THE REPUBLIC OF

GOVERNMENT OF KOSOVO

MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND SPATIAL PLANNING

KOSOVO ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

INSTITUTE FOR SPATIAL PLANNING

SPATIAL PLAN

National Park

"Bjeshkët e Nemuna"

Spatial Plan for the National Park "Bjeshkët e Nemuna" Institute for Spatial Planning

NATIONAL PARK “BJESHKËT E NEMUNA”

THE REPUBLIC OF KOSOVO SPATIAL PLAN MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND SPATIAL PLANNING

A document drafted by the Institute for Spatial Planning in cooperation with KOSOVO ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY relevant structures of the sectors of the Government of Kosovo, municipal governments and structures of different levels of Kosovo society.

INSTITUTE FOR SPATIAL PLANNING Remark: The competent version of the document is the version in .

NATIONAL PARK “BJESHKËT E NEMUNA”

SPATIAL PLAN

Pristina November, 2016

2 Spatial Plan for the National Park "Bjeshkët e Nemuna" Institute for Spatial Planning

Speech of Minister

Honorable citizens,

The National Park "Bjeshkët e Nemuna" is one of the most precious natural assets of Kosovo, whose values, including biodiversity and landscape, exceed the boundaries of our country. Therefore, in the framework of efforts to protect this value of our natural heritage, the spatial plan document, in which are given the main strategic orientations for the conservation and sustainable use of the Park. We are confident that the proposed recommendations and developments will positively impact the sustainability of this area, enabling it to experience it not only by us but also by the generations to come.

The Spatial Plan document is the result of a comprehensive research and analysis of the existing situation. The main purpose of this analysis was to ascertain the causes of the problems that have arisen, to know the risk to the area if the negative phenomena persist, to know the resources and real potentials in the Park space, and to coordinate the joint efforts that all these To be oriented towards the sustainable development of the Park.

The Kosovo Environmental Protection Agency, respectively the Institute for Spatial Planning, has completed the process of drafting the Spatial Plan of the National Park "Bjeshkët e Nemuna". The drafting of the document was accompanied by a transparent process, during which several meetings were organized with participants of various fields, professions and structures. A valuable contribution was also achieved by meetings with the Inter-Ministerial Working Group as well as with members of important sectors of the Government of Kosovo. Part of this work was also the meetings with the authorities of the participating municipalities and the community living in the territory of the Park. The contribution of all parties has been very valuable. Numerous information has been gathered, important suggestions and remarks have been made, which have given the final form to this very important document for our National Park.

Honorable citizens, the most important phase of the document will start soon - the implementation of the planned developments. What is initially required of all of us is to change the approach to actions that further degrade Park space, while we as the process bearers, in cooperation with the responsible municipal authorities, ensure that we will take all the measures that Actions and activities envisaged to be realized according to the plan. In this regard, we need the commitment and help of all, so that we jointly make the necessary changes.

Acting Minister of Environment and Spatial Planning

PART OF THE PLAN PROFILE OF SPATIAL I 3 DEVELOPMENT Spatial Plan for the National Park "Bjeshkët e Nemuna" Institute for Spatial Planning

VISION,PRINCIPLE AND II GOALS

SPATIAL DEVELOPMENT III FRAMEWORK

STRATEGY AND IV IMPLEMENTATION

ACTIONS

IMPLEMENTATION V PROVISIONS

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CONTENTS

CONTEXT

National parks in …………………………………………………...... 6 Infrastructure of electricity …………………………………………...... 43 V. IMPLEMENTATION PROVISIONS …………………………………………...... 67 National parks in Kosovo …………………………………………………...... 8 Waste management ………………………………………………………...... 43 General provisions...... 67 Introduction …………………………………………………………………………… 9 Water infrastructure………………………………………………………………. 43 Provisions on the responsibilities of the Ministry...... 67 Role and basis of the plan ………………………………………………...... 9 SWOT analysis …………………………………………………………………...... 44 Provisions on the responsibilities of municipal authorities ...... 67 Key challenges…………………………………………………………………………. 44 The provisions for the responsibilities of the authority I. SPATIAL DEVELOPMENT PROFILE …………………………..………………. 12 Administration and management of the park …………………………. 44 responsible for administering Park...... 67 ENVIRONMENT AND LAND USE ....……………………………………...... 13 Protecting and preserving the environment, landscaping, Provisions and conditions for defining and defining public Biodiversity…………………………………………………………………………….. 13 biodiversity and the natural and cultural values of the park ..... 45 spaces / facilities ...... 68 Pedological characteristics……………………………………………………… 15 Rational use of natural resources for the benefit of economic Division of zones...... 68 Underground resources...... 15 development in the national park………………………………………….... 47 Procedure for obtaining public property in use ...... 68 The state of the environment………………………………………………….. 15 Revitalizing traditional activities in the park's settlements and Procedure for obtaining a construction permit ...... 68 Geomorphologic features ……………………………………………………….. 16 preserving the tradition as influential factors...……………………….. 48 Provisions and conditions of construction...... 69 Geological characteristics ………………………………………………………… 17 Specific construction conditions ...... 69

Hydrographic characteristics...... …………………………...... 17 II. VISION, PRINCIPLES AND GOALS ………………………………………...... 50 Tourist / recreation centers ...... 70 Hydrological features ………………………………………………………………. 19 Visioni …………………………………………………………………………………….. 50 Resort villages ...... 70 Climatic features …………………………………………………………………….. 20 Goals and Objectives …………………………………………………………...... 51 Campsite location...... 70 Erosion ……………………………………………………………………………………. 20 Hotel facilities ...... 70

Seismic areas …………………………………………………………………………… 21 III. SPATIAL DEVELOPMENT FRAMEWORK ……………………………...... 52 Motels ...... 71 Land use ……………………………………………………………………...... 22 The concept of spatial development …………………………………...... 52 Picnic locations ...... 71 Cultural heritage……………………………………………………………...... 25 Division into zones according to the protection regime ………..... 53 Mountain houses...... 71 Natural heritage ………………………………………………………………...... 29 Development scenarios …………………………………………………………... 54 Entries in the Park ...... 72 POPULATION AND SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT…………………………….... 30 Physical infrastructure...... 72

Settlements and housing ………………………………………………………... 33 IV. STRATEGY AND IMPLEMENTATION ACTIONS ……………………...... 59 Natural heritage...... 72 ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ………………………………………………...... 34 S1. Administration, managing the park efficiently and Cultural heritage ...... 73 Agricultural and livestock activities ……………………………………...... 34 collaborating in the service of the park …………………………...... 59 Waste treatment ...... 73 Beekeeping……………………………………………………………………………... 34 S2. Protection, preservation and rational use of the values of Implementation of the plan ...... 73 Industry …………………………………………………………………………………... 35 natural and cultural heritage in and around the park ……...... 59 Social impacts...... 73 Trade and Crafts ………………………………………………………………...... 35 S3. Socio-demographic development in settlements within Further research...... 74 Tourism and tourism potentials in the Park...... 36 and around the Park...... 61 Participants in drafting the plan ...... 75 PHYSICAL INFRASTRUCTURE ………………………………………………..... 42 S4. The economic growth of the park and the development Literature ...... 75 Transport and transportation infrastructure ………………………...... 42 of tourism...... 62 Telecommunications.....………………………………………………………….. 42 S5. Providing access and public services to the park...... 63 APPENDIXES Action plan ...... 77 Table with internal border quotas by municipalities …...... 82

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CONTEXT National Parks in Europe1 In the continent of Europe, including the states between the Atlantic Ocean and the Ural Mountains, until 1995 there were 220 national parks (NPs), from 2000 throughout the world. Among the first states that started the establishment of the NPs were: Sweden since 1909 with "Abisko National Parks", "Garphyttan", "Sarek", "Stora or Sjofallet", following Switzerland in 1914 with "Swiss National Park", then Spain in 1918 with "Odesa" and "Covadonga", Iceland in 1928, Finland etc. In general, the territories of national parks are understood as homogeneous, unused land, which have hydro-morphological formations, landscapes, ecosystems, and plant and animal species of precious natural and cultural value. The management of these NPs, with a view to protecting and preserving the above mentioned values, is provided by the highest state authorities. In Europe, as opposed to North America, NPs are areas of conservation of continental values, in which various evolutions have taken place since the period, for example. The development (decreasing or growing vegetation) in forests is more related to human-cultural activities than to the natural and phenomena of climate change. Although wars have occurred, migrations, drastic changes in demographics and socio-economic developments, property transfers, etc. have occurred, by the end of the nineteenth century some of the areas have remained untouched. Such natural features are closer to the American concept of national parks, as we have the Yellowstone Park, which was founded in 1872.At present, today's concept is that national parks are areas that have remained as the most natural wildlife and are far farther and less friendly to human influence. Thus, hydro-morphological formations, forests, pastures, swamps, caves, river valleys and canyons, as well as natural or artificial lakes, as are the tundra of the Scandinavian coast, although hit by the storms of the northern islands of Scotland and the glaciers of Iceland, as well as the shrubby cliffs of the Alps or the Pyrenees, are the most intact natural Parks that may be the ones of Eastern Europe. To the south, with the flourishing of the Greco-Roman civilization, the European man had a different and more diverse relationship with nature. After numerous wars and sufferings, he sought to invade and convert the peoples and riches of the territories he dominated.That is why the most prestigious wildlife areas in the Mediterranean countries are at higher altitudes and away from human activities. However, in these natural parks, there is no systematic destruction of species, habitats and biological (biodiversity), but this impact is mainly seen in the distribution and endangering of their area. → National Parks in Europe (green in color shows the geographical spread of European national parks, among which are two national parks of Kosovo)

1Parc National des Cevennes, “Atlas du Parc National des Cevennes”, GIP ATEN, Morgen Multimedia, EDATER 2002 MATE (http://atlas.parcsnationaux.org/cevennes/Default.asp)

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Much later, in 1972, the definition of national parks has been strengthened and extended with the use of areas of these protected → NP “Pirini” – Bulgaria areas, including occasionally cultural landscapes and archaeological sites. Finally, at the Caracas World Congress in 1992, the conservation and exploitation of NPs has been placed at the center of sustainable development strategies. On the one hand, the most fundamental issue for the conservation of biological diversity (ecosystems, species and genetic variations) is to protect the diversity of wild and cultivated species and to provide space for their lives and, on the other hand, through the protection of areas with exceptional natural beauty as well as of cultural importance, NPs offer healing and raise the quality of human life of 70% of the urban population in Europe.

National Parks in Europe are not isolated areas and do not solely solve the problem of land use or increased use of natural resources, which can not overcome these obstacles by just a certain way and time. By relying on research programs and technical delivery of adequate management of natural and cultural values and landscapes, NPs are contributing to a better use of natural space. From all that said, it turns out that in the policy of national parks developed in Europe, two main shafts are distinguished. One to preserve → NP ”Haute Savoie” – France what remains natural and unmanaged by man and the other to preserve the variety created by traditional rural societies. Only the precise determination of management objectives, based on developments in the surrounding areas, can allow NPs to provide important solutions to the conservation of biological (life) diversity in the next fifty years. National parks, which, according to distribution and dominant character, can be scattered in 12 biomasses, large vegetation units determined mainly by climate, temperature and rainfall conditions, are listed below2:

1. Atlantic and Baltic coasts: 20 (9%)

2. Mediterranean coasts: 7 (3%)

3. Tundra: 3 (1%)

4. North Halves Forests: 31 (13%)

5. Mixed Forests: 15 (6%)

6. Leaf Forests: 27 (11%) → NP “Cheile” – Romania 7. Mediterranean Forests: 8 (3%) 8. Ponds and swamps: 18 (8%) 9. Steppes and continental salt swamps: 6 (3%) 10. Scandinavian Mountains (Northern Europe): 24 (10%) 11. Mainland Mountains (Central Europe): 31 (13%) 12. Southern Europe Mountains: 47 (20%)

National parks in Kosovo 2Source: IBM Europe in all its nature

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Currently, the Republic of Kosovo has 2 national parks: National Park “Sharri” located in the south and south-west of the country, is part of the Sharri Mountains, which extend to the three neighboring states, in R. Kosovo, R. and Former R. F. J. of Macedonia. In Kosovo, NP "Sharri" is located in Dragash, , Suhareka, Shtërpcë and Kaçanik → National Parks municipalities and covers an area of 53272 hectares; and National Park in Kosovo “Cursed Mountians”, with its position in the north-western part of the country, is part of the mountainous ones of the same name (or known as → Surfaces in National Parks in Kosovo

National Total area of The I-Zone The II-Zone The III-Zone NP Surface in Park Parks (in ha) (In%) (In%) (In%) Municipalities (in%) Dragash (45%) Prizren (22%) Sharri 53.272 ha 17.6 % 75.3 % 7.1 % Suharekë (4.7%) Shtërpcë (24.2%) Kaçanik (4.1%) Istog (8.1%) Pejë (52.1%) Bjeshkët e 13.3 % 63.028 ha 65.0 % 20.5 % Deçan (26.6%) Nemuna 1.2% ZVM (8.4%) Gjakovë (4.8%) the Albanian Alps), which also extend to the three neighboring states, in R. Kosovo, R. Albania and R. . In Kosovo this park lies in the municipalities of Istog, , Deçan, Junik and and has an area of 63028 hectares. Undoubtedly, these two National Parks, which together cover over 10% of the total area of the country, extend to the most mountainous parts, including the highest points in Kosovo. A land-stretch of them is due to the fact that there is a very large number of plant species and animal species of high biological diversity (biodiversity), which are in harmony with humans or stay away from their negative impacts caused by development activities.

Missions of Parks Recognizing, protecting, preserving and managing the natural values of natural heritage while ensuring the preservation of biological diversity (biodiversity) and public wellbeing are the welcome and traditional missions of national parks. In addition, the specifics of both Parks in Kosovo allow the development of a series of original activities aimed at preserving natural, cultural and landscape values. This ambition is mainly based on positive (synergistic) and friendly guaranteed interaction activities, eg. between open agricultural areas - herbaceous and a forest environment, etc. In addition, care for a strong international co-operation, twinning and sustainable development brings partnerships and contractual relationships that promote the involvement of local people and stakeholders in the management of ecological equilibrium and the values of natural and cultural heritage within and around the Park.

8 Spatial Plan for the National Park "Bjeshkët e Nemuna" Institute for Spatial Planning

INTRODUCTION phenomena are uncontrolled cutting of forests and constructions without The Spatial Plan of the National Park "Bjeshkët e Nemuna" is a document support in spatial and regulatory plans. which should promote the common interests of the inhabitants of Kosovo, The initiative for the announcement of the National Park "Bjeshkët e for a faster economic development, in order to improve the quality of life Nemuna" started in 1970 by the Ministry for the Protection of Cultural The continuation of uncontrolled forest cutting would have irreversible but at the same time to protect the resources, inheritance Natural and Monuments and continued in 1985 by the Kosovo Nature Conservation consequences, besides the loss of wood mass, which also directly reflects cultural. The plan defines the long-term spatial planning principles and Office. on the disruption of ecosystems, the threat of the animal world, goals for a period of at least 10 years, defines the real timeframes and landscaping, erosion, etc. According to this initiative, the National Park "Bjeshkët e Nemuna" would budget implications. Spatial plan should be: include part of the territory of the Municipality of Peja and Deçan. Since Constructions that are not done based on spatial and regulatory plans, • Guide the sectors and agencies of the Government in drafting and the Municipality of Deçan did not consent to this, it was decided that only which are mainly represented by hotel and residential buildings, are more implementing policies and decisions for the fairest use of this natural the part belonging to the Municipality of Peja was declared and at the pronounced in the areas that are visited more as in Gorge, Bogë, resource; same time prepared a "A study on the feasibility of announcing the Leqinat etc. Such constructions have occurred due to lack of plans. Mountains in Peja Municipality for the National Park". Even this initiative Currently, the situation is not very disturbing, but if this phenomenon • Determine the categorization of spaces or areas under the protection has not succeeded in finalizing the announcement. persists and spreads in the future, it will naturally degrade the national regime and their use in: areas that are maintained such as are stored park space because people would also build where they did not need, by any development; areas with a small, limited range of spatial In 2002, the Kosovo Institute for Nature Protection again initiated the which would damage the landscape, vegetation and would be affected by development; and areas with a wider range of spatial development announcement of the National Park "Bjeshkët e Nemuna". According to animal habitats. this initiative, it was foreseen that part of the territory of Peja, Istog, The Spatial Plan will serve as a guide to: Deçan and Gjakova should be included in the national park. The respective The park has great potential for tourism development, both winter and • Identification of Park location with development potential; municipal assemblies have consented to this initiative. summer. Boga Slopes, those in the Belegu Mountains etc are very suitable for skiing in winter, while during the summer, the park space for tourists • Approval of policies related to the establishment of possible In 2003, a "Study on the reasonability of the annunciation of the Bjeshkët offers exceptional opportunities for enjoying the beauties of landscapes, developments in the park territory related to the development of e Nemuna" was prepared and at the same time a draft law was prepared recreation and rehabilitation, walking (hiking), standing in fresh air or tourism, the provision of necessary services, always maintaining for it. The initiative was supported by the Government of Kosovo and the other ways. maximum inheritance and natural and cultural values; Assembly of Kosovo at the session held on 03.04.2003, but later the draft law has not found the right support. The potentials exist, but the infrastructure and other content that enable • Identifying the role of surrounding settlements (villages) and the role the use of these potentials are deficient. In many countries they do not of large cities that took place near the park; The efforts of the Ministry of Environment and Spatial Planning have exist. Only in Bogë there has been infrastructure development for the continued. In 2009 again formed a working group for drafting the draft law • development of skiing and it is not enough because the ski lift capacity Identifying the role of surrounding settlements (villages) and for the proclamation of the "Bjeshkët e Nemuna" national park. There was there is small and the ski slopes have little to do with the opportunities it • Identifying the role of important infrastructure and links to the park also a civil society initiative for the Bjeshkët e Nemuna. In December 2009, has. territory the project "Bjeshkët e Nemuna - National Park, pro et contra" has started. The project was financially supported by the Kosovo Foundation for Open Infrastructures at an unsatisfactory level and overall low levels of Society KFOS and implemented by the Regional Environmental Center - economic development in the park space have caused the abandonment REC, Kosovo office. of settlements there by the population and today a number of settlements are completely emptied. Finally, after a series of consultations and discussions at the central and local level of power and the community, a draft law is drafted and the The negative signs mentioned, then the situation regarding infrastructure Assembly of Kosovo in December 2012 adopts the Law on the National and economic development in general, have created the need to engage Park "Bjeshkët e Nemuna", which opens the way for the design of the the respective segments of our society so that they all return to a spatial plan for this park. satisfactory state in which the national park would benefit in all respects. This commitment consists in planning the park space, ie the design of the State park's spatial plan, regulatory plans, then development investments based The National Park "Bjeshkët e Nemuna" represents a rare geographic on these plans and in day care so that the park is preserved. Some steps region with great wealth of landscape elements such as: high peaks of have been taken in this regard. Now, as it is said, the Bjeshkët e Nemuna snowy peaks, impressive woods, various types of trees where beauty are legally promulgated, national park with defined boundaries, the dominates the high pines, stunning valley of stunning deep gorges, Directorate of the National Park "Bjeshkët e Nemuna" has been pastures and meadows of flowers of all colors, numerous watercourses established and a spatial plan for the Park is under development. which form the ravine of rivers, beautiful caves and fabulous lakes in high places. Role and basis of the plan The state of the environment, despite its violation of the forests, can still be said to be, in general, good. Air and water are clean, and the The drafting of the Spatial Plan of the National Park "Bjeshkët e Nemuna" degradation of the earth is not to the extent that it would be called very is based on the legislation in force consisting of: Law on Spatial Planning, disturbing. The good condition of the environment needs to be preserved Law on declaring the National Park "Bjeshkët e Nemuna", Law on and improved in the future, but this can not happen if some of the Agricultural Land, Law on Housing and Construction, Law on negative phenomena currently present in the park area are not prohibited Environmental Protection, Law on Nature Protection and Law on Water. and pose a serious threat to the environment and the future park. These

9 Spatial Plan for the National Park "Bjeshkët e Nemuna" Institute for Spatial Planning

The Spatial Plan of the National Park "Bjeshkët e Nemuna" is based on: SPATIAL PLAN OF NATIONAL PARK "CURSED • Principles defined by law, MOUNTIANS" • Vision and strategic goals, • Reports of important sectors,

• Development strategies of different sectors, PREPARATORY WORKS • Other elements determined by special act SPATIAL DEVELOPMENT PROFILE PROPOSAL FOR PLANNING SPATIAL PLAN OF NP AND ANALYSIS OF THE SITUATION "CURSED MOUNTIANS"

Process, public participation, source of data

After the adoption of the Law on the National Park "Bjeshkët e Nemuna" by the Assembly of Kosovo, the Institute for Spatial Planning (ISP) took the DECISION FOR THE PLANNING OF SPATIAL PLAN OF initiative to draft the spatial plan of this park. Work on drafting the plan THE NP "CURSED MOUNTIANS" has begun with review and data that ISP had available before starting VISION, PRINCIPLES AND work. In parallel with this, ISP has initiated the establishment of two working groups: the inter-ministerial working group (MWG) and the expert TARGETS BASIC ORIENTIMES group on zoning the park's territory. The groups were established by the decisions of the Chief Executive of the Kosovo Environmental Protection Agency (KEPA). The inter-ministerial working group was composed of SPATIAL DEVELOPMENT SUBJECTS various sectors of the Government of Kosovo and local municipal PROCESS PLANNING FRAMEWORK FIRST DECISIONS governments in the territories of which the park lies. His task has been to support the ISP staff in drafting this plan. The expert group on zoning the MESP park territory consisted of experts in biology and geography from the SPATIAL University of Prishtina "Hasan Prishtina" and the Ministry of Environment STRATEGIES AND and Planning Spatial (MESP). The group has had the task of identifying and IMPLEMENTATION ACTIONS ACTION PLANS setting the boundaries of the areas on the ground under their protection GOVERNMENT OF KOSOVO and exploitation regime. VERIFICATION / HARMONIZATION The process of drafting the plan has gone through 5 stages of work as a /REDEFINING /UPDATE /EVALUATION MONITORING IMPLEMENTATION PROVISIONS THE PARLIAMENT OF KOSOVO result of which the 5 parts (chapters) of the spatial plan: 1. Spatial Development Profile and Status Analysis; →Pr 2. Vision, Principles and Targets; ocess scheme 3. Spatial Development Framework;

4. Strategies and implementation actions; How it is intended to achieve all that is presented in the part of the framework is shown in the fourth section of the "Strategies and Actions for During the process of drafting the Plan, a successful and very transparent 5. Implementation Provisions Implementation" plan. This includes measures, concrete actions and process of discussions has been developed, involving all stakeholders. The In the first part of the plan, the "Spatial Development Profile and Situation projects that need to be implemented in order to achieve the goals and purpose and focus of the meetings was to involve the community and Analysis" presents and analyzes the existing situation in the park area, objectives for the national park. their knowledge of the process and importance of their participation in the seen in four thematic areas: the environment and land use, demography process. The general impression of these discussions was the During the fifth phase, the last part of the spatial plan "Implementation and social development, economic development, and infrastructure. In misunderstandings and misinterpretations of the process, which to a Provisions" has been drafted. This document lists all conditions that must parallel with the data collection for presenting the existing situation by ISP considerable part of the population have caused the feeling of refusal of necessarily be met during the implementation of the plan. staff supported by the MWG, during this phase of work, the expert group the process as such. Over time, with frequent meetings and discussions, on the ground has set the boundaries of three areas under the protection During the process, always after the completion of the particular part of this situation has overcome; the community has started to be an active and exploitation regime. the plan, it was distributed to MWG members to analyze and comment in part of meeting ideas and concrete development projects. Positive impact order to eventually improve the document. The process has been in this regard has been shown by the municipal authorities, which with "Vision, Principles and Targets" is part of the spatial plan document giving inclusive, transparent and with public participation in decision-making. utmost dedication have provided all the possible data and the much a vision for the future of the park and showing the goals and objectives needed support in the process. that are to be achieved in the park. Public participation implies the involvement of the ministries of the Government of Kosovo, municipal authorities, scientific and research For the first time, some of the discussions were also representatives of the In the third stage of work, the "Spatial Development Framework" was institutions, civil society organizations, UN agencies, foreign development institutions of Albania, which discussed the launch of the initiative in compiled. It gives the main concepts of future spatial development in the agencies, liaison offices in Kosovo, EU institutions, etc. drafting a joint spatial plan, including Montenegro as an important part of park, while the goals and objectives are given the spatial dimension, it is this area. more generalized where and what is to be achieved with respect to the thematic fields mentioned above.

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The planning process is ongoing. It should be subject to monitoring, Basic Functions of the National Park "Bjeshkët e Nemuna" h) nature protection; evaluation and on the basis of requirements and necessary changes. The With the spatial plan of the National Park "Bjeshkët e Nemuna" and i) ensuring the right of citizens to a healthy environment, rest and following is an institutional mobilization scheme or public participation in according to the law on nature protection we should provide: recreation in nature. the spatial plan design process. a) conservation, preservation, renewal and sustainable use of nature and j) providing biodiversity through the conservation of important natural The material of the spatial plan is based on data taken directly from the renewable resources of nature; habitats and species of flora and fauna in favorable conservation field, from the municipalities in the territories of which lies the National status. Park "Bjeshkët e Nemuna", from the development plans of these b) revitalization of damaged areas of nature or parts thereof and municipalities, relevant sectors of the ministries of the Government of compensation for damages caused; Under the law on nature protection, the national park is a natural territory Kosovo, documentation Existing for the validity of the announcement of with functions for: c) preservation and restoration of ecological balance in nature; the Bjeshkët e Nemuna National Park and the documents of international a) the protection of the ecological integrity of one or more ecosystems d) establishment of a system for planning, management, inventory, development agencies that have worked and work on various issues for today's and future generations; related to forests, rural development, tourism. monitoring, information and funding for nature protection; b) the exclusion of exploitation or usurpation in order to alter and e) the achievement of goals set out in the nature protection policies; damage the nature; f) reduction of over-exploitation and endangerment of species of flora →Public participation Scheme c) providing grounds for spiritual, scientific, educational, recreational, and fauna, especially those of particular importance, rare and cultural and visiting purposes, in accordance with the principles of endangered, as well as their habitats. environmental protection, as long as it is to be managed for purposes g) the right to public information and public participation in the field of such as: 1. the protection of natural territories of national and international importance for spiritual, scientific, educational, recreational and tourist purposes; 2. preservation of resource status, representative examples of physiographic areas, biotic communities, genetic resources and species for ensuring biodiversity and ecological stability; 3. providing inspirational, scientific, educational, cultural and recreational use to keep the area in a natural or near natural state; 4. exploitation exclusion or visit which may cause changes and damage to nature; 5. the maintenance of ecological, geomorphologic and aesthetic features for which the territory is declared protected. The functions of the national park are defined in such a way as to ensure in the first place the protection and development of the fundamental values of the national park, and then the regulation and utilization of these values: • Preservation and protection of natural values and rarities present and partially changed; • Protecting and enhancing the landscape of the region as a whole; • Preservation and protection of cultural and historical heritage; • Development and promotion of natural and established values, as well as the development of present and new activities; • Economy and progress of natural and economic values; • Utilization of national park values for the purpose of scientific, educational, educational and cultural research; • Use of national park values for the needs of the economy, first of all for the needs of recreational and recreational activities, then for the use of forests, mountain pastures, agricultural land and other; • Raise citizens' awareness of the values of nature.

11 Spatial Plan for the National Park "Bjeshkët e Nemuna" Institute for Spatial Planning

I SPATIAL DEVELOPMENT PROFILE PROFILE AND ANALYSIS OF THE SITE

1.1. GEOGRAPHICAL POSITION AND PARK LIMITS Bjeshkët e Nemuna are continuation of the Dinaric Mountains, which stretches to west of Kosovo, to the north of Albania and to the south-east of Montenegro. These high-steep, steep mountains reach the ranks of the "wildest" mountains not only of our country but also of Europe. Bjeshkët e Nemuna in Kosovo has a stretch in the north-south direction of 50 km long and 26 km wide. On the side of Kosovo, rising to the end of the field (500-600 m) and reaching a height of over 2000 m, in some places cut off from the deep river valleys of the Bistrica River (Lumbardhit) of Peja, Deçan, and have as the southern border Drini. The mountain mass of the Bjeshkët e Nemuna is divided into three parts: The northern part consists of the mountains that lie in the north and northeast of Bistrica (Lumbardhit) of Peja, which gently starts on the Mount of Dukagjini and Mokna. From Mokna, this mountain belt runs southwest and goes to New Peak (1812m). From here it extends to the west and continues through the peak of Pogled (Shiqimi, 2155m) at Zhleb with the peak of Rusolia (2381m). This group of mountains, on the other side of the mountain belong to Shtedim (2272 m), Hajla (2400m), Mountain of Shishka, Hasan peak (1871 m), Begu Mountain with Velekuti peak (2015) and Poklen (1376). The central part consists of the mountains between Bistrica (Peja and Deçan): Koprivnik with Çvrlenit Rock(2460m), Strellci Mountains with Strellci Peak (2377m), Qafa e Nekut and Mylishevci. To the west, this part belongs to the Lumbardh Mountains with the Red Stone Peak (2522m), the Mountains of Nexhinat (2341m) and Staraci (Elder, 2426m). The southern part extends to the south-west of Bistrica of Deçan and consists of the Deçan Mountains, the Voksh Mountains (1641m), the Junik Mountains with the Zogu (2296m), Gjeravica (2656m), Bogičevica (2103m), Ropas Peak (2505m), Peak of the Dog (2406m) and Marjashi (2530m). Bjeshkët e Nemuna with the altitude, the structure of the relief, the geological construction, the climatic elements and the organic world commemorate the Alps. The Bjeshkët e Nemuna are distinguished by a large number of high peaks over 2000m, and the highest absolute peak of Kosovo, Gjeravica (2656m). The Morphology of the Mountains is characterized by steep slopes, with deep valleys, narrow gorges, featuring rare natural beauty not only in Kosovo but also in Europe. According to the Law on the "Bjeshkët e Nemuna" adopted by the Assembly of Kosovo On December 13, 2012, the Park has an area of 62488 Ha, which after the measurements and detailed analysis has undergone changes. According to these changes, the surface of the Park is 63028 Ha and is located in the territory of the municipalities: Peja (32847 Ha or 52%); Deçan (with 16786 →The geographical position of the National Park "Bjeshkët e Nemuna" ha or 27%), Junik (5273 Ha or 8%), Istog (5074 Ha or 8%) and Gjakova (3048 Ha or 5%). Details of the border are shown in Annex 2.

12 Spatial Plan for the National Park "Bjeshkët e Nemuna" Institute for Spatial Planning

1.2. ENVIRONMENT AND LAND USE 1.2.1. Biodiversity The park's territory consists of the rich parts that contain natural values created and rich in biodiversity, highly developed and important in terms of scientific, educational, cultural, aesthetic and tourist-recreational aspects. Within it, we distinguish natural areas and objects that enjoy the status of protection. They are presented in the following table .

→ Zonat dhe objektet e mbrojtura në territorin e Parkut The situation in the Park in terms of air and water is not bad, while when it comes to land, there is degradation expressed in the form of illegal logging of forests; Area / Surface Year of Importance of Category Within the alpine and subalpine areas of the park there are 33 endemic facilities in ha protecti protection plant species, 6 subendemic species, 128 endemic species of the ; on Rops 25 1955 Botanical Plantage In the park there are 8 species of fish, 13 of aquatic invertebrates, 10 peak no.277/ significance with (Rezervat bimor) reptiles, 148 species of birds, 37 mammals and 129 butterfly species; 55 preserved species of mulch, fir, pine In the lower part of the park lies the oak and beech forests, in the upper and beech part are the forests with conch as the forests of fir and arnen, while in the Kozhnjari 161 1955 Wildlife reserve, - Nature reserve highest heights lies the pasture vegetation; no. wild boar reserve (Rezervat 337/58 (Rupicapra shtazor) The main geomorphologic features are: White Drini Gurgaon, Rugova rupicapra) Gorge Canyon, Gjeravica Peak, Mountain Circuits etc.; Prilep 0.92 1963 Botanical Plantage The park has a typical mountain climate with fresh and hot wines and cold Mountain no. 05- significance, pure (Rezervat bimor) winters and heavy snowfalls. The average annual temperature is 10.2 ° C. s 6/9/63 mountain scenery (Acer heildreichii) Characterized by large number of precipitation days (over 130 days); Gubavci 38 1959 Botanical - Plantage The park is rich in surface water with an annual average amount of significance, life- (Rezervat bimor) 30m³/s. Characteristics are the springs: Radavc (1900-6500 l/s), Vrella- style endemic-relic →Environment in the Park Istog (1400-4500l/s), Vrella (1800-2000 l/s) etc; shafts (Forsythia europeae) It is a high erosion area where about 84% of the surface is under the Rugova 4301 1988 Geological, Nature influence of high and very high erosion; Gorge hydrologic, Monument landscape, 1.2.1.1. Flora Seismic: V-VII degree of mercury. speleological, As far as flora is concerned, the "Bjeshkët e Nemuna" National Park is The surface of the Park is 63028ha. In it, forests constitute the largest botanical characterized by the presence of 1000 relict, end morelic and endemic spatial structure with 45166ha (71.66%), while the spatial structure, importance autumnal plants of the Balkans and Europe, including mycoses, lichens and second by size, is grazed with 15520ha (24.62%). Other spatial structures White 89.94 1983, Hydrological, Nature fungus. Within the alpine and sub alpine areas there are 33 endemic Drini GZK landscape, Monument are smaller, such as bare spaces (1883ha (2.99%), settlements with 438ha species, 6 sub endemic species, 128 endemic species of the Balkans, with Source 2/83 geological, scientific, economic and medical value. While 26 species are dominant, (0.70%), quarries 9ha (0.01%) and lakes 9ha (0.01%). and speleological endemic types of Kosovo within the park are 11. The endemic species of Radavc significance the Balkans are 18. Based on the Red Book of Vascular Flora of the cave Republic of Kosovo, 126 species are endangered by the disappearance and 6 species are at the UNESCO European Red List - New York, 1991.

13 Spatial Plan for the National Park "Bjeshkët e Nemuna" Institute for Spatial Planning

2. Middle mountain breeding

3. High mountain breeding

→Sanza - Gentaina lutea

1.2.1.2. Fauna

The "Bjeshkët e Nemuna" National Park is characterized by rich fauna with endemic and relict species. It consists of: 8 species of fish, 13 water bodies, 10 reptiles, 148 poultry, 37 mammals, as shown in the following chart, and 129 species of butterflies only from the Lepidoptera order.

200 148 150

100

50 37 8 13 10 →Ahu – Fagetum montanum 0 Pisces Amphibia Reptilia Aves Mammalia The composition of the fauna of the Bjeshkëve të Nemuna according to the number of species In the framework of the Bjeshkëve të Nemuna so far have been found these associations: To date 148 species of poultry have been observed, but it is thought to 1. Ass. Abieti – Fagetum moesiacae have over 200 species of international importance and therefore the 2. Ass. Fagetum subalpinum scardo – pindicum Bjeshket e Nemuna have been identified in the IBA international list3. 3. Ass. Picetum abietis bertisceum montanum →Mëlaka bullgare-Geum gulgaricum For Families and Ornithophore Types in the National Park "Bjeshket e 4. Ass. Picetum abietis bertisceum subalpinum Nemuna" see Annex 1 5. Ass. Ëulfenio – Pinetum peucis 6. Ass. Pinetum peucis typicum 7. Ass. Pinetum heldreichii bertisceum 1.2.1.3. Vegetation 8. Ass. Ëulfenio – Pinetum mugo 9. Ass. Bruckenthalio – Juniperetum Climate and ecological conditions in the park have enabled the existence 10. Ass. Nardetum subalpinum montenegrinum of rich flora and vegetation with the presence of woody forms, shrubs and 11. Ass. Salicetum herbaceae balcanicum herbs, relics, endemorelies and endemic autochthonous, the Balkans and 12. Ass. Pinguiculo – Narthecium scardici Europe. In terms of vertical vegetation, most of the lower part of the 13. Ass. Carici Crepidetum dinaricae vegetation includes the deciduous vegetation, the upper part of the 14. Ass. Festucetum albanicae conifer, while the vegetation of the pastures is located above the forest. In 15. Ass. Senecio – Rumicetum alpini the forests are dominated Dushku (quercus) and Ahu (fagetum montanum), and of fir (abiesalba), Spruce (picea abies), Rrobulli (pinus Vertical alignment of forest communities heldreichii) and white Arneni (pinus peuce). Forest vegetation within the park territory can be clearly observed in the Vegetation has undergone changes during its historical development vertical profile through several generations that build the generations of process, so all the plant species that survived the glacial period along with the respective phytocenoses typical characteristic such as: new types created after diluvium build up different and characteristic The forest belt of Oak phytocenoses. Here are three vegetative generations: The forest belt of Beech Mixed forest belt of Oak and Conifers 1. Low mountain breeding The forest belt of dark Conifers The forest belt of Rrobulli and Arneni

3 Important Bird Area (Zonat e rëndësishme të zogjëve) Heath belt with Pinus Mugo

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The shrub breeds extending to the altitude of 1850-2050 meters, in all 1.2.3. The state of the environment The forest belt of Oak the exposures, the geological base builds carbonates such as dollomites, The state of the park in terms of air and water is not bad, while when it marbles and so on.The forest cover ranges from 30 to 100% with a Includes the lower part of the thermophile forest with an altitude of 800 comes to land, there is a degradation that is mainly expressed in the form height of 2.5 meters. In the white Arnenit (pinus peuce) the height meters. The tree floor constructs edible species such as Qarri (quercus of illegal logging of forests. The use of forests has been done in order to reaches up to 20 meters, as the edifice is the type of Kërlekës (pinus cerris), Bungu (Qurcus Petraea), Shpardhi (quercus frainetto), Ahu meet the current social interests, while not respecting the principle of mugo). On the floor of herbaceous plants there are 55 most common (fagetum montanum), Vodhëviçja (sorbus torminalis), Bliri gjethegjerë sustainable conservation and use. This has, to a certain extent, affected types of species: Luzula forest (luzula sylvatica), Drdhëza (fragaria (tilia platophyllos). the change and composition of forest types, the quality of communities vesca), mountain Haraqina (valeriana montana), Alpine bush and their horizontal and vertical extent. Damages caused by the The forest belt of Beech (hypericum alpigenum), Kamarosha forest (geranium sylvaticum), anthropogenic factor are particularly noticed in the oak communities The beech forest floor is next to the oak forests and lies at an altitude of Mëlaka bullgare (geum bullgaricum), Homogne alpine (alpogne alpine), (quercus) and chestnut. Some of these communities, as a result of 900-1320 meters in all the exposures, with a total forest cover of 80-100%. Gentiana of As-klepit (Gentiana asclepiadea), Lulemiza forest degradation, have been transformed into coppice, bushes or bare surface The tree floor generally consists of the following species: Ahu (fagetum (myosotis sylvatica), etc. of low production potential. The forestry communities, under the montanum) rarely Panja e malit (acer pseudoplatanus), while the lower 1.2.2. Pedagogical characteristics influence of biotic and anthropogenic factors, have undergone timber floor constructs species: Frashëri (Fraxinus ornus), Bredhi i bardhë degradation and have been transformed into woodland communities of The lands have been developed from morainic deposits, colonium, (abies alba), mountain Panja (acer pseudoplatanus), Rrobulli (pinus poorly qualitative and quantitative productivity. Unlike these, we find the diabases, gabelles, granites, lime stones, calcareous limestones, dollomites heldreichii). beech communities in good shape, full height. Of them there is high and crystalline shrubs. With the increase of height, in addition to the quality technical coppices as well as some of these communities are Mixed forests of oak and conifers change of the vegetation type, the types of lands change. In the hilly belt damaged by illegal logging, so they are of low density with low qualitative with soft chestnut forests, various varieties of chestnut acidic soils have It lies on the beech floor at an altitude of 1200-1540 meters, the forest and quantitative productivity. cover is 80-100% while the height of the wooden floor ranges from 25 to been developed on silicate hills. In the clean Oak forests (quercus), 32 meters. Tree tops are most commonly used as Ahu (fagetum varieties of skeletal acid chestnut have been created. In limestone cliffs, Clean fir communities, as well as mixed sprouts and fir blends are the most montanum), Bredhi (abies alba) and Hormoqi (picea abies) as well as other fertile soils are created, while silicate rocky acidic chestnut lands are also affected category of conifers in this region, this is seen in the following species, while the bottom of the trees is made of white Shkoza (carpinus available, with Beech forest (fagetum montanum).By changing the bio- picture. betullus). climatic characteristics of the beech stalk with the rocks the amount of humus in the soil increases and thus humus acidic chestnut lands (re- The forest belt of dark Conifers growers) are created.On compact lime stones white spruce beech tree In this band dominate leafy and coniferous species. The lower coniferous lands are made of terra terraca (yellow earths). forests in smaller numbers consist of Bredhi (abies alba) both on the tree In the altitude of 1,400-1,900 meters, in mixed forests of beech and fir, floor and on the shingle floor. This composition extends to 1750 meters beech-spruce-fir, then spruce-fir, as well as of the fir, In the rock of silicate above sea level, the northwest exposure. The geological base consists of acids are created podzolnik lands with chestnut color. Pozdolnik lands are marble rocks, forest cover is about 80%, the height of the wooden floor is also characteristic of the forests of Rrobullit (Pinus heldreichii). Acid about 40 meters, and the age of about 90 years. limestone rosin is characteristic of the highest forest strain of Kërleka The other part of the forest, with a much wider area, is made up of the (pinus mugo). The main substrates on which the lands are developed are: Arnenit (pinus peuce) forests at an altitude of 1460-1800 meters. The limestone substrate, Serpentine and silicate pits. In serpentine soils, there vegetation cover is 60-100% while its height is 25-45 meters, with is no large spread and in this substrate are developed sirozem, serpentinic geological rock and silicate basis. The top of the tree is composed of: rhubins, humus silicates and chestnut ground in serpentine. Hormoqi (picea abies), white Arneni (pinus peuce), less of Bredhi (Abies alba), Ahu (Fagetum montanum), Rrobulli (pinus heildreichi).

