was agreed to make Dr. Phineas Jenks, and was for two acres application to the Quarterly Meeting to [and eighty-five perches, for $460, and it have a monthly meeting set up, to be com¬ was deeded to eight trustees. In 1826- posed of Newtown and Makefield Prepara¬ another lot of land was purchased, and the tive Meetings. This was finally consum¬ deed was placed on the back of the old mated in the summer of 1820, to be held alternately at Newtown and Makefield, as deed. In 1845 a new deed of trust was it now is. ’ ma.de to new trustees ; in 1868.a new deed When Newtown Preparative Meeting was to include all the meeting’s land was made set up there was a list sent from Middle- to eight new trustees—all men Friends ap- P. town to Wrightstown Monthly Meeting pointed ; in 1893 another new deed of trust ■ ’ containing the names of fifty-one men was made to eight new trustees, viz.: |women and children, members of Middle¬ Robert Kenderdine, Lavinia W. Blackfan town, living in the vicinity of Newtown William T. Wright, Elmira W. Twining’ ind when the monthly meeting was organ¬ Edward P. Hicks, Elizabeth M. Horne,’ ■■■ ized 196 names of members were set off Edward Palmer and Elizabeth G. Stapler. from Wrightstown, to belong to Makefield, In 1892, $160.88 was expended for 1 Monthly Meeting, but they did not all live new fence around the graveyard and (about Newtown ; quite a number of them other repairs; in 1863 the upper part of the graveyard was divided into 'Meet/ug11 J'°iDed t0 Makefield Preparative family lots. In Eleventh-month, 1868, a Pretty soon after the monthly meeting committee was appointed to build the - jwas set up friends began to want a school portico now in front of the meeting house, tor their children, and, as early as First- I and to lay a stone walk ; it cost, with other (month, 1822, an effort was made in that di¬ improvements, $304 in money, and there rection, but it was not then successful. If was a large amount of labor and hauling it had been a little earlier it is probable! contributed and not charged for. In 1874 J (jthatl' r lends would have availed themselves new roofs were put on the carriage sheds iof the legacy of $2000, left by the will of! and other repairs done at an expense of ■ bamuel Smith, in 1817, to establish a board¬ $416.13; in 1879 a new roof was put on the - ing school in Bucks Quarterly Meeting on meeting house, the old one having lasted condition that $2000 more should be raised about sixty years; in 1884 a new ingrain to put with it. carpet was put down at an expense of ,®ufc Newtown Friends, with the aid of; $115.84 ; in 1886 women Friends first joined (Others, did build what was called “The in settling the treasurer’s accounts ; in 1887 (Neighbors’ School,” and by some the “Yel- new stone flagging was placed in the portico • _School,” on the lot opposite the rm>Pi. at an expense of $83.55, and there was ,11, JTT-V-—-— .55^ spent for new cushions; in 1889 the ■■■■■■■■■I ' MUg "bouse was first painted on the inside at a Paxsou to speak to the Friends of tht ^ cost of $48.20 ; about 1890 a flag stone walk lower part of this meeting to do the like, was laid by voluntary subscription ; in 1893 and V;ra Croasdale to the widow Lang¬ new cushions were obtained and benches horne, and William Paxson and Sbadrack ■ painted at a cost $143.43 ; in 1894 there were Wally to do the like and desire all thatl ■ 171 members, and the meeting is now held i belong to this meeting that are willing t< subscribe and make payment to Thomas ■ ■ in joint session without the use of the par- Stackhouse as shortly as fan. \ titions, men and women sitting together, 96th monthly meeting.—11th mo. 5th, Jand the children from the George School 1692. This meeting finds it necessary fin I attend. seats to be made for the meeting house, i and doth order that a collection be made | to perform the same, and that a paper be {drawn and read at our Fir«t day meeting. From, Sfor a collection to be brought to our nextj monthly meeting. 118th monthly meeting. — loth mo. j 6th, 1694. The amount being brought . j in and viewed, belonging to this meet ; ing, and being lound pretty much | behind towards fixing up the meeting Date house with seats and other necessaries, this meeting doth order that a paper be! drawn to the First-day meeting for col-1 lection, and that Robert Heaton and; MIDDLETOWN MEETING. William Croasdale take care about thej same. . Extracts from the Old Books of Minutes— 156th monthly meeting.—12th mo. 2d, i 1697. , Committee appointed to have! i prepared For and Read at the Centen¬ shutters to the meeting house. nial Memorial Meeting, at Langhorne, 165th monthly meeting.—9th ino. 3d, ; 1698. It is agreed by this meeting that Eleventh-Month 14th, 1893, by John' each window below iu the meeting house j I shall have one light of glass, and sit utters Wildman. of boards to coyer the glass, and the rest (of the windows and the windows above The monthly meetings of this locality (the gallery to be all glassed. were held in private houses until 4th 169th monthly meeting.—2d mo. 6th, 'mo. 7th, 1683, when they were held in the 1699. Committee appointed to get the burying ground grubbed and fenced ’meetinghouse at Neshaminy, that being lagainst next meeting. (The committee the forty-first monthly meeting. There reported two months later that the work I is nothing on the records iu reference tc 1 was done.) End first book. ' the building of said house. SEC'OXP BOOK—TfHRTY YEAJRS. doth monthly meeting.—1th mo. 5th, i 12ih-mo. 5th, 1718. Whereas, The .?necessity of a new meeting house at' bis 1690. A committee was appointed to place has been under consideration loi view and report a place for a burying some time past, and a subscription being place and let it out to workmen to fence, for that use it is now agreed that a meet¬ ing house be built,the dimensions whereof | ; between this and next monthly meeting. ■ is to be 40 feet long by 30 feet wide, and | 69th monthly meeting.—Sth mo. 2d, William Paxson, Adam liarker and ’1690. At our said meeting, James and John Stackhouse be appointed to agree ; William Paxson hath signified that they with workmen and that they shall ad¬ ’ have bargained with Thomas .Stackhouse vise with Jeremiah Langliorne, and de¬ v to build a stable at the meeting house for sire his assistance, and order the stuff the Friends thA come to meeting and the , first seasou. > said house is to be 36 feet long and IS feet 11th mo. 4th, 1721, The friends ap¬ ^ wide and 6 feet to the square, the sides to pointed for the buildiDg of the meeting® | be made of sawed logs, and the roof well house do request that their accounts wj shingled, with two doors into it. The be inspected. The meeting appoints® work being well done, he is to have T10 'Thomas Thwait, John Wildman, Jeremi¬ lor doing it. Also the meeting doth ah Croasdale, Mathew Wildman and ; ; desire tile friends to subscribe what they jCuthburt Hay hurst to inspect the same) | jean freely and willingly give towards and report to next meeting. | said house. 