Wilmington Area Planning Council

2025 Update

CONNECTIONS to the st 21 Century

2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan

Adopted February 23, 2000

Wilmington Area Planning Council 850 Library Avenue, Suite 100 Newark, DE 19711 Phone (302) 737-6205 Email [email protected] Fax (302) 737-9584 Web www.wilmapco.org

Wilmington Area Planning Council *

Council: Anne P. Canby, Secretary, Delaware Department of Transportation, Chairperson Robert J. Alt, Mayor, City of Elkton, Vice Chair Nelson K. Bolender, President, Cecil County Commissioners Jeffrey W. Bullock, Chief of Staff, Delaware Governor’s Office Thomas P. Gordon, County Executive, New Castle County James F. Grant, Mayor, Town of Odessa Marsha J. Kaiser, Director, Maryland Department of Transportation Office of Planning & Capital Programming Raymond C. Miller, Director, Delaware Transit Corporation James H. Sills, Jr., Mayor, City of Wilmington

Technical Advisory Committee: Public Advisory Committee: Anna Marie Gonnella, Delaware River & Bay Authority, Chairperson Anita Puglisi, City of Newark Citizen, Chairperson Phil Wheeler, Delaware Department of Natural Resources & Barbara Washam, Upper East Side Neighborhood Association, Vice Chair Environmental Control, Vice Chair Doug Andrews, Delmarva Rail Passenger Association Eugene E. Abbott, Delaware Department of Transportation David Blankenship, Wilmington Department of Public Works David Baker, Southern New Castle County Citizen Anthony J. Di Giacomo, Cecil County Office of Planning and Jan Baty, Newark Planning Commission Zoning & Parks and Recreation Lynn Broaddus, Brandywine Hundred Citizen Bobbie Geier, Delaware Transit Corporation Harry Brown, City of Wilmington Citizen Markus R. Gradecak, Maryland Office of Planning John J. Casey, Delaware Contractors Association Herbert M. Inden, Delaware Office of State Planning Bob Dietrich, Delaware Motor Transport Association Coordination Gwinneth Kaminsky Rivera, Wilmington Department of Planning Dennis Flint, White Clay Creek Bicycle Club James P. Lisa, Delaware Economic Development Office Ben Harrington, Cecil County Citizen Albert Loyola, Newark Department of Planning William Jeanes, Jr., Upper Chesapeake Watershed Association Jeanne D. Minner, Town of Elkton Spiros Mantzavinos, New Castle County Chamber of Commerce Michael W. Nixon, Maryland Department of Transportation Thomas Meyer, Committee of 100 Roger P. Roy, Transportation Management Assoc. of Delaware Joseph Mitchell, New Castle County Citizen James E. Thompson, Maryland State Highway Administration Donald Petillo, Cannonshire Maintenance Association Shawn P. Tucker, New Castle County Department of Land Use Joshua Pollak, Delaware State Chamber of Commerce ex-officio: Norman Spector, New Castle County Citizen Larry Budney, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Joseph Thompson, Home Builders Association of Delaware John Garrity, Federal Transit Administration Peggy Tracy, New Castle County Citizen Paul J. Lang, Federal Highway Administration John Tylee, Wilmington Renaissance Susan S. Quatresols, AMTRAK Gail Van Gilder, Delaware Greenways Michael D. Sprague, Diamond State Port Corporation Frances M. West, New Castle County Citizen Harlan Williams, Cecil County Board of Realtors Miriam Willis, League of Women Voters of New Castle County

Staff G. Alexander Taft, Executive Director Charles L. Baker, Deputy Director Tigist Zegeye, Senior Planner/Engineer Heather Ehrlich, Planner David Saladino, Transportation Analyst Daniel S. Blevins, Transportation Analyst Alison Burris, Public Outreach Coordinator Betty J. Reeder, Director of Administration Eleanor R. Rafalli, Administrative Assistant Virginia Q. Craig, Secretary

* Committees and Staff as of February 23, 2000

The preparation of this document was financed in part with funds provided by the Federal Government, including the Federal Transit Administration, through the Joint Funding Simplification Program, and the Federal Highway Administration of the United States Department of Transportation.

February 23,2000 WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan i

Table of Contents Page

1.0 INTRODUCTION...... 1-1 1.1 WILMAPCO AND THE METROPOLITAN TRANSPORTATION PLAN...... 1-1 1.2 SCHEDULE...... 1-3 2.0 REVIEW OF THE 2020 MTP AND NEW INFORMATION...... 2-1 2.1 EFFECTIVENESS...... 2-2 2.2 PROJECTIONS ...... 2-4 2.3 PUBLIC PARTICIPATION...... 2-6 2.4 CONTINUING CHALLENGES ...... 2-7 3.0 PLAN DEVELOPMENT & ASSESMENT...... 3-1 3.1 PLAN DEVELOMENT...... 3-1 3.2 2025 MTP ASSESSMENT ...... 3-8 4.0 METROPOLITAN TRANSPORTATION PLAN...... 4-1 4.1 REGIONAL GOALS...... 4-1 4.2 STRATEGIES TO LINK TRANSPORTATION AND LAND USE ...... 4-2 4.3 STRATEGIES TO PROTECT OUR NATURAL & HISTORIC RESOURCES...... 4-11 4.4 STRATEGIES TO IMPROVE OUR MOBILITY ...... 4-16 4.5 STRATEGIES TO MANAGE OUR TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM...... 4-23 4.6 STRATEGIES TO IMPROVE COMMERCE...... 4-31 4.7 PLANNED INVESTMENTS ...... 4-37 SUPPLEMENT - ANNUAL EFFECTIVENESS REVIEW...... S-1

APPENDICES A. TRANSPORTATION PLANNING GLOSSARY B. DATA SUMMARY C. 2020 MTP STATUS OF ACTIONS D. RECORD OF PUBLIC COMMENTS E. RECORD OF PUBLIC OUTREACH F. PUBLIC COMMENT FORM G. SCENARIO ASSESSMENT H. DEMOGRAPHIC DATA I. AIR QUALITY CONFORMITY DETERMINATION J. FINANCIAL REASONABLENESS

February 23,2000 WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan ii

Chapter 1 1.1 WILMAPCO and the Metropolitan Transportation Plan

1.0 Introduction

1.1 WILMAPCO and the Metropolitan Transportation Plan

The Wilmington Area Planning Council (WILMAPCO) is the regional transportation planning agency for the Cecil County and New Castle County area, known as the Wilmington Metropolitan Region. As the federally designated metropolitan planning organization (MPO), WILMAPCO is charged with planning and coordinating the many transportation investments proposed for this region. Every three years, the MPO must update a long-range transportation plan with at least a 20 year planning horizon. This long-range plan must be financially reasonable and conform to air-quality standards. Significantly, no transportation projects in this region may be funded with federal money unless the projects are found in an approved long-range transportation plan. Additional discussion about an MPO’s planning responsibilities can be found in Section 3.1.1.

The purpose of a long-range transportation plan is to first examine the forecasted trends for the region such as population, employment, housing, and trip making. We then identify the transportation challenges that these trends predict, and propose transportation investments that will mitigate these challenges. Its purpose is to steer our region into the transportation future that will provide the quality of life our citizens desire. The long-range transportation plan provides not only a framework for future decision making, in that all future proposed transportation projects must support the goals of the Plan, but it also lists all of the anticipated short and long term transportation projects. In this respect, the long-range transportation plan is both a policy document and an action document. The goals of the long-range plan will be accomplished through the efforts of the member Departments of Transportation, Transit Authorities, States, Counties and municipalities.

In 1996 we adopted a long-range transportation plan called the 2020 Metropolitan Transportation Plan, Connections to the 21st Century. It was the first plan to be completed for this region after the passage of the federal Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act (ISTEA) and it marked a sharp departure from all previous plans. This plan was revolutionary in that it encouraged transportation choices to improve quality of life. However, we needed to update it for two reasons. First, federal law requires an update every three years. Second, sound transportation and regional planning for the future demands that plans have updated information, be relevant, and be useful.

From the fall of 1998 through 1999, we have sought the active involvement of many groups in our area including: § WILMAPCO’s Public Advisory Committee (PAC), § WILMAPCO’s Technical Advisory Committee (TAC), § Civic groups, environmental groups, business leaders and government officials.

February 23, 2000 WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan 1-1

Chapter 1 1.1 WILMAPCO and the Metropolitan Transportation Plan

As shown in the schedule on page 1-3, this document is the result of many months of effort working to gain a consensus on our transportation plans for the future. Three versions of the 2025 MTP were drafted and reviewed by the public at various stages of development.

We hosted public workshops, meetings, speakers, and focus group discussions (see Appendix E), where questionnaires were distributed and comments solicited. Throughout the process we collected and recorded public comments in Appendix D. The result is our 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan, to be used as a new transportation planning guide as we enter the 21st century.

February 23, 2000 WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan 1-2

Chapter 1 1.2 Schedule

1.2 Schedule

Date Step Product Review 2020 MTP, Accomplishments, 2025 MTP Draft #1 and Dec. 10, 1998 and Results Public Workshop Oct., 1998 – Public Meetings, Presentations and New Issues, Projects, Jan., 1999 Focus Groups Programs, and Actions Feb. 24, 1999 Public Workshop Prioritized Potential Projects Revised Goals and April 7, 1999 Council Retreat Investment Policy Map Develop 2025 MTP Scenarios March – May, 1999 Investment Scenarios including Routes 40 and 301 plans Present Draft #2 to PAC & TAC for June, 1999 2025 MTP Draft #2 review prior to public release

Conduct assessment of MTP scenarios June – August, Technical Assessment for mobility, livability, air quality, 1999 environmental, financial reasonableness Present Draft #3 to PAC, TAC and August, 1999 Council for review of the plan and list of 2025 MTP Draft #3 projects

Final revisions to the list of projects and September, 1999 2025 MTP Draft #3 additional modeling and assessments

PAC and TAC recommend the MTP October, 1999 2025 MTP Draft #3 draft to Council for public review. WILMAPCO Council approves public November 4, 1999 2025 MTP Draft #3 review of the MTP draft. Public Review through Meetings, Nov/Dec, 1999 Presentations, Focus Groups & Public Comments Workshops

December 1999 – Based on comments and technical 2025 MTP Final Draft January 2000 assessment, develop Final MTP

Public Advisory Committee and February 14 and Technical Advisory Committee 2025 MTP Final Draft 17, 2000 recommend Council approval of MTP WILMAPCO Council adopts the 2025 2025 Metropolitan February 23, 2000 Metropolitan Transportation Plan Transportation Plan

February 23, 2000 WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan 1-3

Chapter 2 2.0 Review of the 2020 MTP and New Information

2.0 Review of the 2020 MTP & New Information

We began developing the 2020 MTP in 1993, and over the course of three years, we sought input from hundreds of individuals, civic groups, business leaders, public officials and regional decision makers. This lengthy process was necessary because, for the first time in this region, we were developing a transportation plan that embodied the spirit of ISTEA (Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act). The Plan had to be realistic, financially reasonable, air quality conforming and it had to take transportation planning out of a vacuum and make it link with land use and investment policies, and quality of life issues identified by the people in this region.

Through an extensive visioning process we developed six goals for the 2020 Plan in our region. We then devised five sets of strategies to help us achieve these goals. Within each strategy we identified policies, actions and investments which, when implemented, would help us achieve the goals of our Plan.

Three years later, we reviewed all the elements of the 2020 MTP to see what was working and what was not. After reviewing the goals in 1999, the WILMAPCO Council made some revisions to clarify the meaning and intent of our goals. The goals, with revised text in bold, are as follows:

Goals of the 2025 MTP

1. Better and more predictable planning, with land-use and transportation linked. 2. Sustain a healthy and growing economy that is built on our geographic advantage and the skills of the population. 3. Improved quality of life, emphasizing a sound environment, less congestion, better and more appropriate use of land, instilling a sense of security, and providing opportunities for employment and better education. 4. Enhancement and re-emergence of traditional communities and municipalities as the location of commerce, culture and mixed-use housing for the area. 5. Improved mobility, accessibility, and transportation alternatives to provide for efficient movement of people and goods. 6. Achieve more effective intergovernmental coordination, at the federal, regional, state, and local levels, and better public/private communication and understanding on issues of development and transportation.

We then turned our attention to the strategies in the 2020 MTP to determine how effective they had been to date. Many projects were still in the study phase or were only recently implemented and their effect could not yet be measured. There were, however, some results

February 23, 2000 WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan 2-1 Chapter 2 2.1 Effectiveness that were evident, scarcely three years into the 2020 MTP. An extensive evaluation of the effectiveness of our 2020 MTP and our accomplishments can be found in the section entitled Supplemental Information. The five strategies were deemed still valid as the means for achieving our goals. They are:

Strategies of the MTP

1. Linking Land Use and Transportation, by clearly identifying Transportation Investment Areas and promoting Community Design Criteria. 2. Protecting Our Natural and Historic Resources, through Greenways, Bikeways and preserving our unique and valuable ecosystem. 3. Improving Mobility, by encouraging multi-modal travel options, helping to connect major population and employment centers. 4. Managing Our Transportation System, by maintaining the existing transportation system, improving efficiency through use of technology and promoting new travel patterns for our communities. 5. Improving Commerce, with improvements to the movement of goods through our ports, rail lines and highways, promoting tourism and assisting local and business travelers to get around.

We did, however, need to revisit the trends and projections identified in the 2020 MTP, since significant changes to either would indicate a need to modify the assumptions we used while devising the Plan. The following chapter provides a summary of the effectiveness of the 2020 MTP, lists accomplishments, and notes the significant findings and changes in the trends and projections which needed to be addressed as we developed our 2025 MTP. A thorough discussion of the trends and projections can also be found in the Supplemental Information section following Chapter 4.

2.1 Effectiveness

The 2020 MTP called for more than 750 actions, policies and investments to be implemented by the year 2020 in order to achieve our goals. Of these, over 400 have entered the planning stage, been started or implemented. It was clear, however, that it was too soon to measure their long- term impact. The following table highlights major statistical changes over the last several years that told us if we were headed in a direction that would help us meet our goals or if we were losing ground.

February 23, 2000 WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan 2-2 Chapter 2 2.1 Effectiveness

Table 2-1 Effectiveness Review Data Summary (Base Year data from 1993 studies, unless otherwise noted)

Base Year 1998 Trend

Expansion Funding as % of Total Funding1 62% 34% i 28% Percent of Roadways Congested During 6.0% 7.5% h 1.5% Peak Periods

Vehicle Miles of Travel / Day 10,820,000 17,690,000 h63% Vehicle Hours of Travel / Day 306,110 437,570 h 42% Total Trips /Day 1,458,000 1,786,620 h56%

Average Trip Length (Miles) 7.42 8.33 h12%

Average Travel Speed (Miles/Hour) 35.30 34.71 i2% Auto Accidents/Year 12,646 15,504 h23% Roadway Fatalities/Year 49 79 h61% Drive Alone Mode Share 67% 70% h3% Transit Ridership 2 6,004,000 8,085,933 h35%

Volatile Organic Compounds (Tons per Day) 31.29 25.63 i18%

Nitrogen Oxides (Tons per Day) 36.26 37.58 h3% 1 Base year data from 1995 studies 2 DART, DAST, SEPTA R-2, UNICITY, AMTRAK, MARC, and “The Bus” (Cecil County Dept. of Aging) Source: DelDOT, MDOT, DNREC, MDE

As we saw in the development of the 2020 MTP, the trends continued to show more and longer daily trips, more accidents, more fatalities, and a higher percentage of people driving alone. However, we did make some gains by increasing transit ridership.

The cornerstone of our 2020 MTP was to shift 10% of all future trips to some other mode than driving alone. Increases in the amount and quality of transit services translated into substantial increases in both DART and SEPTA ridership. Unfortunately, the increased numbers of trips made on transit, or any other non-drive alone mode, did not outpace the increase in auto trips being made. We need to continue to invest in our transit system and redouble our efforts to promote other modes of travel by ensuring that multi-modal options are provided for all facilities that are being planned or constructed.

The decreased share of capital investment for new expansion projects, from 62% in 1995 to 34% in 1998, reflected our growing need to maintain and improve our existing infrastructure.

February 23, 2000 WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan 2-3 Chapter 2 2.2 Projections

Managing our current system to enhance its efficiency is the optimal use of limited funds. By utilizing Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) we were able to move traffic through the region more efficiently. Computerized traffic signals on Kirkwood Highway and downtown Newark, for instance, greatly enhanced traffic movement in these congested areas. Other ITS initiatives in the works, such as Internet access to travel information, can also work to optimize travelers’ options. Maintaining and upgrading our aging roadways and bridges will enhance traveler safety as will the increased use of rapid response teams to assist disabled vehicles and clear accident scenes.

2.2 Projections

By projecting our trends out to 2025, and assuming that no new transportation facilities beyond those already programmed in the FY2000-2002 TIP will be constructed, we saw an increase in sprawl, traffic, and congestion and the attendant worsening of our quality of life. These are the predictors of things to come unless we are successful in mitigating or changing the trends.

The following table summarizes the trends that were projected for the year 2025.

Table 2-2 Forecasted Data Summary Without 2025 Plan (Figures are region-wide unless otherwise noted) 1998 2025 Trend Trend Population 561,208 644,405 h15% Population in Southern New Castle 25,368 48,217 h90% County Employment 299,047 359,076 h20%

Households 227,458 291,382 h28%

Average Age of Population 34.8 38.9 h12% Percent of Roadways Congested 7.5% 22.5% h15% During Peak Periods Vehicle Miles of Travel / Day 17,690,000 24,740,000 h40%

Vehicle Hours of Travel / Day 437,570 653,640 h49%

Total Trips /Day 1,786,620 2,314,274 h30%

Average Trip Length (Miles) 8.33 9.14 h10%

Average Travel Speed (Miles/Hour 34.71 32.55 i6% Source: DelDOT, MDOT, Delaware Population Consortium

These forecasted trends pointed to a rapidly increasing population in New Castle County below the Chesapeake and Delaware Canal, increased congestion, longer trips, and slower speeds.

February 23, 2000 WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan 2-4 Chapter 2 2.2 Projections

Perhaps the most significant change since the 2020 MTP was a major shift in where projected population growth would occur in the next 20 to 25 years. Our 2020 MTP predicted the area south of the C & D Canal to grow by about 83 percent, from approximately 18,000 to 33,000 by 2020. New projections showed the southern New Castle County population increasing to 48,000 or even as much as 70,000 in some scenarios. If this increased population chose to live in low density housing, it would lead to even higher single occupant vehicle travel, since low densities do not support transit and other modes. Transportation investments made in this area had to be considered carefully so as to provide mobility, but not encourage continuing sprawl.

The 2020 MTP presented a Transportation Investment Area (TIA) map, which identified what kinds of transportation investments would be made in different parts of our region. The three levels of investment were Expansion, Management and Preservation. Since the adoption of the MTP, there were significant policy changes that necessitated revisions to the map. Both states re-examined their growth strategies; Maryland with its Smart Growth legislation and Delaware with its Strategies for State Policies and Spending Map. New Castle County adopted their Unified Development Code, which contains new zoning categories and sewer service areas. The Route 301 Major Investment Study (MIS) was nearing completion and contained new demographic information and investments that needed to be reflected. The results of the Route 40 Corridor Study might also result in changes. The outcome of initiatives undertaken by the Delaware Economic Development Office (DEDO) might impact the transportation investment levels required in different parts of the region. All of these factors needed to be considered and resolved in this 2025 MTP update process.

Another significant demographic change to consider as we planned our future transportation system was that the population will be aging. Many of us who currently rely on our cars for transportation may find that we are no longer able, or may not wish, to drive alone in the future. Safe, convenient and reliable alternative forms of transportation need to be available.

We discovered that the design of transportation facilities, especially in linking them to surrounding land uses, is critical to achieving our goals. Driven by the States’ policies of investing in existing communities, we found that cities, towns and municipalities presented the best opportunities for linking transportation and land use. By adopting mobility friendly design standards (such as in Middletown, DE and Chesapeake City, MD), implementing traffic calming and encouraging mixed use development, these existing communities, or centers, could revitalize their roles in the region as places where people want to live and work. Economic development and tourism had been enhanced by intermodal transportation projects such as those in the City of Wilmington, particularly the waterfront area, which allowed ease of access for visitors and commuters alike. Similar efforts were being undertaken in other communities in the region such as the City of New Castle and the towns of Delaware City in Delaware and Port Deposit in Maryland.

Clearly we are presented with continuing challenges if we are to reverse the trends that have lead us away from our goals for the region. In Chapters 3 and 4, we will go through an assessment of what policies, investments, and governmental actions can most effectively change these trends and help our region achieve a better future.

February 23, 2000 WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan 2-5 Chapter 2 2.3 Public Participation

2.3 Public Participation

The most significant of the trends we face is an expanding pattern of auto-dependent development, leading to increased automobile travel, traffic congestion, and worsening quality of life in our communities. In keeping with the regulations of the Transportation Equity Act for the 21st Century ( TEA21), we sought your ideas as we updated our Plan to our transportation issues. We accomplished this through several methods:

Community and Civic Presentations From September 1998 to February 2000, WILMAPCO spoke at over 60 meetings to local civic and community groups, city, town and county representatives, transportation professionals and interested citizens. A summary of our 2020 MTP Plan was presented, along with the challenges we are now facing and the goals we hope to achieve. People in attendance were then asked to provide their comments and suggestions for new policies, projects or programs we could revise or implement to improve our transportation system.

MTP Events WILMAPCO hosted three MTP events, designed to introduce new concepts and alternatives to the public, while summarizing the progress of our 2025 Update. Over 230 people, including government officials, transportation providers, business leaders and citizens, attended these events held in 1998 and 1999. Elements of the MTP were presented and discussed, allowing time for feedback and suggestions. A comment sheet was provided that could be returned to us at a later date. Many of the suggestions gathered at these events were incorporated into our final MTP.

Committee Presentations An update of the MTP Process was provided to our Public Advisory Committee and Technical Advisory Committee during their monthly meetings. During these meetings, we reviewed the suggestions received, prioritized the projects, discussed the assumptions behind the forecasted trends and demographic predictions and outlined our proposals. Once these elements had been agreed upon, a progress report was made to the WILMAPCO Council during their bimonthly meetings. These meetings were publicized in our newsletter and were open to the public.

Publications To help illustrate our Plan, WILMAPCO developed several publications that were distributed at our events, sent to public libraries and available through government offices.

An eight-page booklet was created that listed our vision, progress, results and challenges in creating an effective transportation plan for our region. Three drafts of the Plan were released during the 15-month public process. Each release incorporated suggestions received during the prior months. A comment sheet, attached to each document, was provided that could be removed and submitted (frequently as a postage paid self-mailer). Additional information was distributed through our newsletter, press releases and our website.

February 23, 2000 WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan 2-6 Chapter 2 2.4 Continuing Challenges

As a result of theses activities, we were able to get our message out to many people in the region. We spoke at over 60 events, which were attended by over 1600 people. This final document took into account over 400 comments made by interested citizens and professionals.

2.4 Continuing Challenges

The previous sections described some of the land use and transportation trends of the last several years and projected for the future. Many of these trends present challenges to the residents, employers, and governments of this region. The 2025 MTP is an opportunity to lay out the actions needed to address these challenges and improve rather than degrade our quality of life in the future.

We have listed below a number of challenges that were identified during our public outreach period, beginning in September of 1998.

Linking Land Use and Transportation Ø Making land use development and transportation investment decisions concurrently. Ø Improving the quality of life in our communities. Ø Making community streets safer for all people.

Protecting Our Natural Resources Ø Improving air quality to meet Federal health standards. Ø Preserving farmland and open spaces to improve our quality of life. Ø Linking walkways across highly developed regions. Ø Preserving historic and scenic resources.

Improving Mobility Ø Reducing growth in traffic while maintaining a healthy economy. Ø Limiting congestion, currently projected to triple by 2025. Ø Providing travel choices to the growing areas of our region to accommodate the 25% of us who will be over 65 years old or under 18 in 2020.

Managing Our Transportation System Ø Keeping the transportation system in working order while building for the future. Ø Locating and assisting accidents quickly, to save lives and restore traffic flow. Ø Improving existing roads without seriously inconveniencing travelers.

Improving Commerce Ø Supporting existing businesses with appropriate transportation facilities. Ø Identifying and redeveloping under-utilized commercial sites and brownfields. Ø Attracting new businesses and industries to the region. Ø Developing transportation enhancements to increase tourism.

We have sought to address these challenges in this MTP using the best policy analysis tools at our disposal and the suggestions received from the public, business groups, and member governments.

February 23, 2000 WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan 2-7 Chapter 3 3.1 Plan Development

3.0 Plan Development & Assessment

In this chapter, we describe the methodology used to develop the 2025 Plan and provide an assessment of the plan as it relates to our goals and various performance measures.

3.1 Plan Development

This section describes the federal requirements for developing a long-range transportation plan and the methodology used to develop the 2025 MTP.

3.1.1 Background

Federal transportation legislation requires that each designated urbanized area have a metropolitan planning organization (MPO) to develop a Long Range Transportation Plan (LRTP), a Unified Planning Work Program (UPWP), and a Transportation Improvement Program (TIP) for the region. WILMAPCO is the MPO for the Wilmington Urbanized Area which includes New Castle and Cecil Counties as designated by the Governors of Delaware and Maryland. The purpose of an MPO is to provide local governments and the public an opportunity to participate in the decision-making process for major transportation investments in the region.

The regional transportation plan must be developed cooperatively with the local governments, transportation agencies, and the public. The LRTP reflects the transportation goals, policies and investments planned in the region. It must plan for at least 20 years and be updated every three years.

The Plan is implemented through subsequent UPWPs and TIPs by WILMAPCO and our member agencies: the Departments of Transportation, Transit Authorities, States, Counties and municipalities. The UPWP identifies the planning activities undertaken annually in the region by all member agencies. The TIP is the three-year funding program for transportation projects and services. The TIP must be financially constrained while the LRTP must be financially reasonable. Both the LRTP and TIP must be air quality conforming.

3.1.2 Review of the Elements of the 2020 MTP

The development of the 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan (MTP) began in the fall of 1998. As discussed in Section 2.0, we began this process by reviewing the elements of the 2020 MTP: 1. Goals 2. Growth assumptions 3. Strategies and policies 4. Actions 5. Major project investments

February 23, 2000 WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan 3-1 Chapter 3 3.1 Plan Development

This review identified the continuing challenges for the region listed in Section 2.4. In addition, several key changes in governmental policy have been initiated since 1996 that affected this 2025 MTP. The major changes are: · Adoption of Smart Growth initiatives and legislation and DRAFT Priority Funding Areas Map in Maryland (Figure 3-1), · Adoption of a Comprehensive Plan Update and Unified Development Code by New Castle County, · Economic development initiatives in Delaware to possibly bring major employers to southern New Castle County, and · Adoption of Delaware Strategies for State Policies and Spending Map (Figure 3-2).

Figure 3-1 Draft Cecil County Priority Funding Areas Map

February 23, 2000 WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan 3-2 Chapter 3 3.1 Plan Development

Figure 3-2 Delaware Strategies for State Policies and Spending Map

The continuing challenges that we still face as a region, and the changes in State and County policies, initiatives, and laws, further justified the need to update the MTP. At the same time, it was decided to extend it to the year 2025 so that future TIPs are consistent with a 20 year plan.

During the fall of 1998, we heard from the public that our goals, strategies, policies, actions and investments were on the right track, but could be implemented better. We also heard from New Castle County that we needed to update the demographic forecasts for the location of growth and that we should place more emphasis on addressing congestion in the northern part of the County while preparing for more growth in the southern portion.

February 23, 2000 WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan 3-3 Chapter 3 3.1 Plan Development

3.1.3 Revising Goals and Assumptions

In April 1999, the WILMAPCO Council met to begin the process of updating the plan based on the information developed and comments received. The goals were revised as shown in bold.

Goals of the 2025 MTP

1. Better and more predictable planning, with land-use and transportation linked. 2. Sustain a healthy and growing economy that is built on our geographic advantage and the skills of the population. 3. Improved quality of life, emphasizing a sound environment, less congestion, better and more appropriate use of land, instilling a sense of security, and providing opportunities for employment and better education. 4. Enhancement and re-emergence of traditional communities and municipalities as the location of commerce, culture and mixed-use housing for the area. 5. Improved mobility, accessibility, and transportation alternatives to provide for efficient movement of people and goods. 6. Achieve more effective intergovernmental coordination, at the federal, regional, state, and local levels, and better public/private communication and understanding on issues of development and transportation.

Over the winter of 1998, we worked with member agencies to develop new demographic forecasts. These forecasts were adopted in May, 1999, and reflected a continued shift in future growth from the north to south of the canal in New Castle County. In 1996, it was projected that by 2020 there would be 33,000 residents and 6,000 jobs in southern New Castle County. The trend projections in 1999 estimated that by 2025 there would be 48,000 people and 6,000 jobs in the same area(see Appendix H). This significant increase in growth is consistent with the development applications that New Castle County has received in the area.

As New Castle County was developing their sewer service plan for southern New Castle County, it became apparent that the MTP should consider the real possibility that there would be more than the trend forecast of growth in the area. Therefore, we tested 2025 demographic scenarios that included 60,000 or 70,000 people and 15,000 or 16,000 employees, in addition to the trend scenario (see Appendices G and H). As a result of these possible growth scenarios, changes were made to the transportation investment area maps relating transportation investment policy to land use. In the analysis section (Section 3.1.5), the various alternative plan demographic and transportation investment scenarios are discussed in more detail.

3.1.4 Strategies, Policies, Actions, and Project Investments

During the fall of 1998 through the winter of 1999, two public meetings and numerous presentations were held to gather advice and ideas from the public (see Appendix E). In

February 23, 2000 WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan 3-4 Chapter 3 3.1 Plan Development

addition, the staff contributed ideas to the process as a result of their review of the 2020 MTP. Out of these suggestions, a number of changes were made to the MTP.

Changes to the MTP included revising the Preserving Natural Resources strategy to include historic resources, and adding more policies to reflect the role transportation projects have on these resources. Other changes strengthened the connection between the Regional Congestion Management System and the strategies to improve mobility and better manage the transportation system. The role that transportation investment plays in supporting economic development is also more explicitly defined in this plan.

The list of potential project investments for the next 25 years was also reviewed by the public and WILMAPCO advisory committees. From public comments, review, and discussion by member agencies, a revised list of projects was developed for this 25-year plan which meets financial reasonableness and air quality conformity tests.

The revised goals, strategies, policies, actions, and major transportation investments make up the 2025 MTP and are presented in Chapter 4.

3.1.5 Scenario Analysis

To develop the final growth and investment scenario, we worked with the public and our Council members to develop four scenarios that reflect the range of public policy and investment choices which were under consideration for the region. Each scenario varied in at least one of three major ways: in the location of future growth, the specific transportation investments, and the transportation investment area map reflecting the linkage of land use and transportation. Scenarios 1 and 2 reflect trend population and employment projections adopted by WILMAPCO Council in May 1999. Scenarios 3 and 4 reflect a much more dispersed growth pattern in New Castle County with population and employment growth shifted from primarily the US 40 corridor to south of the Canal. (For more details about the scenarios and the assessment process, see Appendix G) In summary, the major differences between the four scenarios were:

Table 3-1 MTP Analysis Scenario Summary

Scenario Measure 1 2 3 4 2025 Population in SNCC 48,200 48,200 60,000 70,000 2025 Employment in SNCC 5,600 5,600 15,000 16,000 New Express Bus P P New Local Bus P P P Rail to Perryville P Rail to Dover P P Rt. 301 New Capacity P P P Rt. 40 New Capacity P P Other Roadway Widenings P P P

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3.1.6 Draft 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan

The technical analysis and public comments were reviewed by the WILMAPCO member agencies and resulted in agreement on a preferred MTP scenario. The Final 2025 MTP scenario demographic projections more closely match scenarios 3 and 4 with 60,000 people and 16,000 jobs projected for Southern New Castle County by 2025. (See figure 3-3, 3-4)

Figure 3-3 2025 MTP Population Densities

Figure 3-4 2025 MTP Employment Densities

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One of the purposes of this analysis was to match the planned transportation investments with the forecasted location of population and employment. Particularly for employment, there was a concerted effort to make sure that the transportation projects were supporting economic development efforts in the region. The linking of transportation investment with population and employment forecasts, economic development plans, county zoning, and state investment plans is reflected in our Transportation Investment Area (TIA) Map (See Figure 3-5) and in the strategies, policies, actions, and investments of the 2025 MTP.

Figure 3-5 2025 MTP Transportation Investment Area Policy Map

The MTP is a plan for investing in a balanced transportation system. It reflects the combined plans and investment strategies of the two States, both Counties, and the member municipalities. In particular, the boundaries of the investment areas follow the Comprehensive Plans and zoning codes of both Counties as well as the Smart Growth areas in Maryland and the Shaping Delaware’s Future Investment Strategy Map. The Delaware portion focuses primarily on the existing communities north of the canal while recognizing the need to plan for additional growth in southern New Castle County. The details of the MTP, including planned investments, are further described in Chapter 4. An assessment of the MTP follows in Section 3.2.

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3.2 2025 MTP Assessment

This section assesses the MTP against a set of criteria that include performance measures related to our goals for the region. The performance measures used in this evaluation are as follows:

3.2.1. Meeting the Goals of the 2025 MTP 3.2.2. Land Use and Transportation Planning Assessment 3.2.3. Mobility/Accessibility Assessment 3.2.4. Livability Assessment 3.2.5. Environmental Preservation Assessment 3.2.6. Air Quality Conformity Assessment 3.2.7. Cost and Financial Reasonableness Assessment 3.2.8. Assessment Summary

Section 3.2.9 summarizes the results of this evaluation. A similar evaluation was conducted for the each of the four scenarios and is included as Appendix G.

3.2.1 Meeting the Goals of the 2025 MTP

The first evaluation measured whether the 2025 MTP meets the six goals of our region.

Table 3-2 Goals Assessment

Goals MTP Better and more predictable planning, with land-use and transportation linked. Yes Sustain a healthy and growing economy that is built on our geographic advantage and the skills of the population Yes Improved quality of life, emphasizing a sound environment, less congestion, better and more appropriate use of land, instilling a sense of security, and providing opportunities for Yes employment and better education. Enhancement and re-emergence of traditional communities and municipalities as the location of commerce, culture and mixed-use housing for the area. Yes Improved mobility, accessibility, and transportation alternatives to provide for efficient movement of people and goods. Yes Achieve more effective intergovernmental coordination, at the federal, regional, state, and local levels, and better public/private communication and understanding on issues of Yes development and transportation

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3.2.2 Land Use and Transportation Planning Assessment

The land use and transportation planning assessment focuses particularly on how well the MTP exhibits sensible land use and transportation planning practices. These concepts were developed in the 2020 MTP and included in this MTP.

Table 3-3 Planning Concept Assessment Land Use and Transportation Planning Concepts MTP Concentrate development in existing communities and designated growth areas. Yes Protect sensitive areas - streams, floodplains, wetlands, steep slopes, and forests. Yes In rural areas, direct growth to existing population centers. Protect designated resource areas, especially agriculture. Some Protect the Chesapeake Bay, Delaware River, and tributaries as part of a universal ethic. Yes Conserve resources and reduce consumption of non-renewable resources, including land. Some Achieve these objectives in a manner consistent with economic development and regulatory streamlining. Yes Develop land use and transportation objectives in concert with each other and make transportation investments consistent with land use, environmental, and economic Yes development objectives. Connect the two counties by an intermodal system that moves people and goods efficiently by land, water, and air transportation. This system should focus on traditional Yes towns and cities. Connect the region to adjoining areas through strategic extensions of, and services on, the region’s intermodal system. No Apply a management and maintenance-first policy to all modes. Yes Develop and implement plans consistent with fiscal and environmental responsibilities. Make funding equitable across the modes. Yes

3.2.3 Mobility/Accessibility Assessment

The mobility and accessibility assessment measures the availability of all transportation modes and the ease with which people and goods travel on the transportation system. Mobility refers to the travel time or speeds at which individuals move about. Accessibility refers to the relative availability of transportation alternatives and proximity of such choices to residential, commercial, cultural and employment opportunities.

Four performance measures were used to test the mobility/accessibility of transportation system improvements: · transportation modes available; · roadway congestion; · travel time, or average travel speed; and, · convenience, or geographical coverage of travel modes.

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These performance measures told us how well the MTP would achieve the following regional goals:

Ø Better and more predictable planning, with land-use and transportation linked. Ø Improved quality of life, emphasizing a sound environment, less congestion, better and more appropriate use of land, instilling a sense of security, and providing opportunities for employment and better education. Ø Improved mobility, accessibility, and transportation alternatives to provide efficient movement of people and goods.

Transportation Modes Available With the implementation of this MTP’s policies and investments comes an increase in the availability of transportation modes. This is recognized in the identification of the transportation investment areas and other policies committed to increasing the availability of all transportation modes in appropriate areas. The major expansion investments of the MTP include a doubling of bus services and expansion of the commuter rail system. The management investments include greenways, sidewalks, bike routes, and transit amenities. The emissions reduction strategies that help the region reach air quality conformity also document the commitment to expand transportation options (see 3.2.6). Individual policies and actions are described in detail in Chapter 4.

Roadway Congestion Adding highway capacity alone, only temporarily relieves congestion; we must also provide more travel choices. The following two figures were developed from the travel demand models of the Maryland and Delaware Departments of Transportation. The 1999 Congestion Management System Report Map (Figure 3-6) illustrates the location of congested links. A link is a roadway section from intersection to intersection so one roadway may have numerous links. A congested link is one operating at level of service E or F. Level of service (LOS) is defined as the peak hour traffic volume divided by the theoretical capacity. Level of service E occurs when peak hour traffic flows fill 93 to 100% of the available roadway capacity. Level of service F occurs when peak hour traffic flows exceed roadway capacity. This map is a major element in the monitoring of congestion.

The 1999 Congestion Management System map shows 49 roadway links operating at level of service E and 170 operating at LOS F.

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Figure 3-6 1999 Congestion Management System Report Map

Figure 3-7 2025 Congestion Map

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In WILMAPCO’s Congestion Management System (CMS), congestion is tracked annually. Adopted in 1997 in accordance with federal legislation, the CMS requires that any highway expansion project be identified in the CMS and that all potential improvements be examined before providing additional roadway capacity. Other potential improvements include transit services, bicycle investments, pedestrian improvements, transportation demand management, intelligent transportation systems, and land use changes.

Figures 3-5 and 3-6 point to the need to expand highway capacity and provide additional travel options in the area basically defined by the Community Transportation Investment Area of this MTP. However, it is important to note that congestion is not always a negative measure of quality of life. It is also a measure of economic activity. If all roadways were built to never experience level of service E or F during peak hour then there would be enormous unused capacity at all other times. Level of service E, or even F, at peak hour is sometimes an acceptable trade off in order not to waste valuable resources, both financial and natural, on massive capacity increasing highway projects. Obviously, chronically and severely congested roadways must be addressed, but not every congested roadway requires expansion. Note that the congested locations in 1999 are concentrated around the major employment and retail areas of the region: Wilmington, Churchmans Crossing, Newark, Pike Creek and Bear in New Castle County and Elkton, Perryville and North East in Cecil County.

The 2025 MTP addresses congestion by investing in the expansion of highway, transit, bike route, sidewalk, intelligent transportation system, and transportation demand management efforts. The result of these investments, totaling more than $1.3 billion, does not, however, keep up with the increasing amount of driving within our region.

Even when nearly 300 lane miles of highway capacity are added to the roadway system over the next 25 years, congestion continues to increase. This is largely a function of population and employment growth patterns in our region and the increasing driving rate.

Figure 3-8 Congestion Assessment (% of lane miles at LOS E and F)

30 22.5 20 14.6 7.5 6 10

0 1993 1998 2025 Trend 2025 Plan

Source: Del DOT, MDOT, 1999

If we cannot solve the congestion problem only by adding more roadway capacity, then it is important to examine congestion in the context of quality of life in our region. Congestion is just one of many quality of life factors. People and employers will continue to be attracted to our region if it is safe, if the schools are good, if there are good jobs, and if quality public investments are made. Transportation investments must also be quality investments, not just trying to tackle peak hour congestion, but providing travel options and improving the community.

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Travel Speed Along with increasing congestion, come decreases in travel speeds. The trends are shown below in Figure 3-9 Figure 3-9 Travel Speed Trends (in miles per hour)

40

35.55 32.55 34.71 34.08 35

30

25 1993 1998 2025 Trend 2025 Plan

Source: Del DOT, MDOT, 1999

Convenience/Geographical Coverage of Travel Modes The accessibility, availability, and convenience of alternative travel modes will facilitate the management of our transportation system. For example, the more we rely on the use of alternative modes, the less we will be forced to add highway capacity. The MTP increases the geographic coverage of alternative modes of transportation by adopting a policy of including all modes in projects in the Center and Community investment areas and investing in as many modes as practical in the Developing investment area.

3.2.4 Livability Assessment

Livability addresses changes in land use and transportation design to improve quality of life. This performance indicator, more than any other, deals with the human element on an individual level. It specifically addresses the importance of qualities typically associated with livable commhnities such as safety, aesthetics, convenience, and reduced traffic conflicts. For a local or neighborhood street environment to be livable, traffic operations need to be calmed to reduce speed and volume. Increased or equal priority must also be afforded to pedestrians, transit and bicyclists within the street environment. Four performance measures are used to assess the livability of transportation system improvements: · less traffic, or vehicle miles of travel; · shorter travel times, or vehicle hours of travel; · improved bicycle and pedestrian facilities and options; and, · safety. These livability performance measures tell us how well the MTP will achieve the following regional goals:

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Ø Improved quality of life, emphasizing a sound environment, less congestion, better and more appropriate use of land, instilling a sense of security, and providing opportunities for employment and better education. Ø Improved mobility, accessibility, and transportation alternatives to provide for efficient movement of people and goods.

Vehicle Miles of Travel The trend in vehicle miles of travel (VMT) is progressing upward very quickly. VMT has increased from about 11 million miles per day in 1993 to almost 18 million miles in 1998 to a projected 25 million miles in 2025 (Figure 3-10). This rate of increase is about four times the increase in population growth. Although sheer growth contributes to this rapid increase, it is also the location of this growth at the edges of our region that translates to longer trip lengths and more miles driven by our residents. Figure 3-10 Vehicle Miles of Travel Trends

30 24.7 25.2 17.7 20

10.8 10

0 1993 1998 2025 Trend 2025 Plan

Source: Del DOT, MDOT, 1999

Vehicle Hours of Travel The time that we spend driving on the roads in this region is increasing right along with VMT. The trend is depicted in Figure 3-11 and shows almost a 46 percent increase in vehicle hours of travel in the next 25 years. Figure 3-11 Vehicle Hours of Travel Trends

800 653.64 637.64 600 437 400 306 200

0 1993 1998 2025 Trend 2025 Plan

Source: Del DOT, MDOT, 1999

Bicycle and Pedestrian Facilities The MTP reinforces the efforts of both States to consider the needs of bicyclists and pedestrians in all proposed transportation improvements. Bike routes, greenways, and sidewalks are all a part of the plan in an effort to improve community quality of life by providing more choices to residents.