The forest belt of Rrobulli and Arneni This forest belt lies at an altitude of 1850-1930 meters, at southeast, northeasterly and northwestern. The geological base consists of carbonates and dolomites, while the forest cover is 60-80%, with wood floor height 20-35 meters. The top of the tree is made of white Arneni →Fir damaged forests – Picea abies dhe Bredhit – abies alba (pinus peuce), rarely appears Hormoqi (picea abies). In this generation are distinguished forests with Rrobulli (pinus → Forest burning in the Park heldreichii), at an altitude of 1450-2000 meters, the geological base consists of carbonates, the total forest cover is 60-70%, and the height of the wooden floor 15-25 meters. The wooden floor is built by the Rrobulli (pinus heldreichii) and the white Arneni (pinus peuce). Heath belt with Pinus Mugo

15 Spatial Plan for the National Park "Bjeshkët e Nemuna" Institute for Spatial Planning

1.2.4. Geomorphologic features altitudes close to 30m on the valley slopes Bjeshkët e Nemuna represent one of the largest, most complex, most and their discharge interesting and beautiful mountain masses in the Balkans and beyond. into waterfalls, rapid These mountains in the territory of Kosovo begin in the SW of Gjakova water flows and (Shishman of Boka-Çerret) and continue in NE up to Mitrovica. The Eastern whirlpools (circular border extends to the Dukagjin Plain . Deepings on the rocks Due to the cross-sectional cut-off of the two canyons of Lumbardh of Peja of the bed - "kettles") and lumbardhi of Deçan, Bjeshkët e Nemuna in the territory of Kosovo are add even more to divided into three mountainous regions: Rugova Gorge - Northern Region attractiveness. - Central Region and - Southern Region Northern Region – The mountain masses lie north and north-east of Lumbardh of Peja and begin on the Dry Mountain on Dugagjini plain to

Mokna. From Mokna, this mountain belt shifts towards the south-west and goes to the Maja e re (1812 m/lmb), continues westward and through Majes Pogled (see 2155 m/lmb) to Zhleb with Ruselolia height (2138 m/lmb).

This mountainous group is also located on the west, including Shtedimi (2172 m/lmb), Hajla (2400 m/lmb), Shishka Mountain with Hasan's peak (1871 m/lmb), Mali i Bregut with Velekut peak (2015 m/lmb) and Pakleni (1376 m/lmb) Central Region –This region is made up of mountains between Lumbardh of Peja and Lumbardh of Deçan, Koprivniku with rock of Çvrlenit (2460 mlmb), Strellci Mountains (2377 m/lb), Nekut neck and Milisheveci. On its west are the Lumbardh Mountains with the Red Stone peak (2522 m/lmb), the Mountains of Nexhinat (2341 m/lmb) and Staraci (Elder 2426 m/lmb). Southern Region – It stretches south and south-west of Lumbardh of Deçan. It consists of: Deçan Mountains, Voksh Mountains (1641 m/lmb), Junik Mountains with Zogu's Rabbit Peak (2296 m/lmb), Gjeravica (2656 m/lmb), Bogiçevica (2103 m/lmb) Ropes peak (2505 m/lmb), Dog's peak (2406 m/lmb) and Marjashi (2530 m/lmb). →Hypsometry of the terrain Mountains, valleys, gorges, canyons, caves etc. are the main morphological elements that determine the physiognomy of the landscapes of the Bjeshket e Nemuna. In the morphology of Bjeshkët e Nemuna almost all the processes of external and internal factors during the geological past are synthesized. The relief of Bjeshkët e Nemuna, as a geomorphologic complex, characterize numerous and different forms of tectonic, glacial, fluvial, karstic and denudation. These genetically different forms are often combined and complemented by giving different landscapes to Bjeshkët e Nemuna and special views with circles, glacial valleys, morena, lime, etc. as a result of glacial processes in Pleistocene. Rugova Gorge is the most beautiful and most attractive gorge of Kosovo, from Peja to Bjelluhë, about 22 km long, with deep steep slopes and narrow bottom. At the bottom of about 6 km, it is deepened in limestone cliffs (over 1200 m deep) in the form of a typical canyon, almost vertical slopes that straighten up the narrow riverbed. Water resources at

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From the karst format, the Radavc cave is 750m high, from which begins the main channel which branches in the side channels. In the cave are • Aquifers with intergranular porosity discovered galleries, halls, bathtubs, lakes and so on. Most of the cave is adorned with drapery and stalactites and stalagmites. There are caverns • Cleavage porosity aquifers and cavities in the ravine of the valley in the Rugova Gorge and Deçan • Karst porosity aquifers Bistrica, in those parts of which are constructed of limestone rocks. • Terrain without water

1.2.5. Geological characteristics →Geological construction

Bjeshkët e Nemuna for geological-geomorphologic construction are new mountains. They are characterized by highly diverse geological structures and complexes composed mainly of sedimentary and metamorphic rocks and less of those volcanic. The oldest formations are those of the Paleozoikut prevalent mainly in the mountains of Deçan, Gjeravica, Kozhnjer, Ropa's peak. To a lesser extent, they also spread to the north, as well as to the left side of Lumbardh of Peja, Shtupë e Madhe and Reka e Allagës. They are represented by sand, resin, etc. Triassic –The Triassic rock formations spread to Mount Hajla, Lumëbardh Mountains and Rugova Gorge.Represented by sand, cobwebs, conglomerates, limestones, dolomites, diabases, glabrous, peridotites, quartz atephrite, granite and crystalline resins peridotites. Sub-Middle Triassic is widespread in the Batuse settlement (south) and in the Junik, Vokshi and Strellc (north) Mountains, represented by volcanogenic sedimentary series, limestone, dolomite, serpentinite, diabase, granite and quartzporfire. Middle Triassic spreads to the Mountains of Zhlebit, Hajle, and Rugova Gorge.It is represented by volcanogenic-sedimentary formations, limestone, hornbeam etc. Upper Triassic spreads to the Lumbardh Mountains, Koprivnik, Dry Mountain and Rugova Gorge., that is epresented with layered and massive ash and reddish limestone. Jurasiku – Jurassic formations are widespread in the surroundings of Kuqishtë settlement. The underground geological construction of the Bjeshkët e Nemuna area is diverse but there is a lack of deep exploration of mineral resources.Based on the Authority of the Independent Commission for Mines and Minerals of Kosovo (ICMM), it is assumed that in the territory of the NP "Bjeshket e Nemuna", mainly in the south-eastern part of the Park are identified the main minerals represented by: lime, marble, sand, gravel, asbestos, pyrite, talcum and sientiti.

1.2.6. Hydrogeological characteristics The hydrogeological characteristics of the area of the National Park "Bjeshkët e Nemuna" were treated based on available data and field →Underground assets research during the process of drafting the profile of the Spatial Plan of the National Park "Bjeshkët e Nemuna". Based on the archive documentation (projects, elaborates, maps and profiles) and estimates made directly on the ground, while considering the geological, lithological, structural and tectonic constructions, in the park area four types of aquifers (watercourse horizons) are distinguished:

17 Spatial Plan for the National Park "Bjeshkët e Nemuna" Institute for Spatial Planning

Aquifers with intragranular porosity – Aquifers that are connected to the or in limestone contact deposits of this complex are generally porous and mainly contain prelatic with shrinkage type waters. This type of aquifer has limited spread in the park zone, it is formations or irresistible flushable formations, at mainly localized in the southern and south-western side. It is assessed to low hippo metric levels. be high and medium impeccable water, with filtration coefficient of, Kf ” > The flows of these -5 10 m / s. In litho logical aspect, it is composed of sand, sand and gravel, sources fluctuate from gravel, semi-tied sandstone gravel, clayey and lyre. 20 to 100 l / s up to 10 m3 / s. In the vertical profile dominate the gravels, sandstones with different granulations. There are also other members in the alluvial complex such as: clays, clayey sands with gradual passage in sand and gravel. The → Hydro geologic units exploitable reservoirs of this aquifer are formed on account of surface water infiltration and as such represent an interest in their use for drinking water and other requirements. These aquifers are characterized by the The particular feature of following key features: the karst type source is • Are waters free of pressure (free level) the large fluctuation • Water level fluctuations mainly depends on atmospheric rainfall flow amplitude. • Its regime depends on geographic position, climate, relief, hydrographic Based on the overall network, land cover etc. geological and hydro • The water level horizon is aligned with the food area geological • have generally hydraulic connections with river water characteristics, as well as • They feed from the river and feed the river with water, respectively the spatial position during dry and rainy seasons. where the aquatic karst is located in the park area, it is concluded that Aquifer with cracking porosity - This type of aquifer is widespread in rocks this type of aquifer is with cracks (limestone, sandstone, marble, conglomerates, plutonic rocks, mainly fed by rain and etc.). They spread to the mountains of Kozhnjer, Deçan, Kuqisht, Gjeravice snow. The type of karstic and Vokshi. The rock formations that make up this aquifer are aquifer is most characterized by weak accumulation of groundwater. The filtration important in terms of coefficient ranges from 10-5 to 10-9 m / s. The rocks of this aquifer are groundwater in the area compact, with relatively high cracking rates and subject to mechanical and of the "Bjeshkët e physicochemical changes, these rocks on their surface undergo decay and Nemuna" National Park. have a proliferation of granulation weakness. This degree of degradation Today, from the sources during cracking enables the introduction of water inside them into the of water coming out of suture systems that are interconnected and thus favor the formation of this aquifer, drinking the type of aquifers with cracks. The water sources that drain from this water supplies many aquifer have a low water supply of 0.1 to 1 lit / s rarely up to 10 lit / s. It settlements inside and can be said that the cracking type is a very specific type of aquifer in terms outside the national of water resource reserves and conditions of their formation. From the park area The economic aspect of water resources, this type of aquifer does not have any valorization and significant significance within the park area. exploitation of water Aquifer with karst porosity - In terms of hydrogeology, lime stones and from this waterfall marbles that make up this aquifer are characterized by abundant karstic would increase the value groundwater resources. It is widespread in the park area, mainly in the not only of the park but western parts of the park area in: Peja Mountains, Hasani's peak, Rusolia, also of the surrounding Mokna. Lime stones are quite karstified and are distinguished by their area. characteristic shape (canals, caves, caves, etc.), which has conditioned the formation of large reservoirs of groundwater. Filtration coefficient ranges from 10 - 3 to 10 - 9 m / s. The largest numbers of ground water sources Terrains without water - are connected to this aquifer, which have high flow and sustainable Parts of terrains without capacity. Sources emerge in the erosion of carbonate rocks - river valleys, water (very small

18 Spatial Plan for the National Park "Bjeshkët e Nemuna" Institute for Spatial Planning aquifers) are relatively large spread in the park area. They stretch from the 2.04 m3 / s, shows a volume of water of 386.3 * 106 m3at the outlet south to the west. In the litho logic aspect, they are constructed in (discharge) through the ground flow (river). Paleozoic formations, represented by riddles, epidemics, filter, sand, meta- Istog river stems from the slopes of the Mokna Mountains, with a conglomerates, meta-gabro, diabase, meta-basalt, metamorphic series, catchment area of 446.7 km2. It is mainly a field stream with an average porphyridines, strallores, diabases, , Magmatic rocks, fly ash and similar slope of 14m / km. In the upper part the river bed reaches a width of series, which according to their hydro geological properties appear as a about 4 m, while in the middle and lower part, the width ranges from 1 to hydro geological isolator. They have a filtration coefficient <10-9 m / s. The 6 m. porosity of these rocks, both primary and secondary, within these rocks cannot form important water reservoirs. In the surface parts of the terrain, In the mountainous complex of the Bjeshket e Nemuna there is a large due to the intense destruction of rock masses, there may be number of lakes of glacial origin popularly known as "the eyes of accumulations of certain quantities of water reserves, which will attract mountains". Lakes for their genesis have great scientific and educational attention for detailed hydro geological researches. significance. Glaciers and branches of the Drini i Bardhe that are formed in the mountain complex of the Bjeshkët e Nemuna have natural predispositions 1.2.7. Hydrological features for the erection of mini-hydroelectric power plants with local power. Water in the “Bjeshket e Nemuna” National Park can be treated as:

• Natural resources → Source of Drini i Bardhë • Unique phenomena or objects with attractive source value • Integral part or a component of ecosystems, objects, phenomena and Lumëbardhi i Pejës stems in Usovishtë, at an altitude of 1932 meters. It forms its flow by cutting the limestone formations of the Gryka e Rugoves spaces with special value for protection. in the form of canyons. The water catchment of this river is 503.5km2. The national park area has a rather dense hydrographic network. The park Measurements at the Hydrometric Station Gryka have shown that the flow is lined with several rivers such as the Istog River, Lumëbardhi i Pejës, - outlet (outlet) of the water are: Q. Mes. vjet. -. . .annual average = 6.21 Deçan, Lloqani, Ereniku and so on. It also has some small rivers, as well as m3 / s. The water flow of 6.21 m3 / s, it shows a volume of outlet water some streams with permanent and temporary flows. All of the park's (discharge) through the surface flow (river) of: 195.83 * 106 m3. The watercourses are oriented from the west to east and southeast flows that measurements at the Drelaj Hydrometric Station have shown that the flow are discharged into the Drini i Bardhe River, which represents the main - discharge flow is: mean = 4,33 m3 / s. Water flow of 4.33 m3 / s indicates catchment area of the Dukagjini Basin. All river springs are situated at a volume of water at the outlet (discharge) through the ground flow (river) altitudes above 1000 m, flowing through the deep and narrow valleys of of: 136.55 * 106 m6 the mountain complexes of the park. Lumëbardhi i Deçanit is formed by two rivers; Kozhnjerit (right) and The upper part of the rivers is characterized by rapid and rush flow and Marjashi (left). It has a watershed surface of 278.3 km2. It is mountainous flowing towards the lowlands of the Rrafshi i Dukagjinit (middle and lower river and it forms a narrow and deep valley with an average slope 80 m / streams), the bed of these rivers begins to expand, the speed of their flow km upstream. The measurements at Deçan's Hydrometric Station have decreases and the Erosive material, which they carry, is deposited. The shown that the flow-outflow of water is: Qmes.vjet.=4,64 m3/s. Water flow water from these rivers from the source to the middle stream is estimated of 4,64 m3 / s, indicates an outlet volume (water flow) of 146,32 * 106 m3 to have good quality. The rivers on both sides (wings) are joined by a large through the river. number of watercourses (small rivers and streams). Floods with their dynamic activity had and still have an important role today in shaping and modeling the relief within the park area by further adding to the values of →Heart Lake this park. Lumëbardhi i Lloqanit stems from the slopes of Kurvallë, Dervishkom, Stanishtës së Zogut and the Hasanagë Gurrat at the altitude of 2100m. The Lloqani River Basin traverses the villages of Hulaj, Lloqan, Era Carrabreg, Prejlep Rastavica, Baballoq, Gramaqel and Jasić. This river, besides watering the fields of these villages, its water is used for irrigation of many other villages such as: Pobergjë, Voksh, Sllup, Dranoc etc. The Lloqan River bed is partly regulated. Dams have been erected in Hulaj and Lloqan to prevent the erosion of the river bed and its banks. Erenik River stems from the mountains of Junik and Vokshi under the Dervish Kam peak (2256 m). It is about 51 km long and the surface of the basin is 515.5 km2. The upper part is characterized by a high erosion rate by carrying and depositing erosive material on its flat part. The measurements at the Deçan hydrometric station have shown that the flow - outlet of the water are: Q. Mes. Vjet. = 2.04 m3 / s. The water flow of

19 Spatial Plan for the National Park "Bjeshkët e Nemuna" Institute for Spatial Planning

Water resources - Based on the existing data within the border of the priority to the construction of small hydro power plants by private sector The climatic parameters of the Bjeshkët e Nemuna mountain complex can "Bjeshkët e Nemuna" National Park there are about 730 water resources. investment. be estimated from the aspect of climatic position, role of orographic Water flows (water supply capacity) fluctuate from 0.03 to 3000 l / s. The conditions as climatic factor, average and extreme values of climatic In this aspect, within the territory of Bjeshket e Nemuna National Park 21 pH value varies from 5 to 7. The water from these sources has high quality elements, climate impact on vegetation, formation of authentic potential hydro points have been determined with a total of 53.64 MgË and does not require high-cost treatment and processing measures. landscapes as component of ecosystems, Phenomenon and spaces of The map below shows the spatial extent of planned points for the particular value as well as the recreation and tourism importance of the Source of “Drini i Bardhe” is the source of contact between the limestone construction of hydropower plants. climate. and the diabase - strata formation. The water temperature is 7˚C, while the pH value is 6.5. Systematic measurements performed in the period Water resources in the Bjeshkët e Nemuna Park are of great interest for The Bjeshkët e Nemuna mountain complex is differentiated with laryphs of 1954-1970 have shown that the average monthly value varies from 1.0 m3 the development of renewable energy. There are rivers with more flow in climate, morpho-hydric and biodiversity conditions. Bjeshkët e Nemuna, / s to 21 m3 / s, while the average annual value varies from 3.5 m3 / s to -8 the area, and what matters is the considerable geodetic potential, so the with their aerographic role, make possible the creation of different m3 / s. Water from this source is used for water supply, irrigation and hydroelectric gradient (kh / km2) is maximal. climatic types in a relatively small space. electricity generation This area includes rivers: Lumëbardhi i Pejës, Lumëbardhi i Deçanit, The emphasized vertical swelling of Bjeshkët e Nemuna sets out distinct The source of Istog stems at an altitude of 530 m, in contact with Lumëbardhi i Lloçanit and Ereniku. From all rivers of this area, an average changes in climatic elements with increasing altitude. limestone, shingles and ridge formations. The water catchment is annual output of about 194 million cubic meters per year can be obtained, Bjeshket e Nemuna are characterized by the highest amount of estimated to be 76 km2. The systematic measurements of water flows at divided by the following rivers: atmospheric rainfall and the highest number of precipitation days (over this source were carried in two periods: from 1933 to 1941 and 1953- 1. Lumëbardhi of Peja can provide an annual production of 79 mil. kWh / 130 days). Bjeshket e Nemuna are also characterized by the high turnout 1959. It is concluded that annual average inflows range from 2.4 to 4 m3 / year. of snowfall. While in the lower parts of Kosovo there are on average 20-30 s. Water from this source is used for drinking water supply, irrigation of 2. Lumëbardhi i Deçanit can provide about 64 mil. kWh / year. days of snowfall, in the Bjeshkët e Nemuna, depending on the altitude, are agricultural lands, electricity generation, fish farming etc. 3. Lumbardhi i Lloçanit can provide about 14 mil. kWh / year present for 40-80 days. The average length of snowfall in Dukagjini is 40 The source of Vrella emerges from the karst limestone and the dolerite- 4. Erenik River can provide about 37 mil. kWh / year. days, whereas in the Bjeshket e Nemuna, depending on Sea level, the strata formation. Inflows were measured in the period 1961-1963 and a average length is 60-210 days. flow rate (capacity) of 0.12 to 1.5 m3 / s was observed, which is → Hydro-electric potential at në Park The main climatic elements of the Bjeshkët e Nemuna mountain complex characteristic of karst springs. Water from this source is used for drinking have the following values: exposed to the sun, according to the water supply, irrigation of agricultural land, fish farming etc. geographical latitude, altitude and the real exposition to the sun is Sources of “Uji i Bardh” dhe “Uji i Zi” are located in the southern part of approximately 44% of the potential value (4459 sunny hours). This value Mount Rusolija and Hasani’ source. The eastern border represents the varies from mountain radius (1945 hours) to approximately 2200 hours of Miocene sediments, which are transgressively extended over the sunshine over 2000m above sea level. limestone of the Triassic. The eastern and western boundaries make up Temperature, annual average value of air temperature in the mountainous the dolerite - stallor formations. According to the data found, the area is about 10.2 0C, while in altitudes above 2000 is around 50C, the minimum flows of the "White Water" source are; Q min = 64 l / s, while annual amplitudes are reduced by increasing of the altitude from 21.3 0C "Uji i Zi" has a flow of Q = 245 l / s. Maximum inflows; The "Uji i bardhe" to the mountainous roots, up to 17 oC, in most high parts, the warmer source Qmax = 252 l / s and "Uji i Zi", Q = 413 l / s. Water flowing from month is July and January is the coldest one. these sources is used for drinking water supply and irrigation of agricultural lands. Atmospheric precipitation ranges from 1000 mm in the mountain radius to 1500 mm in areas standing 2000 meters above the sea level, reaching the Mineral sources of Decan Monastery - this mineral spring from the maximum value at the western edge of the Bistrica River in Deçan. The limestone massif, on the left side of the river. It is a carsick type source. snow cover over 2000 m reaches roughly 60% of the year. The water from these lime stones emerges from some cracks and flaws on the surface of the earth and a part in the river alluviums. The pumping test In most part of Bjeshkët e Nemuna, noted frequency contain the winds proved to have the capacity of Q = 16 l / s during pumping, 180 meters from west, southwest, and northeastern. Generally, the northeastern below there was no water flow, and in the 175th meter the flow of water component of winds has a greater frequency in winter, while the was Q = 1.4 l / s. Over 170 m, the capacity was Q = 5.6 l / s, in the 80th southwest wind during summer and autumn. meter of, Q = 7.0 l / s and above 31 m, the water flow was Q = 16 l / s.

1.2.8. Hydro-electricity power Based on the first feasibility studies on water resources for "small" hydropower plants, 77 locations were identified in Kosovo, with a capacity of 128 MW. The Government of Kosovo's policy is to promote energy production from alternative sources including water. To this end, a strategy for energy development has been developed, which has given 1.2.9. Climate

20 Spatial Plan for the National Park "Bjeshkët e Nemuna" Institute for Spatial Planning

1.2.10. Erosion 1.2.11. Seismic zones Based on the seismic tectonic map for the 500 year period, the maximum intensity in the park area and around it is 8 degrees Mercalli in the Peja Erosion lies in the areas of farmland, cultivated or abandoned, in forest district, while in most of the territory of the park is VI Merkali scale and 5 and meadow lands, river beds, streams and lands around them. The Mercalli scale in the western edge. damage caused by it affect not only the agriculture, forestry but also other fields of the economy, such as urbanism, transport, construction and The results of the conducted analyzes provide the necessary data for energy. structural calculations based on the rules of technical standards for the construction of constructions in seismic zones. If calculations are applied The destructive eradication effect is a result of natural climatic factors, based on Euro code 8, the IZIS study will be used to support mainly influenced by the quantity, type, intensity and duration of documentation on bases where seismic forces can be calculated according precipitation, type and extent of soil coverage, soil slope and petrologic to Euro code 8. composition as well as by human factor (illegal deforestation, gravel extraction, overgrazing, construction works without criteria etc.). Based on the calculated PGA acceleration point, the seismic situation is as following:: The following table presents the modeling of 4 erosion scales based on some hypothetical parameters presenting the potential erosion scales • The north and north-western part lies in the Vth Mercalle scale of within the national park. hazardous areas and includes all Rugova villages and parts of the Istog Municipality. In the Vith scale of Merkalli includesa part of the

territory of the Municipality of Peja and Decan. Nr Scale ha % • The acceleration point is slightly higher in the Municipality of 1 Low erosion 4816 8 Junik and in a part of Decani, while the highest risk area is in 2 Middle erosion 5242 8 Koshare in the Municipality of Gjakova. 3 High erosion 6471 10 →Seismic zones 4 Very high erosion 46405 74 → Calculations pursuant to SES (ALUP)

According to the study data, areas endangered by strong and very strong erosion in the "Bjeshkët e Nemuna" NT compose 52876 ha or 84% of the total area. Calculations were made pursuant to SES (amount of rainfall, slope of soil →Land sensitivity to erosion and pedagogical composition).

→Erosion in Park

21 Spatial Plan for the National Park "Bjeshkët e Nemuna" Institute for Spatial Planning

1.2.12. Land use 71.6% and with a stretch across the park. Forests are at the same time the Further on, we will discuss the relationship between pastures and largest natural resource and the largest spatial structure in the park. They settlements with other physical-geographic factors that are related to the

consist mainly of oak forests (weeping, oak, broadleaf), beech, etc. And topography of the terrain. The reason for the separation of these two 6 main categories (main classes) have been provided here of use or conifers (stone pine, mountain pine, etc.). Forests, being the main natural classes of land use is because these two typologies have more specific coverage of land in the "Bjeshkët e Nemuna "National Park. These resource in the park territory, at the same time are the most threatened characteristics of exploitation in relation to the physicochemical factors of categories are forests, pastures, peaks, lakes, settlements and quarries. by unmanaged use and mismanagement. This environmental spatial the relief and the human needs. The difference between pasture areas Other categories, such as roads and water flows, are not part of the land structure is endangered, damage is seen everywhere in the park. Based on between the general land use table and other tables is caused due to the use categorization; they are only presented as lines on the land use map. field observations, assisted by photogrammetric analysis in GIS, it is noted inconsistency of the scale and the construction of raster cal ground and The dominant categories were generally given as well as the proportion that the greatest damage to forests is done for the purpose of providing pastures vectors. between these categories. wood for heating and its use in construction and less in the industry.

Forests - Is a special category in the nomenclature of land use and The forest area is also associated with many other aromatic plants and The ratio between pastures and hypsometry of the terrain indicates the represent wood vegetation, which mainly consists of conifers, oak forests mountain fruits that have extensive use, ranging from household to the opportunities and limitations that the topographical factors represent in and other wood vegetation or bushes. The design methodology includes food and pharmaceutical industries. One of these plants, which is of great their use during the year. The greater the level above the sea, the more all types of forests without exceptions, which make up a unique spatial importance to the economy of the inhabitants living in the park, is limited is the time of livestock in the pastures and vice versa. structure blueberry, raspberry and other similar plants. →The ratio between pastures and hypsometry of the terrain Pastures - are a special category of herbaceous vegetation and consist Among the most present disasters in the park area, which are directly mainly of pastures and meadows. This category includes all pastures, linked to the underlying forests, are the fires and landslides. Due to the whether or not they are currently utilized, but which are potentially useful lack of accurate information or research, it not precisely known how much for their use. damage cause these factors to the forests, but what is known is that the forests are occasionally damaged by intentional fires and landslides as a Peaks - are the highest mountain peaks and other rugged terrain or other result of excavations for opening new roads or expanding them, as well as areas of eroded, alternating, collapsed, which are vegetation-free or other constructions. slightly covered areas. In these spaces, usually microclimate prevails and other exogenous factors that do not allow their use for the needs of Based on the area, pastures follow the forests with 15,520ha or 24.6%, human activities. and are no less important than forests. They also present a good development potential for agriculture and especially for livestock on the Lakes - are hydrographic objects with fresh water and which are bordered territory of the park. Meadows and pastures, although fundraisers are by land. Lakes in the area of "Bjeshkët e Nemuna" NP area are mainly considerable, not all of them are utilized. Water or water resources are glacial lakes which are created as a result of ice activity. Based on the equally important for use as the pastures themselves. Since the terrain is dimensions, the lakes are different, whether in size, depth and durability. mainly composed of limestone cliffs, the ground waters are lost in depth Some of these lakes during summer time, especially during dry summers, and thus in some cases create very unfavorable conditions for the also drain. formation of permanent water resources. Settlements - in this case mainly consist of residential buildings, mountain The peaks in regarding the share compared to the other categories of land huts and other objects with certain developments (industrial, commercial use in the park come after pastures. This category participates with or service activities). In the territory of the national park there is a total 1883ha or 2.9%. The peaks mainly lie at high altitude and have large number of 21 official settlements (according to 2011 census). slopes. In most cases they are part of the toughest areas. By exploitation, Quarries- are the places where economic activities of the extraction and taking into account their geographic extent and their physiographic processing of limestone or grit on the surface of the earth are developed. characteristics, the peaks are unusable, but represent a particular feature in other fauna or floristic aspects as part of specific biotopes and are integral part of the ecosystem as a whole in the park. Spatial fragmentation Category ha % unit The number of settlements in the park is 21, while the number of Forests 45,166.63 71.66 734 identified urban or rural spatial structures is 1006 fragmentation units. Their share of land use is 438.7 he or 0.70% of the total. In this category Pastures 15,520.18 24.62 879 apart from settlements, there are mountain huts or other forms of Peaks 1,883.57 2.99 47 seasonal housing, hotels, commercial, industrial, service, religious, and Lakes 9.35 0.01 16 other facilities. The ratio between the quantitative size of settlements with Settlements 438.77 0.70 1006 the number of fragmentation units is very large, one of the largest Quarry 9.40 0.01 4 showing the large distribution of this structure on the surface unit, and Total 63,027.90 100.00 2686 this is more pronounced in the settlements that lie in the river basin →Land use categories Lumbardhi i Pejës, namely on the northern side of the Rugova Valley. The table above shows the amount of land use in the park. The forests cover the overwhelming space of the park, with a share of 45.166 he or

22 Spatial Plan for the National Park "Bjeshkët e Nemuna" Institute for Spatial Planning

No. Hypsometry gradient hectare % As it can be seen in the 1 Nën - 600m 1.00 0.01 above table, there is a 2 600.1 - 700m 39.50 0.25 link between the level 3 700.1 - 800m 85.75 0.55 above the sea level and 4 800.1 - 900m 99.00 0.64 pastures, the greater 5 900.1 - 1,000m 70.00 0.45 the altitude, the greater 6 1,000.1 - 1,250m 354.75 2.28 the area of pastures. 7 1,250.1 - 1,500m 1681.25 10.80 →Land use 8 1,500.1 - 1,750m 3401.50 21.84 9 1,750.1 - 2,565m 9795.25 62.90 Total 15528.00 100.00 As it can be seen in the table above, there is a link between the altitude and the pastures, the higher the altitude, the more the area of pastures. The overwhelming majority of the areas under pastures or 63% of pastures (9826 he) lies above the altitude of 1750m, while with the decrease of hypsometry, the fund of pasture areas is reduced. In the altitude between 1500 and 1750m, 22% of the pasture areas u, while in the altitude from 1000 m to 1500 m contains about 12% of the pasture areas or 2040.75 ha. Under the altitude 1000 m, there are 1,9% of pastures of the park or 295.57 he. The ratio between the slope of the terrain and the pastures indicates the possibility of using pastures conditioned by the degree of slope of the terrain. It is known that increasing the slope of the terrain limits the possibility of using pastures due to the energy that livestock loses while grazing. Also in pastures other than slopes, there are also distances to water springs.

No. Scale ha % 1 0.00 - 2.00 76 0.49 2 2.0 - 5.00 430.5 2.77 3 5.0 - 8.00 937.75 6.04 4 8.0 - 15.00 4468 28.77 5 15.0 - 30.00 8610 55.45 6 mbi 300 1005.75 6.48 Total 15528 100.00

→The ratio between the slope of the terrain and the pastures

23 Spatial Plan for the National Park "Bjeshkët e Nemuna" Institute for Spatial Planning

24 Spatial Plan for the National Park "Bjeshkët e Nemuna" Institute for Spatial Planning

0 0 More than half of the pastures lie on the 15 – 30 slope, which does not No. % Scale hectare % .→ Ratio between the slope of the area and settlements pose any major problems, while limiting to some extent the livestock 1 0.12 - 3.5 < 2 1.75 0.40 production potential without jeopardizing it. 39% of the pastures or 5912.25ha of them lie on slopes with a slope of up to 150. Untreated herds 2 3.6 - 8.8 2 deri 5 14.25 3.24 lie on slopes with a slope of over 300 and attract more than 6% or 3 8.9 - 14 5 deri 8 31.5 7.16 1005.75ha. 4 15 - 27 8 deri 15 178 40.45 Another important comparison with regard to the pastures is their ratio 5 28 - 58 15 deri 30 213.25 48.47 with the exposure. This is related to the durability and sustainability of 6 59 - 360 mbi 30 1.25 0.28 snow on pastures and the emergence of the latter for livestock Total 440 100.00 exploitation. It is known that northern exposures tend to hold snow more →Ratio between pastures and exposition than southern exposures, but also western and eastern exposures. The From the table and chart data it follows that about 55% of the pastures or following table shows the relationship between pastures and exposure. 8681 hectares of them lie on the southern and western exposure, while Another important comparison with regard to the pastures is their ratio about 45% or 6847 hectares of them lie in northern and eastern No. Exposition ha % exposures. 1 North 1066 6.87 In addition to pastures and settlements, it is important to treat them in 2 North – east 1976 12.73 No. Hypsometric gradient ha % 3 East 3017.25 19.43 1 < 600 0.25 0.06 4 South – east 2873.25 18.50 2 600.1 - 700 3.25 0.74 5 South 2695.75 17.36 3 700.1 - 800 7 1.59 → Extension of settlements according to the slope of the area 6 South - west 1934 12.45 4 800.1 - 900 5 1.14 7 West 1178 7.59 5 900.1 - 1,000 14.25 3.24 Another physical-geographic factor of the topography of the terrain, which has great importance in expanding and settling the settlements, is also the 8 North - west 787.75 5.07 6 1,000.1 - 1,250 36.25 8.24 exposition. Exposure is also a determinant factor of the microclimate of a Total 15528 100.00 7 1,250.1 - 1,500 74.5 16.93 with the exposure. This is related to the durability and sustainability of locality or even of a settlement. Settlements that have southern, 8 1,500.1 - 1,750 128 29.09 snow on pastures and the emergence of the latter for livestock use. It is southeastern or southwest exposure have more favorable microclimatic known that northern exposures tend to hold snow more than southern 9 1,750.1 - 2,565 171.5 38.98 conditions, where facilities are created for the management of their exposures, but also western and eastern exposures. The following table Total 440 100.00 infrastructure, there is less heating costs, springs come earlier, better shows the relationship between pastures and exposure. relation to the hypsometry, inclination and terrain exposures. Within the No. Exposition ha % park we have mainly hilly and mountainous settlements and temporary or → Ratio between pastures and exposition 2 North 44.25 10.06 permanent settlements that extend over 1500m above sea level. 3 Northeast 102.75 23.35 Settlements are of a dispersed type where units of the same habitat are 4 East 99.5 22.61 characterized by significant topographic changes, so it is important to make the calculations per hectare unit and the spatial structure of 5 Southeast 42.5 9.66 settlements, where there are separate units of this category that are 6 South 55.75 12.67 within one hectare. The calculations include all the characteristics 7 Southwest 40.5 9.20 specified in the classification typology above. 8 West 31.25 7.10 GIS analysis shows that most of the settlements or built-up areas that are 9 Northwest 23.5 5.34 included in the settlement class are located at an altitude of over 1000m, Total 440 100.00 68.07 % or 299.5 hectares of it are located at an altitude above 1500m, agricultural outputs,and it also increases the possibility of cultivating a while only 6.77 % or 19.25 hectares of them are under 1000m altitude. variety of trees and plants. →Ratio between the area and hypsometry → Ratio between settlements / exposition of the area In addition to hypsometry, the relationship between settlements or the The table above shows that 38.75 % or 170.5 hectares of settlement area foot of the settlement and the slope of the terrain is also important. liea on the north, northwest, and northeastern exposure. Under these Legally, with the hypotometric scale rise, the conditions and the physical- conditions and above sea level of 100 0m, the conditions for living during geographic factors are also harsh, giving less opportunities for more flat the winter season are subject to many conditions and difficulties, such as terrain and terrains with slight slope. From the following table it is the possibility of movement or mobility, the maintenance of technical understood that 48.47% of settlements or 213.25 hectares lie on terrains infrastructure, the cost of energy spent on heating, etc. The rest has or slopes with a slope of 150 to 300, while 4.45 % of it or 178 hectares lie favorable exposure, ranging from the east exposure of 22.61 % or 99.5 on 80-150 slopes. 10.8% or 47.5 hectares of the area of settlements lies hectares, south-east, south-west and southwestern with 31.53% or 138.75 under 80 slopes.

25 Spatial Plan for the National Park "Bjeshkët e Nemuna" Institute for Spatial Planning hectares and in western exposure we have only 5.34% or 23.5 ha of The Patriarchate of Peja is one of the most important monuments (SPA), settlements. with a high ecclesiastical culture belonging to the Byzantine-Romanesque period from the 13th to the 14th centuries. It has a surface area of 231

hectares, of which 111.12 hectares (48%) of its surface is located within 1.2.13. Cultural heritage the "park", namely near Lumbardh of Peja, at the entrance of Rugova ravine. It is a complexity made up of four churches: the church of St.

Apostle, Saint Demetrius, Saint Mary and St. Nicholas. The churches have a cubit shape and a typical Byzantine style architecture. The park is relatively rich in cultural heritage. Evidence of an early Deçan Monastery (SPA) lies across the Bjeshkët e Nemuna mountain historical and cultural civilization are outfits with country features, dances, slope, in the western part of Kosovo, it was built in the middle of the 16th customs, traditions, religious rites, festivals, archaeological sites, churches, century. XIV. The style of the architecture of this monastery is Romano - mosques, cemeteries, houses of traditional architecture, towers, and Gothic, rich in frescoes, which contain individual descriptions of saints, handicrafts which compose the richness of settlements that lie within the sculptures and numerous icons of the sixteenth century. XIV-XVII. The →Deçan Monastery park and arount it. monastery has an area of 791 hectares, 638.83 hectares (81%) is located within the territory of "Park". Monuments within the park with protection status are: Peja Patriarchy and Deçan Monastery, ruins of a "gradina" settlement on the ravine of Gjeravica highest point, ruins of the fort in Lipë and Koshare village, cave of monks in the ravine of Rugova (known by the locals as the cave of the quenn), the ruins of the Qatari church in Lipë and the church in Kuqishtë, Municipality of Peja. (For more information, see the appendix to this document where is the list of cultural heritage with temporary protection, within the park and near around it.) Due to the value, architecture and historical significance, two cultural monuments within the park are designated as "Special Protected Areas" (SPA). They are: Patriarchate of Peja and Decani Monastery;

1.2.14. Cultural heritage near the park The vast majority of cultural heritage assets are located in settlements that lie near the park. Cultural values reflect the history of these areas, create a special atmosphere and attract many tourists from different land regions. 1.2.14.1. Settlements and their facilities of cultural heritage Settlements close to the park are a rich source of cultural and historical, material and spiritual heritage of different periods, which are distinguished by value, quality, and historical significance. Archaeological finds show that urban life has been organized since ancient times, since the Illyrian, Roman, Byzantine, Slavic, and Turkish periods. Typology of villages has been developed depending on the natural conditions and especially based on the geographic position where they lie. Villages in the vicinity of the urban area are mainly settlements with a higher density of residence than mountain villages that have a disaggregated character and with less density of inhabitants.

→Patriarchate of Peja

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The map "Existing status of CH and NH" presents its spatial spans in the park and in the settlements near the park. The park is included in the territory of five municipalities, such as the municipalities of Istog, Peja, Deçan, Junik and Gjakova. Below are the more detailed maps of the parts of the territories of the municipalities that participate in the territory of the national park where the settlements near the park are presented with the objects and cultural heritage ensembles that they have. Istog area – settlements near the park that are rich in cultural heritage:

1. Kaliçan is rich in archaeological →Cultural heritage - Istog sites - the Roman settlement of the 3rd century (antique period), a mosque, a tower and a trunk of natural values; Peja area – settlements near the park, rich in cultural heritage: 2. The ruins of the Paleokristian 1. Jablanica e vogel has fortifications of - "Gradina" of Dardan basilica of the Vth century the IV - VI c. and the tower of Imer Rexhep of XVIII century;; (Byzantine period - early middle age) 2. In Radac there are: Cave of Radac, fortification of late antiquity are located in Studenica; "Gjyteti" of IV - VI century; 3. Vrella is the richest settlement 3. The Church of Saint Gjergji (medieval age) is located in Sigë; of CH, where traces of antique- medieval of V = VI century (Antique 4. Lëvosha is a rich settlement mainly with ruins of medieval Period) settlements were found. - churches such as the ruins of: the Church of Saint Demetrius, St. "Main" locality at the source of Vrella, George's cemetery Church, St. Nicholas Church, medieval walls in Hvosnos Monastery (ZVM), Duarinje, St. Mark's walls, gravestone above the meadows ff the Paleokristian church, castle, mosque, Sava, the ruins of the castles; mills, towers, natural water source and 5. The Church of Holy Lady is located in Bellopoja. thermal center; 4. Lubozhda has 3 Illyrian tumulies, cent. VIII - V p.e.s (Prehistoric Period), there were also traces of the VB of the Illyrian-roman era period built with unattached stones, named "Shkembi i kroit" in the source of Lubozda. It is assumed that above Lubozhda is located the city with the foundations of the castle of the Justinian Emperor; 5. The antic locality dated V-VI century, foundations of the Paleochristian Church and the house of Ibrahim Rugova are located in Cerce.

→Existing situation of CH and NH

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→Cultural heritage - Peja Deçan area – settlements near the park rich in cultural heritage: 1. Strellci i Epërm – Ruins of late antiquity of IV – VI century. Castle of Saint. Ceni, characteristic – several castles (a relatively big village) 2. Lëbushë – Small and early settlement, mainly rich in castles, a qardak under protection; 3. Isniq – Large settlement, 3 castles, 1 mosque (mainly rich in bricks); 4. Deçan – 2 castles, 1 mill and 1 mosque. Junik area Juniku as a city has a suitable geographic position, influential in the park, with short links to the Gjocaj and Jasiq settlements located within the park, with cities like Gjakova, Deçan and Peja and the state of Albania. The part of Junik is rich in: - forests, meadows, pastures and waters; - 10 residential buildings – castle with cultural heritage value and other facilities of cultural inheritance such as: 2 tombs, 2 mosques, 1 tekke and village’s cemetery.

Gjakova area – Batusha - Fortifications, church and cemetery, and 2 towers, Mulliqi - village mosque.

→Cultural heritage - Deçan

→ Cultural heritage - Gjakovë

→Cultural heritage- Junik

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Housing as the main function of each settlement is also a key element of a Water mills are characteristic objects for these areas which once had a sustainable social, economic and environmental situation. In the villages large number of them, while today we have a very small number of active near the parks we have the type of individual housing which is dominant in water mills and are mainly used for maize milling. Some of these mills have almost 90% of them and since early times the "castle" has been identified as a characteristic home. Castles -The Dukagjini region or settlements near the park are characterized by residential buildings or the so-called "Dukagjin Castles", which present particular importance to the cultural heritage of these parts. The castle as an Albanian dwelling, apart from being presented as a single one, can be found in complex form or as a village ensemble. Their biggest concentration is in the settlements Hulaj, Isniq, Llebushë, Lloqan, Strellc i Epërm, Voksh, Pobërgjë, Vrellë, Junik, Batushë etc. Their construction dates back to the beginning of the 19th century.

→ Castle of Dukagjinit historical values that carry a kind of identity on this area but they are mainly used for economic benefits. Vrella is a settlement that is characterized by greater number of water mills. The Mill of Qelë Bicaj is one of the oldest who is almost three hundred years old and still works today. Shabanaj's mill in Deçan today is used by the Jeta women associate for selling handicrafts and is a good example of conservation of the mills in this case by their destruction. →Corn crib of Dukagjini area

Corn crib and barns are support facilities that are rich in ornamental items Mountain huts represent a seasonal house for peasantry shelter, which is that are mainly found in settlements where agriculture is the major used for livestock grazing and other activities such as: arboriculture, activity. beekeeping, medicinal plants etc. The mountain huts lie mainly to the highest altitudes in the mountains and are used during the summer season. Some of them are also used in the form of hostels, recreational holidays throughout the year and present the potential for development of mountain tourism and economic development of the country as well. →Castle of Mazrekajve, Dranoc The castle had a multiple role. In addition to its residential function, the castle has played a role in the fortification, educational, cultural, social aspect, and inter alia played an important political role in the country.