12th mo. 1st, 1721. The Friends appoint- K 71st monthly meeting.—10th mo. 4th, led to inspect the accuunls oi the niana-I ;.'Jl690. The meeting doth order tnai gers of the building of the meeting house,!-., Thomas Stackhouse finish liis accounts report that they they did it, and find that, : that it may appear what he hath received if all the subscriptions be got that is sub¬ Jin pay for "building the meeting house; scribed there will be wanted about JilO EEri also who hath paid and who hath not. or upwards. , . .. ., 72d monthly .meeting.—11th mo. 7th, 10th mo. 6th, 1733. At this meeting it :!l690. Thomas Stackhouse hath brought hath been under consideration, and it| - | jin his account this day and it doth doth appear that there is a necessity oi ai appear that he hath received £26 19s 5d new tence about the graveyard belong-' I in payment for building the meeting iug to this place, and it is being proposed} j house, and it doth appear that he has that it be done with stone. Thereuntofc Bdone thirteen days more work about me Thomas Baynes, Adam Harker, David' Jgmeeting house, Wilson, Joseph Wi dman, John stack- 85thwt/tu uiv/utuijmonthly meeting.—11thluc -iiui mo.jaivj. 7tli,I iinnaa oiirl .TosodIi Richardson aio ',11691. This meeting appoints X. Wain speak to Friends on me other side of the creek, that they contribute what theii freedom is towards the stable; and James | meeting. . yr-gp*--* ,, .- •••■; ... i . l/33. TtfeFrienSsappomted -land lind that the work is chiefly done hath made tlieir report, ooncwninsf the and paid lor, and that there Is one Friend Igraveyard, and to signiliy, that accord- I neglects t> pay his subscription, which is |rig to their judgment, the ehargeofwall- I ciiifi• y duo to Robert Collisou for money »* ,^StH£?e,1?vlll.a“0,,“t.to upwards of he /,as advanced to pay workmen. <0. Therefore in order that the money bin mo. 0th, 1763. It appearing neces lay be raised two subscription papers, j sary that more stable room bo prepared u-e proir '■ >, and tor the ensuing month Jbetore the ensuing winter, it is agreed lEichard Sands and Joseph Richardson E^hat one be built uoon the graveyard Sare to take care that Friends and such as wh o AUt 60 °r 70 feet lou£ b-v 18*feet Jaie tree, may have an opportunity to ivude. A committee was appointed to (Subsciibe what they arc t ree for the pur¬ Imake an estimate of the cost, provide pose. 1 ;matenal, superintend work,and lay their 12th uiOrtl"', 17.t:. i’he several subscrip- account before the meeting wheudone |tion papers concerning the graveyard ,and endeavor that it may be finished if j being produced, it appears iikely by » before the Quarterly Meeting in tuein that a sullichcnt sum of money will be raised lor the wall, at least on 3 A *"teoription sides thereof, therefore in order to pro-1 : 10tb month Sth, 1767. The Friends an. eeed therewith, John Stackhouse, John , pointed to adjust the accounts relating to , Wildman, Jonathan Woolston, Richard the new stable, report that they have per- bands Joseph Walker, Jeremiah Croas- | formed that service and find a balance hile, Joseph Richardson are appointed ;due from the meeting of Til jfe. §d to meet and agree with as they think ■ i penny. A committee was appointed to' proper workmen to undertake and per¬ prepare a subscription paper, in order to fect the said work, and when completed *■ laisetne money and discharge the debt report their proceedings to the monthly as soon as may be. * aeDt | meeting. 7th month 4th, 1785. It being proposed 1st mo. 3d, l.*37. More stable room re¬ that it may be of advantage to build a quired, a committee was appointed for house on the lot ot ground lately pur nixing a place, etc., and also to prepared in^Se^k‘I1th6weetiD8:’ which matter*be- 9a.ua bring to next meeting, a subscription' . 1lng lia]len mto consideration, it is i|paper lor the purpose. built’tbe,dimensions 5th me, 7th, 1738. A new stable ordered to be 18x30 teet, two-stones higfi, with I built. cedar under the whole. A committee 12th mo. 1st, 173s. Ordered that no was appointed to build a house of the •inegroes be buried in our graveyards. End above description, soon as they con¬ i.second booa.. veniently can, the cost of which to be THIRD HOOK. paia by public subscription, about T180 of which is already su bscribed. . 3d mo. 6th, 1700. There being a necess¬ ity of making some addition to our meet¬ 4ih month 5th, 17S7. A committee was ing house, to render it more commodious ingPcommitteSe?tUe accounts of build'- for the accommodation of our quarterly | and general meetings when held here, tw 17®' ,A minute states ■the meeting orders that the thing may tnat Mary Collins, by her will, left Tin : gone into, and completed this ensuing nan ot1 Fhall£ries upstairs in the women’s season; appointed a committee to consid¬ part of the house, and that her will has er on the most convenient place and the |SepS„SplM wl,h “d •*» dimensions oi the building proposed, and impute the cost and report to next ! 9th month 6th, 17&S. Was produced » | from the Quarterly Meeting a copy of nee ting. 4 th n •. 3d, 1700. The committee ap- l a minute respecting the enlargement of „ Muted to consider the necessary addi¬ „ meet-mg' house, which appears in- tion to the meeting house, and compute > | sufficient to accommodate the Quarterly r he cost, report they have met and con¬ :lherel°™ the meeting a? sidered the same, and find it may be jpomted a large committee to meet and Lone at the backside for about £80 or lSdenrfan?°avenient pIan’ make calcu- Fiomething less, but if at the end it will |nex°tnmeetffig.eXPer,Se End rep0rt t0 tbe _ attended with more cost and they! Think not so convenient, but as j I2th mo 4th, 178S. The committee in Jl'ndnds are something divided in their | the case of enlarging our meeting bouse sntiuiems respecting the place, it is I leports that they have met and had the l>(erred to the same committee and as I busines under consideration, and are 28DfeeV1?,0,iSly opiuion that an addition jinany other friends as will attend, meet 7° V*-t n-‘length, and of the same width and resolve more tully on the matter, ot the old house may be sufficient to ac¬ land try in which place !