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Safety The MTP views safety as one of the primary objectives of transportation investments. WILMAPCO monitors safety statistics through the Annual Effectiveness Review (included as a Supplement). The safety statistics are summarized below.

Safety is paramount in the minds of most travelers, be they drivers, passengers, bicyclists or pedestrians. Today, more drivers are making more trips and longer trips. This puts them, and the bicyclists and pedestrians who must share the roads, at greater risk, by increasing the probability of an accident. Faster speeds are especially hazardous to pedestrians, whose chances of surviving a crash plunge from 95 percent, when struck by a vehicle going 20 mph, to only 15 percent, if that vehicle is going 40 mph.

Figure 3-12

Auto Accident Trends in the WILMAPCO Region

20000 100 Fatal Accidents 16000 80 Total Auto 12000 60 Accidents

8000 40 Fatal Accidents 4000 20

Total Auto Accidents 0 0 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997

Figure 3-13

Bicycle & Pedestrian Accidents in the WILMAPCO Region

460 60 440 50 Total 420 40 Bike/Ped 400 30 Accidents 380 20 360 10 Fatal Bike/Ped Fatal Accidents Total Accidents 340 0 Accidents 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997

Source: Traffic Control Section of DE State Police, MDOT, 1998

Ø Between 1993 and 1997, the total number of automobile accidents has averaged 14,500, with a slightly increasing trend. Ø Between 1993 and 1997, 11 percent of all bicycle and pedestrian accidents have been fatal. Ø Since 1993, the number of pedestrian and bicycle related accidents has increased 5 percent.

Completion of the planned sidewalk and bikeway projects will provide a safer environment for our pedestrians and bicyclists. All new transportation projects now being planned will include

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provisions for pedestrians and bicyclists, as well as an examination of vehicle safety. This should lead to a decrease in the number of conflicts currently experienced between them and the vehicles sharing our roads.

3.2.5 Environmental Preservation Assessment

Environmental Preservation addresses the issue of conserving and protecting natural resources. Environmental Preservation performance indicators are designed to measure the environmental consequences of transportation investments and gauge the extent to which development of transportation systems supports land use objectives.

One performance measure is used to assess the environmental sensitivity of transportation system improvements: · preservation of natural and historic resources and mitigation of the effects of land use and transportation on these resources.

These Environmental Preservation performance measures tell us how well the MTP will achieve the following regional goals:

Ø Improved quality of life, emphasizing a sound environment, less congestion, better and more appropriate use of land, instilling a sense of security, and providing opportunities for employment and better education. Ø Enhancement and re-emergence of traditional communities and municipalities as the location of commerce, culture and mixed-use housing for the area.

Natural and Historic Resource Preservation The MTP includes policies consistent with the National Environmental Protection Act to preserve natural and historic resources whenever possible. If it is not possible, transportation projects are required to minimize or mitigate impacts. Farmland and open space are environmental resources we can help preserve by linking land use and transportation. As of 1997, there are 28,200 acres of farmland in farmland preservation programs out of 163,000 total acres of farmland region-wide.

3.2.6 Air Quality Conformity Assessment

In an attempt to reduce harmful emissions nationwide, the Clean Air Act and Amendments (CAAA) of 1990 designated certain metropolitan areas with a non-attainment status for various air pollutants, from marginal to extreme. The WILMAPCO region is within the severe non- attainment area for ground-level ozone. An attainment plan to achieve the National Ambient Air Quality Standard for ozone by 2005 is required by the Clean Air Act.

The harmful emissions targeted for the WILMAPCO region are the two major ozone precursors, Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) and Nitrogen Oxides (NOx). While naturally produced ozone in the upper atmosphere protects life on earth by filtering out ultraviolet radiation from the sun, ozone at ground level is a noxious pollutant. Ground level ozone is the major component of smog and can damage lung tissue, aggravate respiratory disease, and make people more susceptible to respiratory infections. One of the most common ways this harmful pollutant is created is through automobile emissions. Both hydrocarbons – or Volatile Organic Compounds

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(VOC) – and Nitrogen Oxides (NOx) are the result of “imperfect” combustion within a vehicle’s engine. VOC and NOx emissions, when combined with sunlight form ground-level ozone.

The problem currently facing the WILMAPCO region is that if the current and projected Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) and Nitrogen Oxide (NOx) emissions are not reduced to acceptable levels for designated horizon years, our region could lose significant Federal transportation funding. The good news is that automobile manufactures and gasoline providers have been under close watch by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), and as a result, have given us cleaner running automobiles and cleaner burning fuels. The combination of cleaner cars and fuels has resulted in a significant reduction in harmful emissions generated by automobiles. The bad news is that the total amount of vehicular travel, or vehicle miles of travel (VMT), has been increasing steadily since the 1950’s with no indication of slowing. Cleaner cars and fuels can only help reduce emissions to an extent. Longer, more frequent automobile trips and more congested roadways, resulting from a more spread-out population, will contribute to both an increase in VMT and, eventually, an increase in overall emissions (see Figure 3-14).

Figure 3-14

(Source: US EPA, 1998)

Between 1998 and 2025, the WILMAPCO regional VMT is expected to increase almost 30% to 25 million miles per day. At the same time, the number of peak-period congested links in the region is also expected to more than double from 7.5% of road segments to 14.6% by 2025. These projected increases in travel and congestion, coupled with cars and fuels that have gotten about as clean as possible, means that a new approach must be taken if we want to maintain air quality conformity.

The realization that trends are not shifting in the direction we had hoped for in 1996 together with a more stringent examination by State and Federal environmental agencies has prompted us to re-examine our strategy for maintaining regional air quality conformity into the future. Rather than simply describing the problem and providing a broad solution, we have developed a more detailed analysis of the investments and policies needed to maintain regional air quality conformity.

Cecil County Both NOx and VOC emissions were tested in Cecil County for 2002, 2005, 2015, and 2025 against the Phase II plan budgets. For all four years the tested, NOx and VOC emissions were below the applicable budgets. Table 3-4 summarizes Cecil County’s conformity:

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Table 3-4 Cecil County Emissions Summary VOC (tons/day) NOx (tons/day) MTP MTP Budget Budget Emissions Emissions 2002 3.5 2.7 6.9 6.3 2005 3.1 2.5 6.9 5.8 2015 3.1 2.4 6.9 5.1 2025 3.1 2.7 6.9 6.0 Source: MDE, MDOT, 1999

New Castle County Both NOx and VOC emissions were tested in New Castle County for 2005, 2015, and 2025 against the 1999 Rate of Progress Plan (RPP) Budget (the most recent budget of record). For VOC emissions, New Castle County is below the 1999 emissions budget for all tested years. However, for NOx, New Castle County exceeds the applicable budget in 2025 by 2.21 tons/day. Table 3-5a summarizes New Castle County’s emission status:

Table 3-5a New Castle County Emissions Summary (No TIER 2)

VOC (tons/day) NOx (tons/day) 1999 MTP 1999 MTP Budget Emissions Budget Emissions

2005 22.49 14.80 28.51 26.38 2015 22.49 14.96 28.51 27.59

2025 22.49 16.56 28.51 31.18

Source: DNREC, DelDOT, 1999

In an attempt to address this 2.21 tons/day NOx budget overage in 2025, reductions from the next phase of cleaner cars and light trucks, known as Tier 2, were implemented into the emissions modeling process. While the Tier 2 initiative won’t take effect until 2004, its effects will be felt well out into the future as the fleet of vehicles on the road turns over during the next 8 to 10 years. With assistance from EPA, the Tier 2 emission reductions were factored in to the mobile emissions model. (For more details on the TIER 2 reduction methodology, see Appendix I)

Factoring in the TIER 2 reductions resulted in significant emissions decreases, with the most noticeable reductions coming in 2025. Table 3-5b shows New Castle County emissions with Tier 2 all below the current 1999 budget.

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Table 3-5b New Castle County Emissions Summary (w/ Tier 2)

VOC (tons/day) NOx (tons/day) MTP MTP 1999 1999 Emissions Emissions Budget Budget (w/ Tier 2) (w/ Tier 2)

2005 22.49 14.420 28.51 23.48 2015 22.49 14.200 28.51 20.20

2025 22.49 15.520 28.51 21.66

Source: DNREC, DelDOT, 1999

Conformity Summary: Table 3-6 below summarizes the regional air quality conformity situation. For all applicable milepoint years, mobile emissions are below the current applicable emissions budgets.

Table 3-6 Regional Conformity Summary New Castle County Cecil County

VOC (tons/day) NOx (tons/day) VOC (tons/day) NOx (tons/day) 2002 Emissions NA NA 2.7 6.3 Applicable Budget NA NA 3.5 6.9

2005 Emissions 14.42 23.48 2.5 5.8 Applicable Budget 22.49 28.51 3.1 6.9

2015 Emissions 14.20 20.20 2.4 5.1 Applicable Budget 22.49 28.51 3.1 6.9

2025 Emissions 15.52 21.66 2.7 6.0 Applicable Budget 22.49 28.51 3.1 6.9 Source: DelDOT, MDOT, DNREC, MDE, 1999

2005 Attainment Issue: In February 2000, the Delaware Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Control (DNREC) submitted their State Implementation Plan (SIP) to EPA which documents new, lower mobile source budgets. The 2002 Rate of Progress Plan (RPP) budget and 2005 Attainment budget are expected to receive an adequacy determination from EPA by May 2000. At that point, these budgets become the current budget of record, and must be used for all subsequent conformity analyses. At the latest, the conformity analysis for the FY 2002-2004 Transportation Improvement Program (TIP) will be required to meet these new, lower budget levels. However, if any regionally significant project is proposed for amendment into the FY 2001-2003 TIP after May 2000, a new conformity analysis will also be required. These conformity analyses will be required to use the lower 2002 RPP budget and 2005 Attainment budget and will require significant measures to maintain conformity. (For more details on the 2005 Attainment Issue and steps taken to ensure conformity, see Appendix I)

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3.2.7 Cost and Financial Reasonableness Assessment

Cost measures address the long-term or life-cycle costs associated with construction, maintenance and operation of facilities and services as well as the out-of-pocket cost incurred by the public while using the transportation system. The public pays out-of-pocket and hidden expenses to travel on the transportation system. Capital, operating, and maintenance costs of the transportation system are also important components of the assessment of transportation infrastructure improvements and services.

Under the metropolitan planning requirements of TEA-21, all metropolitan transportation plans must be shown to be financially reasonable. The intent of this requirement is to ensure that the plan is not merely a wish list of projects. Rather, there should be some reassurance that the necessary capital, operating, and maintenance investments for both existing and new transportation components of the plan can be achieved, given reasonable assumptions of future funding.

Two performance measures have been identified to assess the facility cost of transportation system improvements:

· cost to build, operate, and maintain the transportation system; and, · estimate of available revenues to cover the projected costs of the plan.

These financial performance measures tell us how well the MTP will achieve the following regional goals:

Ø Improved quality of life, emphasizing a sound environment, less congestion, better and more appropriate use of land, instilling a sense of security, and providing opportunities for employment and better education. Ø Improved mobility, accessibility, and transportation alternatives to provide for efficient movement of people and goods.

Costs Preliminary cost estimates for implementing the new facilities and services in the plan have been developed at a sketch level in the same categories used in WILMAPCO’s TIP: Expansion, Management, and Preservation. These projects are listed in Tables 4-1 through 4-3 in section 4- 7. The management projects have been further divided to recognize that some management type projects require major investments that are prioritized by WILMAPCO, while smaller management projects are grouped together in funding pools and are prioritized by the State DOTs.

· The expansion and major management of transportation facilities and services (including new transit service operating costs) in this plan is estimated to require an investment of about $1.7 billion over a 25 year planning time frame, or roughly $60 - $70 million a year in today’s dollars. · It is estimated that approximately $3.3 billion will be spent in the next 25 years on capital investments to manage and preserve the existing transportation system.

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Financial Reasonableness The financial reasonableness requirement was not intended to have MPOs create long-range capital and operating budgets with their long-range plans. Such budgets are done in another part of the metropolitan planning process: the Transportation Improvement Program (TIP). The TIP forms the New Castle County portion of the Delaware Capital Improvement Program (CIP) and the Cecil County portion of the Maryland Consolidated Transportation Program (CTP).

The WILMAPCO TIP is a prioritized list of projects set for actual, near-term implementation. It is prepared annually and is a financially constrained document. Because the TIP deals with projects ready for actual implementation over a three-year period, if the funds are not available, then the projects cannot be implemented. Therefore, the intent of ISTEA, and now TEA21, is that the TIP financial constraint be much more exact than the measure of financial reasonableness in the long-term, twenty-five year metropolitan transportation plan.

· The revenue assumptions provided by the State of Delaware, provided in Appendix J, show an estimated revenue in excess of $1.5 billion for New Castle County for expansion and major management projects, and new transit operating costs. · Revenue for Cecil County has traditionally been about 5% of New Castle County, or about $60 million. In addition, the Maryland Turnpike Administration will fund the planned expansion of I-95 in Cecil County representing approximately $100 million of additional revenue and investment. Revenue of about $160 million is available for major new projects in Cecil County, or rounded off, approximately $0.2 billion. · In total, about $1.7 billion is estimated to be available in the WILMAPCO region for expansion and major management investments in transportation facilities and services over the next 25 years. These funds include both Federal and State transportation funding. Financial needs greater than $1.7 billion would require greater than historic revenue growth.

è Planned Expansion and Major Management investments as shown in Section 4.7 total about $1.7 billion. Therefore, the 2025 MTP is financially reasonable.

It is the policy of WILMAPCO to ensure that this and all future plan updates are financially reasonable. Therefore, if future information indicates that current financial assumptions are no longer appropriate, WILMAPCO will then work with both States to prepare detailed alternatives analyses and recommendations for increasing revenues, reducing investments, both, or investigating more cost-effective transportation investments. Those efforts will ensure the intended financial reasonableness of future plan updates, as well as our ability to achieve our vision of this region’s transportation future.

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3.2.8 Summary of MTP Assessment Data

In the process of developing the 2025 MTP, four scenarios were developed through discussions with WILMAPCO member agencies. These alternative scenarios were tested to see how varying population and employment growth patterns and future transportation investments would impact regional mobility, accessibility, livability, quality of life, environmental standards, and fiscal reasonableness. The result of this analytic process was the final 2025 MTP scenario which incorporated elements of each of the four original scenarios. The following three tables summarize the effectiveness of the 2025 MTP scenario. Table 3-7 compares current data with 2025 Trend data, which assumes that no new transportation facilities (planned beyond the FY2000-2002 Transportation Improvement Program scope) are constructed, and that population and employment growth continues at today’s pace. Table 3-8 compares current data with 2025 MTP data which incorporates all of the policies, actions and investments of the 2025 MTP. Table 3-9 then compares how the “do-nothing” alternative (2025 Trend) compares with the 2025 MTP alternative.

Table 3-7 2025 Trend Data Assessment 2025 Trend 1998 “Do-Nothing” % Change Regional Population 561,208 644,405 h15% Regional Employment 299,046 359,076 h 20% Southern New Castle County Population 25,400 48,217 h 90% Southern New Castle County Employment 4,945 5,600 h 13% Average Trip Length (miles) 8.33 9.14 h 10% Average Speed (mph) 34.71 32.55 i6.2% Vehicle Hours Traveled (x 1,000) 437.57 653.64 h49% Vehicle Miles Traveled (x 1,000,000) - CIP Adjusted 17.69 24.74 h 40% % of Roadways Congested During Peak Periods 7.5% 22.5% h15% Volatile Organic Compounds (Tons per day) 25.63 18.21 i29% Nitrogen Oxides (Tons per day) 37.58 33.4 i11% Estimated Cost of Expansion Project Investments -- $1.7B N/A Estimated Cost of Management & Preservation Investments -- $3.3B N/A

Source: DelDOT, MDOT, DE Population Consortium, MD Office of Planning, DNREC, and MDE, 1999

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Table 3-8 2025 MTP Plan Data Assessment

1998 2025 MTP % Change Regional Population 561,208 644,405 h15% Regional Employment 299,046 359,076 h 20% Southern New Castle County Population 25,400 60,000 h 136% Southern New Castle County Employment 4,945 16,000 h 223% Average Trip Length (Miles) 8.33 9.05 h 9% Average Speed (mph) 34.71 34.08 i2% Vehicle Hours Traveled (x 1,000) 437.57 637.64 h 46% Vehicle Miles Traveled (x 1,000,000) - CIP Adjusted 17.69 25.20 h42% % of Roadways Congested During Peak Periods 7.50% 14.60% h7.10% Volatile Organic Compounds (Tons per day) 25.63 19.02 i25.80% Nitrogen Oxides (Tons per day) 37.58 36.68 i2% Estimated Cost of Expansion Project Investments -- $1.7B N/A Estimated Cost of Management & Preservation Investments -- $3.3B N/A Source: DelDOT, MDOT, DE Population Consortium, MD Office of Planning, DNREC, and MDE, 1999

Table 3-9 2025 MTP Plan vs. Trend Data Assessment 2025 Trend “Do-Nothing” 2025 MTP % Change Regional Population 644,405 644,405 0% Regional Employment 359,076 359,076 0% Southern New Castle County Population 48,217 60,000 h25% Southern New Castle County Employment 5,600 16,000 h 186% Average Trip Length (Miles) 9.14 9.05 i1% Average Speed (mph) 32.55 34.08 h5% Vehicle Hours Traveled (x 1,000) 653.64 637.64 i3 % Vehicle Miles Traveled (x 1,000,000) - CIP Adjusted 24.74 25.20 h2% % of Roadways Congested During Peak Periods 22.5% 14.6% i7.9% Volatile Organic Compounds (Tons per day) 18.21 19.02 h4% Nitrogen Oxides (Tons per day) 33.40 36.68 h9% Estimated Cost of Expansion Project Investments -- $1.7B N/A Estimated Cost of Management & Preservation Investments -- $3.3B N/A Source: DelDOT, MDOT, DE Population Consortium, MD Office of Planning, DNREC, and MDE, 1999

The following chapter lays out the revised goals, strategies, policies, actions and major transportation investment that together make up the 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan for the WILMAPCO region.

February 23, 2000 WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan 3-23 Chapter 4 4.1 Regional Goals

4.0 Metropolitan Transportation Plan

This section introduces the 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan (2025 MTP or The Plan). The Plan is the set of policies, actions, 2025 Update and investments that, when implemented, will achieve the goals of the region. The member agencies of WILMAPCO are those responsible for implementing the policies, actions and investments. The policies, actions, and investments are arranged into five strategies. The impact of implementing the strategies, although presented here separately, should be viewed as part of an overall CONNECTIONS package, since they are closely linked and support each other. to the st 21 Century 4.1 Regional Goals

The goals of the MTP were developed from 1993 to 1995 through a regional visioning process. The goals serve as a blueprint for improving the quality of life in our region. These goals were revised based upon comments received during our update process to more accurately reflect the direction we are looking to take in transportation planning.

Goals of the 2025 MTP

1. Better and more predictable planning, with land-use and transportation linked. 2. Sustain a healthy and growing economy that is built on our geographic advantage and the skills of the population. 3. Improved quality of life, emphasizing a sound environment, less congestion, better and more appropriate use of land, instilling a sense of security, and providing opportunities for employment and better education. 4. Enhancement and re-emergence of traditional communities and municipalities as the location of commerce, culture and mixed-use housing for the area. 5. Improved mobility, accessibility, and transportation alternatives to provide efficient movement of people and goods. 6. Achieve more effective intergovernmental coordination, at the federal, state, regional, and local levels, and better public/private communication and understanding on issues of development and transportation.

These goals will be achieved through the implementation of the strategies described in the following sections.

February 23, 2000 WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan 4-1 Chapter 4 4.2 Strategies to Link Land Use and Transportation

4.2 Strategies To Link Transportation And Land Use

4.2.1 Description Today, planners and the public alike recognize that land use and transportation planning need to be better integrated. Many of the region’s problems can be traced to poor coordination between the two. It is impossible to effectively plan for one issue without carefully accounting for the other.

Poor planning can lead to:

Ø traffic congestion Ø unnecessary loss of open space and farmland Ø under utilization of existing facilities and services in urban areas Ø separation of compatible land uses Ø conventional design in suburban development Ø fragmented and incremental decision-making

Our Plan envisions a regional transportation future where transportation investments are made to support and redevelop existing communities. We want to create livable, human-scale communities that have close, convenient places to live, work, shop, and find entertainment and recreational opportunities.

We want to provide transportation alternatives, such as bike lanes, greenways and sidewalks, that improve our quality of life and are safe and attractive. We want to re-create neighborhoods using traditional design elements that encourage convenient transit services, mixed land use and traditional road design.

By focusing our transportation efforts in existing centers, we are looking to provide more services within those centers. This will help to limit our dependence on the automobile, the only reasonable method of transportation in areas of sprawling development.

The policies we must encourage to succeed with our Plan are explained in the following section.

4.2.2 Policies

Transportation Investment Areas – Determining the areas where our transportation dollars will be concentrated is vital. The location, type, density, and design of land uses is determined by a combination of public policy, market forces, and private investor decisions. By targeting future investments in transportation facilities and services through specifying distinct Transportation Investment Areas (TIAs), we help property owners and local land use planners make informed decisions. By concentrating our dollars in the Centers and Community areas of our region, we can improve quality of life, manage congestion, and provide more travel options, while helping to preserve our natural resources.

February 23, 2000 WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan 4-2 Chapter 4 4.2 Strategies to Link Land Use and Transportation

The TIA map adopted as part of this plan is shown on the following page. The map has been revised to reflect zoning in both counties as well as Priority Funding Areas in Maryland and the Strategies for State Policies and Spending map in Delaware. This map is the result of numerous meetings between WILMAPCO Council members to develop a coordinated plan of public policy and investments to achieve the best quality of life in our region. It reflects a stronger trend toward growth below the Chesapeake and Delaware canal (forecast population of 60,000 and employment of 15,000 by 2025) and the subsequent need for increased transportation investments. It also allows for continued growth along the I-95 corridor.

The investment area policy maps are used to illustrate the areas of our region where we anticipate investing our transportation dollars over the next 25 years. There are five types of investment areas. These indicate the type of transportation projects that both States’ Departments of Transportation, New Castle County, Cecil County, and regional municipalities will invest in for each area, based on their anticipated population and employment growth, as well as the pattern of development. The specific type and frequency of transit service provided in the different areas is dictated by the strength of the transit market as defined by the number of potential riders in specific locations.

The 2025 MTP includes a new level of investment called the Center Investment Area. This level assists in strengthening our goal to enhance the transportation network in and around our designated centers, thereby creating a more desirable environment to live and work.

The five Transportation Investment Areas classifications are:

1. Centers – These are areas with the highest concentrations of population and/or employment with well-established land uses and development patterns and opportunities for re-development. The transportation objective for these areas is to provide the greatest number of transportation options with an emphasis on public transportation, walking, and bicycling and, to make existing and planned improvement as safe and efficient as possible. Typical transportation projects will include new and/or expanded facilities and services for transit users, bicyclists, and pedestrians, as well as projects that emphasize the management of traffic flow and congestion, support economic development and redevelopment efforts, and promote local street networks.

2. Community - These are areas with well-established land uses and development patterns and where growth and development pressures are expected to be moderate. The transportation objective for these areas is to expand and improve transportation facilities and services, and to make each as safe and efficient as possible. Typical transportation projects will include those related to expanding facilities and services for all modes of transportation, including public transportation facilities and services when favorable development patterns and densities exist. Projects will also include those that emphasize the management of traffic flow and congestion, support economic development and redevelopment efforts, and promote local street networks.

February 23, 2000 WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan 4-3 Chapter 4 4.2 Strategies to Link Land Use and Transportation

Figure 4-1 Transportation Investment Areas

February 23, 2000 WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan 4-4 Chapter 4 4.2 Strategies to Link Land Use and Transportation

3. Developing - These are areas where land uses and development patterns are not yet set and where they continue to emerge. The transportation objective for these areas is to appropriately encourage deliberative growth and rational development through a planned set of phased investments, land use coordination, and policy actions consistent with zoning densities and designations. Typical transportation projects, including the extent to which facilities and services related to roadways, transit options, walking, and bicycling are expanded and/or provided, will depend on the planned density and patterns of development. Transportation projects will typically include facilities and/or services that expand or provide roadways, public transportation, pedestrian walkways, bicycle paths, and other transportation modes. A minimum net density of four units per acre will be used as a guideline in making public transportation investments. Projects will also include those that emphasize the management of traffic flow and congestion, support economic development and redevelopment efforts, and promote local street networks.

4. Potential Employment Centers – These are locations within the Developing area that reflect a desire to more closely balance the relationship between places of work and residence. These locations are zoned by the county and/or municipality for major employment and reflect state economic development objectives. Transportation links between employment centers and established residences must include consideration of all modes and strategies of transportation that reduce peak period commuter congestion.

5. Rural - These are rural areas where limited growth and development exist or are expected, where transportation facilities and services are considered adequate to meet needs, and where natural resources are to be preserved. The transportation objective of these areas is to preserve existing transportation facilities and services, and to manage the transportation system to support the preservation of the natural environment. Typical transportation projects will include only necessary drainage, maintenance, safety improvements, and regional highway facilities with no access in this rural area.

NOTE: All transportation plans, programs, and projects must be air quality conforming.

February 23, 2000 WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan 4-5 Chapter 4 4.2 Strategies to Link Land Use and Transportation

The second policy element addressed in this strategy explains the importance of establishing a Community Transportation Design.

Community Transportation Design - A community’s physical design influences its desirability as a place to live and work, its aesthetic appeal, and its use. The use of improved design criteria for our transportation system can help us strengthen our sense of community and identity, as well as get the most benefit from our infrastructure investments.

Design affects more than the just the "look" of a place or facility; it can have a very positive effect on the function of the facility as well. A well-designed transportation system accommodates all modes of transportation, including walking, biking, and public transit usage, by having well-lighted and maintained sidewalks, transit stops, and inter-connected pathways. With proper design, we can reduce the undesirable physical effects of transportation, while promoting safety and convenience by:

Ø Reinforcing the special character of existing places and important cultural and natural resources; Ø Ensuring accessibility and safety for all residents and visitors, Ø Adopting zoning that encourages human-scaled, pedestrian-friendly development; Ø Creating intermodal centers that encourage the use of public transit, walking, and biking; Ø Defining circulation patterns for all travel modes and trip purposes, reducing congestion.

To make our communities more convenient places to live, traditional grid pattern road networks within and between subdivisions can be implemented. These networks should include roadway designs that keep traffic speeds down, reduce trip lengths and provide more opportunities for transit access.

Local roadways can be designed to handle cars and trucks as well as pedestrians, bicyclists, and transit riders. Streets may be lined with shade trees, sidewalks, street lights, and active storefronts; intersections may be designed with well-marked crosswalks and relatively tight turning radii, to minimize crossing distances; and shops may be constructed close to the sidewalk to provide "eyes on the street."

To promote a sense of safety and security, sidewalks, bus shelters, and pedestrian paths should be well lit and visible from surrounding storefronts, rights-of-way, and residences. Public gardens, squares, and community green spaces should be interspersed throughout a development. Public spaces and landscape features - benches, light standards, information kiosks, and planters - should be designed to reveal the community's unique character and reinforce or establish a sense of place.

Park-and-ride lots and transit stops can be created to provide safe and comfortable connections for carpoolers and transit users. Through careful planning and design, these services can become more pleasant and attractive. Amenities such as shelter from the weather, benches, bike lockers, and pedestrian-scaled lighting can be included. To make travel easier, transfer areas can include computerized travel information kiosks with schedules, route maps, traffic conditions, and automated means for purchasing tickets. Lighting can also serve as an effective crime deterrent.

By encouraging these elements in our plan, we can incorporate transportation alternatives into our land use strategies and create attractive, accessible, livable communities.

February 23, 2000 WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan 4-6 Chapter 4 4.2 Strategies to Link Land Use and Transportation

Community Land Use Design – Just as the design of transportation investments affects the quality of our communities so does the design of land development projects. The MTP supports those land use projects that help to decrease the dependence on the automobile by building mixed-use, walkable developments whenever possible. These types of developments should be targeted to the Centers and Community investment areas described above to take advantage of investments in all modes of transportation. By developing mixed-use walkable communities in these areas, we can enhance communities, encourage infill development, and improve the travel choices available to the region’s residents.

Mixed-use, walkable developments include street networks that encourage drivers to obey the speed limit, buildings set closer to the street to encourage walking, bicycling and transit use, and significant landscaping to improve the aesthetics and encourage walking.

February 23, 2000 WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan 4-7 Chapter 4 4.2 Strategies to Link Land Use and Transportation

4.2.3 Actions Actions to be implemented in the next three years by WILMAPCO and its member agencies as appropriate are:

Responsible Category Action Agency Encourage the location of federal, state and local government public Investments facilities and services to support development in designated multi-modal WILMAPCO centers

Encourage the implementation of a location efficient mortgage program Investments WILMAPCO to encourage residents to live closer to work and in multi-modal centers

Recommend that member agencies, state offices of planning, and state environmental agencies, and business and community groups participate Investments WILMAPCO in a major study to assess these major regional issues including infrastructure cost, taxpayer impact, and air quality attainment

Support revisions to DelDOT's Highway Design Manual, Access Transportation DelDOT, Management Policy, and Suburban Street Design Manual and municipal Design Municipalities street design standards Develop and adopt transit oriented development provisions in New Castle Land Use County's Unified Development Code to promote transit friendly uses and NCC Design design

Land Use Develop and implement Mobility Friendly Design Standards for Rising Municipalities Design Sun, Perryville, Cecilton, Port Deposit and others

Land Use Assist other multi-modal centers with Mobility Friendly Design Standards Municipalities Design or land use plans through the Unified Planning Work Program

Land Use Develop and implement Village Land Use Plans for Hockessin and NCC Design Centreville

Land Use Develop improvements to Traffic Impact Study Process in New Castle DelDOT, NCC Design County

Continue Transportation and Land Use Education Programs, such as "Our Other WILMAPCO Town? An Alternative to Sprawl" Events

February 23, 2000 WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan 4-8 Chapter 4 4.2 Strategies to Link Land Use and Transportation

4.2.4 Investments

City of New Castle Route 9 reconstruction - Widen DE 9 from Delaware Ave to 3rd St from 2 lanes & center turn lane to 4 lanes Bicycle and Trail improvements Route 40 Area Route 40 Plan TIP/CIP Improvements: Widen SR 7 - Add 1 additional lane in each direction from US 40 to SR 273, Route 7/40 Interchange, Eden Square Connector, Newtown Road Ramps, Minimum Build Scenario: Intersection improvements at US 40 & Pleasant Valley Road, Glasgow Ave, Scotland Dr, Wellington Dr, Walther Rd, and Governor's Square Grade separation of US 40 at Conrail Tracks Transit, Pedestrian and Bicycle Improvements Roadway Widening Scenario (Including Access Controls): Widen US 40 one lane in each direction, Grade separated interchange at: 13/40, Grade separated interchange at: 72/40, Grade separated interchange at: 896/40; Widen SR 72 - Add 1 additional lane in each direction from US 40 to Reybold Rd DE 72/I-95 Interchange - Ramps to & from the north; 301 MIS Base Improvements:

Newtown Road from DE 896 to DE 72 - New 2 Lane Road plus Widen SR 72 - Add 1 additional lane in each direction from Reybold Road to Old Baltimore Pike

SR 896 Frontage Roads 2-lane, 2-way roadways - Southbound side between Old Baltimore Pike & Old Route 896, Widen SR 896 - Add 1 additional lane in each direction from I-95 to Old Baltimore Pike Widen SR 1 - Add 1 additional lane in each direction between US 13 and I-95; New Roadway from Peoples Plaza across 896 (south of US 40), Transit Improvements - New Express Bus Services: Glasgow-Churchmans via US 40, Glasgow-Wilmington via US 40, Middletown-Wilmington, Newark- Middletown via Glasgow Transit Improvements - New Local Bus Services: Glasgow-Wilmington, Newark-Wilmington, Churchmans Crossing, Glasgow, Middletown

Bicycle improvements

Pedestrian improvements

DE 72/I-95 Interchange - Ramps to & from the north

February 23, 2000 WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan 4-9 Chapter 4 4.2 Strategies to Link Land Use and Transportation

Southern New Castle County

Southern New Castle County Local Roads 301 MIS Major Roadway Alternatives: Widen 301+ Boyds Corner Road - Add 1 lane in each direction from MD State Line to Boyds Corner Rd, Possible capacity enhancements of SR 896 between Porter Road and Boyds Corner New 4-lane, limited access expressway from MD Line north to Summit, east to SR 1 - with partial interchange at Middletown to and from Middletown, full interchange with SR 896 in Summit, full interchange in Whitehall, partial interchange at SR 1 - to and from the north Newark/Elkton Plan

Make Christina Parkway Consistently 4 Lanes - Add 1 additional lane east of SR 2 Improve Elkton Road, New London Road, Main St., Newark Intersection Road Expansion and Management

MD 272 - I-95 to Little Northeast Creek Bridge MD 213 - Frenchtown Road to US 40 Hockessin Boulevard Plan

4.2.5 Progress Indicators

Annual Effectiveness Review Continue to measure the effectiveness of this strategy with measures such as: investments made by TIA, changes in land use, standards, ordinances and codes revised and other measures.

February 23, 2000 WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan 4-10 Chapter 4 4.3 Strategies to Protect our Natural & Historic Resources

4.3 Strategies To Protect Our Natural & Historic Resources

4.3.1 Description The Plan envisions a regional transportation future where the rural and scenic character outside our livable communities will be preserved and protected. It is a transportation future in which people will have the option to walk on greenways and sidewalks or bike on bikeways that are fully connected and integrated into an intermodal transportation system. Such non-motorized corridors will be linked to the transit system that supports existing communities, reduces congestion and limits the production of transportation-related air pollution.

Farms and farming will remain part of our “Reduced sprawl with resultant economic, environmental, and natural landscape. improved air quality, reduced Scenic roads will have their character preserved. traffic congestion, preserved Clean air and water and the presence of wildlife will open space, and reduced give testimony to the region’s environmental well- dependence on imported oil are being. Parks, farms, and recreational areas that all desirable objectives. The might otherwise have been converted to parking lots important question is ‘How do will still be there. Existing communities that might we get there?’” have been abandoned in favor of sprawl -- Robert Smith development will flourish.

4.3.2 Policies

Scenic Byways - This program is designed to identify and protect the country’s most scenic and historically significant roads, by promoting them in such a way as to increase tourism and stimulate local economies. Delaware has recently submitted an application to the Federal government to begin a Scenic Byways program. Maryland has developed a Scenic Byway Corridor Management Plan for MD 213, incorporating Chesapeake City and Cecilton.

Greenways This corridor preservation strategy would be similar to, and built upon, greenways such as the Coastal Heritage Greenway, Northern Delaware Greenway, Lower Susquehanna Greenway and the Fox Point to Brandywine Park Greenway. Complementary land use strategies might include zoning to preserve natural resource and conservation areas and restricting roadway access rights.

Greenways are also important components of the transportation system. An inter-connected system of greenways can provide safe, convenient, and efficient travelways to activity centers. They can be used in urban areas and employment centers as an alternative form of commuting. Constructing trails off-road, but within the transportation corridor, allows people using the facilities to reach important destinations and feel more secure.

February 23, 2000 WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan 4-11 Chapter 4 4.3 Strategies to Protect our Natural & Historic Resources

Natural Resources – We will strive to avoid or mitigate the impact our transportation system has on wetlands, water recharge areas, endangered species habitats, air quality, open space, and farmland. To ensure our own health, we must consider the impact our transportation decisions have on our air and water. In addition, many of our natural resources are unique to this part of the country and have an incalculable value. We must consider various alternatives to prevent their destruction.

Examples of natural resources that should be preserved include the Chesapeake Bay watershed, the White Clay Creek watershed, stream corridors and wetlands, and quality agricultural land. Both Maryland and Delaware have established programs (Maryland Agricultural Land Preservation Foundation, Delaware Agricultural Preservation Program) to preserve these valuable resources. In New Castle County nearly 14,000 acres in 40 districts have been preserved as of October 1997. In Cecil County, nearly 15,000 acres in 90 districts have been preserved as of July 1998.

Historic Resources - We need to strengthen our efforts to preserve our heritage, just as we work to preserve our natural resources. This preservation would specifically pertain to roadways and bridges that have historical significance, but could also be used to guide land use decisions. If proposed roadwork would jeopardize an historical structure or area, we need to factor that loss into the decision. In addition, streetscaping should be included as an important element when developing transportation projects in historic areas. We must design roads, sidewalks and public spaces that complement their surroundings. Supporting these efforts will help increase tourism and educate people on the importance of transportation enhancements.

Air Quality – The MTP is required by federal law to be “air quality conforming.” This means that the MTP must examine the set of transportation investments and services that help attain the health standards for ozone as defined by emissions of volatile organic compounds (VOC) and Nitrogen Oxides (NOx) in our region. These health standards will be attained through state imposed requirements on major industries (point sources), small businesses (area sources), and automobile travel (mobile sources). The MTP must demonstrate that the mobile source emission goals can be attained with the growth in auto travel described in the MTP. Emissions increase with vehicle miles of travel (VMT). Therefore, in addition to encouraging the adoption of cleaner gasoline and autos, this MTP also has a policy to reduce the growth in VMT.

February 23, 2000 WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan 4-12 Chapter 4 4.3 Strategies to Protect our Natural & Historic Resources

4.3.3 Actions Actions to be implemented in the next three years by WILMAPCO and its member agencies as appropriate are:

Responsible Category Action Agency Scenic Establish a Delaware Scenic Road Program and designate candidate DelDOT Byways roads in New Castle County Develop a Scenic Byway Corridor Management Plan for the portion of Scenic the MD 213 - Scenic route between Chesapeake City and the Kent MDOT Byways County Line. Scenic Complete and implement the Central Pencader/Red Lion Area Scenic DelDOT, NCC Byways River and Highway Study Scenic Complete and implement the Southern New Castle County Scenic River DelDOT, NCC Byways and Highway Study Develop a Regional Greenway Plan. Phase I will focus on the East Coast Greenways Greenway. Future phases will include other areas such as south of the WILMAPCO canal as well as corridors under study such as Route 301 and Route 40. Greenways Complete Lower Susquehanna Greenway Management Plan Private Continue the East Coast Greenway - connecting the Cecil County DelDOT, Cecil sections: Elkton, North East, Charlestown and Perryville, as well as the County, MDOT, Greenways Northern New Castle County sections: Newark, Churchmans Crossing, DNREC, New Castle, Wilmington Riverwalk and Pennsylvania Private Complete the Northern Delaware Greenway with an East Link -Route DelDOT, Greenways 202 Pedestrian Crossing, and a Kennett Pike Bikeway Private Implement individual Greenway sections such as: Powder Mill, Elk DelDOT, Greenways Neck, Mill Creek/Hockessin and the C & D Canal, Cooch's Bridge/Old Private Baltimore Pike Greenway Wilmington, Greenways Implement the Wilmington Bikeways Plan DelDOT DelDOT, Greenways Develop Christina River Bikeway Plan Private Study and develop recommendations for the continued maintenance of Greenways WILMAPCO greenways, paths, and bikeways Develop a Southern New Castle County Greenways Plan in coordination WILMAPCO, Greenways with the Southern New Castle County Local Roads Plan DelDOT, NCC Natural Encourage and support the preservation of open space and farmland WILMAPCO Resources Natural Encourage and support the preservation of natural resources, including WILMAPCO Resources water, wetlands and endangered species Historical Encourage and support the preservation of historic and cultural resources WILMAPCO Pres. Implement transportation projects, services, and programs that help DelDOT, Air Quality achieve the emissions budget for the region (see Section 3.2.4 for an air MDOT, DTC quality conformity summary, or Appendix I for a complete discussion). Develop additional emission reduction strategies and transportation Air Quality control measures to achieve the 2005 Attainment Plan emissions budget WILMAPCO and amend the MTP and TIP as necessary Pursue additional strategies through legislative and administrative means Air Quality to ensure that our region contributes an equitable amount towards DNREC, MDE achieving the 2005 emissions budget

February 23, 2000 WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan 4-13 Chapter 4 4.3 Strategies to Protect our Natural & Historic Resources

4.3.4 Investments

Greenways/Bikeways C & D Canal Greenway and Delaware City Promenade Christina River Bikeway Cooch’s Bridge/Old Baltimore Pike Greenway East Coast Greenway-Cecil County: DE line-Elkton, Elkton-North East, North East-Charlestown, Charlestown-Perryville, Perryville-Havre De Grace East Coast Greenway-New Castle County: PA line-Wilmington-New Castle-Churchmans Crossing-Newark-MD line Elk Neck Greenway Elkton Greenways Lower Susquehanna Heritage Greenway and Susquehanna River Pedestrian/Bicycle Bridge Mill Creek/Hockessin Greenway Newark Bikeways / Greenways Northern Delaware Greenway- Kennett Pike Bikeway Northern Delaware Greenway-East Link Cauffield Connector, Route 202 Pedestrian Crossing, Wilmington Connection Powder Mill Greenway Wilmington Bikeways: Urban Environmental Center, Urban Corridor Studies, Baynard Boulevard Connector/Miller Road

4.3.5 Progress Indicators

Annual Effectiveness Review Continue to measure the effectiveness of this strategy with measures such as: scenic byways designated, greenways built, changes in natural and historic resource inventories, air pollution emissions and exceedances, and other measures.

February 23, 2000 WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan 4-14 Chapter 4 4.3 Strategies to Protect our Natural & Historic Resources

Figure 4-2 Regional Greenways Map

February 23, 2000 WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan 4-15 Chapter 4 4.4 Strategies to Improve Mobility

4.4 Strategies To Improve Our Mobility

4.4.1 Description The Plan envisions a regional transportation future where people will have multiple travel choices, and congestion is not severe. Mobility will be improved by selectively expanding the transportation system, including new roads, rail services, bus services, sidewalks, and bicycle lanes. Transit investments will be targeted to Center and Community investment areas and higher density locations. Increasing density and transit accessibility at identified transit oriented developments is to be encouraged. We plan to:

· provide bus shelters that are safe and attractive · design well marked bicycle lanes to help bicyclists share the roads safely with other vehicles · connect greenways throughout the region · increase public awareness of carpooling services such as RideShare Delaware and MTA’s RideShare match program · implement a trolley service in Wilmington to benefit tourists, residents and workers · extend commuter rail services and build additional stations

By improving our transportation options, this strategy helps convert future auto-driving trips to the transit, walking, biking, auto passenger and telecommuting modes. This helps us in numerous ways - by reducing traffic congestion, improving air quality, and increasing safety.