→Berishaj’ castle, Junik Some of these towers have been restored and adopted for tourists, where it has been tried to preserve their originality, using autochthonous materials, using the following elements: sofra, spring, bassinet, basket, barn, etc. Mazrekaj Castle - Dranoc (restored in the form of guesthouses with spaces for holding meetings); Castle of Ramë Zyberi - Junik (restored in the form of hostels, with traditional food and meeting space); Castle of Isufaj - Junik (restored as Tourist Information Office), Castle of Brahim Hoxha - Oda e Junikut (restored as guesthouse) etc. This is a very good way of preserving the cultural heritage except the architectural, movable, spiritual and historical heritage of these areas.

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→Mountain huts at the park

1.2.14.2. Ethnological wealth and traditional activities Apart from the old "Castles" and some archaeological sites, these areas have a wide variety of values and rich in ethnological value. They are reflected in traditional clothing, dance, music, doctrines and customs, work tools, handicrafts (silver jewelry), weapons of various periods,

→ Traditional clothing

Traditional clothing is one of the motives that has been preserved in an original way and continues to be preserved even nowadays. Black and white color is characteristic of men's outfits, while red color dominates among women. It is also important to mention the preservation of the old- traditional food, etc. style marriage traditions that is still applied today, house order and rules, traditional dance, traditional food preparation and shepherd rituals related to sheep shearing. Traditional crafts are characteristic of these sides and are very attractive for tourists such as blacksmiths, carpenters, craftsmen, carving of wooden musical instruments. Plis [Translator’s note: white hat] is part of the national dress of men, which is distinguished in the region by its shape and color that is white. The plis is made of wool. Making plis is a downward craft and endangered → Rugova dance - part of traditional games by disappearance, so we should try to preserve this tradition further. Annual events organized through events of a special character are an Another traditional craft that is practiced on these regions is knitting of important element and affect the raising of the awareness, information textiles on the loom (embroidered shawls, silk and cotton knitwear, which and promotion of the cultural and natural heritage of this area. Such are held in the head and are usually worked with many decorations and manifestations are: the international mountaineering meeting; Organizing warmer colors. traditional games "Rugova"; Tourist fair; "Honey moon" Fair; Handicrafts Fair; The local products caravan, the Lama's Dinner, which celebrates the Food preparation is present in almost every home, restaurants offering successful season and the harvest in livestock and agriculture throughout diverse meals, which is also characterized as a region with a rich menu of the region. gastronomy. The most popular and characteristic foods are: cornbread, leqenik, kryelana, kaqamaku, flia, pogaqa, wafer, honey donut, milk, Rugova dance yogurt, cheese, maza and preparation of lamb meat. Regarding drinks, The Rugova dance is part of the culture, tradition and history of these Peja's beer, local wines such as "Merlot", "Rizling", and homemade grape regions, including traditional dancing at different festivals. Rugova dance brandy. The food and hospitality of locals is part of the centuries-old enters in the epic dance category, characterized by manhood, bravery, tradition. martial arts, and brilliance. The dance is mainly played by men such as: the "Zhdjergat" are an element of the folklore and tradition of these regions, sword and tourney dance game, as well as other dances that are combined where through Zhdjerga" dinner is expressed a form of solidarity, reward, with the women's play. sacrifice and gratitude for all the wealth they have for a year.

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1.2. 15. Natural heritage Bjeshket e Nemuna represent one of the largest, most complex, most interesting and beautiful mountain masses in the Balkans. The natural wealth of the Bjeshkët e Nemuna consists of the geomorphologic diversity and peculiarities of objects such as mountains, ravines, canyons, caves. Important localities in the park include: Kopraniku, Rusolia, Zhlebi, Maja e Leqinës, Radavci, Lokaliteti Jedova, Rrasa e Zogut, Lokaliteti Burimi i Erenikut, Gjeravica lakes. Landscapes are a part of the territory with special features of the relief, formed by a complex of ecosystems functionally integrated, including the elements of civilization. Protected landscape is a natural or artificial area with great landscape value and biological diversity or cultural-historical value or landscape with preserved unique features characteristic for the designated area dedicated for resting and recreation. The Bjeshket e Nemuna Park is rich in different types of landscapes which, depending on their importance, their characteristics and features are: natural, hydrographic, mountainous, cultural and peasant landscapes. Protected natural areas and monuments are: 1.3. POPULATION AND SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT

From the 4743 residents registered in 1971, with the 2011 census in the Peak of Ropsi, Deçan – Herbal reserve of mulch, fir, pine and beech; Park, only 476 inhabitants live currently in the park. . Kozhnjeri, Deçan - wildlife reserve of wild goat type; The birth rate is 18 promille or 1.8%, the mortality rate is 4 promille or Mountains of Prelep, Deçan - herbal reserve composed of mountain 0.44 %, while the natural increase is 13.6 prmil or 1.3 percent. maple; Regarding the age of the population, age 0-19 years is represented by

35%, age 20-64 participates with 57%, and age group over 65 years of age has lower participation or 8% of the total population.

→ Landscapes in Bjeshkët e Nemuna In ethnic terms, settlements within the National Park "Bjeshkët e Nemuna" Thermal Centers - The frequent thermal-mineral resources in Kosovo are a have a fairly homogenous population where 97.5% (2011) of the result of volcanic intensive activity and numerous tectonic processes in its population are Albanians, while other minorities are Egyptian and so on. geological past. Such source is located in Banja - 12 km northeast of Peja. The water temperature of the hot springs is 46 - 48 ° C, while their total 55% of the total population of settlements within the National Park water quantity is 17.5 l / sec. Such a source of thermal water cures a "Bjeshkët e Nemuna" is an active population. number of diseases and is assumed to have been exploited since the Within the park, there is a primary school in Drelaj, while a health centeri Roman, and later by Turks. is in Haxhaj wherecurrently there is no doctor. Natural Water Resources - are located near Vrella (M. of Istog) and near the Decani Monastery.

Caves – Although the caves have not been well investigated, they appear Population data comes from population censuses. For the period 1948- to have been inhabited during the time of and (such 2011 the data have been presented regarding the number of population discoveries are expected to take place in the cave of Radavc near the Drini according to population censuses. Further on, 1991 census data was used source). Beside this cave, the Cave of Hoxha and the Stone Cave located to give an estimate of the population because the Albanian population at near the village of Vrellë are also known. that time had boycotted participation in the census. Data, however, is As part of the natural heritage are the ravines / canyons, where as the considered relatively accurate.. most important are: Rugova Ravine, Vrella Ravine, etc.

1.3.1. Total number of population

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The population of this region is distributed in a total of 47 settlements, → Population no. According to the censuses and basic and ordinary index which are distributed in five Municipalities in Kosovo: Peja, Deçan, Istog, within and outside the Park. Junik and Gjakova. Out of a total of 47 settlements, this geographic region has 20 of them within the border of the park, while 27 others are outside Years Population no. Basic index Ordinal index of the Bjeshkët e Nemuna National Park. The population in this region is Census of 1948 38928 100 100 87,800. Census of 1953 44935 115 115

Census of 1961 55632 143 124 Between 1948 - 2011 there was a slight increase in the number of population for 48872 inhabitants. From 1991 to 2011, the population of Census of 1971 75669 194 136 this area is characterized by a decrease of its number, namely 26060 Census of 1981 94259 242 125 inhabitants. This was consequence of many political-economic flows that Assessment of 113860 292 121 took place in this period, not forgetting the last war (1999). According to 1991 the indicators in the following table the number of population has increased by 48872 inhabitants, from 38928 inhabitants in 1948 to 87800 Census of 2011 87800 226 77 inhabitants in 2011. The birth rate reaches 18 promille or 1.8 %, while the mortality rate is 4 promille or 0.44%. Based on these rates of birth and mortality, it appears → Number of population pursuant to the basic and ordinar index in the that the natural increase of the population is 13.6 promille or 1.36 settlements within the Park, according to the census. percent. Out of a total of 20 settlements located in this area, there are 16 of them With 57 % of the total population in this area dominates the age from 20 are part of the Municipality of Peja, two settlements of the Municipality of to 64 years, then with 35 % of the total population is the population of the Junik, one of Deçan and one settlement is part of Gjakova Municipality. young age 0 - 19 years old, while the age group over 65 years of age have These settlements have marked differences in population numbers. The small participation, 8% of the total population. largest population is Cerovërhë (Breg i Zi) with 234 inhabitants, or 49.1% From a total of 87,800 inhabitants, masculine gender is represented by of the total population of these settlements. 49.7%, while female gender is represented by 44154 or 50.3%. 1.3.3. Population density 4 1.3.2. Number of population within the Park All Park settlements are characterized by a small population density and From 1948 until1971, settlements within the National Park "Bjeshkët e are mainly deep mountain settlements located far from urban centers, Nemuna" have had a steady increase of the population. Between 1971 and with low economic development and unfavorable conditions. 2011, these settlements experienced a drastic decline in the number of population and some of them today are uninhabited. In 1948, these Settlements within the Park lie at high altitudes. The highest altitudes are settlements had 4046 inhabitants, while in the last census (2011) these in the settlements Malaj (1925m), Pepiq (1813m), Koshutan (1708m), settlements had 476 inhabitants, which means that for this 63-year period Bogë (1610m). the population number has decreased by nearly eight times.

→ Number of population according to the censuses within the Park.

4 Pursuant to the census of 2011, the density of population in the Park is 0.75 i/km2

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1.3.4. Natural increase of In terms of gender differences, there is a very small gender imbalance, population where female population dominates by 50.8%, compared with male population (49.2%). During the period 1971 - 1981, besides the decrease of births, In ethnic terms, settlements within the National Park "Bjeshkët e Nemuna" mortality also decreases, and the have a fairly homogenous population where 97.5% (2011) of the natural increase of the population population are Albanians, while other minorities are Egyptian and so on. decreases. Despite the decrease, the As for the population according to religion, 99.8% of the population birth rate remains very high (about belongs to Islamic religion. 37.7 promille), while rapid decline in mortality has led to natural increase 1.3.6. Agricultural-livestock population and its characteristics5 and overall population growth in this The geographic area of this region, and in particular the Rugova Ravines area remains high. After the 90s, a region, immediately after World War II, inherited a high percentage of the major birth defect occurred when agricultural-livestock population as a consequence of the absolute neglect the birth rate dropped to about 20 of economic and social development. In the post-World War II period, the promille in 1995 - 1996, while the transition of the agricultural-livestock population to non-agricultural natural increase was about 16 activities was constantly increasing, which is general law in the context of promille. This breakthrough occurs economic development. The transfer of the population from agriculture as a result of the difficult socio- and mostly from the village to non-agricultural activities to the city was economic and political circumstances conducted directly, without professional and educational preparation, on that had been created during 2011, the one hand, and indirectly, through the education of the new generation 5010 births and 1240 deaths were and change of socio-economic position of the population, on the other recorded in the Municipalities of hand. Peja, Deçan, Gjakova, Istog and Junik. The birth rate in the above Regarding the agricultural structure of the population of this area, it marks mentioned municipalities is 18 a significant decline until 1981 with 49.8% of the active population in promille or 1.8%. The mortality rate primary activity. While, recently the population is concentrated in the is 4 promille or 0.44%, while the tertiary sector in the development of tourism, paying special attention to natural increase is 13.6 promillele or hotel facilities, weekend lodges, and promotion of mountain tourism. The 1.3 percent. rest of the population mainly deals with primary activities, namely with agricultural-livestock activities, as the terrain configuration itself 1.3. 5. Population structure determines this. It is difficult nowadays to present the number of pursuant to the age and gender agricultural-livestock population and that of non-farming population, but Settlements within the National Park based on these trends of development, the percentage of non-agricultural "Bjeshkët e Nemuna" in terms of population has significantly decreased demographic development have 1.3.7. Active population their features in the composition of the population by age and gender. The active population introduces another demographic element that has Many demographic and socio- particular importance in the socio-economic development of a country. In economic factors have been 1971, population participation in primary activities was 58.2%. Although influenced by these structures, and the number of primary activities has decreased for this period (1971 - many features and other impacts on 1981) by 8.4 %, Rrafshi i Dukagjini is still considered as an agricultural demographic development have geographic space. According to the 2011 census, 54.5% of the total been created. The age 0 to 19 population of settlements within the “Bjeshkët e Nemuna" National Park represents 35% of the population, are active population. the age of 20-64 represents 57% of 1.3.8. Family and its characteristics the population, and the age group over 65 years has the lowest The settlements of this area are mainly characterized by a large number of representation (8%) of the total family members, characteristic of some of the developed and mainly rural population. areas. The average size of the family in this region (settlements within the park) is about 6.9 members (2011). → Settlements within and near the Park (Buffer zone)

5 Explanation: All the numbers and percentages until 1981 have been taken from: Municipalities of KSAK on 1987, Provincial Entity of Statistics, Prishtina, 1989.

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1.3.9. Mechanical movement of population - Migrations education system, after 2000, significant Population migrations today pose a multidimensional spatial, developments have demographic, economic, social and political issue, while spurring a series taken place in the of complex and often mutually connected and conditional factors. The lack realization of of data on migrations makes difficult to carry out migration analyzes; contemporary teaching however, what has been understood above, has reveals the phenomenon programs. of population migration from rural settlements to large-scale urban settlements. In general, the number of population has decreased around 8 The organizational times, while 9 settlements have almost completely depopulated. structure of the education system in the 1.3. 10. Unemployment settlements within and One of the acute issues for Kosovo society is the high unemployment rate. around the "Bjeshkët e Unemployment has become an inseparable part of society and has been Nemuna" National Park particularly pronounced in rural, hilly, mountainous settlements, with is organized in four large distance from urban areas. The level of unemployment in the levels: pre-school country level is around 40% and the youngest age group, especially the education (5 - 6 years), female population, is mostly affected. elementary education (I - V), and lower From the data analysis of the settlements that lie at the border crossing of secondary education (VI the "Bjeshkët e Nemuna" National Park and settlements within the park, it - IX). The total number turns out that the unemployment rate is widespread in this territory. of school facilities is 14, Data on jobseekers registered at the employment office show about of which only one is 13500 people waiting to find a job. This number does not mean it is real, it within the park, in can be even bigger because all unemployed have not been registered. The Drelaj village . About most emphasized unemployment is in remote rural settlements. 4000 students are involved in the The consequence of high unemployment rate is poverty. Poverty has educational process in affected almost all the pores of social life in this area. The low level of these settlements. In economic development, low educational level, houses, businesses and most of these schools, enterprises wreckage in Kosovo ('99), land degradation - agriculture, etc., the teaching process have contributed to the increase of poverty. Land segregation, inadequate takes place in 2 tours. A loans for the development of agriculture and livestock, lack of subsidies large number of (seeds, artificial fertilizers, etc.) are in the disadvantage of agriculture settlements do not (farmer). For this reason and other reasons, there is no interest of the have a school facility population to be actively engaged in agriculture, a sector that could and attend classes at reduce the rate of unemployment and poverty. school facilities in the Poverty is a complex social phenomenon which is difficult to measure. To vicinity (the other measure poverty, data such as income per capital, level of education, village). The school - housing conditions, health, etc. are required. home distance is up to Naturally, rural areas with large distances from urban areas, hilly mountain 4 km. areas, where the education level is lower, undeveloped health and where There are no nurseries housing conditions are not good, are included in the higher unemployment and kindergartens for rate and poverty. The data shows that 2500 families receive social children under the age assistance. The most difficult (worst) situation is in families living within of 5 within the treated the park, in the remote and hilly - mountain settlements. settlements. . Pre-primary education → Population and social development of the Park is being developed in a number of primary 1.3.11. Education schools that offer one- year pre-school Education is the foundation of a healthy society. It guarantees prospects education for children for a country's social, economic, cultural and political future. In the Kosovo aged 5 and 6.

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The student -teacher ratio is on average 20 students per 1 teacher with 1.3.13. Settlements and living Access to settlements around the park is facilitated by roads mainly on flat significant differences from one school to another. and asphalted terrain, whereas the roads that lead to many settlements Within the area the "Bjeshkët e Nemuna" National Park there are 20 within the park are unpaved and on difficult steep terrain. Public transport Regarding the physical conditions of school buildings, they differ from one settlements, while around the park as settlements that have the more is more developed and of higher quality in the parkland areas because dwelling to another. In the general aspect of learning, unsatisfactory direct impact on the park are 26. All settlements within the park are rural - circulation is more frequent and easier on the best roads, and the conditions arise in deep rural settlements. In order to have even more villages, while from those around the park, three are urban, while others involvement of residents in this service is greater. In some settlements detailed analysis, essential data is required for each school separately. are also rural. Of the villages within the park, 16 are located in the within the park, there is no public transport at all. territory of the Municipality of Peja, 2 in the Municipality of Junik, 1 in the Municipality of Deçan and 1 in the Municipality of Gjakova. Regarding All settlements around the park have water supply systems and some of 1.3.12. Health settlements around the park, 11 of them are located in the Municipality of them have even sewerage, while only two settlements within the park have water supply systems, while there are no sewerage systems. Kosovar health care, despite major investments made after '99, is in poor Peja, 8 in the Municipality of Deçan, 4 in the Municipality of Istog, 2 in the condition. There are weaknesses of the organizational nature, namely the Municipality of Gjakova and 1 in the Municipality of Junik. Regarding other residential quality indicators, residents of the settlements implementation of the law on health, then pre legalization of Serb Settlements within the park are small by number of residents. 9 of them around the park are also in better condition than those of the villages structures, lack of health insurance, lack of sufficient resources, lack of are even abandoned, while the rest, with the exception of Cerovërhë within the park. They have schools, health facilities, postal services, banks, tools for new investments in equipment, scientific research etc. Currently village, which has 234 inhabitants, do not even reach number 80. The shops, cultural homes, religious buildings, car services nearer and easier to Kosovo health system is organized in three levels: a) primary level; b) settlements around the park are larger and, not counting Peja as the reach. In the urban areas around the park there are also specially secondary level; and c) tertiary level. Apart from the public sector, health largest city, their size ranges from 27 residents in Zagërme up to 6053 of regulated spaces for sport and recreation that are lacking in settlements is also organized in the private sector on a fairly wide scale. Junik, with an average of the inhabitants for these settlements that within the park. Only public health services are offered in and around the park, with the reaches the figure of 1484. exception of any small (mini) private ordination. Most of these settlements Within the park, the settlements are of a dispersed type, while those in do not have ambulances - health centers. Health services are provided in the area around the park are mainly concentrated type settlements. about 4 health facilities. Only such an object is within the territory of the Dispersed settlements represent the entirety of residential and economic national park, in the village of Drelaj. The physical condition of the health facilities of agricultural producers and at the same time belong to the facilities varies from one object to another, but in general it is not so good. small category of villages. Most of these settlements are located far from urban centers and are rural areas, typical agricultural and livestock villages. The characteristics of these settlements are small transformation, poor relationship with urban centers, and more emphasized depopulation. Concentrated settlements are larger. There are urban and semi-urban settlements, as well as other settlements with larger population numbers. The functions of settlements within the park are housing, agriculture and livestock, while in recent years there has been a growing trend of tourism activity. Raising interest in rural tourism, can affect eco-tourism in changing the approach of the population of these settlements. A number of these settlements, referring to the current situation, have the predispositions to provide conditions for the development of rustic tourism, offering traditional services for park visitors. Bogë village is more known for this, where besides offering these services, the ski pass is also available to visitors. Many settlements around the park, without mentioning urban settlements such as Pejë and Decan, which have more functions, besides residential, farming and livestock functions, they also have the trade or other small business. In the settlements within the park there is only individual housing or single residential buildings with floor construction mainly P + 0 + N and P + 1 + N. With the exception of Peja and Deçan where is collective (residence in multi-storey buildings) and individual residence, in other settlements →Settlement in the Park around the park residence is only individual with main construction of P + 0, P + 1 and P + 2. When talking about housing quality, with the exception of air purity and noise loudness, all other indicators speak of a higher quality of housing in the settlements outside the park than those within the park.

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1.3.14. Constructions at the Park Within the framework of the drafting process hereof, it has also been drafted the "Report on the recording factual situation, photographing, evidencing of constructed objects and verification of construction permits in the territory of the NP Bjeshkët e Nemuna". The basis for presenting the required data was the Ortofoto of 2012 and other spatial analyzes, according to which the total number of construction within the Park is 2745.

Number of Municipality % constructions Istogu 150 5.46

Peja 1948 70.97 Deçani 577 21.02

Juniku 56 2.04 Gjakova 14 0.51

Total 2745 100.00

According to this analysis, settlements with the largest number of constructions are: Boga, Jashanica and Shtupeqi i Madh, where residential buildings mostly dominate, and economic objects and apartment buildings follow. As far as the property is concerned, these facilities are mainly built on private property, while in spatial terms the facilities in question extend to the second and third zones according to the preliminary zoning of the Park, determined by the professional commission.

The result of this analysis is the following map which presents the spatial extent and density of the constructions in the territory of the Park.

→ Spatial extent of construction within the Park.

36 Spatial Plan for the National Park "Bjeshkët e Nemuna" Institute for Spatial Planning

1.4. ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT High fruits such as apples, pears, cherries and small fruits (strawberries, raspberries) are cultivated around the border of the Park, namely in the villages of Pobërgje and Voksh in the Municipality of Deçan and in the villages of Istog, Peja, Junik and Gjakova. These activities are cultivated for family consumption, to meet the demands of local residents within settlements in and outside the park, as well as for economic benefits. The main economic activities that take place in the Park relate mainly to: 1.4.1.2. Livestock wood utilization, pasture utilization, tourism - recreational activities, cultivation of medicinal herbs and palm fruit collection. The development of the extensive livestock sector as a seasonal activity is a tradition that is cultivated in the hilly mountainous area within the park The current trend of development is focused on tourism, new construction and in the impact zone by utilizing free meadows and pastures in nature and the adoption of existing facilities. It is estimated that most of these that are closer to settlements. The agro-ecological conditions, namely the activities have been executed in a uncontrolled way, without any prior large area of pastures (24.6 %), as potential resources for livestock and plan. water resources throughout the territory of the park, are factors that Economic development is concentrated in the area of influence, in affect the development of livestock and livestock production. settlements around the park dominated by small and medium - sized enterprises such as trade, construction and agriculture enterprises. vijnë në mënyrë të organizuar sipas ofertave turistike. 1.4.1. Agricultural and livestock activity Agriculture is an important activity for settlements located inside and outside the border of "Bjeshkët e Nemuna" NP. Primary sectors of the local economy: agriculture and livestock farming are the tradition of the inhabitants of the areas inside and outside the park boundary. → Livestock in Bjeshkët e Rugovës Forest areas, meadows and mountain pastures, fine fruits and medicinal plants within the park have contributed to the development of extensive agriculture and livestock. Favorable natural resources, water resources as well as suitable land have 1.4.2. Apiculture enabled the cultivation of eco-farming products, which achieve qualitative yields of agricultural crops: aromatic medicinal plants and fruit trees, The development of apiculture within the park is closely related to agriculture. There is a considerable number of households that deal with livestock products (milk, cheese, yogurt, cottage cheese, butter) as well as Kullosat Existing pastures in the hilly and mountainous areas of: Rugova, apiculture - honey production, as a secondary activity that does not take honey and wax products. Junik and Deçan, Istog and Gjakova Mountains within the park borders, much time. 1.4.1.1. Agriculture are used for the cultivation of cows, horses, sheep and goats. This activity is a long tradition of the area. Mountain huts are present throughout the The regions of Deçan, Junik and Istog have good conditions for the Based on the agro-ecological conditions of the area affected by the park, territory of the park, but mostly concentrated in Deçan and Rugova development of apiculture. The bee hives are located near homes, pollen in the municipalities of Peja, Istog, Deçan, Junik and Gjakova, quality yields mountains. They are known: Bellopoja mountain huts (located in altitude and fresh water resources, where climatic conditions are more favorable, of different types are achieved such as: fruits and vegetables that supply of almost 1800 m), Beleg, Isniq, Shtupeq i Vogël and Prelep village at 1900 given the fact that the territory is ecological and results in quality the market with fresh products, cereals and fodder plants . Agricultural m altitude. products.. crops in the area of influence are cultivated in quality soils, in the form of greenhouses, where the conditions are most favorable, especially around Livestock products are cultivated only by old-fashioned households, while river flows (Lumbardhi i Deçanit and Lumbardhi i Lloqanit). In the their sale is done without any special organization in the domestic market. Municipality of Junik, the vegetable culture is cultivated in house yards. In Mostly these products are collected by traders who place them in the the Batusha and Mulliq settlements of the Municipality of Gjakova, high market of the nearest centers: Peja, Gjakova, Istog Junik and Deçan. yields of agricultural crops (beans of Mulliq) are achieved that meet the The cultivation of livestock activities is decreasing due to the large losses demands of the inhabitants and beyond. of cattle during the war, the abandonment of the settlements, the Arboriculture – Arboriculture - arboriculture is cultivated on average in abandonment of land cultivation and the lack of institutional support of villages within the borders of the park, in Jasiq and Gjocaj of the farmers for better achievement in livestock farming. Municipality of Junik. Characteristic of the mountainous part of Junik and Deçan is the chestnut-rich area that has great importance both regarding the fruit and wood.

37 Spatial Plan for the National Park "Bjeshkët e Nemuna" Institute for Spatial Planning

products has so far been spontaneous, unorganized and unchecked by the 1.4.4. Industry relevant state institutions, resulting in a reduction in the BMA fund. Në There is no developed industry in the mountain region, but it is worth mentioning the private company Drelaj of Rugova, which deals with the packaging of water (which is fed directly from the source) and milk processing (dairy products). These products are marketed in Kosovo and abroad. Kozhnjer - Lumbardhi Hydropower plant is operating in the Municipality of Deçan that produces a small amount of energy up to 8MWh. Along the park's border in the area of influence, there are also some economic activities such as: agricultural cooperatives in Irzniq, a company that deals with asphalt and gravel processing in Junik and six companies for the use of hard stone operating in: Qafa e Shkozes, Vrella, Lubozhda, Isniq and two in Strellc të Epërm.

Within the national park, forests have productive potential that is among

the most important sources of economic and social development. According to the technical value, they belong to the forests with the highest potential of technical timber production of the coniferous and shakers in Kosovo. Wood mass is used for economic benefits of the population, for heating needs and wood processing that have contributed to the reduction of forest resources. The use of forest resources is uncontrolled due to the lack of proper organization of illegal deforestation management and illegal logging. Only Municipality of Deçan has more than 60 sawmills working 24 hours per day.

1.4.5. Trade and craftsmanship Trade as a branch of the economy is concentrated outside the park boundary. Wholesale and retail trade, vehicle repair and household goods repair is the most widespread form of capital concentration in the private sector, where most enterprises are family businesses, mainly as small and → Apiculture in Deçan medium-sized enterprises. Municipality of Istog counts about 4500 bee hives, where "Kleka" quality Crafts are represented by traditional crafts, but few of them remain: the honey is cultivated, while the Municipality of Deçan currently has about tradition of shearing sheep for wool processing, fabrics processing, knitting 3000 bee hives. traditional clothing, embroidery, carpentry, blacksmith, saraces etc. In the 1.4.3. Medicinal plants and fine fruits Municipality of Peja dominates the family tradition of spinning and the working of binders and merhamat (lidhesve dhe merhamave), while in the "Bjeshkët e Nemuna" NP area includes a wide territory and rich in Municipality of Junik there are craftsmen who still work and decorate aromatic medicinal plants (AMP) and wild tree fruits (WTF), which is a wooden crates, etc. There are few old craftsmen left, in the city of Gjakova potential in economic aspect. → Fine fruits can still be found silk-working (Kazaz); Sarac - leather processing; During 2007, the research and inventory of this region was conducted, Carpenters - wood processing, but unfortunately the interest in processing Municipality of Junik is concluding "Forest fruit processing fabric" - which based on which in the territory of the Bjeshkët e Nemuna contains these these crafts is declining. These craftsmen are encountered in Peja in serves for their collection, storage, processing, marketing and sale. The types of AMP and WTF of economic importance, such as: blueberries, Qarshia e Gjatë and Gjakova in Qershia e Madhe, at the same time these fabric will be supplied from the 5th collection points of the Western juniper, angelica, elderberry, wild apple, apricot, hawthorn, basal flowers, craft represent an attraction for local and foreign tourists. Therefore, Economic Region of Kosovo and one from Kukes (Albania), where about chestnuts, barberry, nettles, leaflets, wild rose, etc. craftsmanship with its own products and services represents a special 300 collectors are engaged. segment of the development of small and medium-sized enterprises. The Istog mountains, the northern side of Rugova, the central mountains, In the municipality of Istog, in Syne village, a privat company operates, Gjeravica and Junik are characterized by herbs with medicinal properties which deals with the collection of mountain plants and the processing of such as lincus, wrinkles and some types of mushrooms. forest fruits, but the supply is done by 33 centers throughout the territory The population that deals with the collection of these plants is small, while of Kosovo. opportunities for economic benefits are enormous. The collection of these

38 Spatial Plan for the National Park "Bjeshkët e Nemuna" Institute for Spatial Planning

largest center is Peja, while the smaller centers are Deçan, Junik, Istog and Gjakova, being the starting point for tourist capacities.

→Rugova Bjeshkët e Nemuna are divided into three regions as potential centers for the development of tourism in general and especially winter: • Region, Beleg Mountain at an altitude of 2200 - 2300m, as a center (with the possibility to develop skiing with a visitor capacity of 17000 / day); • Region, Lumbardh Mountains, Milisheva and Tigana meadows standing at an altitude of 850m, (with visitor capacity 10,000 / day); • The Region, the Rusolie Mountains, Shtedimi, the Hajla and the Gropa e Madhe. Skiing – The favorable climatic conditions, the height and the length of the snow cover allow the development during the long period of use of skiing terrains. Studies of the 70s show that the localities in the Bjeshkët e Nemuna can afford up to 30,000 hikers. The main potential terrains for → Qarshia e Madhe in skiing are localities such as: Rusolia Peak, Kurvala Peak, Beleg Mountains, Gjakovë and the Mill in Koprinik, Rrasa e Zogut, Starac, Strellci Peak, Hajla, Peak of Liqenati, Peak Decan of Mokna. Alpinism – Alpinism takes place in the rocky massif, in the second mountain region of Bjeshkët e Nemuna, Gjeravica peak, Boriq, Ropsi peak, 1.4.6. Park Tourism Rusoli peak, Kurvalla, Strellci peak, Qeni peak, Koprivnik ( Çverla edge), and tourist Marjashi (Bagdash) , Leqinati, Lumbardh peak, Hajla, Gusan, Kota, potentials at the Bajrakuu peak, Kozhnjer mountain and the rocky peaks in the north of Park Albania, such as the Iron peak and Shkëlzen. The Bjeshket e Caves – Caves have high tourist and study value. The Park has: Radavci Nemuna Territory, Cave, Karamakaz Cave, small Princess caves, caves along the Gerla e known for the quality Koshutanit, cave near Gurrës së Rutës, etc. In the future these caves can of nature, and cultural also be centers of study by speleologists. and historical monuments, is the capital space for the development of Kosovo's tourism. The territory has been declared national park within the Bjeshkët e Nemuna tourist region, it has exceptional → Economic development within the Park conditions for the development of tourist activities - recreation for winter sports, for holidays and recreation of citizens throughout the year. The

39 Spatial Plan for the National Park "Bjeshkët e Nemuna" Institute for Spatial Planning

location Area; Strellci Mountains Tourist Area: Strellcit Mountains Location.

→Alpinism - “Guri i Kuq” (Red Rock) and the cave “Gryka e Madhe” (Great Ravine) → Tourism potential - Istog area Hunting and fishing are present in the hilly and mountainous areas of the Deçan region: in Kozhnjer, Roshkodol and in the mountain of Prilep, while in the part of Peja is the Rusolia Reserve which is known for the animal Tourism potential - Peja area → Tourism potential - Decan species such as: "High hunting" such as: bear, deer, pig, fox, wild goat, lynx, kunalja e arte, kunalja e bardhe etc, and "Low hunting" consisting of: Tourist area of Kopranikut: Tourist location of Mountain of Isniqit Rugova; Tourism potential – Junik tourist zone of Rugova: Tourist location: Rugova Revine, Lumbardh, rabbit, quail, pheasant, wild chicken, forest peacock, etc. Junik zone with surrounding area: Location of Moronica and Erenik valley, Liqenat, Bogës and Drelaj Mountains; Tourist Area of the Valley: Junik Ravine Area - Gradina's Location, Jedova, Lugu i Gjate and Rrasa e Tourist Locality of Drin Source - Radavc Zogut; Source of Erenik and Gjeravica Lakes; Batusha Revine Area - Gjocaj, Fishing in the rivers of the Bjeshket e Nemuna takes place in the mountainous water courses, where trout - Salmon trot is found. Jasiq and Zharra; Tourism -recreation activities can be carried in their basic forms: • stationary, • Weekend tour, and • Transit.

1.4.6.1. Tourism potentials in the Park pursuant to municipalities

Tourism potential - Istog area Turist area of mountains- location Lugu i Butë, Gurrat e bardha, Radusha, Bajsha; Touristic zone of mountains -

Lugu i Butë location, Gurrat e bardha, Radusha, Bajsha; → Tourism potential - Pejë → Tourism potential - Junik

Tourism potential – Deçan area

The tourist area of Deçan and surrounding region: Location of Deçan

Revine, Bellesa and Pleqë, Kozhnjer, Lumbardh Valley, Belegut Mountain, Prelepit, Roshkodol, Milishevci , Zllonopoja, Baballoqi and Mountain

40 Spatial Plan for the National Park "Bjeshkët e Nemuna" Institute for Spatial Planning

Tourism potential – Gjakova area The largest flow of visitors during the summer season is in the period June Rrasa e Zogut, Maja e Zezë and Gomuret; Braha, part part of Shaban’s - September; While during the winter season, from December to February. meadow and Rrasa e Koshares; Oplazi and Koshare village; Valley of Gusha During the summer the number of visitors reaches 20,000, most of them being diaspora compatriots. river; dale of Shkoza with Babush and Boka. The number of tourists is increasing, this can be seen in the chart below showing the number of tourists increasing by years:

→ Informative table Seven climbing areas (10 - 300 m) are defined, one of which is the Guri i Kuq, where there is also the "Gryka e Madhe" cave. The groups of visitors interested in climbing (mountain climbing) and exploration in the caves are guided by professional leaders. Within the park there are mountain walking and mountain biking trails, which are equipped with information boards, describing the category of difficulty of the trail, which can be walked on foot or by bicycle. The → Number of tourists informed at the tourism office following paths are known: The most requested destinations for visits are: the part of Rugova • → Tourism potential - Gjakovë Drelaj –Small lake - Big lake – Kuqishtë; (mountain activities), Radaci - Drin Waterfall and the cultural ones where Toursim at Part - Peja area • Rekë e Allages - Stanishte e epërme ; the city of Peja is visited. The biggest winter interest of tourists is mainly for the ski center in the village of Bogë, where there is also a modest • Drelaj-Dugaive; Rugova is the most frequented centre of the Bjeshkët e Nemuna massif. infrastructure, a ski lift with a length of about 1km. There are numerous activities that take place throughout the year, such • Drelaj - Liqenat-Lugu i Shkodrës. as: leisure stay, hunting, fishing, rural tourism, health tourism, rock climbing - mountaineering, mountain hiking, cave exploration, mountain cycling, walking with bare feet, skiing, camping; Various adventures such as daily and weekly excursions, etc. Visits and stays take place in many localities and especially in Kuqishtë, Liqenat, Shtupeq i Madh, Bogë, Radavc - the source of Drini i Bardhë, lakes of Liqenati and some other localities. The Visitor's Centre is located at the entrance to Rugova ravine near the Patriarchate of Peja that offers services and information for tourists such as maps, informative brochures, traditional souvenirs and bicycles to visit Rugova Gorge and Bjeshkët e Nemuna in general.

→ Big Lake National park tourists who are mostly local tourists (about 5000 visitors / year) are more focused on staying on weekends. The number of foreign visitors is smaller (about 2000 visitors / year) who come organized pursuant to tourist offers.

41 Spatial Plan for the National Park "Bjeshkët e Nemuna" Institute for Spatial Planning

→ The Boga village and ski slope

During the summer season, the possibilities for accommodation in the →TheRugova Gorge park are greater, because in disposition are other locations such as Drelaj, → The Belegu Mountains Pepaj, Reka of Allaga, Shtupeq etc. Tourism in the Park – Istog area Recreational activities in this area are developed along the walking paths, Accommodation options for tourists are offered in: 2 hotels, 11 motels and The mountains of Istog as: Lugu i Butë, Gurrat e bardha, Radusha, Bajsha while the biggest attraction is achieved during rafting on the Drini i Bardhë 14 restaurants, 2 camps organized by two associations, and 8 active are the best places for rest and rehabilitation. In this park area, there are River, which is led by experienced guides. households and resort village, Lounges with accommodating capacity for no hotel facilities, therefore visits are mainly doneas daily visits.These 200 persons. Accommodation capacities are not sufficient compared to localities are reached through roads that are difficult to pass, but can be Towers, as part of traditional Albanian settlements in the village of Dranoc, visitors' requirements. passed with the "4X4"cars. Actually, the number of visitors it is not known, which are adapted to inns offer services for tourists. because most of the visits are mainly individual and there is no data The requirements to invest in these sites are large, mainly focused on In the localities of these areas: Deçan and Belegu Gorge, Lloqani Gorge regarding the number of visitors in this area. rental villas, hotels and motels. and Strellce Mountains, in recent years for vacation purposes, local residentshave built mountain houseswhere some of them are offered for use by visitors. There are also hotel facilities that are not currently in use: the children's recreation center "Pisha e Deçanit” with a capacity of 550 - 600 beds and a hotel complex with a capacity of up to 243 beds. The Tourism in the Park - Junik area The most visited localities in the Junik area from local and foreign tourists are: Gjeravica Peak with two natural lakes, the Erenik River, Moronica, towers and tekkes, etc. Tourists can find information in the Regional Tourism center of Junik. The largest number of interested people is to visit Lakes and the Gjeravica mountain, which can be reached through two trails (one path is 7,4 km and the other 7,0 km). Paths are equipped with → Lugu i butë (The Soft Valley) information tables showing: direction, location, sources of drinking water, altitude, etc. The Tourism in the Park - Deçan Area

The great natural resources of the Deçan area are attractive and interesting for nature lovers and explorers.In the mountains there is a large number of wellsprings, and lakes known as: "Mountain Eyes" and Deçan River along the road to Beleg Mountains, providing good conditions

for tourism development, while the mineral water source and Deçan →The Little Lake pinesas a rare wealth with healing properties, are used for health tourism.

42 Spatial Plan for the National Park "Bjeshkët e Nemuna" Institute for Spatial Planning

Tourism or visits are realized in the form of daily excursions. The most frequent form of visitsare the individual visits to the martyrs' cemetery as well as the visits organized to commemorate the fallen in the Koshare area during the last war in Kosovo. Most frequent recreational activities are those of mountaineering associations.

→ Koshare → The Gjeravica Mountain →TheJunik regonal center of turism, Towers and Inns 1.4.6.2. The Development of cross-border tourism between Kosovo- The number of visitors requesting information in the office of the Regional Montenegro-Albaniain the Bjeshket e Nemuna Tourism Center in Junik reaches around 6000 visitors per year. Visits by local and foreign tourists are on the rise, especially the number of visits in Tourism in the Park–Gjakova Area Cross-border cooperation consists of mountain tourism, walking along the the form of excursions from secondary and primary schools. paths connecting these three states, to higher parts and the far mountain Localities of Gjakova area belonging to the National Park are distinguished villages of the Bjeshkët e Nemuna. Tourists who visit Junik area are mainly accommodated in old renovated by the values of natural heritage as well as cultural - historical values. towers and houses, which are adopted into inns, and they have the Within the National Park - part of Gjakovais also ZIV "Battle of Koshare", The "Balkan Peak" tourist trail is 192 km long, creating a closed circle in all opportunity to get acquainted with the traditions of this area. The number an area with historical and cultural heritage importance (in which we three states, Albania (Theth), Montenegro (Plava) and Kosovo (Peja). The of tourists who can be accommodated in these inns reaches 50. encounter archeological traces of ancient civilization such as Fortress of visit can start from any state. These trails can be spent for 10 to 13 days Jerina, etc. depending on the interest, requirements and fitness of visitors, the tour is organized and accompanied by tourist guides.

→Hiking trail - Albania, Kosovo, Montenegro6 K

• These activities have a direct impact on the economic growth of the villagers in these areas, through the provision of hostels (mountainous houses adapted for tourist accommodation), food and so on. • The possibilities for cross-border cooperation between the three countries - Kosovo, Albania, Montenegro are great, as this enables the position that connects them to areas beyond the borders such as: • • Lugu i Shkodres (connects Rugova with Tropoja and Shkodra); • • The neck of the Chakra that leads to Plava and Guci (Montenegro); • • The neck of the villagers in the north of the village of Bogë that connects Rugova with Rozhaja (Montenegro); • • Hajle's Neck is the main road linking Rugova Mountains (villages Dacaj and Husaj) to Rozhaja (Montenegro). → Koshare Tablet

6http://www.peaksofthebalkans.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=15&Itemid=2 19&lang=en

43 Spatial Plan for the National Park "Bjeshkët e Nemuna" Institute for Spatial Planning

• • The 5 km long Ndre Nika stone as a suitable ski area extends into two territorial areas of Kosovo and Montenegro.