• riendsin general commodate our meetings. J be further will most incline to, and report tbereon consideration of said business is recoin- to next meeting, and in the meantime menued to our preparative meeting in Jprocure the timber to be cut before the Older that subscrintions may beemered j season is over. 5th mo. 1st, 1700. The committee an- carryit on purpose ot raising money to Ipointed to consider the addition to the As the subscriptions ■■ meeting house, report they are of the tor en.aiging our uieetiug house, as,reu- f l^!ndjthfu 1.t 1)e most convenient and ummenaed m the 12th mo. 17SS, not ap-, 1 amended w th least cost on the backside Peering si.ilvieut, this meeting after of the present building, -with this the conference thereon, being generally of meeting concurring, orders that it be opinion that a new meeting House would there erected, and a committee of mana¬ beat accommodate our meetings, agreed gers thereof, and a committee to prepare Vi- app°mt Isaac Watson, Jonathan ■ subscription papers tor that purpose ® S Jeremiah Croasdale, Samuel 'th, J*10- lst-' 1763- Two years after. The Mitchell, William Bidgood, William H,riends appointed to examine respecting Blaxey, .Joseph Paxsou, James Wildman, the new audition to the meeting house "r-> Benjamin Buckman, Isaac Stack- irepori: hat they have ipspected the same house, John Watson, Joshua Woolston, 34 o6 Betts to make calculation of ■ „xpense and report to next meeting. .-—• , »vwiu buo u mo. 14th, /th mo. 5th, 1702. The committee ap¬ 1793, just 100 years ago this day. pointed to consider of apian fora new * 5th mo. 4th, 1797. The committees ap- meeting house in Middletown, propose ipointed to settle the treasurer’s account for* the house to be 72 feet long, 36 feetl ’relative to the building the meeting wide, the well hole to bo 12 feet, the gird-! Chouse, report that the treasurer has dis- I er the whole length, the lower story to be i Sbursed all the money that came into his 7i feet high and the expense supposed to i hands. The committee is continued to be £750, which is generally agreed to, and ''settle the accounts of the managers in this meeting appoints Joshua Woolston,! ; |building the meeting house and respect¬ James Wildman, Jr., Thomas Wilson, j ing the balance which appeared to be due Joseph Paxson, Isaac Stackhouse and the meeting. William Bidgood to endeavor to get sub¬ 6th mo. 8th, 1797. The committee to scriptions to carry it on. >1 settle the managers’ accounts is con¬ 8th mo. 7th, 1702. The Friends appoint¬ tinued. ed to raise subscriptions for the purpose of building a meeting house, report, that I there is nearly the money subscribed for that was proposed by the committee, and , l as there is encouragement, they are con¬ tinued, and desire to receive the first part, and pay into the hands of Johnj ,. Watson, who is appointed treasurer tor- said building. Request being made to this meeting, for the building of a new school houseon Date, the meeting’s land, and no objections appearing, it is (lirected to the attention of the school committee. 9th mo. 6th, 1792. The Friends appoint¬ A LOST CHURCH. ed to raise subscriptions for the building ot the meeting house, report, they have made some further progress therein, they are therelore continued to that service. THE OLD R0CKHILL BAPTIST Benjamin Buckman,Jonathan Woolston, Isaac Stackhouse and William Bidgood, CHURCH. are appointed to provide materials tor the purpose for the carrying on the building. Nought Nov/ Remains of the branch of 10th mo. 4th, 1792. The Friends appoint¬ ed to provide materials tor the building the New Britain Baptist Church But a meeting house, report, as yet they have the Graveyard in Haycock and the Sup¬ not made any provisions. Therelore this meeting appoints Samuel Mitchell, posed Foundation Site of the Meeting- Jonathan Stackhouse, Jeremiah Croas- dale and John Watson to join said com¬ House of Other Days—Its Very Exist¬ mittee for providing material and super¬ ence Forgotten by Members of the; intending the work. 2d mo. 7th, 1793. The committee to Church of To-Day. procure material for the meeting house and Superintend the building, are ot zsm opinion that an alteration from the plan The story seems strange now, but in minuted is necessary, and this meeting the last century a branch of the New taking it under consideration, do again leave with the committee, in conjunction Britain Baptist Church existed iu Hay¬ with the committee who formed the first cock. There were Baptists in that region plan, to make what alterations they may then where there are none now, and they think necessary. had a meeting house and graveyard. 5th mo. 9th, 1793. As it is expected that Middletown meeting house trill be ren¬ Within this house of worship services dered unfit for holding meetings, it is (were held with more or less regularity, concluded that our monthly meetings be but the members belonged to New held .at Bristol until the monthly meet¬ ing shall think fit to alter. Britain. To the latter place they came 11th mo. 7th, 1793. This meeting being on communion occasions. Long ago the informed that a new school house hath .. iV-i old church fell to decay and ruin, be¬ been erected in Middletown, on the meet¬ cause there were none to worship there, ing’s land, and as there is not subscrip¬ and it is now only a reminiscence ot toi- tions sufficient to discharge and finish .. * - the same, the meeting is requested to mer times. Its very existence was tor- take it under their notice, and after con¬ gotten by most of the members ot New j sideration the meeting concludes to take it under their care, and refers the further Britain church of to-day, until the sub-, consideration to next meeting. ject was lately brought to mind. Nought As it appears that Middletown meeting remains now hut the graveyard auu the house is nearly fit to accommodate our supposed foundation site oi the meeting¬ meeting, it is concluded that the monthly house of other days. meeting be held at Middletown in the About 1770 Rev. Morgan LdwaiUs, a future. Welsh traveler and divine, was commis¬ 12th mo. 5th, 1793. Monthly meeting sioned to visit and report tiie coiidumn! held at Middletown. The Friends ap¬ of the Baptist churches ot Ainexicj.. lit pointed to attend the marriage of James came to this country, saw eteiy cl.u cl. Wildman and Rachel Myers, report that in the various Provinces, and v rote h . it was accomplished on the litli of last report. It was published m a^ huh volume, now quite rate. Hi J 135 quaint and old-fashioned, but quite clear, and exact in its