Even if trips are made by other modes of transportation, more people will be taking longer trips in their cars than they are today. Therefore, our Plan also includes highway capacity improvements. We must build and improve our roads system to keep up with our growing population. Many of these roads are currently at full capacity now, and significant investments are being developed for Routes 301, 40, 202 / 141 and I-95.

We are working to expand these existing roads to accommodate increased traffic, while balancing the needs of local residents and businesses. This will continue to be a challenge, especially in highly developed areas such as Route 40 and Concord Pike.

“This plan sets standards and visions against which transportation investments can be consistently measured. Northern Delaware Greenways believes that this intermodal approach, which includes greenways, bicycle and pedestrian facilities, in addition to traditional highway projects, will benefit the entire region by offering transportation alternatives to all citizens whether or not they choose to drive by car, protecting natural resources, and by maintaining a quality of life ...” - Bob Valihura

February 23, 2000 WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan 4-16 Chapter 4 4.4 Strategies to Improve Mobility

4.4.2 Policies

Congestion Management and Highway Capacity “Quite frankly, until something Investments - Strategies to improve mobility through is done to change the attitude of means other than driving alone will play an important the American driver and his love role in our future transportation system. Nevertheless, of the car, and there is more the extensive highway system will continue to play the coordination of developments major role in the movement of people and goods in the and roads, we are not going to be region. All road improvements and expansions should able to do much to relieve the provide multi-modal facilities and show the impacts of congestion.” the project on auto, truck, transit, bike and walking as - Edward W. Cooch, Jr. well as congestion and safety. Roadway improvements which decrease safety for pedestrians and bicyclist should be avoided, particularly in Centers and Community Investment Areas. Congestion Management projects that support economic development should receive high priority. Highway capacity improvements may be developed as four different types:

Ø Intersection and traffic flow enhancements - This includes additional turning lanes at intersections and traffic flow enhancements such as traffic calming techniques. Ø Minor capacity improvements - This is generally limited to small-scale lane and/or shoulder widening. Ø Major roadway widening - This includes additional travel lanes and shoulders. Ø New roadway construction - This includes the construction of new roadways.

WILMAPCO is required under federal transportation law to develop and implement a Congestion Management System (CMS) in this region. The WILMAPCO Council adopted a CMS in 1997 and continues to implement it through the monitoring of congestion and through a study process that explores all transportation and land use options to address congestion before providing additional highway capacity. The 1998 CMS monitoring information is included in the Annual Effectiveness Review Supplement to this MTP.

Public Transportation System Improvements – Traditional service improvements are called for in this plan to provide greater access to the Community Transportation Investment Area. These service improvements will:

Ø Provide additional train stations in association with rail service expansion and/or extensions Ø Enhance existing multi-modal stations Ø Expand current DART intra-county services and provide new inter-county bus and rail service to Elkton Ø Develop non-traditional transportation services to support existing DART services Ø Provide new bus facilities and upgrade existing facilities Ø Initiate new express bus service Ø Expand existing DART fixed route and DART paratransit services

Traditional types of service play an important role as the backbone of the public transit system. To expect residents and workers to use rail, express buses, or local buses more frequently, transit will have to become a more viable mobility option. It needs to be more frequent, more direct,

February 23, 2000 WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan 4-17 Chapter 4 4.4 Strategies to Improve Mobility more convenient, more efficient, and easily accessible.

To begin achieving this goal, this Plan also calls for a number of innovative public transit options, which tie together as a comprehensive mobility system. Candidate services and programs are:

Ø Computer technology to increase the level of information to transit customers about arrival times, trip lengths, and transit options Ø Mobility management of a statewide transportation network in Delaware Ø Improved access to bus stop facilities; including ADA considerations, safety issues, and customer amenities Ø Maryland State Highway Administration’s Park and Ride program; Ø Increase public awareness of carpool/vanpool options and provide more private vanpool opportunities Ø Public/private partnerships Ø Delaware Transit Corporation’s development of a Long-Range Transit Plan

These services could be offered through the transit service enhancements identified above and by offering park-and-ride lots with bicycle lockers and kiosks with real time transit service information.

Carpooling and Vanpooling Investments – Investments in carpooling and vanpooling will be made primarily through the increase of ridematching services or by creating high occupancy vehicle lanes. Since the 2020 MTP was adopted, significant steps have been taken by the Transportation Management Association of Delaware and the Maryland Mass Transit Administration to implement and market ridematching systems. These systems are being used with employers and individual commuters to encourage the use of carpools, vanpools, and transit.

Bicycling and Walking System Improvements - Biking and walking are a small part of our overall travel, but provide opportunities for significant solutions to our mobility problems, including reducing the growth of vehicles miles of travel. Pedestrian and bicycle facilities should become an integral part of our transportation improvements, particularly those in Centers and Community Transportation Investment Areas. Additional facilities should be provided to connect gaps in the bicycling and walking network. Improving bicyclist and pedestrian access to and from residential, commercial, recreational, educational, and business locations will reduce our dependence on auto trips.

Bicycling - Biking improvements will be made to provide access to homes, employment, schools, shopping and recreation. A clearly defined regional bike suitability map would help to improve levels of safety as well as making bicycling a more attractive travel option.

February 23, 2000 WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan 4-18 Chapter 4 4.4 Strategies to Improve Mobility

Four distinct designs can be used to establish a bike network:

Ø Shared Use Path – a non-motorized use trail located in a completely separated right-of-way, designated by signs and pavement markings. Cross-flows by motor vehicles would be minimal. Trails should be properly designed to allow a safe mix of bicycling, walking and other non-motorized uses. Ø Bike Path - a bike trail located in a completely separated right-of-way designated by signs (in Delaware), and pavement markings for the exclusive use of bicycles. Cross-flows by motor vehicles would be minimal. Ø Bike Lane - a bike lane located in a portion of the roadway designated by signs (in Delaware) and pavement markings for the exclusive or semi-exclusive use of bicycles. Through travel by motor vehicles or pedestrians would be prohibited, but cross-flows by pedestrians and motorists are permitted. Ø Shared Roadway or Paved Shoulder - a bike route located in a roadway and designated by signs (in Delaware) and shared with pedestrians or motorists. The bike route provides continuity to other bicycle facilities.

Connectivity between identified roadways for biking was the principle concern identified in our public outreach effort, followed by the condition of the roadway. We are working to provide a comprehensive bicycle network, comprised of a connected series of greenways and bicycle facilities. Each bikeway would be thoroughly reviewed to ensure the safety of bicyclists using the network.

Walking By adding crosswalks and sidewalks that enhance personal safety, security, and accessibility to and from residential, commercial, and business locations, we will reduce the need for auto trips. By also connecting the crosswalks and sidewalks to the transit system, we will further reduce the need for auto trips. Since every transit passenger becomes a pedestrian before and after the transit trip, improving pedestrian access and waiting facilities should be a priority along transit corridors to encourage the use of transit. Good design of pedestrian facilities is needed to make walking a safe and appealing mode of travel. A buffer between the walkway and road, landscaping, pedestrian scale lighting, benches and trash cans improve conditions and encourage more people to walk. All new pedestrian facilities should meet ADA standards and we should work to retrofit existing facilities. Pedestrian facilities should be provided as part of all transportation projects within Centers, Community, and Developing Investment Areas, whenever feasible.

4.4.3 Actions Actions to be implemented in the next three years by WILMAPCO and its member agencies as appropriate are:

Category Action Responsible Agency Implement projects in the WILMAPCO Transportation DelDOT, DTC, MDOT, All Modes Improvement Program Municipalities Continue to develop and implement projects, programs, WILMAPCO, DelDOT, All Modes services, and plans identified in the WILMAPCO MTP MDOT; Municipalities DelDOT; Del City, All Modes Develop a Delaware City Transportation Plan WILMAPCO

February 23, 2000 WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan 4-19 Chapter 4 4.4 Strategies to Improve Mobility

Category Action Responsible Agency WILMAPCO, DelDOT, All Modes Develop a plan for Middletown's Main Street, DE 299 Middletown WILMAPCO, DelDOT, All Modes Develop a Pike Creek Multi-modal Transportation Plan NCC, DTC WILMAPCO, DTC, All Modes Complete and implement the Wilmington Initiatives Plan DelDOT, Wilmington All Modes Implement the Churchmans Crossing Study recommendations DelDOT Complete, adopt and implement the Greater Route 301Area DelDOT, NCC, DTC, All Modes Major Investment Study and the Route 40 Plan WILMAPCO DelDOT, NCC, DTC, Develop and implement the City of New Castle All Modes WILMAPCO; City of New Transportation Plan Castle WILMAPCO, DTC, All Modes Develop Wilmington Urban Corridor Plans DelDOT, Wilmington Implement the Newark/Elkton Intermodal Transportation Plan DelDOT, DTC, MDOT, All Modes recommendations Newark, Elkton; Cecil Co Maryland Turnpike All Modes Develop a corridor plan for I-95 in Maryland Administration Develop and implement the Central Pencader and the DelDOT, NCC, All Modes Southern New Castle Rural Road Improvement Program WILMAPCO Examine the growth occurring in neighboring regions, All Modes especially Pennsylvania, and analyze the impact on our region WILMAPCO in coordination with our neighboring MPO's Transit and Improve Regional Transit and Ridesharing Information DTC Ridesharing System Transit and Implement the Regional Transit Service Needs Analysis DTC, MTA Ridesharing recommendations Transit and Develop the DelMarVa Rail Passenger Association's Rail WILMAPCO, DTC Ridesharing Plan Implement regional park and ride lots through MD State Transit and Highway Administration and DelDOT’s Park & Ride lot MDOT Ridesharing programs Request Delaware Valley Regional Planning Commission and Transit and SEPTA develop direct rail connection from existing R-2 line WILMAPCO Ridesharing to the Philadelphia Airport Transit and Examine the possibility of extending commuter rail service to WILMAPCO, DelDOT, Ridesharing Dover and coordinate with other transit plans and studies DTC Transit and Develop a Long Range Transit Plan that includes service to DTC, WILMAPCO, Cecil Ridesharing Cecil County Co DelDOT, NCCo; Cecil Co; Bicycle and Establish Greenway and Bike Paths DNREC; Municipalities; Walking Private Bicycle and Establish On-road Bike Lanes DelDOT Walking Bicycle and Establish Shared Roadways and Shoulders DelDOT Walking Bicycle and Develop bicycle suitability maps DelDOT, MDOT Walking Implement Maryland State Highway Administration's Bicycle and sidewalk retrofit program which requires that pedestrian MDOT Walking facilities be considered in all transportation projects Bicycle and Develop and implement a bicycle education and DelDOT, MDOT Walking encouragement program

February 23, 2000 WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan 4-20 Chapter 4 4.4 Strategies to Improve Mobility

4.4.4 Investments

Newark/Elkton Plan Newark - Elkton Local Bus Service Elkton - Wilmington Express Bus Service

Bus Services Double Existing Bus Service (minus Churchmans) New Express & Local Bus Service (minus Churchmans & 301) Bus Shelters Doubling and New Transit Service Operations US 202 / 141 Area

DE 141 -- Limit access between DE 2 & DE 34 to create major arterial Road Expansion and Management

I-95 widening (a) - I-295 to SR 1 - Add 1 lane in each direction I-95 widening (b) - SR 1 to MD Line - Add 1 lane in each direction I-95 widening - Susquehanna River to DE Line - Add 1 lane in each direction SR 1 - Smyrna to Odessa - New 4-lane limited access freeway I-95 NB off ramp relocation to EB Chapman Road - New Ramp US 13 - Tybouts Corner to Wilmington - Add additional capacity

4.4.5 Progress Indicators

Annual Effectiveness Review Continue to measure the effectiveness of this strategy with measures such as: vehicle miles of travel, vehicle hours of travel, level of service, congested intersections, average trip length; mode share, transit ridership, investments by mode and other measures.

February 23, 2000 WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan 4-21 Chapter 4 4.4 Strategies to Improve Mobility

Figure 4-3 MTP Expansion Project Map

February 23, 2000 WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan 4-22 Chapter 4 4.5 Strategies to Manage Our Transportation System

4.5 Strategies To Manage Our Transportation System

4.5.1 Description The Plan envisions a regional transportation future where we no longer try to build our way out of congestion. We have found that widening roads frequently creates more of the congestion that they were supposed to eliminate. By encouraging alternative methods to get around, we hope to reduce some of the pressure we have felt to just build more roads.

We are now placing a high priority on maintaining our existing sidewalks, bridges, transit shelters, bikeways, and roads to keep them in good working order, and to make sure they all connect to one another. A bus stop is more likely to be used if there’s a sidewalk leading up to it. Well-maintained bike paths that allow easy access to train stations may increase ridership for commuters. By connecting all our options, we can expect them all to be used more.

Road reconstruction will incorporate new technologies. Our roadway system will operate more efficiently, using state-of-the-art technology called Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS). Noise barriers, sidewalks and other amenities will help improve the quality of life for surrounding communities.

The reconstruction of the Van Buren Street Bridge in Wilmington is a good example of managing our transportation system. The bridge was structurally damaged and required major reconstruction. Officials decided to refurbish the bridge using improved technology, while keeping much of the original character and maintaining the fabric of the intermodal grid pattern. The bridge allows automobiles to cross and provides pedestrians safe access to Brandywine Park. We improved a bridge, maintained an attractive landmark and provided a multi-modal connector between Wilmington and a popular natural destination.

These methods, combined with more travel shifting to other modes, will allow us to improve our mobility at less environmental and financial cost than widening new roads. Certainly, we will build more roads in our region, but we will do so only after we have made the best use of the existing system.

4.5.2 Policies

System Preservation Improvements – The first step in improving mobility in the region is to ensure that the current system is well maintained and operated. Currently, the region spends approximately $130 million a year on system preservation and operation initiatives, and we have assumed similar efforts will continue, costing $3.3 billion over the next 25 years. These funds are needed to provide projects and programs like: bridge replacements and/or rehabilitations, pavement rehabilitation and/or paving, major highway equipment replacement, replacement/ refurbishment of transit vehicles, and highway and transit maintenance personnel.

February 23, 2000 WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan 4-23 Chapter 4 4.5 Strategies to Manage Our Transportation System

We may also expect that bridges and viaducts along our interstate routes will require major “Our government leaders are beginning preservation efforts as they reach 30-50 years to understand that it is more cost- in age. To ensure future system, safety and effective to maintain and expand preservation needs are met, a "maintenance existing infrastructure in existing first" approach is the policy of this plan communities than it is to continue to regarding transportation expenditure requests. build outwards. All levels of The region’s multi-billion dollar transportation government are being forced to pay system requires continuous maintenance, closer attention to the question of repair, and restoration to keep it safe, economic efficiency in spending convenient, and economical. The Plan taxpayer dollars.” -- Mayor James H. recommends that our transportation funds Sills, Jr. should focus on preserving, managing and operating the system.

Safety – The first priority in our transportation investments is to make our system safe. Safety projects will be a major emphasis, as they have been. Safety projects will not only look at automobile safety, but also pay more attention to pedestrian and bicyclist safety. Roadway safety improvements that create unsafe conditions for pedestrians and bicyclists should be avoided. Bicycle and pedestrian issues should be reviewed before the design phase begins.

Access Management – Suburban arterial roadways are often prime development locations for shopping centers, industrial parks, and office complexes. Vehicles who enter these roadside strip developments must slow down to turn into (or access) their facilities. For the most part, this “strip” development has adversely affected traffic flow and safety. To keep traffic moving smoothly, an access management system must be established to reduce the number of vehicle access points along a given stretch of road. A roadway containing many access points has increased turning volumes and conflicts, substantially reduced safety, and decreased speeds. A well-defined access management program helps to preserve the operational characteristics of our roadways. Maryland State Highway Administration’s Access Management policies are focused on improving/managing access control along selected non-freeway state primary highways.

New Travel Patterns for Our Communities - Much has been said about the erosion of our sense of community in modern times. In the transportation planning realm, driving alone and decentralized land use have contributed to this lack of community and added to traffic congestion. To help address this situation, transportation investments should provide multiple options such as walking, bicycle, and transit.

We are encouraging Transit Oriented Design and Traditional Neighborhood Design strategies in an effort to recreate more “livable” and “walkable” communities. The design standard would include sidewalks for pedestrians, appropriate overhead lighting, on-street parking, and techniques to reduce automobile travel speeds. Such policies would concentrate development in centers that can be served by public transit and encourage walking and biking.

February 23, 2000 WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan 4-24 Chapter 4 4.5 Strategies to Manage Our Transportation System

There is also the need to develop the larger fabric of the entire transportation system through land development projects. In other words, the building of streets and sidewalks by developers should be integrated into the transportation system. New streets in new developments should connect one community to the next to avoid unnecessarily long trips and provide more travel options for local residents. Through traffic is to be discouraged by the design of the street and block system within communities.

Intelligent Transportation Systems – There are several elements of Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) that demonstrate how improved technology can help improve our mobility. Many of these elements are just beginning to take shape and have already generated many positive results.

We strongly believe that new technology will improve the efficiency of our transportation system, and have included several of these new technologies in our Plan. These include, among others: electronic toll collection; automated transit fare collection; the development of kiosks for people to access information; traffic signal coordination along important corridors in our region; incident detection and management to improve operations during periods of congestion and incidents; and ramp metering on highly congested corridors in the region. Below are specific details of what we hope to accomplish in the 2025 MTP.

Ø Electronic toll collection using smart-card devices and specialized toll booths are being implemented at the Delaware Memorial Bridge on I-295, the Delaware Toll Plaza on I-95, the I-95 Plaza at Perryville, and the DE 1 toll plaza in Southern New Castle County. Electronic toll collection can both reduce congestion around toll plazas by speeding smart- card holders through and help reduce harmful emissions by decreasing the amount of “stop- and-go” time around toll plazas.

Ø Providing real-time information about travel conditions to allow travelers to make more informed and efficient transportation choices, and to help transportation and public safety officials to quickly respond to incidents. By using radar detection devices, real-time video cameras, roadway sensors, and cellular call-in units on I-95, I-295, and I-495, traffic incidents can be identified quickly, and proper measures can be taken to alleviate congestion. Patrol vehicles could be set aside for use during incidents on these highways. For seasonal congestion mitigation, incident management and detection systems could also be implemented on DE 1 and US 13.

Ø Through the introduction of a “smart card,” transit agencies will be able to create intermodal passenger information systems. This “smart-card” technology would make getting on the bus, purchasing additional rides and transferring routes much more efficient. It would also help the transit agency build a more comprehensive database of transit ridership trends for use in improving the overall system.

Ø With regard to goods and freight movement, automated documentation systems and container identification systems can be implemented to increase the efficiency of transporting goods using ports, rail or trucks.

February 23, 2000 WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan 4-25 Chapter 4 4.5 Strategies to Manage Our Transportation System

Ø The use of advanced sensor networks and transportation management systems will assist in the development and implementation of infrastructure management systems such as bridge, pavement, and routine roadway maintenance.

Ø Creating an Advanced Traffic Management System (in New Castle County) will help squeeze as much capacity from the existing infrastructure as possible. These systems can advise highway operators of the traffic flow consequences of road and bridge closures, enabling more effective management plans to be developed. This reduces our dependence on continuous new construction.

Ø Computerized signal timing coordination will link the signals on major highways through a Traffic Operations Center in New Castle County. Through intersection detection devices, traffic flow can be improved by allotting optimum green time to each approach. When these systems approach the border with Cecil County, it will be important to share information with the Maryland Department of Transportation and the Cecil County 911 Emergency Center. Computerized signal timing coordination needs to specifically address the needs of bicyclists and pedestrians using the system, and consider travel delay caused by lack of crossing times and detection problems.

Ø Ramp metering control devices which control the flow of traffic onto a freeway could be implemented on the on-ramps of I-95 at US 202, DE 141, DE 273, DE 896, and DE 52, and at the intersections of DE 9 and US 13/US 301 with I-295. Ramp metering devices sense flow characteristics in the roadway prior to an on ramp. The ramp signal will remain red – not allowing additional cars onto the expressway – until a gap has been sensed in the traffic flow, at which time the signal turns green.

Congestion Management System and Intersection Improvements – As we continue to address congestion through targeted roadway expansions and the provision of more travel choices, it will also be necessary to widen some intersections to alleviate congestion after we have achieved maximum capacity with ITS applications. Congested intersections are identified in developer traffic impact studies and in corridor studies and documented in WILMAPCO’s Congestion Management System (CMS) report (see Annual Effectiveness Review Supplement for 1998 CMS report).

February 23, 2000 WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan 4-26 Chapter 4 4.5 Strategies to Manage Our Transportation System

4.5.3 Actions Actions to be implemented in the next three years by WILMAPCO and its member agencies as appropriate are:

Responsible Category Action Agency DelDOT, Preservation Continue a Maintenance First Policy MDOT Improve community character in Centers and Communities during the DelDOT, Preservation implementation of preservation and management projects MDOT Fund sweeping of debris so that bicyclists can reduce the frequency DelDOT, Preservation and severity of damage to their vehicles MDOT Help DelDOT develop and implement a Traffic Calming Program for Safety DelDOT Delaware, including New Castle County Request a study of the relationship between speed limits, design speed Safety WILMAPCO and operational speed Safety Develop and implement improvement plans for Route 41 in Hockessin DelDOT Conduct annual review of bicycle and pedestrian crashes to identify Safety WILMAPCO locations with bicycle or pedestrian safety issues Intelligent Continue to implement DelDOT's Integrated Transportation Transportation DelDOT Management Systems Program Systems

Continue the Regional Congestion Management System, including the Congestion monitoring of congestion through the travel demand model, and WILMAPCO intersections through the traffic impact study database

February 23, 2000 WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan 4-27 Chapter 4 4.5 Strategies to Manage Our Transportation System

4.5.4 Investments

Management and Preservation Projects - New Castle County Roadway Management Investments Integrated Transportation Management System (ITMS) Transportation Management Center, Adaptive Signal Systems, "Smart" Communications Systems, Traffic Management, Transit Vehicle Monitoring, Electronic Toll Implementation Roadway Preservation, Pavement Rehabilitation, Pavement Resurfacing Bridge Preservation Environmental Improvements Rail Preservation Transit Vehicle Replacement and Refurbishment Corridor Preservation and Advanced Acquisition of Rights of Way Non-motorized Transportation Projects Safety, Intersection Improvements (See Table 4-3), Transportation Enhancements, and Traffic Calming

Management and Preservation Projects - Cecil County Areawide Bridge Replacement and Rehabilitation Areawide Environmental Projects Areawide Resurfacing Areawide Safety and Spot Improvements Areawide Urban Street Reconstruction Areawide Congestion Management Chesapeake Country Scenic Byway

4.5.5 Progress Indicators

Annual Effectiveness Review Continue to measure the effectiveness of this strategy with measures such as: investments by management and preservation category, accidents and fatalities, congested intersections and projects and other measures.

February 23, 2000 WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan 4-28 Chapter 4 4.5 Strategies to Manage Our Transportation System Figure 4-4 Intelligent Transportation Systems – Coordinated Signals

February 23, 2000 WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan 4-29 Chapter 4 4.5 Strategies to Manage Our Transportation System

Figure 4-5 Intelligent Transportation Systems Map

February 23, 2000 WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan 4-30 Chapter 4 4.6 Strategies to Improve Commerce

4.6 Strategies To Improve Commerce

4.6.1 Description The Plan recognizes that the “timely, efficient, and cost-effective” movement of people and goods is essential for the region to remain competitive. It is also essential to maintain and expand our future transportation system to provide a competitive edge for business and industry. The realization of this Plan would result in a future where our transportation system is an economic development asset.

Three areas the Plan will focus on to improve commerce are economic development, freight movement, and tourism. Commuters and their employers require access to airports, train stations, hotels and offices and therefore, need roads, transit, and other transportation options that are convenient and easy to use. It is also important to have adequate transportation facilities in place surrounding identified potential economic development sites. The availability of a well-functioning transportation system makes this region more desirable in efforts to retain current and future employees and employers.

The Port of Wilmington must have rail and trucking options that allow them to ship out the goods they receive in a timely manner. We envision the Port of Wilmington becoming an intermodal transfer point between ocean shipping and landside rail and trucks. Freight rail transport will use more intermodal containers thus diminishing the growth in truck traffic.

Tourist sites such as the Riverfront Art Center and the Ship’s Tavern district in Wilmington, historic New Castle and Chesapeake City, among others, will be supported by a variety of transportation alternatives and will attract visitors from within our region and beyond. Attractive walkways, improved riverfront connections, easy access to the transit centers and even a trolley will all provide business travelers, residents and tourists visiting our region with improved connections. Getting here by rail, water and road will be easy. Once here, they will be able to go to and from their destinations using a wide range of alternatives.

“Stated land use planning concepts effectively respond to the three major interests of the county residents. Coupled with retention of high-quality jobs and economic growth are open-space preservation and the provision of adequate infrastructure. Development and transportation policy issues within the plan repeatedly review problems and offer strategies and policies related to land use and transportation concepts.” -- Barbara Finch

February 23, 2000 WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan 4-31 Chapter 4 4.6 Strategies to Improve Commerce

4.6.2 Policies

Economic Development – As part of the development of this Plan, research on current and forecasted employment was conducted (see Section 3.1.6, page 3-7). Knowing the location and amount of significant employment and distribution centers is critical to the planning of supportive transportation facilities and services. Economic development activities follow zoning and County Comprehensive plans. We should ensure that county zoning is compatible with available or planned infrastructure. The transportation investments and policies implemented over the coming years will work to support targeted growth by making investments in the Community and Centers investment areas and in designated employment centers outside of the Community and Centers investment areas and by promoting access to all modes at designated employment centers for commuter traffic.

Tourism – A well-managed, intermodal transportation system with the necessary supporting strategies will improve tourism in our region. By increasing transit, improving transit centers and intermodal access centers, and implementing general improvements that enhance our quality of life, we will help to make this region an attractive tourist destination. We can accomplish this using various communication technologies. Personal, portable information devices or kiosk type information points can provide transportation information either before a trip or en-route. They can be used by local tourism-dependent businesses to advertise their services, enabling them to not only reach a wider audience, but also to accurately target information to the customer.

Freight Movement – To achieve the full potential for growth in domestic and international trade, several important transportation improvements must be implemented. Existing problems that impede the overall movement of goods in the region include traffic flow, circulation, and access. Strategies aimed at addressing these problems are: Ø Freight rail line improvements to the Port of Wilmington Ø Programs and tools focused on improving the efficiency and lowering the cost of moving freight by maintaining continuous flow throughout the entire freight transfer Ø Intermodal freight transfer facilities – to allow for more efficient ship-to-truck, truck–to-rail, rail-to-truck or ship-to-rail transfer Ø Rail access to industrial sites Ø Encourage the shifting of goods movement from truck to rail

In addition, we must consider our other goods movement facilities. For example, the movement of goods over land to and from our air facilities merits serious consideration. We must consider the economic importance of these cargo links, the system capacity requirements to efficiently move the cargo volumes, and the quality-of-life effects on adjacent communities.

There is also growing recognition of the importance of efficient transportation to the economy of the area. The ability to bring raw materials swiftly and reliably into the region, combined with systems and infrastructure that ease the flow of finished products out of the region, makes it more attractive to a range of revenue-generating businesses.

February 23, 2000 WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan 4-32 Chapter 4 4.6 Strategies to Improve Commerce

4.6.3 Actions

Actions to be implemented in the next three years by WILMAPCO and its member agencies as appropriate are listed below. The priorities were a result of the Freight Transport and Visitor Travel Programs study adopted by WILMAPCO Council in July 1998.

Responsible Category Action Agency Employment Make multi-modal transportation investments to support current employment and DelDOT, Retention & economic development efforts DTC, MDOT Creation Improve way-finding signage around tourists' and travelers' destinations to provide convenient access to region's many attractions in coordination with Tourism economic development and tourism agencies and chambers of commerce (1st DelDOT, CCo priority)

Expand transit and travel options serving visitors to Wilmington by Amtrak (2nd Tourism priority) DTC

Study the feasibility of operating water taxis at the Christina Riverfront (3rd Tourism priority) Wilmington

Create a "Visitor Travel Services Information Directory" in coordination with economic development and tourism agencies and chambers of commerce (4th Tourism DEDO priority)

Explore the role of tourism in expanding rail service Tourism DEDO, DTC

Conduct cost-benefit analysis of providing service enhancements to the DelDOT, Freight important freight routes (1st priority) MDOT

Create a "Freight Transport Services Information Directory" (2nd priority) Freight DelDOT

Examine the viability of establishing policies for the development of the region's freight-carrying waterways in coordination with the Diamond State Port Freight DelDOT Corporation (3rd priority)

Develop and implement the recommendations of the Delaware Freight and Freight Goods Movement Plan DelDOT

Develop and implement the recommendations of the Delaware State Rail Plan Freight DelDOT

Explore the extension of Track A through Cecil County along the Northeast DelDOT, Freight Corridor right of way. MDOT, CCo

February 23, 2000 WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan 4-33 Chapter 4 4.6 Strategies to Improve Commerce

4.6.4 Investments Road Expansion and Management SR 1 / I-95 Interchange Improvements - 2-lane ramps to & from the south Cherry Lane Widen - ICI to DE 9 - Add 1 lane in each direction plus 1 lane frontage road Churchmans Crossing Plan Doubling DART Bus Service Frequencies MTP New Local Bus Routes: Old Baltimore Pike MTP New Express Bus Routes: Old Baltimore Pike, US 40/US 13 Bus Lane, SR 1 New Local Bus Routes: Newtown Road, US 40/ US 13 New Express Bus Routes: Newtown Road, US 40/ US 13 New Shuttle Bus Service: Prices Corner, Medical Shuttle, University Plaza, MBNA, US 40 Churchmans Road Extension, New 2 Lane Road, SR 4 to SR 2 Ramp from Churchmans Road to NB I-95 Christiana Bypass, New Roadway Connection: SR 273 east of University Plaza north to Road A Transit Supportive Pedestrian Improvements SR 4 / Harmony Road SR 4 / Churchmans Road SR 4 / SR 7 SR 273 / SR 7 SR 7 / SR 4/7 Split (Stanton) Road A / SB SR 1 Ramps (Dual) SR 273 / Harmony Road SR 2 / Harmony Road SR 273 / Chapman Road SR 2 / Churchmans Road Extension SR 2/ SR 7 Rail Projects Wilmington to US 202/SR 141 Rail - Newark to Elkton Porter to Wilmington Wilmington Initiatives Plan Wilmington Transit Connector Transportation Center Phase III King / Orange Transit Corridor Walnut Street Corridor Improvements Water Street Gateway Project 8th Street Environmental Enhancements 9th Street Environmental Enhancements Market Street Retail Corridor Improvements US 202 / 141 Area Widen Tyler McConnel Bridge to 4 Lanes I-95 / US 202 Interchange - Widen NB I-95 off-ramps to 2 lanes New DE 141 Alignment -- Rockland Road to US 202

February 23, 2000 WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan 4-34 Chapter 4 4.6 Strategies to Improve Commerce

4.6.5 Progress Indicators

Annual Effectiveness Review Continue to measure the effectiveness of this strategy with measures such as: employer and employee growth by sector, tourism visitors; freight movement facilities, personal income, tons of freight by mode, ton-mile by mode, percent of freight shipped by truck and other measures.

February 23, 2000 WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan 4-35 Chapter 4 4.6 Strategies to Improve Commerce

Figure 4-6 Regional Facilities Map

February 23, 2000 WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan 4-36 Chapter 4 4.7 2025 MTP Planned Investments

4.7 2025 MTP Planned Investments

On the following pages are listings of the Major Expansion Investments (Table 4-1) and Management and Preservation Investments (Table 4-2) included in the 2025 MTP. These projects, which were submitted by members of the public and our member agencies, have been selected on the basis of technical assessment results discussed in Appendix G. These investments, together with the actions and policies listed previously in this chapter will help us to achieve our goals for the region.

4.7.1 Summary of Planned Investments

Figure 4-7 Funding by Investment Type

66% $3.3B

Expansion & Major Management 34% Minor Management & $1.7B Preservation

The total amount of investment planned for the next 25 years is expected to cost about $5.0 billion. Of that total, about 34%, or $1.7 billion, will be spent on expansion and major management projects while the remainder of funding will be spent on minor management and preservation projects to maintain the infrastructure already in place. Of the $1.7 billion in major projects, 85% of the funding will be directed towards our Center and Community Investment Areas.

Figure 4-8 Expansion and Major Management Investments

Community 76%

Developing Center Rural 11% 9% 5%

February 23, 2000 WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan 4-37 Table 4-1: Expansion and Major Management Projects

In-Service Year:

Emission Expansion and Management Projects -- New Castle County Costs (1999$) 2001-2005 2006-2015 2016-2025 Benefits Newark/Elkton Plan $3,944,000 Subtotal

Make Christina Parkway Consistently 4 Lanes - Add 1 additional lane east of SR 2 $2,500,000 x Improve Elkton Road, New London Road, Main St., Newark Intersection $1,444,000 x Rail Projects $87,400,000 Subtotal Wilmington to US 202/SR 141 $30,000,000 x X Porter to Wilmington $57,400,000 x X Wilmington Initiatives Plan $63,012,000 Subtotal Wilmington Transit Connector $42,000,000 x X Transportation Center Phase III $10,000,000 x X King / Orange Transit Corridor $2,912,000 x X Walnut Street Corridor Improvements $2,000,000 x Water Street Gateway Project $1,500,000 x 8th Street Environmental Enhancements $800,000 x 9th Street Environmental Enhancements $800,000 x Market Street Retail Corridor Improvements $3,000,000 x Southern New Castle County $182,000,000 Subtotal Southern New Castle County Local Roads $65,000,000 x 301 EIS Major Roadway Alternatives: Widen 301+ Boyds Corner Road - Add 1 lane in each direction from MD State Line to be determined, but to Boyds Corner Rd, Possible capacity enhancements of SR 896 between Porter x high cost alternative = Road and Boyds Corner New 4-lane, limited access expressway from MD Line north to Summit, east to SR $117,000,000 1 - with partial interchange at Middletown to and from Middletown, full interchange with SR 896 in Summit, full interchange in Whitehall, partial interchange at SR 1 - to and from the north

February 23, 2000 WILMAPCO's 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan 4-40 Table 4-1: Expansion and Major Management Projects

In-Service Year:

Emission Expansion and Management Projects -- New Castle County Costs (1999$) 2001-2005 2006-2015 2016-2025 Benefits Route 40 Area $326,336,000 Subtotal 301 MIS Base Improvements: TBD

Newtown Road from DE 896 to DE 72 - New 2 Lane Road plus Widen SR 72 - Add x 1 additional lane in each direction from Reybold Road to Old Baltimore Pike $7,439,000 SR 896 Frontage Roads 2-lane, 2-way roadways - Southbound side between Old x Baltimore Pike & Old Route 896, $16,640,000 Widen SR 896 - Add 1 additional lane in each direction from I-95 to Old Baltimore x Pike $14,540,000 Widen SR 1 - Add 1 additional lane in each direction between US 13 and I-95; $20,606,000 x New Roadway from Peoples Plaza across 896 (south of US 40), $2,231,000 x Transit Improvements - New Express Bus Services: Glasgow-Churchmans via US 40, Glasgow-Wilmington via US 40, Middletown-Wilmington, Newark- x X Middletown via Glasgow $5,250,000 Transit Improvements - New Local Bus Services: x X Glasgow-Wilmington, Newark-Wilmington, Churchmans Crossing, Glasgow, Middletown $3,360,000 Bicycle improvements $3,360,000 x X Pedestrian improvements $23,640,000 x X DE 72/I-95 Interchange - Ramps to & from the north $5,170,000 x Route 40 Plan TIP/CIP Improvements: Widen SR 7 - Add 1 additional lane in each direction from US 40 to SR 273 $9,000,000 x Route 7/40 Interchange $39,000,000 x Eden Square Connector $600,000 x Newtown Road Ramps - Full interchange with SR 1 $15,500,000 x Minimum Build Scenario: TBD Intersection improvements at US 40 & Pleasant Valley Road, Glasgow Ave, x Scotland Dr, Wellington Dr, Walther Rd, and Governor's Square Grade separation of US 40 at Conrail Tracks x Transit, Pedestrian and Bicycle Improvements x to be determined, but high Roadway Widening Scenario (Including Access Controls): cost alternative = TBD Widen US 40 one lane in each direction $160,000,000 x Grade separated interchange at: 13/40 x Grade separated interchange at: 72/40 x Grade separated interchange at: 896/40 x x Widen SR 72 - Add 1 additional lane in each direction from US 40 to Reybold Road

February 23, 2000 WILMAPCO's 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan 4-41 Table 4-1: Expansion and Major Management Projects

In-Service Year:

Emission Expansion and Management Projects -- New Castle County Costs (1999$) 2001-2005 2006-2015 2016-2025 Benefits US 202 / 141 Area $165,000,000 Subtotal Widen Tyler McConnel Bridge to 4 Lanes $75,000,000 x I-95 / US 202 Interchange - Widen NB I-95 off-ramps to 2 lanes $10,000,000 x

Blue Ball Area: * SR 141 Relocation - New 4 lane expressway between Rockland Rd & US 202 * Murphy Rd/Children's Way/SR 141 Intersection - New 4-way intersection * US 202 Improvements - Additional turn lanes, acceleration, and deceleration lanes on US 202 from Murphy Rd to I-95 Ramps $80,000,000 x * Foulk Rd Improvements - Relocated Foulk Rd from Weldin Rd to US 202. * Weldin Rd Improvements - Relocated Weldin Rd from golf course entrance to Foulk Rd * Rockland Rd/Augustine Cut-off Improvements - Local connector road between Rockland Rd and Augustine Cut-off, with access from Augustine Cut-off and US 202. * Local Road Improvements - Additional local road connection across US 202, from Rockland Rd/Augustine Cut-off to relocated Weldin Rd. Local road connection (southbound only) from US 202 at Independence Mall entrance to relocated SR 141. City of New Castle $8,885,000 Subtotal Route 9 Reconstruction Rebuild Delaware/Route 9 Intersection $800,000 X Traffic calm/rebuild 7th Street $800,000 X Reconstruct Ferry Cutoff as 4 lanes $4,000,000 X Rebuild 6th/Chestnut/Route 9 Intersection $800,000 X Rebuild 3rd Street/Route 9 Intersection $800,000 X Rebuild Moores Lane/Route 9 Intersection $300,000 X Rebuild 7th/Washington Intersection $800,000 X Bicycles and Trails Designate safe, signed, on-street routes $10,000 X X Rebuild trail to State Route 9 and Dobbinsville $70,000 X X Build East Coast Greenway downtown connection $380,000 X X Parking Expand trailhead parking facility on State Route 9 $75,000 X Improve condition of 3rd Street Parking $50,000 X Expand/optimize existing facilities n/a Construct new distributed lots as needed n/a Develop way-finding program n/a

February 23, 2000 WILMAPCO's 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan 4-42 Table 4-1: Expansion and Major Management Projects

In-Service Year:

Emission Expansion and Management Projects -- New Castle County Costs (1999$) 2001-2005 2006-2015 2016-2025 Benefits Road Expansion and Management $245,630,000 Subtotal I-95 widening (a) - I-295 to SR 1 - Add 1 lane in each direction $45,000,000 x I-95 widening (b) - SR 1 to MD Line - Add 1 lane in each direction $35,000,000 x I-95/DE 141 Interchange $10,130,000 x SR 1 / I-95 Interchange Improvements - 2-lane ramps to & from the south $45,000,000 x SR 1 - Smyrna to Odessa - New 4-lane limited access freeway $39,000,000 x Cherry Lane Widen - ICI to DE 9 - Add 1 lane in each direction plus 1 lane frontage road $3,000,000 x I-95 NB off ramp relocation to EB Chapman Road - New Ramp $15,000,000 x Hockessin Boulevard Plan $8,500,000 x US 13 - Tybouts Corner to Wilmington - Add additional capacity $35,000,000 x DE 141 -- Limit access between DE 2 & DE 34 to create major arterial $10,000,000 x Intersection Management Projects $25,000,000 Subtotal x See Table 4-3 for Details Greenways/Bikeways $5,000,000 Subtotal x C & D Canal Greenway: Delaware City Promenade X Christina River Bikeway X Cooch’s Bridge/Old Baltimore Pike Greenway X East Coast Greenway-New Castle County: PA line-Wilmington-New Castle- X Churchmans Crossing-Newark-DE line Mill Creek/Hockessin Greenway X TBD in Regional Newark Bikeways TBD in Regional Greenways Plan X Greenways Plan Northern Delaware Greenway- Kennett Pike Bikeway X Northern Delaware Greenway-East Link - Cauffeil Connector, Route 202 Pedestrian X Crossing, Wilmington Connection Powder Mill Greenway X Wilmington Bikeways: Urban Environmental Center, Urban Corridor Studies, Baynard Boulevard Connector/Miller Road X SUBTOTAL - New Castle County $1,536,360,000

February 23, 2000 WILMAPCO's 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan 4-43 Chapter 4 4.7 2025 MTP Planned Investments Table 4-2: Minor Management and Preservation Investments

Management and Preservation Projects - New Castle County Costs (1999$) Roadway Management Investments TBD Integrated Transportation Management System (ITMS) Transportation Management Center, Adaptive Signal Systems, "Smart" Communications Systems, Traffic Management, Transit Vehicle Monitoring, Electronic Toll Implementation TBD Roadway Preservation, Pavement Rehabilitation, Pavement Resurfacing TBD Bridge Preservation TBD Environmental Improvements TBD Rail Preservation TBD Transit Vehicle Replacement and Refurbishment TBD Corridor Preservation and Advanced Acquisition of Rights of Way TBD Non-motorized Transportation Projects TBD Safety, Intersection Improvements, Transportation Enhancements, and Traffic Calming TBD SUBTOTAL - New Castle County: $3,200,000,000

Management and Preservation Projects - Cecil County Costs (1999$) Areawide Bridge Replacement and Rehabilitation $18,750,000 Areawide Environmental Projects $6,250,000 Areawide Resurfacing $46,250,000 Areawide Safety and Spot Improvements $17,500,000 Areawide Urban Street Reconstruction $15,625,000 Areawide Congestion Management $25,000,000 Chesapeake Country Scenic Byway $40,000 SUBTOTAL - Cecil County: $129,415,000

GRAND TOTAL - WILMAPCO Region: $3,329,415,000

February 23, 2000 WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan 4-45 Chapter 4 4.7 2025 MTP Planned Investments Table 4-3: Intersections – New Castle County

Table 4-3 lists intersections throughout New Castle County identified as being potentially substandard. New Castle County identified these intersections through a review of traffic impact studies conducted over a number of years for various development proposals throughout the County and/or observations by County staff. The weakness of this approach is that it only looks at selected intersections not at the entire system, and it also presumes that “fixing” these intersections will improve the overall level of service of the system. It its important to use a corridor approach to analyses such as these to that “fixing” one intersection does not result in congestion at another.