→The current state of tourism in the Park

44 Spatial Plan for the National Park "Bjeshkët e Nemuna" Institute for Spatial Planning

1.5. PHYSICAL INFRASTRUCTURE Peja and further to the border with Montenegro. This road up to Kuqishtë settlements within the park such as Belle and Irzniq 2 in the municipality is in a good physical condition, which cannot be said for the next part, to of Deçan, Gjocaj and Jasiq of the municipality of Junik and Koshare of the the border. The length of the M9 road within the park is 21.5 km. The Municipality of Gjakova. R106 Regional Route Peja-Rozaje (Montenegro) crosses the national park The current state of physical infastructure: with a length of 9.6 km in its northwestern part. This asphalt road is in a relatively good condition. Its winter and summer maintenance is National road M9 Peja-Kuqishtë-border with Montenegro, asphalted - continuous. Another road passing through the territory of the park, in the within the park 21.5 km; part that belongs to the municipality of Deçan, is the regional road R108 Regional road R106 Peja-Rozaje (Montenegro), asphalted - within the park Deçan - the border with Montenegro. This road that has a length of 23 km 9.6 km; in the park is unpaved and in poor condition. Settlements around the park, which as cadastral zones enter the territory within the boundary of the Regional road R108 Deçan - border with Montenegro, asphalted - within park, are connected with asphalted regional roads. the park 23 km; Starting from the Istog municipality, in Lubozhdë and Vrellë passes Route All settlements around the park are covered by the public transport 103, next to it is Studenica, and then Kaliqani which is a little further away service of passengers, while within the park those covered are: Shtupë e connected to this road through a local road. The R103 road to Banja in the Vogël, Shtupë e Madhe, Drelaj, Kuqishtë, Haxhaj and Bogë. Other villages municipality of Peja is connected with the road R101, which is on the within the park, in the deepest areas of Rugova, are covered by vans; outskirts of Peja and on the R106 road. With R106, the surrounding settlements around the park belong to the local roads, which belong to the Within the park, the GSM GSM signal has settlements: Haxhaj, Bogë, municipality of Peja such as: Jablanica e Madhe, Jabllanica e Vogel, →Regional and local road in the park Jashanicë, Drelaj, Shtupë e Madhe, Shtupë e Vogël, Lipë, Cerovërë, Radavci, Novosella, Siga and Brestoviku. Road R106 ends in Peja and from Kuqishtë, Gjocaj and Jasiq. The signal is partly in: Pepic, Raja of Aliaga, here continue to the territory of the municipality of Deçan the regional Malaj and Shkrel. No dwelling within the park is covered by the aerial road R107. R107 road in the municipality of Peja connects the villages 1.5.2. The Telecommunications television signal and there is no cable television either. Television Bellopojë, Zagėrme and Lybeniq, which are located around the national programs in the national park area can only be viewed by residents who park. In addition, this regional road in the municipality of Deçan connects In the border of the "Bjeshkët e Nemuna" National Park there is no fixed the villages around the park such as Strellc, Llebushë, Isniq and Deçan. In telephony network in settlements where the buildings are outside the have the equipment for receiving satellite TV signal; Deçan this road is connected to the R109 road connecting the villages of park, but as cadastral zones enter the territory of the park, such as Deçan, Within the territory of the national park are the small hydropower plants, Deçan like Hulaj, Pobërgje, Lloqan and Voksh, all around the national park. Isniqi and Juniku the network exists. that of Kozhnjer in the river Lumbardh of Deçan and that of Radac near the Continuing to the south, R109 passes through Junik, which as cadastral The System for mobile communications (GSM) in the park boundary, mouth of the Drini i Bardhë river spring, Pejë / Peć municipality. These zone enters the territory within the border of the "Bjeshkët e Nemuna" regarding the municipality of Peja, has these settlements: Haxhaj, Bogë, National Park, and further in the municipality of Gjakova it passes through hydropower plants are in operation today and have a capacity of 8.3 MW Jashanicë, Drelaj, Shtupeq i Madh, Shtupeq i Vogël, Lipë, and Kuqishtë. Batushë and Mulliq. of Kozhnjer and 1 MW of Radac; Partially there is a signal in: Pepiq, Raja e Aliages, Malaj and Shkrel, while While settlements around the park are linked to a relatively good and there is no signal in: Dugaive, Koshutana and Llaz-Bellopaq. Regarding the Within the park, only two settlements, Lipa and Cerovera have installed easily traffic butmany settlements within the boundaries of the park did villages of the Peja municipality surrounding the park, the GSM signal is water supply systems, while sewerage systems are not installed in any not have this luck. Peja villages such as Stankaj, Koshutan, Pepaj, Shkreli, located in Jablanica, Radavc, Novosella, Siga, Brestovika, Levosha, settlement within the park; Reka, Malaj, Llaz-Bellopaq and Lipë are connected by roads that are not in Bellopoja, Zagerma and Lubeniq. In the settlements of the municipality of good condition, where the traffic of vehicles is carried out with difficulty Deqan that are in the national park, Irzniq 2 has no signal, which is not the No habitat within the park is included in the waste disposal service. going to these settlements. The same applies to the village Irzniq 2 in the case with the surrounding settlements such as: Deçani, Strellci i Epërm, municipality of Deçan and Gjocaj and Jasiq of the municipality of Junik. Lëbusha, Isniqi, Hulaj, Lloqani and Vokshi. In the two settlements of the municipality of Junik within the park, Jasiq and Gjocaj and Junik where the When it comes to physical infrastructure, it is commonly referred to the Transport- The public passenger transport service covers all settlements houses are out of the park, there is a GSM signal. In Koshare, which is transport infrastructure (road infrastructure, railways, airports and around the park. Transport is carried out by buses and vans. Regarding within the park and in the two settlements around Batushë and Mulliq, all harbors), energy infrastructure (electricity, thermal, etc.) water settlements within the park, public transport covers the entire Rugova three of Gjakova municipalities have a GSM signal, while in the Istog infrastructure (hydroelectric), telecommunications infrastructure and area. The bus from Peja to Kuçishtë goes through the national road M9, municipality, which has no settlements within the park, there is a mobile management infrastructure Waste. Development or provision of physical the last destination is Bogë village.On the way he stops in Shtupeq i Vogël, telephony signal in the surrounding settlements: Kaliqan, Studenica, Vrella infrastructure means facilitating the movement of people and goods, Shtupeq i Madh, Drelaj, Kuçishtë and Haxhaj. Other villages in the areas of and Lubozhda. supplying electricity, water supply and wastewater management, Rugova are covered by vans. Public transport does not cover other communication among people, waste management, etc. The importance The Internet, within the boundary of the park, is in Bogë and Kuqishtë, and of these functions mentioned, without which life can not be imagined in also in the settlements around the park such as: Jablanica e Madhe, the 21st century, convincingly speaks of the great importance of the Jabllanica e Vogel, Radavc, Novosellë, Sigë, Brestovik, Lëvoshë, Bellopojë, development of physical infrastructure. Zagërme, Lybeniq, Deçan, Strellc i Epërm, Llebushë, Isniq, Hulaj, Lloqan, 1.5.1. Transport and infrastructure Voksh, Junik, Batushë, Mulliq, Kaliqan, Studenica, Vrellë and Lubozhdë.Whereas GPRS (Internet) is in those settelments where GSM is Roads - The national road M9 passes through the central part of the present. national park and leads to the village of Kuqishtë in the municipality of

45 Spatial Plan for the National Park "Bjeshkët e Nemuna" Institute for Spatial Planning

Regarding television, localities within the park are not covered by Bellopojë, Zagërme and Lybeniq. Other television signal and there is no cable television either. Television settlements around the park that have water programs can only be viewed by residents who have the equipment for supply but belong to the municipality of Deçan receiving satellite TV signal. All settlements around the national park are: Deçani, Strellci i Epërm, Lëbusha, Isniqi, mentioned above are covered by the television signal of three national Hulaj, Consignment, Lloqani and Vokshi. Water televisions RTK, TV21 and KTV. supply is lacking in settlements within the park, Belle and Irzniq 2, which are almost completely

depopulated. In the municipality of Istogthe 1.5.3. The Infrastructure of Electricity settlements around the park that have water The localities within the national park and those at the border are supplied supply systems are: Lubozhda, Vrella, with electricity from 10 kV power lines, from 4 Outputs: Output 10 kV Studenica and Kaliqani, while in the Junik Radavci from TS 110/35/10 kV Peja 1, output 10kV Rugova from TS 35/10 municipality only Junik has water supply, while kV Peja 2, output 10kV Deçan Monastery from TS 35/10 kV Isniq and settlements that are within the national park output 10 kV from TS 35/10 kV Isniq. The 10 kV Radavci output, which is in border such as Gjocaj and Jasiq have no water good condition, has a total of 11 substations TS 10 / 0.4 kV, which vary supply. There is no water supply in the Gjakova from 50 kVA up to 630 kVA, making up a total of 2360 kVA. municipality, which is located within the park, and in the two settlements around the park of The 10 kV output Rugova is not in good shape. In it, altogether 27 the municipality of Gjakova, such as Batushë substations TS 10 / 0.4 kV are connected within the park. Of them, 2 are in and Mulliq, the waterworks are being installed. Shtupeq i Vogel, 1 in Llaz-Bellopaq, 2 in Shtupeq i Madh, 1 in Llotovo, 1 in Malaj, 1 in Pepaj, 1 in Koshutan, 1 in Shkrel, 1 in Dugawi, 4 in Drelaj, 5 in The SewerageSystem - Sewerage systems are Kuqishtë, 1 in Haxhaj, 2 in Stankaj and 3 in Boge, with a total capacity of partially installed in the villages of Lubozhdë, 3460 kVA. Vrellë, Studenica and Kaliqan of the municipality of Istog. In none of these villages Exit 10 kV Deçan Monastery is in good condition. In it is connected the within the park belonging to the Peja substation TS 10 / 0.4 kV Monastery with 400 kVA capacity. municipality mentioned above, there are no The 10 kV output apiculture is in good shape. There are 5 TS 10 / 0.4 kV pipes for wastewater sewage. Regarding the substations connected to this power line, which vary from 100 kVA up to Municipality of Deqan only the Deçan and 630 kVA and together have a capacity of 1680 kVA. partly Hulaj village have sewage, while in the Junik Municipality only Junik has sewerage Regarding the capacities for the production of electricity, within the system. The villages of the municipality of territory of the national park is the small hydropower plant, that of Gjakova, Batushë and Mulliq that are around Kozhnjer in the river Lumbardh of Deçan and that of Radac near the source the park, have sewage systems, while the of the Drini i Bardhë River spring, Pejë / Peć municipality. These village of Kosharehas not the sewage. hydropower plants are in operation today and have a capacity of 8.3 MW of Kozhnjer and 1 MW of Radac. 1.5.5. The waste Management The waste disposal service covers all settlements around the park belonging to the 1.5.4. The Water Infrastructure Istog municipality, like Lubozhdë, Vrella, The National Park "Bjeshkët e Nemuna" is rich in springs and streams from Studenica and Kaliqanin. The settlements of which the inhabitants of settlements around the park and those inside the Deçan that are within the park are not covered park are receiving drinking water. Below are data on the water by this service, while those around the park, infrastructure for the parks and park areas that have an impact on the like Deçan, Gërdec dhe Lloçan are fully park and how cadastral zones enter the park. The National Park "Bjeshkët covered, while Strellc i Epërm, Lëbusha, Isniq, e Nemuna" is rich in springs and streams from which the inhabitants of Hulaj and Vokshi are partially covered. In the these areas and those areas inside the park receive drinking water. Below municipality of Junik the situation is as follows: are shown data on the water infrastructure for parks and park areas that the waste disposal service includes Junik, but not the settlements within have an impact on the park and how cadastral zones enter the park. the park, Gjocaj and Jasić.The Koshare and Batushë Settlements, the first inside and the second near the national park border, are not included in The Water Suppliers - In the municipality of Peja, settlements within the this service, while Mulliqi is partially included. park where the water supply systems are installed are Lipa and Cerovera, while missing in Haxhaj, Bogë, Stankaj, Koshutan, Pepiq, Drelaj, Shkrel, Malaj, Shtupeq i Madh , Shtupeq i Vogël and Llaz-Bellopaq. Regarding those around the border of the park, the water supply system is in all: Jablanica, Jabllanicë e Vogel, Radavc, Novosellë, Sigë, Brestovik, Lëvoshë,

46 Spatial Plan for the National Park "Bjeshkët e Nemuna" Institute for Spatial Planning

1.6. SWOT Analysis

1. Park administration and management;

2. Protection and preservation of the environment, landscaping, Advantages Opportunities biodiversity and natural and cultural values of the park; 1. Existence of park authority - park directorate; 3. Rational use of natural resources for the benefit of economic development in the park; 2. Clean environment; 1. Involvement of the park in international initiatives;

3. Rich Biodiversity; 2. Signature of international conventions; 4. Revitalization of traditional activities in the park's areas and

4. Park rich in forests and grasses; 3. Involving the park on the lists of international parks; preservation of the tradition as factors influencing the abolition or

5. Landscape asset; 4. Cross-border cooperation for the realization of projects together; reduction of migration;

6. Powerful water resources; 5. Competition with projects to be financed by foreign investors; 7. A rich park in aromatic medicinal plants and wild fruit trees; 5. Planned infrastructure development 6. Exploiting the experience of developed countries for the management 8. Great potential for tourism development; of the park; 9. Adequate conditions for development of livestock and beekeeping; 7. Promotion of tourist, cultural and natural values; 1.7.1. Administration and management of the park

10. Good geographical position - the extent of the Bjeshkët e Nemuna in 8. Development of eco-tourism, rural tourism, sport tourism, Why and what is Challenging? three states; recreational tourism and adventurous tourism; 11. Existing cross-border cooperation whereby the activity of walking in 9. Increasing the tourist offer of Kosovo through the park; The territory of the National Park "Bjeshkët e Nemuna" has important the mountain triangle of Kosovo-Montenegro - Albania; 10. Development of research-scientific,cultural and educational activities; natural values for the Republic of Kosovo and beyond, therefore, the 12. Existing network of roads and paths; 11. Institutional support for the further development of livestock and protection, preservation, and utilization of these values are of special 13. Rich Cultural Heritage; beekeeping; domestic and common regional and international interest. To give this 14. The existence of the Information Center - Rugova which provides 12. Increasing the quality of life of the population within and around the reconciliation to all stakeholders for the declaration of the designated area services and information to tourists; park by utilizing the opportunities for economic benefits provided by for the national park by the Government of Kosovo is very important. 15. New-age population; the park; 16. First place of the cross-border project Kosovo-Montenegro - Albania 13. Raising awareness about the values and importance of the park. related to the activity of walking, named "Peaks of the Balkans", The challenge of managingand and administring the park involves the provided by the World Travel and Tourism Council; realization of the duties of the managing of the park and the resolution of 17. Existing signal and access to information through the web site; all problems related to the planning, regulation, management and control 18. The presence of dwellings of the developments.

Risks The existence and functioning of many entities that manage certain park assets is a challenge in terms of cooperation between them and work 1. Non-inclusion of the park in conventions, initiatives and Disadvantages coordination. In case of non-coordination of their activities, space and international organizations (IUCN, WTO, RIO etc); opportunity for degrading actions or justifications for inaction for the 1. Inadequate monitoring and conservation of the park; 2. The most attractive neighboring countries for investment; benefit of the park will be created. 3. National park not competing with the parks of other places; 2. Unplanned developments; Currently, for the management of forest park assets, there are three 4. Lack of investment; 3. Degradation of forests as a result of fires, diseases and uncontrolled entities that have a share: the Directorate of the National Park "Bjeshkët e 5. Poor park management; crops; Nemuna" that is part of AMMK at MESP, the Forest Agency at MAFRD 6. Spreading chaotic developments in the absence of spatial and 4. Damage to endemic and endemic plants; Which manages all of Kosovo's forests and municipalities - which under regulatory plans; 5. Uncontrolled collection of medicinal plants and wild fruit trees; the Forest Law are responsible for forest management in their territories. 7. Non-management of situations in the event of natural disasters; 6. Highlighted erosion in the park; Here is the question: Is it better for the park to be managed by one or 8. Presence of mines in Gjocaj, Jasiq and border crossings with 7. Lack of water and sewerage network; more subjects? 8. Insufficient marketing for the park; Albania 9. Decline in the number of population; The administration and management of the park from the Directorate of 10. Accommodation capacities do not cover visitors' requests; the National Park "Bjeshkët e Nemuna" in the capacity of the coordinator 1.7. KEY CHALLENGES 11. Lack of collection points for livestock products of the actions of subjects with "a share", based on an internal regulation 12. Unnplaned developments and being under the supervision of the Government, prevents conflicts between these subjects on management issues and they do not come in a Responsible institutions for park and various interest groups, on their position to blame each other for lack of work. In this case, the chances are way to preserve but also develop the park; will undoubtedly face better for managing the national park easier and more practiculary. different challenges that relate to these two main goals: the protection and preservation of the park, in one side and its Administration and management is successful when park developments development, on the other. During the design of this plan, based on are in line with the spatial and park management plan and regulatory the existing state of the park and the desired future developments, plans. the following challenges have been identified:

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The List of identified issues 1.7.2. Protection and preservation of the environment, landscaping, selling domestic and handicraft products to tourists. Thus, visitors would biodiversity and natural and cultural values of the park favor the economic development of the park and beyond.

What is challenging? The Illegal forest cutting in the park and buffer zone on social and private • Compliance of stakeholders for the announcement of the Bjeshket e property is a current phenomenon in the park. Preserving forest resources Nemuna area for the national park; The environment is one of the main issues in our society. It is very is of great importance for a sustainable development which also positively important to engage in discovering the mysteries of life, soil, water, and • Co-operation and coordination of actions between the entities affects the preservation of the animal world. the air around us. Also the impact of humanity on the environment should managing the park assets; become clearer, as we know that many individual or collective activities The Damage of biodiversity means reducing the number of plants and • Drafting of the Spatial Plan for the National Park "Bjeshkët e Nemuna"; taking place in our living space are not controlled and are not in harmony animal species. Preservation of biodiversity, especially of endemic plants with European environmental norms and standards. This phenomenon in and species, is necessary to preserve ecological equilibrium. Misuse of the • Creating a database for all that owns the National Park "Bjeshkët e our country is due to the lack of spatial and management plans for certain plants, animal world, and endemic plant species and wildlife species that Nemuna"; central and local areas. are in the Park, leads to a reduction in their number and even to their loss, • Drafting of the National Park Management Plan "Bjeshkët e Nemuna" which is a loss of natural values. The construction of the Hydropower Plant The Bjeshket e Nemuna Park has a very good geographic position with rich in Lumbardhi i Deçanit which started before the announcement of the • Drafting a regulation on park management and administrationt; relief, high mountains, gorges, rivers, diverse landscapes and a rich flora National Park, is one of the most challenging activities for biodiversity and and fauna that together represent an attractive place to develop and visit • Promotion ofscientific, educational, recreational and touristic values the environment in general. Interventions that are happening in the river in the future. of the park; and in its two banks are a credible proof that such things on the territory Our challenge is how we can use this position and natural and cultural of the Park will not be allowed in the future. • Initiate the expropriation and replacement of the property owner in potential in favor of the cooperation and development of the park the event of the necessary implementation of developments for the Natural Disasters that occur in various forms, such as earth surface municipalities that are part of the park of Kosovo and of the countries Park. corrosion, forest diseases, fires, orbitals caused by natural and (Albania and Montenegro) that are part of the massive mountains of anthropogenic factors, endanger the created and planned prosperity. How Bjeshket e Nemuna? can they be managed, what are the opportunities? What are the Challenging in the KP "Bjeshkët e Nemuna" is how to protect the park from precautionary measures that will impact on reducing the consequences of anthropogenic and natural degradation and ecosystem pollution, in other natural disasters? words, the possibility of using park assets for today's development while The Pollution of water, air and soil - Although there is no major pollution also responsible for the future of the park for generations . in the park, this however has begun to happen. There, we have no The Landscape–The Park is rich in natural landscapes such as industrial development and heavy transport, thus, the quality of air is hydrographic, mountainous, peasant, cultural etc. Protecting the park good, but some activities such as waste disposal, tree cutting, corrosion of landscapes is a challenge. Forest destruction and uncontrolled surfaces for the construction and illegal tourist facilities of hoteliers, and developments are losing the value and importance of landscapes, so they also the unsuitable exploitation of forests that are present in the area, must be prevented. In thisaspect, an important element is the creation of affect the pollution and degradation of the environment. Insufficient cross-border programs (Kosovo, Albania, Montenegro) for the future management of the park and lack of control of developments in it identification, evaluation, protection, management and planning of ,would result in increased pollution. Such developments would open waste landscapes that cross the boundaries, in accordance with the subsidiarity landfills and wastewater would flow untreated and uncontrolled. principle of the European Charter of Local Self-Government. The landscape

plays an important role in the cultural, ecological, environmental and social spheres, and is also a source for economic activities that enable the What do the conventions and directives on the protection of the creation of new jobs. environment and cultural heritage say? The Cultural Heritage - The Park and the settlements around it are rich in There are a number of international policies and conventions regarding cultural heritage values, especially with houses, towers, archeological sites the protection of the environment and cultural heritage that are and monasteries. Preservation, exploitation, promotion and development applicable to the National Park "Bjeshkët e Nemuna". They include: of these values represent a particular challenge for the future • UNESCO's fundamental concepts say that each item of cultural and development of the park. The diversity of cultural, ethnographic, natural heritage is unique and the disappearance of any item gastronomic and landscape heritage presents potential and enables the constitutes a definitive loss and irreversible inheritance development of rural tourism, eco-tourism and cultural tourism, and also impoverishment. Natural heritage is a general property that should be it enablesthe facilitating cooperation between municipalities that are part exploited by everyone and protected in order to surrender to the of the park as well as interstate cooperation, with the harmonization of future generations, and to exploit them as well. → The Uncontrolled cutting of the forests plans of tourism development for the Bjeshkët e Nemuna mountains between Kosovo, Albania and Montenegro. • The World Conservation Union (IUCN) has categorized nature conservation areas. After the first category entering the strict nature Through the reconstruction and revitalization of houses and towers in the reserve, comes the second category in which are the national parks. park and near it, the values of traditional architecture, houses and towers "Bjeshket e Nemuna" National Park is protected by law and occupies a could be preserved by degrading and offering hostels, traditional food, place of merit in this family.

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• At the Earth Summit held in 1992 in Rio de Janeiro, world leaders agreed problems in the National Park "Bjeshkët e Nemuna". Laws relevant to How will Kosovo approach global changes with physical-geographic, on a comprehensive strategy for "sustainable development". One of the the challenge in question which should be applied are: biological change? And how can it help international efforts to address this main agreements that came out of the Summit was the Convention on problem, is it a challenge in the broader context?

Biological Diversity. This convention obliges states that have ratified it to List of indentified issues issue laws and other substantive legal acts to protect environment and • Law on Environmental Protection, • Lack of management and coordination of measures and activities in also to systematically apply responsibility to environmental destruction • Law on Nature Protection, and responsible persons. the park; • Law on the National Park "Bjeshkët e Nemuna", • The European Landscape Convention - Florence 2000 focuses on • Degradation of forests; • Law on Forests, landscape protection, management and planning in Europe. It is part of • Endanger biodiversity; the Council of Europe's work on natural and cultural heritage, spatial • Law on Protection of Agricultural Land, planning, the environment and local self-government. The concern for • Natural disasters (erosion, fire, illness); • Law on Water Protection, sustainable development, expressed at the Rio de Janeiro Conference, • Irrational use of pastures; makes the landscape a very important element in creating a balance • Law on Air Protection from Pollution, between preserving natural and cultural heritage as a reflection of • Lack of inventory of plant and animal species; • Waste Law, European identity and diversity and its use as a profitable economic • Lack of publication of specific natural species; resource to generate jobs in the framework of sustainable tourism • Law on chemicals, • Finding and using hydro-technical, agricultural and biological development. • Law on Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control, • The Convention for the Protection of the Architectural Heritage of • Law on Strategic Environmental Assessment, Europe - Granada 1985, aims to protect the architectural heritage which constitutes the irreplaceable expression of wealth and diversity of • The law on non-ionizing radiation, ionizing radiation and nuclear Europe's cultural heritage, is one of the testimonies of our past and the safety, conveyance to future generations. In addition, the Convention aims at • Law on Protection against Natural and other Disasters, improving the urban and rural environment by incorporating heritage into urban planning policies and environmental regulation that will result in the • Law on Fire Protection, economic, social and cultural development of European countries. • The Law on Cultural Heritage, • The Espoo Convention of 1991, which entered into force in 1997 • Law on Special Protected Areas concerning the assessment of environmental impact in the cross-border context, obliges states that have ratified it to make this assessment for certain activities since early planning phases. States should notify each What are the identified opportunities? other and consult if the implementation of any project could have an adverse impact on the transboundary environment. Close Context - For the protection of the environment and of all the values of the park, concrete steps should be taken such as: • 1993's Llugano Convention on Civil Obligations for Damage resulting from Hazardous Environmental Activities obliges the ratifiers of this • Clear division of responsibilities in park management; convention to compensate the injured parties to the injured parties for • Compilation of the park management plan; damage to the environment and also obliges them to providing the means • Research on the current state of biodiversity, illegal logging, disasters, of protection and returning to the previous state. and pollution in the park; • The Council of Europe's 1992 Wildlife Habitat Conservation and Wild • Signing of international conventions on nature protection; Fauna Directive sets out the measures to be taken by Council of Europe member states in order to preserve wild habitats, wild flora and fauna. • Applying relevant legislation to the park • According to UNESCO concepts, EU conventions and standards, the Extensive Context - The Park is distinguished with areas of special natural disappearance of plant and animal species as well as illegal logging of values, hydrographs, forests, pastures, meadows and biodiversity not only forests are a loss of the natural heritage of the park. in Kosovo but also wider. measures as opportunities; In terms of protection, conservation and development of a rich natural Sensitive natural areas and other valuable areas can not be treated in heritage, authorities should work to raise awareness of its values. isolation, as the impact of these areas is wider. • Water pollution in areas with potential tourism development; The Law on Spatial Planning contains the principle of sustainable In addition to the local trends from the municipalities where the Park and • Cultural heritage objects within and near the park; the regional dynamics extend and the global changes in the Balkans and development and it is now time for all the principles contained in this law, • Presence of Special Protected Areas within the park such as: beyond also affect the open environment as well as the management of then different standards, conventions and agendas to be translated into Patriarchate of Peja and Decani Monastery; concrete actions and reflected in management. natural protection, in particular in the park area. • Presence of dwellings in and around the park; • The implementation of applicable laws and international conventions will contribute to the reduction of environmental and cultural heritage

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benefit from this development and can invest in increasing the tourist offer that would result in economic growth of residents inside and outside → Planned construction 1.7.3. Rational use of natural resources for the benefit of economic the park. development in the Park It is necessary to support (financial, institutional, moral, educational) Why and what is Challenging? preservation of the authenticity of local traditions, architecture, lifestyle, The regulation and use of national parks within a country offers cooking and food, as these offer great opportunities for developing rural opportunities for economic benefits. The Territory of the Mountains is tourism capacities, eco-tourism and opportunities for economic benefits characterized with valuable variety of landscapes of scientific, educational, generated by the visitors who have these destinations. cultural - historical, recreational and tourist importance that are a good Encouraging residents to use pasture for livestock breeding, collecting potential for economic development. aromatic herbsand small fruits as productions with the park's How to preservethe natural resources in favor of economic development identification mark, enables their economic benefit to place products on to some extent are evident: uncontrolled cutting of forests, unplanned the local market and beyond. construction, uncontrolled exploitation of landscapes for commercial In a broader context–The economic impact of the "Bjeshkët e Nemuna" aspects, having consequences in the degradation of the environment and National Park in Kosovo's economy can be estimated with the revenues of the future development of the park? Kosovo's GDP and the generation of employment. Employment is Practical and technical issues are challenging related to the categorized as: i) direct employment in the park; Ii) indirectly in the park exploitation of KP "Bjeshkët e Nemuna" such as: and iii) indirectly outside the park.

•General knowledge development on the natural and cultural values of the NP "Bjeshkët e Nemuna", for the possibilities of economic gain; • Preventing harmful impacts in the national park; • The use of pastures, aromatic herbs and wild fruit trees in harmony with the law on nature protection and related laws; • The development of eco-tourism and traditional agriculture which are not inconsistent with nature conservation but require an active management; • Planning of park developments: construction, reconstruction and protection of traditional facilities as well as tourism development in the park; • Increasing the tourist offer for the benefit of the park's economic development; • Preparation of programs suitable for different visitor groups; • Preparation of programs for recreational activities, scientific research; • Inter-municipal, cross-border and international cooperation regarding the development of the KP "Bjeshkët e Nemuna"; • Recognition of the KP "Bjeshkët e Nemuna" at the WWTC-World Tourism Council (as is the case with the project "Balkan Mayors" - organized by the Municipality of Peja; • Kosovo's competition with its natural resources in tourism in the region and beyond;

What are the identified opportunities? In the narrower context - KP "Bjeshkët e Nemuna" can be financially self- sustaining, while revenues can be used for its protection and development. Municipalities around the NP "Bjeshkët e Nemuna" can

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The park offers direct employment, but its impact on indirect employment 1.7.4. Revitalizing of traditional activities in park dwellings and inside and outside its borders is huge. Specific examples are local products preserving tradition as a factor influencing the abolition or reduction of and traditional hospitality that increase the tourist offer. migration The values of national parks should be protected and preserved, so Inside and around the park, there are a large number of autochthonous tourism activities and other activities should not harm those values. settlements, which with the extension, operation, organization of life in Environmentally-dependent activities such as tourism and recreation are general and beautiful landscapes provide many opportunities for the intensive environmental users and thus they do not harm the environment development of rural tourism and tourism in general. These settlements they depend on. are scattered on high hills and surrounded by natural landscapes. In most of these settlements, especially the settlements that lie in the territory of Employment inside and around the national park has its prospects for Peja and Deçan, have a special culture of clothing and manifestations, tourism and agriculture. which are quite tempting for local and foreign tourists. This region is also With the regulation of the national park, it is necessary to organize and known for its distinctive clothing, singing and dance, unlike other parts of managee the flow of more visitorwho stay shorter, based on the goals of Kosovo, which we should preserve and cultivate. This culture has been the spatial planning of the park and enabling numerous visits, always in compliance with the rules for the various areas of protection within the → The uncontrolled collection of medicinal plants and wild fruits park and with the permanent intention to preserve the values of the park. National park should not be part of the tourist industry, but can be a qualitative part of the tourist offer. National park and natural parks are areas of great values and potentials of a country, thus they should not be treated as part of local development. Tourist offer may increase if the developments are planned knowing that: • National parks are tourist icons inside and outside the state borders, • The park creates an image or national identification • The economic benefit is greater outside the park, • The Park supports not only local economies but Kosovo as a whole.

Opportunities of those mentioned above would increase if national park was recognized by international organizations for the purpose of protecting the values of the park and this recognition would create opportunities for financial support from the same financial organizations. Wider market with a competitive spirit in the world of tourism is a challenge, and this can be achieved only through a more specialized offer such as winter and summer mountain tourism, eco-tourism, rural tourism, cultural tourism, health tourism, Adventure tourism, etc. The List of identified issues: • Achieving European standards for tourism in the future; • Insufficient capacities compared to tourist requirements / Increased tourist offer;

• Returning residents to local traditions; inherited by generations but the tendencies are to replace these traditions • Kosovo's competition with its natural resources for tourist offer, in with contemporary developments by making these traditions or ancient relation to the region; culture of this side to remain in the past. This is a very challenging issue that local institutions and society should think well of in preserving and • Cooperation between Kosovo, Albania and Montenegro in function cultivating the true values of this area. of conservation and planned development in the geographic area of the Bjeshket e Nemuna; Preservation and cultivation of traditions have a positive effect on park development and vice versa. Joining the cultural and natural values that

51 Spatial Plan for the National Park "Bjeshkët e Nemuna" Institute for Spatial Planning this side has, it is attractive to tourists; therefore, it should be done all that because they have to restore the local community's interest in dealing All the mentioned before deficiencies in infrastructure, of course, need to is possible by different people that none of the mentioned values leave with the above-mentioned activity and providing employment and be eliminated. What should be done first? What are the investment the other. The combination of these two will undoubtedly have a positive alleviating poverty . priorities in road infrastructure, energy infrastructure, water impact on the park, and the benefits for the local community and local infrastructure, telecommunications and how to secure financial means? Lack of educational and health infrastructure in the hills and mountainous institutions will be multiplied. How to achieve infrastructure development according to plan and areas, represents a permanent risk of massive population migration, which eliminate deficiencies? All of these are a challenge, that in the post-1999 Another feature of these settlements is the culture of housing in this direction should be in the future an adequate solution to prevent Kosovo, there were many spatial developments without plans, because construction and the organization of family life, which, in most cases, mass migration of the population and Depopulation of settlements. the responsible authorities did not have the opportunity and will to stop resemble the traditional culture of construction and accompanying space. The abovementioned issues and other economic activities provided them; on the other hand Infrastructure is developed with investments, The latter seems to be experiencing a major transformation from day to employment opportunities and generated income, thus, many families while Kosovo according to European standards is still a poor country with day by replacing houses or huts from natural materials to strong materials, enjoy a comfortable life away from today's poverty, but this also made limited investment opportunities. replacing old (traditional) houses with modern homes, thus making the rural houses quite attractive for many foreign and local tourists. Also, pattern of traditional homes lose and also organize family life with all its these settlements are a value to the national park and vice versa with components. traditional first hand inns and meals from the locals. This side is also known for the development of economic branches such as Issues that should be addressed are: livestock, beekeeping, and natural fruit collection. All of these economic branches were once profitable, from which numerous families managed to 1. Development of physical infrastructure; secure their social well-being. These economic activities in the last decade 2. Subsidies to farmers in order to increase community interest have shown a lack of interest by the local community for various reasons, inreturning to the traditional field; causing many of the rural households to give up (interest) in developing 3. Organizing cultural events from the local community and these activities and securing family well-being from the mentioned above activities. Once (before '99), in these rural settlements and high institutional support in order to make life easier and more attractive; mountains, with great opportunities for the development of the economic 4. Provision of market for placing agricultural products; branches, especially of livestock, was sparked by the large attendance of livestock farmers, numerous flocks, etc., another side of benefiting of 5. Supporting the farmer if of natural or other disasters happe households from the development of these branches, were also quite attractive for many tourists. Remember the traditional days or weeks in 1.7.5. The Planned infrastructure development the early spring when cattlemen climb into the mountains to return to their homes, and how magnificent and how interesting their manifestation The park's functioning largely depends on the existence of the proper was for the physical infrastructure in it. For this reason, the infrastructure needs to be provided because its development means to enable the movement of

people and goods, electricity, water supply and wastewater management Local residents and many tourists, when in the fall season they and communication between people etc. returningfrom the apartment to rural settlements due to the deterioration The Bjeshkët e Nemuna National Park has great potential for tourism of the weather, which were also accompanied by songs and dancing and development, but it can not be developed without proper infrastructure, other accompanying activities. Everyone was delighted with this event which is the basis for any kind of economic development. Currently, because of the fact that whole families, especially rural ones, live from the physical infrastructure is not at the level that would enable the development of the agricultural branches mentioned above. development of tourism, but also the needs of residents within the park. It Taking agriculture, especially livestock farming and securing family income is therefore necessary to invest in its development. Thus, access to some from the latter, is currently a big challenge because interest has dropped settlements within the park is quite difficult due to bad roads where only considerably compared to previous periods. 4X4 vehicles can easily circulate. It is also necessary to adjust the walking The migration of the population from rural areas to the urban areas and paths. The infrastructure that supports the development of skiing in the the abandonment of many houses and rural settlements are a testimony park is in an inadequate developmental level and does not satisfy the of those mentioned above. Today village town migrations are a part of demands of ski lovers. There is no public water supply system or sewerage everyday life; thusresidents are moving and emptying the rural settlement system installed in any dwelling within the park, and there is no fixed where their grandparents lived. Almost all the population structures in the telephony network in some settlements there is no GSM signal. Only two last decade have been involved in migration, mostly young generations. settlements within the park have the Internet, and no settelment within The motives for urban village migrations are numerous and different that the park is covered by the TV signal and there is no cable television either. it is difficult to say that this is the first motive, but the motives in general As the park has great natural values, preserving these values emerges as a are related to the search for a better life and the commitment of local need and objective for the future. In order for these values to be institutions to support through the creation of adequate infrastructure, preserved, the development of the infrastructure should be done and also the and access to the above-mentioned economic branches.The according to the plan, because unbaseddevelopments in the plan would emergence of rural migration is a huge challenge for the institutions lower natural values.

52 Spatial Plan for the National Park "Bjeshkët e Nemuna" Institute for Spatial Planning

2. VISION,PRINCIPLES AND GOALS preserve its natural and cultural values. For these reasons, the spatial II VISION, PRINCIPLES AND GOALS planning of the national park aims to protect and preserve the values of 2.1. VISION natural and cultural heritage in the park. Natural and cultural heritage is an important factor of economic development and basic prerequisite for the development of tourism. Through the good management of park The National Park "Bjeshkët e Nemuna" is a place with rich biodiversity assets, it will contribute to the preservation of identity and diversity of where all habitats and species are preserved; nature and culture. The objectives to achieve this goal are: It is a Park with a land in function of its conservation and socio-economic 1. Awareness and information for the national park; development, with particular emphasis on the development of sustainable 2. Inventory of biodiversity; tourism, which enhances the well-being of the community within and 3. Publication of specific natural species; around it; 4. Protection and preservation of plant species in general and relic, Also a Park with a large number of visitors who find hospitality, inspiration endemorelic, and endemic parks of the Balkans in particular; and pleasure by taking advantage of the opportunities offered by the 5. Conservation of fauna in general and species of endemic mammals parkfor recreation and tourist are convinced for the perfect treatment of and birds, and relics the park; 6. Preservation of poultry species which are threatened, and are found in the European Red Booklet register; Residents inside and around the park preserve and advance heritage and 7. Protection of all types of forest vegetation from their degradation cultural traditions. and illegal cutting; 8. Protection of environmental elements (air, water and soil) from agitation and degradation; 9. Protection against natural and man-made disasters; 2.2. OBJECTIVES AND GOALS Continuous monitoring of water resources, rivers, lakes, morphological occurrences and their protection from pollution and degradation; 2.2.1. Goal –Administration, efficient management and 11. Application management regime of the value and resources of the cooperation in the service of the park park; 12. Awareness and information on the role and importance of natural In order to carry out its function, the park must be under the supervision and cultural heritage; and responsibility of a particular subject, which will administer and 13. Rational utilization of the natural and cultural heritage values of manage it, which meansa particular care for its preservation and the park; development.Consequently, a park that does not have this treatment 14. Provide the necessary infrastructure for TK areas and facilities; could not maintain its natural values,while developments, whether those 15. Reconstruction of KK value buildings while maintaining their full are constructions or tourist visits, they would have beenunplanned, stihic authenticity; and unristricted, of course this would haveresulted in devaluation, park 16. Inter-institutional cooperation between central and local space damage and to the loss of its attractiveness. For this reason, this governmental and non-governmental organizations; spatial plan places the effective management and administration of the 17. Protection and promotion of spiritual heritage park alsothe cooperation in the service of the park.

Objectives for reaching out this golas are: 2.2.3. Goals - Development of tourism and economic growth of the park Objectives: 1. Transparent and good administriation ; The development of tourism and the economic growth of the park is one of the most important goals for the National Park "Bjeshkët e Nemuna". 2. Efficient management of developments; Developing a strategy for economic development and tourism 3. Local and international cooperation development for the park is a challenge becausethe natural resources are limited. Thus, not only the negative environmental impacts should be 2.2.2. Protection, preservation and rational use of the values of minimized, but also the economic benefits of tourism should contribute to natural and cultural heritage in and around the park the preservation and planned use of natural resources. A certain area can not be declared as a national park if its environment is Natural resources like pastures are used for the economic needs of the not clean, and if it does not have a rich natural heritage. The rich cultural park's residents. Maintaining and strengthening the traditional way of heritage would be one more reason for proclaiming it the national park. cultivating agriculture, livestock, farming and organizing farmers in an The National Park "Bjeshkët e Nemuna" has these values, but it is association, and placing products on the market, thus, this will significantly necessary that these values to be preserved so that it continues to be a increase the possibilities for good income. national park and function. The park's function is to create better conditions to be visited, and frequented by tourists, thus, primarily to

53 Spatial Plan for the National Park "Bjeshkët e Nemuna" Institute for Spatial Planning

PK "BN" as well as other natural protected complexes in the world should decline, and if this decline continues there would be a bigger decline; 3. Protection against natural and man-made disasters; be primarily in the service of pleasure, recreation and above all the these settlements would be completely emptied by the population. 4. Development of traditional agriculture, livestock and beekeeping cultural rise of visitors. This space has a unique natural, scientific, This population has its own traditions and cultural identity that has passed educational, cultural and tourist heritage. This is the area where scientific, with the aim of economic gain and development of ecotourism; through generations, which can only be preserved by staying in this area tourist and recreational interests can be combined, but at the same time united, so if this area is emptied, the identity of its inhabitants will also be 5. Creating a park image and promoting tourism; nature as a viable asset to be preserved. in question.Consequently, very important part of the identity of the 6. Increasing the quality of education; The development of tourism in "Bjeshkët e Nemuna" will be achieved by national park will be lost.Thus, to not allow this to happen, the goal of setting conditions for use and by planning all developments that will be socio-demographic development in the settlements inside and around the 7. Increase the quality of health care; done in the park. The development foreseen for tourism and agriculture park is set, which will affect the prohibition of depopulation. This goal sector will be the main source of revenue for the park, for local residents consists in sustainable social development and tends to preserve the and for the whole country, and also raising the level of awareness for the traditions and cultural identity of the area. The cultivation of traditional values of the park increases and completes the tourist offer. values and the development of traditional activities will have an impact on the revival of this area. The realization of this goal will be made possible Regarding the tourist offer for the "Bjeshkët e Nemuna" NP, there are through the implementation of the following objectives: forseen someoffer types based on the conditions, accommodation and services for the visitor's stay. Therefore, facilities like hotel-tourism, Objectives: services, and infrastructure will be a driving factor for tourism movements 1. Increasing the quality of education - education; with minimal impact on the natural environment and the autochthonous architecture will be respected as well. 2. Increase the quality of health care; It is important that the NP "Bjeshkët e Nemuna" is recognized and 3. Revitalization of depopulated settlements accepted in the international tourist network, and as a result there will be an increase in the amount of goods and services for the area around the park and also for Kosovo as well. 2.2.5. Aim - Providing public services and access to the Park The objectives that should be achieved for the economic growth of the One of the identified goals for the national park is the provision of public park are: services in the park. In order to achieve this goal and for the residents to Objectives: have all the necessary public services, the respective physical infrastructure should be built and upgraded. The construction of this

1. Development of traditional agriculture, livestock and beekeeping with infrastructure enables the proper functioning of the park and thus forms the aim of economic growth and development of ecotourism; the basis for economic development, especially the development of 2. Sustainable use of natural resources, BMA (medicinal and aromatic tourism, which of course would not be possible if the different settlements plants) and PFE (wild fruit trees) for economic benefits; of the park would not were well connected by roads, if the public transport was not regulated or if there was no regular supply of electricity, 3. Planning of developments for the protection of the areas around and water and if mass media. This goal can be achieved through these goals inside the park; Goals: 4. Human resources trainned for tourism industry and economic benefit opportunitiesfor local residents; 1. Provision of the road and transport infrastructure; 5. Education and training for the development of human resources in 2. Provision of the electricity infrastructure; the tourism industry; 3. Provision of the water infrastructure;

6. Creating a park image and promoting tourism; 4. Provision of the telecommunication infrastructure;

7. Cross-border cooperation, international recognition of KP "Bjeshkët e 5. Provision of the infrastructure for waste management Nemuna" and connection of tourism product with international tourist networks

2.2.4. Goal - Socio-demographic development in the park and around it 2.3. Strategic Priorities The number of population in settlements within the national park has continued to decline over the last forty years. According to the 1971 1. Protection of environmental elements (air, water and soil) from census, there were 4743 inhabitants in the park,an druring 2011 census agitation and degradation; dhe number declined in 476 inhabitants, about 10 times less. It is the 2. Protection of all types of forest vegetation from their degradation stagnation of socio-economic development that has caused this drastic and illegal cutting;

54 Spatial Plan for the National Park "Bjeshkët e Nemuna" Institute for Spatial Planning

FRAME 3.1. The Concept of Spatial Development III Based on the main concept of spatial development of the Kosovo Spatial OF SPATIAL DEVELOPMENT Plan 2010-2020 +, Kosovo's territory is divided into zones according to the characteristics and development potentials. In this regard, the Peja Region, which is part of the "Bjeshkët e Nemuna" National Park, is located Frame of Spatial Development in the orange-colored space in the western part of Kosovo. This area due to its proven natural content and values has been the main reason to be The Spatial Development Framework expresses the spatial forecast for the defined as the "Garden of Kosovo" epithet. This definition is the National Park "Bjeshkët e Nemuna". It contains the concept of future foundation from which the development of the spatial development spatial development and spatial structure for future development and concept for the Park area itself has begun. organization. 3.1.1. Division into zones according to the protection and

The vision for future spatial development for this space, given in the exploitation administration Spatial Plan of Kosovo is: This division is in compliance with the Law ofthe National Park The Developed cultural and touristic agro-industrial trade, developed into the roots and ancient traditions, with responsible and efficient local government, in cooperation with its citizens and actors for the implementation of development goals, using natural and human resources especially in the field of tourism, business and agriculture. The announcement of Bjeshkët e Nemuna as a national park and the realization of the spatial developments that are foreseen in the Spatial Plan of Kosovo 2010-2020 is a very important step for the implementation of the vision for "Kopshtet e Kosoves". According to the concept of spatial development of the "Bjeshkët e Nemuna" National Park, the Park area is divided into several areas based on the protection, exploitation and spatial structure of the Park.