description of details. I He vvaS an curly settler o this region Concerning New Britain in 1770 and its jciiicl the ancestor oi* tlie ikiu wliick in Rockhili branch we transcribe a portion lecent times lived iu Do\ :o\vn. o V of his account. ( this family the late General ik Bryan was a distinguish^ NEW BRITAIN CHURCH IN 1770. Rive. William Bryan “This is the ninth church in the Prov¬ li ved both in Haycock and Springfield ince of Pennsylvania, with respect to !1111 ‘ G his name appears among those seniority. It is commonly distinguished petitioned for the formation of a town by the above name of the township where tillw^ch prayer was not granted ^the meeting is, in the county of Bucks, [till 1763. He afterwards obtained -l about twenty-five miles north by west patent lor I.jO acres in Springfield in 1750 from Philadelphia. Thehouseis of stone, lying along the road Rom Quakertovvn 40teet by 30, erected in 1744 on a lot ol two acres, partly the gift of Judge brow- C°ook'Wn?Wn’ Dear the den, and partly the purchase of the con¬ In April, 1750, Silas McCarty died Tn gregation, whereon are stables, a school acres11*1, thal J’°ar, lie conveyed 100 house and a fine grove. It is a rising acits m his son, Silas, “adjoining mv ground, formed into an angle by the homestead,” and “to the congregation oi crossing of two high roads. The house Baptists one acre of land lying on the is accommodated with seats, galleries cast side ot my tract, whereo’n a iheetine and a stove. The church exists in two house now stands, lor which my emu branches; the one near the meeting tois shall make a firm deed and title (house; the other on the border of the Gienrequested )jy said congregation ” Great Swamp, 14 miles off, where also is Ifieo her son, Carrell McCarty, got his a meeting house, commonly known by lather’s homestead. This shows that the the name of Rockhilj. All assemble at meeting house was built before 1750 New Britain on the first Sunday to cele¬ Robert Ihompkins and Carrell McCarty brate the Lord's Supper. There are some were the executors. Tn 1759 this son temporalities belonging to the church Carrell McCarty, made the Baptists their also. 1st, Thirty pounds, the gift oi ■ drui deed an |THE OLD SEA.BRING GRAVEYARD A Correspondent Tells Bow it has been Desecrated, A BEAUTIFUL VILLAGE OX THE OLD BETHLEHEM ROAD. On the old road a half mile East of Car- versvilie on the land taken up by the A Descriptive and Historical Sketch ] Seafaring family, a half acre was given of the Pretty Hamlet, Written and | by John Seabring for a burial ground Read by District Attorney Paul H. | His own family and many others were Applobach Before the Buckwam- i the1'ttLta!r and hauled to the charcoal pit. One ex¬ •--.Tvt: Souls, Written by Charles R. Ian- pert burner and one helper were assigned | to each pit. Generally five and six pits hack, of Durham, and Read Before were coaling at the same time, each re¬ the Buckwampun Literary Asso¬ quiring 7 or 8 days to coal. The colliers ciation June 9, 1894. during 1779-80 were James Paul, John Jackson, Jacob Snyder and Jacob Rod One hundred and fourteen years ago, man, experts, and Mathias Wagner, Ja¬ cob Overpeck, George Garty and Captain when the country was convulsed in the Shupe, helpers. Three cords of w throes of bloody war with the British made one load of good charcoal. hirelings, when blatant Tories threat¬ After the pits had cooled they wer ened and traitors planned to over-throw opened and the coals were transported wagons to the furnace. Jonathan Dill the thirteen Colonies, a small handful of hauled the first load of charcoal to t devoted men, under the management of 1727 furnace. The teamsters employ Richard Backhouse, In Durham, Bucks ' in 1779-80-82, many of the descendants county, Pa., were busy night and day whom are present to-day, were Teet battling with nature for supremacy, and Heller, Michael Crouse, Frederick La at the same time furnishing necessary bach, Conrad Laubaeh, Milton Fabla; supplies, men and money In aiding their l George Rlegel, Philip Easton, Niehol brethern in the Continental Army free- > Buck and Ludwig Applebach. ing the United American Colonies from We next have an industrious band of British oppression. workers employed in felling, splitting and In the Fall of 1779 Richard Backhouse, * cording wood to be burned into charcoal. for many years a Justice of the Peace, The following Is a list of these illy-paid, and chairman of the Committee of Public self-sacrificing men, before whose vigor¬ Safety of Bucks county, became pro¬ ous and measured strokes the giant prietor of the Durham Iron Works, in¬ forests fell and the beautiful yales sprang cluding the three Durham forges and to view in all their regal glory. the Chelsea and Greenwich in New Jersey. ’ Wood choppers, 1779—’80—’81: James George Taylor, the signer and former McFall, Andrew Patterson, James Mc- proprietor, moved to Easton, but held Entee, Dan Applebach, Robert Maxwell, control of the Greenwich forge until ] Thos. Williams, Robert Welsh, Henrv Snyder, Joseph Miller and Conrad Deai. old hotel, where Reed baubeusteiu dis¬ The following coaled on their own land penses hospitality with the grace and M Joseph Fry, Jacob Protzman, Michael open-handed generosity of the landlord Eackenthall, George Laubach, Henry of ye olden times, were numerous car¬ Fackenthall and George Overpeck. riages and his porticos and parlors were Michael Laubach had charge of the race, thronged by those who had come long dam and water wheel. distances to join in Buckwampun’s gala- We cannot close this paper without giv¬ day. The hospitable private citizens of '.’I ing a brief sketch of haymakers and har¬ Applebachsville also opened wide their vesters of 114 years ago, employed by doors to outertain their friends. Richard Backhouse. After a dinner of such good things as l Women of that day did not shirk any only Mine Host Laubenstein can pre¬ of the duties that fell to their lot, nor do pare, the people sauntered out to the they to-day—but they stand to-day as grove, where a stand and seats had been then in the vanguard of progress, striv¬ improvised for the occasion. The stand ing to raise the standard of humanity. had almost been buried in bunting, Hags Haymakers of 1780: Mowers and pitch¬ and llowers. The opportunity for the ers—Peter Marks, Henry Wagner, James ladies to display their decorative taste Rose, Joseph Douglas, Robert Smith, was not lost. In front of the stand George Eddinger, Peter Knecht and was the banner of the Society, inscribed Thomas Wiidonger. Haymakers and “ Buckwampun Literary Association, rakers—Hyman’s