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Operation Technology of Solar Photovoltaic Power Station Roof and Policy Framework Operation Technology of Solar Photovoltaic Power Station Roof and Policy Framework Expert Group on New and Renewable Energy Technologies (EGNRET) Of Energy Working Group (EWG) (May 2014) Operation Technology of Solar Photovoltaic Power Station Roof and Policy Framework APEC Project: EWG 24 2012A -- Operation Technology of Solar Photovoltaic Power Station Roof and Policy Framework Produced by Beijing QunLing Energy Resources Technology Co., Ltd For Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation Secretariat 35 Heng Mui Keng Terrace Singapore 119616 Tel: (65) 68919 600 Fax: (65) 68919 690 Email: [email protected] Website: www.apec.org © 2014 APEC Secretariat APEC Publication number : APEC#214-RE-01.8 Page 2 of 170 Operation Technology of Solar Photovoltaic Power Station Roof and Policy Framework Operation Technology of Solar Photovoltaic Power Station Roof and Policy Framework Content 1 Introduction.............................................................................................8 1.1 Background ..................................................................................................... 8 1.2 Project Goal................................................................................................... 12 1.2.1 Solar Resources Analysis.......................................................................... 12 1.2.2 PV Technology Development .................................................................... 12 1.2.3 Policy Review ............................................................................................ 12 1.2.4 PV Project Database ................................................................................. 13 1.2.5 PV Project Evaluation Scheme ................................................................. 13 1.2.6 Best Practices ........................................................................................... 13 2 Review of PV Policy..............................................................................14 2.1 The Role of Government ............................................................................... 14 2.2 PV Policy of China, Japan and USA ............................................................. 14 2.2.1 China’s PV Policy ...................................................................................... 14 2.2.2 Japan’s PV Policy...................................................................................... 17 2.2.3 USA PV Policy........................................................................................... 21 2.2.4 The PV Policy of Other APEC Economies ................................................ 27 2.3 Summary ....................................................................................................... 27 3 APEC PV Project Database ..................................................................29 3.1 Introduction of APEC PV Project Database................................................... 29 3.1.1 Australia’s PV Project Database................................................................ 29 3.1.2 Canada’s PV Project Database ................................................................. 32 3.1.3 China’s PV Project Database .................................................................... 32 3.1.4 Japan’s PV Project Database.................................................................... 35 3.1.5 Malaysia’s PV Project Database ............................................................... 37 3.1.6 Singapore’s PV Project Database ............................................................. 39 3.1.7 USA PV Project Database......................................................................... 40 Page 3 of 170 Operation Technology of Solar Photovoltaic Power Station Roof and Policy Framework 3.2 Proposal of APEC PV Project Database ....................................................... 42 4 APEC PV Evaluation System ...............................................................43 4.1 Introduction of truSolar .................................................................................. 43 4.2 System Advisor Model................................................................................... 44 4.3 RETScreen Model ......................................................................................... 46 4.4 Proposal for APEC PV Evaluation System.................................................... 47 4.4.1 Three Levels.............................................................................................. 47 4.4.2 Evaluation Area and Sections ................................................................... 48 5 Technology Research and Case Study ...............................................53 5.1 General Introduction...................................................................................... 53 5.1.1 Solar Radiation.......................................................................................... 53 5.1.2 PV Technology Development Review........................................................ 60 5.2 Case Studies ................................................................................................. 65 5.2.1 International Solar Decathlon .................................................................... 65 5.2.2 SolarCity Rooftop Project .......................................................................... 70 5.2.3 Solar Town in Japan .................................................................................. 72 5.2.4 Commercial and Industrial Rooftop PV system ......................................... 73 5.2.5 Agricultural greenhouses........................................................................... 75 6 Conclusion ............................................................................................77 6.1 The PV investment profitability is increasing................................................. 77 6.2 Rooftop is main development field ................................................................ 77 6.3 Policy plays important role ............................................................................ 77 6.4 PV project evaluation scheme....................................................................... 78 6.5 Project database and platform....................................................................... 78 6.6 Technology exchange and innovation ........................................................... 78 6.7 Human resource training ............................................................................... 78 7 Reference ..............................................................................................79 Attachment: PV project database ...............................................................82 Page 4 of 170 Operation Technology of Solar Photovoltaic Power Station Roof and Policy Framework Operation Technology of Solar Photovoltaic Power Station Roof and Policy Framework Figures Fig. 1 Primary Energy Mix in APEC 21................................................................ 9 Fig. 2 Renewable Energy Supply in APEC 21 Economies (2010) ...................... 9 Fig. 3 Renewable Energy Mix in APEC 21 Economies (2010).......................... 10 Fig. 4 Renewable Energy in APEC 21Economies (2010) ................................. 10 Fig. 5 Renewable Energy per Capita in APEC 21 Economies (2010)................11 Fig. 6 Evolution of Global PV Cumulative Installed Capacity 2000-2012 (MW) .11 Fig. 7 Feed-In Tariffs and Initial Investment Subsidies Specific Ways............... 15 Fig. 8 Japan Cumulative Renewable Power Generation Capacity Certified by FIT Regime....................................................................................................... 19 Fig. 9 Japan Cumulative Renewable Power Generation Capacity Certified by FIT Regime....................................................................................................... 20 Fig. 10 Japan Tariffs and Duration.................................................................... 20 Fig. 11 The States Distribution Map of Net Metering Rules .............................. 22 Fig. 12 The States Distribution Map of Grant Programs ................................... 23 Fig. 13 The States Distribution Map of Sales Tax Incentives............................ 23 Fig. 14 The States Distribution Map of Loan Programs .................................... 24 Fig. 15 The States Distribution Map of Interconnection Policies ....................... 24 Fig. 16 The States Distribution Map of Property Tax Incentives ....................... 25 Fig. 17 The States Distribution Map of Rebate Programs................................. 25 Fig. 18 U.S. Cumulative PV Installed Capacity Statistics for 2010-2013:GW ... 26 Fig. 19 Total Installed Capacity Distribution in different States of Australia ...... 31 Fig. 20 Capacity density in Australia ................................................................. 31 Fig. 21 The Distribution of PV Projects Installed Capacity ................................ 32 Fig. 22 The Quantity Distribution of PV Projects in 4 Provinces of China ......... 33 Fig. 23 The Capacity Distribution of PV Projects in 4 Provinces of China ........ 33 Fig. 24 The Quantity Distribution of Different Types PV Projects...................... 34 Fig. 25 The Capacity Distribution of Different Types......................................... 34 Page 5 of 170 Operation Technology of Solar Photovoltaic Power Station Roof and Policy Framework Fig. 26 The Quantity Distribution of PV Projects in Malaysia ...........................
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