PHK - The concept of spatial development

55 Spatial Plan for the National Park "Bjeshkët e Nemuna" Institute for Spatial Planning

"Bjeshkët e Nemuna" which requires that the park's area should have endangered species of endemic flora and fauna in the area, but in 16. Special hospitals may be constructed with a specific character, such 4 areas that differ from the administration of their protection. They comparison to the first zone, their presence is more limited. This area, as hospitals for cardiovascular diseases, lungs, etc., but activities that are: besides the rich natural biodiversity, also possesses important are contrary to the tradition and culture of park residents are not allowed. 1. First Zone - Strict Protection; biogeographic, geological, geomorphological, hydrological, pedological In addition to the constructions mentioned above, other constructions are 2. Second zone - active management; and landscape values. not allowed in this area. Activities related to the use of natural resources 3. Third zone - sustainable use; The second zone is less protected area than the first zone, where one can in the second zone are more specifically regulated by the national park intervene, but in a controlled manner. The area is dedicated to active 4. The impact zone - outside the park, 50 meters from the park's management plan. boundary, and vacation and recreation of the population. The Activities that are allowed in this area are: 5. Special Protected Areas. Third zone 1. Agricultural activities such as cultivation of cereals and other Identification and definition of the boundaries of zones I, II and III was The third area in the territory of the NP "Bjeshkët e Nemuna" includes a done through expert field expeditions based on natural values with these agricultural crops, but at certain rates of use of pesticides, herbicides territory of 13,637 ha which constitutes 21.7% of the park's surface. The criterias: and nitrogen fertilizers; area includes all herbaceous and surfaces that do not have special biodiversity values or special cultural-historical values. Zone III, compared • Biodiversity of natural values (flora, fauna, ecosystems, habitats, 2. Forest cutting for sanitary purposes, to meet the needs of residents to I and II, has favorable geographic, relief and climatic conditions for etc.); for heating and to avoid the distribution of fires; tourism development. The third zone is divided into four subsections: Zone III-A or Settlement Area, Zone III-B or Zone whereare inns, Zone III-C • The endemic-relic character of natural values; 3. Reforestation in spaces that serve as protectors and regulators of or Development Zone, and Third Zone P or Private Forest Area. • Endangering of natural values; environmental damage without affecting existing forests; In subdivisions III A and III C, in addition to the activities allowed in the • Biogeographic, geological, geomorphological, hydrological and 4. Activities for extensive livestock, keeping cattle, sheep and horses, second zone, constructions for the purpose of housing, education, health landscape values; their controlled grazing, keeping and grazing goats in large batches - up and economic development, as well as tourism development are allowed. • The natural and physical boundary of the zones (valleys, mountain to 100 heads of goats per 10 km²; In section III B, the area of dwellings is allowed only for the construction of ridges, rivers and rivers, forest vegetation boundaries, rocks, roads, 5. Beekeeping other dwellings materials that are characteristic and the construction of etc.) livestock facilities and the dairy products. 6. Harvest of small fruits and medicinal plants at certain periods during First Zone In Section III-P, which includes private-owned forests, construction may the year, occur if it is shown that within the forest area there is sufficient space for As the first zone of protection in the territory of KP “Bjeshkët e Nemuna” 7. Cultivation of fruit, but not of complementary fruits and plants that planned construction or development. is proposed a total of 8,425 ha, which make up 13.3% of the national park surface. The first area is with special natural values which are make competition to the existing fruit; Generally, zone III does not allow the construction of industrial capacities that pollute the environment, including hydropower plants and characterized by rich biodiversity of flora, fauna, habitats and ecosystems. 8. Construction of skiing paths in places where the forests are not It is characterized by ecosystems with authentic potentials unchanged or unauthorized use of inert materials. Constructions should be based on this damaged or where there is a little is damage, construction of walking slightly changed as a result of traditional management practices. This area spatial plan and regulatory plans and also be in full harmony with the paths for visitors' relaxation; is also characterized by high density of typical, rare and endemic species of natural environment. vegetation, and with a high density of plants under protection, with special 9. Installation of ski lifts; Impact Area (ZN) rocks and as an area migration wild goat, Bears and lynx. Thus, the life of This area extends beyond the territory at a distance of 50 meters from the 10. Recreational sport activities such as walking, bicycle riding, skiing, the world's plant habitats (flora with forests, herbaceous, etc.) and animal park boundary. This area serves as a protection of natural values within the species (fauna with mammals, snakes, birds, etc.) is developed in etc.; Park. completely natural conditions. This identified zone proclaimed as the first 11. Construction of roads and railways connecting the territories zone is in a strict protection as nature reserves .Nature reserves can only belonging to the third zone, while the construction road for cars is not Special Protective Zones (ZVM) be used for scientific and educational needs. permitted; These areas are defined according to the Law on SPOs (Law No. 03 / L-039) Second Zone 12. It is not permitted to transport the fuel and other harmful and present the values of cultural heritage with special protection, in substances; which developments are carried out according to the provisions of the As the second area in the territory of the KP "Bjeshkët e Nemuna" is Law. proposed the surface of 40.966 ha this constitutes 65.0% of the national 13. Utilization of running water resources up to 1500 meters in order to supply residents with water; park surface. A considerable part of the second zone is covered with forests and pastures. Pastures are widespread over grassy vegetation 14. Utilization of water resources in order to supply the residents with where the climate of the high mountains (alpine and subalpine) prevails. water through the wells by building their associated infrastructure; 15. Exploration of mineral resources is permitted only with the The second zone is larger in comparison to the other two areas and is permission of the responsible authorities, while the operation of characterized by forest and herbaceous ecosystems. There are rare and surface mines such as quarries or mines is not allowed;

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→The List of First Strict Zones → Zones in the Park No Name Municipality Ha

1 Strellc Mountain Deçan / Pejë 898 2 Guri i verdhë Pejë 900 3 Gryka e Rugovës Pejë 632 4 Kopraniku Mountain Pejë / Deçan 982 5 Lumbardh 1 Mountain Deçan / Pejë 276 6 Prilepi Mountain Deçan 106 7 Mariashi Deçan 696

8 Baballoq Mountain Deçan 419 B. Kozhnjeri dhe Maja e Ropsit 9 Kurvadha Mountain Deçan 988 10 Gryka e Sushices Pejë 924 11 Zhlebi Pejë 253 12 Rusolia Pejë 771 13 Burimi i Drinit të Bardhë Pejë 245 14 Gubavci Pejë 77 15 Rrasa e Zogut Junik 173 Zone Ha % 16 Kërshi i Jodoves Deçan 24 16 Lumbardhi 2 Mountain Deçan 60 First Zone 8.425 13.3 Total 9.842 Second Zone 40.962 65.0

Third Zone 3.641 5.8

Third zone B 2.499 4.0

Third zone C 2.083 3.3

Third zone P 4.668 7.4

ZVM 750 1.2

Total 63.028 100

→ Maja e Ropsit

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3.1.2. Division into zones according to spatial structures Lake and river areas These are the rivers and the areas along the Lumbardhi i Pejës, Lumbardhi i Deçanit, Ereniku, but also along other important waterways within the Part of the concept of spatial development is also the division of the park, as well as for park lakes and areas around them. Before entering the park space into areas that have their particular identities as certain town, Lumbardhi i Pejes pass through the famous gorge, Rugova Gorge, spatial structures. They are: which in 1985 was declared a monument of nature. Due to this monument which is protected by law from any violation of the natural values that may • Forest Areas; come from men, but also because the watercourses and lakes in the park have a very great natural value and are a landscape attraction and very • Grassland areas; necessary for life, the spatial planning of these areas has the main • Villages and development areas; emphasis on their protection. So waterways and lakes must be protected from any form of pollution and from adjacent buildings. Of course, this • River and lake areas; planning does not exclude the development of the river and its • Entrances to the park; construction, but construction can only take place if these areas are in harmony with zone III according to the protection law and according to the • The "Battle of Koshare" Law on Kosovo Waters by which objects can not be constructed in the vicinity Less than 30 meters from the river. Forest Areas These areas make up the majority of the park's surface. Spatial planning Park EntranceThe entrance areas in the park in terms of objects and for these areas depends on which areas under the protection law match developments create a certain identity of these areas in their spatial the 1st or 2nd zone. Forests are valuable natural resources of the national structure. The functions of these entrances are to enable visitors to park park and are located almost in areas I and II, so planning focuses on the their motor vehicles, informing and guiding them, providing a service to protection of them, but without excluding certain developments which visitors, monitor their entry and exit and also secure financial entry fees mainly consist of residents' activities for exploitation of the wood mass in from them. Consequently, the spatial planning of these areas is oriented the forests that are owned by them. These activities happen in order to towards the realization of these functions, which among other things meet the basic needs of the owners but also for their economic benefits. consist of the construction of certain objects for these functions. Activities should be based on this spatial plan and in the park management The area of special interest “The Battle of Koshare" plan. The Koshare area lies in the southern part of the Park, which in terms of Grassasland Areas protection belongs to the second protection zone. Its central part, where Most of the pastures are located in zone II but there are also in zone I and major developments are foreseen, belongs to the third area of III. With the exception of those located in zone I, in grassland areas there development. At the beginning of 2014, the Kosovo Assembly approved may be certain interventions depending on whether these zones the spatial development plan for the Koshare area, which starts and ends correspond to Zone II or Zone III. These interventions or activities are in at the central point (Zone 1), and at the martyrs cemetery which is the the function of economic development such as tourism, agriculture, most important content of the entire area. It is the foundation of all livestock and beekeeping developments, and there are interwoven roads linking this area with the spatial developments around it.

Villages and Development Areas →the Battle of Koshare–The Spatial Development Strategy Villages and the development areas outside the villages match only Zone III under the protection law. In zone III, according to law, there are The Koshare's wide area has a strategic position, surrounded by some of limitations regarding human intervention and development. There may be the contents that are of particular importance not only for the region, but constructions in the function of tourism development and of households its importance also exceeds the broader areas. This the main argument that do not pollute and degrade the environment. Some development that the spatial development plan for the Koshare area is based precisely areas outside the villages have a great potential for tourism development, on the relationship between the respective contents of the maximum especially winter sports, while villages have the potential to develop rural utilization of the interactions that can be built between these contents and tourism, agriculture, livestock and beekeeping. In the villages and in the the Koshare area itself. development areas there may also be development of the processing Therefore, having in mindthe elements mentioned above, Koshare area industry of agricultural, livestock, wood products etc. Of course, in the should be transformed into a sustainable tourism attraction, influencing national park no development is allowed that defiles or degrades it. the development of the whole region. It is important to note that such developmentwill affect the preservation and promotion of the natural and historical values of this area and Albanians in general.

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3.2.THE DEVELOPMENT SCENARIOS The next scenario is the maximum of protection scenario, according to which the strict protection zone is maximized. Unlike the development Three development scenarios are dealt with the concept of the scenario, the maximum protection scenario is considered unstable due to development process. One of the scenarios is orientated to the Maximum evaluation of development scenario the large developmental constraints and without it protection is development of the Park; according to it the maximum growht of the third Aim Impact on Desription of this impact impossible for the environment. With such scenario it isalso impossible to zone is proposed. Such a solution is a very negative impact on the the develop the turism and its branches as a powerful field of development environment, witha great risk of losing the basic characteristics of the Park growth not only for the area. and also of sustainable tourism development. Managing of Pozitive

park efficiently Negative and Neutral This scenario does not seem to have any collaborating positive or negative impact on achieving in the service this goal. Its achievement largely depends of the park on the preparation, professionalism and dedication of management staff as well as the readiness for cooperation. Protection, Pozitive preservation Negative This scenario consists of the maximum and rational extent of the third area of the park, use of the including the parts where the natural values of heritage values are to be met, which natural and should belong to the second and the first cultural zone. Since in the third zone the heritage in and protection regime is less rigorous than in around the others, the natural values that would park enter the area would be significantly less protected. Neutral Development Pozitive The extension of the third zone has a of the positive impact on achieving this goal tourismand becauseit will have more space for the economic constructions in function of the economic growth of the growth of the park. park Negative The biggest construction space may also have a negative impact on this goal. The more natural values that are lost due to the transformation of land into construction land, the less attractive it becomes park for tourists as well. Neutral Socio- Pozitive This scenario provides space for demographic constructions where there will be even development those that are in function of socio- in settlements demographic development and this within and means that it has a positive impact on around the achieving this goal. park Negative Neutral Providing Pozitive Providing space for construction, thus access and also providing space for building public services infrastructure that enables achieving the to the park goal.

Negative Neutral

59 Spatial Plan for the National Park "Bjeshkët e Nemuna" Institute for Spatial Planning

And finally, the third scenario or "compromise" scenario is dealt with, the Evaluation of the protection scenario Providing access and public services to the park summaries of ideas and proposals from two broad scenarios. The scenario Aim Impact on the Description of the impact Aim Impact on the Description of the impact of compromise has been assessed as the most appropriate and in harmony achievemnt of achievemnt of with the general requirements that will have maximum impact on the the goal the goal sustainable development of the Park. According to this scenario, the Efficient Pozitive Efficient Pozitiv concept of spatial development of the National Park "Bjeshket e Nemuna" Administratm Negative Administratmana Negativ protects maximum natural values of park. The whole territory of the Park anagemetand Neutral This scenario does not seem to have gemetand Neutral This scenario does not seem to is divided into several areas, which for the main criterion have the level cooperation any positive or negative impact on cooperation of have any positive or negative and the way of protection and exploitation. Based on these rules, the of the park achieving this goal. Its achievement the park impact on achieving this goal. territory of the Park will consist of Strike Protection Levels (Zone I), which largely depends on the preparation, Its achievement depends are distinguished by the content of natural values, the maximum professionalism and dedication of mainly on the preparation, protection degree and the minimum level of exploitation. The largest area management staff as well as the professionalism and dedication of the Park will be covered by Zone II or the freese exploitation area, readiness for cooperation. of management staff, as well as which consists pastures and some low forests. The most liberal use rate in these areas facilitates the realization of some activities that need to be in Protection, Pozitive This scenario consists the largest the readiness for cooperation harmony with environmental protection rules. Within this zone, the Zone preservation increase of the first area of the park Protection, Pozitiv According to this scenario, the III or the development zone is located, which is the smallest area on the and rational where the strict protection of the park preservation and zoning of the park is done in a surface, while the area is extended to all participating municipalities in the use of the values is applied; therefore its rational use of balanced way, so there is no Park. In terms of protection, Zone III has fewer limitations and more values of conservation impact is quite positive. the values of extension of any area to the opportunities for development, which must be controlled and in natural and Negative The scenario also has a negative impact natural and detriment of the other. Thus accordance with the environment. The last zone is the impact area, which cultural on this goal, because where human cultural heritage the importance of protecting includes all settlements that lie near the Park. The impact of this area will heritage in activities are not allowed, the values of in and around the natural, cultural and be great because it will be the first barrier to preventing potential misuse and around natural and cultural heritage remain the park economic values of the park it’s of the Park. In the development aspect this are has great potential. From the park unused. in the first place. financial assistance planned to be provided through donors and Neutral Negativ government programs, good conditions will be created for raising the Neutral The economic Pozitive supply for rural ecological tourism as one of the most trendy branches of growth of the Negative The large expansion of the strict area The economic Pozitiv This scenario provides sufficient tourism development. This area will be the interconnection of the Park park and the would greatly reduce the space in the growth of the space for the third area of the and its natural values with the abundant cultural heritage of the region in development park where it could be invested in park and the park where the activities for the general. To Strengthen this connection,the development of agendas, of tourism building tourism capacities and development of economic growth of the park itineraries and various tourist packages will be realized in cooperation with consequently tourism development, as tourism will be concentrated. all participants. well as where other economic activities Negativ could be developed. Neutral Communication as an important activity in the Park will be developed through motorways, which will reduce their use by heavy vehicles. To a Neutral Socio- Pozitiv This scenario also provides great extent priority will be given to the paths to be used by bicycles and Socio- Pozitive demographic space where there will be light motor vehicles and such strains will be the most natural link to the demographic Negative Restricting the economic activities, development in constructions that are in the main contents of the Park. development especially tourism, would negatively the settlements function of socio-demographic in the affect the socio-demographic within and development, this positively The main purpose of this concept is to respect environmental norms and settlements development, which depends on the around the park influences the achievement of rules as a fundamental condition for this area to become a tourist within and economic growth of the park. this goal. attraction beyond local requirements. Uncontrolled development around the Neutral Negativ including forest cutting and unplanned construction should be replaced by park Neutral a more environmentally friendly approach. Tourism will be the basic Providing Pozitive Pozitiv Providing sufficient space for foundation for development, where should be room for everyone, access and Negative This scenario prevents access to Providing access Park II and III areas provides including the local community, business sector and local and central public vehicles in some locations that cover and public space for building infrastructure decision-making. services to the first area where there is no road services to the that enables the achievement the park construction. park of the goal. Neutral Negativ Neutral

60 Spatial Plan for the National Park "Bjeshkët e Nemuna" Institute for Spatial Planning

The concept of spatial development based on the compromise" scenario

61 Spatial Plan for the National Park "Bjeshkët e Nemuna" Institute for Spatial Planning

4.1.1. Objective - Local and international cooperation, 4.1. INTRODUCTION 2 - RATIONAL PROTECTION, REMOVAL IMPLEMENTATION ACTIONS IV as well as linking tourism product to international AND USE OF NATURAL AND CULTURAL HERITAGE VALUES IN tourist networks - Cooperation between local THE PARK AND ABROAD

AND STRATEGY governmental and non-governmental institutions and Thera are set some goals are to achieve this entities, as well as international park cooperation, 4.1.1. Objective - Awareness and information about the Park - whereby experiences and activities would be exchanged The aim is to preserve and utilize the values of the national park. 4. STRATEGY AND IMPLEMENTATION ACTIONS in favor of the promotion, conservation and A good step in this direction would be to achieve the objective development of the national park. International and of awareness and information. It is important for the population The strategy is a set of concrete measures, activities, actions and projects cross-border cooperation in particular creates in general to have an awareness of the importance of the with the aim to achieve the goals and objectives set for the national park. opportunities for access to various international funds national park to be maintained and developed. Without this For each objective separately, specific projects or actions are needed to for projects with the possibility of improving and awareness, there would be hardly any set of efforts to achieve achieve these objectives. The goals to be achieved in the park are related advancing the infrastructure needed for the that goal. Such awareness could be created or strengthened to various issues and areas such as: park management and environment, development of cross-border areas. All of this has an after good information about the values of the park. The actions cultural heritage, population, social development, economic development impact on economic growth. With this objective, the needed to achieve this objective are: and physical infrastructure. international recognition of the park is also being sought. a. The park management plan should include the annual International recognition enables the information of program for communication with the public / marketing / 4.1. GOAL 1 - ADMINISTRATION, EFFICIENT PARK every country in the world about the resources, natural promotion of park values; MANAGEMENT AND COOPERATION IN THE PARK SERVICE and geophysical features of the NP "Bjeshkët e Nemuna". b. Increasing awareness of the national park through It has a positive impact on the ratification of participation in international initiatives, competition and Objectives for the achievement of this goal are environmental conventions, the ongoing protection of sensitization campaigns; specific natural values, the promotion of these values c. Work with education authorities to raise awareness about 4.1.1. Objective - Good and transparent administration - A and the interest in visiting the park. Some of the actions protected areas through school curricula and park activities; good and transparent administration of the park enables its with which this objective can be achieved are: d. The park management plan should contain the maps / good functioning, and is set as an important objective to be o a. Cooperation between scientific institutions - local and provisions for the spaces in which the public has access and for achieved in the future. This administration implies that the foreign research and the Ministry of Environment and those where there is no decisions and activities undertaken by the body management Spatial Planning; e. Preparation of book and brochures with information on the are fair, appropriate and transparent. The actions or activities o b. Organization of conferences for achieving partnership national park; needed to achieve these objectives are: between local and international experts; a. Drafting a park management and management regulation; o c. Organizing study visits and trainings internally and 4.1.1. Objective –Inventorisation of the Biodiversity - As an b. A Completed staff and equipment needed for park abroad to exchange experiences; indispensable step in the protection of biodiversity is management and management; o d. Organizing trainings for plant collectors; inventorisation. This is another objective for the park that c. Development of activities in full coordination and o e. Organizing campaigns to raise awareness and inform consists in recognizing, sorting, cataloging and mapping over a transparency with other subjects and the community the community of the role and importance of the given period of units such as genres, individuals, populations, national park; species, habitats, landscapes and ecosystems. This objective can 4.1.1. Objective - Efficient management of developments o f. Engagement agreements with local, governmental and be achieved by: This objective implies that all developments taking place in non-governmental subjects, and stakeholders during the Creating a spatial database for the national park which will serve the park are under control and planned. Planned development of various activities in the park; as an administrative tool for management and research, including developments will also mean the conservation of the park, o g. Completion of the conditions for the international information on physical development, transport, biodiversity, which could not have happened with the stihic developments. recognition of the National Park "Bjeshkët e Nemuna" land use, zoning etc. The main burden for this falls on the subject that manages the and its recognition; national park and understands it to other responsible units of o h. Admission to International Organizations and 4.1.1. Objective - Publication of Specific Natural Types - Specific the competent ministry. There are some concrete actions that Agencies: World Tourism Organization (WTO), World types should be at the center of attention, taking into account the make it possible to achieve this objective: Tourism and Travel Council (WTTC), International importance of ecological and scientific considerations. Such types a. Creation of spatial database for the territory of the park; Federation of Tour Operators (IFTO); should be considered as priority types to be monitored. In order for b. Drafting of the Spatial Plan for the National Park "Bjeshkët o i. Creation of the National Tourism Agency; specific natural species to be published, it is necessary: e Nemuna"; o j. Respect for international tourism norms and standards; a. The Park Management Plan should contain the provisions for c. Drafting of the park management plan; o k. Initiating drafting for joint projects for: annual reporting regarding the status of specific natural species and d. Coordinated and transparent development of activities o Establishment of tourist centers in cross-border areas any significant changes during the year with all local entities responsible for managing the park with Albania and Montenegro; The activity enables the registration of the presence of specific values; o O Waste treatment; species within the park for the purpose of monitoring, to ensure e. Control (inspection) of developments based on legislation o O Cultural heritage, etc. their adequate protection. and plans in force and punitive measures for excesses in use and for illegal activities

62 Spatial Plan for the National Park "Bjeshkët e Nemuna" Institute for Spatial Planning

Objective - Protecting and Preserving of plant species like relic, types of forest vegetation. This objective could be achieved 1.2.6. Objective - Protection against natural and man-made endemorelic andendemic through some actions: disasters - Natural and man-made disasters are risks that Parkland is estimated with plant species, especially relict plants, a. The controlled forest cutting, as something indispensable, adversely affect the environment, economy and social life. For endemorelies and endemic autochthonous plants. The National should be done in the second and third zone of the park in this reason, one of the objectives for the national park is to Park "Bjeshkët e Nemuna" has this plant richness and the order to have a normal development. protect the area of the park from these disasters. This objective objective is to protect it because it preserves the values a. b. Identification of locations in the second zone for the purpose can be achieved through these actions: importance and attractiveness of the park. It is necessary to take of reforestation and construction of the watersheds for forest some actions in order to achieve these objectives which are: protection; a. Designing of the emergency plan for the park; a. a. Identifying the SP spatial database important plant species b. c. Integration of a modern forest cadastre within the KP b. Preparation of risk maps by experts from different fields - that should be included in the International Plant Protection List. database, which will document and update forest property not Preparation of these maps is intended to protect and preserve Identifying and evaluating them enables park managers to only as surface and volume, but also as value and ownership at the values of nature as well as the the socio-economic activities. designate conservation sites. all levels of administration. The map presents an approximate overview of dangerous b. b.Drafting of the second part of the Red Book of the Flora of situations by calendar and by spaces in the Bjeshket e Nemuna. Kosovo. This action enables the identification of habitats within 1.2.6. Objective - Protection of environmental elements It shows the dangerous areas depending on the season, the the park and the types of vascular plants that are endangered (air, water and soil) from agitation and degradation - We spatial extent and the risk element. The maps to be made are: and require fast and efficient management. do not have results of monitored air quality in the National O maps for areas that are endangered from avalanche; Park "Bjeshket e Nemuna", but as it is away from urban, O maps for areas that are endangered to land slides; 4.1.1. Objective - Conservation of fauna and species of endemic industrial and transport impacts, It is considered as a O maps for areas that are endangered to erosion; mammals relics - The national park is valued with the richness of clean air area. Current monitoring of surface water quality O maps for areas with seismic danger; fauna species, endemic and relict species of mammals, and is insufficient to present a complete assessment of the O maps for migratory areas with very large slopes; birds. This is the richness of the National Park "Bjeshkët e situation. As far as the soil is concerned, the phenomenon O maps for areas that have dangerous wildlife; Nemuna" and its objective is to preserve the values of the park of its degradation is present through the illegal cutting of O maps for areas with potential fire risk; and the importance and attractiveness of the park. To achieve forests causing the increase of the erosion rate or b. Cooperation exercises between the Directorate of the Park, this goal, some actions must be taken: landslide. In order to achieve the objectives for the municipalities, relevant institutions and reaction forces a. Creating the Inventory of dams as part of the spatial data protection of air, water and land, it is necessary: (firefighting units, police, first aid, civil protection, KSF, KFOR and base, including habitats and migration roads; a. Integration of pollution source data into the spatial civil society). b. Creation of a monitoring network for carnivores, particularly database for the national park for species that are threatened with extinction; b. Increase the level of monitoring through the provision 4.2.10. Objective - Application of the resource usage regime c. Identification of species requiring proper treatment - it is of a mobile laboratory for measuring the pollutant and the values of the Park - For all resources of the park should necessary for some species to be protected parameters LNP, PM10, SO2, NO2, Ozone and Pb, the be applied the operating regime in order to create favorable d. Identification and protection of species that indicate construction of the hydro-meteorological station on the conditions for their protection. It is also necessary to share environmental pollution. Protected species may only be used Erenik River and the one next to Radavc's quarry. - Both of responsibility for caring for and take appropriate measures and with the approval of the competent authority. these stations are constructed after preliminary point actions. To achieve this goal, the following actions are needed: assignments by hydrology experts. a. Drafting of the management plan for the park where this 1.2.6. Objective - Preservation of poultry species that are in the c. Continuous monitoring of water resources, river basins, mode of operation is assigned - The usage administration is European Red Book - This objective focuses on the preservation lakes, forest areas, pastures, passages and morphological related to the use of agricultural land, pastures, meadows, of species found in the European Red Booklet Registry. The occurrences (caves, circles, rocks, canyons, etc.); mountain fruits, medicinal herbs, water. actions or activities to be undertaken to achieve this objective d. Constant monitoring at locations where drinking water b. Monitoring the application of the usage regime and reporting are: and hydro-energy are used; it to the Kosovo Environmental Protection Agency a. Drafting Kosovo Red List for fauna - this activity enables the e. Continuous reporting by persons responsible for identification of habitats and species of fauna that are at risk of monitoring from the Park Directorate to the Kosovo 4.2.10. Objective - Awareness and information on the role and disappearance and which require rapid and efficient Environmental Protection Agency; importance of natural and cultural heritage - Organization of management. f. Establishment of sewage treatment plant; various campaigns for awareness and information of the b. Establishing a long-term network for bird monitoring - By g. Recovered land surfaces damaged by infrastructure residents of the park, fortourists, for preschool and school setting up a network, a monitoring platform is created, such as construction; institutions, for decision-making institutions and for everyone seasonal dynamic monitoring and biological pace monitoring. h. Waste Management; who wants to visit the park, is a very important task for the b. Undertaking anti-erosion measures such as: sustainability of the park. Information on the areas of protection 1.2.6. Objective - Protection of all types of forest vegetation O Building terraces, turners, and feathers; allowed and not allowed activities in the park, as well as the from their degradation and illegal cutting - Unfortunately, O Existing forest protection from uncontrolled logging and values of natural and cultural resources are a very important today there are illegal cutting of forests in the park. Despite fire; element of this objective. this, the park is still rich in forests, but if this phenomenon O Creation of green generations in those areas where the Objectives will be achieved through these activities: persists in the future, the park will be seriously endangered. For erosion rate is high; a. Kosovo's cultural heritage (archaeological, architectural, this reason this objective has been set for the protection of all O Afforestation of bare and degraded areas. movable and spiritual) to be included in school curricula;

63 Spatial Plan for the National Park "Bjeshkët e Nemuna" Institute for Spatial Planning b. Specialization of guides for the natural, historical and cultural state of Albania and Montenegro, provides cross-border residence a school according to the standards, otherwise to values of the park of the Bjeshket e Nemuna; connectivity and cooperation opportunities through projects provide transport for home-school students and vice versa (for c. Prepare maps and brochures on the natural and cultural assets related to the promotion of natural heritage of cultural objects, the nearest residence). owned by the park; different landscapes and traditional food . In order to achieve a. Building educational facilities - kindergartens - Knowing that d. Documentary programs for the park, broadcast on certain this objective of cooperation, it is necessary to carry out activities the construction of educational facilities for each settlement days of annual manifestations; such as: costs a lot and in most settlements there are few families, e. Organize annual school excursions, visit natural and cultural a. State-level support on the role and importance of the values of families also belong to the traditional type (with many members facilities. the natural and cultural heritage of the park, through per family), it is It is unnecessary to build schools in every development policies, which will be the basis for achieving this residence, so we should build educational facilities in certain 4.2.10. Objective - Rational utilization of the values of the goal, which is the protection of TK and TN from continuous centers, objects that could be used by two or more settlements. natural and cultural heritage of the Park - The objective is to degradation; protect the values of the natural and cultural heritage from b. Harmonization of development plans related to the tourism Organizing Educational Programs for the Population - In order misuse and to be used in a sustainable manner so that the values development of the Bjeshket e Nemuna, belonging to Albania young people and adolescents to be in step with time, at least are preserved and inherited by the generation’s future. This and Montenegro, where the tourist areas and locations would be twice a year should be organized educational programs from objective could be achieved by taking actions such as: classified; different fields such as software acquisition, learning foreign a. Involvement of cultural heritage (archaeological, architectural, c. Promotion of the natural and cultural values of each country, languages, and so on. movable, spiritual and landscape) on local level plans such as organization of tourist excursions by giving importance to MDP, UDP and URP involving the area with cultural heritage, specific dates (to be organized in all seasons of the year). Objective - Increasing the quality of health services - Most whereby the future developments in these areas will be checked settlements in this area do not have a health care system. Thus, b. Drafting of conservation and management plans for areas of 4.2.10. Objective - Protection and promotion of movable and according to the law, they do not meet the criteria for having an cultural heritage for municipalities that are part of the park; spiritual heritage - Knowing that the cultural, spiritual, historical it. Then the possibility of other forms of providing health services c. Finding forms of public-private partnership that would provide heritage, traditions, food, dances, clothing, rites etc represent to citizens of this area should be considered. Activities or actions conservation opportunities, including the maintenance of the identity of this area, with this objective it is desired that this for achieving this objective are: cultural objects identity Preserved and forwarded to future generations. The a. Construction of health homes -Home houses, ambulances in activities with which this objective will be achieved are: the center of settlements, where two or more settlements 4.2.10. Objective - Providing support infrastructure for TK areas a. Organizing activities in the form of exhibitions, fairs, concerts, according to standards are built, which will enable the provision and facilities - This objective is to provide the necessary festivals where cultural heritage including the spiritual heritage of health services closer to residents. information in the park for visitor orientation, as well as the (customs, traditions, rituals, dances, music, song crafts and crafts b. Provision of ambulatory health services - Since most promotion of the cultural heritage values of the park. The actions etc.) can be presented; settlements do not meet the criteria (according to the law) to or activities with which this objective can be achieved are: b. Promotion of spiritual heritage by organizing various have a health home, there should be ambulatory service at least a. Creating a system of marking for values of cultural and natural competitions in schools, excursions, exhibitions of drawings, twice a week for ordinary citizens, while for citizens with needs heritage; photographs and other school activities; of special services are provided as needed (under the law). b. Design a park management plan that should promote cultural c. The construction of a "park" ethnological museum in which will heritage, tower-like homes, accommodation units, churches, be presented dresses, weapons, dishes used for food, 4.3.1. Objective - Revitalization of depopulated settlements - A mosques, tekkes etc. embroidered decorative elements, work tools, musical significant number of settlements (9 BC) inside and around the instruments and wood carved home appliances as well as park have been totally depopulated, some of the population tend 4.2.10. Objective - Reconstruction of TK's valuable buildings traditional meals Of these sides; to further migrate and this migration is continuing. In order to while preserving their full authenticity - Protecting objects of d. Supporting projects that stimulate the development of revitalize these vacant settlements with a tendency to emptying, cultural value, each of which has a history in itself, and the craftsmanship and the cultivation of traditional gastronomy. some initiatives and projects should be undertaken in order to preservation of authenticity and value is a primary objective. seduce citizens for better life and jobs this part of this eautiful With their reconstruction and functionalization, the past will be 4.2. GOAL 3 - SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC DEVELOPMENT IN country. Some of them are: protected and our identity will be used and preserved for future RESIDENCE INSIDE THE PARK a. Subsidies in education by age group and gender - In order to generations. To achieve this goal is necessary: The realization of this goal will be made possible through the revitalize this space with special attractions and opportunities for a. to Identify objects and needs for reconstruction and implementation of the following objectives: the development of diverse economic activities, like youth prioritization; 4.3.1. Objective - Raising the Quality of Education – A significant education we should arrange professional training from public number of rural settlements have been depopulated, some of institutions. 4.2.10. Objective - Inter-institutional cooperation between them partially depopulated or there are some where few b. Access for all and park marketing - Resuscitation of park central and local governmental and non-governmental permanently resident families have remained. Institutional dwellings can be achieved through the expansion of physical organizations - Important for the park is the inter-institutional efforts should be made to provide residents with access to the infrastructure and with development potential. There should be cooperation both at central and local level, while respecting the education system and to increase their quality. This objective facilities to do business in this area and marketing for attracting duties, obligations and responsibilities of each institution in In could be achieved with several actions such as: investments from local and foreign investors. particular, as well as the coordination of all activities arising from a. Construction of school facilities and provision of transport for c. Rugova's Traditional Week - Determining Rugova's traditional the objectives set out earlier. The geographical position of the students - In those cases where the number of students is week will help bring the attention of residents of this area to the "Bjeshkët e Nemuna" National Park and the limitation with the sufficient (according to the law) to build in their place of organization of traditional events for profit and attract local and

64 Spatial Plan for the National Park "Bjeshkët e Nemuna" Institute for Spatial Planning foreign visitors and tourists. Thus, this area will revitalize and b. Develop a strategy for creating a brand for all products O Main entrance: Peja - Rugova which will have this content: park become more tempting day by day to live ,or even invest in produced in the Bjeshket e Nemuna, be it medicinal plants, wild symbol, information boards, parking lot, park administration various activities. fruits, or agricultural products, livestock, etc. This will be part of building, where is the tourist information office, kiosk for the sale GMP and will enable these products to compete at home and of tickets for entry to the park nearby which is a ramp for cars, a 4.3. GOAL 4 - ECONOMIC GROWTH OF THE PARK OF abroad, as ecological products with international standards. museum of nature, shopping services with products of surrounding DEVELOPMENT OF TOURISM settlements, the sale of artisan items, public WC, and other The objectives for achieving these goals are: 4.3.1. Objective - Planning of developments under the protection regime services. The space for commercial services can have some shops for the areas inside and around the park - With this objective it is and some open stalls, realized in the form of a traditional mini 4.3.1. Objective - Development of traditional agriculture / intended to achieve control of developments under the protection market. All of these should be regulated by a detailed regulatory livestock and beekeeping with the aim of economic benefit and regime for the areas inside and around the park. The areas where plan, which also includes areas known as "Italian Diges" and then ecotourism development - This objective aims at raising farmers' the developments in the park are planned will be proposed based the drinking water source "Black Water" and which also removing awareness of the economic benefits of ecological cultivation of on the category of protection of the areas, on the basis of which will of existing kiosks and unauthorized stalls and addressing the issue products with traditional organic methods, for the promotion of determine the most suitable location for all activities. Based on the of unauthorized restaurants as well as the protection of water culture and tradition of the area, and alsoawakening the interest concept of spatial development, strict protection measures are accumulation and water pollution from sewage from nearby of tourists for this area. foreseen in the first area of protection. The second zone or active buildings. Control and the utilization of pastures and meadows for livestock, management area includes parts of the park's park where activities O Secondary entrances: Istog (Vrellë - Lugu i Butë), Junik, Moronicë will be organized according to the seasonal stages and areas can be carried out with nature protection, ecotourism development Gjakova (Batushë - Koshare), which will have this content: intended. and traditional farming. The third area includes parts of the park Information office, billboards, public WC and parking; This objective is achieved through these measures / actions / territory where construction, reconstruction and recreational sports O Establishment of checkpoints on the main road Peja - Rozaje at projects / activities: are forseen. the entrance of the KP space, which serves to control the a. Drafting a program for raising the awareness of visitors on the movement of vehicles entering the park, according to the park opportunities offered by the park for the development of eco- Planning of park developments will give priority to projects in management regulation; tourism and agro-tourism, which should be treated according to areas where developments are taking place, while other localities d. Feasibility study and drafting of new projects, as well as the the provisions contained in the park management plan (PMP); will be developed at later stages based on the priorities set by the harmonization of existing projects without being in contradiction b. Develop a program for awareness raising of inhabitants on the Park Directorate in cooperation with municipal representatives with the implementation provisions foreseen in PHPK "BN" as: possibilities of cultivating organic agriculture in the areas inside participating in the park: O Project "Teleferik Peja - Kopranik"; and around the park (Rugova, Istog, Deçan, etc.), according to the O Locality of Kozhnjer, Location of Strellc Mountains; O Project "Kopranik Tourist Center" - Peja; provisions foreseen in the PMP; O Locals Beleg Mountain, Prejlepit, Roshkodol, Milishevci, O The "Ski Center" in the Beleg Mountains (Drafted by the Institute c. Creation of facilities for breeding of livestock and farm opening; Zllonopoja, Baballoqi; for Urbanism of Croatia - eighty years); d. Establish collection points within the park with all necessary O Mountains, Zalli i Rupës, Carrabregu, Deçani, Zogu, Dobroshi, O Project for Recreation and Tourist Center Bogë; infrastructures; Kurvalla etc; O Project for the development of "Cultural Recreation Center in e. Determining a single location for the agro-tourism market. O Lugu i Gates; Shkrel"; Possible location is determined in cooperation with the relevant O Lugu i Mushës; O Drafting a project for the "Residential Government Center" - Red municipality, park directorate and experts of the respective sector; O Zharra location - recreational-rehabilitation center; Lake location (about 40 hectares); f. Drafting a specific regulation for the development of the forestry O The Gulf of Erenik, including the localities: Gradina, Jedovoa O The cable car project connecting Deçan with Beleg Mountains; sector, including rules for cutting and transporting the forestry Erenik, Gjeravica Lakes O Project for "Recreational and Rehabilitation Center" - Zharra (private and social) measures as well as fiscal policies, according to O Batusha Area, including Gjocaj, Jasiq, Rrasa e Koshares; Location; the provisions outlined in the national park management plan. With planning of developments, the entrances. O Project for renovation and revitalization of "Children and Youth Exits to the park are foreseen in order to monitor, inform the Vacation" in Deçan; 4.3.1. Objective - Sustainable use of natural resources, BMA visitors, as well as the collection of the park revenues that will be O The project for the renovation and reactivation of the old hotel (medicinal and aromatic plants) and PFE (wild fruit trees) for used for the needs of the park. complex on the Deçan vacation resort; economic benefits - With this objective, it is possible to control Regulatory plans can be developed for the parks and special e. Detailed regulation plans can be developed for settlements the utilization of pastures, livestock and harvesting of BMA and attention will be paid to the maintenance of the structure and the within the park that will provide rural tourism such as Bogë, Belle, PFE ecologically and also organizing according to the seasonal autochthonous construction of the park. Drelaj, Shtupeq, Reka of Allaga, Lipë, Malaj, Jasiq, Gjocaj; timeframes and the determination of harvesting areas resulting in The area of influence or settlements around the park will serve to f. Determination of areas of camps in cooperation with the protection of the rich environments, good management and prevent harmful impacts in the park. Attention will be paid to the representatives of respective municipalities, the Park Directorate economic benefits. improvement of infrastructure conditions and the awareness of and relevant experts; This objective is achieved through these actions, activities which the population for the preservation of natural values. O Drafting camp projects according to the provisions for should be detailed and defined in the framework of the park The projects with which this objective can be achieved are: implementation of this spatial plan; management plan: a. Public Private Investment and Agreement and Investment; O Summer camp for children and youth in the village of Haxhaj; a. Drafting a regulation on the sustainable use of certain areas for b. Harmonization of MDPs: Istog, Peja, Deçan, Junik and Gjakova O Harmonization of the rules. the collection of BMA and PFE as well as the harvesting timeframe, with PH of the National Park "Bjeshkët e Nemuna"; which should be included in the PMP; c. Establish Entrances - Outbreaks in the Park with accompanying 4.3.2. Objective - Education and training of human resources for the content: tourism industry and opportunities for economic benefit for local

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residents - The objective is to identify and plan the development of 4.5.1. Objective - Provision of road infrastructure and transport existing values and opportunities for increasing community incomes One of the components of physical infrastructure to be provided while maintaining the natural and traditional resources. And the in the park is road infrastructure. By means of easily accessible Involvement of local residents in tourism development will play a key roads for motor vehicles and pedestrian paths, access to the role in raising awareness and generating direct or indirect support for villages within the park and other contents that are in function maintaining these values and generating theeconomic prosperity. of, sport, recreation and production should be provided. Inclusion of the population in the preparation of qualified staff for the Ensuring a good road network enables the development of tourism sector offers numerous opportunities for employment of public transport, which is a great opportunity to experience the people of all ages and abilities. natural values of the park, while the inhabitants of the park Municipal development plans should consider tourism as the key facilitate the movement in village-village and village-town economic sector for LED, promoting the values and the identity of relations. The objective of road infrastructure and transport the area for marketing purposes, in order to generate revenues security would be achieved by carrying out actions or carrying from this sector which contributes to the creation of new jobs. out the following projects: This objective will be achieved through these measures / activities a. Extension and asphalting of the regional road R108 in Deçan - and projects: the border with Montenegro, 23 km long. The ultimate road a. Institutional support (subsidies) for resident within and around route must be defined on the basis of a Stakeholder Agreement; the park for rural tourism; b. Construction of Peklenes road with adequate width, with a b. Identification and adaptation of individual houses for rural transport character, in the northern part that connects the city tourism; of Peja with the Black Mountain, Shtupeq, Lutovë and Malaj, c. Programs for awareness rising on rural and cultural tourism; Pepaj, Koshutan, Shkrel and Bogë; d. Public awareness through electronic and written media (TV, c. Construction of the Milishevec road with adequate width, radio, newspapers); limited to the southern part, which connects the town of Peja e. Completion of educational curricula for the tourism industry; with the Jezerc and Milishevc and exit at Zllano Poj; f. Professional development for tourist guides - tour guide guides.