wife, Lizey Facken¬ 1888.” thall, Jones’ wife, Eve Young, Polly Grove, Polly Houpt, Mary Waggner, PRESIDENT HINDENACH’S ADDRESS. Polly Cole, Mary Barnet and Anna Fry. When Hon. 0. E. Hindenach, President The buckwheat cradlers were George of the Society, arose to welcome thej Shill, Conrad Keyser and Andrew Little. friends and members of the Society, he| faced an audience of several hundred la-, telligent, earnest and orderly people. President Hindenach said: From, a c “ It is with no small degree of pleasure and satisfaction, that I rise to open the exercises of the Buckwampun Literary j and Historical Society and bid you wel¬ come to this its seventh annual meeting,; for surrounding me on all sides I notice J the familiar countenances of those who have enlisted in a common cause, as well! as the many friends of the Society, of this and other communities, who are here, as I! take it, to manifest their appreciation off the modest efforts that are thus being put* BUCKWAMPUN’S forth to reclaim from oblivion such local historical knowledge, as well as to a lish such scientific facts, as will become! GALA-DAY. Invaluable to succeeding generatKlns of[ every community as the years u A FEAST OF LITERATURE AND “ Professor Tyndall, in'tracing the his¬ HISTORY. tory of a drop of water, remresonts it as ; being lifted up from the/Seean by the heat of the sun's rays a/d wafted over The Society’s Annual Meeting at the continents by every breeze, to be! again returned to the bosom of-the sea. Applebaclisvllle on Saturday- So It seems to me that after the lapse of Fresldent Hlndenaeb’s Address ■ another year the members of this Society have likewise returned, having laid aside Papers Read by Various Members their various avocations of life for a day of tbe Association. and are mot in this delightful grove, Nature’s temple, to review the associa¬ The celebrated Buckwampun Literary tions of literary, scientific and historic! Society held its meeting for 1894 in a charming grove on the outskirts of Ap- “ We recognize the fact that we are liv¬ > plebachsville last Saturday. This Society ing in an age of organization, and ini meets but once a year, and its sessions order to attain the best* possible results.| are quite a social and literary factor in it becomes absolutely essential that we j the upper end of the county. Besides, bring into requisition this, one of the ( this organization is doing an invaluable most potent agencies of .the evening of j work in the field of history, the ellorts of the nineteenth century. | \ its members being mainly directed “ As all nations and peoples have to towards historical research. Much valu¬ contribute their quota to the national able matter that would be otherwise lost literature and history of their respective is thus preserved to amuse, interest or countries and ages, so the fie; j Instruct future generations. The meet- decade, in each individual community, I ings are held in various localities and the | cannot leave the busy scenes of life with¬ papers are mostly prepared with special out bequeathing to posterity at least ' reference to the particular spot in which some history and literature. i the session convenes. “ The object of history, leaving out of j After three weeks of cloud and storm, view its philosophical side, w the presei- Saturday afternoon’s bright skies and vation and exposition of facts. I h balmy June breezes were very gratefully f 4 chief object of the Societyisto.col-ect, accepted as a Providential omen of favor and arrange such lactB. relate sue to Buckwampun’s annual literary feast. incidents, ;prodi?ce such data as wm Long before the hour for the exercises to lead to a complete and 0°nnected rev le commence, the well-shaded streets of of the past history of eve y locah y the little village were enlivened by the within the eon tines of the presence of many strangers. About the on. A njlherto .corapnratively neg¬ mente. Even the heavens seem to smile lected field spreads out before' tfre eye "of Ion our undertaking, and eartl't'and shy the scientist, Inviting investigation, to have conspired with man to make this I determine what kind of a record geology occasion auspicious and memorable can give us respecting life and the vari¬ i among the events of the community. ous changes through which Mother Earth | “ Every individual will depart, I am sure, has passed, in every community during entertaining a keener sense of kinduess the eyples that are numbered. land hospitality of the good people of’ “ Minutely and unmistakably has she Appjebachsville and surrounding com¬ preserved her' record on the successive munity, aa.d with profounder apprecia¬ formation of the different kinds of rocks tion of the work of Urn Society.’ and through the various1 fossilk imbedded THE LITEEAEY EXEECISES. in thpm, as wpfj as through the drift, de¬ posited ages ago, during the glacial With the limited space at command, the period:, but alas, I our untrained senses I Democeat is compelled to resist the have hfHfeptbhijth’efto failed, in' part, id peal'd 'it temptation of lengthy comment upon the aright- 0ur mjssfon fs ip" feafn fiow to several excellent papers read before the read it. Society. Borne of the more important “ A gentiouiftfl relates that in his yoqth will be puWdhea in foil from time to time Ihe walked a digtauce of geyen hundred .. in this paper. At the conclusion of hfs i miles to see the Falla of Niagara, When J address President Hindehaeii introduced .yj within seven miles of the spot, he thought \ Misg Applebhcfa, sister of District i »|h9 heard what might be the thunder of Attorney Apprebaol}, wfjq read “ Hay¬ Wthe great cataract, and inquired of a man cock’s Greeting, a rhythe'couched in 'near fiy yvUie.ifcer it sysg so. The man re- * terms of sincere cordiality. ' r Jk. ■ p}ie& pp[it ft'might fie, >10 canid nptsay;; Applause greeted Historian William J. he had neyer open tfapre. Here was a man |: Buck, who w^s presented tothe audience! . who had Uvea ail 'his' d$y§>'Fitfjin sSten as “ the ‘ founder of the Buckwatfcpuni'. ini leg of a wonder of ttiS wood, s,e,e| Literary Society.” 