In considering how to address these intersections, New Castle County and the State of Delaware Department of Transportation agreed that a more detailed review of the intersections was needed to create a baseline level of service. The baseline would address current traffic levels and could be used to more accurately assess the status of each intersection and the nature of improvements needed, if any. Concurrently with this update of the Metropolitan Transportation Plan (MTP), State of Delaware Department of Transportation undertook such a review, the results of which are noted on Table 4-3. Based on this review, each of the fifty-nine intersections was placed into one of the following categories:

· In the Capital Improvement Program (CIP): These are intersections for which projects are under construction or for which projects have been identified and programmed for planning, design and/or construction. As such, these intersections under construction are considered to be resolved with progress toward actual implementation on those in design and planning being monitored through annual updates to the TIP/CIP.

· Recommended for Maintenance: These are intersections that are operating at a Level of Service D or better due to a recent improvement, or could potentially operate at a Level of Service D or better with proper maintenance. As such, these intersections with current Level of Service acceptable and recent improvements are not considered to be substandard. The State of Delaware Department of Transportation will ensure the proper operation of those possible to maintain current acceptable Level of Service through maintenance activities (e.g., traffic signal phasing and timing changes), with the effectiveness of such activities being monitored through the WILMAPCO Congestion Management System.

· Require Further Study: These are intersections that are operating at a Level of Service E or worse. The Delaware State Department of Transportation is in the process of collecting more detailed information for closer examination of issues at each location. When the analysis for each of these intersections is completed, the County, Delaware State Department of Transportation, and WILMAPCO staff will review them to jointly to determine which need major improvement and should therefore be prioritized for possible improvement. The nature and extent of improvements, if any, will be defined within the context of Strategies for State Policies and Spending, as adopted by the Cabinet Committee on Statewide Planning issues. From this point forward, the identification of potentially substandard intersections will be managed on an annual basis through the WILMAPCO Congestion Management System.

February 23, 2000 WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan 4-46 Table 4-3: Summary of 59 New Castle County Intersections

Baseline LOS Study LOS (HCS) In Current CIP Recommended for Maintenance Requires (CMS) Latest Further On Current 1 County Intersection Location Study Critical Control Under In Design or Recently Current LOS List AM PM AM PM Year (LOS E or Miles Construction Planning Improved Acceptable worse)

B D D D 1999 1 Foulk Rd @ Grubb Rd 1125 1355 X X X

C F E F 1999 2 Marsh Rd (3) @ Grubb Rd 1251 1749 X

F F F F 1995 3 Concord Pk (202) @ Murphy Rd 2047 1872 X X

F F F F 1999 4 Concord Pk (202) @ Foulk Rd/Rockland Rd 2180 1957 X X

A A * B 1999 2 5 Alapocas Dr @ Old County Rd 702 539 X

E D F E 1999 6 Powder Mill Rd (141) @ Rising Sun La 1465 1425 X X

F D F A 1999 7 Powder Mill (141) @ Old Barley Mill Rd 2100 1365 X X

B F F F 1999 8 Kennett Pk (52) @ Rising Sun La 1064 1620 X X

D D F F 1999 9 Augustine Cutoff @ Lovering Ave 1449 1429 X

F D 10 SR 141 @ Barley Mill Rd 1684 1348 X X

F F 11 SR 141 @ Faulkland Rd (34) 3180 2244 X X

A B 2 12 Lancaster Pk (41) @ Brackenville Rd 935 1057 X X

X 13 Limestone Rd (7) @ Valley Rd

E F 1996 X 14 Limestone Rd (7) @ Brackenville Rd

A A E E 1996 2 15 Mill Creek Rd @ Stoney Batter Rd 837 803 X

C E 16 Mill Creek Rd @ McKennans Church Rd 1299 1486 X

F F 17 Kirkwood Hwy (2) @ Limestone Rd (7) 2011 1895 X X

C B F F 1998 18 Paper Mill Rd (72) @ Possum Park Rd (72) 1292 1079 X X

A E D E 1998 19 Elkton Rd (2) @ Christina Pkwy (4) 970 1591 X X

B A C D 1998 20 Elkton Rd (2) @ Otts Chapel Rd 1007 748 X

E E F F 1998 21 Kirkwood Hwy (2) @ Harmony Rd 1483 1537 X X

D D 22 Ogletown Rd (4) @ Harmony Rd 1436 1411 X X X

F E 23 Christiana Rd (273) @ Harmony Rd 1667 1592 X X

24 Stanton-Christiana Rd (7) @ Churchmans Rd (58) X X

E E F F 1999 25 Christiana Rd (273) @ Chapman Rd 1460 1481 X X

D C E D 1997 26 Christiana Bypass (273) @ Old Baltimore Pk 1318 1268 X X

C D C F 1997 27 Christiana Bypass (273) @ East Bear Christiana Rd (7) 1154 1445 X X

February 23, 2000 WILMAPCO's 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan 4-47 Table 4-3: Summary of 59 New Castle County Intersections

Baseline LOS Study LOS (HCS) In Current CIP Recommended for Maintenance Requires (CMS) Latest Further On Current 1 County Intersection Location Study Critical Control Under In Design or Recently Current LOS List AM PM AM PM Year (LOS E or Miles Construction Planning Improved Acceptable worse)

B A C * 3 28 Old Baltimore Pk @ Timberwood/Walther 1049 927 X

D D D D 1998 29 Old Baltimore Pk @ Salem Church Rd 1411 1414 X

D D C F 1998 29 (B) Old Baltimore Pk @ Salem Church Rd 1304 1439 X

F F 30 S. College Ave (896) @ Old Baltimore Pk 2762 2000 X X

C D C C 1998 31 S. College Ave (896) @ Old Coochs Bridge Rd 1218 1447 X X

A A B F 1998 2 32 Pulaski Hwy (US 40) @ Frazer Rd 914 945 X X X

C D F F 1995 33 Pulaski Hwy (US 40) @ Sunset Lake/Wrangle Hill (72) 1159 1341 X X X

B B B D 1997 34 Pulaski Hwy (US 40) @ Salem Church Rd/Porter Rd 1053 1090 X X X

B B B B 1999 35 Bear-Christiana Rd (7) @ Rivers End Dr 1144 1101 X X

A A B B 1999 36 Bear-Christiana Rd (7) @ Newtown Rd 780 814 X X

B D F 1999 1131 1306 * 37 Pulaski Hwy (US 40) @ Bear Christiana Rd (7) X X X

A B F F 1996 4 38 Bear-Corbit Rd (7) @ Red Lion Rd (71) 842 1005 X

B C E D 1995 39 DuPont Hwy (US 13) @ Bear-Tybouts Rd 1069 1300 X X

B A D B 1995 40 DuPont Hwy (US 13) @ Federal School La 1097 941 X X

C C C B 1995 41 DuPont Hwy (US 13) @ Saienni Blvd 1189 1195 X X X

E D C B 1993 42 DuPont Hwy (US 13) @ Llangollen Blvd 1477 1313 X X

D C E C 1997 43 DuPont Hwy (US 13) @ Pulaski Hwy (US 40) 1408 1322 X X RIRO B A 1997 44 Pulaski Hwy (US 40) @ Appleby Rd N/A N/A X X X

C C F F 1997 45 Pulaski Hwy (US 40) @ School Bell Rd 1226 1269 X X X

E F F E 1997 46 DuPont Hwy (US 13) @ Christiana/Frenchtown (273) 1488 1887 X X

C D E F 1997 47 Airport Rd (37) @ Churchmans Rd (58) 1202 1435 X

A A E A 1997 2 48 Commons Blvd (37) @ Airport Rd (37) 860 704 X

B F C F 1997 49 Basin Rd (141) @ Commons Blvd (37) 1185 1726 X X

B A D D 1997 50 New Castle Ave (9) @ Cherry La 1072 895 X X

A A A F 2 51 Cherry La @ Lukens Dr 680 627 X X

A A F F 1998 2 52 Summit Bridge Rd (896) @ Bethel Church Rd 747 548 X X

53 DuPont Hwy (US 13) @ Port Penn Rd X X

February 23, 2000 WILMAPCO's 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan 4-48 Table 4-3: Summary of 59 New Castle County Intersections

Baseline LOS Study LOS (HCS) In Current CIP Recommended for Maintenance Requires (CMS) Latest Further On Current 1 County Intersection Location Study Critical Control Under In Design or Recently Current LOS List AM PM AM PM Year (LOS E or Miles Construction Planning Improved Acceptable worse)

54 DuPont Hwy (US 13) @ Pole Bridge Rd X X

55 DuPont Hwy (US 13) @ Chestnut La X

A A 1999 56 DuPont Hwy (US 13) @ Old State La X

C B 1999 57 DuPont Hwy (US 13) @ Noxontown Rd/Fieldsboro Rd X

C C D B 1998 58 Paper Mill Rd (72) @ Old Paper Mill Rd 1185 1198 X X

D D F F 1998 59 Chapel St @ Cleveland Ave 1450 1395 X X

6 23 10 28 10 35 Footnotes 1 To be addressed in new WILMAPCO / NCC / DOT Process.

2 CMS indicates sufficient lane capacity. Intersection should be investigated for traffic control optimization (ITMS).

3 Intersection #28 - Study LOS (HCS) was computed incorrectly. Correct HCS Analysis yields a LOS of B / B. 4 Intersection #38 - Study LOS (HCS) traffic counts were suspect. Recent counts (12/15/99) were used for CMS calculations, which yielded LOS of A / B.

February 23, 2000 WILMAPCO's 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan 4-49 Supplement S.1 Accomplishments

Supplement – Annual Effectiveness Review

Using information from the last two years of Annual Effectiveness Reviews we have reviewed our accomplishments, our results and trends to gauge our progress since the adoption of the 2020 MTP.

S.1 Accomplishments

We’ve accomplished many things to help steer us in the right direction. This section will highlight some of the projects that have been implemented in our region. These accomplishments are the result of joint efforts by the member agencies of WILMAPCO, working together to achieve the goals of the MTP.

The accomplishments are organized by the five strategies that WILMAPCO has formulated to achieve the goals set out in our 2020 Metropolitan Transportation Plan. The five strategies are:

1. Strategies to Link Transportation and Land Use

2. Strategies to Protect Our Natural Resources

3. Strategies to Improve Mobility

4. Strategies to Manage Our Transportation System

5. Strategies to Improve Commerce in Our Region

The next several pages list the projects we have begun, and in some cases completed, to help implement these strategies.

February 23, 2000 WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan S-1 Supplement S.1 Accomplishments

S.1.1 Linking Land Use and Transportation

The Linking Land Use and Transportation strategy has two major elements: adopting a Transportation Investment Area map and making design changes in land use and transportation codes to improve quality of life.

Ø WILMAPCO adopted the Transportation Investment Areas (TIA) map, which has been revised to better reflect county zoning and state investment strategies. These TIAs define the levels and locations of our intermodal transportation investments, which, in turn, will help influence land use decisions and the pattern of development.

Ø Recommendations were made for revising DelDOT’s Subdivision Street Rules and Regulations.

Ø WILMAPCO developed mobility friendly design standards for Middletown, DE (see left) and Chesapeake City, MD that have been adopted in revised Zoning and Subdivision Codes by both municipalities. Rising Sun, MD is developing revised standards.

Ø New Castle County, Middletown, Cecilton, Chesapeake City, Elkton, North East, Perryville, Port Deposit and Rising Sun have adopted updated Comprehensive Development Plans.

Ø New Castle County has adopted a Unified Development Code consistent with the recommendations of the 2020 Plan.

Ø Cecil County and the State of Maryland have undertaken a Smart Growth initiative, a statewide policy to curb sprawling growth and link transportation and land use.

Ø WILMAPCO instituted a land use design subcommittee to advise the mobility friendly design standards.

“Most of the land use decisions, except for wide-sweeping declarations about management, preservation, and growth, are left to local jurisdictions. But the challenge is there: to coordinate transportation and land use planning so we can effectively preserve the natural resources we have while insuring the most efficient and effective transportation system possible.” -- Anita Puglisi

February 23, 2000 WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan S-2 Supplement S.1 Accomplishments

S.1.2 Protecting Our Natural Resources

This strategy encourages efforts to protect critical natural areas such as wetlands and endangered species habitats, preserve open space, and attain air quality standards. Listed below are some of the accomplishments of the last three years.

Ø Programs have begun, such as the Maryland Smart Growth policy embodied in the Cecil County Comprehensive Development Plan, the new Unified Development Code (UDC) in New Castle County, and programs to purchase or transfer development rights. These programs attest to our region’s commitment to develop public policies to protect our environment.

Ø Several Greenway and Bikeway programs have been established

Ø A Newark bike plan was implemented.

Ø A Wilmington downtown bike/pedestrian plan was developed.

Ø WILMAPCO created its Non-Motorized Transportation Subcommittee (NMTS). The NMTS has worked on a number of transportation enhancement issues and projects, and it provides a forum for greenway and bicycle organizations.

Ø The DelDOT Horticulture Advisory Committee established 16 pilot sites in 1998 to develop landscaping that is more environmentally sound, less costly and more suitable for our roadways than the traditional grassy medians. This will help our highways reestablish the biological heritage of Delaware.

Ø Maryland’s Rural Legacy Program strategically identifies and permanently protects the State’s most valuable remaining farmland and natural resource areas from development. Statewide, $29 million in Rural Legacy grants were awarded in 1998 to preserve an estimated 13,500 acres. Another program, Program Open Space, will protect an additional 2,600 acres.

S.1.3 Improving Mobility

These elements listed below encourage transportation options, promote intermodal centers of commerce and culture, and make our public transportation system more attractive to use.

Ø WILMAPCO has completed the 1997 Regional Congestion Management System Report and included the 1998 Regional Congestion Management System Report in this document as section S.2.3.

February 23, 2000 WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan S-3 Supplement S.1 Accomplishments

Ø The Newark Train Station has been reconstructed and reopened and the SEPTA R2 regional rail service has been extended from Wilmington to Newark.

Ø Wilmington Train Station, now called the Wilmington Transit Center, has broadened its accessibility with well-marked pedestrian crosswalks, convenient parking, designated bus and taxi stop locations and attractive landscaping enhancements.

Ø WILMAPCO completed the Regional Parking and Land Use Study, which has already resulted in a zoning ordinance amendment in Wilmington, changes in Newark parking lot rates, and improved signage in Newark.

Ø WILMAPCO, DelDOT and New Castle County are discussing transit-oriented development code provisions and transit access efforts for our suburban areas.

Ø DART First State has implemented changes in bus service routing and timing.

Ø WILMAPCO completed the Regional Transit Service Needs Analysis.

Ø Over 160 new lane miles have been added to our roadway system, including widening projects, which were underway when we adopted the Plan, such as Naamans Road (DE 92), DE 896, Lancaster Pike (DE48), Limestone Road (DE 7) and DE 273.

Ø Sections of SR 1, between the C & D Canal and Odessa, have been completed.

Ø An interchange improvement project is nearing completion at MD 272 and I-95.

Ø The Churchmans Crossing and Wilmington Studies were adopted by Council.

Ø Improvements to Churchmans Crossing began this year. A new grade separated interchange at Churchman’s Road (DE 58) and DE 7 is under construction.

Ø Christiana Mall established a transit hub, providing connecting shuttles throughout the area. It is fully equipped with a Park and Ride and a shelter.

Wilmington Transit Center

February 23, 2000 WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan S-4 Supplement S.1 Accomplishments

S.1.4 Managing Our Transportation System

These elements highlight our efforts to maintain our existing transportation system, promote new travel patterns for our communities and improve traffic flow through state- of-the-art technology.

Ø We have implemented a maintenance-first policy. More of our resources are now allocated to the maintenance and preservation of our transportation system.

Ø Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) cameras have been installed on I-95. These cameras are monitored to spot accidents and quickly provide emergency assistance, thereby saving lives and reducing traffic backups. Some views are accessible to the public on the Internet, allowing them to adjust their travel patterns based on traffic conditions.

Ø DelDOT has implemented electronic toll collection (E-Z Pass) at the Delaware Toll Plaza on I-95 and on Route 1.

Ø MDOT and Delaware River and Bay Authority will implement electronic toll collection by 2001.

Ø DelDOT has installed computerized, interactive signal systems in Newark and on Kirkwood Highway (DE 2), US 202, and Route 40.

Ø DelDOT established a maintenance hotline for each district in Delaware to allow customers to report road or transit damages, signal problems or missing street signs.

Ø Over $320 Million has been spent since 1995 preserving bridges and roads and making minor improvements.

New E-Z Pass, Electronic Toll Collection

February 23, 2000 WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan S-5 Supplement S.1 Accomplishments

S.1.5 Improving Commerce

Our region contains several diverse groups of businesses that each have their own transportation needs. The elements listed below illustrate how we have encouraged tourism, improved goods movement and simplified business travel.

Ø WILMAPCO created an Economic Development Subcommittee (EDS). The EDS provides a forum for private/public-sector economic development, land use, and transportation agencies and interests.

Ø WILMAPCO and the EDS developed a Freight Transport Program and a Visitor Travel Program and prioritized the recommendations for implementation.

Ø Newark has formed a progressive, public/private partnership called the Downtown Newark Partnership, reflecting its commercial and residential growth.

Ø Elkton created the Elkton Alliance, a progressive, public/private partnership.

Ø Elkton has made “vitalization” plans for its downtown, including mobility-friendly, community-oriented street design.

Ø Delaware City has received funds to design a riverfront promenade and has been approved for funds to conduct a preliminary land use study.

Ø New cold storage facilities have been built at the Port of Wilmington, allowing additional cargo volume. Nearly 5 million tons of refrigerated products, dry bulk goods, petroleum products, steel, lumber and automobiles were moved through the port in 1998.

Ø New Castle County Airport, operated by Delaware River and Bay Authority, implemented a commuter shuttle line to accommodate business travelers.

Ø Wilmington Renaissance Corporation and the Riverfront Development Corporation have effectively used transportation plans and projects to support economic development.

Elkton, Maryland

February 23, 2000 WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan S-6 Supplement S.2 Our Results and Trends

S.2 Our Results and Trends

To begin our MTP Update, we needed to determine what had changed since the adoption of the 2020 MTP. The Annual Effectiveness Review not only illustrates what we have accomplished, it also helps us monitor the region to assess what changes have taken place in population and employment, types of transportation investments, congestion and travel behavior, safety, mode share, air quality and public perceptions. This information was then used to create an updated plan that meets our changing needs.

S.2.1 Population and Employment Growth

Our new demographic projections for population, employment and the number of households showed no significant changes in totals from our 2020 MTP projections. The good news is that the projections indicate that our region is growing and that employment will for the most part keep pace with that growth.

Figure S-1 Changes in Regional Demographic Trends, 1990 to 2020 1993 Projections vs. 1998 Projections

Regional Population to Grow 15% Over Regional Employment to Grow 25 Years 20% Over 25 Years

650,000 400,000

600,000 350,000

550,000 300,000

500,000 250,000 200,000 450,000 1995 2020 1995 2020

1993 Employment 1998 Employment 1993 Population 1998 Population

Regional Households to Grow 32% Over 25 Years

300,000 250,000 200,000 150,000 100,000 1995 2020

1993 Households 1998 Households

Source: WILMAPCO, MD Office of Planning, Demographic Projections, 1998

A majority of the growth experienced in the last ten years has occurred outside of our traditional centers like Wilmington, Newark, and Elkton. More growth has occurred in the southern portions of our region than had been predicted, with little or no growth in

February 23, 2000 WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan S-7 Supplement S.2 Our Results and Trends

Wilmington and its older suburbs. This presents a challenge. In order to maximize the efficiency of our existing transportation infrastructure and preserve our open space and farmland, we must ensure that our region is planning for future growth properly.

Figure S-2, S-3 Regional Population and Employment Growth, 1990 to 1995

Source: DE Population Consortium, MD Office of Planning, WILMAPCO, 1999

Unfortunately, our projections for where this growth will occur, given current trends, are running counter to our goals.

February 23, 2000 WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan S-8 Supplement S.2 Our Results and Trends

Although over half of our growth will, in fact, take place in our Center and Community Investment areas, we see an alarming jump in the percentage increase in population in the outlying Developing and Rural areas.

Ø Our Developing Investment Area is projected to increase by nearly 18,000 people, which represents a 155% increase. Ø Population projected for 2025 in the area south of the canal, in southern New Castle County, will increase from 33,000 to 60,000, an 81% increase in the estimate. Ø Employment centers continue to grow along the I-95 corridor as projected in the MTP, but also show growth in the Route 40 area.

These changes in the projections could have serious consequences in achieving our goals.

Figure S-4 Population Growth by TIA, 1998 to 2025

Source: DE Population Consortium, MD Office of Planning, WILMAPCO, 1999

Ø While the greatest increase in population is projected to occur within our Community Transportation Investment Area, the largest percentage increase in population is projected to occur in the Developing area with an increase of 155%

February 23, 2000 WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan S-9 Supplement S.2 Our Results and Trends

Perhaps the most alarming element of this growth trend is represented in the Projected 2025 Composite Regional Density map. The composite housing unit and employment densities in the Southern Preservation Area will be less than 1.0 per acre, a density far below that needed to be served effectively by transit.

Figure S-5 2025 Regional Density Trend

Source: DE Population Consortium, MD Office of Planning, WILMAPCO, 1999

In other words, all the growth in the outlying areas will be almost solely reliant upon the automobile to get around. Residents of this area will be so far removed from their jobs, shopping, schools and each other that nearly every trip will require a car, resulting in a massive strain on the existing transportation infrastructure. This trend could be mitigated if future growth and development were to be directed to existing communities or concentrated in village-type development.

Another important demographic trend which must be considered is the aging of our population. As housing spreads out in the region and the population ages, the demand for a more varied transportation system will increase. Figure S-6 below shows the trend in aging for our region, with significantly more people in the 45-69 age ranges.

February 23, 2000 WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan S-10 Supplement S.2 Our Results and Trends

Figure S-6 Age Cohorts in 1995 and 2020*

The Aging of Our Population (1995 - 2020)

400,000 350,000 300,000 250,000 1995 200,000 150,000 2020 100,000 50,000 0 >16 (-11%) 16-64 (+19%) 65+ (+22%)

* Percent change between 1995 and 2020 listed in parenthesis Source: Delaware Population Consortium, 1999 Series

S.2.2 Transportation Investments

The 2020 MTP called for a shift in transportation investments from expansion projects towards managing and preserving our existing transportation system. Since 1995 we have seen a steady increase in funding for management and preservation projects, from 38% of the total funding in 1995 to 66% in 1999. As our system ages, more dollars are required to preserve and maintain it. In addition, managing our system to improve the efficiency of our existing infrastructure allows us to handle more traffic without building more roads.

Figure S-7 Investment by Project Type, 1995 - 1999

Funding for Management and Preservation Projects is Increasing

$250,000

$200,000

$150,000

$100,000 x $ 1,000

$50,000

$0 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 Fiscal Year

System Preservation System Management System Expansion

Source: WILMAPCO Transportation Improvement Programs

February 23, 2000 WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan S-11 Supplement S.2 Our Results and Trends

We have taken steps to ensure that priority continues to be given to preserving and managing our system. Elements of the federal transportation legislation, TEA-21, ensure that all other means of handling demands on our transportation system be explored before we resort to expanding our system. In addition, WILMAPCO’s Transportation Improvement Program (TIP) process requires that all proposed new projects be ranked, with priority given to those that preserve or manage the system.

In addition, it is fiscally prudent to invest our transportation dollars in our existing system. Preserving, maintaining and managing what we have is far more cost effective than investing in huge new roadway projects. Although new roads will continue to be built when a clear need is demonstrated, it is not possible to build our way out of congestion.

S.2.3 1998 Congestion Management Report and Travel Behavior Trends

For many people, congestion is the primary indicator of the lack of efficiency of our transportation system. Congestion had decreased slightly, as a result of the completion of several major roadway projects such as Route 273, Route 896 and Naamans Road. However that figure is rising once again. The percent of roadway miles operating at level of service E or F (meaning road capacity is measuring 90% or more of capacity) had dropped from 6.0% in 1993 to 5.11% in 1996. In 1998, the percent is up to 7.5%.

Figure S-8 Percent of Roadways Congested, 1993 and 1998

Traffic Congestion Levels in the WILMAPCO Region* 9.0%

8.0% 7.50%

7.0% 6.0% 6.0%

5.0% 1993 1998 * Congestion defined as percent of roadway lane miles at Level of Service Source: DelDOT and MDOT Travel Demand Model Output, 1999, Not HPMS Adjusted

However, since the development of the 2025 MTP, we have seen both Vehicle Miles Traveled (VMT) and Vehicle Hours Traveled (VHT) increase substantially. The expansion and dispersal of our population means more drivers making more and longer trips.

Ø Between 1993 and 1998, the VMT in New Castle County increased 63% Ø Between 1993 and 1998, the VHT in New Castle County increased 42%

February 23, 2000 WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan S-12 Supplement S.2 Our Results and Trends

Placing more drivers who are making longer trips (average trip length up from 7.4 miles to 8.3 miles) on our existing infrastructure has resulted in the average travel speed dropping from just over 36 mph to 34.7 mph. This, in turn, is partially responsible for the increase in vehicle hours traveled.

Ø Between 1993 and 1998, the average trip length in New Castle County increased 12% Ø Between 1993 and 1998, the average travel speed in New Castle County decreased 2%

While congestion levels (lane miles operating at level of service E or F) did decrease from 6.0% in 1993 to 5.11% in 1996, it is still predicted that, if the plan is not implemented, congestion levels will triple.

Figure S-9

Percentage of Congested Roadway Miles in the WILMAPCO Region 25%

20%

15% Current Congestion 7.5% 10%

5%

0% 1993 1999 2005 2011 2017 2023 Trend Goal Current Congestion

Congestion defined as percent of roadway miles with level of service E of F Source: DelDOT Travel Demand Model, Upper Eastern Shore Model Output, 1993, 1997

Ø If trends continue, the percentage of roadway miles at a level of service E or F will increase to 22.5% Ø Under the WILMAPCO Plan, the percentage will increase to only 14.6%

While it appears that there is good news in terms of congestion, it may be temporary. The newly created capacity on these roadways will soon be filled with people who had previously either taken another route or chosen to ride public transit to avoid the congestion. In the next few years, the region’s congestion levels will most likely be

February 23, 2000 WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan S-13 Supplement S.2 Our Results and Trends

higher than before these expansion projects began. The trend continues to predict that congestion levels will more than triple by 2025.

Many more of us will be spending more time in our cars, making more, longer and slower trips on roadways that are significantly more congested than they are today. This is not the future that will achieve our goals for the region.

In order to determine where transportation investments to address congestion should be made, we will examine maps of current and projected traffic congestion in Figures S-10 and S-11 below. This information was used in the assessment of alternative scenarios in Chapter 3, to help prioritize capital investments in this 2025 MTP.

Figure S-10 Existing Traffic Congestion

February 23, 2000 WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan S-14 Supplement S.2 Our Results and Trends

Figure S-11 2025 Traffic Congestion

The two states’ Travel Demand Models use many different pieces of information about our current transportation system and demographics, as well as historical trends (inputs), and create predictions or projected trends (outputs) that tell us what future travel characteristics we can expect. On nearly every count, the revised trends are worse than what was predicted for the 2020 MTP.

New trends show us nearly doubling our vehicle miles traveled by the year 2025. We will increase our vehicle hours traveled by 49% in part due to our average travel speed dropping from 34.71 mph to 32.55 mph. Since our vehicle miles traveled will increase at a rate that far outstrips our population growth, we can conclude that each of us will be making longer trips if not in miles, then at least in minutes.

Table S-11 Changes in 2025 Trends 1993 1998 2025 Trend Vehicle Miles of Travel (VMT) 10.82 17.69 24.74 Vehicle Hours of Travel (VHT) x1,000 306.11 437.57 653.64 Average Speed (mph) 35.33 34.71 32.55 Average Trip Length (miles) 7.42 8.33 9.14 Source: MTP, MDOT and DelDOT Travel Demand Model Output, 1999, Not HPMS Adjusted

February 23, 2000 WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan S-15 Supplement S.2 Our Results and Trends

S.2.4 Safety

Safety is paramount in the minds of most travelers, be they drivers, passengers, bicyclists or pedestrians. Today, more drivers are making more trips and longer trips. This puts them, and the bicyclists and pedestrians who must share the roads, at greater risk, more often, increasing the probability of an accident. Faster speeds are especially hazardous to pedestrians, whose chances of surviving a crash plunge from 95%, when struck by a vehicle going 20 mph, to only 15%, if that vehicle is going 40 mph.

Figure S-12

Auto Accident Trends in the WILMAPCO Region

20000 100 Fatal Accidents 16000 80 Total Auto 12000 60 Accidents

8000 40 Fatal Accidents 4000 20

Total Auto Accidents 0 0 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997

Figure S-13

Bicycle & Pedestrian Accidents in the WILMAPCO Region

460 60 440 50 Total 420 40 Bike/Ped 400 30 Accidents 380 20 360 10 Fatal Bike/Ped Fatal Accidents Total Accidents 340 0 Accidents 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997

Source: Traffic Control Section of DE State Police, MDOT, 1998

Ø Between 1993 and 1997, the total number of automobile accidents has averaged 14,500 with a slightly increasing trend. Ø Between 1993 and 1997, 11% of all bicycle and pedestrian accidents have been fatal. Ø Since 1993, the number of pedestrian and bicycle related accidents has increased 5%

February 23, 2000 WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan S-16 Supplement S.2 Our Results and Trends

Completion of many of the planned sidewalk and bikeway projects will provide a safer environment for our pedestrians and bicyclists. All new transportation projects, now being planned, will include provisions for pedestrians and bicyclists. This should lead to a decrease in the number of conflicts currently experienced between them and the vehicles sharing our roads.

The condition of our existing infrastructure is also an important safety element. As noted previously, there has been a significant increase in the percent of our transportation investments devoted to maintenance and preservation. One area where this investment has paid off is in the reduction in the number of bridges considered structurally deficient.

Figure S-14

Percentage of Structurally Deficient Bridges 16% 12.7% 14% 12.0% 11.4% 12% 10.7% 11.0% 10% 8% 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997

Source: DelDOT & MDOT, Bridge Inventory Report, 1998

Roadway conditions, on the other hand, have deteriorated somewhat in recent years. This is primarily an indicator of the aging of our roadways, particularly the northern end of I- 95, which is nearly forty years old and has not had a major rehabilitation.

Figure S-15 1998 Roadway Conditions (Miles) 700 600 500 400 599.29 300 422.30 200 100 144.82 0

Good & Excellent Fair Poor

1998 Adjusted assumes that all FY 1998 and FY 1999 pavement projects programmed in the CIP and Bond Bill are completed Source: DelDOT & MDOT, Pavement Inventory, 1998

Ø Although the percentage of roadway miles classified as poor increased between 1996 and 1998, according to projections, once all projects programmed for FY 1999 are

February 23, 2000 WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan S-17 Supplement S.2 Our Results and Trends

completed, over 90% of the roadway miles will be classified as either excellent, good, or fair.

This change in the trend can be attributed to a new approach in which preserving existing infrastructure takes precedence over building new infrastructure.

S.2.5 Mode Share

The primary mobility and quality of life objective of the 2020 MTP was to shift 10% of the trips made by people driving alone in their cars to some other mode of travel. However, in the years since the adoption of the MTP, we have seen the driving alone share increase, while carpooling, transit, walking, and bicycling mode shares have decreased.

Figure S-16 Shift in Mode Share (1995-1997) 3%

1% -0.1% 0.0% -1% 2.7% -0.6% -0.7% -0.8% -3% Drive Carpool Transit Walk Bike Other Alone

Source: DelDOT, Household Travel Survey, 1998

Ø In the period from 1995 to 1997, the share of drive alone trips increased 2.7% while all other modes decreased.

Ironically, although the percentage of travelers using transit has decreased, the number of people using transit increased significantly. This paradox can be explained because, although more people chose to use transit, they did not outweigh the total increase in trip makers, most of whom chose to drive alone.

February 23, 2000 WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan S-18 Supplement S.2 Our Results and Trends

Figure S-17

Percent Change in Transit Ridership (1993-1997) 150% 118% 120% 76% 90% 60% 35% 12% 30% -0.01% 0% DART DAST Blue SEPTA UNICITY Diamond Rail

Source: Delaware Transit Corporation, DAST, UNICITY, 1998

Four of the region’s major public transportation service providers have experienced an increased ridership since 1993, with the Blue Diamond Service having the greatest percentage increase.

As noted above, we have seen a shift in mode share away from our goal. Instead of more people using alternate modes such as carpooling, transit, walking or biking, we are seeing people driving alone more than ever. This trend is largely the by-product of our population moving to areas further and further removed from existing centers of employment and other destinations.

The population dispersal to areas of low housing density means that fewer people have any options other than driving alone. Low densities cannot support transit and make carpooling impractical. Living far from work and other destinations means that trips to these locations are too far to walk or bike to. The only mode that might be supported by living far from work is telecommuting. We do expect to see an increase in this option. However, it is only an option for limited numbers of employees.

Figure S-18

The Drive Alone Mode Share Trend is Going the Wrong Way 90%

80% 82% 67% 69.70% 70%

60% 57% 50% 1993 1998 2020

Trend Goal

Source: DelDOT, MDOT

February 23, 2000 WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan S-19 Supplement S.2 Our Results and Trends

We are making progress in transit by adding bus routes and expanding service, extending commuter rail and adding park and ride lots. However, without a change in the character of our growth, we cannot expect to see people taking advantage of other travel options.

S.2.6 Public Perceptions

It is interesting and important to see how our residents perceive our transportation system. We cannot, of course, predict public opinion and perceptions in the years to come. We do, however, need to gauge opinions over time to monitor trends and help determine areas where we have made progress, or where we need to strengthen our efforts. In 1997 and 1999, WILMAPCO conducted a Public Opinion Survey. Using a telemarketing firm, 400 residents of New Castle County and Cecil County were interviewed. The survey was modified between 1997 and 1999 to reduce the survey length. Below are results from both surveys, segmented in to 3 topics: Transportation Satisfaction, Transportation Effectiveness, and Land Use and Growth.

In 1997, we asked customers how satisfied they were with different aspects of our transportation system.

Figure S-21

Satisfaction with Transportation System in 1997

100%

90%

80%

70%

60%

50%

40%

30%

20%

10%

0% roads and transit bicycle walking highways

Very Well Somewhat Well Not too Well Not at All No Answer Source: WILMAPCO, Public Opinion Survey, 1997

Results: Ø 87% of regional residents are somewhat or very satisfied with the roads and highways. Ø 84% of regional transit users were somewhat or very satisfied with the transit system.

February 23, 2000 WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan S-20 Supplement S.2 Our Results and Trends

Ø 60% of bicyclists felt that the transportation system didn’t meet their needs at all or not too well.

This portion of the survey was not repeated in 1999. The Delaware Department of Transportation now incorporates these questions into their survey.

The next subject we queried them on pertained to our Metropolitan Transportation Plan Strategies. We asked respondents to rank the effectiveness of certain projects that are the cornerstones of our six strategies.

All of the strategies presented were perceived to be very or somewhat effective by 50 percent or more of the respondents. The following chart shows the results of that survey.

Table S-2 Customer’s Views on the Effectiveness of the Plan’s Strategies Very or Somewhat Not Effective or Don't Project Effective Know 1999 1997 1999 1997 Coordinating and better timed traffic 88 86 12 14 signals Designing communities that make it 79 80 21 20 easier to bike or walk around neighborhood Widening existing highways 75 73 25 27 Improving and expanding bus services 72 65 28 35 Developing more park and rides 66 68 34 32 Providing more information to 68 74 32 26 promote transit Providing special lanes on highways 67 60 33 40 for carpools and buses Constructing more sidewalks 58 53 42 47 Expanding passenger railroad services 59 60 41 40 Providing more information to 63 67 37 33 promote carpooling Expanding bicycle networks 56 55 44 45 Building more highways 53 52 47 48

Ø In both surveys, over 85% of residents favor better timing of traffic signals as the most effective way to improve transportation effectiveness. Ø Around 80% of residents would like communities designed for walking with convenient access to stores, schools and services. Ø The least popular solution was to build more highways.

February 23, 2000 WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan S-21 Supplement S.2 Our Results and Trends

Where Should New Development Occur? Next, we asked respondents where they felt new development should occur. Almost half wanted new development targeted to existing communities and growth areas.

Ø 49% of regional residents feel that development should occur in existing towns and villages in designated growth areas. Ø 34% of residents feel that development should not be limited to a certain area. Ø 49% feel there should be no new development, even if it improves the economy. Ø 72% feel we should support farmland and open space through tax incentives.

Unless we make major changes to our predicted trends by implementing all of our actions and changing “business as usual” in this region, we will not be happy with our outcome. Changing perceptions will not only require implementing the actions of the MTP, but will also require educating the public and those who do business in this region.

Until people fully recognize the implications of allowing sprawl to continue unchecked, we will be on the path to a future that none of us want to envision. You have shown us you would like to work together to prevent:

- irreversible environmental damage, - impediments to sound economic growth, - loss of our traditional communities and municipalities, and, - an overall degradation of our quality of life.

The Plan we have worked together to create should have a significant impact on our quality of life into the 21st century.

February 23, 2000 WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan S-22 Appendix A – Transportation Planning Glossary

Access – The facilities and services that make it possible to get to any destination, measured by the availability of physical connections (roads, sidewalks, etc.), travel options, ease of movement, and nearness of destinations.

Amenities - Anything that increases physical or material comfort, such as bus shelters, trees, benches, parks, and schools.

CIP or Capital Improvement Program - The program devised by the state of Delaware to determine and prioritize transportation capital investments. These needs and cost estimates are updated annually in the program. This process is coordinated with WILMAPCO in the development of its TIP, or Transportation Improvement Program.

Clean Air Act and its Amendments - The federal law that requires urban areas with high pollution to modify transportation policies in order to reduce emissions. This law makes air quality a primary concern in transportation decision-making.

Community Streets - Streets that allow access to everyone, but improve the quality of life desired by those who live on these streets. Traffic calming techniques achieve this.

Conformity – An assessment of the compliance of any transportation plan, program, or project with air quality improvement plans. The conformity process is defined by the Clean Air Act.

Consensus – General agreement or accord. A judgement arrived at by most of the people concerned.

CTP or Consolidated Transportation Program – The program devised by the state of Maryland to determine and prioritize transportation capital investments. These needs and cost estimates are updated annually in the program. This process is coordinated with WILMAPCO in the development of its TIP, or Transportation Improvement Program.

Delaware Council on Transportation – Appointed by the Governor and made up of business and community leaders who are interested in transportation subjects and have demonstrated expertise or experience that would help in evaluating relevant issues and programs. It advises DelDOT and the Governor on issues which may aid in providing the best possible transportation services.

Demographic Trends - Trends regarding population, such as size, growth, density, distribution and vital statistics.

WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan A-1

Design Criteria - Criteria used to guide the design of development and transportation projects. Transit-oriented design (TOD) and mobility-friendly design are examples.

Double-stack – Railcar movement of containers stacked two high.

EPA or Environmental Protection Agency – The federal regulatory agency responsible for administrating and enforcing federal environmental laws including the Clean Air Act.

Evaluation Criteria – Factors that help to distinguish the relative value of alternative actions.

FHWA or Federal Highway Administration – The agency of the U. S. Department of Transportation that funds surface transportation planning and programs, primarily highways.

Financial Plan - TEA 21 requires that Plan recommendations are actually affordable. In other words, are we reasonably certain that funding sources will be adequate for implementation?

Functional Classification – A hierarchical system of categorizing streets and roads on the basis of the way they are used, the volumes of traffic they carry, and the way they function within the context of the overall transportation system.

FTA or Federal Transit Administration – An agency of the U.S. Department of Transportation that funds surface transportation planning and programs, primarily transit.

FY or Fiscal Year – WILMAPCO’s yearly accounting period begins July 1 and ends the following June 30. Fiscal years are denoted by the calendar year in which they end. The federal fiscal year is October 1-September 30. The MDOT and DelDOT fiscal year runs concurrent with WILMAPCO’s.

Greenways - Interconnecting paths designed to accommodate bicycle and pedestrian uses. Greenways link our natural areas and make them accessible to our communities. The Lower Susquehanna Greenway, the East Coast Greenway, and the Delaware Coastal Heritage Greenway are examples.

HOV Lanes – High-occupancy vehicle lanes. Lanes on heavily congested roadways that are used exclusively by carpools, vanpools, buses or any vehicle that transports multiple passengers.

Incidents – Accidents and other problems that cause increased congestion on our roads.

Infrastructure - The physical structure of a community, such as roads, sidewalks, sewers, rail lines, and bridges.

WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan A-2

Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) - Technologies that improve the management and efficiency of our transportation system, such as electronic toll collection, timed traffic signals and on-board navigation systems.

Intermodal – The term “mode” refers to and distinguishes the various forms of transportation, such as automobile, transit, ship, bicycling and walking. Intermodal refers specifically to the connections between modes.

ISTEA – The acronym for the federal Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991, landmark legislation that restructured programs for all methods of transportation. Replaced by TEA 21.

Land Use – Activities and structures on the land, such as housing, shopping centers, farms, and office buildings.

Long-Range Plan – A transportation plan covering a time span of 20 or more years.

Metropolitan Planning Organization (MPO) – The organization required by the federal government, designated by states, and operated by local officials for developing transportation programs in urban areas of 50,000 or more people. The MPO for our region is WILMAPCO.

Mobility – The movement of people or goods throughout our communities and across the region. Mobility is measured in terms of travel time, comfort, convenience, safety and cost.

Metropolitan Transportation Plan (MTP)– A blueprint to guide the region’s transportation for the next 25 years. Federal law requires the MTP be updated every three years (in areas that do not meet air quality standards) to ensure that the plan remains current and effective at achieving the goals.

Objective – A measurable indicator of changing conditions that addresses a goal or goals.

PAC or Public Advisory Committee – An advisory committee to the Council that represents a diverse group of organizations. The mission of the PAC is to advise the Council on public participation strategies and to provide a forum for community concerns.