4.4.5. Objective - Creation of park image and promotion of tourism–this aim is to create the image of the park with foreseen marketing programs and activities, promoting the unique values of the park. The functioning of the park as a modern complex should be published through print and electronic media that will affect the future development of the park. The projects with which this objective can be achieved are: a. The organization of tourist signaling in the main axes and main places; b. Opening of tourist offices in local centers and border points for tourist information as well as opening of representative offices in major international markets and cooperation with Albanian diaspora; c. Ensuring free and secure movement for visitors; d. Drafting a program for various groups of visitors, for visits to the park (recreation, research - scientific, educational, etc.); e. Preparation of tourist themantic maps; f. Creating a permanent financial structure that provides an ongoing marketing budget for: g. Investment in culture to increase tourism development Establishment of long-term financial mechanisms for the preservation of cultural heritage sites; Promotion of treasure hunting facilities, guesthouse towers Promotion of cult heritage sites: church, mosque, teqe; Supporting, re-evaluating and publishing cultural events and folklore festivals.

a. 4.5. GOAL 5 - SECURING PUBLIC ACCESS AND PUBLIC SERVICES This goal can be achieved through the following objectives:

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Infrastructure in Bjeshket e Nemuna park.

67 Spatial Plan for the National Park "Bjeshkët e Nemuna" Institute for Spatial Planning b. Construction of the road connecting Jabllanice with Istog, with a. a. Conduct a study with the forecast for the amount of electricity b. Installing the underground cable telephone line for bringing the adequate width, with limited transport character; needed to supply the park in the next 10 years, including the fixed telephony signal to the buildings in the villages, the tourist c. Construction of the road Junik - Lugu i Gjatë; necessary actions to secure this amount; facilities and the Memorial Complex of Koshare Battle; d. Regulation and asphalting of the main (primary) road from the b. b. Conduct a study on finding and using alternative, renewable c. Placement of (wireless) devices on the Internet network in all entrance to the park from Batushë village to the Battle of energy sources; tourist facilities, in villages and in the Memorial Complex; Koshare Battle Complex; c. c. Construction of new supply lines 10 kV or 0.4 kV with d. Strengthening of air TV signal for villages, and places with tourist e. Arranging and laying gravel on the (secondary) road from conveying stations; capacities and the Koshare Battle area, and installation of cabling in Junik through Jasiq to the Memorial Complex of Koshare Battle; d. d. Replacement of aerial lines with underground cables; buildings for cable television and the Internet; f. Adjusting the gravel on the secondary road to Karakoll and in e. e. Reconstruction and upgrading of existing distribution and traf e. Setting up postal points in places with tourist capacities. the Republic of Albania: fi c, installation and installation of new trains, all based on the O Variant from the Memorial Complex through the new bridge study under point 1; 4.5.2. Objective - Provision of infrastructure for waste over the Gusha River; f. f. Placement of pillars for the public lighting of villages within the management - The image of a clean park is very important for the O Variant II from the "Katana" Restaurant at the entrance of the park and spaces with content in function of tourism. development of tourism. It is understandable that a park with Memorial area; grabages is not attractive to the visitors and consequently the g. Implementation of the project for the regulation of mountain 4.5.1 Objective - Provision of electricity infrastructure - For the development of tourism would be questioned. For this reason, the roads for light motor vehicles and firefighters in the Memorial economic development of the national park, provision of park should be provided with garbage infrastructure to kep it clean. area; electricity supply is indispensable. All ettlements of the park Providing this infrastructure represents the next objective h. Establish a cable car in the EST area, respectively in the need it in order to function. Thus, it is needed to improve the andconsists some concrete actions such as: direction of Kopranik tourist area; current electricity infrastructure because it is not at the right a. Contracting of the operator who will manage the waste in the i. Implementation of the project for the construction of the level. The electricity distribution network should be improved, park; cable car from the Memorial Complex to the Kosra Rasta; including the installation of new trafs. In order to achieve this b. Establish garbage containers in villages, in places where there are j. Construction of pedestrian paths that enable visitors to access objective, concrete projects or actions should be realized such tourist capacities and in the Battle of Koshare area, as well as the most attractive places in the national park: as: placement of garbage bins in designated places near pedestrian O Improvement of existing trails in the northern part and in the a. Conduct a study with the forecast for the amount of electricity paths and in all parts frequented by visitors; southern part (Peja); needed to supply the park in the next 10 years, including the c. Placing of notice boards for fines following a waste disposal site in O Construction of new walking paths in the northern part and in necessary actions to secure this amount; the park; the southern part (Peja); b. Conduct a study on finding and using alternative, renewable O Improving cultural paths and building new paths; energy sources; O Development of extreme cycling paths; c. Construction of new supply lines 10 kV or 0.4 kV with O Development of riding trails; conveying stations; O Opening of skiing trails; d. Replacement of aerial lines with underground cables; k. Construction of breaks every kilometer along the pedestrian e. Reconstruction and upgrading of existing distribution paths; installation of new trains all based on the study under point 1 l. Construction of parking lots at the main entrance of the park f. Placement of pillars for the public lighting of villages within the and in places with tourist capacities; park and spaces in function of tourism. m. Placement of regular public transport lines to all settlements within the park and all other areas of important content such as 4.5.1. Objective - Securing Telecommunication Infrastructure - Today the ski resorts with hotels and accompanying infrastructure; world can not be imagined without telecommunications and means n. Construction of additional technical infrastructure needed to of communication between people. The present state of the park improve the quality of life in general. shows that it is only partially involved in telecommunication services, because the development of telecommunication 4.5.1. Objective - Provision of electricity infrastructure - For the infrastructure is not at the right level. The opportunity for people to economic development of the national park, it is understood communicate in various forms is one of the conditions for tourism that it is imperative to ensure its proper and proper supply with development and an indicator of the level of living within the park. electricity. Settlements and all other contents in the park need it From these facts mentioned above, the objective is to secure the so they can work. This raises the need for the current electricity telecommunications infrastructure which enables the park to be infrastructure to improve because it is not at a satisfactory level. fully covered by GSM mobile phone signal, so that there is a fixed The electricity distribution network should be improved, telephony, Internet, and also to be covered by Air TV signal, cable including the installation of new traf fi cs if necessary. In order to television, to enable the communication between people. This achieve the objective of providing the necessary infrastructure objective is achieved by performing these actions: for the supply of electricity, concrete projects or actions should a. Installation of antennas to cover the entire national park space be realized such as: with the mobile phone signal;

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→ Spatial development strategy for the National Park “Bjeshkët e Nemuna”

69 Spatial Plan for the National Park "Bjeshkët e Nemuna" Institute for Spatial Planning

TheSurface of the Park proposed by the investor when they are drafted within Zone III (A) before they are approved by the relevant According to the Law on CB "Bjeshkët e Nemuna" approved on 13 municipal authorities; December 2012, the surface of the Park of 62.488Ha has undergone V IMPLEMENTING PROVISIONS the necessary changes because: the measurements were made at the 1.2. PROVISIONS FOR RESPONSIBILITIES OF MUNICIPAL time when the reason for the announcement of the territory of AUTHORITIES "Bjeshket e Nemuna" National Park have been the result of technical Municipal authorities involved in the territory of the problems that have resulted in inaccurate information about the Park (Peja, Deçan, Junik, Istogu and Gjakova), apart from Park's approved border. During the process of drafting the Spatial Plan the responsibilities set out in the applicable legal basis, for the Park, Kosovo Cadastral Agency has provided official borders of are also responsible for: 5. IMPLEMENTATION PROVISIONS the Republic of Kosovo, according to which the exact surface of the park is 63.028Ha, which is used as a basis for calculations at all stages a. Active participation in the protection and promotion Implementation provisions contain conditions and measures of mandatory of the Plan. of the Park's values; character that respectively need to be met and taken during the implementation of the spatial plan. These provisions guide the At the the conclusion of the document, border demarcation between b. Observance of the rules foreseen and issued by the implementation of the plan. the Republic of Kosovo and the Republic of Montenegro is being central authorities, including the rules issued by the implemented, part of which is in line with the border of the Park. The Park Directorate;

results of this process, with a decision of the relevant Government c. Issuance of construction permits in zone III (A, P) of 1.1.1 GENERAL PROVISIONS authorities, will affect the final definition of the Park's boundary and development (settlements / villages) in accordance with 1. The Spatial Plan of the National Park "Bjeshkët e Nemuna defines the boundary lines. Eventual surface and boundary changes will not have a the competencies, rules and implementing provisions in territorial / space planning / organization and destination of territory / substantial impact on the Park's spatial and spatial development plan. force; space, also the conditions and measures of use, regulation and Protection Properties of the Park d. Approval of Detailed Regulatory Plans and urban of the Park; The property is not a subject of treatment in the document; this issue solutions proposed by the investor, as previously agreed 2. The Spatial Plan for KP "Bjeshkët e Nemuna" covers a period of time of is regulated by applicable laws in force, defining the rights and with the consent of the Ministry; at least ten years from the final approval of the Assembly of Kosovo; responsibilities of the property, whose observance will create 3. Review of the Plan is done every five years, but may be done in a conditions for the sustainable development of the Park. PROVISIONS FOR RESPONSIBILITIES OF THE AUTHORITY shorter period depending on the essential requirement for changes in the RESPONSIBLE FOR PARENTAL ADMINISTRATION field; 1.1. 1 MINISTRY'S RESPONSIBILITY PROVISIONS 4. Responsible for the revision of the Plan is the Ministry of Environment and Spatial Planning / Institute for Spatial Planning (hereinafter referred to The authority responsible for managing the park is the as: the Ministry); 1.2. 1. The Ministry is responsible for drafting, monitoring Directorate of the National Park "Bjeshkët e Nemuna”. and implementing the Spatial Plan of the National Park 5. The provisions for implementing the Plan define the manner of Apart from the responsibilities arising from the legal "Bjeshkët e Nemuna"; regulation of space and construction on the territory / surface of the Park; basis in force, the Park Directorate is also responsible 1.3. 2. The Ministry determines the authority responsible for for: 6. Pursuant to applicable laws, the conditions and criteria for construction park administration, determines the composition and and use of parcels located within the third zone of the Park may also be a. Implementation of the Spatial Plan of the Park budget necessary for the functioning of the authority; defined in the framework of the public private partnership process for the including measures for the protection of natural construction and development of tourist centers in the third zone; 1.4. 3. The Ministry is responsible for allocating funds for the resources and sustainable use of the park; construction of the infrastructure necessary for the 7. All other plans of the lowest levels influencing the territory of the Park b. Take care of the park's protection and maintenance functioning of the Park Directorate; are subject to the Spatial Plan for the NP "Bjeshkët e Nemuna"; by regularly filling out the park's document (chronicle), 1.5. 4. The Ministry is responsible for issuing a regulation on which mainly contains data on natural factors, type and 8. This document shall enter into force after it has been approved by the the internal functioning of the National Park; volume of park works, state and changes in flora and Government of Kosovo and approved by the Assembly of Kosovo. fauna, picnic tourism, such as And the organization and 1.6. 5. The Ministry is responsible for building permits direction of other significant factors for the park; throughout the Parks territory, except for family buildings when they are constructed in Zone III (A) c.Encouraging and creating natural-scientific content, (village / village); ethnographic collections, botanical garden, encouraging scientific research and guiding educational work with 1.7. 6. The Ministry is responsible for approving the Detailed young people during excursions led by professional Regulatory Plans or urban settlement proposed by the experts; investor when they are designed within Zone III (B and C); d. Encouraging the revitalization of rural settlements and facilitating the involvement of indigenous people in 1.8. 7. The Ministry is responsible for granting the consent to the Detailed Regulatory Plans or urban solutions

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increasing the tourist offer for the park, in accordance 7. Construction on public and other surfaces should be done landscape values and other natural values where eco-tourism, traditional with the orientations of this plan; according to the urban, architectural and technical parameters set agriculture and other activities can be practiced, including: livestock and by this spatial plan, with detailed regulatory plans and based on infrastructure ; The use of pastures and the utilization of water resources e. Prepare a tourist offer for the area: the conditions for urban / architectural solutions provided by investors. for the supply of drinking water, which do not contradict the norms and visits, the controlled visits, the orientation for the environmental protection standards established by the laws in force. In movement on the pedestrian paths, information on the this area with specific conditions can be constructed the poles of cable values of the park and their preservation; 1.10 Division of Zones cars, electricity distribution poles and antennas for the transmission of f. Establishment and development of a complete 1. The National Park "Bjeshkët e Nemuna" is divided into three areas of mobile telephony waves. In the second zone can be planned and information system for the whole area, designed exploitation; besides environmental protection also the criterion of the constructed and an additional technical infrastructure, including road specifically in accordance with the requirements and property is taken into account: level Local area, to be used for better services of residents / visitors and specifications; raising the quality of life in general. The area has a land of 40,962 Haose First Zone - includes parts of the National Park territory with exceptional g. Initiating and drafting the Park Management Plan in 65.0% of the total area of the Park. Responsible for monitoring and natural features, with rare, endangered species of plants and animals and accordance with applicable rules and laws; development of this area is MESP with its respective institutions; types of settlements in wildlife conditions. This area is in strict protection. h. Defining the Park Defender Symbol (s), which should This area has a total area of 8.425Ha or 13.3% of the total area of the Park. The third zone (A, B, C and P) - or the area of sustainable use includes present the Park's characteristic elements and its main Responsible for monitoring this area is MESP with its respective parts of the territory of the National Park where it can be done: the contents, including the many well-known traditional institutions; construction, the reconstruction, and the protection of traditional facilities elements that make this area very special. and also recreation, tourism, and Economic use of natural goods. The third At the end of the process for the drafting of the Spatial Plan for the zone has a total area of 12.891Ha or 20.5% of the total area of the Park. National Park "Bjeshkët e Nemuna", in the location between the villages of Responsible for monitoring this area is MESP with its respective Pepaj and Dugajeve in the place called "Deep Drives" by continuous 1.9. PROVISIONS AND CONDITIONS FOR THE DEFINITION AND institutions and respectively municipal authorities. One of the basic monitoring through the camera traps for the first time.Since the Lynx is a DEFINITION OF PUBLIC SPACES / PUBLIC OBJECTS. instruments for determining the developments in the Park territory was strictly protected, wild species are also listed on the Red List of Europe's the 2013 photographic airframe (orthophoto); endangered species, we recommend that this area should be declared as a

1. The designation of public spaces / facilities should be in protected area in the future. harmony with the conditions of environmental protection, raising ▪ Third Area A - is the area of settlements with a total area of the quality of life, not endangering the health of the population 3,641 Ha or 5.8% of the total area of the Park, for which the and rational use of the territory and of natural resources; maximum responsibility lies with the municipal authorities. Municipal authorities are responsible for building permits, in 2. In these areas are: school facilities, health facilities (which the accordance with the construction of provisions and should mainly be assigned to the third zone under the park's conditions set forth in this Plan. In this case the construction protection regime), different levels of routes, walking, cycling or provisions / conditions are not sufficient, municipalities may horseback trails, trails for ski lifts, and cable cars, mobile phone initiate the initiative of drafting the Detailed Regulatory Plan waves, common parking lots and other areas that are in general or the additional conditions may be met on the basis of the service, which may also be planned in the second zone; urban solution proposed by the investor. In both cases, the 3. Primary education facilities should be located within the areas PR and the urban solution offered by the investor must be intended for housing in accordance with the norms and standards approved by the Ministry prior to their final approval and in the force. The spaces where these facilities are located should also by the respective municipalities. In this area is included be limited by protective girders and accessible by public transport; all the private property identified until the completion of the Plots dedicated to these objects must meet the following criteria: Plan. Part of this area should also be made to plots that are proven as private property, even after the approval of the a. Preschool institutions 20 - 40 m² / child; document; b. Primary schools 20 - 50 m² / child.

4. A sufficient space should be provided within the school yard in ▪ Third Zone B - is an area of 2.499 ha or 4.0% of the total accordance with the norms and standards in force; area of the Park, where developments are limited and 5. Surfaces intended for commercial activity - supply of the related only to the agriculture or livestock. This area is population with daily consumer goods must be within the areas dedicated to dwellings and all constructions that are in favor intended for housing or close to them; of the development of agriculture, respectively livestock and rural tourism development. Are areas which are mainly 6. Priority in determining the location for public spaces / facilities Map – the proposed zone for the protected area public-owned, which are traditionally used for agricultural / is where there is the necessary technical infrastructure such as: livestock purposes. Such a tradition will be further extended, easy access via road, electricity, water supply and sewerage and existing facilities will continue to be used for the same other services; The second zone –or the area of active management - includes parts of purposes, and as needed, based on the requirements, clear the territory of the National Park that are characterized by ecosystems,

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arguments and proper technical documentation, 1. The Spatial Plan for the Special Zone approved by the 12. Detailed Settlement Plan or settlement proposed by the construction of new facilities may also be permitted. Assembly of Kosovo shall be submitted to the participating investor for areas outside settlements / villages is approved by municipalities, the territory of which is part of this area. The the Ministry; ▪ Third zone C- is a development area with a surface of 2,083 document data including the relevant maps will be used by the ha or 3.3% of the total area of the Park, which mainly lies 13. Detailed Settlement Plan or settlement proposed by the municipal authorities to determine the conditions and issuing outside the settlements, in which development must be investor for settlements / villages are approved at the Municipal relevant building permits; done on the basis of Detailed Regulatory Plans or urban Assembly of the respective Municipality; planning solutions Proposed by potential investors. 2. The first step is the examination of the construction request 14. Prior to approval, the Detailed Regulatory Plan or the Responsible for the approval of URP and urban planning which is done according to the competencies: solution proposed by the investor for settlements / villages solutions including building permits is the Ministry; OMinistry for all buildings constructed in Zone III (B, C) outside should be approved by the Ministry; settlements / villages; and 15. Consent for PRRH is taken after the Ministry has verified ▪ Third zone P - forested area of 4.668 Ha or 7.4% of the total O Municipality for buildings that are being built in settlements / whether the PRH or the proposed solution by the investor is in area of the Park, and is a controlled development zone, in villages in zone III (A, P), defined by zoning map in this spatial harmony with the objectives, and provisions for implementation which construction conditions differ from other areas (A, B, plan. of this Spatial Plan for the Park; C). Construction or development can only be achieved in 3. Responsible authorities at the central and local level should 16. After approval of construction conditions and obtaining all plots for which it is proven that the planned intervention will distinguish whether the request is within their competence so permits and other necessary approvals, a construction permit not have a negative impact on vegetation. Development or that it is addressed in an adequate address from the may be issued within the National Park from: construction can occur if it is shown that within the forest Municipality to the Ministry or vice versa by the Ministry to the area there is enough space for planned construction or O Ministry - For Category III facilities and for Category I and II respective Municipality; development. For all constructions or developments facilities in Zone III (B, C) outside settlements / villages; 4. If the construction conditions specified in this spatial plan are planned in this area, prior is the construction of the building O Municipality - For Category I and II buildings in Zone III (A, P) sufficient, there is clear information to realize the project idea, by the respective municipality, and all necessary of settlements / villages. consentshould be provided from the Ministry (construction and the applicant is required to verify if the environmental conditions, water consent, environmental consent, etc.) In impact assessment report (EIA) is to be drafted for the project this area also all private property is ncluded. Parts of this idea; 1.9. 1.9. PROVISIONS AND CONDITIONS OF CONSTRUCTION area should also be plots that are proven as private 5. If yes, the investor is obliged to draft the required report and property, even after the document has been approved; 1. For areas where construction is permitted (Zone III) The request in the consent / approval from the Ministry; applicable Spatial Plan sets out the specific construction conditions that 6. If NO, proceed to the next steps; are mandatory for the responsible authorities when applying and issuing construction permits: Special Protected Areas - Areas of cultural heritage which cover the 7. In the meantime, the investor must apply and be provided Park within the Park. Of 750 ha or 1.2% of the total area of the with all the permits and other necessary approvals for the O Ministry for Zone III (B, C) areas outside the settlements / villages; Park, are areas defined by the Law on Special Protected Areas. project, which are the final prerequisites for obtaining the and Within the SEA "Decani Monastery" which covers the area. Of 639 Construction Permit within the Park from: O Municipalities for settlements / villages in Zone III-A areas (A, P) Ha, 58 Ha are Z3P and 8.8 Ha are Z3A. While in the ZVM "Patrikana O Ministry - For Category III facilities and for Category I and II 2. EXISTING CONSTRUCTIONS e Pejes which covers the area. Of 111 Ha, 13 Ha are Z3P and 0.7 Ha facilities in Zone III (B, C) outside settlements / villages; and Z3C. Developments envisaged within these areas should be in Existing constructions within the Park, which are identified in the accordance with the requirements arising from the Law on SPOs. O Municipality - For Category I and II buildings in Zone III (A, P) 2012 orthophoto, will be subject to relevant laws including the law of settlements / villages. In all cases (A, B, C and P), the final designation of the boundary of on handling illegal constructions. the area for which the PRR is made is to offer the urban solution by 8. In cases where the given area conditions set forth in this 1:10. CONSTRUCTION SPECIFIC CONDITIONS the investor, an this is done after field survey details, May be ± 2% spatial plan are not sufficient, and also for that area there is no 1. The parcel area for construction in the Park is recommended larger or smaller than the size specified in this Plan. Detailed Regulatory Plan, the investor proposes the construction conditions for its parcel, including the area with a diameter of not to exceed 500 m2; The change of the category of zones is possible when the 50m from the boundaries of the parcel; 2. The built up area of the parcel may be up to 25% of the total implementation of any project of particular interest to the area of the construction parcel; 3. The facades of buildings in the Government of Kosovo is required. The decision to change the 9. Where it is necessary, construction conditions should be park should be made of stone, wood, bricks and other natural category of areas required for the development of the project is sought from other relevant sectors (road infrastructure, energy, materials; proposed by the Government and approved by the Assembly of water, agriculture, forestry, cultural and natural heritage, etc.); Kosovo, respectively the responsible authority appointed by the 10. The basis for initiating the drafting of the PRRH or the 4. Construction of fences for the definition of parcel should be Assembly; solution proposed by the investor should be the Implementation made from natural materials (wood and stone) by avoiding iron and concrete as opportunities; Provisions of this Plan; 5. In the case of reconstruction, the change of the scale is not 1.10 THE BUILDING PROCEDURE FOR CONSTRUCTION 11. Detailed Regulatory Plans or solutions proposed by the investor are prepared for Category III areas, as defined by this permitted that is contrary to the detailed regulatory plan or Spatial Plan of the Park; existing building permit;

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6. There may be reconstructions in the park in terms of improving 1.2. Nonconforming constructions are not permitted in Zone I and will facilities, ancillary facilities, different rain and sunshades, shops, living and working conditions, such as the restoration of rural be avoided; special sanitary facilities, resting / sitting and enjoyment elements households, traditional farming for rural tourism; etc. For all these objects, natural materials such as wood and stone 1.3. Eventual constructions in Zone I will be dealt with pursuant to Law should be used. Special attention should be given to the greenery, 7. Reconstruction of individual and household facilities should be of Nature Protection. during which, no flora species should be used that are not native ti subject to the same procedures as those for new constructions; 2. Zone II: the surrounding area. 8. In addition to public buildings, it is recommended that the roofs 2.1. Nonconforming utilizations are not allowed in Zone II and should

be two-seater, with a 30 to 60 degree drop, with shelves covered be stopped immediately; with planks, shingles or any similar material on all sides; 1.12. TOURISTIC VILLAGES 2.2. Nonconforming constructions may be located in Zone II if the 9. Maximum height of family buildings should be P + NK (or construction complies with other applicable laws and 1. Touristic villages ; maximum 2 over ground floors), while the maximum height of administrative instructions in force. Insufficient constructions in 2. Planning the location for the development of touristic villages is hotel facilities P + 2 + NK (or maximum 4 over ground floors Zone II will not be allowed to be expanded, altered or made within the third areas of development with Detailed including the attic); reconstructed unless the cause for such changes is the major Regulatory Plan or with urban solution proposed by the investor; force. 10. Placement of objects shall be made at a distance not less than 3. The design of tourist complexes – hotels or resort villages should 3.5m from the boundary of the construction parcel. In cases where 3. Zone III: be adapted to the surrounding natural landscape; this provision is not possible the conditions set out in the previous 2.1. Nonconforming use may continue in Zone III if such use is in plan must be applied; accordance with applicable laws and other acts, including the 4. Tourist villages may be: villages with villas and villages with conditions foreseen in prior construction permits. Permits may not bungalows. 11. Upon the reconstruction of the existing residential facilities it si be renewed for nonconforming utilizations. Any changes in possible to change the destination in function of the national park and o Villages with villas are hotel units for accommodation with a utilization should comply with the requirements of the applicable / or for the needs of rural tourism. Existing objects can be special architecture, with accordance with the location, no more Spatial Plan; reconstructed and replaced in accordance with cultural heritage than 2 floors (P + 1), consisting of apartments, with independent protection standards, which imply the use of materials and the designs Access, separated or within the same unit. of spaces in a traditional autochthonous way, while preserving the 2.2. Insufficient constructions may be located in Zone III if o Bungallow villages are hotel units for convenient source features; constructions comply with applicable laws and regulations. The accommodation and are constructed with wood or other 12. According to the provisions, the reconstruction of the developing conditions anticipated in the spatial plan will only be materials that are characteristic for the area. aforementioned facilities implies: the reconstruction of residential respected if the nonconforming constructions have been 5. Determine the category of Tourist Villages is based on the norms building, reconstruction of stables facility, reconstruction of the old expensively expanded, altered or reconstructed for reasons other and standards in force, according to which the Tourist Villages are constructive part of the facility, adaptation and reconstruction of than those of major force; dividend into villages with “1 star”, “2 stars”, “3 stars” and “4 sanitary facilities, construction of impenetrable septic tank, interior 2.3. Nonconforming cadastral parcels may remain in Zone III. Eventual stars”, and depending on the category, other contents are also functional reorganization of the residential building and the functional changes in cadastral parcels, such as subdivision or merge of defined: reorganization of the ancillary parts of the residential building; parcels, should not effect the extension of the boundary of Zone o The “1 star” bungalow village must have minimum 7 units with 13. All public facilities can be reconstructed in the existing scale and III, except in cases where these changes to the area concerned are minimum area of 28 m² for two persons, minimum extra 3m² for architectural form, based on the approved project. Reconstruction foreseen in the detailed approved regulatory plan, changes that one person, no more than 4 persons; should be subjected to the same procedures as those for new will not be higher than 2% of the surface area foreseen in the constructions; spatial plan. o The “1 star” village with villas must have a minimum capacity of 7 suites with minimum area of 8m² for a person, but no more 14. Other necessary conditions may be assigned from the PRR or 1.11. TOURISTIC / RECREATIONAL CENTER than four persons; proposed by the investors, approved by the relevant municipality, The organization of space and the construction of Touristic / upon obtaining consent from MESP. Recreational Centers should be done by providing conditions for o The “2 star” village must meet all the criterions of the touristic the realization of basic principles of sustainable development of the villages with “1 star”, plus:

area. This implies the limited planning and utilization of overall ▪ With the bungalow should have a minimum area of 32 m²; 1.10. NON - COMFORMITIES resources of the area for the realization of a suitable and attractive ▪ With the villas should have a minimum area of 40 m². Non-conformity is exploitation, a construction, or cadastral parcel tourist product. that existed prior to the approval of the Spatial Plan for the National In planning these areas, a special attention should be given to the o In addition to the requirements of the resort village with “2 Park of “Bjeshket e Nemuna” and is not in accordance with the the position of the facilities and in particular and main objects that stars”, the “3 stars” village must complete: exploitation and developing conditions set in this plan. make up the area in question. All contents should be maximally ▪ With the bungalow - a minimum area of 35 m²; adapted to the surrounding nature, that are constructed in Non-conformities in the National Park of Bjeshkët e Nemuna will be ▪ With the villas - a minimum area of 45 m². treated as follows: contemporary shapes and with natural materials with a maximum hight of GF + 2 + L (or maximum 4 overlays, including the loft) and o The “4 stars” village in addition to the requirements of the 1. Zone I: horizontally extended to minimize visual barriers. The outer form of resort village with “3 stars” should have: 1.1. Nonconforming utilizations are not allowed in Zone I and should the objects should be in harmony with the traditional construction ▪ Sufficient parking at the entrance of the village; be stopped immediately; in the relevant area and in particular the following facilities: service

73 Spatial Plan for the National Park "Bjeshkët e Nemuna" Institute for Spatial Planning

▪ Minimum 40% free area, of the total area etc. to the restaurant, the contents of service and sanitary facilities 5. The building height should be up to 10m or three floors from the should be illuminated as well; ground including the ground floor and the loft ( GF + 1 + L);

16. All camps should use the internet and the GSM mobile signal; 6. Parking lots should include 100% of the hotel capacity for the 1.13. VEND KAMPINGJET accommodation; 17. Camps should contain orientation signs for entry-exit from the 1. The location of the campsite should be planned within the third camp in case of danger, they must have urgent exits. There should 7. The minimum area of roofs in motels, excluding the anteroom and areas of development; be first aid equipments. the toilet shall be: a room with a 9 m² bed; and the room with an 2. The size, the shape and the location are defined by Detailed 11 m² couch. 18. Sanitary facilities in camps should be common; Regulatory Plan or with an urban solution proposed by the investor;

19. Camps should have separate communal units – dishwashing 3. Camps are functionally regulated communities communities that facilities, cold storage areas and fridges, common utility (washing, 1.16. PICNIC SPOTS provide conditions for the accommodation of guests in outdoor drying and ironing of laundry) and sanitary facilities for pets; 1. A picnic location shall be assigned to places suitable for the fire- areas with auto-homes and tends, also providing elementary needs safety aspect, in flat-slopes relief parts, far away from strict and other recreational and recreational services; 20. Camping category definition is made according to the norms and protection zones; standards in force, according to which there are camps with “1 4. The campsite is a space in which parcels can be dimensioned as 2. Size, shape and location are determined by Detailed Regulatory star”, “2 stars” and “3 stars” and depending on the category, other separatë and in groups; Plan or by an urban solution proposed by the investor; contents are defined. 5. Each parcel should have a direct Access to the electric power 3. Rules for the conduct and use of picnic spot are made by the Park

supply, water supply and sewage system; Directorate; 1.14. HOTEL FACILITIES 6. Necessary space to organize the campsite may include 10% of the 4. Picnic spots should have sufficient area in natural shades created by planned area for the development; 1. The location of hotel facilities should be planned within the third high trees. The water source is indispesable, it can be a resource, a areas of development; 7. For a parcel unit in the camp should be provided minimum 60m²; stream or improvised artificial source; 2. The building parcel of the hotel facility is defined by a Detailed 8. Other accompanying services: campsite lightining, common 5. Depending on the space of picnic spots, permanent or sanitary Settlement Plan or by a urban solution proposed by the investor ; sanitary wardrobes, septic tanks for the sewage system, hygienic points and a garbage container should be provided ; facilities, groceries, storages for requisites, tables, chairs, mobile 3. The maximum number of units in hotels should be 40 units; 6. Equipment in picnic spots such as seats, desks, etc., should be beds and sports requisites; recreational areas (tennis, football, 4. The maximum hotel height shall be 13 m or up to four floors above made with natural materials like wood and stone, in harmony with volleyball, basketboll, ping – pong, etc.); the ground including the ground floor and the loft (GF + 2 + L); surrounding environment ; 9. The camp buildings should be one storey and storey with aquatic 5. Determing the category of hotel facilities is made accroding to the 7. The parking lot should be in an optimal distance from pictic spots; roofs, with a height of 4.5m from the lowest point of the ground normas and standards in force defined by MTI / Department of 8. After each intervention in the picnic spot settlement, the (from the lowest quota to the top of the roof); it is compulsory to Tourism; surrounding, planting and cultivation of greenery should be use the montage system from natural materials (stone, wood etc.) regulated based on the surrounding landscape; and adapt to the ground confinguration, while maintaining the 6. Depending on the category, other contents shall be defined in landscape values of the area; accordance with technical norms and in harmony with nature 9. Picnic spots should have informative tables regarding the protection. conditions about the utilization of space, for the protection of plant 10. The reception should be inside the camp or in the entrance of the and animal world etc.; camp, with accompanying communication, marketing services. 7. Hotel design should be in complience with natural surrounding Other facilities of various services (commercial, catering and landscape; 10. Registration of picnic spot users can me done in the entrance point retaurants, other necessary necessities such as postal units, ATMs, of the park or it is thought to be an improvisatory reception in the etc.) may be planned in the camp ; picnic spot, for eventual checkups and payments; 1.15. MOTELS 11. Camps should have secure and natural fences, Access to external 11. Every user is obliged to maintain in maximum the picnic spot and road infrastructure and adequate parking space; 1. Motels are intended to serve motorized people who pass by they for non-execution of this, it follows the fines about which the user provide food, sleeping and recreation services. In any case, motels is announced in advance. 12. Roads within the camp should allow Access to vehicles and should be placed close to motorways and may also be closed pedestrians to the parking unit. The main road connects all the side touristic, historical, cultural and sporting centers; streets to the reception and to the infrastructure outside the camp; 2. Depending on the location and capacity, motels may also have 1.17. MOUNTAIN HUTS 13. Camps should be supplied with fresh drinking water from water different contents of playgrounds for children, a field for different 1. Mountain huts are the most significant facilities of the park and as network; games etc.; such should be treated in a special way. There is a large number of 14. The removal of sewage system from the camps should be ensured 3. Is is recommended to avoid constructing rooms in the ground floor mountain houses which are mostly located in public property, are by a closed system, in accordance with normas and standards for of the motel; mostly corrently used for recreation. Fortunately there is a national parks; considerable number of mountain houses used for agriculture, in 4. The capacity for accommodation should be at least with 7 rooms; particular for livestock. This is also the main reason that the plan 15. Camps must be connected to the public network or to any other foresees the activation of old mountain huts, and if is possible the alternative source of electricity. Main roads and other roads leading development of new mountain houses, with the basic purpose of

74 Spatial Plan for the National Park "Bjeshkët e Nemuna" Institute for Spatial Planning

livestock development. In regard to this, the terms of construction o Secondary entrance 3 – located on the road connecting the 6. In areas where the pathway is dangerous to be passed, fences have been set up. According to which: town of Istog with the inside part of the park; should be planned which will have an effect in increasing the visitors’ safety; o A mountain hut, even if is built in a public property, may exist if o Secondary entrance 4 – located on the road connecting the 7. In appropriate places, such as the part where the territory of is proved that the object is used only for agricultural and western part of Istog with the inside part of the Park; National Park “Bjeshket e Nemuna” starts and along the roads and livestock needs; o Secondary entrance 5 – located in the western part of the pedestrian paths, there should be tables with information needed o Existing mountain huts and the surrounding areas should retain municipaliy of Gjakova, near the village of Batusha. for the visitors; their primary function, including housing, livestock shelter, 2. In the main entrance 1, must be located the object of Park 8. A road protector should be respected and which represents the preparing and preservating dairy; Directorate with the administration and information office, with an surface on both sides of the motorway, national roads, regjional o In case of constructing new mountain huts or reconstructing the area up to 100m² and with GF + L, with floor height – 2.8m; and local, the width of which is determined by the Law on Roads; existing ones, sufficient information and argumentation should 9. During the intervention (new construction or improvement of the 3. In the main etrance 2 and in the secondary entrances 1,2,3,4,5 be provided and that demonstrate the purpose on building the roads) in the motorways, the rules on the technical criteria (the must be placed the checking and information offices with a mountain hut. The main condition for all cases is that it should width, the slope, the layers and thickness) of their construction maximum area of 9m² with floor height – 2.6m; maximally be respected the traditional way of bulding: stone, determined by the rules issued by the Ministry of Infrastructure wood and traw coverings, stone slabs or other natural coverings; 4. Objects that are planned to be in the entrance of the park, should should be respected; and the size of the main facility and other outlying facilities be constructed with natural materials including wood, stone and 10. All the necessary traffic signs must be placed along the motorway should be in accordance with the criteria for implementing the other natural materials. It is recommende that the construction in the park; agricultural / livestock activity. Accrording to this criteria the size should be done in the montage system and with two aquatic roof 11. The weights and dimensions of vehicles circulating on the of the facilities and the space required is: and a minimum slope of 30% ; motorways on the Park must comply with the rules and norms established by the special rules issued by the Ministry of ▪ The fold – fencing with wood and stone. A maximum area 5. Service facilities can also be used as entrance parts, with a Infrastructure and the restrictions set forth in the environmental 2 of 5m per cattle. maximum surface area of 12m² and height (floor – to – ceiling) regulations; 2.6m; ▪ Residential building – usable area for maximum 60m2 with 12. The circulation of vegicles for the transport of goods to the a maximum height GF + L; 6. At the park entrance, the symbol of the park is made of wood and regjional and local roads of the Park should be under uninterrupted designed with characteristic elements of the park. It should also be monitorin gof the Park Directorate, in order to prevent the ilegal ▪ Attached object – maximu area of 0.2m2 / per cattle, with located, in a smaller size, near motorways leading to the main transport of timber and other park products; a maximum high GF; entrances of the park, by two symbols, one 2 km and the other 4 13. Public passenger transport should be carried out by licensed ▪ The material – in general a natural, based on km from the entrance; operators; circumstances material (stone, wood or other derivatives); 14. For safety reasosnt the transport vegicles must mean all the 7. Parking lots should be provided for all types of vehicles, at the technical conditions laid down in the relevant applicable laws ▪ The obove mentioned condtitions are not valid for other entrance of the park. The location, the necessary number of issued by the Ministry of Infrastructure; purposes. parking places and other contents is determined by the Detailed 15. During the construction of parking lots, the technical rules Regulatory Plan. Required area: determined by the technical criteria for their construction, issued For barns: 8. Entrances to the park are recommended to be designed with the by the Ministry of Infrastructure must be respected; • Cows and horses – 7.0-9.0 m²/per cattle; traditional style. 16. The number of parking lots, their location in the area and the parking standards are defined by the detailed regulatory plan for • Sheep and goats – 2.0-2.5 m²/per cattle For henhouses: the designated area or the urbanistic solution proposed by the • chickens – 0.3-0.4 m²/per head; 1.19. PHYSICAL INFRASTRUCTURE investor. Standards for the required number of parking lots are • Turkey – 0.5-0.6 m²/per head 1. All existing and planned physical infrastructure should be in given as it follows: a. Services – 1 parking place (PP) for 3 employees; 1.18. PARK ENTRIES harmony with the environmental protection rules. Depending on their level, the responsibility for execution is foreseen, which in all b. Restaurants – 1 PP for 1 table; 1. There are seven official entries in the territory if the National Park cases is supervised by the Ministry, namely the Park Directorate; c. Hotels – 1 PP for 1 room;

“Bjeshket e Nemuna”, two of which are the main ones and the 2. The final transitions of the planned roads, presented in the d. Oficces – 1 PP to 75m² btto zone; others are secondary entries. infrastructure map can be changed and supplemented aftër e. Stores – 1 PP to 50m² btto zone. 17. When designing, constructing and utilizing the cable cars, the o Main Entrance 1 – near the Patriarchate of Peja, on the road detailed analysis ans stakeholder agreements; technical rules and requirements contained in the administrative Peja - Kuqishte; 3. Pedestrian paths should be constructed with stones or other materials that fit and are in harmony with the surroundings in instruction issued by the MTI should be fully implemented; o Main entrance 2 – in Lloqan river, on the road that connects the which they are built; 18. Contruction enterprises engaged within the Park must be equipped urabn area of Decan with the inside part of the park; 4. The width of pedestrian paths in the Park, depending on the terrain with relevant licenses; 19. Energy eneterprises that will perform the distribution and supply of o Secondary entrance 1 – near the Decan Manastery, on the road should be on maximum 1.5 meters; electricity citizens should be licensed by ERO; that connects the city with the inside part of the park; 5. Elements for landing at the resting points along the pedestrian paths should be constructed with wood or other similar natural 20. Works on building or expanding the electricity network, heating or o Secondary entrance 2 – on the road that connects the city with materials; natural gas shall be carried out in full complience with the technical the inside part of the park; codes drawn up by the energy undertakings and approved by ERO;

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21. For the contruction of public water supply and sewerage systems, 4. Any changes contrary to this plan shall be prohibited in the park, 21. It is prohibited to fish in all water streams within the Park; should be obtained permissions from relevant institutions in MESP; especially the changes affecting the forests communities, the 22. When developing any activity in the park, the noise minimization 22. For the contruction of sewage treatment implant and for the mountain peaks and water streams; criteria must be applied; collectors collecting these waters, a permission from the relevant 5. After each construction with permission, the hinterland, planting institutions in MESP should be obtained ; 23. Due to the changed circumstances (announcement of the National and cultivation of greenery should be regulated based on the 23. Professional teams that will carry out the studies and research that Park territory), for economic operators dealing with the utilization autochthonous landscape; are foreseen with this plan in the strategy chapter, the part for the and exploitation of inert within the territory of the Park, after the technical infrastructure, must meet the conditions: 6. It is not permitted to place diffusing antennas and garbage approval of the Plan should be initiated the review of permits for o To have adequate professional trainings (adequate education); containers in spaces and locations with landscape values, biological continuation of activity in the relevant location. The outcome of o To have experiences in the past in studies of the same nature. diversity and natural and cultural heritage; this review will be the interruption of the continuation of the activity, while respecting the limitations within which: the time 24. In order to be able to implement its activity in the park and in 7. All actions affecting the alteration of existing terrain morphology, limit for implementing the activity will be determined; The location resident places around, fix telephone service, the mobile one, including terrains of: Rugova Gorge, Karstic Caves, Mountain Lakes (the area defined in the map of zoning) where the activity is being internet and cable television, the public or private company should and Other Areas (1st Areas) tha thave been announced to be of carried out should be limited by a protective buffer (two trees of be licensed by the Tekecommunications Regulatory Authority particular natural importance, shall be prohibited; (TRA); planted trees that fit the environment); And upon completion of 25. In addition to the license issued by the TRA, for the installation of 8. Illegal cutting of forests is prohibited. Forest cutting is only allowed the activity, the site shall be rehabilitated according to the antennas in the field, the mobile operator must also obtain under the Park Management Plan and MESP Regulation on the recognized environmental rules; Internal Order of the NP "Bjeshkët e Nemuna"; environmental consent from MESP; 24. Within the park, there are currently operating some hydro-locating 26. It is strictly forbidden to install antennas and associated equipment 9. It is forbidden to use endemic plant species, except for their use in plants, which have started their activity before the announcment of in the first zone (strict nature reserves); scientific research cases; the National Park. Their on going development and operation 27. Only the garbage management operators that are licensed by MESP 10. In order to maintain the ecological balance in the Park, natural should be harmonized in full based on the applicable rules and have the right to manage the garbage in the park and the resident provisions for proper environmental treatment. Whereas, places around it. resources should be used sustainably. This use is more closely regulated with the park management plan and with the MESP regarding the requirements for the consruction of new plants, 28. In certain points of the road infrastructure, there must be built Regulation for the Internal Order of the KP "Bjeshkët e Nemuna"; based on: the Law on Nature Protection, the Public Review Report, overpasses (bridges), which will enable and safeguard the free Strategic Environmental Assessment and on the basis of discussions movement of fauna. Location selection and construction of these 11. It is prohibited to extract gravel from rivers without prior and recommendations of the inter-ministerial working group, a overpasses must be done according to internationally recognized permission; decision to stop giving new permission has been taken. rules and norms; 12. It is forbidden to usurp water resources without prior permission; 13. Water resources are protected by the Law on Waters and the 1.21. CULTURAL HERITAGE 1.20. NATURAL HERITAGE measures for their limited use, which are assigned to the Park Management Plan; 1. The cultural heritage objects included in the temporary protection 1. All activities, projects and measures anticipated in the Plan must list within the park (the Blessed Virgin Mary's Church, the Catholic comply with the rules on nature protection, which prohibit all 14. Activities that use inert materials, including unauthorized Church, the Castle and St. Cathar's Church, Fortification, the actions that cause air, soil, ground water and underground water stonecrushers, are prohibited; Monastery's Cave at Rugova Gorge, the Waterfall at Rugova Gorge contamination, including the change of river beds; 15. All activities (excavations, surface mining, deforestation, etc.) that and the Monument of LNC) should be treated with the Law on Cultural Heritage No. 02 / L-88, according to which the architectural 2. In the national park should be undertaken measures for the affect the increase of erosion are prohibited; monuments bear a landmark of 50m' from the "monument" protection of air, water and soil according to which should be done: 16. It is permissible to build water reservoirs up to 25m² on the river perimeter, while for archaeological sites the defensive zone is o Prohibition of industrial capacity building that pollutes air, water beds (location is determined in cooperation with the Park 100m from the perimeter of “locality”; and soil; Directorate) for the purpose of providing water that is used for livestock and for fires that may occur in the park; 2. According to the Law on Spatial Planning no. 04L-174, the objects o For constructions of the first category, they are obliged to listed above are "Protected Areas" to which it applies: discharge the sewage into the impenetrable septic tanks; 17. It is forbidden to construct buildings at least thirty (30) meters away from the high-pitched water line, with the exception of flood o Prohibition of the construction of highway and regional roads o For the construction of second and third categories, the protection facilities; and buildings higher than the "monument". installation of sewage treatment plants should be applied; 18. Transport of derivates and other harmful substances in the Park is o Buildings that are near , need to be in harmony with the o There should be a regular collection and disposal system of not permitted; "monument"; garbage; 19. Mowing the meadows (except in the first zone) is allowed and o It is prohibited the conduct of the activity of heavy industry, 3. MESP is responsible for continuous monitoring of spatial should be carried out according to the criteria set by the Park aboveground installation of power supply, telecommunications developments in the national park and for eventual violations Directorate, which are in favor of their protection and renewal; and digital transmission; through the Park Directorate, can takes measures in accordance o There are prohibited all activities and constructions that affect with applicable rules; 20. Hunting is prohibited in the Park, which is allowed by the Park Directorate only in exceptional cases when any kind of animal deforestation / environmental pollution and alteration of the poses a risk to the Park or surrounding resident places; area where the object is placed.