'Mr. Buck,'who hhspl which men have come from the utter- i many times highly compii- A most parts of the earth, and yet his curi¬ raented for his indefatigyable hisforiaitjj osity had never been sufficiently aroused [j. research, presented an exhaustive'hketeh to induce trim to make a short Pilgrim age of “ The Affierbaoh Family,” op Applep.q,tch m family, both surnames being used by”i of seven miles tq fie afforded an oppqr-' this family. He traced the famiiy’g in¬ tunity id look upon this stupendous if spectacle. Whaf a Jack ( of curiosity ! i? teresting history in this country from I IWhat culpable indifference, you say, But I the 'iriLVsl o£ pfie ancestor, Johan Heinrich j gyupon reflecting, we may possibly be led UMIler&§0fi,on Qetqpev 29,mo, down to, B to admit, that we, ourselves, are guilty of !tbe time, iTw*''«feefofl4snt§ ofi- a somewhat similar charge. Henry have beeii r*ry numerous in this gj > liow .eager some of us are to travel jeounty, numbering among men of, away front' hohfe fn g*#yoh pf striking! prominence in public and private life. H natural scenery, tp feast out eyeff on the '! Mr. Buck well said: “The family has grand, the picturesque, and the sublime, £ i been noted for Us industry and honesty, when in. our very midst, right here in I.. and not one, so far as I know, bearing! northeastern Bucks county, are the mag-Ip the surname has figured in the criminal I nificent Pennsylvania palisades, the ro-| records of this county, though here now| mantic Kinging Books, the bleak and a century and a quarter.” desolate Mtony Garden, aye, the tower¬ A sketch of Springfield Church wasE ing Haycock Mountain, loorqtng up so read by its Lutheran pastor, the Rev. O. grandly In th,e distance, which, taken U. Melchor. This was exceedingly inter¬ collectively, wi|! form a panorama of such esting, the church being one of the oldest; striking natural scenery as surely ought In the upper end of the county. The first to please tho most enthusiastic admirer of nature. church antedates 1743. Mr. Melchor ex¬ hibited a bottle 150 years old. closely re¬ With what eagerness the student of sembling the modern pocket flask, taken history devours volume after volume of from the cornerstone of the first church, history of foreign nations and people, and now in the possession of Mrs. Silas while in his own locality there may have r Apple; one of the original building’s been enacted local historical events more bricks, about a foot square and an inch fascinating to contemplate than the tales: and a half thick, owned by Mrs. Geissing- of the Arabian Nights, and of more direct er; the. weather-cock which ornamented interest to him than foreign or general the church in 1763, and manuscript music history possibly can be; and yet. in how and hymn books used in the ancient edi¬ many instances it has'been suffered to fice. The first Reformed pastor (1743) was sink into oblivion. the Rev. J. C. Werts; the present pastor is *• The society Is fo be congratulated on the Rev. A. P. Horn, who was installed the wisdom displayed in selecting ffe May 1,1892. The first Lutheran pastor place of meeting on this occasion, for (1743) was the Rev. Mr. Hinderline, and surely no more appropriate locality the present Lutheran incumbent is the could have been chosen. To the lover of Rev. 0. H. Heiehor, who will celebrate his nature it presents a pleasing and pictur- ' fifteenth anniversary as pastor of the esque perspective, to the student ofiocal church on July 1 next. The Reformed history it offers afield In which he can 'congregation numbers 237 members; the revel to his heart’s content—while in the Lutheran, 402. The two congregations development of mind, this community! have always worshipped in perfect har¬ has produced a galaxy of men and women mony. Thomas H. Ochs has been organ- ^ that have gone out into the various de¬ ist there for the past twenty-six years. partments of the world’s industry and District Attorney Paul H. Applebach, activity, of which any community might well feel proud. of Doylestown, was next introduced as “Haycock’s favorite son.” He was ‘I cannot suffer this opportune oceas- warmly applauded and read an interest¬ Ision to pass without an expression of my ing sketch of his native village, which ap¬ gratification at the unique completeness pears in another column. ] of the work of trie .Committee of Arran . The next three papers were “Cress-; newspapers, for inspection, all older than man’s Mill,” a sketch of one of the his¬ the average man lives to be. The most toric mills of the county, by Miss Anna; aged of these purveyors of the news is a M. Kauffman; “ Trees and Tree Planting,”! copy of the Correspondent and Farmers' containing valuable information on this Advertiser (ancestor of the Bucks County subject, entertainingly presented by Intelligencer), of December 29,1818, pub¬ Cashier A. B. Haring, of the Frenehtown, lished by Asher Miner, its founder. The N. J., National Bank, and “Cawley’s other three are copies of the Doylestoum ■ Mill,” a description of a famous mill near Democrat, of the respective dates of Feb-1 Lower Saucon, Northampton county, ruary 9,1830, October 9,1832, and April 6,| 1S3G; the first published by M.H. Snyder, erected on or near the site of an old powder mill which was blown up about the second by William H. Powell, brother- in-law of the late Dr. George T. Harvey, 1814. Under the title “ Seventy Years Ago,” and the third by John B. Bryan. These papers are yellow’ with age, andi Spencer L. Hudnut, of Durham, who was present what might be called a sorry1 born June 17,1817, in Princeton, N. J., «a.vo un interesting description of life in | appearance, compared to newspapers of New York and Princeton when he was a the present day- On the Democrat ofh boy. E. A. Frankenlield, of Haycock 183G fs the name of the subscriber, “G.l Kun, who was on tho programme for a ’ Cornell,” a resident of Northampton; “Sketch of Wilson Dennis,” was pre¬ township, near Churchvllle, grandfather f vented from being present by sickness. of Mrs. Haldeman. He was of the same' A sketch of the Durham Iron Works In family of that name still prominent in. 1779-80. written by Charles Laubach, wasj that section of the county that descend/, from Holland ancestors. The Corres- read by his niece, Miss Laubach. It will pqijdenf bears the name of “B. Vanhorn,” appear in full iu the Democrat. The a Resident of Southampton. paper is one of a series Mr. Laubach is preparing on the works, covering their In opening these papers of ye olden history from their foundation to the t(me, the contents are found to be as dif-1. present. ferent as their-sljse and appearance. Be-f Lewis Sigafoos, who is the leading poet sides two deaths and one marriage—that i of upper Bucks and who has written of John Marcellius, of Solebury, to Sarah[ some really good verses, read an original McNesl, of Buckingham, by Jostah Y.l poem, entitled “ The Editor’s Muse.” The Staaw, Esq., and a lime burners’ meeting; last paper, a “ Sketch of Tohickon to take place, the Correspondent has but a Church,” was read by