Park-and-Ride – Parking lots in outlying areas for people who use transit, carpools, or vanpools for trips.

Performance Measure -- A means to measure whether an objective has been achieved.

Pipeline Process – Used by DelDOT to keep track of projects and to help move them from idea state to implementation.

WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan A-3

Policy – A guiding principle that drives the achievement of an objective.

SIP or Statewide Implementation Plan – Documents prepared by states and submitted to the EPA for approval, which identify actions and programs to carry out the requirements of the Clean Air Act.

Special Use Lanes – Lanes on heavily congested roadways that are used exclusively by carpools, vanpools, buses or any vehicle that transports multiple passengers; also called High Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) lanes.

Sprawl – Commercial and residential development occurring farther away from traditional communities and towns. Development design usually limits mobility and accessibility to auto use only.

STIP or Statewide Transportation Improvement Program – A multi-year, statewide intermodal program of transportation projects that includes project scheduling and funding information.

Strategy – An action (or set of actions) to achieve an objective.

TAC or Technical Advisory Committee – An advisory committee to the Council that represents federal, state, and local planning agencies in Delaware and Maryland. The TAC is responsible for overseeing the technical work of WILMAPCO staff and developing recommendations to the Council on projects and programs.

TEA 21 – The acronym for the 1998 federal Transportation Equity Act for the 21st Century. Replaced ISTEA, but continued and expanded ISTEA’s restructured programs for all modes of transportation. It provides guidelines to authorize federal funding of transportation projects.

TIP or Transportation Improvement Program – A program that lists all federally funded projects and services in the WILMAPCO region, covering a period of three years. It is developed annually in cooperation with MDOT, DelDOT and affected transit operators.

Traffic Calming Techniques – Design techniques to decrease the speed and volume of vehicle traffic on streets, while still providing vehicle circulation in an area. Techniques include speed bumps, landscaping and roundabouts.

Transit – Passenger service provided to the public along established routes. Paratransit is a variety of smaller, often flexibly scheduled and routed transit services serving the needs of persons that standard transit would serve with difficulty or not at all.

Transit-Oriented Development – Transit-oriented development (TOD) is development characterized by a layout that encourages use of public transit service and walking or

WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan A-4

bicycling instead of automobile use for many trip purposes. Typically, it places higher density development within an easy walking distance of ¼ to ½ mile of a public transit station or stop and is mixed-use, accessible by all other modes. It is compact, pedestrian friendly, and has a transit stop or station as an activity center.

Transportation Investment Areas (TIA) – Areas for future investments in transportation which will match transportation investments to land use needs.

UPWP or Unified Planning Work Program – A plan, developed by WILMAPCO, that guides all transportation planning activities for agencies in the WILMAPCO region.

Vision – a brief description of what we want the region to be for the next generation. A vision statement should be expansive and inspirational.

VMT or Vehicle Miles of Travel – A standard areawide measure of travel activity, calculated by multiplying average trip length by the total number of trips.

Wilmington Area Planning Council (WILMAPCO) – The MPO for Cecil County, Maryland and New Castle County, Delaware. WILMAPCO is responsible for reviewing and approving most federal and state transportation plans and projects.

WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan A-5

Appendix B – Data Summary

Table B-1: Traffic Volumes On the whole, the traffic level increase on the region’s roads during the 1990’s is significantly less than the increase witnessed during the 1980’s.

Table B-2: Transit Ridership DART, SEPTA, DAST, and Blue Diamond services have all seen significant ridership increases since 1993.

Table B-3: Park and Ride Lots According to the data, there are nearly 1,500 more park and ride spaces today than there were in 1993 – a 50% increase in spaces in four years.

Tables B-4 and B-5: Regional Demographic Projections These tables show the largest projected increase in household growth occurring in our multimodal expansion Transportation Investment Area, while the largest percent increase is projected to occur in the preservation TIA. These TIA’s were defined in the 2025 Plan.

Table B-6: Transportation Expenditures by Funding Category This table shows that total funding reflected in our TIP is increasing; Funding for expansion projects is decreasing while funding for management and preservation projects are increasing.

Table B-7: Ownership and Operations of Major Regional Rail Lines

Table B-8: Regional Pedestrian, Bicycle, and Automobile Accidents Most of the results fluctuate year to year, but the number of automobile crashes seems to be following an upward trend.

Table B-9: Regional Travel Characteristics This table shows old and new forecast trends for vehicle miles traveled (VMT), vehicle hours traveled (VHT), average travel speed, and average trip length.

Table B-10: Mode Split This table shows the percentage split of trips by drive alone, carpool, transit, walk, bike, and other.

Table B-11: Roadway Conditions This table shows the percentage of road miles at excellent, good, fair, and poor status for 1996, 1998, and a prediction assuming that all FY 1999 programmed projects will be completed.

Table B-12: Bridge Inventory This table shows the total number and percentage of bridges that are structurally deficient.

WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan B-1

Appendix C - 2020 MTP Action Status

further study Implemented More study Dismissed following Planning Planning complete started Strategies to Link needed

Transportation and Land Use

Actions 1. Adopt Transportation Investment Areas Map 4- currently being revised 2. Establish Transportation Development Incentives Program 4 3. Support revisions to DelDOT’s and MDOT’s Access Management Policy 4 4. Develop Transportation Impact Study Process to replace DelDOT’s 4 5. Establish Metropolitan Transportation Plan Consistency Review Process 4 6. Develop Mobility Friendly Design Manuals for Land Use Agencies 4 MOBILITY FRIENDLY DESIGN STANDARDS MANUAL - 4 Middletown a. Revisions to Middletown Zoning Ordinance. 4 b. Revisions to Middletown Subdivision Regulations 4 c. Revisions to DelDOT Rules and Regulations for Subdivision streets. 4 MOBILITY FRIENDLY DESIGN STANDARDS MANUAL – 4 Chesapeake City MOBILITY FRIENDLY DESIGN STANDARDS MANUAL – Rising Sun 7. Support revisions to DelDOT’s and MDOT’s Highway Design Manuals 4 8. Support revisions to DelDOT’s and Cecil County’s Subdivision Street 4 Design Manuals 9. Conduct Annual Effectiveness Review 4 10. Establish Transportation and Land Use Education Project 4

Suggested actions 1. For major developments outside of the expansion areas, require developers 4 to prepare comprehensive mobility plan and associated financing strategy. 2. Establish a committee of land use planning officials from the member 4 agencies of WILMAPCO to develop community design criteria supporting improved mobility. 3. Develop a purchase and transfer of development rights program. 4 4. Adopt transit overlay districts to promote transit friendly uses and design. 4 5. Determine priority growth areas in comprehensive plans and adopt 4 consistent regulations to promote development in these areas. 6. Coordinate the location of state and local government public facilities and 4 services to support development in designated growth areas. 7. Identify existing areas of compact development that would benefit from 4 transportation investments. 8. Adopt development regulations promoting development in designated areas 4 and supportive of transportation investments. 9. Designate management and preservation areas not intended for major 4 growth in comprehensive land use plans. 10. Identify multi-modal opportunities in development areas and determine 4 supportive land uses, and reflect results in current plans and regulations. 11. Develop prototype plans for developments supportive of multi-modal 4 transportation facilities and services, and assists developers in realizing such developments.

WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan C-1

further study Implemented More study Dismissed following Planning Planning complete started Strategies to Link needed

Transportation and Land Use

12. Identify opportunities for, and initiate, joint development and 4 public/private partnership projects for sites in which significant transportation improvements and programs are planned, including financial assistance where appropriate.

further study Implemented More study Dismissed following Planning Plannin complete started Strategies to Protect needed g

Our Natural Resources

Actions 1. Establish Country Road Classification 4 Country Roads: · Alapocas Dr. - Augustine Cutoff (49) to New Bridge Road/DE 141 (267) 4 · Rockland Rd (232) - New Bridge Rd/DE 141 (267) to DE 100 4 · Mt. Lebanon Rd - Rockland Rd (232) to US 202 4 · Sharpley Rd - Mt. Lebanon Rd to US 202 4 · Black Gate Rd - Rockland Rd to Mt. Lebanon Rd 4 · Rockland Rd (235) – Rockland Rd (232) to DE 100 4 · Thompsons Bridge Rd/DE 92 (225) - DE 100 to US 202 4 · Beaver Valley Rd (221) - DE 92 (225) to DE 52 4 · Forbes Rd (223) – Thompsons Bridge Road to US 202 4 · Ramsey Rd (224) – Brandywine Creek Rd (222) to DE 92 (225) 4 · Brandywine Creek Rd (222) - Smiths Bridge Rd (221) to Ramsey Rd (224) 4 · Adams Dam Rd (233) – Center Meeting Rd (221) to DE 100 4 · Guyencourt Rd (231) - DE 92 to Reading RR Track 4 · Pyles Ford Rd (239) - Center Meeting Rd (221) to DE 82 4 · Twaddell Mill Rd/Owls Nest Rd (234/240) - DE 100 to Mt. Cuba Road 4 · Way Rd (241) - Old Kennett Rd (243) to DE 82 (261) 4 · Campbell Rd (242) - Mt Cuba Rd (242) to DE 82 (261) 4 · Buck Rd (265) - DE 52 to DE 100 4 · Hillside Rd (264) - DE 52 to Centerville Rd (273) 4 · Centerville Rd (273) - DE 82 to DE 48 4 · Rolling Mill Rd - DE 48 to Barley Mill Rd (259) 4 · Barley Mill Rd(259) - DE 141 (271) to Brackenville Rd (274) 4 · Hillside Rd (269) - Mt. Cuba Rd/DE 82 to Campbell Rd/DE 82 4 · Old Kennett Rd (243) - PA line to DE 52 4 · Snuff Mill Rd (247/244) – DE 52 to DE 82 (261) 4 · Center Mill Rd (248/246) - PA line to Ashland School Rd 4 · Nine Gates Rd - Snuff Mill Rd. to PA line 4 · Upper/Lower Snuff Mill Rd - Nine Gates Rd to DE 82 4 · Ashland School Rd (287) - Old Kennett Rd to DE 82 4 · Brackenville Rd (274) - DE 82 to DE 7 4 · Little Baltimore Rd (288) - PA line to DE 7 4 · Benge Rd (253) - DE 82 to PA line 4 · Auburn Mill Rd (252) – Benge Rd (253) to Lee Rd 4 · Lee Rd/Meetinghouse Rd - Auburn Mill Rd (252) to Old Wilmington Rd 4 (275)

WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan C-2

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Our Natural Resources

· Old Public Rd (253) – Benge Rd (253) to Dead end 4 · Old Wilmington Rd (275) - PA line to DE 48 4 · Ramsey Rd (289) - Old Wilmington Rd (275) to Barley Mill Rd (258) 4 · Southwood Rd (286) - PA line to Valley Rd (294) 4 · Valley Rd/Upper Pike Creek Rd (294/295) – DE 41 to Pike Creek Rd (316) 4 · Road 322 – Pike Creek Rd (316) to DE 2 4 · Evanson Rd - Valley Rd (294) to Mill Creek Rd (282) 4 · Mill Creek Rd (282) - Old Lancaster Pike (300) to Stoney Batter Rd (283) 4 · Mendenhall Rd - DE 7 to Mill Creek Rd (282) 4 · Graves Rd (277) - Mill Creek (282) to DE 48 4 · Corner Ketch Hill Rd (324) - Branch Rd (292) to DE 72 4 · Branch Rd (292) - Doe Run Rd (290) to Corner Ketch Rd (324) 4 · Crossan Rd (293) - Doe Run Rd (290) to North Star Rd (294) 4 · Thompson Station Rd (307/53) - Corner Ketch Rd (324) to Paper Mill Rd 4 (DE 72) · Chambers Rock Rd - PA line to Thompson Station Rd (53) 4 · Hopkins Rd/Pleasant Hill Rd (302/301) – DE 896 to Polly Drummond Hill 4 Rd (324) · Fox Den Rd (325) - DE 72(Paper Mill Rd) to Polly Drummond Hill Rd 4 (324) · Old Paper Mill Rd - Paper Mill Rd to Shenandoah Dr. 4 · Appleton Rd (312) - DE 896 to Tweeds Mill Rd (311) 4 · Tweeds Mill Rd/N. College Ave (311) – Appleton Rd (312) to Cleveland 4 Ave · Clarks Corner Rd (378) - US 301/DE 13 to DE 72 4 · Howell School Rd (54) – DE 896 to DE 71 4 · Kirkwood St./ George Rd (409) - DE 71 to US 13/US 301 4 · DE 71 – DE 72 to Chesapeake City Rd (399) 4 · DE 100 - PA line to DE 4 4 · DE 82 – PA line to DE 100 4 · DE 9 – Kent County line to DE 141 4 · Middle Neck Rd - US 301/ DE 299 to Dead end 4 · Blackbird Station - DE 15 to Blackbird Forest Rd (471) 4 · Blackbird Forest Rd (471) - US 13 to Blackbird Greenspring Rd (484) 4 · Blackbird Greenspring Rd (484) – Blackbird Forest Rd (471) to Vandyke - 4 Greenspring Rd (47) · Black Diamond Rd (469) - Blackbird Greenspring Rd (484) to US 13 4 · Clayton/Delaney Rd - DE 15 to Kent County Line, MD 4 · Harvey Straughn Rd (7) - Clayton/Delaney Rd to DE 15 4 · Vandyke –Greenspring Rd - DE 15 to Kent County Line, MD 4 · Coldwell Corner Rd (25) - Kent County Line, MD to US 13 4 · Money Rd (457) - Summit Bridge Rd (14) to Noxontown Mill Rd (38) 4 · Fieldsboro Rd (452) - DE 9 to US 13 4 · Noxontown Mill Rd (38) - Silverlake Rd to US 13 4 · DE 15 – Kent County Line, DE to US 301/DE 896 4 · Duck Creek Rd (486) - Kent County line to Vandyke-Greenspring Rd (487) 4 · Vandyke –Greenspring Rd (487) - Duck Creek Rd (486) to DE 15 4 · Joe Goldsborough Rd (487) - Duck Creek Rd (486) to US 13 4 · Paddock Rd (30) - US 13 to DE 9 4

WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan C-3

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· Walker School Rd (45) - Paddock Rd (30) to DE 9 4 · Gum Bush Rd (51) - Walker School Rd (45) to Anchor Inn Rd 4 · Blackbird Landing Rd (455) - US 13 to Gum Bush Rd (51) 4 · Old State Rd (441) - US 13 to US 13 (in Odessa) 4 · Stump Corners Rd - Old State Rd to DE 9 4 · Dutch Neck Rd (417) - DE 9 to Port Penn Rd (2) · Port Penn Rd (2) - US 301/ US 13 to DE 9 4 · Pole Bridge Rd (420) - Port Penn Rd (2) to US 13 4 · Bayview Rd (423) - US 13 to DE 9 4 · Marl Pit Rd/Armstrong Corner Rd (429) - US 13 to Choptank Rd (435) 4 · Choptank Rd (435) – Bohemia Mill Rd (436) to Bethel Church Rd (433) 4 · Bohemia Mill Rd (436) - Choptank Rd (435) to Old Telegraph Rd (MD) 4 · Churchtown Rd (432) - Old Telegraph Rd to Summit Bridge Rd (14) 4 · Boyds Corner Rd (15) – Summit Bridge Rd (14) to US 13 4 · Bethel Church Rd (433) - Bethel Cemetery/ Old Telegraph Rd to Old 4 Summit Bridge Rd (63) · Old Summit Bridge Road (63) - Bethel Church Rd (433) to Lorewood 4 Grove Rd (412) · Lorewood Grove Rd (412) - Old Summit Bridge Rd (63) to US 13 4

2. Establish Greenway and Class 1 Bikeway Network Program 4 Greenways and Class 1 Bikeways: 4 · DE 7 from Limestone Rd to DE 4 4 · Denny Rd from Frazier Rd (MR 391) to DE 896 4 · Pine Swamp Corner Rd from DE 273 to Churchman Rd 4 · Creek Reach from Red Mill Rd to Clay Creek 4 · DE 4 from Elkton Rd (DE 2) to DE 7 4 · Centre Rd (DE 141) from DE 48 to DE 52 4 · DE 141 from DE 4 to Commons Blvd 4 · DE 7 from MR 336F Rd to Gooding Rd 4 · Susquehanna River Shore from PA Line to Stump Point 4 · Near US 1 From MD 273 to Susquehanna River 4 · North-South Cecil County From PA Line to Bainbridge, MD 4 · Along Old Elk Neck Rd From Elkton to Elk Neck State Park 4 · Near US 40 From Susquehanna River to DE 7 4 · Along the C & D Canal From Kentmore Park to Delaware City, DE 4 · North-South New Castle County from Old Baltimore Pike to Sassafras 4 River · East-West NCC from Appoquinimink River to DE 299/US 301 4 · Near DE 9 from Smyrna River to Brandywine Creek 4 · East Wilmington Loop from Brandywine Creek to Baynard Blvd 4 · Brandywine Creek from Northeast Blvd to New Bridge Rd 4 · US 202 from Augustine Cut Off to New Murphy Rd 4 · Plaza-Church Way from New Murphy Rd to Cranebrook Rd 4 · Local Connection from Brockton Rd to YMCA 4 · Outer NW from Mt. Lebanon Rd to DE 52 4 · Outer North from Rockland Rd to PA Line 4 · Outer NE from I-95 to New Bridge Rd 4

WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan C-4

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· Park Ride from PA Line to Mt. Lebanon Rd 4 · NW NCC from Delcastle Recreation Area to Valley Rd 4 · Along Mill Creek from Mendenhall Mill Rd to Old Lancaster Pike 4 · Along Pike Creek from DE 2 to DE 72 4 · Along Clay Creek from PA Line to University of Delaware 4 · Along Un-named Creek from Possum Park Rd to Paper Mill Rd 4 · Christiana Way from Conrail track to DE 273 4 · Lums Way from Lums Pond State Park to Lakeside at Riversend 4

Class II Bikeways: 4 · Duncan Rd from DE 2 to Mill Creek Rd 4 · Mill Creek Rd from Duncan Rd to DE 7 4 · DE 2 from DE 273 to NCC Border 4 · DE 41 from PA Line to Washington Ave 4 · McKennans Church Rd from DE 41 to DE 7 4 · Milltown Rd from Old Milltown Rd to DE 7 4 · Old Milltown Rd from Milltown Rd to Walaston Rd 4 · Walaston Rd from Old Milltown Rd to DE 2 4 · DE 7 from PA Line to DE 72 4 · Linden Hill Rd from Polly Drummond Hill Rd to DE 7 4 · DE 72 from DE 7 to DE 2 4 · Chapel St. from DE 2/DE 273 to Park Place 4 · Paper Mill Rd from DE 2/DE 273 to DE 72 4 · Pleasant Hill Rd from Polly Drummond Hill Rd to not near any intersection 4 · Polly Drummond Hill Rd from DE 72 to DE 2 4 · DE 896 from PA Line to DE 2 4 · Porter Station Rd from DE 72 to DE 896 4 · DE 41 from Washington Ave to Boxwood Rd 4 · Boxwood Rd from DE 141 to DE 4 4 · Yorklyn Rd from DE 82 to Old Lancaster Pike 4 · DE 896 from US 40 to Porter Station Rd 4 · DE 34 from DE 141 to DE 48 4 · DE 92 from US 202 to Carpenter Rd (200) 4 · Shipley Rd from DE 92 to Weldin Rd 4 · DE 3 from DE 92 to US BR 13 4 · Silverside Rd from US 202 to US 13 Bus. 4 · DE 141 from New Br Rd to Boxwood Rd 4 · DE 2 from DE 273 to Barry St. 4 · Mitch Rd from DE 7 to DE 4 4 · DE 4 from DE 7 to Race St. 4 · DE 7 from New Linden Hill Rd to DE 2 4 · Hillcrest Ave from US 13 Business to Chestnut Ave 4 · Haines Ave from Chestnut Ave to US 13 4 · US 13 from Haines Ave to Paladin Dr. 4 · US 202 from PA Line to Half Acres Dr. 4 · DE 9 from DE 72 to Dutch Neck Rd 4 · Airport Rd from Churchmans Rd to DE 273 4

WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan C-5

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· DE 58 (Churchmans Rd) from DE 4 to DE 273 4 · DE 7 from DE 273 to US 13 4 · US 13/301 from DE 7 to DE 72 4 · DE 72 from DE 9 to DE 2 4 · DE 9 from DE 273 to Terminal Ave 4 · DE 273 from DE 9 to DE 2 4 · DE 273 from N.C. County Border to DE 2/896 4 · Chapman Rd from DE 273 to Salem Church Rd 4 · Salem Church Rd from US 40 to Chapman Rd 4 · Old Baltimore Pike from Salem Church Rd to NCC Border 4 · Otts Chapel Rd from Old Baltimore Pike to DE 2 4 · Pleasant Valley Rd from Old Baltimore Pike to US 40 4 · DE 52 from PA Line to Brecks Lane 4 · DE 92 from DE 100 to US 202 4 · US 13 from PA Border to Kent Co. Border 4 · Commons Blvd from DE 141 to Airport Rd 4 · Airport Rd from Commons Blvd to New Churchmans Rd 4 · DE 141 from Commons Blvd to DE 9 4 · DE 9 from DE 273 to DE 72 4 · Harmony Rd from Ruthar Dr. to Rosewood Dr. 4 · Ruthar Rd from Harmony Rd to Red Mill Rd 4 · Red Mill Rd from Ruthar Dr. to DE 2 4 · Valley Rd from Old Lancaster Pike to DE 7 4 · School Bell Rd from DE 7 to US 40 4 · Clinton St. from Delaware River to Birds Corner Rd 4 · Birds Corner Rd from Clinton St. to Clarks Corner Rd (MR 378) 4 · Clarks Corner Rd (MR 378) from Birds Corner Rd to Main St. 4 · Main St. from Clarks Corner Rd (MR 378) to US 13/301 4 · Kirkwood - St. Georges Rd from US 13/301 to DE 71 4 · Wedgewood Rd from DE 896 to DE 273 4 · US 40 from Pleasant Valley Rd to Frazier Rd (MR 391) 4 · Frazier Rd (MR 391) from US 40 to DE 285 4 · Frenchtown Rd from Frazier Rd (MR 391) to US 40 4 · US 40 from Frenchtown Rd to DE 896 4 · Old County Rd from Frazier Rd (MR 391) to DE 71/896 (Newark Rd) 4 · DE 285 from Frazier Rd (MR 391) to DE 71 4 · DE 71 from DE 7 to DE 896 4 · Howell School Rd from DE 896 to DE 71 4 · Woods Rd from Porter Station Rd to Howell School Rd 4 · DE 896 from DE 71 to Bethel Church Rd 4 · Bethel Church Rd from Unknown Rd to Lorewood Grove Rd 4 · Lorewood Grove Rd from Bethel Church Rd to MR 412A 4 · MR 412A from Lorewood Grove Rd to Hyetts Corner Rd 4 · Hyetts Corner Rd from MR 412A to Jamison Corner Rd 4 · Jamison Corner Rd from Hyetts Corner Rd to DE 896/301 (Boyds Corner 4 Rd) · DE 896/301 (Boyds Corner Rd) from US 301/DE 71 to DE 9 4 · Cedar Lane from DE 896/301 (Boyds Corner Rd) to US 301 4

WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan C-6

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· US 301 from Cedar Lane to US 301/DE 299 4 · US 301/DE 299 from US 301 to DE 15 (Edgar Price Rd) 4 · DE 15 (Edgar Price Rd) from US 301/DE 299 to NCC Border 4 · Dogtown Rd from DE 15 (Edgar Price Rd) to Coldwell Corners Rd 4 · Blackbird Station Rd from Coldwell Corners Rd to Grears Corner Rd 4 · Dexter Corner Rd from Greenspring - Vandyke Rd to Blackbird Station Rd 4 · Greenspring – Vandyke Rd from Kent County Border to Duck Creek Rd 4 · Bunker Hill Rd from Telegraph Rd to Choptank Rd 4 · Bohemia Mill Rd from Telegraph Rd to Choptank Rd 4 · Churchtown Rd from Telegraph Rd to DE 71 4 · Armstrong Corner Rd from Choptank Rd to US 13 4 · DE 299 from US 13 to DE 9 4 · DE 9 from Dutch Neck Rd to Kent County Border 4 · Bayview Rd (MR 4) from DE 1 to DE 9 4 · Bethel Church Rd from MD 286 to Choptank Rd 4 · Old Kennett Rd (243) from DE 52 to PA Line 4 · DE 7 from DE 2 to DE 4 4 · Mill Creek Rd from Old Lancaster Pike to Mendenhall Hill Rd 4 · Appleby Rd from DE 273 to US 40 4

Class III Bikeways: 4 · New Linden Hill Rd (321) from Old Linden Hill Rd (323) to DE 7 4 · White/Salemwoods Way from Salem Church Rd to Salem Church Rd 4 · Regal/Brownleaf Way from Chapman Rd to Harmony Rd 4 · Halstead Rd from Brockton Rd to Foulkstone Rd 4 · Thomas/Orchard/Washington Way from Wilson Rd(210) to Silverside Rd 4 (212) · Murphy Rd from Hurst Rd to US 202 4 · DE 141 (New Murphy Rd) from US 202 to No road intersection 4 · DE 82 from Yorklyn Rd to DE 100 4 · DE 100 from DE 82 to DE 92 (Thompsons Br Rd) 4 · Porter Station Rd from Old Porter Rd to DE 40 4 · Porter Rd from Old Porter Rd to Woods Rd 4 · Mill Creek Rd from Mendenhall Hill Rd to Stoney Batter Rd 4 · DE 141 (New Bridge Rd) from Rockland Rd to New Bridge Rd 4 · New Bridge Rd from DE 141 to Main St. (Wilmington) 4 · Main St. (Wilmington) from New Bridge Rd to Rising Sun Lane 4 · Rising Sun Lane from Main St. (Wilmington) to Westover Rd (DE 52) 4 · Westover Rd (DE 52) from Rising Sun Lane to Brecks Lane 4 · Alapocas Dr. from DE 141 to Augustine Cutoff 4 · Augustine Cutoff from US 202 to Lovering Ave 4 · Kentmere Dr. from Lovering Ave to Foster PL 4 · Kentmere Pkwy from N. Grant Ave to Red Oak Rd 4 · Lovering Ave from Woodlawn Ave to Adams St. 4 · Van Buren St. from US 202 to 34th St. 4 · 19th St. from Rising Sun Lane to Greenhill Ave 4 · 17th St. from Rising Sun Lane to Greenhill Ave 4 · Greenhill Ave from 5th St. to Red Oak Rd 4

WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan C-7

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· 5th St. from Cleveland Ave to Greenhill Ave 4 · DE 100 from DE 48 to Swarthmore Rd 4 · DE 48 from DE 141 to DE 100 4 · Swarthmore Rd from DE 100 to Grove St. 4 · Grove ST. from Swarthmore Rd to 6th St. 4 · 6th St. from Grove St. to Hawley St. 4 · Hawley St. from 6th St. to 7th St. 4 · 7th St. from Hawley St. to Nottingham Rd 4 · Nottingham Rd from 7th St. to 11th St. 4 · 34th St. from Van Buren St. to Monroe St. 4 · Monroe St. from Lea St. to 34th St. 4 · Broom St. from 29th St. to 30th St. 4 · Miller Rd from 30th St. to Tally-Rockwood Rd 4 · W. Matson Run Pkwy from Miller Rd to Lea St. 4 · Lea St. from Miller Rd to US 13 4 · Rockwood Rd from Miller Rd to Washington St. 4 · Talley Rd from Miller Rd to I-95 4 · Washington St. from 13th St. to Shipley Rd 4 · US 13 from DE 52 to Lea St. 4 · DE 52 (10th St.) from US 13 to Lombard St. 4 · DE 52 (11th St.) from US 13 to Pine St. 4 · Pine St. from DE 52 to DE 9 (4th St.) 4 · Lombard St. from DE 52 (10th St.) to DE 9 (4th St.) 4 · DE 9 from Lombard St. to US 13 (Spruce St.) 4 · US 13/DE 9 from US 13 (Spruce St.) to Lobdell St. 4 · US 13 from Lombard St. to Rogers Rd 4 · DE 9 from Lombard St. to Terminal Ave 4 · Baynard Blvd from Broom St. to Washington St. 4 · 11th St. from Greenhill Ave to Bancroft Pkwy 4 · Fairfield PL from Bancroft Pkwy to Bancroft Pkwy 4 · Highland PL from Bancroft Pkwy to Bancroft Pkwy 4 · Bancroft Pkwy from 9th St. to Kentmere Pkwy 4 · 9th St. from Bancroft Pkwy to Pine St. 4 · 8th St. from Bancroft Pkwy to DE 2 4 · DE 2 from 8th St. to 10th St. 4 · Bancroft Pkwy from 8th St. to Sycamore St. 4 · DE 48 from Bancroft Pkwy to Bancroft Pkwy 4 · Gilles St. from Bancroft Pkwy to Bancroft Pkwy 4 · Linden St. from Bancroft Pkwy to Bancroft Pkwy 4 · Sycamore St. from Bancroft Pkwy to DE 2 4 · DE 2 from 2nd St. to Barry St. 4 · 2nd St. from Bancroft Pkwy to DE 2 4 · 10th St. from DE 2 to West St. 4 · West St. from 8th St. to S. Park Dr. 4 · 8th St. from West St. to Pine St. 4 · US BR 13 (Market St.) from 7th St. to 10th St. 4 · US BR 13 (Walnut St.) from 8th St. to 9th St. 4

WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan C-8

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· French St. from 13th St. to 8th St. 4 · King St. from 13th St. to 16th St. 4 · 13th St. from Washington St. to French St. 4 · 14th St. from Washington St. to West St. 4 · Park Dr. from Van Buren St. to Hutton St. 4 · Adams St. from Lovering Ave to Park Dr. 4 · Rodney St. from Lovering Ave to Gilpin Ave 4 · Gilpin Ave from Rodney St. to Clayton St. 4 · Clayton St. from Linden St. to Gilpin Ave 4 · Linden St. from Clayton St. to Broom St. 4 · Broom St. from Lovering Ave to DE 4 4 · Van Buren St. from Park PL to Park Dr. 4 · Van Buren St. from DE 4 to 10th St. 4 · DE 4 from Oak St. to Van Buren St. 4 · Oak St. from DE 4 to Coleman St. 4 · Wright St. from Oak St. to Stroud St. 4 · Stroud St. from Wright St. to Coleman St. 4 · Coleman St. from 5th St. to Stroud St. 4 · 5th St. from Coleman St. to Duncan Rd 4 · Duncan Rd from 5th St. to Homestead Rd 4 · Homestead Rd from Duncan Rd to Bonwood Rd 4 · Bonwood Rd from Alban Dr. to Homestead Rd 4 · Alban Dr. from Bonwood Rd to DE 4 4 · DE 4 from Race St. to Broom St. 4 · Red Oak Rd from Greenhill Rd to Woodlawn Ave 4 · Woodlawn Ave from DE 2 to not near any intersection 4 · Cleveland Ave from DE 896 to DE 2 4 · DE 2 from DE 896 to DE 273 4 · Church Lane from Cleveland Ave to DE 2 4 · DE 896 from DE 2 to Chestnut Hill Rd 4 · Delaware Ave from DE 2 to DE 72 4 · Park Place from DE 2 to Chapel St. 4 · Greers Corner Rd from Blackbird Station Rd to Dexter Corner Rd 4 · Bethel Church Rd (MR 433) from Choptank Rd (MR 435) to DE 71/896 4 Summit Hill Rd · Choptank Rd (MR 435) from Bethel Church Rd (MR 433) to Bunker Hill 4 Rd (MR 437) · Bunker Hill Rd (MR 437) from Choptank Rd (MR 435) to DE 299/Main St. 4 (Middletown) · DE 299/Main St. (Middletown) from Bunker Hill Rd (MR 437) to Summit 4 Bridge Rd · Summit Bridge Rd from DE 299/Main St. (Middletown) to Green Giant Rd 4 · Green Giant Rd from Summit Bridge Rd to Wigins Mill Rd 4 · Wigins Mill Rd from Green Giant Rd to Pine Tree Rd 4 · Clayton-Greenspring Rd from Kent County Border to Vandyke - 4 Greenspring Rd · Vandyke - Greenspring Rd from Clayton-Greenspring Rd to Massey Church 4 Rd

WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan C-9

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· Massey Church Rd from Vandyke - Greenspring Rd to Blackbird Station 4 Rd · Blackbird Station Rd from Massey Church Rd to Grears Corner Rd 4 · Dexter Corner Rd from Grears Corner Rd to Main St. (Townsend) 4 · Commerce St. from Dexter Corner Rd to Main St. (Townsend) 4 · Main St. (Townsend) from Commerce St. to Wiggins Mill Rd 4 · Hopkins Rd from DE 896 to Thompsons Station Rd 4 · Pleasant Hill Rd from Thompsons Station Rd to not near any intersection 4 · MD 281 from MD 213 to NCC Border 4 · MD 279 from NCC Border to MD 213 4 · MD 213 from PA Line to MD 285 4

3. Conduct Annual Effectiveness Review 4 4. Establish Alternative Modes Incentives 4 5. Establish Resources Protection Public Education Project 4

Suggested Actions 1. Recognize transportation policies for rural areas in local plans and 4 regulations. 2. Adopt regulations to establish view sheds along significant rural roads to 4 prevent incompatible development. 3. Revise land use plans and regulations as necessary to reflect 4 determinations of land uses appropriate to transportation facilities and services in rural areas.

further study Implemented More study Dismissed following Planning Planning complete started needed Strategies to Improve Mobility

Actions 1. Expand Regional Transit and Ridesharing Information System 4 2. Incorporate On-Going Studies 4 3. Conduct Feasibility Study of Bus-Only Lane System 4 · US 40/13 new lane from MD line to I-295 4 · US 13 BR new lane from I-295 to 4th St. Wilmington 4 4. Create Park-and-Ride Program 4 · DE 261 and US 202 intersection · I-95/MD 272 · DE 896 at PA line · MD 279 and I-95 interchange 4 · DE 41 at PA line · New Castle County Airport · Newark Train Station · Churchman’s Crossing Train Station · DE 273/DE 7 near Old Baltimore Pike

WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan C-10

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· Newport, North of I-95/I-295 interchange · Middletown Train Station · SE corner of DE 896/US 40 Bus Center Intermodal Centers of Commerce and Culture: 4 · Wilmington Train Station · Wilmington CBD · Wilmington, NW of CBD · New Castle · Delaware City · Middletown Train Station · Newark Train Station · Newark CBD · Elkton · North East · Perryville Train Station · Port Deposit · Churchman’s Crossing 5. Create Bicycle Lockers Program 4 6. Revise Bicycle Network Standards 4 7. Designate Bicycle Network 4 8. Conduct Feasibility Study of High Occupancy Vehicle Lane 4 · I-95 new lane from I-495 interchange to MD line 4 · I-495 from PA line to I-95 interchange 4 · I-95 new lane from MD 272 to DE line 4 9. Implement Sidewalk Project 4 10. Develop Priority Vehicle By-Pass Program 4 11. Establish Intersection Program 4 12. Roadway Widening and Improvements 4 · DE 58 from DE 273 to DE 7 – new lanes, median and widen shoulders 4 · Red Mill Rd. from DE 2 to DE 4 – median and widen shoulder and realign intersection · US 202 from PA line to I-95/US 202 interchange – widen shoulders · 12th St. connector, from US 13 to I-495 – median, widen shoulders to 4 create Blvd. · Terminal Thoroughfare Rd. from I-495 to Port of Wilmington – new lanes, widen shoulders · I-95 from DE line to MD 272 – new lanes 4 · US 40 WB from DE 1 to Walther Rd. – new lane WB 4 · US 40 EB from West of Governor Square to DE 1 – new lane EB 4 · DE 7 bridge over US 40 4 13. New Roadway Construction · Churchmans Road Extension from Kirkwood Highway to DE 4 – divided 4 facility with 2 lanes each direction · DE 1 from DE 1 SB to DE 71 – new 1 lane ramp 4 · DE 1 from DE 1 SB to Newtowne Rd. – new 1 lane ramp 4 · Newtowne Rd. from DE 7 to DE 1 ramps 4

WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan C-11

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· Glendale Connector from DE 1 to Glendale Square – 2 12’ lanes in each 4 direction w/ shoulders · Songsmith Connection from DE 7 to US 40 – 2 12’ lanes in each direction 4 w/ shoulders 14. Complete CIP/CTP Projects · 13th Street - Wilmington - Pedestrian and Street Improvements 4 · Bridge 135 - Barley Mill Road Over Red Clay Creek 4 · Bridge 224 - Fox Den Road 4 · Bridge 229 - Old Possum Park Road over Middle Run 4 · Bridge 235 - Old Capitol Trail over Mill Creek 4 · Bridge 255 & Bridge 647 on SR 273 near AMTRAK 4 · Bridge 257 - SR 7 over Christina River 4 · Bridge 322 - Elkton Road over Christina River 4 · Bridge 351 - SR896 over Muddy Run 4 · Bridge 394S - US 13 over Drawyer's Creek 4 · Bridge 424 - Wiggin's Mill Pond 4 · Bridge 43 - Weldin Road 4 · Bridge 435 - Morris Road 4 · Bridge 445 - SR 9 over hangman's Run 4 · Bridge 456 - Walker School Road 4 · Bridge 499 - Elsmere 4 · Bridge 550 - Philadelphia Pike over Shellpot Creek 4 · Bridge 681 - SR 9, New Castle 4 · Bridge 69 on Rockland Road over Wilson Run 4 · Bridge 698 - Van Buren Street Bridge, Wilmington 4 · Bridge 716,716A,717 - I-95 over SR 7 4 · Bridge 756 - 11th Street over I-95 4 · Bridge 76 - Montchanin Road over Small Creek 4 · Bridge 78 - Montchanin Road 4 · BR 781 on I-95 NB over Silverside Road 4 · BR 800 on I-495 SB over I-95 NB 4 · BR 806, 807 and 808 over I-495 4 · Bridge 813 - I-495 4 · Bridge Scour Evaluation 4 · DTC-Downtown 4 · Ebeneezer Church Road 4 · Electronic Tolling Implementation in Delaware 4 · Faulkland Rd 4 · Fish Diversion Passages – various SHA Structures 4 · Foulk/Silverside Intersection 4 · Henderson Road 4 · I-95/202 Ramp 4 · I-95 Ramp at Marsh Road 4 · I-95 From SR896 to I-495 4 · I-95 Toll Plaza 4 · I-95 Viaduct Painting 4 · New London Rd 4

WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan C-12

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· Newark Pedestrian Enhancements 4 · Newark Signal System 4 · Old Baltimore Pike - MD Line to SR 896 4 · Old Baltimore Pike Corridor, SR 896 to SR 273 4 · Old Coach Rd, Henderson Road (N316) and Pike Creek Road Intersection 4 · Old Wilmington Road 4 · Pedestrian Bridge over Brandywine Creek 4 · Port of Wilmington Freight Rail Improvements 4 · Rail Preservation 4 · Riverview Plaza 4 · Rockland Rd/Mt Lebanon Rd Intersection Improvements 4 · SR 48, Lancaster Pike, SR 141 to SR 41 4 · SR 82 Safety Improvements 4 · SR 141, Kennett Pike (SR 52) to US 202 4 · SR 273 Newark to I-95 4 · SR 896, North of US40 to I-95 4 · SR 9 Slope Stabalization 4 · Terminal Ave Improvements 4 · Transit Emergency Generators 4 · Transit Facility Renovation 4 · Transit Passenger Facilities 4 · Transit- Security Equipment 4 · Transit-Technology Equipment 4 · Valley Rd - SR 7 to Evanson Road 4 · Variable Message Signs 4 · Wyoming Rd. Ext - Library Ave to Marrows Rd. 4 15. Conduct Annual Effectiveness Review 4 16. Conduct Evaluation of New Regional Passenger Rail 4 · SEPTA from Wilmington to Newark 4 · New Rail Line from Wilmington to Dover 4 New Transit Centers (train/bus) 4 · Newark Train Station 4 · Churchman’s Crossing Train Station 4 · Iron Interlocking Train Station 4 · Newport Train Station 4 · Porter Train Station 4 · SE Corner of DE 896 and US 40 Bus Center 4 17. Establish Existing Bus Services Expansion Program 4 · Double frequencies of express bus from Dover to Wilmington 4 · Double frequencies of DART and DAST routes 4 · Modify DART Rt. 20 from DE 41/141 interchange NB onto Yorklyn Rd. onto Old Wilmington Road, onto DE 41 · Modify DART Rt. 19 from DE 4 to DE 2 and from New Linden Rd. to PA line · Modify DART Rt. 5 from Newark to Wilmington on DE 4 4 · Jitney/Circulator in NW Wilmington CBD 4 · Jitney/Circulator, Newark, Counter-clockwise Unicity Service 4

WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan C-13

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18. Establish New Bus Services Program · Express Bus from Dover to Newark 4 · Express Bus on DE 41 from PA line to DE 141/41 interchange 4 · Express Bus on DE 52 from PA line to Wilmington 4 · Express Bus on DE 202 from PA line to US 202/I-95 interchange 4 · Express Bus on DE 896 from PA line to DE 896/273 interchange 4 · Express Bus on Elkton Road/MD279 from DE 896/273 intersection to MD 4 279/213 intersection · Express Bus on MD 281/Old Baltimore Pike from US 40 in Elkton to DE 4 7 · Express Bus on US 40 from Harford County line to US 40 and US 4 13/40/301 · Express Bus on US 40/US 13 from Harford County line to 4th St. 4 Wilmington · Bus on DE 141 from DE 48 SB to DE 273 to DE 37 to DE 141 4 · Bus on DE 1 NB from US 40 to DE 7 WB to Churchman’s Crossing Rail 4 Station to DE 273 SB to Baltimore Pike WB to DE 896 SB to US 40 EB · Bus on Salem Church Rd. NB from US 40 to Old Baltimore Pike to DE 4 896 NB to E. Main St., Newark to DE 72 SB to Delaware Ave., Newark to DE 896 SB to US 40 EB to DE 72 · Bus on DE 72 NB from US 40 to Old Baltimore Pike to DE 896 NB to E. 4 Main St., Newark to DE 72 SB to Delaware Ave., Newark to DE 896 SB to Porter Rd. to Salem Church Rd. to US 40 SB to DE 896 · Bus on Old Baltimore Pike/MD 281 WB from DE 7 to US 40, Elkton 4 · Bus on DE 2/MD 279 from Main St., Newark to Elkton to North St. to MD 4 545 to MD 213 to MD 7 to Howard St. to MD 7 · Bus on DE 72 from DE 7 WB to Polly Drummond Hill Rd. SB to DE 4 EB 4 to Harmony Rd. to DE 2 to Polly Drummond Hill Rd. · Jitney/Circulator in Middletown/Odessa to DE 71/US 301, DE 299, DE 1, 4 Noxtown Mills Rd. · Jitney/Circulator in Churchman’s Crossing 4 19. Create Bus Shelter Project 4 20. Customer/Public Participation 4 21. Establish Accessibility/Mobility Incentives 4

Suggested Actions 1. Adopt development regulations and guidelines that promote development 4 and use of transit, bicycle, and pedestrian facilities. 2. Create programs to retrofit existing developed areas to promote transit, 4 bicycle and pedestrian travel. 3. Coordinate with other state and local government agencies to create 4 regional transit, bicycle and pedestrian pathway systems. 4. The location and design of new public facilities and services should 4 promote transit, bicycle, and pedestrian usage, including the participation in provision of these services. 5. Establish workable performance thresholds for land use and development in 4 relation to planned transportation facilities and services. 6. Sponsor educational programs to inform the public about expanding multi- 4 transportation and land use choices.