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3. Reconstruction of buildings with architectural heritage value within 1.24. PLAN IMPLEMENTATION the park and its vicinity should be carried out in accordance with 1. The Spatial Plan for the National Park "Bjeshkët e Nemuna" is a building standards and criteria, using local materials of stone and document that defines the spatial development of an area of wood and other local materials, but always preserving the importance for the Government of Kosovo, approved in the Assembly autochthonous cultural ,traditional, rural inheritance as well as of Kosovo and as such is mandatory for all participating municipalities. preserving the originality of the object and the surrounding Apart from direct implementation, the implementation of the Plan is landscape; made through other plans such as the National Park Management 4. Special protected areas such as the Decan Monastery and Patrikana Plan, Municipal Development Plans, Detailed Regulatory Plans and the of Peja are treated and protected by the Law on Special Protective Kosovo Zoning Map and the relevant Zonal Map of the Municipality. Zones (Law No. 03 / L-039). Within the law are listed prohibited and

restricted activities for special protected areas which must be respected by all; 1.25. FUTHER RESEARCHS 5. Developments within the SPOs should be in a harmony with the 1. Since the Park is a large territory with rich biodiversity, rich natural requirements of the Law on Special Protective Zones (Law No. 03 / and cultural richness, it is imperative to carry out research that will L-039), which list the activities that are allowed or prohibited within help to reflect real and substantive aspects of its current state of the zone. affairs. Priority areas of the research are: inventory of content including the identification of genders, individuals, populations,

species, habitats, landscapes and ecosystems, identification of their 1.22. GARBAGE TREATMENT geographical spread, ranking, cataloging and presentation on the map; Exploring caves, inventorying, presenting and promoting them; 1. Garbage management should be based on a system established and Exploration of underground properties and other similar fields. All approved by the Park Directorate; research should be carried out according to the rules and laws in force. 2. Garbage must be under the administration of licensed operators (a

physical or legal person) previously determined by the Park Directorate; 3. Operators responsible for the grabage management must fulfill the obligations that are regulated by Law no. 02 / L-30 on garbage; 4. Activities tha thave to be carried out by operators responsible for garbage management are regulated by Law no. 02 / L-30 on garbage; 5. Operators responsible for garbage management should be equipped with licenses issued by MESP; 6. Law no. 02 / L-30 on Garbage obliges the inspection supervision of waste management activities.

1.23. SOCIAL IMPACT 1. Implementation of the goals and objectives foreseen in the Spatial Plan of the NP "Bjeshket e Nemuna" should be in full harmony with the increase of social welfare in general. The activities, projects and measures envisaged in the Spatial Development Strategy of the Park aim to create conditions, from which direct benefits should first be to residents and resident places within the territory of the Park. This means that the local residents have priority on participation, activities, capacity building, donations, employment and other activities; 2. For all activities, projects and measures envisaged, the norms and standards for persons with special needs should be applied according to the rules in force.

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PJESËMARRËSIT NË HARTIMIN E PLANIT BIBLIOGRAPHY Planner: Institute for Spatial Planning Ekipi i ekspertëvepër zonimin e Parkut Kombëtar “Bjeshkët e Nemuna” 1. Parks Canada, project team. (2010). Banff National Park. Luan NUSHI, Director (architect planner) MESP/KEPA: Ilir MORINA, coordinator Management Plan. Parks Canada. Rizah MURSELI, (ISP) vice coordinator 2. National Park Service, Yosemite National Park, project team. (2012). Responsible for relevant fields and topics: Nail KRYEZIU, (DPKSh) member A sense of place. Design guidelines for Yosemite National Park. Fadil BAJRAKTARI, (KINP) member Washington DC: National Park Service. Arbën RRECAJ (architect planner), Faton DEVA (arkitekt planer), Luan NUSHI, (ISP) member 3. Parc national des Cevennes, project team. (1999). Atlas du Parc Elvida PALLASKA (architect planner), Shpend AGAJ (gjeograf planer), Xhavit MALA, (DPKSh) member national des Cevennes. Parc national des Cevennes. Nexhmije KAMBERI (biologjist planner), Besim GOLLOPENI (sociologist Sami SINANI, (DMM) member 4. KK Pejë, DHV. (2006). Plani zhvillimor komunal Pejë. Pejë: KK Pejë., planner), Qenan MAXHUNI, (KINP) member DHV. Zana MEHMETI (architect planner), Festa NELA (architect planner /GIS), 5. Urban Plus. (2008). Plani zhvillimor komunal Istog. Prishtinë: Urban Gëzime Grajqevci (architect planner), Riza MURSELI (geographical University of Prishtina: Plus. planner/GIS), Mimoza KALLABA (geographical planner) dhe Hasim KRYEZIU Vahdet PRUTHI, (GD) member 6. Terrasystems Austrian Geotechnik. (2008). Plani zhvillimor komunal (geographerf/GIS). Behxhet MUSTAFA, (DB) member Deçan. Deçan: Terrasystems Austrian Geotechnik. Ferdije ZHUSHI, (DB) member 7. KK Junik, UN Habitat, CHëB, IPH. (2011). Plani zhvillimor komunal i Anëtarët e Grupit Punues Ndërministror – GPNM Fadil MILLAKU, (DB) member Junikut 2010-2023. Junik: KK Junik. Agim GASHI, (DB) member 8. CHwB. (2007). Plani i konservimit dhe zhvillimit të Junikut. Prishtinë: MMPH: Arbën RRECAJ, (ISP) coordinator Linda GRAPCI, (DB) member CHwB. Rizah MURSELI, (ISP) vice coordinator Zeqir VESELAJ, (FE) member 9. Ministry of Culture, Youth and Sports. (2012). Lista e trashëgimisë Fatmir MORINA, (DSPHC) member Elez KRASNIQI, (DB) member kulturore për mbrojtje të përkohshme. Pristina : Ministry of Culture, Fadil BAJRAKTARI, (KINP) member Frorim ISUFI, (GD) member Youth and Sports. Ismail HETEMI, (DMM) member 10. FlyersPeja - Shtegu i monumenteve kulturore. Hazir QADRAKU, (DU) member NGO “Era”: Fatos LAJQI, member 11. Flyers Plani Regjional i trashëgimisë për Kosovën Perëndimore 2012- Fatmir AZEMI, (DSPHC) member 2015. Abedin BALAJ, (DSPHC) member 12. MA Peja, Office for Turistic Guide. Flyers about Rugova. Hidajete ZHURI, (DSPHC) member 13. Flyers Juniku - Tourist guide. Abdurrahman VERBOVCI, (DSPHC) member 14. MA Peja. Touristic Guide. MI: Naser ZHJEQI, member 15. Millaku, F. (2009). Inventari Bimët Mjekësore Aromatike dhe Pemët MED: Lulzim KORENICA, member Frutore të Egra në Kosovë. Pristina – Faculty of Matematics / Natural MAFRD: Hasan UKAJ, member Technical preparations: Sciences / Department of Biology. MTI: Halil BAJRAMI, Xhemajl PLLANA, members 16. Rexhepi, F. (1994). Vegjetacioni i Kosovës. Pristina – Faculty of Municipalities Matematics / Natural Sciences / Department of Biology Peja: Modest GASHI, member INSTITUTION FOR SPATIAL PLANNING 17. Hoxha, E., Mustafa, B. (2004). Biodiversiteti dhe zonat e mbrojtura. Mirjeta RIZVANOLLI, member Pristina – Faculty of Matematics / Natural Sciences / Department of Fehmi GECI, member Biology. Decan: Shkelzen SHEHU, Mirsat NIMONAJ, members 18. Rexhepi, F., Millaku, F., Mala, Xh., Berisha, B. (2012). Atllasi i bimëve Junik: XhemëSHEHU, member të Kosovës. Prizren: Siprint. Istog: Januz KABASHI, member 19. Bino, T., Zoto, H., Bego, F. (2006). Shpendët dhe gjitarët e Shqipërisë. Gjakova: Agron GOJANI, member Tirana.

20. Ramadani, N., Lecaj, I. Në kërkim të zogjve. Pristina: FINCH., AMMK. Twchnical and Professional Support 21. Ahmetaj, I. (1980). Gjeomorfologjia e Sharrit dhe Brezovicës. Pristina – Scientific MagazinePërparimi. UN-Habitat – Kosova 22. Antonijeviq, R., Paviq, J., Karoviq, J., Menkoviq, L. (1978). Teksti Catarina CAMARINHAS, sqarues i hartës gjeologjike 1:100000 plansheti K34-53 Peja and K- Peter ENGSTROM, 34-65 Kukes. Belgrade. Arijeta HIMADUNA, 23. Antonijeviq, I., Karoviq, J., Paviq. (1968). Harta gjeologjike plansheti Doruntinë REXHEPI Pejë (1:100000). Belgrade. Consultant: Darren ENNS, senior planner 24. Ahmetaj, I. (1977). Furnizimi me ujë dhe shpërndarja e ujërave DavideGENELETTI, VSM expert nëntokësorë në Kosovë. Pristina – Scientific Magazine Përparimi. 25. Çadraku, H., Beqiraj, A. (2013). Veçoritë Hidrogjeologjike të Basenit Mounteneers Association “Pashtriku”: Skender SINA të Dukagjinit, Kosovë. Pristina – scientific gjeological bulletin. 26. Çukiq, D. (1979). Këshillimi mbi parqet nacionale dhe regjionale të Jugosllavisë. Brezovica.

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27. Elezaj, Z., Kodra, A. (2008). Gjeologjia e Kosovës. University Text. 50. KK Junik. (2012). Plani Lokal i Veprimit në Mjedis Komuna e Junikut Pristina: CIP. 2012/2017. Junik: MA Junik. 28. Institute for Hidroeconomy “Jarosllav Çerni”. (1983). Pasqyra e 51. MA Deçan. (2012). Plani Lokal i Veprimit në Mjedis Komuna e Bazës së Hidroekonomisë së KSA të Kosovës. Pristina. Deçanit 2012/2017. Deçan: MA Deçan. 29. Kosovo Hidrometeorology Institute. (2014). Të dhënat 52. MTI, GTZ. (2008). Projektet e Produktit Turistik në Rajonin Turistik të hidrometeorologjike. Pristina. Bjeshkëve të Nemuna (Alpet Shqiptare). Pristina: MTI 30. Labus, D. (1979). Kërkime Gjeografike. The Balance of the waters of 53. http://kk.rks-gov.net/peje/getattachment/Services/Plani-zhvillimor- Drini i Bardhë river basin. Pristina: Faculty of Mathematics-Natural komunal/Plani-zhvillimor-komunal_shqip.pdf.aspxPzhk

Sciences / Department of Geography. 54. http://kk.rks-gov.net/gjakove/ 31. Menkoviq, Lj. (1995). Morfologjia sipërfaqësore e karstit të Moknës 55. http://ëëë.majet.org/

dhe Zhlebit. Blegrade. 56. http://ëëë.majet.org/bjeshket.php?id=4 32. Micevski, E., Zhogorski, G. (1983). Raport i hulumtimeve 57. http://ëëë.rugovaexperience.org/index.aspx?SID=5&LID=2&AID=59 hidrogjeologjike në Istog. Skopje – Geograpgical Institute. &Ctype=1&ACatID=3 33. Pllana, R. (1991). Kërkime Gjeografike. Pristina: Faculty of 58. http://m.telegrafi.com/ekonomi/program-per-bimet-mjekesore- Mathematics-Natural Sciences / Department of Geography. dhe-aromatike-46-11783.html 34. Talani, R. (2000). Morfologjia dhe morfometria e luginave në Alpet e 59. http://ëhc.unesco.org/en/list/724/ Shqipërisë. Monogaphy. Skodra. 60. ëëë. Thethi-guide 35. Vilimonoviq, J. (1973). Studimet regjionale hidrogjeologjike në 61. Most of the pictures and film materials presented are original and Kosovë. Belgrade: Fund of Gjeozavodit. made in the field by ISP officials. 36. Bogdani, R. Vallja e Rugovës. 37. Çavolli, R. (1997). Gjeografia regjionale e Kosovës. Pristina: Kosovo Textual and Learning Facility. 38. Islami, H. (2008). Studime demografike. 100 years of demographic development in Kosovo. Pristina: Kosovo Academy of Sciences and Arts. 39. Egis International, Ministry of Infrastructure., SNCF INTERNATIONAL. (2012). Strategjia e Transportit Multimodal dhe Plani i Veprimit.

Supporting the implementation of the EU-TCA transport agreement. Pristina: Egis International.

40. Kosovo Agency of Statistics. (2008). Popullësia Ekonomitë Familjare sipas Vendbanimeve dhe Organizimi Territorial i Kosovës deri në vitin 2008. Pristina: Kosovo Agency of Statistics. 41. Kosovo Agency of Statistics. (2011). Regjistrimi i Popullsisë Ekonomive Familjare dhe Banesave 2011. Pristina: Kosovo Agency of Statistics. 42. Kosovo Agency of Statistics. (2011). Statistikat e lindjeve në Kosovë. Pristina: Kosovo Agency of Statistics. 43. Kosovo Agency of Statistics. (2011). Statistikat e vdekjeve në Kosovë. Pristina: Kosovo Agency of Statistics. 44. Ministry of Environment and Spatial Planning, Institute for Spatial Planning. (2013). Parku Kombëtar “Sharri”. Spatial Plan. Pristina: Institute for Spatial Planning. 45. Ministry of Environment and Spatial Planning, Institute for Spatial Acknowledgement Planning. (2013). Monumenti i Natyrës me Rëndësi të Veçantë “Ujëvarat e Mirushës”. Spatial Plan. Pristina: Institute for Spatial On behalf of the Ministry of Environment and Spatial Planning, the Kosovo Planning. Environmental Protection Agency, respectively the Institute for Spatial 46. UNDP. (2012). Biodiversity_list_40 – Dragash. Pristina: UNDP. Planning, we thank all participants, public and private institutions, civil 47. Macedonian Development Foundation for Enterprises. (2012). society and in particular the members of the inter-ministerial working Kosova Perëndimore më pranë se kurrë. Skopje: Macedonian group and the community who assisted us with their data, information and Development Foundation for Enterprises. experience on the final realization of the Spatial Plan of the National Park 48. MESP, KINP. (2003). Studimi mbi arsyeshmërinë e shpalljes së "Bjeshkët e Nemuna".”. territorit të Bjeshkëve të Nemuna Park Nacional. Prishtinë: KINP. 49. MA Istog. (2012). Plani Lokal i Veprimit në Mjedis Komuna e Istogut 2012/2017. Istog: MA Istog.

79 Spatial Plan for the National Park "Bjeshkët e Nemuna" Institute for Spatial Planning

Annex 1 7 Completion of the conditions for international MESP MESP/KEPA, * * * CKF Medi recognition of the National Park "Bjeshkët e KEPA Police, um Nemuna" and then its recognition Internationa ACTION PLAN l organization Target: s Administration, efficient management of the park with cooperation to serve the Park 8 Admission to International Organizations and International Internationa * * * Agencies organizations l Purpose Activity / Measure / Project Decision Application Time Financi Fina and agencies organization making subjects: limit al ncial s and subjects: source impli agencies catio 9 Creation of the National Tourism Agency Governemnt MTI * CKF Low n (MTI) Good and 1 Compilation of the Regulation on adamiistration MESP KEPA * CKF Low transparent and management of the Park KEPA KEPA/DSPA 10 Respecting international tourism norms and Government MTI, Contin CKF, administration C standards (MTI) Organizatio uous Organiz ns, ations, 2 Completion of staff and equipment needed for MESP KEPA/DSPA * CKF Low businesses, busines park management and management KEPA C Police. ses 3 Development of activities in full coordination and MESP KEPA/DSPA Contin CKF Base 11 Initiating the drafting of joint projects: MESP, MTI, MESP, MTI, * * * CKF, High transparency with other subjects and the KEPA C, Diferent uous d on • Establishment of tourist centers in MCYS MCYS, Private community entities activ cross-border areas with Albania and private investor ity Montenegro; companies s Efficient 1 Creating a spatial database for the territory of the MESP KEPA / IPH * * CKF Low • Waste treatment; management of park KEPA • O Cultural heritage, etc. developments 2 Drafting of the Spatial Plan for the National Park Government MESP / * * CKF Low Target: "Bjeshkët e Nemuna" MESP KEPA / IPH Protection, preservation and racional use of values of the natural and cultural inheritake at the Park and around it. Purpose: Activity / Measure / Project Decision Application Time Financi Fina 3 Drafting the Park Management Plan MESP KEPA / * * CKF Low making s subjects: limit al ncial KEPA DSPAC subjects: source impli 4 Coordinated and transparent development of MESP KEPA / Contin CKF Base catio activities with all local entities responsible for KEPA DSPAC, uous d on n managing park values Different activ Vetëdijesimi dhe 1 The park management plan should include the MESP, KEPA, KEPA, * CKF, Low entities ity informimi për annual program for public / marketing DSPAC DSPAC, Donors 5 Control (inspection) of developments MESP MESP/ Contin CKF Low parkun communication and promotion of park values Municipaliti KEPA Inspectorat uous kombëtar es e of DSPAC 2 Awareness raising on the national park through KEPA DSPAC, * CKF, Low participation in international initiatives, DMM MEST, Donors Local and 1 Cooperation between local and foreign scientific- MESP, MESP, Contin CKF, Varë competition and awareness campaigns DSPAC Municipaliti international co- research institutions and the Ministry of Institutions Institutions uous Instituti sisht es operation, as Environment and Spatial Planning with these ons nga well as linking institutions aktiv 3 Work with education authorities to raise KEPA DP, MEST, * CKF, Low the tourist iteti awareness about protected areas DMM Municipaliti Donors es product to 2 Organization of conferences for achieving MESP MESP/ KEPA Contin CKF Low 4 The park management plan should contain the MESP, KEPA, KEPA, * * CKF, Medi international partnership between local and international KEPA, uous maps / provisions for the spaces in which the DSPAC DSPAC, Donors um tourist networks experts International public has access and thoshe in which the publik Municipaliti Institutions does not have access es 3 Organize study visits and trainings internally and MESP MESP/KEPA Contin CKF Low 5 Prepare the book and brochures with information DSPAC DP, * CKF, Low internationally KEPA uous about the park Municipaliti Donors es 4 Organize trainings for plant collectors MESP MESP/KEPA, ** CKF Low KEPA, MAFRD MAFRDEksp Inventory of 1 Creating a spatial database for the national park MESP, KEPA, KEPA, * * * CKF, Medi ertë nga biodiversity DSPAC DSPAC, Donors um institucione Municipaliti tjera es 5 Organizing awareness raising and information MESP MESP * * * CKF Low Publication of 1 The park management plan should contain the MESP KEPA/DSPA * * CKF, Medi campaigns for the community KEPA KEPA, specific natural provisions for annual reporting KEPA, DSPAC C Donors um Media species 6 Engagement agreements with local, MESP MESP/KEPA, * governmental and non-governmental subjects, KEPA, Various Subjektet e Protection and 1 Identify within the SP spatial database of KEPA KEPA/KINP/ *** CKF, Medi interested parties and stakeholders during the entities ndrysh. preservation of important plant species that should be included KINP DMM, Donato um development of various activities in the park plant species in in the International Plant Protection List. DMM, DSPAC ërt general and of DSPAC

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relic species, 2 Drafting the second part of the Red Book of KEPA/KINP/D KEPA/KINP/ *** CKF, Medi 8 Waste management MESP MESP * CKF Low endemorelic, Vascular Flora of Kosovo MM/DSPAC DMM, Donors um KEPA KEPA, autochtonous DSPAC Operatori endemic of the 9 Undertaking anti-erosion measures KEPA KEPA Contin CKF Medi Park and DSPAC uous um endemic of the Balkans in Protection 1 Draft emergency plan for the park KEPA KEPA ** CKF Medi particular against natural um Conservation of 1 Creation of mammalian inventory as part of the KEPA / KINP / KEPA * * * CKF, Medi and human fauna in general spatial data base, including habitats and DMM / DSPAC KINP/DMM Donors um disasters and endemic migration routes DSPAC 2 Preparation of maps of the dangers of different MESP MESP, * CKF Low fields (fire, avanlanches, floods, etc.) University, species of 2 Creation of the monitoring network for KEPA / KINP / KEPA / KINP * * * CKF, Medi mammals and Private carnivores, especially for species that are DMM / DSPAC / DMM, Donors um company birds, relics in threatened by extinction DSPAC particular 3 Collaboration and joint exercises between the MESP KEPA * CKF Low 3 Identification of types that require proper KEPA / KINP / KEPA * * * CKF, Medi Directorate of Parks, Municipalities, relevant KEPA, MFA treatment DMM/DSPAC KINP/DMM Donors um institutions and reaction forces DSPAC Applying the 1 Drafting of the plan for the utilization of MESP KEPA ** CKF Medi 4 Identification and protection of types that can be KEPA / KINP / KEPA * * * CKF, Medi resource and agricultural land, pastures, meadows, mountain KEPA um used only with the approval of the competent DMM / DSPAC KINP/DMM Donors um value fruits, medicinal herbs, aquifers, and water authority / HMIK DSPAC management bodies HMIK regime 2 Monitoring the application of the operating KEPA DSPAC * CKF Low Preserving the 1 Drafting the Red Book of Kosovo for KEPA/KINP/D KEPA/KINP/ * * * CKF, Medi regime and continuous reporting types of poultry Ornithophane MM/DSPAC DMM/DSPA Donors um that are in the C Awareness and 1 The inclusion of Kosovo's cultural heritage in MEST MEST, UP * CKF Low information on school curricula Red Book of 2 Setting up a long-term monitoring network for KEPA/KINP/D KEPA/KINP/ * * * CKF, Medi Europe the role and birds MM/DSPAC DMM/DSPA Donors um importance of 2 Specialization of guides for the natural, historical KEPA KEPA/DSPA ** CKF Low C natural and and cultural values of the park of the Bjeshket e DSPAC, C, MTI/DT, Protection of all 1 Phytosanitary control of forests KEPA DSPAC * _ _ cultural heritage Nemuna MTI MCYS/DTK, types of forest DSPAC DT, MCYS Institucioni i vegetation from DTK specializimit 3 Compilation maps, leaflets and brochures on the KEPA/DSPAC, KEPA/DSPA ** CKF Low their 2 Identification of locations in zone II for the MESP DSPAC * CKF Low natural and cultural assets owned by the park DMM, C, DMM, degradation and purpose of reforestation and construction of DSPAC MAFRD/APK MAFRD illegal cutting water catchment for forest protection APK 3 Integration of a modern forest cadastre within MESP DSPAC * CKF Low 4 Documentary programs for the park, broadcast KEPA / DSPAC KEPA/DSPA ** CKF, Low the spatial data base of the NP DSPAC them on certain days of annual manifestations ,MTI / DT, C,MTI/DTM Private MCYS / DK CYS/DK, sector, Protection of 1 Integrating pollution source data into the spatial MESP IHMK * CKF Low NGO, Media Donors environmental database IHMK DSPAC 5 Organize annual school excursions, visit natural MEST, MEST, ** CKF Low elements (air, DSPAC and cultural facilities Drejtoritë Drejtorit water, and soil) 2 Increase the level of monitoring through the MESP IHMK * CKF Low Municipalityle Municipality from agitation provision of a mobile laboratory for measuring IHMK DSPAC të arsimit le të arsimit, and degradation the pollutant parameters LNP, PM10, SO2, NO2, DSPAC DSPAC Ozone and Pb, construction of the hydro- Rational 1 Inclusion of cultural heritage on local level plans MESP / DPH, Municipal * CKF Medi meteorological station in the Erenik River and utilization of the IPH, Directories um another one next to Radavc. values of the Municipalities of Urbanism 3 Continuous monitoring of water resources, river MESP IHMK * CKF Low natural and 2 Drafting of conservation and management plans MCYS MCYS/DTK * * * CKF Low basins, lakes, forest areas, pastures, passages and KEPA DSPAC cultural heritage for areas with cultural heritage morphological occurrences. IHMK of the park DSPAC 3 Finding forms of public-private partnership that MESP, MCYS MCYS/DTK, *** PPP Base would provide conservation opportunities, Private d on 4 Constant monitoring at locations where drinking KEPA KEPA * _ _ including the maintenance of cultural objects Companies the water and hydro-energy is used facili ty 5 Continuous reporting by persons responsible for KEPA KEPA * _ _ Provide support 1 Establishment of a marking system for the values KEPA /DSPAC, KEPA/DSPA * CKF Low monitoring DSPAC DSPAC infrastructure of cultural and natural heritage MCYS / DTK C, for TK areas and MCYS/DTK 6 Establish sewage treatment plant MESP / KEPA MESP/KEPA, * * CKF, Medi facilities 2 Drafting park management plan that should MESP DSPAC * CKF Low Private Private um promote cultural heritage, castke-like houses as sector investor accommodation units, churches, mosques, teqe 7 Recover of land surfaces damaged by MESP / KEPA MESP, * * * CKF Medi etc infrastructure construction MAFRD um Reconstruction 1 Identify constructions and needs for MCYS MCYS/DTK, * * CKF Medi of TK's valuable reconstruction and prioritization Municipal um facilities while directories

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maintaining of kulture Purpose Activity / Measure / Project Decision Application Time Financi Fina their full and making subjects: limit: al ncial authenticity urbanism subjects: source impli Inter- 1 State-level support on the role and importance of Government MCYS, * * CKF Low catio institutional the values of the natural and cultural heritage of of Kosovo, Municipaliti n cooperation the park MCYS es Development of 1 Develop a program to raise the awareness of DSPAC, DSPAC, * CKF, Low between central 2 Harmonization of development plans related to Government Relevant * * traditional visitors about the opportunities offered by the MAFRD NGO PMP and local the tourism development of the Bjeshket e of Kosovo, Ministry agriculture / park governmental Nemuna, belonging to Albania and Montenegro Albania and livestock and 2 Develop a program to raise awareness of the DSPAC, DSPAC * CKF Low and non- Montenegro apiculture with a residents about the possibilities of cultivating MAFRD view to governmental 3 Promotion of the natural and cultural values of MESP/KEPA, MESP/KEPA, * CKF Low organic agriculture in the areas within and economic organizations each country, organization of joint tourist MCYS/DTK, MCYS/DTK, around the park benefit and excursions, giving importance to certain annual RCCH RCCH 3 Establishment of collection points within the park DSPAC, DSPAC, * CKF, Medi ecotourism dates Municipaliti with all necessary infrastructure (PMP) MAFRD, Municipality PPP um development es Municipality Protection and 1 Organization of activities in the form of MCYS/DTK DSPAC, Contin Low 4 Determining the location for the agro-tourism DSPAC, Municipality * CKF, Low promotion of exhibitions, fairs, concerts, parties or other RCCH, uous market (PMP) MAFRD, përkatëse PPP movable and events where cultural heritage, including the Municipaliti MTI/DT & spiritual spiritual one, can be presented es Municipality heritage 2 Promotion of spiritual and movable heritage by MCYS, MEST, Municipaliti Contin CKF Low 5 Drafting a specific regulation for the development MAFRD DSPAC * CKF Low organizing various competitions in schools, Municipalities es uous of the forest sector excursions at the end of the school year, Sustainable use 1 Drafting a regulation on the sustainable use of MAFRD & DSPAC, * CKF Low exhibitions of drawings, photographs and other of natural certain areas for the collection of AMP and WFT MESP Municipaliti school activities resources, AMP DSPAC es 3 The construction of an ethnological museum MESP, MCYS, DSPHC, * * CKF Low (aromatic and which will present dresses, weapons, dishes used MAFRD RCCH medicinal 2 Drafting a project for the creation of a brand for MAFRD, MAFRD * * CKF Low for food, embroidered decorative elements, work plants) and WFT all products produced in the Bjeshkët e Nemuna, DSPAC DSPAC tools, musical instruments and wood carving (wild fruit trees) "Controlled designation of origin", be it medicinal tools, as well as traditional food of these areas. for economic plants, wild fruits, or agricultural products, 4 Supporting projects that stimulate the MCYS, MAFRD Municipaliti * CKF, Low benefits livestock, etc. development of craftsmanship and the cultivation es, NGO, Donors Planning of 1 Public-private partnership agreement for DSPAC, DSPAC, * * CKF, of traditional gastronomy Donors developments investments in the park Municipality, Municipality investit Target under the Investor , ori Socio-demographic development in settlements within and around the Park protection Investor Objektivi Activity / Measure / Project Decision Application Time Financi Fina regime for the 2 Municipalities Municipaliti * CKF Medi making subjects: limit: al ncial areas inside and Harmonization of MDPs: Istog, Peja, Deçan, Junik : Istog, Pejë, es um subjects: source impli around the park and Gjakova with PH of the National Park Deçan, Junik përkatëse catio "Bjeshkët e Nemuna" dhe Gjakovë n 3 Drafting the project and setting up entrances - MESP MESP * CKF Medi Raising the 1 Construction of school facilities and provision of MA, MA * * CKF Low exits in the park foreseen under the provisions for DSPAC DSPAC um quality of transport for students MEST implementation education 2 Construction of educational facilities - MA, MA * * CKF, Low 4 Feasibility study and drafting of the project for MESP, MESP, * * CKF, Medi kindergartens MEST Donors the Peja - Kopranik telepher Municipality Municipality Investor um , Investitor 3 Organizing educational programs for the MA, NGO, MA, NGO, * * CKF, Low 5 Feasibility Study as well as harmonization of the MESP, MESP, * * CKF, Medi population MEST Donors Donors existing "Kopranik Tourist Center" project with Municipality Municipality Private um implementing provisions foreseen in SPBNNP , Private investor Companies Increase the 1 Construction of health centers MA, MH MA, MH, * * CKF, Low 6 Feasibility Study as well as harmonization of the MESP, MESP, * * CKF, Medi quality of health Donors Donors existing project "Ski Center in the Beleg Municipality Municipality Investit um services Mountains" (Drafted by the Croatian Urban ,Private ori 2 Providing health services with ambulance MA, MH MA, MH, * * CKF, Low Institute - of eighties) with the provisions for Companies privat Donors Donors implementation stipulated in PHPKBN 7 Feasibility study and project design for the Municipality Municipality * * CKF, Medi Revitalization of 1 Subsidies in education by age group and gender MA, MH MA, MH, * * CKF, Low Recreation and Tourism Center Bogë according to , Private Investit um depopulated Donors Donors the implementation provisions foreseen in Companies ori settlements SP”BN”NP privat 2 Access to everyone and marketing for the park MA, MESP, MA, * CKF Low 8 Feasibility study and drafting of the project for Municipality Municipality * * CKF, Medi MTI MESP,MTI the development of "Recreational Cultural Center , Investit um 3 Organizing the Rugova Traditional Week MA, MESP, MA, * CKF Low in Shkrel" Investitor ori MTI MESP,MTI 9 Feasibility study and drafting of the project Government Governmen * * CKF Medi Target "Residential Government Center" - Located in t um Tourism development and economic growth of the Park "Boja e Kuqe" at Lugu i Gatë

82 Spatial Plan for the National Park "Bjeshkët e Nemuna" Institute for Spatial Planning

10 Feasibility study and project design for the MESP, MESP, * * * CKF, Medi 3 Sigurimi i lëvizjes së lirë dhe të sigurt për vizitorët MESP MESP * telepher connecting Deçan with Beleg Mountains Municipality Municipality Investit um DSPAC, DSPAC, MPB , Private ori MPB Companies privat 4 Hartimi i programit për grupe të ndryshme të MESP MESP ** CKF Low 11 Feasibility Study and Drafting Project MESP, MESP, * * * CKF, Medi vizitorëve, për vizitat në park DSPAC, MEST, DSPAC "Recreational-Rehabilitation Center" - Zharra Municipality Municipality Private um UP MEST, UP Locality , Private investor 5 Përgatitja e hartave tematike turistike MTI/DT, MESP MTI/DTMES * CKF Low Companies DSPAC P/DSPAC 12 Project design and feasibility study for Municipality Municipality * * * CKF, Medi reactivating the "Children and Youth Resort" , Private Private um 6 Krijimi i një strukture të përhershme financiare që MTI/DT, MESP MTI/DT * * * CKF Medi complex in Deçan Companies investor siguron një buxhet të vazhdueshëm marketingu DSPAC MESP um DSPAC 13 Project design and feasibility study for the Municipality Municipality * * * CKF, Medi 7 Investimet në kulturë për të rritur zhvillimin e MCYS/DTK, MCYS/DTK, * * CKF Medi reactivation of the old hotel complex on the , Private Private um turizmit MTI/DT, Municipality um Decani vacation resort Companies investor Municipality Target 14 Detailed regulation plans for settlements within Municipality Municipality * * CKF Medi Providing access and public services to the Park the park such as: Bogë, Belle, Drelaj, Shtupeq, um Purpose Activity / Measure / Project Decision Application Time Financi Fina Reka e Allagës, Lipë, Malaj, Jasiq, Gjocaj, etj. making subjects: limit: al ncial 15 Determination of kamp zones and area MESP, DSPAC * CKF Low subjects: source impli Municipalities catio 16 Drafting of camp projects Municipality Municipality * * PPP Low n , Private Provision of 1 Extension and asphalting of the regional road Government MI; * * CKF High Companies road R108 in Deçan - the border with Montenegro (MI) Companies 17 Summer camp for children and youth in Haxhaj Municipality Municipality * PPP Low infrastructure with a length of 23 km for roads village , Private and transport 2 Construction of Peklenes road with adequate Government MI; * * CKF High Companies transport width in the northern part that (MI); Municipality 18 Harmonizing the regulation of existing camps MESP, MESP, * CKF, Low connects the city of Peja with Maja e Zeze, Municipality ; Investitor (Kuqishtë Lake, Lutovë, Malaj, Tëbanet e Municipality Municipality Pronarë Shtupeq, Lutovë, Malaj, Pepaj, Koshutan, Shkrel Lumbardhit) , Pronarët t and Bogë 19 Determination of hunting zones MESP /KINP, DSPAC, * * CKF, Low 3 Construction of the Milisevac road with adequate Government MI; * * CKF Medi MAFRD, Municipality Shoqata width of limited transport type in the southern (MI); Municipality um Municipality t e part that connecs the town of Peja with Podin e Municipality ; gjuetisë Jezercit and Milishevc with exit at Zllano Poj Road Education and 1 Institutional support for residents of settlements MTI/DT, MTI/DT, * * CKF Medi Building training of inside and around the park for rural tourism Municipality Municipality um Company human 4 Construction of the road connecting Jablanica Government MI; * CKF Medi with Istog, with adequate width, limited transport (MI); Municipality um resources for the 2 Identification and adaptation of individual Municipalities Pronarët * * CKF, Low type Municipality ; Road tourism industry houses for rural tourism , Pronarët Pronarë Building and t opportunities Company 3 Programs for raising awareness of rural and MTI/DT, DSPAC, * * CKF Low for economic 5 Construction of the road Junik - Lugu i gjatë Government MI; * * CKF Medi cultural tourism MCYS, Municipality benefit for local (MI); Municipality um Municipality , residents Municipality ; Road NGO Building 4 Public awareness through electronic and written MTI/DT, NGO, * CKF Low Company media MCYS/DTK, Mediat 6 Regulation and asphalting of the main road Government MI; Road * * CKF Medi MESP leading to the park from Batushë village to (MI) Building um DSPAC Koshare Battle Memorial Complex Company 5 Supplementation of educational curricula MEST MEST * * CKF Low 7 Adjusting and laying gravel on the secondary road Government MI; * * * CKF High regarding the tourism industry from Junik through Jasiq to the Battle Complex of (MI); Municipality 6 Professional development for tourist guides - tour MEST, MTI/DT MTI / * * PPP Low Koshare Municipality ; Road guides DTMEST Building Investitor Company Creating a park 1 Organization of tourist signaling in the main axes MTI, MI MTI * CKF Low 8 Regulating and laying the gravel on the secondary Government MI; * * CKF Medi image and and main places road to Karakoll and in the Republic of Albania (MI); Municipality um promoting according to SP API "Battle of Koshare" Municipality ; Road tourism 2 Opening of tourist offices in local centers and MTI/DT, MTI/DTMES * * CKF Low Building border points for tourist information as well as MESP/ DSPAC, PDSPAC, Company opening of representative offices in major MD MD 9 Implementation of the project for the regulation Government MI; * * * CKF Low international markets and cooperation with Municipaliti of mountain roads for light motor vehicles and (MI); Municipality Albanian diaspora es Costums firefighters in the Memorial area. Municipality ; Road Building