Asa Frankenlield. single item of local news; the announce-1 The first church edifice, Mr. Frankenlield ment that “ John Rlale, New Britain, has i said, is supposed to have been erected received from Governor Findlay, a Ju3-> about 1743. It was log, without a lloor or; tices’ commission in the room of Thomas stove. In this the congregation wor-l Stewart, Esq., elected a member of the shipped until 17GG, when a stone church House of Representative of this Corn-? was built. This also had neither floor mon wealth;” At that time George Bur¬ 1 nor stoves for many years. The present ges was Sheriff; Isaac pitcher was Adju-; building was erected in 1838 and re¬ tapt ofthe £2d'regjipent bf gjllltja, whose j modeled In 1834. head quartets vyere at Bristol, and “ the. The Quakertown Orchestra furnished DoylSstown Coachee” was run twice a; music during the exercises. The Rev. . week petweep the pounty!s capital and- Mr. Phillips, of Durham, extended an in¬ Philadelphia, leaving D- on Monday’s vitation to the Society to hold their meet¬ and Thursdays, at § o'clock- ing next year at that place. The invita-t i The three Democrats ore on a par with; tion was unanimously accepted and the tho Correspondent in appearance, etc.L meeting then adjourned. It was one of; The only local news in that of 1830 is the? announcement of the new Row offices; the most pleasant sessions ever held byJ the Society. Jfi j list appointed by Governor Wolf, viz Wjillam Purdy, Brothonotary, Clerk off Session's him Oyer an$ 'J’ermlner; William,, Carr, Qrphaps’ Court’;' ‘Andrew Heller,! Register, and Mlci'.pei Lech, Recorder. In Doylestown, Joseph Scott was a[ " painter and paper-hanger,” and Na¬ thaniel Hubbard, “house and signt painter "r‘fl uhair maker.” From the I Democrat of 1832, we thttt BeDja-j cHa Morris, Jr., was Sheriff (the samel who hanged M»na, the poisoner of Dr.f Chapman, in June of that ‘year/, whose daughter, a beautiful woman, was the first- wife of the late Dr. Harvey; Samuel Aaron and Robert P. DuBois had charge AULD LANG SYNE, of the Union Academy, which was torn clown rffore than pa|f a century later to make room for the hariflsome school, LEAVES FROM ’fflE .JOURNALISM building that adorns the grounds; James j, OF THE PAST Gaine was Postmaster at Penusvllle, Cyrus Hartley at Lumberville, and| Recollect lops of llio Long Ago Jacob C. Nyce at Line Lexington. In this paper there Is not a line of local; Awakened by the Perusal ot Four news, outside of advertisements, If we I* except thp six marrtages. I1 was pub-S Old Newspapers.— Afatters of Inter¬ lished on election day, hut too early forf est Found Within Their Afmsty the receipt of any returns, but the Demo-. Pages. eratie ticket was elected, Including W11- ; liarn T. Rogers to the Senate, hla first A few days ago we received from Mrs. term, and Robert Ramsey for Congress, < Harvey Haldeman, of New Britain, four who, ten years later, was elected, 1° tho ■ °fO0iy ^he Whl»s. A domestic Historical Sketch, lot the Ancient jpomical friends, °CEAT 9ayS t0 hl9 Church, Read byAsa Frankenfleld Before the Buckwampun Literary Qw. single but is taxed for 20 acres and pos¬ Ann, who have all exhibited strong local sessing two horses and one cow. So it attachments for the scenes of their child¬ may be assumed that before the' latter hood. date he married Maria Renshimer, oi Rosina, who was born in 1790, in early said vicinity. The children oi this union liie entered into storekeeping on her were John, Henry, Daniel, Elizabeth, father’s place, and after its sale removed married to Abraham Roudenbush; Cath- v to the vicinity of Pleasant Valley, con¬ arine, to Nicholas Roudenbush, and tinuing in the same lor many years. She Rosina. Oi these will have more to state • died December 13,1S68, at the advanced . horeafter. Two others, George and age of 78 years, 4 months. Maria, died in early life. Paul, the eldest son of Daniel Apple¬ There is reason to believe that the afore- bach, Esq., was born in 1816, and in early aid Henry Applebach from the begin- life began to exhibit business qualifica¬ ing settled in the vicinity oi where is tions that eventually brought him into ow the creamery, about a mile above the rank of the enterprising men of this ursonville, where he spent the re- section of the country. In the military ainder oi his life. He is mentioned as he was advanced to the rank of Major aving given in his oath of allegiance General of the militia. With his brother >lay 28,1778, to the new form oi govern¬ Henry he dealt extensively in horses ment, before George Wyker, Esq. His and cattle. In partnership with the lat¬ purchase from John Thompson was ter in 1847 purchased of George P. Dutch made June 15, 1797, of 50 acres of land. what was so long known as the “Stokes If he did not make the first improve¬ Farm,” a tract containing 377 acres, ments thereon, he certainly must have whereon had been built in 1837 one of made the larger portion. As letters of the first country seats in the upper end administration were granted in 1816 tor of Bucks, where he continued to reside the settlement of his estate it is likely .to the close of his lile. In 1848 they com- / that he died within said year. A tomb¬ inenced the erection of buildings and / stone has been erected to his memory in chiefly through their enterprise grew W- the graveyard attached to the .Spring- into a village, and when the post office field church, which unfortunately con¬ was established their name was applied tains no date, but states that he was aged to tire place. He maintained an active over 77 years, so we may conclude that he career until overcome with dropsy, from was born in 1739. which he died March 26, 1872, aged up¬ The widow and heirs sold from off said wards of 56 years, 1 months. His demise place 6 acres, June 5,1817, to Jacob Bar¬ I was greatly regretted and it was sup¬ ron, and is stated to have been bounded posed that upwards of 800 persons at¬ by lands oi Jacob Renshimer, probably tended his funeral. a brother oi his wife. The balance of Henry Applebach was born November the tract was retained by the family un¬ 28, 1818, married August 29, 1S4S, Sarah til sold at public sale August 4," 1824. Jane, daughter of James Ely, of Monroe From the advertisement we learn that it county. He was also an enterprising contained 46 acres and on the road man and in connection with his elder to Bethlehem, the improvements being brother done much to advance the prop¬ a two-story stone house with a kitchen erty of the village and its neighborhood. 1 adjoining, frame barn with stone stab¬ He was here tor awhile the postmaster ling underneath, tenant house, black¬ and kept the hotel. His children were smith shop and stable, with spring house James, Daniel, Camilla and Sarah Jane. jand other outbuildings, abounding in William, the youngest of Daniel’s sons, ; meadow, woodland, apple orchard and was a life long resident of tbe village. 1 a fine running stream of water. It thus He married January 11, 1846, Sarah. / passed lrom out the family and its mem¬ daughter of George Walp. His death > bers removed to the vicinity of where is occurred in August, 1891, aged 70 years. now Pleasant Valley. The aforesaid Three children survive, Paul the present property was long in the possession oi District Attorney of Buckscounty, Emma Henry Stover, and is the same on which land Lizzie. the creamery has since been erected. John Applebach, the eldest son of the DANIEL AFF1EKBACH, OI*' HAYCOCK. ancestor, removed many years ago to He was the son of John George, who Mifliin comity, Pennsylvania. He had resided at the Burg or Castle ol Witt¬ large family and has numerous de¬ genstein, where his relative Henry had scendants there. They have changed the come trom in 1770 and soon thereafter name to Applebaugh. Henry was born settled in Springfield. In company with in 1786 and according to a stone at the his brother Ludwig he arrived iu Phila- Springfield church, died September 9, I delphia, September 30,1773, aged at this 1S55, aged upwards of 69 years, 7 months.' time 28 years, and through letters re¬ His wife’s name was Sarah and hacl a ceived lrom theaforesaidHenry,resolved son Levi born November 1.1827, but be- to emigrate to America, and was thus jyond this can give no particulars of his induced to come into the upper end of family. Buckscounty and settle down there a Daniel Applebach was born July 12, farmer for the remainder of his life. 11788, and married June 2,1811, Catharine, We nossess no further evidence re¬ Ithe daughter of Paul Apple and his wife specting him until 1770, when he was as¬ |Christiua Kappe3. He was commissioned sessed in Haycock lor llOacres of “rocky justice of the peace by Gov. George land,” two horses and a cow, his tax [Wolf, May 15, 1833, and I believe served therefore being 3 shillings or about 40 in said capacity until the close of his lite. I- cents ot our present currency. We find, le removed to near the site of Apple- foreigner as he was and only a few years aachsville, Haycock township, where he here, that he was enrolled for military (died August 18,1852,1ns wife having pre¬ service, and fined in 1778 and 1780 lor not ceded him four years. According to his regularly attending the trainings, Iwiil he was the owner "of considerable whether he was on more active duty is real estate in that vicinity. Among not mentioned. That he was on the pa¬ his other effects mentions therein his li¬ triotic side we know by liis having taken brary. He had children Paul, Henry, the oath of allegiance, July 17, 1778, be¬ William, Harriet, Catharine and Lucy fore Thomas Long, Esq., of Durham. He purchased oi John Schoch, April 10, 1707, L07 acres for £425, at present owned and occupied by Jeflerson Affler- bach, his descendant. By patent he se¬ cured 1.55 acres, January 22,1811, for §278, which covered all of the present site of Danielsville and the surrounding section. On this he made the first improvements and retained in the family, down to 1838, when his son-in-law, John Welder, sold a part of the old homestead portion to George Snyder, now owned by his son Isaac. In this connection I may state as aware that Dan.elsville, in its application here, for over half a century, has been looked upon as a joke. Now I say let the name be retained and perpetuated in honor of Daniel Afflerbach, the first original pur¬ chaser and improver of said section, where he so long lived, and died leaving a creditable record and a numerous body of respectable descendants. He sur¬ vived to December 14, 1825, aged 80, and Anna Dorothy Pupp, his wife, fol¬ lowed him two days later at 72 years. They repose beside each other in thelgrave- yard attached to St. Luke’s church, Nock- amixon. John George Afflerbach, the eldest and the only son, was born March 13, 1775, and married Dorothy, daughter of Bal- thaser Steinbach, April 3, 1798. They had thirteen children, of whom eight were boys, thus causing this branch of the family in surname to be now the most numerous in Bucks county. He was a member of a company command¬ ed by Lieutenant Andrew' Apple, and did service in the summer and fall of 1814, at Marcus Hook, for the defence of Philadelphia. He was administrator of his father’s estate and at a public, sale in April, 1827, the farm of 147 acres was sold to Anthony Wirebach, who it is presumed purchased it for the aforesaid. He died December 22,1837, aged 65 years.: Through research a curious matter has just come to light. In this family there! is a tradition that he had early in this! century received a Bible as a gift from! his grandfather, after whom he had been called, and which is still in the possession of one of his descendants. On being in¬ formed of this in my investigations in Philadelphia for material on the Affler¬ bach genealogy, I ascertained that there was a John George Afflerbach who ar¬ rived in the ship Fortune, from Ham¬ burg, September 8,1803. I have in conse¬ quence arrived at the conclusion that he was the person, and that he had been there on a visit to his relatives and that this denoted his return and how he had received said present. We shall now resume mention of the daughters of Daniel Afflerbach. Sarah married Anthony Wireback, Elizabeth born in 1777 married Abraham Mill, Catharine Isaac Deihl, Mary Isaac Mill, Maria Dorthy born 1783, Charlotte 1785, and Magdalena born Jan. 21,1790, mar¬ ried John Welder. The latter couple were well known to me and frequent visitors to my father’s house. She died Feb. 7,1861, and her husband June 24, 1867, aged nearly 76 years. They had children, William, David, Peter, Mary, John, James and Daniel. In 1827 he be¬ came the owner of 66 acres of his father- in-law’s estate, on which he resided until sold in 183S, when about 1843 he removed from Springfield to the Bissey farm in Tinicum, where he died. A majority of .his descendants now reside in Pniladel- phia. • • w ] liYim***-*»«••**'• —. *...i.4...w-i.«#« i--.■.....— i-M.t • •• i-o...r.j,.. .. .r:*'1 u> r«L'"A'**.»...... • • ‘»ji •!'•*' •. -t •! i <,4 4...... *t.r2L 2a 4«M.C.‘. 4.. . -...... I....,.. . • ..., ,» V iV •- « • .:•••• . -• ■••••'«••• * •• • • — . • • •.-*• .. 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