83 Spatial Plan for the National Park "Bjeshkët e Nemuna" Institute for Spatial Planning

Company 4 Installation of public water supply networks with Government MESP, * * CKF Low capacity based on the aforementioned study in all (MESP); River Municipaliti settlements and other contents within the park Basin es, Public 10 Setting up the telepher in the EST area, namely in Government MESP, MTI; * * * CKF; High Authority; servile the direction of the Kopranik tourist area (MESP, MTI); Municipality Private Municipalities operator Municipality ; Private investor 5 Installment of public sewage networks based on Government MESP, * * CKF Low investor; the abovementioned study in all settlements and (MESP); Municipaliti Constructio other contents within the park, whether touristic, Autoriteti e es, Public n company manufacturing or otherwise Pellgjeve, operator 11 Implementation of the project for the Government MESP, MTI; * * * CKF; Medi Municipalities construction of the telepher from the Memorial (MESP, MTI); Municipality Private um 6 Establishment and construction of the reservoir Government MESP, * * * CKF; Low Complex to Koshare Hill Municipality ; Private investor dam on the Gusha River for fire interventions MESP Service Investor investor; Autoriteti i operator, Constructio Pellgut Lumor Company n company 7 Construction of sewage treatment plants and Government MESP, * * CKF; Medi 12 Construction of pedestrian paths that enable Government Municipality * * * CKF; High collectors collecting wastewater and sending it to MESP Service Private um visitors to access the most attractive places in the (MESP); ; Investitori Investit the plant KEPA operator, Investor park Municipality privat; ori Company Kompania privat Provisiding 1 Installation of antennas to cover the entire MED Ndërmarrja * * Ndërma Low për rrugë telecommunicati national park space with the mobile phone signal publike PTK, rrja 13 Construction of breaks every kilometer along the Government Municipality * * * CKF; Low infrastructure Kompania publike pedestrian paths (MESP); ; Private Investit private PTK, Municipality investor; ori Investit Company privat ori 14 Construction of parking lots at the main entrance Government Municipality * * CKF; Low 2 Installing an underground cable telephone line MED Public * * CKF, Low of the park and in places with tourist capacities (MESP); ; Investitori Investit for bringing fixed landline signal to village Enterprise Public Municipality privat; ori buildings, tourist facilities, and the Battle of PTK, Private Enterpri Kompania privat Koshare Complex company se PTK, 15 Placement of regular public transport lines to all Government MI; * * * CKF; Medi Investor settlements within the park and all other areas (MI); Municipality Private um 3 Establish equipment that enables wireless access MED Public * * CKF, Low with important content Municipality ; Transport investor to the Internet network in all tourist facilities, Enterprise Public operator villages and the Memorial Complex PTK, Private Enterpri Providing 1 Conduct a study with the forecast of the amount Government MED; KEK; * * CKF; Low company se PTK, electricity of electricity needed for the sustainable supply of MED, MESP Private Investor Investor infrastructure the Park company 4 Strengthening of air TV signal for villages, places MED Public * * CKF, Low 2 Conduct a study on finding and using alternative, Government MED; KEK; * * CKF; Low with tourist capacities and Koshare Battlefield, as Enterprise Public renewable energy sources (MED, MESP) Private Investor well as cable installation in buildings for cable RTK, Private Enterpri company television and Internet company se PTK, Investor 3 Ndërtimi i linjave të reja furnizuese 10 kV Government MED; * * * CKF; Medi 5 Setting up postal points in places with tourist MED Public * * CKF, Low gjegjësisht 0.4 kV me trafostacione përcjellës (MED), ZRRE Ndërmarrja Investor um capacities Enterprise Public e EE PTK Enterpri 4 Zëvendësimi i linjave ajrore me ato kabllore Government MED; * * CKF; Low se PTK, nëntokësore (MED), ZRRE Ndërmarrja Investor Provision of 1 Contracting of the operator that will manage the MESP, MESP, * CKF Low e EE infrastructure waste in the park Municipality Municipality 5 Rekonstruktimi-përmirësimi i rrjetit të Government MED; * * * CKF; I for waste 2 Placing garbage containers in all parts that are MESP, Operator * CKF Low shpërndarjes dhe trafove ekzistues, vendosja- (MED), ZRRE Ndërmarrja Investor lartë management frequented by visitors Municipality for waste instalimi i trafove të rinj (sipas pikës 1) e EE managemen 6 Placement of pillars for public lighting of villages Government MED, * * CKF Low t within the park and spaces with content in (MED), ERO, Municipaliti 3 Placing noticeboards for fines following the waste MESP, MESP, * CKF Low function of tourism Municipalities es disposal site in the park Municipality Municipality Electricity Enterprise Provisiding 1 Conduct a study on the amount of drinking water Government MESP, * * CKF; Low Remark: Financial implication may be: Iow – up to 400.000 €; Medium – 400.000 up to 1.000.000 €; and high – more than water needed to supply the park over the next 10 years (MESP), Municipaliti Private infrastructure and for sewerage needs Municipalities es Private investor 1.000.000 €; while the stipulated time limit is as following: *(0 - 2 years); ** (2 - 5 years); and *** (more than 5 years). company 2 Realization of the study on groundwater Government MESP, * * CKF; Low resources (MESP) Kompania Investor private 3 Exploration of new groundwater resources Government MESP, ** CKF; Low (MESP) Kompania Investor private

84 Spatial Plan for the National Park "Bjeshkët e Nemuna" Institute for Spatial Planning

Annex 2 49 49 7438937.75 4701284.33 103 103 7436721.22 4699302.65 50 50 7438982.67 4701234.76 104 104 7436689.27 4699237.73 Table with internal border quotas by municipalities 51 51 7439021.59 4701206.65 105 105 7436646.53 4699227.53 52 52 7439102.31 4701205.31 106 106 7436614.58 4699162.62 Municipal Municipalit 53 53 7439165.08 4701216.48 107 107 7436614.70 4699086.26 Quota No. Quota_X Quota_Y kuota no. y 54 54 7439218.90 4701215.59 108 108 7436625.48 4699031.54 1 1 7438611.62 4703294.63 55 55 7439281.72 4701196.24 109 109 7436636.27 4698965.92 2 2 7438611.78 4703196.98 56 56 7439368.56 4701145.92 110 110 7436615.00 4698900.82 3 3 7438540.09 4703155.44 57 57 7439432.72 4701123.05 111 111 7436540.28 4698847.52 4 4 7438492.28 4703144.03 58 58 7439454.18 4701068.15 112 112 7436486.97 4698772.05 5 5 7438492.34 4703101.31 59 59 7439539.87 4700946.74 113 113 7436465.61 4698761.49 6 6 7438593.99 4703099.62 60 60 7439550.61 4700913.84 114 114 7436422.90 4698740.39 7 7 7438743.55 4703060.52 61 61 7439518.65 4700848.92 115 115 7436401.68 4698642.56 8 8 7438791.49 4702992.60 62 62 7439486.66 4700805.82 116 116 7436306.85 4698557.27 9 9 7438821.57 4702882.24 63 63 7439411.94 4700752.52 117 117 7436306.57 4698556.02 10 10 7438887.57 4702740.78 64 64 7439251.71 4700711.54 118 1 7440441.78 4706737.09 11 11 7438887.72 4702649.22 65 65 7438995.36 4700628.52 119 2 7440435.94 4706651.74 12 12 7438923.72 4702569.28 66 66 7438952.66 4700596.49 120 3 7440424.13 4706554.28 13 13 7439001.64 4702458.14 67 67 7438685.64 4700502.75 121 4 7440382.36 4706500.04 14 14 7438983.74 4702427.92 68 68 7438589.52 4700471.61 122 5 7440322.59 4706488.82 15 15 7438924.00 4702392.29 69 69 7438514.78 4700429.22 123 6 7440328.65 4706433.80 16 16 7438834.35 4702369.37 70 70 7438461.39 4700397.38 124 7 7440346.67 4706384.67 17 17 7438726.76 4702346.73 71 71 7438354.60 4700355.51 125 8 7440436.40 4706364.87

18 18 7438643.22 4702238.25 72 72 7438226.38 4700335.82 126 9 7440490.32 4706290.74

19 19 7438583.49 4702193.47 73 73 7438151.52 4700369.78 127 10 7440466.60 4706169.07 20 20 7438496.90 4702124.71 74 74 7438087.42 4700359.93 128 11 7440400.92 4706115.23 21 21 7438398.25 4702123.29 75 75 7437969.93 4700318.25 129 12 7440371.14 4706036.38 22 22 7438374.35 4702108.43 76 76 7437927.27 4700264.41 130 13 7440347.31 4705987.95

23 23 7438374.42 4702065.71 77 77 7437863.19 4700243.65 131 14 7440239.76 4705940.90

24 24 7438335.60 4702035.83 78 78 7437788.45 4700201.26 132 15 7440197.81 4705990.43 25 25 7438281.80 4702024.51 79 79 7437735.01 4700202.15 133 16 7440191.75 4706045.45 26 26 7438230.99 4702016.20 80 80 7437692.33 4700159.22 134 17 7440149.84 4706076.66 27 27 7438180.22 4701983.48 81 81 7437628.27 4700127.56 135 18 7440137.74 4706162.31 28 28 7438150.37 4701953.46 82 82 7437521.34 4700162.04 136 19 7440137.55 4706284.37 29 29 7438114.50 4701954.05 83 83 7437489.42 4700075.31 137 20 7440125.45 4706370.02

30 30 Quota the of in Municipality Gjakova 7438032.19 4701884.37 84 84 7437425.35 4700043.65 138 21 7440095.44 4706443.76 31 31 7438078.50 4701816.80 85 85 7437329.21 4700023.42 139 22 7440017.55 4706542.70 32 32 7438092.00 4701798.89 86 86 7437275.91 4699937.04 140 23 7439963.85 4706464.24 33 33 7438107.43 4701778.99 87 87 7437243.89 4699915.76 141 24 7439975.96 4706372.49

34 34 7438122.87 4701761.05 88 88 7437190.54 4699862.10 142 25 Quota the of in Municipality Junik 7439952.18 4706287.44 35 35 7438132.52 4701747.14 89 89 7437169.23 4699818.82 143 26 7439976.14 4706262.63 36 36 7438141.85 4701730.16 90 90 7437137.28 4699753.90 144 27 7439994.29 4706134.17 37 37 7438132.85 4701697.41 91 91 7437062.57 4699689.69 145 28 7439910.76 4706013.49 38 38 7438174.69 4701702.82 92 92 7437051.96 4699646.23 146 29 7439910.98 4705879.20 39 39 7438231.50 4701704.93 93 93 7437073.45 4699569.53 147 30 7439965.03 4705731.84 40 40 7438375.01 4701699.50 94 94 7437062.82 4699536.97 148 31 7439917.24 4705708.22 41 41 7438467.75 4701661.35 95 95 7437052.17 4699515.34 149 32 7439869.46 4705672.38 42 42 7438515.69 4701599.52 96 96 7437041.53 4699482.79 150 33 7439749.90 4705656.05 43 43 7438599.43 4701582.88 97 97 7437009.48 4699472.42 151 34 7439570.49 4705671.22 44 44 7438617.46 4701524.60 98 98 7436923.97 4699484.74 152 35 7439481.23 4705398.06 45 45 7438650.39 4701499.64 99 99 7436924.08 4699419.28 153 36 7439481.32 4705349.23 46 46 7438644.56 4701408.19 100 100 7436902.76 4699386.92 154 37 7439463.44 4705306.81 47 47 7438791.11 4701369.15 101 101 7436870.75 4699354.72 155 38 7439425.83 4705199.70 48 48 7438868.91 4701328.19 102 102 7436806.72 4699301.24 156 39 7439326.35 4705034.43

85 Spatial Plan for the National Park "Bjeshkët e Nemuna" Institute for Spatial Planning

157 40 7439380.33 4704935.88 211 19 7441431.58 4715722.49 265 73 7440915.81 4713399.39 158 41 7439332.64 4704845.12 212 20 7441345.87 4715737.51 266 74 7440856.14 4713411.84 159 42 7439356.59 4704820.32 213 21 7441269.25 4715699.96 267 75 7440802.59 4713442.19 160 43 7439416.46 4704776.61 214 22 7441183.21 4715676.81 268 76 7440748.98 4713466.56 161 44 7439416.59 4704697.26 215 23 7441159.03 4715638.84 269 77 7440695.69 4713526.81 162 45 7439398.78 4704618.21 216 24 7441144.40 4715600.79 270 78 7440695.13 4713461.02 163 46 7439357.02 4704557.88 217 25 7441192.04 4715595.63 271 79 7440706.11 4713347.27 164 47 7439375.04 4704502.64 218 26 7441282.61 4715590.11 272 80 7440669.92 4713311.67 165 48 7439357.19 4704454.12 219 27 7441377.60 4715546.40 273 81 7440680.95 4713203.91 166 49 7439315.41 4704405.98 220 28 7441401.12 4715508.03 274 82 7440650.71 4713162.29 167 50 7439315.48 4704357.16 221 29 7441410.04 4715436.39 275 83 7440548.55 4713103.30 168 51 7439321.60 4704277.71 222 30 7441428.74 4715393.29 276 84 7440440.58 4713062.31 169 52 7439303.73 4704229.17 223 31 7441433.18 4715355.09 277 85 7440362.66 4713039.03 170 53 7439220.10 4704181.74 224 32 7441465.75 4715259.40 278 86 7440285.30 4713081.53 171 54 7439184.24 4704164.02 225 33 7441512.52 4715154.05 279 87 7440284.93 4713039.66 172 55 7439196.27 4704127.21 226 34 7441507.30 4715101.60 280 88 7440332.56 4713015.34 173 56 7439232.24 4704065.58 227 35 7441473.59 4715063.71 281 89 7440380.23 4712997.00 174 57 7439232.34 4704004.54 228 36 7441473.66 4714997.97 282 90 7440457.69 4712966.46 175 58 7439178.64 4703938.30 229 37 7441485.26 4714956.01 283 91 7440541.44 4712971.76 176 59 7439190.65 4703901.47 230 38 7441484.64 4714884.23 284 92 7440649.10 4712976.86 177 60 7439250.54 4703839.46 231 39 7441460.43 4714848.54 285 93 7440726.56 4712946.32 178 61 7439250.60 4703802.83 232 40 7441412.54 4714842.95 286 94 7440755.79 4712868.31 179 62 7439250.75 4703711.28 233 41 7441406.20 4714801.13 287 95 7440695.59 4712820.94 180 63 7439274.87 4703588.82 234 42 7441405.85 4714759.26 288 96 7440593.60 4712779.91 181 64 7439281.10 4703430.04 235 43 7441363.68 4714723.71 289 97 7440557.57 4712762.26 182 65 7439263.37 4703302.16 236 44 7441297.87 4714718.27 290 98 7440598.96 4712708.08 183 66 7439191.68 4703266.72 237 45 7441201.91 4714683.16 291 99 7440646.47 4712671.80 184 67 7439078.05 4703274.71 238 46 7441315.14 4714640.36 292 100 7440687.50 4712575.75 185 68 7439024.29 4703245.08 239 47 7441344.67 4714598.25 293 101 7440669.36 4712551.98 186 69 7438946.54 4703252.47 240 48 7441409.86 4714531.91 294 102 7440627.51 4712552.32 187 70 7438910.73 4703210.34 241 49 7441403.47 4714484.11 295 103 7440556.18 4712600.75 188 71 7438862.89 4703211.14 242 50 7441325.34 4714436.89 296 104 7440496.40 4712601.24 189 72 7438815.04 4703218.03 243 51 7441378.27 4714334.77 297 105 7440431.09 4712655.62 190 73 7438749.22 4703249.63 244 52 7441389.56 4714256.91 298 106 7440377.45 4712674.00 191 74 7438719.25 4703298.96 245 53 7441388.43 4714125.32 299 107 7440311.16 4712614.72 192 75 7438665.42 4703305.95 246 54 7441316.01 4714048.14 300 108 7440148.87 4712514.36 193 1 7441711.98 4716717.40 247 55 7441298.13 4714054.27 301 109 7440083.21 4712526.87 194 2 7441711.49 4716660.15 248 56 7441220.25 4714036.96 302 110 7439981.58 4712527.70 195 3 7441710.95 4716598.13 249 57 7441154.69 4714061.42 303 111 7439898.19 4712564.27 196 4 7441696.24 4716550.53 250 58 7441095.22 4714097.81 304 112 7439814.49 4712564.96 197 5 7441695.70 4716488.51 251 59 7441023.74 4714128.30 305 113 7439723.78 4712446.06 198 6 7441704.78 4716435.95 252 60 7441058.89 4714044.26 306 114 7439616.17 4712446.94 199 7 7441732.86 4716373.70 253 61 7441099.81 4713936.25 307 115 7439412.49 4712400.75 200 8 7441750.99 4716263.81 254 62 7441159.39 4713911.84 308 116 7439328.74 4712395.45 201 9 7441707.54 4716202.13 255 63 7441206.86 4713869.58 309 117 7439238.86 4712372.26 202 10 7441669.10 4716169.05 256 64 7441259.74 4713761.48 310 118 7439167.63 4712432.67 203 11 7441597.54 4716164.87 257 65 7441247.16 4713689.79 311 119 7439096.35 4712487.09 204 12 7441525.80 4716141.60 258 66 7441150.73 4713600.85 312 120 7439036.98 4712535.43 205 13 7441449.26 4716113.59 259 67 7441108.98 4713613.16 313 121 7438935.55 4712560.19 206 14 7441495.96 4715998.70 260 68 7441055.28 4713625.56 314 122 7438839.69 4712537.05

207 15 Quota the of in Municipality Deçan 7441585.86 4715916.85 261 69 7441031.16 4713601.83 315 123 7438839.38 4712501.15 208 16 7441604.36 4715849.91 262 70 7441042.71 4713553.89 316 124 7438946.48 4712440.46 209 17 7441507.22 4715645.54 263 71 7441024.30 4713500.19 317 125 7438976.07 4712404.32 210 18 7441478.61 4715645.77 264 72 7440981.99 4713446.70 318 126 7439046.93 4712302.05

86 Spatial Plan for the National Park "Bjeshkët e Nemuna" Institute for Spatial Planning

319 127 7439211.76 4712271.82 373 10 7445597.28 4737041.98 427 64 7442618.56 4735804.51 320 128 7439182.63 4712091.57 374 11 7445555.05 4736960.21 428 65 7442722.87 4735738.97 321 129 7439287.46 4711767.69 375 12 7445533.07 4736857.61 429 66 7442875.91 4735558.19 322 130 7439343.43 4711324.57 376 13 7445456.41 4736762.58 430 67 7442872.86 4735420.77 323 131 7439304.98 4711025.79 377 14 7445407.82 4736715.19 431 68 7442856.34 4735271.89 324 132 7439328.17 4710941.85 378 15 7445386.61 4736667.46 432 69 7442830.03 4735095.46 325 133 7439326.42 4710738.48 379 16 7445385.84 4736612.58 433 70 7443101.30 4734661.40 326 134 7439303.79 4710526.30 380 17 7445391.25 4736509.61 434 71 7443331.14 4734167.10 327 135 7439263.96 4710427.93 381 18 7445383.73 4736461.69 435 72 7443306.55 4734081.42 328 136 7439215.31 4710332.62 382 19 7445396.37 4736386.06 436 73 7443406.03 4734004.26 329 137 7439165.73 4710129.64 383 20 7445388.66 4736324.42 437 74 7443486.07 4733884.32 330 138 7439070.72 4709813.08 384 21 7445367.26 4736262.97 438 75 7443599.16 4733725.94 331 139 7439078.42 4709711.62 385 22 7445360.03 4736235.62 439 76 7443712.25 4733567.56 332 140 7439113.67 4709639.55 386 23 7445326.47 4736284.08 440 77 7443592.83 4733544.69 333 141 7439184.59 4709543.26 387 24 7445279.50 4736353.30 441 78 7443582.39 4733439.81 334 142 7439302.51 4709350.87 388 25 7445238.90 4736388.14 442 79 7443457.83 4733374.02 335 143 7439325.08 4709195.15 389 26 7445211.51 4736388.50 443 80 7443304.91 4733337.11 336 144 7439419.30 4709026.89 390 27 7445170.92 4736423.33 444 81 7443175.83 4733299.99 337 145 7439418.16 4708895.30 391 28 7445157.41 4736437.22 445 82 7443127.40 4733214.50 338 146 7439250.15 4708824.89 392 29 7445130.99 4736506.18 446 83 7443126.74 4733138.17 339 147 7439285.71 4708788.71 393 30 7445118.16 4736568.09 447 84 7443125.76 4733023.66 340 148 7439440.64 4708727.62 394 31 7445077.85 4736623.50 448 85 7443082.27 4732957.22 341 149 7439439.29 4708572.10 395 32 7445009.38 4736624.40 449 86 7443062.78 4732909.67 342 150 7439331.48 4708549.05 396 33 7444996.08 4736652.02 450 87 7443038.61 4732871.70 343 151 7439198.29 4708398.84 397 34 7444935.03 4736693.98 451 88 7442981.19 4732848.31 344 152 7439209.95 4708322.74 398 35 7444866.57 4736694.88 452 89 7442909.49 4732829.82 345 153 7439328.69 4708226.05 399 36 7444791.25 4736695.87 453 90 7442842.56 4732811.27 346 154 7439232.32 4708143.09 400 37 7444764.16 4736716.81 454 91 7442899.54 4732782.18 347 155 7439339.10 4708046.51 401 38 7444710.16 4736772.40 455 92 7442985.13 4732752.85 348 156 7439373.94 4707926.58 402 39 7444662.80 4736814.18 456 93 7443061.05 4732709.28 349 157 7439348.90 4707795.19 403 40 7444588.16 4736863.19 457 94 7443141.99 4732694.31 350 158 7439407.86 4707699.00 404 41 7444394.31 4737009.99 458 95 7443218.04 4732665.06 351 159 7439335.19 4707591.92 405 42 7444224.31 4737177.98 459 96 7443207.93 4732598.34 352 160 7439250.66 4707496.90 406 43 7444032.19 4737242.66 460 97 7443173.95 4732486.89 353 161 7439130.68 4707450.03 407 44 7443976.58 4737208.86 461 98 7443087.02 4732526.03 354 162 7439154.18 4707401.98 408 45 7443881.04 4737279.19 462 99 7443082.73 4732470.79 355 163 7439237.78 4707389.33 409 46 7443768.26 4737101.11 463 100 7443063.07 4732389.59 356 164 7439260.97 4707305.39 410 47 7443644.09 4737095.84 464 101 7443059.59 4732351.72 357 165 7439284.58 4707269.31 411 48 7443679.32 4737150.62 465 102 7442922.88 4732289.82 358 166 7439391.98 4707244.50 412 49 7443660.38 4737275.19 466 103 7442932.83 4732154.76 359 167 7439607.41 4707266.67 413 50 7443583.31 4737186.42 467 104 7442925.54 4732027.28 360 168 7439822.02 4707193.12 414 51 7443527.12 4737111.19 468 105 7442926.58 4731983.04 361 169 7440106.82 4706939.55 415 52 7443408.49 4737009.16 469 106 7442944.83 4731887.48 362 170 7440262.67 4706986.13 416 53 7443264.71 4737080.12 470 107 7442953.10 4731739.49 363 171 7440310.19 4706949.85 417 54 7443139.40 4736991.98 471 108 7442975.58 4731581.86 364 1 7445927.77 4736680.91 418 55 7442979.61 4736904.31 472 109 7443048.05 4731524.60 365 2 7445907.80 4736722.33 419 56 7443025.64 4736744.85 473 110 7443151.72 4731420.56 366 3 7445860.65 4736777.83 420 57 7442997.39 4736696.89 474 111 7443197.21 4731353.12

367 4 7445834.03 4736833.06 421 58 7442983.12 4736662.55 475 112 7443249.21 4731300.22

368 5 7445800.47 4736881.53 422 59 7442954.78 4736607.67 476 113 7443320.10 4731279.60 Peja 369 6 7445746.46 4736937.11 423 60 7442926.15 4736532.07 477 114 7443363.01 4731249.51 370 7 7445705.77 4736965.10 424 61 7442863.64 4736498.37 478 115 7443348.48 4731199.21 371 8 7445678.86 4736999.75 425 62 7442821.42 4736436.76 479 116 7443310.05 4731166.13

372 9 Quota the of in Municipality 7445638.74 4737068.88 426 63 7442730.14 4735931.39 480 117 7443266.84 4731133.07

87 Spatial Plan for the National Park "Bjeshkët e Nemuna" Institute for Spatial Planning

481 118 7443190.50 4731128.93 535 172 7442425.74 4727604.43 589 226 7439780.09 4726624.12 482 119 7443171.39 4731124.31 536 173 7442534.96 4727551.05 590 227 7439765.38 4726576.52 483 120 7443175.54 4731052.71 537 174 7442572.45 4727474.40 591 228 7439702.69 4726495.92 484 121 7443160.95 4730941.42 538 175 7442566.73 4727364.71 592 229 7439692.42 4726410.13 485 122 7442934.22 4730901.33 539 176 7442556.78 4727317.07 593 230 7439726.74 4726369.25 486 123 7442829.26 4730807.46 540 177 7442513.62 4727288.80 594 231 7439715.60 4726333.60 487 124 7442800.54 4730769.81 541 178 7442441.27 4727193.97 595 232 7439662.94 4726310.17 488 125 7442722.81 4730709.35 542 179 7442416.56 4727093.97 596 233 7439590.88 4726248.73 489 126 7442741.01 4730615.38 543 180 7442387.79 4727075.13 597 234 7439504.63 4726201.73 490 127 7442812.85 4730499.29 544 181 7442282.80 4727066.44 598 235 7439447.16 4726173.57 491 128 7442806.63 4730301.86 545 182 7442215.58 4727014.50 599 236 7439399.11 4726131.02 492 129 7442782.18 4730230.50 546 183 7442182.24 4727019.56 600 237 7439398.65 4726078.54 493 130 7442748.38 4730183.06 547 184 7442148.62 4726991.20 601 238 7439427.02 4726049.68 494 131 7442700.21 4730126.20 548 185 7442105.42 4726958.16 602 239 7439497.97 4725982.31 495 132 7442666.13 4730045.37 549 186 7442038.66 4726958.70 603 240 7439507.10 4725934.51 496 133 7442603.40 4729960.00 550 187 7441905.35 4726983.65 604 241 7439440.26 4725925.52 497 134 7442521.51 4729865.24 551 188 7441838.50 4726974.65 605 242 7439411.52 4725911.44 498 135 7442473.21 4729794.06 552 189 7441780.42 4726874.93 606 243 7439354.22 4725902.37 499 136 7442472.39 4729698.64 553 190 7441665.93 4726871.10 607 244 7439306.66 4725917.07 500 137 7442438.64 4729655.98 554 191 7441608.71 4726871.57 608 245 7439278.33 4725950.70 501 138 7442410.03 4729656.22 555 192 7441508.57 4726872.39 609 246 7439220.94 4725932.09 502 139 7442357.82 4729685.27 556 193 7441432.15 4726858.70 610 247 7439178.36 4725970.60 503 140 7442301.69 4729672.04 557 194 7441380.27 4726925.93 611 248 7439130.88 4725994.85 504 141 7442270.13 4729687.27 558 195 7441251.52 4726926.98 612 249 7439107.03 4725995.05 505 142 7442234.13 4729681.11 559 196 7441218.26 4726941.56 613 250 7439044.63 4725947.84 506 143 7442209.41 4729671.76 560 197 7441166.51 4727023.10 614 251 7439001.64 4725938.65 507 144 7442188.03 4729661.74 561 198 7441142.67 4727023.30 615 252 7438939.60 4725934.39 508 145 7442136.33 4729635.01 562 199 7441123.59 4727023.45 616 253 7438844.23 4725935.17 509 146 7442019.60 4729562.01 563 200 7441104.60 4727033.15 617 254 7438815.45 4725916.32 510 147 7441869.01 4729407.77 564 201 7441085.77 4727061.93 618 255 7438781.83 4725887.97 511 148 7441888.56 4729255.92 565 202 7441043.47 4727133.85 619 256 7438762.51 4725859.50 512 149 7441924.34 4729187.83 566 203 7440977.25 4727196.41 620 257 7438714.66 4725840.80 513 150 7441933.54 4729149.59 567 204 7440886.40 4727168.53 621 258 7438676.35 4725822.03 514 151 7442009.10 4729063.08 568 205 7440794.81 4727054.77 622 259 7438676.10 4725793.41 515 152 7442155.49 4728894.90 569 206 7440784.78 4726997.59 623 260 7438661.51 4725760.12 516 153 7442268.53 4728731.74 570 207 7440755.84 4726959.66 624 261 7438632.61 4725726.97 517 154 7442334.67 4728659.63 571 208 7440679.01 4726898.26 625 262 7438527.28 4725680.12 518 155 7442362.87 4728611.69 572 209 7440654.47 4726817.36 626 263 7438468.79 4725532.68 519 156 7442391.45 4728606.68 573 210 7440630.62 4726817.55 627 264 7438410.78 4725442.50 520 157 7442410.36 4728587.45 574 211 7440587.91 4726841.76 628 265 7438395.53 4725332.89 521 158 7442452.49 4728496.45 575 212 7440569.09 4726870.54 629 266 7438347.44 4725285.57 522 159 7442470.91 4728419.95 576 213 7440541.70 4727013.89 630 267 7438265.84 4725224.21 523 160 7442489.86 4728405.48 577 214 7440532.04 4726999.66 631 268 7438336.59 4725132.97 524 161 7442551.65 4728381.12 578 215 7440507.88 4726961.69 632 269 7438593.02 4725006.82 525 162 7442603.81 4728347.29 579 216 7440488.59 4726938.00 633 270 7438797.61 4724952.67 526 163 7442664.94 4728246.59 580 217 7440431.13 4726909.83 634 271 7438836.65 4724885.61 527 164 7442721.42 4728160.26 581 218 7440325.39 4726815.28 635 272 7438910.94 4724822.91 528 165 7442777.58 4728035.73 582 219 7440162.20 4726692.55 636 273 7439053.63 4724778.80 529 166 7442795.62 4727916.30 583 220 7440124.05 4726692.87 637 274 7439120.39 4724778.26 530 167 7442742.76 4727869.03 584 221 7440038.58 4726736.51 638 275 7439196.36 4724739.47 531 168 7442594.27 4727793.90 585 222 7439952.79 4726741.99 639 276 7439248.81 4724739.04 532 169 7442536.60 4727741.88 586 223 7439881.05 4726718.72 640 277 7439310.35 4724686.04 533 170 7442459.77 4727680.49 587 224 7439847.39 4726685.59 641 278 7439462.58 4724641.86 534 171 7442387.91 4727642.91 588 225 7439818.49 4726652.43 642 279 7439499.00 4724441.17

88 Spatial Plan for the National Park "Bjeshkët e Nemuna" Institute for Spatial Planning

643 280 7439541.71 4724416.95 697 334 7440580.43 4722652.61 751 388 7440850.31 4719105.33 644 281 7439640.95 4724311.17 698 335 7440532.42 4722614.84 752 389 7440849.70 4719033.76 645 282 7439769.25 4724257.64 699 336 7440484.73 4722615.23 753 390 7440849.12 4718966.98 646 283 7439887.72 4724170.79 700 337 7440379.99 4722635.17 754 391 7440839.09 4718909.80 647 284 7439954.48 4724170.24 701 338 7440260.98 4722660.00 755 392 7440857.55 4718838.08 648 285 7440064.16 4724169.34 702 339 7440175.35 4722684.56 756 393 7440857.26 4718804.68 649 286 7440073.82 4724183.58 703 340 7440141.97 4722684.84 757 394 7440842.09 4718704.61 650 287 7440112.30 4724221.44 704 341 7440099.06 4722685.19 758 395 7440798.35 4718609.54 651 288 7440165.32 4724287.80 705 342 7440098.65 4722637.47 759 396 7440764.10 4718509.62 652 289 7440198.75 4724292.29 706 343 7440117.60 4722623.01 760 397 7440763.70 4718461.92 653 290 7440250.91 4724258.47 707 344 7440179.21 4722579.56 761 398 7440667.62 4718381.59 654 291 7440303.32 4724253.27 708 345 7440226.54 4722536.23 762 399 7440638.65 4718338.89 655 292 7440341.26 4724229.11 709 346 7440250.08 4722502.64 763 400 7440637.94 4718257.78 656 293 7440355.04 4724166.96 710 347 7440306.49 4722406.75 764 401 7440618.75 4718243.62 657 294 7440349.90 4724124.07 711 348 7440329.80 4722344.53 765 402 7440575.42 4718196.26 658 295 7440316.06 4724071.86 712 349 7440390.76 4722224.75 766 403 7440618.26 4718186.37 659 296 7440310.88 4724024.19 713 350 7440361.41 4722139.10 767 404 7440675.76 4718219.30 660 297 7440281.62 4723948.09 714 351 7440317.75 4722053.59 768 405 7440718.80 4718233.26 661 298 7440285.89 4723890.79 715 352 7440255.39 4722011.15 769 406 7440786.02 4718285.19 662 299 7440309.74 4723890.60 716 353 7440269.37 4721972.87 770 407 7440833.41 4718251.41 663 300 7440357.71 4723923.61 717 354 7440254.37 4721891.88 771 408 7440842.67 4718217.94 664 301 7440395.90 4723928.07 718 355 7440191.35 4721773.11 772 409 7440851.42 4718127.21 665 302 7440453.16 4723932.37 719 356 7440113.48 4721592.44 773 410 7440908.56 4718117.20 666 303 7440467.55 4723941.79 720 357 7440140.04 4721409.56 774 411 7440993.98 4718068.78 667 304 7440486.95 4723979.80 721 358 7440235.45 4721357.65 775 412 7441045.78 4717992.01 668 305 7440539.57 4723998.45 722 359 7440444.12 4721222.35 776 413 7441116.20 4717862.62 669 306 7440572.95 4723998.18 723 360 7440458.06 4721179.28 777 414 7441248.20 4717684.99 670 307 7440586.72 4723936.05 724 361 7440500.52 4721126.46 778 415 7441276.48 4717646.60 671 308 7440567.16 4723878.95 725 362 7440542.90 4721064.08 779 416 7441332.88 4717550.71 672 309 7440590.38 4723807.19 726 363 7440537.97 4721045.04 780 417 7441384.02 4717397.61 673 310 7440666.51 4723787.48 727 364 7440537.15 4720949.62 781 418 7441412.02 4717325.81 674 311 7440684.89 4723706.22 728 365 7440536.41 4720863.74 782 419 7441411.77 4717297.19 675 312 7440568.68 4723502.01 729 366 7440626.11 4720758.04 783 420 7441444.61 4717234.89 676 313 7440511.13 4723464.30 730 367 7440610.86 4720648.42 784 421 7441491.27 4717115.22 677 314 7440506.03 4723426.18 731 368 7440610.45 4720600.72 785 422 7441490.53 4717029.35 678 315 7440534.07 4723359.15 732 369 7440643.04 4720509.79 786 423 7441490.16 4716986.41 679 316 7440552.97 4723339.91 733 370 7440628.16 4720443.11 787 424 7441523.38 4716967.05 680 317 7440581.30 4723306.28 734 371 7440636.67 4720323.76 788 425 7441561.07 4716914.26 681 318 7440609.29 4723234.48 735 372 7440636.14 4720261.74 789 426 7441603.58 4716866.20 682 319 7440637.49 4723186.54 736 373 7440649.95 4720204.37 790 427 7441646.24 4716837.22 683 320 7440655.83 4723100.50 737 374 7440678.06 4720146.88 791 428 7441679.21 4716789.24

684 321 7440636.63 4723086.35 738 375 7440715.68 4720084.55 792 1 7452599.53 4744846.32 685 322 7440626.76 4723048.25 739 376 7440762.79 4720017.37 793 2 7452507.62 4744679.06 686 323 7440650.23 4723005.12 740 377 7440795.84 4719978.93 794 3 7452482.15 4744563.02 687 324 7440678.44 4722957.17 741 378 7440823.80 4719902.36 795 4 7452475.45 4744302.59 688 325 7440663.68 4722904.81 742 379 7440837.12 4719787.74 796 5 7452471.39 4744073.59 689 326 7440677.53 4722852.21 743 380 7440855.57 4719716.01 797 6 7452833.66 4743532.77

690 327 7440681.97 4722814.01 744 381 7440864.00 4719587.12 798 7 7452932.66 4743424.49 Municipality of Istog Municipality 691 328 7440705.77 4722809.04 745 382 7440858.78 4719534.68 799 8 7453196.10 4743025.13 692 329 7440729.53 4722799.31 746 383 7440844.02 4719482.32 800 9 7453187.47 4742958.79 693 330 7440729.20 4722761.13 747 384 7440824.29 4719406.14 801 10 7453120.86 4742909.31 694 331 7440709.92 4722737.44 748 385 7440813.81 4719296.48 802 11 7453037.44 4742818.41 695 332 7440652.54 4722718.82 749 386 7440837.12 4719234.26 803 12 Quota the in 7452954.19 4742760.69 696 333 7440609.37 4722690.55 750 387 7440884.22 4719167.08 804 13 7452928.93 4742686.14

89 Spatial Plan for the National Park "Bjeshkët e Nemuna" Institute for Spatial Planning

805 14 7452903.34 4742545.21 859 68 7452815.63 4738314.52 913 122 7449623.59 4737870.20 806 15 7452927.93 4742487.04 860 69 7452840.22 4738256.33 914 123 7449581.94 4737806.58 807 16 7452894.00 4742337.85 861 70 7452790.28 4738223.37 915 124 7449569.39 4737742.57 808 17 7452892.91 4742122.15 862 71 7452682.28 4738190.64 916 125 7449510.51 4737696.68 809 18 7452916.95 4741956.13 863 72 7452657.39 4738190.75 917 126 7449428.35 4737651.08 810 19 7452965.97 4741806.58 864 73 7452575.07 4738315.56 918 127 7449399.89 4737698.14 811 20 7453031.33 4741607.18 865 74 7452558.43 4738307.34 919 128 7449289.26 4737699.59 812 21 7453022.49 4741499.37 866 75 7452508.08 4738191.40 920 129 7449167.23 4737718.70 813 22 7453021.91 4741383.23 867 76 7452466.31 4738133.51 921 130 7448872.37 4737945.52 814 23 7453054.50 4741266.94 868 77 7452349.96 4738092.53 922 131 7448547.07 4737807.20 815 24 7453103.69 4741150.58 869 78 7452300.19 4738092.74 923 132 7448314.23 4737810.26 816 25 7453235.36 4740942.61 870 79 7452242.29 4738126.18 924 133 7448029.88 4737889.26 817 26 7453276.42 4740859.46 871 80 7452200.98 4738159.54 925 134 7447856.08 4737816.30 818 27 7453300.81 4740759.80 872 81 7452167.96 4738192.87 926 135 7447666.73 4737705.91 819 28 7453308.60 4740660.22 873 82 7452167.63 4738126.51 927 136 7447530.59 4737639.96 820 29 7453399.39 4740568.56 874 83 7452117.61 4738076.94 928 137 7447550.81 4737474.13 821 30 7453498.22 4740427.10 875 84 7452009.69 4738060.81 929 138 7447468.20 4737475.22 822 31 7453514.68 4740402.15 876 85 7451926.73 4738061.17 930 139 7447417.44 4737334.12 823 32 7453547.66 4740360.52 877 86 7451843.70 4738044.94 931 140 7447350.10 4737335.00 824 33 7453630.15 4740268.90 878 87 7451719.14 4738020.59 932 141 7447261.35 4737181.93 825 34 7453646.07 4740136.09 879 88 7451661.07 4738020.84 933 142 7447144.41 4737077.43 826 35 7453811.43 4740027.53 880 89 7451619.47 4737996.13 934 143 7447036.42 4737040.00 827 36 7453794.51 4739961.23 881 90 7451561.11 4737938.31 935 144 7446760.12 4736951.21 828 37 7453793.88 4739836.79 882 91 7451469.82 4737930.41 936 145 7446726.18 4736972.24 829 38 7453810.35 4739811.83 883 92 7451353.68 4737930.91 937 146 7446685.19 4736979.64 830 39 7453834.60 4739687.29 884 93 7451212.58 4737914.93 938 147 7446630.52 4736987.22 831 40 7453850.53 4739554.48 885 94 7451154.52 4737915.18 939 148 7446631.71 4736944.98 832 41 7453883.12 4739438.18 886 95 7451113.20 4737948.54 940 149 7446663.12 4736870.17 833 42 7453923.59 4739238.90 887 96 7451088.19 4737923.77 941 150 7446635.16 4736829.37 834 43 7453964.57 4739139.18 888 97 7451079.61 4737865.72 942 151 7446551.37 4736713.86 835 44 7453947.27 4738998.21 889 98 7451079.27 4737799.36 943 152 7446483.10 4736728.47 836 45 7453986.19 4738874.80 890 99 7451062.34 4737733.06 944 153 7446395.06 4736798.24 837 46 7453888.57 4738874.02 891 100 7451037.25 4737691.69 945 154 7446394.38 4736750.22 838 47 7453921.42 4738807.50 892 101 7450970.80 4737675.38 946 155 7446373.55 4736729.92 839 48 7453995.83 4738757.41 893 102 7450904.15 4737665.06 947 156 7446325.05 4736689.40 840 49 7454045.35 4738707.41 894 103 7450840.10 4737665.90 948 157 7446256.39 4736676.58 841 50 7454078.15 4738632.61 895 104 7450743.03 4737966.31 949 158 7446120.24 4736733.25 842 51 7454085.69 4738483.24 896 105 7450660.54 4737897.39 950 159 7446119.47 4736678.39 843 52 7454027.38 4738433.72 897 106 7450613.15 4737839.67 951 160 7446070.77 4736624.14 844 53 7453886.35 4738434.33 898 107 7450554.84 4737834.61 952 161 7446036.16 4736597.16 845 54 7453786.81 4738434.76 899 108 7450484.90 4737829.70 953 162 7445988.42 4736611.51 846 55 7453703.78 4738418.53 900 109 7450339.09 4737814.12 954 163 7445947.92 4736653.21 847 56 7453604.19 4738410.66 901 110 7450286.85 4737826.47 955 164 7452599.53 4744846.32 848 57 7453496.35 4738411.13 902 111 7450235.19 4737879.65 849 58 7453413.40 4738411.49 903 112 7450193.77 4737833.53 850 59 7453372.13 4738453.15 904 113 7450176.23 4737827.93 851 60 7453297.51 4738461.76 905 114 7450123.91 4737834.45 852 61 7453247.53 4738420.50 906 115 7450048.38 4737847.11 853 62 7453181.17 4738420.79 907 116 7449995.81 4737836.14 854 63 7453106.51 4738421.11 908 117 7449913.89 4737808.05 855 64 7453006.97 4738421.54 909 118 7449855.66 4737808.81 856 65 7452932.68 4738496.52 910 119 7449809.42 4737832.76 857 66 7452899.09 4738413.71 911 120 7449704.78 4737845.80 858 67 7452832.34 4738339.33 912 121 7449641.30 4737887.47

90 Spatial Plan for the National Park "Bjeshkët e Nemuna" Institute for Spatial Planning

GOVERNMENT OF KOSOVO Ministry of Environment and Spatial Planning

Kosovo Environment Protection Agency

SPATIAL PLAN

NATIONAL PARK “Bjeshkët e Nemuna”

Document compiled by:

INSTITUTE FOR SPATIAL PLANNING

In cooperation with relevant structures of sectors of the Government of Kosovo, Municipal governments and different leve structures of Kosovo society

Pristina November, 2016

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