Study Recommendations CHURCHMANS CROSSING

WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan C-14

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Multi-Modal Transportation Improvements Enhanced Transit Service 1. Doubling DART Bus Service Frequencies 4 2. MTP New Local bus Routes 4 3. MTP New Express Bus Routes 4 4. Churchman’s Crossing Commuter Rail Station 4 5. Park-and-Ride lots 4 6. New Local Bus Routes 4 7. New Express Bus 4 8. Shuttle Route System 4 9. Transit-Supportive Pedestrian Improvements 4 Travel Demand Management (TDM) Measures System Management 1. Transportation Management Center 4 - Incident Management - Variable Message Signs 2. Enhanced Traffic Signals 4 3. Transit Oriented Development 4 4. Ramp Metering 4 5. Congestion Pricing 4 Traveler Information 1. Transit Schedule at Workplace 4 2. Telephone Service 4 3. Public Timetable at Bus Stops 4 - GPS Equipped Buses 4. Travel Advisory Radio 4 5. On-Line Service 4 Commuter Service 1. Transportation Coordinators 4 2. Guaranteed Ride Home Program 4 3. Ride Share Matching Service 4 4. Electronic Payment Systems 4 5. Intermodal Fare Integration 4 6. Vanpool Service 4 7. Transit Retail Services 4 8. Transit Pass 4 Alternative Work Schedule 1. Telecommuting 4 2. Flexible Work Hours 4 3. Compressed Work Week 4 4. Staggered Work Hours 4 Parking Management 1. Preferential Parking 4 2. Parking Pricing 4 Intersection Improvements 1. SR 4/Harmony Road 4 2. SR 4/Churchman’s Road 4 3. SR 4/SR 7 Christiana Center 4 4. SR 273/SR 7 4

WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan C-15

further study Implemented More study Dismissed following Planning Planning complete started needed Strategies to Improve Mobility

5. SR 7/SR 4/7 Split (Stanton) 4 6. Road A/South Bound SR 1 Ramps (Dual) 4 7. SR 7 /Churchman’s Road/South bound SR 7 Ramps 8. SR 2/Churchman’s Road Extended 4 9. SR 2/SR 7 4 New Roadway Connections 1. Churchman’s Road Extension, SR 4 to SR 2 4 2. Ramp from Churchman’s Road to North Bound I-95 4 3. Christiana Bypass, I-95 to Road A 4 4. Newtowne Road Extensions - SR 7 to SR 1, Including North Serving 4 Ramps 5. SR 7/SR 58 Interchange 4

Land Use and Development Recommendations 1. Implement new processes and procedures to re-establish a balance between 4 transportation capacity and development. 2. Reinforce established growth areas and better contain growth 4 3. Provide for a new zoning classification of transit overlay district 4 4. Recognize and confirm the basic office and commercial land use patterns 4 of the Churchman’s Crossing area. 5. Provide opportunities for improved residential land use patterns 4 6. Provide tighter links to the DelDOT CIP 4 7. Enact sunsetting provisions to place time limits on all recorded plans 4 8. Enhance agreements for traffic mitigation 4 9. Improve monitoring of development status and congestion trends 4 10. Adopt design guidelines for the Churchman’s Crossing area 4 11. Apply the transit overlay district zoning to sites in the vicinity of the 4 planned commuter rail station.

Related Regional Projects 1. I-95 HOV lane (not barrier separated) 4 2. SR 1/I-95 Interchange Improvements 4

DOWNTOWN WILMINGTON CIRCULATION STUDY 4 MLK Boulevard North/South Connections and Related Improvements 4 1. 100 block of North Madison Street Improvements 2. West Street/MLK Boulevard Connection 3. Tatnall Street/MLK Boulevard Connection 4. Orange Street/MLK Boulevard Connection 5. Shipley Street/MLK Boulevard Connection 6. Lower Market Street/MLK Boulevard Connection and Improvements Delaware Avenue/Washington Street Area Gateway Improvements 4 1. Delaware Avenue/I-95 gateway Pedestrian Improvements 2. Washington Street Gateway Improvements 3. Extend Two-way Circulation on 10th Street 4. Extend Two-way circulation on Delaware Avenue 5. Upper Market Street Improvements Fare Free Zone 4 1. Evaluate Operational and Cost Implications

WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan C-16

further study Implemented More study Dismissed following Planning Planning complete started needed Strategies to Improve Mobility

Transit Corridor Improvements – King and Orange Streets 4 1. King Street Cartway Modifications and Environmental Enhancements 2. Orange Street Transit and Pedestrian Enhancements Fourth Street Transit and Pedestrian Enhancements (Jackson to Walnut Streets) Christina Riverwalk – Phase II 4 1. Extend Phase I east to Christina Park and west to the Frawley Stadium area. Walnut Street Gateway Improvements 4 1. Cartway Modifications and Environmental Enhancements 2. Upper Walnut Street Traffic Calming Street Directional Change – 5th, 6th and Windsor Streets 4 1. Fifth and Sixth Streets 2. Windsor Street Proposed Bike Routes and Related Improvements 4 1. Brandywine South Bike Route 2. Brandywine North Bike Route 3. Incorporate Bike Racks in Downtown 8th and 9th Street Corridor Enhancements 4 1. Ninth Street Pedestrian Enhancements 2. Eight Street Pedestrian Enhancements Market Street Study 4 1. Evaluate access, parking, vehicular and pedestrian needs

NEWARK/ELKTON INTERMODAL TRANSPORTATION SHORT- TERM ACTION PLAN Congestion Strategies A. Provide geometric Improvements at Deer Park intersection including 2-way operations of New London Rd. and Elkton Rd. B. Provide a fully actuated computer linked network of traffic signals C. Make Christina Parkway consistently 4 lanes Truck Strategies D. Designate truck routes to minimize trucks on Main Street E. Divert truck traffic onto Elkton Road and Christina Parkway F. Build a truck scale as a weigh-in-motion (WIM) station on DE 896 south of the state line Transit Strategies G. Express bus service between Newark and Elkton H. “Counter-clockwise” bus service along Unicity and Univ. of Delaware Shuttle routes Park ‘n Ride Strategies I. Lot at the Suburban Plaza Shopping Center J. Lot at the Delaware Technology Park K. Lot on the SW corner of Country Club Drive and New London Road L. Devise ways to keep university students from monopolizing park ‘n ride lots in the future Bike/Ped Strategies M. Improve signalization and marking/striping for pedestrians and cyclists N. Provide better maintenance for bike paths

WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan C-17

further study Implemented More study Dismissed following Planning Planning complete started needed Strategies to Improve Mobility

O. Provide bike safety programs P. Improve bike facility along S. College Ave Q. Improve connections to shopping for more pedestrian, bicyclists, and park’n ride commuters R. Install traffic signal at Casho Mill & Elkton Rd. S. Install bike racks on buses T. Install ped signal at Casho Mill Rd. underpass REGIONAL PARKING & LAND USE STUDY 4 On-Street Parking Strategies Wilmington CBD 1. Increase time limit for short-term (15 min.) meters. 2. Short-term meters around retail; 2-hr. meters on peripheral streets 3. Increase enforcement to prevent feeding meters. 4. Debit card meters 4 5. Enforcement in close-in neighborhoods 6. Change residential permits program stickers. Wilmington Special Neighborhoods 1. Provide off-street parking. 2. Require off-street spaces for Future Residential Conversions. 3. Improve resident’s parking program (4). 4. Remove rush-hour restrictions from Maryland Avenue. Newark/UD 1. Increase the cost of on-street meters. 4 Downtown Elkton 1. Convert Main Street and close-in locations to shorter term parking.

Off-Street Parking Strategies Downtown Wilmington 1. Zoning Ordinances amendment 4 Wilmington Neighborhoods 1. Zoning Ordinances amendment 4 2. Create Parking Overlay District. 4 Newark/UD 1. Increase NPA parking lot rates or lower UD parking rates. 4 2. Improve signage to NPA lots. 4 3. Advertise validation program and support it. 4 Elkton 1. Consolidate and redesign parking lots. 2. Revise zoning ordinance to allow smaller stalls for compacts. Suburban Environment 1. Changes to existing parking lots as part of change approval process 2. Development with access to transit 4 3. Transit-oriented development 4

REGIONAL TRANSIT SERVICE NEEDS ANALYSIS 4 Emphasis on Customer Orientation 1. Greater regularity in scheduling 4 2. Improved public information 4

WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan C-18

further study Implemented More study Dismissed following Planning Planning complete started needed Strategies to Improve Mobility

3. Enhanced bus stop facilities 4 4. Direct marketing of services 4 Newark as a Destination 1. Glasgow to Milford Crossroads route via Newark train station 2. Schedule changes (reverse commute) Non-Traditional Services 1. Route-deviation service in the Route 40 area 4 Cecil County Services 1. Elkton-Wilmington express service 2. Elkton-Newark local service Capital Facilities for Transit 1. Add parking-and-ride lots (I-95 service area, 896 & 40, I-95 & MD279) 4 2. Connections to Christiana Mall 4

1997 REGIONAL CONGESTION MANAGEMENT SYSTEM FINAL 4 REPORT 1. Review congested locations, which either do not have planned projects 4 or are not currently under study for possible analysis.

1996 ANNUAL EFFECTIVENESS REVIEW 4 1. Continue to implement actions of the MTP. 4

further study Implemented More study Dismissed following complete Started needed Strategies to Manage the Study

Transportation System

Actions 1. Implement a Maintenance First Policy 4 2. Implement Community Streets Program 4 3. Establish Intelligent Transportation Systems Program 4 · Electronic Toll Collection at: 4 - Delaware Memorial Bridge - DE toll plaza – I-95 - MD toll plaza – I-95 - New Castle toll plaza – DE 1 · Ramp Metering Control Devises at: 4 - US 202 and I-95 interchange - DE 9 and I-295 interchange - US 13 and I-295 interchange - DE 141 and I-95 interchange - DE 273 and I-95 interchange - DE 896 and I-95 interchange - DE 52 and I-95 interchange · Signal Timing Coordination at: 4 - US 13 from PA line to US 13/US 40 intersection 4 - US 40 from US 13/US 40 to Elkton 4

WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan C-19

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Transportation System

- Main St., Newark from DE 72 to Elkton Rd. 4 - Delaware Ave., Newark from Elkton Rd. to DE 72 4 - King St., Wilmington from Lancaster Ave. to Market St. - Market St. from Washington St. Ext. to 10th St. - Lancaster Ave. from Union St. to Walnut St. - US 202 from PA line to I-95 interchange 4 - DE 52 from PA line to Wilmington - DE 141 from US 202 to Alapocas Dr. - DE 141 from DE 34 to DE 100 - DE 48 from DE 41 to DE 100 4 - DE 2/MD 279 from Newark to Elkton - DE 7 from PA line to US 13 - Kirkwood Highway 4 · Freeway Incident Management at: 4 - I-95 from PA line to Harford County line - I-495 from PA line to I-95 - I-295 from NJ line to I-95 interchange 4. Establish Seasonal Service Patrol 4 · DE 1 from DE 7 to Kent County line · US 13 from PA line to Kent County line 5. Conduct Annual Effectiveness Review 4 6. Establish Community Streets Design Incentives 4 7. Establish Livable Communities Public Education Project 4

Suggested Actions 1. Promote opportunities and adopt regulatory options for public/private 4 projects and specific plans that relate proposed developments to transportation facilities and services. 2. Streamline project approval processes, especially for projects supportive or 4 inclusive of significant transportation improvements and programs consistent with the transportation Plan.

further study Implemented More study Dismissed following complete Started needed Strategies to Improve Study

Commerce

Actions 1. Create an Economic Development Subcommittee 4 2. Develop Economic Resources Movement Program 4 3. Develop Intermodal Travel Link Program 4 4. Establish Economic Growth Program 4 5. Establish Transportation - Economic Development Public Education Project 4 6. Conduct Annual Effectiveness Review 4

WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan C-20

further study Implemented More study Dismissed following complete Started needed Strategies to Improve Study

Commerce

Suggested Actions Identify priority commercial and industrial sites for infill and redevelopment in 4 relation to comprehensive plans. Plan2. Plan and design developing commercial and industrial areas to include multi- 4 modal facilities.

WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan C-21 Table B-1 – Annual Average Daily Traffic Cordon – New Castle County

% Change % Change % Change Location 1980 1990 1993 1997 1980-1990 1990-1993 1993-1997 Del. Mem. Br. 48,248 73,133 76,286 82,399 52% 4% 8% I-95 & MD Line 33,346 56,896 61,504 68,387 71% 8% 11% US 202 & PA Line 27,574 37,270 36,328 36,894 35% -3% 2% US 40 & MD Line 14,095 19,793 22,934 27,750 40% 16% 21% DE 2 & MD Line 11,829 19,455 20,677 23,154 64% 6% 12% DE 896 & C&D Canal 10,783 14,781 18,142 21,960 37% 23% 21% DE 7 & PA Line 6,779 11,737 9,514 13,165 73% -19% 38% DE 52 & PA Line 5,512 9,595 9,994 10,825 74% 4% 8% DE 896 & MD Line 2,850 8,883 9,441 10,412 212% 6% 10% DE 41 & PA Line 7,447 10,929 10,455 10,245 47% -4% -2% DE 261 & PA Line 5,594 9,562 6,088 8,932 71% -36% 47% DE 273 & MD Line 4,710 9,574 7,977 8,323 103% -17% 4% US 13 & PA Line 5,130 8,306 4,828 5,811 62% -42% 20% US 13 & C&D Canal 25,108 37,046 40,675 2,495* 48% 10% -94% Source: DelDOT Traffic Summary: 1980, 1990, 1993, 1997 *Due to opening of SR 1 Bridge

Table B-2 – Annual Transit Ridership

% Transit Change Change Service 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 93-99 93-99 DART 4,693,000 5,312,000 5,963,000 5,868,000 6,345,000 6,565,383 6,867,167 1,872,383 46% DAST 102,300 122,000 -- -- 180,200 198,012 230,439 95,712 125% SEPTA 419,000 419,100 475,040 476,800 471,600 580,810 645,808 161,810 53% Rail % Change Change 93-97 93-97 DART 66,200 92,100 -- -- 144,700 78,500 118% (300 Series)* UNICITY 30,000 31,300 29,000 27,600 29,700 -300 -0.01% AMTRAK 660,000 -- -- 645,900 -- N/A N/A MARC 14,400 ------12,500 -1,900 -13% Cecil 19,500 ------N/A N/A County

Source: DTC, DelDOT, DRA, CSA, Cecil County Dept. of Aging, DAST, UNICITY, 1996, 1999 * Note – DART 300 Series was formerly the Blue Diamond Service

WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan B-2 Table B-3– Park & Ride Facilities

MTP MTP 1999 1999 Location Spaces Usage Spaces Usage Cecil County Interstate 1-95 & MD Route 222 52 28% 52 28% Perryville Train Station 75 N/A 75 N/A

New Castle County Aldersgate Church, 2313 Concord Pike 75 19% 75 N/A Bethesda United Methodist, Middletown 20 20% 20 55% Brandywine Town Center N/A N/A 500 N/A Brandywine Springs Park** 100 N/A 100 N/A Christiana Mall, Newark, DE 200 N/A 200 N/A Claymont Train Station 328 73-79% 382 82% Concord Presbyterian, 1800 Fairfax Boulevard 20 100% 21 N/A First Union Bank, 2024 Naamans Road 40 N/A N/A N/A Delcastle Recreation Center*, ** N/A N/A 500 N/A Faith Baptist, 4210 Limestone Road 50 66% 50 50% Faith Presbyterian, 720 Marsh Road 35 N/A 35 N/A Fourth and Jackson Streets 82 9% 50 N/A Greenbank Park, Route 41, Wilmington* N/A N/A 150 N/A Hockessin Memorial Hall, Rte 41 and Yorklyn Rd 20 10% 20 N/A I-95 Service Plaza, Newark** N/A N/A 104 N/A Lantana Square, SR 7 and Valley Road** N/A N/A 20 N/A Lower Brandywine Presbyterian, Old Kennett Rd 20 60% 20 N/A Lutheran Church of the Good Sheperd, Foulk Rd 35 77% 35 N/A Maryland Ave and Germay Dr/Germay Industrial Park 25 100% 50 N/A Naamans and Carpenter Roads N/A N/A 18 N/A Newark Train Station 27 N/A 250 N/A North Baptist, 3318 Silverside Road 10 60% 10 60% Peoples Plaza, Rt 896 & 40 20 N/A 20 N/A Pine Tree Corner, Route 13, Townsend** N/A N/A 15 33% Prices Corner/ Centerville Road 160 N/A 160 61% Route 13 and Route 896/Boyd's Corner, Odessa 30 50% 30 97% Route 13 and Wallace Road, Odessa** N/A N/A 20 N/A Route 72 and Chestnut Hill Rd. Scottfield 20 10% 20 5% Route 41/First Union Bank, Hockessin 40 100% 40 N/A Route 52 and Route 100 30 70% 30 N/A Route 896 and Route 4, Newark 180 51% 180 46% Routes 7 and 273 N/A N/A 187 68% Skyline United Methodist, Newark 40 18% 40 10% State Highway Maintenance Yard, Middletown 20 80% 10 N/A Trinity Presbyterian, 112 Darley Road & Naamans Rd 20 15% 20 N/A Tybouts Corner, Route 13 and Hamburg Road 118 6% 117 7% Total 3005 4739 Source: DelDOT, Commuter Services Administration 1993, 1994, Delmarva Rail Passenger Association, DTC, 1997 * Information provided by DTC – Attempting to locate agreements for the lot ** Lots available for carpools and Vanpools ONLY

WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan B-3

Table B-4 – WILMAPCO Regional Demographic Projections: % Change 1998 2000 2002 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 1998-2025 Population New Castle County 482,806 487,097 491,389 497,826 508,554 519,282 530,011 540,739 12.00% Cecil County 78,402 80,273 82,145 84,952 89,630 94,309 98,987 103,666 32.22% Total 561,208 567,371 573,533 582,778 598,184 613,591 628,998 644,405 14.82% Employment New Castle County 272,046 275,893 279,740 285,510 295,127 304,744 314,361 323,978 19.09% Cecil County 27,000 29,600 30,280 31,300 32,601 33,600 34,000 35,100 30.00% Total 299,046 29,600 310,020 316,810 32,601 338,345 34,000 359,079 20.07% Dwelling Units New Castle County 199,676 203,425 207,174 212,798 222,171 231,543 240,916 250,289 25.35% Cecil County 27,784 28,726 29,669 31,083 33,440 35,797 38,154 40,511 45.81% Total 227,459 232,151 236,843 243,881 255,611 267,341 279,070 290,800 27.85% Source: MD Department of Planning; Delaware Population Consortum 1998

Table B-5 – Demographic Projections by Transportation Investment Area

2025 MTP TIA Unit 1998 2025Trend % Change 2025Plan % Change Acres 258,502 Rural Population 56,734 79,647 40% 80,808 42% Households 20,532 32,573 59% 32,998 61% Employment 15,341 18,949 24% 19,350 26% Pop/Acre 0.22 0.31 40% 0.31 42% HH/Acres 0.08 0.13 59% 0.13 61% Emp/Acre 0.06 0.07 24% 0.07 26% Acres 172,923 Community Population 384,364 419,398 9% 411,842 7% Households 157,107 193,626 23% 190,051 21% Employment 190,517 224,483 18% 221,240 16% Pop/Acre 2.22 2.43 9% 2.38 7% HH/Acres 0.91 1.12 23% 1.10 21% Emp/Acre 1.10 1.30 18% 1.28 16% Acres 23,117 Center Population 109,568 116,872 7% 116,313 6% Households 46,058 53,592 16% 53,324 16% Employment 92,018 114,313 24% 112,394 22% Pop/Acre 4.74 5.06 7% 5.03 6% HH/Acres 1.99 2.32 16% 2.31 16% Emp/Acre 3.98 4.94 24% 4.86 22% Acres 42,447 Developing Population 10,542 28,481 170% 35,442 236% Households 3,758 11,603 209% 14,434 284% Employment 1,171 1,355 16% 5,919 405% Pop/Acre 0.25 0.72 190% 0.83 236% HH/Acres 0.09 0.29 231% 0.34 284% Emp/Acre 0.03 0.03 24% 0.14 405% Source: Wilmington Area Planning Council 1999 · Note – Transportation Investment Areas and Traffic Analysis Zones do not share common boundaries

WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan B-4 Table B-6 – Transportation Expenditures by Funding Category

Total Revenue By Category: FY 1996 FY 1997 FY 1998 FY 1999 FY 2000 FY 2001 FY2002 New Castle County Specific System Preservation $4,805 $14,586 $14,904 $20,321 $43,793 $ 45,903 $ 33,304 System Management $4,035 $19,584 $27,231 $38,550 $43,901 $ 41,923 $ 42,168 System Expansion $12,310 $36,666 $39,127 $40,540 $54,076 $ 41,923 $ 126,769 Delaware Statewide System Preservation $29,598 $34,056 $59,732 $66,730 $82,829 $ 82,896 $ 72,129 System Management $28,572 $12,745 $32,182 $29,019 $25,518 $ 27,462 $ 24,759 System Expansion $69,983 $75,972 $26,590 $6,454 $8,168 $ 8,218 $ 2,319 Other $24,091 $21,358 $25,812 $42,262 $116,516 $ 43,526 $ 42,162 Cecil County System Preservation $5,450 $5,860 $3,960 $6,895 $6,315 $ 5,625 $ 2,820 System Management $1,300 $1,300 $6,724 $8,540 $1,360 $ 1,000 $ 1,000 System Expansion $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - Total - TIP System Preservation $39,853 $54,502 $78,596 $93,946 $132,937 $ 134,424 $ 108,253 System Management $33,907 $33,629 $66,137 $76,109 $70,779 $ 70,384 $ 67,927 System Expansion $82,293 $112,638 $65,717 $46,994 $62,244 $ 50,140 $ 129,088 Total $180,144 $222,127 $236,262 $259,311 $265,960 $254,948 $ 305,269 All $ x 1,000

Source: WILMAPCO, Fiscal Year 1996 through 2002 Transportation Improvement Programs, 1999

Table B-7 – Ownership and Operations of Major Regional Rail Tracks

Operator Track Owner Lines Miles Amtrak Amtrak 1 42 Conrail Conrail 9 141 CSX CSX 2 39 Delaware Valley R.R. Reading Company 1 10 Wilmington & Western R.R. (Tourist) Historic Red Clay Valley 1 10 Source: Delaware Railroad Administration, MDOT, DTC, 1998

WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan B-5

Table B-8 – WILMAPCO Regional Safety Statistics

Automobile Bicycle Accidents Pedestrian Accidents Total Crashes Total Fatalities Total Fatalities Year NCCo CCo NCCo CCo NCCo CCo NCCo CCo NCCo CCo 1993 11306 1340 156 9 1 0 208 35 17 31 1994 12258 1419 142 12 1 0 236 25 12 22 1995 13413 1375 139 9 0 0 262 35 20 31 1996 14524 1350 103 4 3 0 245 31 14 29 1997 14099 1405 105 15 1 0 277 32 9 30 93-97 + 25% + 5% - 33% + 67% -- -- + 33% - 8% - 47% - 3%

Source: DelDOT, MDOT, Maryland SHA, 1998

Table B-9 – WILMAPCO Regional Travel Characteristics

1993 - MTP 1998 2025 Trend 2025 MTP Vehicle Miles Traveled (Millions) 10.82 17.69 24.74 25.20 Vehicle Hours Traveled (x 1000) 306.11 437.57 653.64 637.64 Average Speed (MPH) 35.33 34.71 32.55 34.08 Average Trip Length (Miles) 7.42 8.33 9.14 9.05 Source: DelDOT, MDOT, Travel Demand Model Outputs, 1998; Data not HPMS adjusted

Table B-10 – Mode Split

Mode 1993 1998 Change 93-98 Drive Alone 67.0% 69.70% 2.70% Carpool 23.0% 22.40% -0.60% Transit 2.0% 1.30% -0.70% Walk 5.0% 4.20% -0.80% Bike 0.5% 0.40% -0.10% Other 2.5% 2.50% 0% Source: MTP; DelDOT Household Travel Survey, 1998

WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan B-6

Table B-11a – Roadway Conditions (North District – New Castle County)

1996 1998 1998 - Adjusted* % Miles % Miles % Miles Local Poor 12.93% 17.44 18.16% 24.49 17.18% 23.17 Fair 46.86% 63.19 47.69% 64.31 46.63% 62.88 Good & Excellent 40.22% 54.24 34.15% 46.05 36.20% 48.82

Collector Poor 10.10% 20.78 12.57% 25.86 9.42% 19.38 Fair 44.36% 91.27 40.61% 83.56 37.95% 78.08 Good & Excellent 45.54% 93.70 46.83% 96.35 52.64% 108.31

Arterial Poor 11.81% 54.49 17.58% 81.11 6.82% 31.46 Fair 18.62% 85.91 18.62% 85.91 16.69% 77.00 Good & Excellent 69.57% 320.97 63.79% 294.30 76.49% 352.89

Total - North District Poor 11.56% 92.70 16.39% 131.46 9.23% 74.01 Fair 29.97% 240.37 29.15% 233.77 27.18% 217.96 Good & Excellent 58.47% 468.90 54.45% 436.71 63.60% 510.02 1998 Adjusted assumes that all FY 1998 and FY 1999 pavement projects programmed in the CIP and Bond Bill are completed Source: DelDOT, Pavement Inventory, 1998

Table B-11a – Roadway Conditions (Cecil County)

Cecil County - 1998 Local % Trend Poor 8.50% 0.90 Fair 91.50% 9.70 Good & Excellent - - Collector Poor 3.70% 4.52 Fair 72.30% 88.11 Good & Excellent 24% 29.18 Arterial Poor 3.40% 7.94 Fair 39.10% 90.72 Good & Excellent 57.50% 133.40 Total Poor 3.67% 13.36 Fair 51.73% 188.53 Good & Excellent 44.61% 162.58 Source: MDOT, Pavement Inventory, 1998

WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan B-7

Table B-12a – Bridge Inventory (New Castle County)

Structurally Deficient Bridges

Total Number of Bridges Total Number Percent of Total 1993 637 68 10.70% 1994 639 70 11.00% 1995 643 62 9.60% 1996 647 68 10.50% 1997 666 57 8.80% Source: DelDOT, Bridge Inventory Report, 1998

Table B-12b – Bridge Inventory (Cecil County)

Structurally Deficient Bridges Total Number of Bridges Total Number Percent of Total 1994 157 31 19.7% 1995 157 29 18.5% 1996 158 29 18.4% 1997 160 34 21.3% 1998 156 37 23.7% Source: MDOT, Bridge Inventory Report, 1998

WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan B-8 MTP Travel Demand Output Data Summary

1998 2005 2015 Scenario 1 Scenario 2 Scenario 3 Scenario 4 2025 Build 2025 No-Build % of Lane Miles by LOS A 50.9% 49.9% 42.1% 39.2% 39.6% 39.7% 39.8% 41.4% 41.1% B 15.3% 11.1% 12.2% 11.2% 12.3% 14.9% 13.0% 13.4% 9.3%

C 18.2% 18.2% 21.3% 18.3% 18.7% 16.8% 19.4% 15.4% 17.4% D 7.2% 9.8% 10.3% 14.2% 11.8% 12.9% 12.0% 13.8% 11.7% E 3.2% 2.8% 3.9% 5.6% 5.6% 3.8% 4.2% 4.0% 4.8% F 5.3% 8.2% 10.2% 11.5% 12.0% 11.9% 11.6% 12.0% 15.7% Lane Miles 2674 2740 2788 2829 2898 2984 2992 2907 2674 Average Trip Length (Miles) 7.88 8.14 8.42 8.53 8.52 8.58 8.63 8.66 8.61 Average Speed (mph) 31.67 31.67 31.23 30.47 30.64 30.98 30.98 31.05 29.87 New Castle County VHT (x 1,000) 383.45 426.44 491.17 552.18 548.11 544.67 547.50 552.45 566.37 VMT (x 1,000,000) - CIP Adjusted 14.50 16.05 18.21 19.91 19.96 20.04 20.13 20.36 20.07 VOC 21.33 14.70 14.81 15.38 15.29 15.34 15.41 16.32 15.41 Nox 30.18 26.18 27.29 27.99 27.98 28.18 28.36 30.68 27.9 1998 2005 2015 Scenario 1 Scenario 2 Scenario 3 Scenario 4 2025 Build 2025 No-Build % of Lane Miles by LOS A 32.0% 30.0% 25.0% 20.0% 19.0% 17.0% 18.0% 18.0% 14.0% B 25.0% 19.0% 25.0% 23.0% 23.0% 25.0% 24.0% 25.0% 24.0% C 35.0% 41.0% 20.0% 20.0% 22.0% 20.0% 21.0% 21.0% 21.0%

D 5.0% 7.0% 24.0% 30.0% 28.0% 30.0% 29.0% 29.0% 11.0% E 3.0% 3.0% 6.0% 7.0% 8.0% 8.0% 8.0% 7.0% 28.0% F 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 3.0% Vehicle Lane Miles 624 624 632 664 664 664 664 666 624 Average Trip Length (Miles) 10.40 10.50 10.50 11.10 11.12 11.16 11.11 10.70 11.40 Cecil County Average Speed (mph) 48.53 47.87 46.45 46.72 46.73 46.74 46.72 46.81 44.08 VHT (x 1,000) 54.12 60.27 72.17 85.61 85.78 86.01 85.72 85.19 87.27 VMT (x 1,000,000) - CIP Adjusted 3.19 3.50 4.07 4.86 4.87 4.89 4.87 4.84 4.67 VOC 4.3 2.5 2.4 2.8 2.8 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.8 Nox 7.4 5.8 5.1 6 6 6 6 6 5.5

WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan B-9 1998 2005 2015 Scenario 1 Scenario 2 Scenario 3 Scenario 4 2025 Build 2025 No-Build % of Lane Miles by LOS A 47.3% 46.2% 38.9% 35.6% 35.8% 35.6% 35.8% 37.0% 36.0% B 17.1% 12.6% 14.6% 13.4% 14.3% 16.7% 15.0% 15.6% 12.1% C 21.4% 22.4% 21.1% 18.6% 19.3% 17.4% 19.7% 16.4% 18.1%

D 6.8% 9.3% 12.8% 17.2% 14.8% 16.0% 15.1% 16.6% 11.6% E 3.2% 2.8% 4.3% 5.9% 6.0% 4.6% 4.9% 4.6% 9.2% F 4.3% 6.7% 8.3% 9.3% 9.8% 9.7% 9.5% 10.0% 13.3% Lane Miles 3298 3364 3420 3493 3562 3648 3656 3573 3298 Average Trip Speed (mph) 34.71 34.57 33.99 33.63 33.80 34.08 34.20 34.08 32.55 Entire Region Average Trip Length (Miles) 8.33 8.56 8.80 9.02 8.93 9.08 9.13 9.05 9.14 VHT (x 1,000) 437.57 486.71 563.34 637.79 633.89 630.68 633.22 637.64 653.64 VMT (x 1,000,000) - CIP Adjusted 17.69 19.55 22.28 24.77 24.83 24.93 25.00 25.20 24.74 VOC 25.63 17.2 17.21 18.18 18.09 18.04 18.11 19.02 18.21 Nox 37.58 31.98 32.39 33.99 33.98 34.18 34.36 36.68 33.4

WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan B-10

Appendix D – Record of Public Comments Comments received prior to October 1999 are listed by strategy. Comments received after October 1999 are listed in the 2025 MTP Revisions document at the end of this section.

Link Land Use and Transportation Date Contributor Proposed Issue Suggested Recommendation 10/98 Nonmotorized Work site services Provide on site services at suburban employment locations Transportation Subcommittee 12/98 Donna Shankie – MTP Churchman’s Crossing needs traffic calming features. 12/98 Robert McCoy - MTP Undefined Plans for future – where is Delaware going exactly? 12/98 Alan Peddles Selling DelDOT properties Instead of selling to realtors, should be public auctions. 12/98 Alan Peddles Advertising of Commercial Real This needs to be investigated. MD is better than DE. Estate 12/98 Lee March Infill Use Eminent Domain to take over all abandoned houses, restore them and sell them. 12/98 Mark Cameron Stop approval of Rezoning unless it reduces number of dwellings. 1/99 Gregg Marker Farmland preservation Create Ag zones south of Odessa, south and west of Middletown. Pay for this with a land preserve tax. Fieldsboro must be preserved, not developed with houses or a golf course. 1/99 Phillip Conrad Light rail and development Establish light rail in corridors slated for future growth. Set aside park land around the developments. 1/99 Shari Phalan Continue traffic calming efforts.

WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan D-1

Link Land Use and Transportation Date Contributor Proposed Issue Suggested Recommendation 1/99 PAC MTP Meeting Create commercial and business centers near increased populations. Encourage smaller local retail establishments, limiting travel now required to "Big Box" centers. Encourage different forms of development – TOD’s Better interjurisdictional decision making and implementation. Better local public schools would require parents to drive less to private schools. More efficient use of land, using TODs in development. Level of Service studies actually encourages sprawl and should be supplemented with something else. Revise the TIA map to show UDC and centers for better growth management. Ensure that projects comply with TIA, and include PAC and public opinion in project description 1/99 TAC MTP Unmanaged growth Tie developments to the projects so they are actually centered in investment areas and fulfill MTP projections. Specifically in S NCCo Design or enforce annexation requirements to allow towns to grow if needed, but maintaining our “smart growth” philosophy. Don’t allow towns to use annexation as an “out” to our policies. 1/99 Planners Commission Farmland needs to be preserved. We should calculate cost of farmland MTP losses into models. Insurance costs - There should be more meetings and planning efforts with both the Planning commissioners and the new municipal alliance in Cecil County. 2/99 Preservation Delaware Implement growth boundaries to encourage development in existing communities before new communities such as White Hall are built. Promote specific legislation or incentives, which will encourage infill development. Friendlier building codes for existing structures, such as the New Jersey

WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan D-2

Link Land Use and Transportation Date Contributor Proposed Issue Suggested Recommendation Model. Why is this only a test in Wilm? Aggressive action must be taken to control sprawl south of C&D canal and to increase population in Wilm. Need concrete steps at state or local level to encourage. Incorporate ALL the suggestions made by the Citizens Council on State Planning Issues Sub-committee on Redevelopment and Infill (10/96) 1/99 Tourism Focus Group Eco tourism threatened by sprawl – How would Disney look at Delaware? Tourism region and transportation region don’t match 9/99 Transportation Day Need more open space and more highways Survey Quit building all these houses! We need to all pull together as one Open up our waterways More bikepaths, more trees, transportation is OK! Coordinate county and state 12/1 Al Matlack Sprawl The Plan has conflicting goals – preserving farmland and encouraging growth in Whitehall and Middletown. Sprawl comes if you build roads and sewers. MD and Portland are doing it right with Growth boundries. We should encourage this and transit near centers. Use incentives to fix things.

Pat Todd Concerned over growth in N. NCC Doesn’t want sprawl encouraged with the Community Investment area. It should be prioritized with alternative modes of transportation encouraged.

WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan D-3

Link Land Use and Transportation Date Contributor Proposed Issue Suggested Recommendation Stanley Groski Traffic Limit development of facilities to key areas to increase the impedance to smooth traffic flow on corridor routes. Mark Cameron Locate work nearer to home. Lind s with rail transit. Increase taxes on parking garages in Wilm. More needs to be done regarding impact on our regional interstate system. Delaware takes a major hit from through trips that local traffic must compete with. More federal money should be appropriated to address existing and future interstate traffic. Jane Dilley How can we meet clean air requirements with the uncontrolled development in SNCC. Incentive to use the transit is unlikely since transit is only reasonable in concentrated residential development. Would like to see the plan have strong incentives and disincentives to channel development into concentrated growth areas, sparing farmland.

WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan D-4

Preserving Natural Resources Date Contributor Proposed Issue Suggested Recommendation 10/98 Non-motorized Promote greenways Designate and construct East Coast Greenway Transportation Subcommittee 10/98 Nonmotorized Transportation Greenways/Bikeways Distinguish between Greenways and Class 1 Bikeways Subcommittee 10/98 Nonmotorized Transportation Promotes Bicycling Develop off-road bicycle network Subcommittee 10/98 Nonmotorized Transportation Promotes walking/bicycling Provide pedestrian and bike path links to all school Subcommittee 10/98 Nonmotorized Transportation Natural Resources Education Promote an annual “Car Free Day” Subcommittee 10/98 Nonmotorized Transportation Reduce runoff from impermeable Adopt a policy of no net loss of impermeable surfaces Subcommittee surfaces 10/98 Nonmotorized Transportation Preserve scenic roadways Conduct scenic roadway study in New Castle County Subcommittee 11/98 Carol Harrington Add landscaping to road projects. 12/98 Gail Van Gilder - MTP Provide DelDOT engineers more training so non-motorized solutions are considered and included in initial write-ups. 12/98 Alan Peddles Preserving Farmland Change the inheritance tax laws so families don’t have to sell farms to meet taxes. 12/98 Alan Peddles Controlling Growth Adopt a no new growth for commercial zoning except inside municipal areas (e.g.: downtown Wilm) 12/98 Wesley Redd III Protecting Trees and waterways Place more stringent environmental safely – clean air limits on corporations – preserving wetlands, White Clay, Brandywine creeks. 12/98 Mark Cameron Controlling Sprawl Issue tax-free bonds to buy up open spaces, control sprawl, protect environmentally sensitive areas and farmland in NCC. More farmland preservation easements.

WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan D-5

Preserving Natural Resources Date Contributor Proposed Issue Suggested Recommendation 1/99 Limit development Limit development in New Castle based on availability of water under drought conditions. 1/99 Gregg Marker Farmland preservation Make natural resources more important than greed developers. Leave farms as farmland! 1/99 Gregg Marker Our small town appeal is now Fire everyone in the state and county government for letting our state gone. We’re turning into a little become destroyed. New Jersey. 1/99 Charles Sheridan Pollution Attract industries that don’t cause pollution and reduce the number of industries that do. 1/99 Shari Phalan Preserving the environment by limiting emissions and holding people responsible. 1/99 PAC MTP Air Quality If we strengthened our emphasis on poor air quality and it’s resulting Global Warming, would it assist reducing VMT? 2/99 Preservation Delaware Change to Preserve farmland and open spaces by: approving House Bill 591 (state tax credit for donation of properties) House Bill 539 (state tax credit Protecting our Natural and for rehab of historic structures), establishing a Preservation Revolving HISTORIC resources. Fund, increasing funding to Open Space Council and Aglands Preservation Foundation, purchase scenic easements , developing surplus property guidelines more sensitive to open and historic land (not strip centers), requiring historic surplus be place in care of Delaware State Historic Preservation Office Create a Historic Roads category for roads and bridges with significance. Delaware should adopt the Vermont Model for alternative to ASHTO standards. Develop policies, which include more trees and landscaping WITHIN transportation project plans. 1/99 Tourism Focus Group Preserving natural resources and scenic corridors – important to tourism

WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan D-6

Preserving Natural Resources Date Contributor Proposed Issue Suggested Recommendation – Eco. Tourism and Cultural Tourism 9/99 Transportation Day Surveys Protect natural resources from new developments in crowded areas. Protect green areas, woods and parks Keep a better track of the laws for EPA Don’t expand too many roads, keep the trees. More Parks and resorts Make people aware Enforce coastal zoning I think you’re doing a good job. Keep all smelly things away from us. Shut the plants down (industry, I think) Provide pleasant paths for walking with benches, water fountains etc. and have can recycling at parks and festivals. Don’t waste like we do, use ozone safe materials. We have more than enough, it’s time we took care of our air, water and land.

12/1/ Robert Bennett Plan does not mention the harm roadways do to the water sources. Salt, 99 oil etc pollutes the water and new roads deplete watershed. The cars hurt air quality. We need to show the cost of all elements to show how transit is superior to the auto, with loss of lives, resources and alternatives. Older people cant get around and if theirs an oil shortage, we’re in real trouble. June MacArtor, Esq Don’t count on the air issue to mandate transit – EPA will blink when Detroit speaks. We must compare all costs of building roads vs. cost of transit including transportation accidents, lost work time and environment. Dr Kikuchi (U of D) can do this.

WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan D-7

Improve Mobility Date Contributor Proposed Issue Suggested Recommendation 10/98 Donnie Shankie Promotes transit Create free/discounted rush hour rides program. 10/98 Donnie Shankie Promotes transit Create incentive for employer-provided transit services. 10/98 Nonmotorized Funding nonmotorized projects Flex more Surface Transportation funds to nonmotorized Transportation transportation projects Subcommittee 10/98 Nonmotorized Access for disabled Design curb cuts and sidewalk accessible to disabled Transportation Subcommittee 10/98 Nonmotorized Promotes transit Provide Sunday transit service Transportation Subcommittee 10/98 Nonmotorized Promotes walking and transit Provide pedestrian links between transit, destinations and parking Transportation Subcommittee 10/98 Nonmotorized Promotes walking Identify priority pedestrian areas Transportation Subcommittee 10/98 Nonmotorized Promote alternative modes Give schools incentives to limit/remove student parking Transportation Subcommittee 10/98 Nonmotorized Promote bicycling and transit Provide bike racks on buses and trains Transportation Subcommittee 10/98 Nonmotorized Promote transit Increase use of smaller buses Transportation Subcommittee 10/98 Nonmotorized Promote bicycling Allow developer substitution of bicycle parking for vehicle parking

WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan D-8

Improve Mobility Date Contributor Proposed Issue Suggested Recommendation Transportation Subcommittee 10/98 Nonmotorized Promote bicycling Work with employers to promote bicycle commuting Transportation Subcommittee 10/98 Nonmotorized Promote alternative modes Focus on shifting short, non-commute trips to non-driving modes Transportation Subcommittee 10/98 Nonmotorized Reduce VMT Develop education program to encourage trip chaining Transportation Subcommittee 10/98 Nonmotorized Promote transit Develop intermodal transit center at Blue Ball property Transportation Subcommittee 10/98 Nonmotorized Promote transit Consider monorail system Transportation Subcommittee 10/98 Nonmotorized Promote transit, walking and bicycling Develop trolley/greenway multiuse path between Wilmington and Transportation New Castle Subcommittee 10/98 Nonmotorized Promote traffic calming Develop traffic calming guidelines Transportation Subcommittee 10/98 Nonmotorized Promote bicycling Improve bicycling access across Delaware Memorial Bridge Transportation Subcommittee 11/98 Anita Puglisi Redesign Pomeroy for bicyclists Create a separate bike lane separated by some space to improve safety.

WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan D-9

Improve Mobility Date Contributor Proposed Issue Suggested Recommendation 11/98 Anthony Wexler Additional Bike routes Link greenway and bicycle transportation corridors with paths parallel to the Amtrak line, along Lovett to the High School and parallel to the CSX tracks. This would connect White Clay Creek Preserve to routes in the city. 11/98 Cliff Mitchell Promotes transit Limit the driving of high school students. 11/98 Cliff Mitchell Promotes transit Establish transit education unit in high school driver education classes. 11/98 Jim Hardman Improve mobility Widen Route 72 from Old Baltimore Pike to US 40 9/98 J. Janowski, NCC Dept. Improve safety on DE 72 Widen DE Route 72 from SR 4 to SR 273. of Land Use Encourage motorcycle and adequately powered motor scooter 12/98 Judi Brown, Improve mobility commuting and travel. Encourage more bicycle usage. Encourage [email protected] more jitney-type transport. 12/98 Judi Brown, Promote use of HOV lanes. Encourage this economical, less crowding, less polluting, healthy [email protected] means of travel 12/98 Alan Peddles Bike Safety Connect subdivisions with bike paths. Existing paths are too dangerous. Use old railroad beds for bike trails. 12/98 Alan Peddles Sidewalks More sidewalks away from the roads. 12/98 Build more sidewalks. Include with all new road construction. 12/98 Jim Ippolito Change emphasis from cars to walking and biking and provide better public transportation modes. 12/98 Wesley Redd III Electric Mass transit, buses rail from Wilmington to Newark to Dover to Cape May Ferry 12/98 Mark Cameron Transit in Wilm Provide a jitney service for downtown Wilmington

WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan D-10

Improve Mobility Date Contributor Proposed Issue Suggested Recommendation 12/98 Peggy Tracy Improve Bus service Create better bus stops, legible and less complicated schedules. 12/98 Fritz Griesinger Improve Bus service Offer a free or low cost jitney service with front door pick up to drop off a t local bus park and ride locations 12/98 Fritz Griesinger Improve Bus service Express jitney to the Experimental Station, Newark and Christinana Mall hub. Create a hub at Pike Creek Valley who has no access to mass transit. 12/98 Fritz Griesinger Pedestrian crossings Test pedestrian footbridges/tunnels in Pike Creek as a case study for new large developments. They zoned 20 acres as a Bike and Hike space, which was then rezoned for townhouses by the county. How did that happen without Pike Creek’s approval? 12/98 Barbara Washam Bike Paths Confirm that the bike path in MTP for DE52 10th Street is designated as a planned Class III bikeway. Please close the loop with Wilm 2000 subcommittee and her. 1/99 Gregg Marker Stop development in southern NCC Stop building houses so far away from jobs. IT causes too much congestion on major roads, with everyone driving north to work. Poor management 1/99 Phillip Conrad Rail Way suggestions Link Phila airport to Wilm Train station and New castle Co airport. This will improve commerce, bring more business to NCC airport and increase revenue. Put more express trains on R20. The stops between Ridley Park and Darby are too close together. 1/99 Phillip Conrad Trolley suggestions Only put a trolley in Wilm if it is linked into a viable commuter light rail system: for Prices Corner, Bear, Hockessin or up 202. Don’t just use for tourists. 1/99 Charles Sheridan Mass Transit We must have a mass transit system to reduce the number of cars and truck and make Delaware more attractive to businesses. Buses are part of the problem, not the solution. We need a system that is safe, reasonably priced, comfortable and convenient. If we build

WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan D-11

Improve Mobility Date Contributor Proposed Issue Suggested Recommendation more highways, people will continue to drive cars. 1/99 Shari Phalan Make our transportation system more accessible - More routes, bus shelters, affordable transportation costs, cares tax breaks for public use. 1/99 PAC MTP Educate students about transit and congestion, to discourage reliance on cars at 16. Nonmotorized Subsidize transit to make more attractive. People don’t think cars Transportation cost them money but the bus does. Subcommittee Raise gas taxes so high, people will be less inclined to drive ($1.80/gallon) and to pay for more roads. Create limited access roads that move many cars, quicker to reduce congestion (East /West road to help Rt 40, Rt 202, Churchmans Connector, Rt 141 ) Rail between Newark and Perryville Better bike paths More efficient and attractive transit service (shelters, lights, bus pull-offs on roads) with strong marketing program Transit hubs with daycare, multi purpose shopping centers etc. to allow one stop shopping. Have businesses: give incentives to encourage car pooling, van pooling, offer day care or charge extra for parking to encourage transit. REQUIRE sidewalks and bike lanes with new projects Coordinate better access to greenways. When redeveloping areas, consider student drivers and the seniors who don’t drive. Re-route the CSX railway to the AMTRAK line to remove the rail

WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan D-12

Improve Mobility Date Contributor Proposed Issue Suggested Recommendation crossing in Newark (Main Street)

1/99 TAC MTP Expand rail lines Rail to Phila airport and Sussex Co. Water taxi – Wilmington 1/99 TAC MTP Improvements for non-autos Mill / Pike Creek study for more multi-modal Bike routes - summary and greenways Class III policy Emphasize pedestrians more in road design 1/99 Planner Commission Transit Experiment with transit subsidies to encourage additional transit. MTP 1/99 League of Women Use TMA more to encourage transit Voters MTP Design arterials better to encourage safe walking Put daycare facilities on transit routes to allow easy pick up and drop off 2/99 Preservation Delaware Rail Service to Middletown and Dover Encourage the Wilmington trolley ONLY if used by residents and tourists. It will be a big boost for the Brandywine Village revitalization if runs from north on Market Street to Concord Ave and Market. 2/99 Charles Burris Shuttle service in Newark, DE Provide a parking lot off Main Street, Newark and a shuttle bus service that circles continuously from the lot, up Main Street and down Delaware Avenue. The Uni-City bus’ schedule is too limited. 1/99 Tourism Focus Group Create facilities for bikes on trains/buses – discuss feasibility issues Bike rental availability Cab service not adequate – taxi ambassador program Amtrak connectivity – cab service

WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan D-13

Improve Mobility Date Contributor Proposed Issue Suggested Recommendation Image important (Newark NJ example) – distinctive jitneys Sunday bus service Make region more user-friendly Amtrak – How to connect the transit hubs – how to maximize the investment 3/15 Gail Van Gilder Light rail connecting Wilmington and Route 202 9/99 Transportation Day Bus lanes, more buses, Sunday buses, bike lanes Surveys Put in more traffic lights where needed to watch out more for kids Make more roads and make separate roads for trucks and for cars. Encouraging the use of carpooling, so we have less cars. Institute mass rail transit in DE Have more connection points for public ride. Limit private car uses. Put up more tracks to expand the commuter use. We should have more transportation that goes distances. Keep doing what you’re doing. Weekend trains to Philly for football games 10/25/99 Pike Creek Valley Civic Need greater coordination with PA regarding transportation League decisions, especially trying to get more transit options for people living in PA and working in DE Extend Churchmans Road so Pike Creek can access the new train station. If 79% of people favor designs for walking and biking, Pike Creek is an ideal place to institute some of those improvements.

11/99 Peggy Schultz Don’t discourage high density population areas since they provide

WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan D-14

Improve Mobility Date Contributor Proposed Issue Suggested Recommendation mass transit customers. Greatly improve bike path specifics, require that they be included in all new roadway plans. Retrofit older city suburban and rural roads with bike paths. 11/99 John Chubet Road expansion will be a waste of money. Rail lines must be added for any improvement. Large train stations with large parking lots in Newark, Churchmans, Doer etc, to get people off 95. More trains on Sat nights and throughout the day in Newark. Rail line running to Dover, New Castle, Del City , Middletown, Smyrna etc. 11/99 Betsy Blauvelt No consideration given to pedestrians. Need a trail system connecting people to places – neighborhoods, stores, parks. No schools close to home so driving to class and extracurricular activities. The country back roads are beautiful, but they are congested and dangerous. 11/99 Connie Toschlof Stop building large super highways. We need to stop funneling the traffic into 1 or 2 mail arteries and encourage creative use of all roads so we have many choices. 11/2/99 John W. Boyle Rail Service Feels public transportation (Rail Service) is very important, and has been missing for a long time. Supports passenger rail service to Middletown and Dover. 12/1/99 Arthur Walters Safety of pedestrians We must focus more on safety. Pedestrians must be safe on the roads and in neighborhoods. Hockessin Blvd. Is a good example of Public planning with room for all. Event Victor Singer Free Transit Try different things to increase interest. Monitor our success of the Plan. Make failures conspicuous, like the increase in congestion. Pat Todd More rail to the north and south. Marion Stewart Transportation for ALL ages We need to take in to account all ages when making transportation decisions. Older people cant ride bikes. They need buses that go

WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan D-15

Improve Mobility Date Contributor Proposed Issue Suggested Recommendation late in the evening for meetings. The young have school buses and need sidewalks. Encourage ALL Modes. Would like to see the budgets for roads and transit for comparison to show the imbalance. Maryanne McGonigal Transit – buses Buses like the 301 routes need much more attention. The riders are not treated well and the services are not convenient. The plan needs much more details regarding buses! Joe Tobio Bus Shelters We MUST work to provide more safe, convenient, better lit, aesthetically pleasing, clean bus shelters. They are now dangerous to get to and most people are limited to ONLY using the auto due to unsafe alternatives. TOD can work, as demonstrated by the Feb 24 speakers. Encourage transit with good facilities. John Flaherty Bus implementation Move the transit improvements to be implemented sooner in the Plan. Waiting till the final years is too late. Put in the next 5 years. Al Matlack Educating school kids We need to educate school kids on the alternatives to driving. The high school parking lots are full, while buses are half empty and not enough kids walk. Need to stress options. Mike Sidewalks for schools We do need sidewalks for kids, however they need a buffer from the road to keep them safe. If they are next to a busy road, parents wont let them walk to school. Peggy Tracy Transit It’s too difficult. If we improve it people will get out of their cars. The schedules are hard to read and find and the stops are hard to reach. More emphasis on rail. SUBSIDIZE June MacArtor, Esq Free transit within City of Wilm, paid by state. Why must the Wilm trolley be on Rail with its huge cost? Jane Dilley Need more attention to cyclists and pedestrians. Free parking at he train stations. More creative ways to limit parking to train riders. Improve transit soon so we won’t need so much in highway changes.

WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan D-16

Manage the Transportation System Date Contributor Proposed Issue Suggested Recommendation 10/98 Nonmotorized ITS of pedestrian facilities Use ITS technology for pedestrian signals and crosswalks. Transportation Subcommittee 11/98 Anita Puglisi Casho Mill Design Include a statement specifying that the height of the overpass would not be elevated, when/if another lane is added. 11/98 Margo Perkins Improve Newark Traffic flow Reverse direction of traffic on Main Street and DE Ave. in Newark 11/98 Margo Perkins Improve Newark Traffic flow A yield lane is need from the Barksdale Bridge going south onto Elkton Road to relieve buildup. 11/98 Margo Perkins Pomeroy right of way Must notify developers of Budd plant and Farm Home that right of way will be used. 11/98 BJ Read Improve Newark Traffic flow Close Main Street to cars. Create a circle of one way roads around Main street- Cleveland Ave to New London over to Elkton Road, down Delaware Ave to Library Ave. 11/98 Roy Birch Highway safety Improve proposed ramps from SR 1 to US 13 just south of the Canal to avoid major truck accidents. 11/98 Jeff Peters Highway safety Make the design of SR 1 consistent with future function, and don’t add more traffic until it is safe. 12/98 Vic Singer - MTP Include more experiments similar to Harmony Rd. Need more revenue to support the transportation system in the state. 12/98 Al Matlack - MTP Use ground up tires in the asphalt to reduce noise and help roads last longer. Unclog I-95 by adding tollbooths at entrance ramps. Use $$ for transit. Offer lower mortgage rates if you work close to home in Middletown – to cut down on commuter traffic. 12/98 Linda Ingethron - MTP Coordination of effort with Create an organization including the 4 state area.

WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan D-17

Manage the Transportation System Date Contributor Proposed Issue Suggested Recommendation neighboring MPO’s S. Chester County MPO Stagger starting and quitting hours. 12/98 Judi Brown, [email protected] Reduce congestion Try to get public transit fares, particularly train fares, reduced for 12/98 Judi Brown, [email protected] Promote transit usage commuters as well as weekend usage. In the area over I-95 between seventh street and ninth street a hub 12/98 John Wessells, Promote mono-rail system could be built to accommodate bus connections at street level and [email protected] monorail station above. The first loop of track could follow I-95 north (perhaps in the median) to the North Town Plaza area and return south over I-95 to the exit for the Christiana Hospital then west over Route 4 to Suburban Plaza. The second loop could start at Route 202 and the Pa line south to I-95 then south to the hub then south on Route 13 to Dover and back. A third loop could connect New Castle or even Delaware City to the hub in Wilmington. Bus routes could then be modified to connect with the monorail system throughout the county and city.

Roundabouts are an ideal solution to reduce land required at 12/98 BJ Read Too many traffic lights. intersections, increase traffic flow and improve safety. Mr. Wallwork should give a lecture to ALL DelDOT staff on this.

12/98 BJ Read The yellow light is too long. Causes people to run it, knowing they have time before red. Implement noise barriers as first step of I-95 reconstruction (or plans 12/98 Dan O’Shea Noise Barriers on northern I-95 may not be allowed to progress). Use Delaware Parks parking and rail service to cut down on 12/98 Alan Peddles Transportation Choices transportation from suburbs to Wilmington Mark double lines on the highways with glowing dots in areas with 12/98 Alan Peddles Highway safety high accident rates. Encourage bicyclists and pedestrians to complete traffic rules safety 12/98 Wesley Redd III Bicycle safety course for insurance credit

WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan D-18

Manage the Transportation System Date Contributor Proposed Issue Suggested Recommendation

12/98 Peggy Tracy New traffic light timing and electronic tollbooths are good. A road connecting Churchman’s Road to Kirkwood Hwy would let 12/98 Fritz Griesinger New road to support Churchman’s Pike Creek residents reach the new rail line proposed at Delaware Crossing rail service Park. Increase rail service to include Philadelphia Airport 12/98 Bonnie Anderson Provide jitney service for shift workers. Buses now are uncomfortable 1/99 Marian Robinson Bus improvements and noisy. Bus schedules do not always allow for arrival times at work by ½ hour. Use small jitneys for low volume usage. It is difficult to arrive at various destinations with only one central hub at Rodney square. Time involved in transfers makes transit unattractive. Roy Birch improve proposed ramps from SR1 to US13 just south of the canal to 11/98 Improve highway safety avoid major truck accidents -

from SR1 to US13, make design consistent with future function, don't 11/98 Jeff Peters Improve highway safety add more traffic until it is safe

widen Route 72 from Old Baltimore Pike to US 40 11/98 Jim Hardman Increase road size add landscaping to road projects 11/98 Carol Harrington Light at Valley Road and sidewalks on both sides from railroad tracks 1/99 John Strode Hockessin Improvements to Valley Road Give a % of profits to workers and reward adherence to high levels of 1/99 Shari Phalan excellence. For I—95 reconstruction – encourage mode shift 1/99 PAC MTP Roadway construction Renovate US 13 entry to Wilmington Rte 1 to Del Memorial Bridge and Wilm, improve limited access Continue traffic light management. It has improved Kirkwood Hwy and Main Street. I-495 to Wilm connection for trucks Design a qualitative and quantitative standard for congestion. What

WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan D-19

Manage the Transportation System Date Contributor Proposed Issue Suggested Recommendation does it mean to us and how can we determine that an improvement has been made? How do we measure quality of life? Make certain that safety is an element when designing roads – Allow the public safe access on roads. EZ Pass on Del Memorial Bridge (expected in 2 yrs) 1/99 TAC MTP Encourage or require more local government elected officials’ representation and more public hearings on issues. Include intersections and road expansions in the MTP and TIP More roads with limited access interchanges Include Routes 213,272 and 274 in the MD MTP portion Put more focus on the local travel rather than the regional travel. 1/99 League of Women Voters I 95 and Route 1 is not a safe intersection MTP Develop another growth management measure other than level of Service. This is not a good tool. Need thoughts from planning commission. Need access management 1/99 Planner Commission Country Roads Build a new 301 bypass South of the C and D canal and save the St 1/99 Louis Ramunno 301 George’s Bridge. Both are essential to jobs, improving congestion in the north and making life in south safer and easier. IS 95 JFK Memorial Highway MD 272 to DE state line Freeway 1/99 James Thompson Maryland Roads reconstruct MD 213 Augustine Herman Hwy – Frenchtown Rd to US 40 – Hwy reconstruct MD 213 Bridge St US 40 to MD 279 Reconstruct US 301 Kent County line to DE line improvements MD 272 40 –95 widen to 4 lanes 1/99 Tourism Focus Group I-95, I-495 change in nomenclature City Circuit too long to Exhibition Center – Hotel

WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan D-20

Manage the Transportation System Date Contributor Proposed Issue Suggested Recommendation 2/99 New Castle County Requested Road Improvements Listed Below: Project/Corridor Project Limits Project Type US 301 MD line to DE 71/DE 299 split US 301 : MD line to DE 71/DE 299 split Widen to 4 lanes US 301 DE 71/DE 299 split to Porter Road Extension US 301 : DE 71/DE 299 split to Porter Road Extension Widen to 4 lanes US 301 Porter Road Extension to I-95 US 301 : Porter Road Extension to I-95 Widen to 6 lanes (Hercules Road) DE 41 to DE 48 (Hercules Road) : DE 41 to DE 48 Widen to 4 lanes US 202 DE 92 to PA line US 202 : DE 92 to PA line Widen to 6 lanes DE 4 : DE 2 to DE 273 4-lane Newark bypass DE 7 : Tybouts Road to US 40 Widen to 4 lanes DE 7 : Milltown Rd to PA line Widen to 4 lanes DE 58 : DE 273 to DE 7 Widen to 4 lanes (Churchmans Rd Ext.) : DE 4 to DE 2 New Divided Highway DE 72 : US 40 to Old Balto Pike Widen to 4 lanes DE 141 : DE 2 Prices Corner to DE 34 Faulkland Rd Upgrade DE 141 : DE 34 Faulkland Rd to DE 48 Lancaster Pike Upgrade Blueball concept : Alapocas Drive to US 202 Concord Pike New 4-lane road (US 202) : Foulk Rd to I-95 Widen to 6 lanes Howell School Road : De 896 service rd to Woods Rd Upgrade to improve safety and capacity Porter Rd : Caravel School Road to DE 896 Service Rd Upgrade to improve safety and capacity based on land use plan Christina Parkway : SR 896 to Barksdale Road New 4 Lane Road Newtown Road : SR 896 to DE 1 New 2/4 Lane Road Gender Road : SR 72 to Salem Church Road New 2 Lane Road SR 141 : McConnell Bridge 2nd Span over Brandywine Bridge Widening US 202 : DE 92 to PA line Widen to 6 lanes DE 4 : DE 2 to DE 273 4-lane Newark bypass DE 7 : Tybouts Road to US 40 Widen to 4 lanes

WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan D-21

Manage the Transportation System Date Contributor Proposed Issue Suggested Recommendation SR 48 : Hercules Road to US 41 Widening SR 72 : Wyoming Road to SR 4 Widening SR 7 : US 40 to SR 273 Widening I-95 : MD Line to I-295 Widening I-95 : SR 7 to SR 141 Widening US 40 : MD Line to US 13 Widening SR 37 : SR 273 to New Castle County Widening US 40 : US 40 / SR 896 Grade Separation US 40 : US 40 / US 13 Grade Separation US 13 : US 13 / SR 273 Grade Separation US 40 : US 40 / DE 7 Grade Separation I-95 : I-95 / SR72 Add Ramps I-95 : I-95 / SR 58 Add Ramp SR 1 : SR 1 / I-95 Grade Separation - High Speed

More bus routes, especially evening hours. Park N Ride promotions to 9/99 Transportation Day Surveys improve transportation. More buses closer together. More buses on weekends. More connecting buses. More buses. Buses on Sunday. Connecting buses. Some Sunday bus connections especially to the sea shore. Telephones near bus stations. Have more diversity in those making decisions. Have more bus routes and information– management is good People (management) should be chosen for communication skills Less expensive trains Hire better management officials Better and less expensive buses and trains. Sunday scheduling Improve management by speaking with transportation systems and companies. Monitor drivers in neighborhoods, reduce speed limits and put in more speed bumps.

WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan D-22

Manage the Transportation System Date Contributor Proposed Issue Suggested Recommendation I think the city buses should run more on Saturdays and run on Sundays. More service and cut down the cost of transit. Make it so that the city buses run more on time on Saturdays In Newark, ban most traffic from S College between Park and Main Street, Delaware Ave and Between S. College and Academy. Especially trucks. Mass transit should be free, to cut down on pollution- the merchants will only benefit by carpooling. We need buses on Naamans Rd to Tri State Mall and Brandywine Mall at 202. Roundabouts!! Parking on street – perhaps angled plus behind buildings. 11/29 Connie Toschlof Wide sidewalks to encourage walking and anything that will encourage the return and use of neighborhoods and neighborhood commerce. Why isn’t the St George’s Bridge being aggressively pursued to be kept 12/1/ Eric Dressler SNCC open? It has a road built already, people still use it and more people are 99 moving south. Concerned about the proposed road widening at Kirkwood Hwy’s Frances Hart Newark road widening McDonalds. It would increase traffic to Main ST and destroy a planted island.

WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan D-23

Improve Commerce Date Contributor Proposed Issue Suggested Recommendation 10/98 Donald J. Richard Supports intermodal access, regional Support efforts to reopen Edgemoor Yard and to operate through freight trains growth on the Northeast Corridor. 10/98 Donald J. Richard Supports intermodal access, regional Create intermodal rail access in the WILMAPCO region. growth 10/98 James Gawthrop Supports intermodal access, regional Implement access management techniques along freight routes to promote the growth free flow of goods. 10/98 James Gawthrop Supports intermodal access, regional Eliminate multiple functional classification conflicts along freight routes. growth 10/98 James Gawthrop Supports intermodal access, regional Identify a system of truck routes through the region. growth 12/98 Beverely Baxter Must improve transportation to retain businesses (Dupont, Zenica, First USA) 12/98 Alan Peddles Improving the riverfront Have a county or state owned building in the riverfront area that vendors or business could lease like in Inner Harbor. 12/98 Mark Cameron Development Accelerate restoring “Brownfield” industrial sites. 12/98 Peggy Tracy We are Business UNfriendly Make it easier to do business in NCC – there is no cheap way to determine development capacity on a property. Also How do we grapple with through traffic and still service the local communities and business (Rt. 40) 12/98 Margaret Priest Supports intermodal access, regional Improve signage for trucks, and provide directional information adequately growth distanced from destinations. 1/99 Gregg Marker Stop letting the government be ruled only by dollar signs. They are forcing people who want a country way of life out of this state. 1/99 PAC MTP Economic Development Policy Make it attractive – quality of life in larger area – options in housing transportation

WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan D-24

Improve Commerce Date Contributor Proposed Issue Suggested Recommendation Promote the Life Science Industry on the corridor to promote new jobs. 1/99 TAC MTP Include freight, truck port and airport elements in plan. 1/99 DMTA Truck VMT Improve turn-around times on delivery appointments 2/99 Preservation Support the Economic Impact Study for Preservation by DEDO, so they and Delaware Chambers of Commerce can better understand the important role of historic resources in business. Promote tax and other incentives to reuse vacant structures. Attract new business to the region based on smart sustainable growth, not growth at all costs. Recognize the importance of Delaware’s history as important tourist and economic development elements. 1/99 Tourism Focus Promotion – Develop more of a relationship with the North such as Group Philadelphia Cultural task force – look at what elements are necessary to promote cultural tourism Separate section on tourism in MTP and planning documents Transportation a major reason tourism is not being exploited Phila. Tourist posture has changed – Phila. & Wilm. overlooked Impacts of tourism on state? (region) – Wilm. Becoming more a tourist destination Del. Tourism office finds it difficult to get DelDot to meet their needs (retraining) Del. House Committee on Tourism – can legislate priorities Different types of tourists – baggage & children issues – extended stay tourists Start with day tourists, work our way “up” to extended. stay tourists

WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan D-25

Improve Commerce Date Contributor Proposed Issue Suggested Recommendation Phila.’s change in approach to transportation and tourism– spearheaded by the mayor Package destinations – provide maps, info. at gateways, signage (high priority)

12/1/ Jim Mullin Have Delaware stop identifying housing developments and strip malls as 99 economic growth. The growth leads to more population and more sprawl. Is that really what we want? Stanley Groski Gridlock traffic at limestone Rd and Kirkwood Hwy will get much worse if commerce bank and regional office locates at Limestone rd.

WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan D-26

2025 MTP Comments and Revisions to the Final Document 1/12/00 Chap Page Description of Comments Source Date Recommended Revision or Response

WILMAPCO's outreach efforts Public Awesome - Good Job! 12/1 Thank you 1 Meeting Public Terrific job engaging the public. 12/1 Thank you 2 Meeting Public Small successes should be publicized 12/1 We will continue to try to publicize every success 3 Meeting Public We will continue to publicize the effectiveness of our actions as More publicity on loss of quality of life 12/1 4 Meeting they affect the quality of life in our region Public Keep doing what you're doing. 12/1 Thank you 5 Meeting Need to have more info released to the non- Public 12/1 We will continue to distribute information as widely as possible 6 profit arena. Meeting The vision WILMAPCO began with that initially inspired many of us, has been abandoned. Rather than being proactive, to direct growth where it can be sustained (infill) now it's -"Build what you want-and we'll provide the infrastructure" a pre-ISTEA approach. The MTP plans for 85% of major investments to be made in Gen'l ...WILMAPCO is caught in a difficult position of Jan Baty 12/13 7 the Center and Community Investment Areas. having a well educated and intentioned staff- who would like to steer the state in the direction of Smart Growth and has to deal with the 'corporate heritage' lack of leadership from the Governor's office and DEDO that is determined to develop as much of the state as possible. Tables, Charts, maps and graphs will be Tables, Charts, maps and graphs will be reviewed for 8 All reviewed for accuracy, footnoted and printed as numerous -- accuracy, footnoted and printed as clearly as possible. The clearly as possible. specific changes are noted below.

9 All Consistent spelling of "multimodal" Cecil Co 12/10 will make multi-modal consistent throughout document

WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan D-27

Revise page 1-1 of the Introduction to better explain who [The MTP] should spell out: What is its WILMAPCO is, the role WILMAPCO serves, and the role the Edward L 1 1 purpose; How and who will accomplish the 11/30 MTP plays in guiding future transportation investment. (See 10 Cairns purpose Attachment 1-A) An executive summary will be created following the approval of the Plan. Paragraph 2: Clarify that only 10% of future 11 2 3 trips needed to be shifted to a mode other than MDOT 11/4 change made in 11/4 Final Draft SOV revised average trip length to 8.82 miles and average travel Update Avg. Travel Speed and Avg. Trip length speed to 40.22 mph; added air quality emissions of 31.29 2 3 Staff 11/30 12 in Fig. 2-1 (VOC) & 36.26(Nox) for 1993 base year and 25.63(VOC) & 37.58(Nox) for 1998. Footnotes have been inserted. 13 2 3 28% Decrease in expansion funding is incorrect Cecil Co 12/10 Changed to 45% The safety calculation is being overstated and should be recalculated. If it were based on VMT, not just # of accidents, the percentage Arthur 2 3 12/9 Add statistics based on VMT. 14 figure would actually DECREASE by 25%. This Wolters is how airlines measure safety with "per million passenger miles" Revise title by adding "without 2025 Plan"; revised current trip length to 8.33 and 2025 to 8.92, average travel speed current Correct Avg. Trip length for year 2025 in Fig. 2- 2 4 Staff 11/30 to 40.22 and future to 34.72; added current AQ emissions of 15 2. Added the word "trend" in heading 25.63(VOC) & 37.58(NOx) and future of 18.21(VOC) & 33.4(NOx). In 1st paragraph, add "The three investment areas in the 2020 MTP have been increased to In 1st paragraph, add "The three investment areas in the 2020 five (including the [potential] employment MTP have been increased to five (including the potential centers) in the 2025 MTP update. Some of the employment centers) in the 2025 MTP update. Some of the areas in New Castle and Cecil County where 2 5 DNREC 11/4 areas in New Castle County where the previous designation 16 the previous designation was [management] was management or preservation have been changed to maintenance or preservation have been accommodate expanded capacity for vehicles, public changed to accommodate expand[ed capacity transportation, pedestrians, and bicyclists. for vehicles, public transportation, pedestrians, and bicyclists.]"

WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan D-28

replace end of sentence about 301 MIS with " investments that Add discussion if there was a policy shift that expand transportation capacity in southern New Castle County 2 5 provides for 301 expansion or why this is DNREC 11/4 17 in support of the County's UDC and sewer service plans and contrary to 2020 MTP goals the State's economic development objectives for the area.

Revise goal 6 "...local levels to augment the 18 3 4 communication necessary to achieve the goals DNREC 11/4 no change recommended of the plan." Goal #4 with reference to traditional communities, should also mention residential. Revitalization of communities can only be Revise Goal #4 - Enhancement and re-emergence of successful and sustainable if their residential Wilmington 3 4 10/26 traditional communities and municipalities as the location of 19 components can be strengthened. Plan would Renaissance commerce, culture, and mixed use housing for the area. be stronger if urban centers were "transportation hubs, with major spokes emanating. Add paragraph at the end of 3.1.6 - "The MTP reflects the combined plans and investment strategies of the two States, Include how the Plan relates to the State and both Counties, and the member municipalities. In particular, Wilmington 3 4 County plans as well as other relevant 10/26 the boundaries of the investment areas follow the 20 Renaissance municipal plans in process and content. Comprehensive Plans and zoning codes of both Counties as well as the Smart Growth areas in Maryland and the Delaware Shaping Delaware's Future Investment Strategy Map." Our goals are short sighted and should focus The goals of the MTP have been developed through over five primarily on improving automobile use and not Arthur years of meetings with the public and endorsed by the elected 3 4 communities and quality of life. WILMAPCO's 12/9 21 Wolters and appointed government officials on the WILMAPCO ideas are retro, myopic, utopic and smack of Council. Big Brother

the MTP assumes as a given population growth which is the The plan skirts the problem of population Public main contributor to increased congestion and air pollution; the 3 5 12/1 22 growth, the root of congestion and pollution. Meeting pattern and transportation services used by the new population also affect future congestion and pollution

Add discussion breaking down the investment breakdown of investment by strategy is to be included in 3 7 in economic development, for example DNREC 11/4 23 Chapter 4 (see below) investment in SNCC should be estimated

WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan D-29

Update MTP Goals assessment to A-F scale, " the "yes" assignments are consistent with the previous plan 24 3 9 the 'yes' assignments may be less than honest MDOT 11/4 and reflect the Council's objective that this Plan help to achieve answers" the stated goals There is so little difference in assesment results The MTP scenario is a compromise scenario that best 25 3 10 of the scenarios in Table 3.3 - how do we justify Cecil Co 12/10 represents all of the combined policies and intentions of the the MTP scenario over the others. WILMAPCO Council.

Clarify Transportation Modes section with 3 11 MDOT 12/3 Done 26 references to other sections. Change last sentence to: " Note that the congested locations in 1999 are concentrated around the major employment and Congestion: 2nd paragraph suggests that 3 12 Cecil Co 12/10 retail areas of the region: Wilmington, Churchmans Crossing, 27 congestion in Cecil County is only in Elkton Newark, Pike Creek and Bear in New Castle County, and Elkton, Perryville and North East in Cecil County. Figure 3-8, Congestion Assessment data - add Add figure to show "Average Trip Time is currently 12.4 28 3 13 discussion on congestion as travel time and Staff 11/4 minutes and will increase to 12.6 minutes with the how travel time will change per driver. implementation of the MTP Add additional bar to show peak period congestion goes from Figure 3-8, Congestion Assessment data - Add 3 13 Staff 11/4 23.5% of lane miles under trend down to "14.4% with the 29 2025 plan data to bar graph. implementation of the MTP" Add additional bar to show average travel speed goes from Figure 3-9, Travel Speed Trends - Add 2025 3 14 Staff 12/1 34.72 miles per hour under trend up to "42.03 miles per hour 30 plan data to bar graph with the implementation of the MTP"

Figure 3-10 Vehicle Miles of Travel - Add 2025 VMT goes from 24.7 million miles per day under the trend to 3 15 Staff 12/1 31 plan data to bar graph 25.29 million miles per day with the implementation of the MTP

Figure 3-11 Vehicle Hours of Travel - Add 2025 VHT goes from 709,600 hours per day under the trend to 3 15 Staff 12/1 32 plan data to bar graph 585,190hours per day with the implementation of the MTP Do not limit travel options (performance auto travel is measured by VMT, VHT, average travel speeds, 33 3 16 measures) to just bicycle and pedestrian MDOT 11/4 average trip lengths, average trip travel time, and peak hour facilities congestion Suggest ways to reduce automobile accidents 3 17 MDOT 11/4 Insert cost per accident and fatality 34 and consider the cost of accidents

WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan D-30

add - "As of 1997, there are 28,200 acres of farmland in Include more detailed assessment measures DNREC, 3 17 11/4 farmland preservation programs out of 163,000 total acres of 35 for Environmental Preservation MDOT farmland regionwide" Revise New Castle County emissions, emission Revise New Castle County emissions, emission reduction 3 19-21 reduction strategies, and text to reflect changes Staff 12/20 strategies, and text to reflect changes from final round of from final round of emissions modeling emissions modeling

Remove "Transportation Control Measures" delete "Transportation Control Measures" from text leaving 3 20 AQSC 11/19 36 from #1 "emission reduction strategies" Item 2: "Pursue" suggests that appropriate 37 3 20 legislative and administrative means actually Cecil Co 12/10 Change "Pursue" to "Explore" exist based on revised budget and emissions numbers from MDE, Update Cecil County emissions - change to 2002, 2005, 2015, & 2025 budget numbers change to 3 21 AQSC 11/19 38 2002 budget 2.7(VOC) and 6.3(NOx), and 2005 emission numbers change to 2.5 (VOC) and 5.8 (NOx) add in last column title "Emissions w/ Reductions from Table 3- 3 21 Add reference to "Table 3-4" in Table 3-5 AQSC 11/19 39 4" revise project list in 4-1 to conform to reduced revise cost of expansion and major management facilities and 3 22 Staff 12/1 40 revenue estimate services from $1.7 billion to "$1.54 billion"

Obtain financial data/projections from Updated financial estimates from the MDOT will be included in 3 22 MDOT 11/4 41 MDOT/Cecil County the text here and added to Appendix J. DelDOT has provided a revised financial revenue estimate based on 1999 dollars and reduces projected revenue to 3 23 Check and revise projected revenue estimate Cecil Co 11/4 42 "$1.38 billion dollars" for major expansion and management projects in New Castle County The financial reasonableness discussion is a simplistic The discussion of financial reasonableness discussion in 1999 dollars estimating revenues and costs over 3 23 does not utilize rigorous financial analysis, life- Cecil Co 12/10 43 the 25 years of the MTP and meets federal guidelines for cycle costing, alternate sources of funding. financial reasonableness determinations.

All factors important to the goals should be in Important factors are summarized in Table 3-7 for both 44 3 24 one table and their projections quantified with Public 11/30 forecasted trends without the MTP and with the MTP estimated validity ranges implemented

WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan D-31

Include State Planning philosophy and activities Wilm The TIA and State Planning descriptions are closely aligned in 4 2 in the TIA section to explain the directing of 10/26 45 Renaissance wording, philosophy, and activities. investments to existing communities

Create a contingency plan for economic decline The MTP includes a goal related to re-investment in Rev. David 4 2 in particular areas and how that affects the 12/3 communities and this is supported by the transportation 46 Jesson communities. investment area policy.

How can we meet clean air requirements with the uncontrolled development in SNCC. Incentive to use the transit is unlikely since The major investment in transportation infrastructure in the transit is only reasonable in concentrated 4 2-6 Jane Dilley 12/1 Community and Center areas is the incentive in the MTP for 47 residential development. Would like to see the focused growth. plan have strong incentives and disincentives to channel development into concentrated growth areas, sparing farmland. The major investment in transportation infrastructure in the Put in place incentives and disincentives for 4 2-6 Jane Dilley 12/1 Community and Center areas is the incentive in the MTP for 48 concentrated growth areas, sparing farmland. focused growth.

Create a sixth category of TIA that blends the Delmarva previous multimodal Expansion Area with the TIA map revised to show investments by in-service year to Rail 4 4 Community Area to allow mor responsive 11/3 show the location and proposed scheduling for transporation 49 Passenger transportation investments alone the US 40, I- investments within each of the 5 investment areas. Association 95, Amtrak corridor.

The plan falls short in that it doesn't take nearly a strong enough stand to stop sprawl. For smart growth to work, departments, agencies, The MTP supports smart growth by targeting major investment legislators, need to be in agreement. With 4 4 Jan Baty 12/13 in transportation infrastructure in the Community and Center 50 DEDO calling the shots, encouraging chip areas. companies and sprawling growth to destroy existing farmland, rather than encouraging growth in centers, smart growth cannot happen.

WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan D-32

The MTP plans for increased employment in southern New Mark Castle County where new homes are being built; the current 4 4 Locate work nearer to homes. Link rail transit. 12/1 51 Cameron amount and pattern of development in that area does not provide a very effective rail market. The Plan has conflicting goals – preserving New Castle County has established growth zoning in the area 52 4 4 farmland and encouraging growth in Whitehall Al Matlack 12/1 north of Middletown including the Whitehall area while the area and Middletown. south of Middletown is targeted for farmland preservation

Stop the proposed electrical plant by Old Dominion Electrical Cooperative and Reliant Energy on Route 222 in northwest Cecil Maria The MTP does not include major transportation investments in 4 4 12/15 53 County, MD. This will bring a major source of Mastippolito that area. NOx as well as have a negative impact on the rural character of this area. Sprawl comes if you build roads and sewers. The MTP's investments are aligned with both Counties' MD and Portland are doing it right with Growth adopted Comprehensive Plans and Development Codes which 54 4 4 boundaries. We should encourage this and Al Matlack 12/1 establish the limits and patterns of development. The MTP transit near centers. Use incentives to fix targets transit investments to the Center and Community things. areas. DE State Investment Strategy Map reflects Revise MTP Investment Strategy Map to reflect SNCC phasing 4 4 different phasing boundaries south of the C&D Staff 12/15 55 in DE State Investment Strategy Map Canal

Concerned over growth in N. NCC Doesn’t Expansion investments are targeted to high economic want sprawl encouraged with the Community development corridors of I95/40/141 while other modes are 4 4 Investment area. It should be prioritized with LWV 12/1 56 encouraged within the entirety of the Center and Community alternative modes of transportation areas encouraged, especially around I-95 corridor.

If we just increase auto speed, air quality will improve. Traffic calming will NOT work. People will not walk or bike, if they do, they The relationship between air pollution and traffic speed is not Arthur 4 5 should not be on our roads. Slowing traffic 12/9 this simplistic. The goal of every traffic calming project is for 57 Wolters uses more fuel and causes more pollution. drivers to obey the legal speed limits. Arterials (65mph), Local thru traffic (50 mph), residential (30-40), urban and schools (25).

WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan D-33

Use anything to encourage the return and use The Community Transportation Design, Community Land Use of neighborhoods, such as parking on-street Connie 4 5-7 11/29 Design, Biking and Walking, and New Travel Patterns policies 58 plus parking behind buildings, wide sidewalks Toschof all encourage these ideas. to encourage strolling and use Roundabouts!

Identify agency(ies) responsible for see attachment #5 table with all actions assigned to 4 7 MDOT 11/4 59 implementing each action responsible agencies.

With the agency responsible for each action, list Del funding will be identified through annual Unified Planning Work 4 7 the min. start-up cost for each action, or 12/1 60 Greenways Program or Transportation Improvement Program potential funding sources.

add Action - "Recommend to member agencies, state offices A study MUST be done to compare all costs of Public of planning, and state environmental agencies, and business building roads vs. cost of transit including free Meeting and community groups participate in a major study to assess 4 7 transit during commuter hours. Include (recommend 12/1 61 these major regional issues including infrastructure cost, accidents resulting in lost work time as factor. ed several taxpayer impact, user costs, safety costs, environmental Dr. Kikuchi at U of D could do this. times) impacts, and air quality attainment" Add Cecilton to the list of Towns developing Mayor John Add Cecilton to the list of Towns developing and implementing 4 7 and implementing Mobility Friendly Design 12/15 62 Bunnell Mobility Friendly Design Standards Standards Construct trails off road but within the Add sentence to end of greenway section: "Constructing trails transportation corridor to provide non-motorized off-road, but within the transportation corridor, allows people 4 8 ways of reaching destinations. People feel NMTS 12/11 63 using the facilities to reach important destinations and feel more secure using facilities within the more secure." transportation corridor Add sentence to Natural Resources - " Both Maryland and Delaware have established programs (Maryland Agricultural Land Preservation Foundation, Delaware Agricultural Add discussion regarding MD Rural Legacy and Preservation Program) to preserve these valuable resources. 4 8 DE Farm and Open Space Preservation MDOT 11/4 64 In New Castle County nearly 14,000 acres in 40 districts have programs been preserved as of October, 1997. In Cecil County, nearly 15,000 acres in 90 districts have been preserved as of July, 1998" For greenways, mention that is serves urban Add to second paragraph under Greenways - "Greenways can Wilm 4 8 areas and employment centers, as an 10/26 also serve urban areas and employment centers, as an 65 Renaissance alternative form of commuting. alternative form of commuting."

WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan D-34

Add sentences - "Some examples of natural resources that should be preserved include the Chesapeake Bay watershed, the White Clay Creek watershed, stream corridors and Cite some examples of natural and historic 11/4 & wetlands, and good quality agricultural land." "Examples of 4 8, 9 Cecil Co 66 resources from both counties 12/10 historic resources to be preserved include structures on the National Register as well as potentially eligible sites. These sites will be identified and assessed as part of any major transportation project."

In Historic section, state streetscaping Add to Historic Resources - "In historic areas streetscaping is important for transportation i.e. beautify roads, important for transportation projects (i.e. beautify roads, sidewalks and public spaces. Mention how Wilm 4 9 10/26 sidewalks and public spaces). Transportation. enhancement 67 transportation. enhancement programs provide Renaissance programs provide historical value for education along rail trails, historical value for education along rail trails, and increase tourism with historic preservation. " and increase tourism with historic preservation.

Add to the development of the Scenic Byway Add to the development of the Scenic Byway Corridor Corridor Management Plan for MD 213 " with Mayor John 4 9 12/15 Management Plan for MD 213 " with the involvement of 68 the involvement of Chesapeake City and Bunnell Chesapeake City and Cecilton." Cecilton." Change action to "Develop a Regional Greenway Plan which Assess feasibility of greenway projects and 4 9 NMTS 12/1 assesses the feasibility of proposed projects and identifies new 69 identify new opportunities greenway opportunities

The East Coast Greenway should not be the Add: "Phase I will focus on the East Coast Greenway. Future only element of a Regional Greenway Plan. A phases will include other areas such as south of the canal as 4 9 regional Greenway plan should include areas DelDOT 11/29 70 well as corridors under study such as Route 301 and Route south of the canal as well as corridors under 40." study such as Route 301 and Route 40.

Identify agency(ies) responsible for see attachment #5 table with all actions assigned to 4 9, 10 MDOT 11/4 71 implementing each action responsible agencies.

WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan D-35

The deleterious effect on water quality of impervious surface, especially road surface that carries with it polluting oils and salts. Flooding, loss of aquifer recharge, sedimentation are additional costs incurred by excessive road surfacing within given watersheds. The calculation of the impact of new construction on water quality needs to be incorporated as much as its impact on air quality is. The [MTP] Robert 4 10 12/1 See # 61 72 should 1) aim for a net reduction of road Bennett surface in 2025 from what currently exists in New Castle County by evaluating the impact on water quality in all watersheds, setting a goal of reduction of existing road cover for all watersheds in excess of 13% impervious, and 2) for any new road construction obligate the elimination of an equal amount of existing road surface cover elsewhere within the watershed. The MTP includes actions to implement transportation projects What are and how adequate are the steps that that reduce emissions, develop additional emission reduction this report offers for preventing the likelihood Robert 4 10 12/1 strategies, and pursue additional strategies through legislative 73 and consequences of not meeting the Bennett and administrative means to insure that we maintain air quality mandated air quality standards by 2005? conformity in this region.

How does this plan position us in the case of a conceivable cut in the availability of oil. Would it be prudent to include in the plan's vision a Robert The MTP is updated every three years and does not include 4 10 strategy for roads and development that makes 12/1 74 Bennett any provision for an oil shortage. us less vulnerable in the coming years than we are now to the impact of an oil shortage similar to or worse that the OPEC boycott of the '70's?

Change Wilmington Bikeways bullet to Wilm 4 10 10/26 revise Action - "Implement the Wilmington Bikeways plan" 75 "Implement the Wilmington Bikeways plan" Renaissance

Indicate that additional projects and route Add footnote to map - Additional projects and route changes 4 11 changes will be identified by the regional NMTS 12/1/99 76 will be identified by the Regional Greenways Plan greenways plan

WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan D-36

77 4 11 Include major route numbers on maps NMTS 12/1/99 Add major routes to maps Add sentences to first paragraph on page 4-14 - "Transit More discussion on rail to get people out of investments will be targeted to Center and Community their car. Include TOD and high density areas, Wilm 4 13 10/26 investment areas and higher density locations. Increasing 78 Hub and spoke approach and more direction for Renaissance density and transit accessibility at identified transit-oriented the DTC plan. developments is to be encouraged." 4th bullet: What current intercounty bus service Change bullet to: Expand current DART inter-county services 4 13 Cecil Co 12/10 79 does WILMAPCO intend to expand upon? and provide new inter-county bus and rail services to Elkton.

Widening roads is just one of major transportation investments 4 13 Stop widening roads to improve mobility. Jim Mullin 12/1 80 made to improve mobility

The discussion in section 4.4.2 seems more multimodal than intermodal. The MTP must As each mode is improved then connections between modes 4 13 Cecil Co 12/10 81 recognize that a single trip might be made by can be improved and increased. more than one mode.

As “minor” capacity improvements are made to Delaware’s roadways, space on the roadway Add: "Roadway improvements which decrease safety for for bicyclists is eliminated. Paved shoulders pedestrians and bicyclist should be avoided, particularly in and wide curb lanes need to be recognized as Centers and Community Investment Areas." The proposal to 4 13 DelDOT 11/29 82 on-road bicycling facilities and need to be eliminate the shoulder on Route 9 was made to provide preserved. The proposal to eliminate the sidewalks and slow speeding traffic through the City of New shoulder on Route 9 is a perfect example of Castle. this.

More emphasis on rail. Have DART ride transit to understand problems. It's scary, schedules Will pass recommendation to DTC for their use in the 4 13,14 Peggy Tracy 12/1 83 tough to read and hard to find and stops hard to development of their long range transit plan access. SUBSIDIZE

WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan D-37

Build large train stations with large parking lots in Newark, Churchmans corner, Dover etc. A train station with parking has been built in Newark and one People can leave their cars and take the train to 4 13-15 John Chubet 12/1 will be built in 2000 in Churchmans Crossing. A rail line 84 Wilmington. Create a rail line to Dover, New serving New Castle and Bear is part of the MTP. Castle, Del City, Middletown, Smyrna etc. Put Sat. and night hours for Newark to Wilmington.

Concentrate more efforts on pedestrians and the MTP places major emphasis on bicycle and pedestrian 4 13-15 Jane Dilley 12/1 85 cyclists, instead of autos. projects in the Community and Center areas The high school parking lots are full and the buses half empty. We need to get students out An educational program is currently being developed by 4 13-15 Al Matlock 12/1 86 of cars. Educate them in Middle School to WILMAPCO targeting these students. teach alternatives Schools need SAFE sidewalks for students to use. Brandywine sidewalks are right next to a Public Pedestrian safety is considered in every highway 4 13-15 12/1 87 busy road and not safe. Need a buffer zone to Meeting improvement. separate them from traffic. Remove "statewide" replace with "regional" -- remove 4 14 2nd bullet: Don't mention "statewide" system Cecil Co 12/10 88 "Delaware" revise Biking - "Biking improvements will be made within the The focus on the movement from residential context of a proposed Bicycle Network to provide access to areas to major employment centers ignores a homes, employment, schools, shopping and recreation. … In 89 4 14 great 79% of trips made (NPTS) and addresses DelDOT 11/29 addition, the network needs to focus on the movement from the least feasible of trips. Education centers residential areas to major employment areas if we hope to and commercial centers need to be included. convert current single occupant vehicle commuters to bicycle commuters.

2nd bullet describes "mobility management of a Change 2nd bullet to read: "Mobility management of a 4 14 Cecil Co 12/10 90 statewide transportation network" regional transportation network" Add: "Pedestrian and bicycle facilities should be provided as part of transportation improvements, particularly those in Connect bicycle/pedestrian description to 4 14 NMTS Centers and Community Transportation Investment Areas. 91 investment areas Additional facilities should be provided to connect gaps in the bicycling and walking network.

WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan D-38

Middletown Add Transit Action: Examine the possibility of Businessme 4 14 extending commuter rail service to Dover and 11/17 already included as an Action 92 n's coordinate with other transit plans and studies. Association design well marked bicycle paths lanes to help Correct terminology - "design well marked bicycle lanes to help 4 14 Staff 93 bicyclists. . . bicyclists . . ."

Add references to MDSHA's park and ride lot Add references to MDSHA's park and ride lot and MTA's 4 14 MDOT 12/3 94 and MTA's rideshare match programs rideshare match programs

Revise discussion to note MD does not support Revise discussion to note: "MD does not support roadside 95 4 14,15 roadside signs, but does support bicycle MDOT 12/3 signs, but does support bicycle compatible roadway compatible roadway improvements improvements"

The classification system of Class I, II and III bikeways are no longer used in the AASHTO Guide or FHWA documents. Use Shared Change Class I to Shared Use Path, Class II to Bike Lane, 4 14-16 DelDOT 11/29 96 roadway, paved shoulder, bike lane, and Class III to Shared Roadway and Paved Shoulder shared use path pursuant to the new AASHTO Guide.

Add reference to MDSHA's Retrofit Sidewalk Add reference to MDSHA's Retrofit Sidewalk Program and Program and their requirements that pedestrian 4 15 MDOT 12/3 their requirements that pedestrian facilities must be considered 97 facilities must be considered in all construction in all construction projects projects

On page 4-15, the references to SR 299 should 4 15 Cecil Co 12/10 Update to read DE 299 98 be changed to DE 299 In section 4.4.3, under "All Modes", why couldn't at least some of the prioritized These reccomendations were incorporated into the actions of 4 15 reccomendations from the Freight Transport Cecil Co 12/10 99 the Improving Commerce strategy, Section 4.6.3 and Visitor Travel Program report be implemented over the next 3 years? Add: "Pedestrian and bicycle facilities should be provided as Pedestrian facilities should not only be included part of transportation improvements, particularly those in 100 4 15 in transportation projects where feasible, but DelDOT 11/29 Centers and Community Transportation Investment Areas. also retrofitted to our existing system. Additional facilities should be provided to connect gaps in the bicycling and walking network.

WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan D-39

Add - "Good design of pedestrian facilities is needed to make walking a safe and appealing mode of travel. A buffer between 101 4 15 Pedestrian design description Staff the walkway and road, landscaping, pedestrian scale lighting, benches and trash cans improve conditions and encourage more people to walk. Construct sidewalks and greenways which Add: "All new pedestrian facilities should meet ADA standards 4 15 NMTS 12/1 102 meet ADA standards and we should work to retrofit existing facilities."

Identify agency(ies) responsible for see attachment #5 table with all actions assigned to 4 15,16 MDOT 11/4 103 implementing each action responsible agencies.

The 301 connector from Maryland to Rt 13 is essential. It should be agreed upon and Edward The completion and implementation of the 301 MIS is an 4 15 12/9 104 purchase of the right of ways should begin Cooch action of the MTP. soon, before all the land is developed.

Request that the passenger rail alternative for the developing Middletown - Dover corridor be reinstitued. Support rail from Newark to Elkton Delmarva with eventual commuter rail linkage to Perryville Action added to: "examine the possibility of extending Rail 4 16 and the rest of the MARC system. Increases of 11/3 commuter rail service to Dover and coordinate with other 105 Passenger 40% VMT and 60,000 residents to the transit plans and studies." Association Middletown region make it prudent to include incremental rail option now, rather than after the fact.

No consideration given to pedestrians. Need a trail system connecting people to places – neighborhoods, stores, parks. No schools Betsy A trail system is discussed under greenways on pages 4-8 to 4 16 close to home so driving to class and 11/17 106 Blauvelt 4-10. extracurricular activities. The country back roads are beautiful, but they are congested and dangerous. Many people have never learned or have forgotten how to ride a bicycle. An education Add action to "Develop and implement a bicycle education and 4 16 and encouragement program should be DelDOT 11/29 107 encouragement program. provided to address this need and increase non-SOV use.

WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan D-40

revise Action - "Examine the growth occurring in neighboring Examine the impact of development outside our 4 16 Cecil Co. 11/23 regions, especially Pennsylvania, and analyze the impact on 108 region on traffic in our region our region in coordination with our neighboring MPOs."

Include examining bike racks on trains and Will pass recommendation to DTC for their use in the 4 16 Cecil Co 12/10 109 busses development of their long range transit plan

revise Action - "Examine the growth occurring in neighboring Examine the impact of development outside our New Castle regions, especially Pennsylvania, and analyze the impact on 4 16 region on traffic in our region and develop an 12/14 110 Co. our region in coordination with our neighboring MPOs, possibly MOU with DVRPC resulting in an MOU between WILMAPCO and DVRPC."

Use solar light bus shelters, have free transit June Will pass recommendation to DTC for their use in the 4 16 within City of Wilm, paid by state. Why must 12/1 111 MacArtor development of their long range transit plan Wilm trolley be on rail with its huge cost?

Free parking at train stations, or provide Public Will pass recommendation to DTC for their use in the 4 16 12/1 112 alternatives. Meeting development of their long range transit plan

Restrict the amount of parking in Wilmington Mark Will pass recommendation to DTC for their use in the 4 16 through "taxes" on parking garages. Incentives 12/1 113 Cameron development of their long range transit plan for companies that increase transit ridership.

Free Transit Try different things to increase Will pass recommendation to DTC for their use in the 4 16 Vic Singer 12/1 114 interest. development of their long range transit plan

The MTP should not just have a DTC long Revise action - "DTC to develop a Long Range Transit Plan 4 16 Cecil Co 12/10 115 range transit plan, but a regional transit plan that includes service in Cecil County."

The MTP should have a regional park & ride Revise action - "Implement regional park and ride lots through 4 16 Cecil Co 12/10 116 program with DelDOT & SHA components MSHA's and DelDOT's park and ride lot programs." Public Continued examination of rail transit to Dover is an action of 4 16 More rail to the north and south. 12/1 117 Meeting the MTP Rail is a much needed means of mass transit and we urge consideration of a passenger rail Continued examination of rail transit to Dover and Perryville 118 4 16 service to Perryville, southern Delaware and LWV 12/1 and a request to the Philadelphia MPO for a Philadelphia other destinations such as the Philadelphia Airport connection are both actions of the MTP. Airport.

WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan D-41

I support future passenger rail service to Continued examination of rail transit to Dover is an action of 4 16 John Boyle 11/2 119 Middletown and Dover. the MTP

Extend rail service south from Wilm to Janis Continued examination of rail transit to Dover is an action of 4 16 11/23 120 Middletown and Dover. Chester the MTP

Transit needs to properly address night and Rev. David Will pass recommendation to DTC for their use in the 4 16 Sunday bus schedules to enterprise area's (job 12/6 121 Jesson development of their long range transit plan retention, good services)

This acknowledges the problem of elderly and the burden placed on them in 2025 if there is no significant shift in transportation options away Robert The MTP calls for a significant expansion of transit options and 4 16 12/1 122 from the automobile, but you do not explore the Bennett includes over $500 million to that end. ramifications in detail or explain how it will be addressed.

We need to take in to account all ages when making transportation decisions. Older people The population is aging from an average of 35 today to an can't ride bikes. They need buses that go late Marion average age of 39 in 2025. The MTP includes the doubling of 4 16 12/1 123 in the evening for meetings. The young have Stewart bus services and the development of a long range transit plan school buses and need sidewalks. Encourage by DTC ALL Modes.

Buses like the 301 routes need much more attention. The riders are not treated well and Maryanne Will pass recommendation to DTC for their use in the 4 16 12/1 124 the services are not convenient. The plan McGonigal development of their long range transit plan needs much more details regarding buses!

We need to be spending as much (or more) on transit as on roads. The Wilmington trolley is an example of doing something showy, rather The MTP includes about 33% of major funding for transit 4 16 Jan Baty 12/13 125 than substantive.. Better to support major rail expansion. proposals that could make a deference in getting people out of cars.

WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan D-42

We MUST work to provide more safe, convenient, better lit, aesthetically pleasing, clean bus shelters. They are now dangerous to Will pass recommendation to DTC for their use in the get to and most people are limited to ONLY development of their long range transit plan; the development 4 16 Joe Tobio 12/1 126 using the auto due to unsafe alternatives. TOD of transit oriented development provisions in the Unified can work, as demonstrated by the Feb 24 Development Code remains an action of the MTP speakers. Encourage transit with good facilities.

Because of solar flares "25 year cycle" NOAA- NASA , El Nino and La Nina weather disasters will clog roads even more with mass evacuations etc. Railroads are cheaper to place than roads. Wilmington, Middletown Will pass recommendation to DTC for their use in the 4 16 Pete Meyer 12/6 127 service should be #1 ranking, then Dover to development of their long range transit plan Shore. Evacuation routes should be marked and rapid transit like Mag-Lev people movers promoted. High speed hovercrafts that can move 200 cars or more.

Newtown Road should be built and extended as planned (west of 896 through 273 near The section of Newtown Road between DE896 and DE72 is a Christiana) This would relieve the pressure on Edward recommendation of the 301 MIS and included in the MTP. 4 16 Old Baltimore Pike and Coochs Bridge, caused 12/9 128 Cooch Additional sections to the east are under consideration as part by increased traffic demands from Cecil of the Route 40 study. County. Coochs Bridge is an historical area and deserves to be preserved.

Include contact numbers for Salem County Include contact numbers for Salem County Transit, The Bus, 4 16 Cecil Co 12/10 129 Transit, The Bus, Unicity, UD Transit Unicity, UD Transit

Consider alternate design and construction delivery methods, I.e. design/build/own/operate Dave The MTP does not address this issue, but the suggestion will 4 18 12/13 130 to speed up the process. E-Commerce: How McGuigan be passed along to both DOTs. will it be used to deliver the projects?

Vital to preserve St. Georges Bridge to Edward 4 18 12/9 The 301 MIS has identified this issue also. 131 accommodate growth in SNCC. Cooch

WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan D-43

Clarify how we propose paying greater attention to pedestrian and bicycle safety. Need to consider highway safety along with pedestrian Add: "Roadway safety improvements which create unsafe and bicyclist safety to prevent roadway safety conditions for pedestrians and bicyclists should be avoided. 4 19 NMTS 12/1/99 132 improvements from creating unsafe conditions Bicycle and pedestrian issues should be reviewed before the for pedestrians and bicyclists. Bicycle and design phase begins." pedestrian issues should be reviewed before design phase begins.

Conduct annual review of bicycle and Add action - "Conduct annual review of bicycle and pedestrian 133 4 19 pedestrian crashes to identify locations with NMTS 12/1/99 crashes to identify locations with bicycle or pedestrian safety bicycle or pedestrian safety issues. issues."

Revise Access Management section to reflect Add sentence to Access Management - "MDSHA's Access MDSHA's Access Management policies which Management policies are focused in improving/managing 4 19 are focused in improving/managing access MDOT 12/3 134 access control along selected non-freeway state primary control along selected non-freeway state highways." primary highways.

The MTP supports continued implementation of access In existing areas, limit development of facilities Stanley 4 19 12/1 management efforts to limit access of developments and 135 to allow smooth traffic flow on corridor routes. Grosky provide smooth traffic flow. We must focus more on safety. Pedestrians must be safe on the roads and in expanded policy section on safety to emphasize pedestrian 4 19 Al Matlock 12/1 136 neighborhoods. Hockessin Blvd. Is a good and bicycle safety example of planning with room for all.

Review Section 4.6 with Economic see below for Economic Development Subcommittee 4 20-23 MDOT 11/4 137 Development Subcommittee recommended changes

The best Intelligent systems will need Radiation 138 4 20 Milstrad standards to survive large solar flares. Pete Meyer 12/6 Will pass this along to both DOTs for their consideration. Much bigger problem than Y2K.

WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan D-44

Stop building large super highways. We need to stop funneling the traffic into 1 or 2 main Connie The "New Travel Patterns" policies on pages 4-19 and 4-20 4 20,21 11/29 139 arteries. Instead encourage creative use of all Toschof promote this idea. roads so we have many choices.

[The plans should include:] The cost in lives, disability, and economic loss that the citizenry incurs through dependence upon the automobile. Are the current number of fatalities, especially among the young tolerable and the [MTP] address this question? Will Robert 4 21 fatalities likely rise as a higher proportion of 12/1 SEE # 61 140 Bennett older drivers, un-accommodated by a legitimate alternative to car dependence, fill the highways? Do the planners believe that the proposed bikeways, sidewalks, and road projects in the present [MTP] will have a significant positive impact on these problems? Roadway sweeping of crash debris needs funding so that bicyclists can reduce the Add action to "Examine funding for additional roadway 4 21 DelDOT 11/29 141 frequency and severity of damage to their sweeping" vehicles. I-95 is being used as a commuter road, and that is not what it was designed for. A toll Edward Will pass this idea along to DelDOT to be considered in any 4 21 12/9 142 should be put on it to alleviate the congestion. Cooch study to improve I-95. This would be much cheaper than expanding it.

1st bullet under safety: change "Delaware" to 1st bullet under safety revise to "… for Delaware including 4 21 Cecil Co 12/10 143 "New Castle County" New Castle County"

144 4 22 2nd Bullet under ITS is non-sensical Cecil Co 12/10 "Congestion" becomes heading for third bullet Identify agency(ies) responsible for see attachment #5 table with all actions assigned to 4 21,22 MDOT 11/4 145 implementing each action responsible agencies.

Provide a discount to Cecil County commuters Cecil County WILMAPCO will refer this request to DelDOT for their 4 22 12/15 146 at the Delaware Turnpike toll. residents consideration.

WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan D-45

The section on improving commerce completely misses the mark in terms of the larger context of our region's transportation/economic development challenge. We need to plan for an expanding economy. Given our strategic Addressed through Delaware Goods Movement Study and 4 25 location, additional goods movement will place Cecil Co 12/10 147 Sub-Area Studies increased freight demand for our existing transportation infrastructure. Freight transportation will increasingly compete with person transport, and through traffic will compete with intra-regional traffic.

Have DEDO stop identifying housing DEDO focuses on major industries with above average wages 148 4 25 developments and strip malls as economic Jim Mullin 12/1 for locations zoned appropriately by the county or municipal growth. It becomes sprawl. government Econ Dev 4 25 1st Sentence: Remove "for new business" 11/30 Remove text 149 SC 2nd Paragraph: Note importance of having Insert after sentence 2, paragraph 2: " It is also important to Econ Dev 4 25 transportation facilities concurrent with 11/30 have adequate transportation facilities in place surrounding 150 SC economic development. identified potential economic development sites." Econ Dev 4 25 3rd Paragraph: Remove 2nd sentence 11/30 Remove sentence 2, paragraph 3. Combine paragraphs 3 & 4. 151 SC Railroad double-stacking is mentioned without Economic Development Subcommittee recommends removing 4 25 Cecil Co 12/10 152 specific actions to solve the problem regionally section from text Re-write sentence 1, paragraph 5 to read, " Sites such as the 5th Paragraph: Stress importance of tourist Riverfront Arts Center and the Ship's Tavern District in Econ Dev 4 25 sites for residents of Delaware as well as out- 11/30 Wilmington and Historic New Castle, among others, will be 153 SC of-state tourists supported by a variety of transportation alternatives and will attract visitors from within our region and beyond. 5th Paragraph: Include "water" transportation Econ Dev 4 25 11/30 Add "water service" to sentence 3, paragraph 5 154 for tourists SC

Revise number of truck and rail cars for auto sentence deleted by recommendation of Econ Dev 4 25 Cecil Co 11/4 155 assembly plants Subcommittee

WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan D-46

Change Section Heading to 4.6.2 Economic Econ Dev 4 26 11/30 Inconsistent with remainder of document 156 Development Policies SC

Change heading of 1st paragraph to, Econ Dev Change heading of 1st paragraph to, "Employment Retention 4 26 11/30 157 "Employment Retention & Creation" SC & Creation" Re-write paragraph 1 to read, "As part of the development of this Plan, research on current and forecasted employment was conducted (see Section 3.1.6, page 3-7). Knowing the location and amount of significant employment and distribution centers is critical to the planning of supportive transportation facilities and services. Economic development activities follow zoning and County Comprehensive plans. We should therefore revise Econ Dev 4 26 Change text paragraph 1 11/30 county zoning to be compatible with available or planned 158 SC infrastructure. The transportation investments and policies implemented over the next number of years will work to support smart targeted growth by making investments in the center and community investment areas and for designated employment centers outside of the center and community investment areas and by promoting access to all modes at designated employment centers for commuter traffic. Strike "efficiency of operations at the Port of Econ Dev Strike "efficiency of operations at the Port of Wilmington, and 4 26 Wilmington, and affect the" from sentence 2, 11/30 159 SC affect the" from sentence 2, paragraph 3 paragraph 3 Bullet 1, Freight Movement section, remove "in Econ Dev 4 26 11/30 Bullet 1, Freight Movement section, remove "in and" 160 and" SC Bullet 3, Freight Movement section, add "rail-to- Econ Dev Bullet 3, Freight Movement section, add "rail-to-truck and 4 26 11/30 161 truck and truck-to-rail SC truck-to-rail

Add bullet 5, "Encourage the shifting of goods Econ Dev Add bullet 5, "Encourage the shifting of goods movement from 4 26 11/30 162 movement from truck to rail" SC truck to rail"

What specific "intermodal freight transfer text revisions recommended by Economic Development 4 26 Cecil Co 12/10 163 facilities" are being referenced? Subcommittee (see above)

Review and clarify freight rail line text revisions recommended by Economic Development 164 4 26 improvements, transfer facilities and add to Cecil Co 11/4 Subcommittee, investments to be added as appropriate from investments as appropriate recommendations of the Delaware Goods Movement Plan

WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan D-47

Delete paragraphs 3 & 4 from Freight Econ Dev 4 26-27 11/30 Delete paragraphs 3 & 4 from Freight Movement section 165 Movement section SC The DPPI Urban Growth Task Force wants higher priority in transportation for cultural, Wilm WILMAPCO will consider this in future revisions to the 4 27 tourist and historical assets. This should be 10/26 166 Renaissance prioritization process. reflected in the recommendations. (and DelDOT's project ranking) If Commerce Bank and Regional office (capacity to service 2500 cars per 12 hr. day) Stanley Land development projects are reviewed by New Castle 4 27 locates at 2035 Limestone Rd, there will be 12/1 167 Grosky County and DelDOT and decided upon by New Castle County. even more gridlock traffic at Limestone Rd and Kirkwood Hwy Change Section Heading to 4.6.3 Economic Econ Dev 4 27 11/30 Inconsistent with remainder of document 168 Development Actions SC The development and completion of a Delaware Freight Movement Study and a Update bullets to read: " Development and implement projects 169 4 27 Delaware State Rail Plan are sited, however, Cecil Co 12/10 specific to New Castle County from the Delaware Freight WILMAPCO is resposible only for activites in Goods Movement Plan…" New Castle County, DE Change heading of Economic Development Econ Dev Change heading of Economic Development section to, 4 27 11/30 170 section to, "Employment Retention & Creation" SC "Employment Retention & Creation" Econ Dev 4 27 Remove bullet 5 from Tourism section 11/30 Remove bullet 5 from Tourism section 171 SC Bullet 6, Tourism section, remove "to the Econ Dev 4 27 11/30 Bullet 6, Tourism section, remove "to the beaches" 172 beaches" SC Bullet 5 delete, "Develop", add "Implement the Econ Dev Bullet 5 delete, "Develop", add "Implement the 4 27 11/30 173 recommendations from" SC recommendations from" Econ Dev 4 27 Insert Investments from Table 4-1 11/30 Insert Investments from Table 4-1 174 SC Identify agency(ies) responsible for see attachment #5 table with all actions assigned to 4 27,28 MDOT 11/4 175 implementing each action responsible agencies.

Add investments under this strategy including the bridge. better publicize inclusion of Tyler McConnell New Castle 4 28 12/14 WILMAPCO will work to publicize this project as part of the 176 bridge in the MTP Co. final stage of MTP review and approval.

WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan D-48

Update Annual Effectiveness Review section to read, "Continue to measure the effectiveness of this strategy with measures such as: employer and employee growth by sector; Econ Dev 4 28 Update Annual Effectiveness Review section 11/30 tourism visitors and investment; investments in freight 177 SC movement facilities; personal income; tons of freight by mode, ton-mile by mode, % of freight shipped by truck, and other measures. A freight facilities map was brought to the 11/30 The purpose was to begin the review at that meeting so that a 4 29 Economic Development subcommittee without Cecil Co 12/10 178 final map could be included in the final 2025 MTP. prior agency/jurisdictional review.

Insert Interim Regional Freight Facilities Map with note that the Econ Dev 4 29 Insert Freight Map 11/30 map will be revised as a result of the Delaware Goods 179 SC, Staff Movement Plan currently under development

Add map of port, aviation, rail, and major truck Interim Map included in Final Draft; revisions are being 4 29 MDOT 11/4 180 terminals developed by member agencies. Include: MD 277 from MD 279 to west of MD 316 MD 316 from MD 277 to CSX Main Line MD 545 from MD 213 to west of MD 279 Shipping channels in Chesapeake Bay, Elk River, Delaware River, and C&D Canal Interchanges with I-95 Major Truck Stops/Repair Facilities 4 29 Revisions to freight map Cecil Co 12/8 181 Delete: MD 272 south of US 40 MD 222 from MD 275 to US 1 MD 7 Triumph Industrial Park Rail Siding Pomeroy Branch Rail line (Newark) Modify: MD 273 specify for intra-regional freight movement only Need a clearer definition of what a freight facility is - do we include only through roads, or Discussions with Economic Development subcommittee 4 29 Cecil Co 12/8 182 access roads to important freight destinations should provide further detail as well?

WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan D-49

Revise funding tables (Tables 4-1, 4-2, 4-3) to Revise funding tables (Tables 4-1, 4-2, 4-3) to reflect updated 4 30-31 Staff 12/20 183 reflect updated financial estimates. financial estimates.

Highlight what is actually spent getting people out of cars. Include total cost of transportation Add discussion and chart describing breakdown by mode with spending, broken down by state and/or county, caveat that road projects will also include transit, bicycle and Marion 4 31 percentage of this spending allotted to all forms 12/6 pedestrian elements. 65% roads, 33% transit, 2% 184 Stewart of mass transit, also broken down by bicycle/pedestrian. Breakdown by County and State is state/county and percentage of transportation included in Tables 4-1 and 4-2. spending allotted to bus systems.

Transit investments are lumped together in the last ten years Move the transit improvements to be John of the MTP only because DTC will develop a long range transit 4 32 implemented sooner in the Plan. Waiting till the 12/1 185 Flaherty plan. When the transit plan is adopted, the details and timing final years is too late. Put in the next 5 years. of transit investments will be added to the MTP.

Current listing of intersection improvements lists Coordinate intersection listing with reccomendations from 4 32-35 Staff 12/20 186 intersections that have recently been improved. study currently being conducted by DelDOT. revise Table 4-1 as per attachment #3 to reflect projects Review and revise list of projects, descriptions, prioritized and selected by WILMAPCO with reduced revenue 187 4 32-35 costs, and timing with DOTs and member Staff 11/4 estimate included. Corrections made including deletion of agencies projections funded for construction in FY2000 such as section of SR1 and street projects in Wilmington. St George’s Bridge should be aggressively pursued to be kept open? It has a road built 4 32 Eric Dressler 12/1 WILMAPCO supports the retention of the St. Georges Bridge. 188 already, people still use it and more people are moving south. Build a Peter Minuit Bridge over the New This recommendation will be referred to the City of Wilmington 4 32 Brandywine River off 12 th Street. This would Sweden 12/1 189 for consideration. help traffic on the I-95, I-495 corridor Centre

WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan D-50

Do NOT include an in-street rail system for the Wilmington Trolley. It has less flexibility and is prohibitively expensive compared to the rubber tired "old fashioned" cars. Use the funds to New connect the Shipyard shops and Riverfront Arts The 2025 MTP includes the recommendation from the 4 32 Sweden 12/1 190 Center, the Ship's Tavern District, the Market Wilmington Transit Connector Study - a steel wheel trolley. Centre Street Mall to Trolley Square and Art Museum and the New Sweden Peninsula with Kalmar Nyckel, Fort Christina Park, Old Swedes' Church and a new museum .

In Table 4-1, it is unclear whether the costs for An additional operating cost segment has been added to the 4 32 transit/rail projects are capital costs, operating Cecil Co 12/10 191 transit component of Table 4-1. costs, or both.

The DelMarVa Rail Passenger Association's An action item was added to the Improving Mobility Section 192 4 32 Rail Plan recommendations do not appear in Cecil Co 12/10 (section 4.4.3) to develop the DRPA's rail plan. No specific the list of investments recommendations are available yet.

Planned expansion projects in Table 4-1 The MTP is a balanced plan including the expansion of roads, include many to expand road capacity which Public 4 32-36 11/30 transit services, carpooling services, bicycle facilities and 193 encourages auto trips and works against mass Meeting pedestrian facilities transit, carpooling, etc. Why is there a proposed road widening at There is a DelDOT safety project at this location. We will ask Kirkwood Hwy’s McDonalds. It would increase 4 36 Francis Hart 12/1 DelDOT to provide details on the extent of the impact on the 194 traffic to Main St. and destroy a landscaped landscaped island. island. Table 4-2 - Revise table to summarize major Table 4-2 - Revise table to summarize major categories of 195 4 36 categories of projects prioritized by DelDOT & DelDOT 11/4 projects prioritized by DelDOT & MDOT and to reflect revised MDOT and to reflect revised revenue estimates revenue estimates

we will continue to improve the Annual Effectiveness Review Monitor our success of the Plan. Make failures SUPP Vic Singer 12/1 by developing target quality of life indices, track the results 196 conspicuous, like the increase in congestion. over time, and report the findings

Figure S-6 does not specify that it is only for Add similar data for Cecil County (MOP) - or, add text SUPP 11 Cecil Co 12/10 197 New Castle County specifying that Figure S-6 is only for New Castle County

WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan D-51

Figure S-8 contains regional information, but SUPP 13 Cecil Co 12/10 Include regional data in text beneath figure S-8 198 the text beneath it does not.

The Supplement was done last year as the most recent Annual Figure S-18 seems to reflect the 10% SOV trip Effectiveness Review and therefore includes a review against SUPP 18 reduction goal. It was stated at the Council Cecil Co 12/10 199 the 2020 MTP 10% mode shift objective. The 10% mode shift retreat that this has been abandoned. Has it? is no longer a specific objective of the MTP. Figure S-17 does not include data for all SUPP 20 Cecil Co 12/10 Incorporate all current ridership trends into Figure S-17 200 regional transit services This Office has no record of a mission 201 APP A 3 statement for WILMAPCO ever having been Cecil Co. 12/10 Delete "Mission - …" approved. Table B-1 reflects only New Castle County Add Cecil County traffic volumes (MDOT) or specify that data APP B 2 Cecil Co 12/10 202 traffic projections is for only New Castle County.

Table B-2 does not include ridership data for APP B 2 Cecil Co 12/10 Add ridership data for Salem County Transit (Route 423) 203 Salem County Transit Table B-3 does not include Christiana Mall APP B 3 Cecil Co 12/10 Add Christiana Mall Park & Ride and number of spaces 204 Park& Ride

Update Figure B-5 to show 2025 Demographics Update Figure B-5 to show 2025 Demographics and new TIA APP B 4 Staff 11/4 205 and new TIA definitions definitions

Table B-10 reflects only New Castle County Add similar data for Cecil County (MDOT) - or, add text APP B 6 Cecil Co 12/10 206 numbers specifying that Table B-10 is only for New Castle County

Update Figure B-9 to show correct Avg. trip Change 2025 Trend Avg. trip length to 8.92 miles and 2025 APP B 6 Staff 12/1 207 length for 2025 plan and 2025 trend Plan 20 8.82 miles DelDOT maintains roadway inventory data by districts, not Table B-11a does not include all of New Castle counties. The Central district includes portions of New Castle APP B 7 Cecil Co 12/10 208 County AND Kent County, so that data was not incorporated into Table B-11 a 209 APP B 9-10 Update data summary with completed summary Staff 11/30 see attachment #6 revised table Record of public comment appears incomplete Include all public comments received to date - as recorded in APP D All - appears to be virtually no public comments Cecil Co 12/10 210 this and previous Errata sheets after 1/99

WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan D-52

More public input is required Would like a David public input has been sought since the fall of 1998; we will APP E 12/1 211 speaker to come to the 7 & 40 Alliance. Tackett work with the 7 & 40 Alliance for a presentation and discussion

Update Public Outreach appendix to include all APP E Staff 12/28 Update Public Outreach appendix to include all activities 212 activites to date These were projects suggested throughout our comment Many questions were raised as to projects period. All comments, suggestions and projects were APP G MDOT 12/3 213 listed, definitions of areas and scenarios. evaluated. The final definition that was agreed upon is provided in Chap 4. Scenario grading is inconsistent and the Overall APP G MDOT 12/3 The grading was reviewed and corrected. 214 grades are not accurate

Consider the costs of accidents and provide revise to reflect revised estimate of available resources for APP G 17 more detailed explanation for the construction, MDOT 11/4 215 operation and maintenance to "$3.3 billion" operation, and maintenance costs.

Revise New Castle County emissions, emission Revise New Castle County emissions, emission reduction 216 APP I reduction strategies, and text to reflect changes Staff 12/20 strategies, and text to reflect changes from final round of from final round of emissions modeling emissions modeling based on revised budget and emissions number from MDE, Update Cecil County emissions - change to APP I 4 AQ SC 11/19 2002, 2005, 2015, & 2025 budget numbers change to 217 2002 budget 2.7(VOC) and 6.3(Nox), Item 2: "Pursue" suggests that appropriate 218 APP I 6 legislative and administrative means actually Cecil Co 12/10 Change "Pursue" to "Explore" exist 219 APP J Add MDOT financial revenue estimate MDOT 12/3 Add MDOT financial revenue estimate

More needs to be done regarding impact on our regional interstate system. Delaware takes a more than half of projected revenues are from federal sources major hit from through trips that local traffic Public APP J 12/1 and interstate projects are matched with 90 to 95% federal 220 must compete with. More federal money Meeting funding should be appropriated to address existing and future interstate traffic.

WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan D-53

Appendix E – Record of Public Outreach

Approx. # Date & Presenter(s)/ Audience Meeting location TITLE/Topic(s) of Time Facilitator(s) attendees 9/14/98 WILMAPCO PAC WILMAPCO Conference MTP Update Scope of Work 20 Charles Baker Room 7:30 PM 9/17/98 WILMAPCO TAC WILMAPCO Conference MTP Update Scope of Work 30 Tony Di Giacomo Room 10 AM 9/21/98 GHADA Center for the Creative TIA Maps and the MTP Update Process 50 Tony Di Giacomo Arts - Hockessin 8:00 PM 9/23/98 WILMAPCO Economic WILMAPCO Conference MTP Update Scope of Work & Possible New 11 Tony Di Giacomo Development Subcommittee Room Actions 1:30 PM 9/23/98 WILMAPCO – DE COT, TIP- Del. Tech. & Community MTP Update Process & Regional 125 Alex Taft CIP Public Hearing College- Stanton Campus Accomplishments Since MTP Adoption 7:30 PM 10/07/98 WILMAPCO Non-motorized WILMAPCO Conference MTP Update – Potential New Actions and Rough 15 Heather Ehrlich/ T. Transportation Subcommittee Room Draft Document Di Giacomo 10 AM 10/13/98 WILMAPCO PAC WILMAPCO Conference MTP Update – Potential New Actions and Rough 20 Tony Di Giacomo/ Room Draft Document C. Baker, A. Taft, 7:30 PM D. Saladino 10/15/98 WILMAPCO TAC WILMAPCO Conference MTP Update – Potential New Actions and Rough 30 Tony Di Giacomo/ Room Draft Document C. Baker, A. Taft 10 AM 10/20/98 Civic League of New Castle Artesian Water Company MTP Update Process, Potential New Actions & 35 Tony Di Giacomo County Auditorium, Stanton Regional Accomplishments Since MTP Adoption 7:30 PM 11/02/98 Bear-Glasgow Civic Council Glasgow Medical Center, MTP Update Process, Potential New Actions & 20 Charles Baker Glasgow Regional Accomplishments Since MTP Adoption 7:30 PM

WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan E-1

Approx. # Date & Presenter(s)/ Audience Meeting location TITLE/Topic(s) of Time Facilitator(s) attendees 11/05/98 WILMAPCO Council Meeting Elkton Town Council MTP Update Schedule and Kickoff Event Update 25 Tony Di Giacomo Chambers, Elkton 7:30 PM 11/16/98 WILMAPCO PAC WILMAPCO Conference MTP Update Schedule and Kickoff Event Update 20 Charles Baker Room 7:30 PM 11/19/98 WILMAPCO TAC WILMAPCO Conference MTP Update Schedule and Kickoff Event Update 30 Tony Di Giacomo Room 10 AM 12/3/98 WILMAPCO Non-Motorized WILMAPCO Conference MTP Review and Comments 12 Heather Ehrlich Subcommittee Room 10AM 12/10/98 Registrants interested in livable J. M. Clayton Hall, LIVABLE COMMUNITIES WORKSHOP 100 Michael Wallwork communities and traffic calming Newark 2-4 PM How the MTP recommendations can support traffic issues calming efforts and more livable communities in the region Gathered recommendations for the update 12/16/98 Truckers, Trucking Companies, WILMAPCO Conference FREIGHT & SHIPPERS ISSUES 8 Tony Di Giacomo Shippers (Gawthrop, Klein), Room How the MTP recommendations can affect traffic 12 NOON Diamond State Port Corp and their business, access issues, congestion costs, (Sprague), DRBA (Gonnella), NS safety, railroads and gather their recommendations (Washbon) for the update, MTP Update Process, Potential New Actions & 1/11/99 Bear-Glasgow Civic Council Bear Grange 40 Charles Baker Regional Accomplishments Since MTP Adoption 7 PM 1/16/99 Planning Commission Members WILMAPCO Conference PLANNING COMMISSION MEMBER’S 3 Tony Di Giacomo (Baty, Singer, Walbeck) Room ISSUES 10 AM How the MTP affects their plans, exploration of common issues, municipal, community and village issues, and gather recommendations for the update MTP Update Process, Potential New Actions & 1/18/99 Newark Rotary Club Holiday Inn 25 Charles Baker Regional Accomplishments Since MTP Adoption 6 PM

WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan E-2

Approx. # Date & Presenter(s)/ Audience Meeting location TITLE/Topic(s) of Time Facilitator(s) attendees 1/19/99 WILMAPCO EDS Invitees Wilmington 2000 TOURISM ISSUES FOCUS GROUP 10 Tony Di Giacomo How the MTP affects their marketing and plans, 1:30 PM 301 N. Walnut St. exploration of common issues, their 11th Floor recommendations for the Plan update 1/21/99 WILMAPCO TAC WILMAPCO Conference TAC FOCUS GROUP 20 Staff Room 10 AM MTP Update Process, Potential New Actions & 1/21/99 Southern New Castle County Middletown 30 Charles Baker Regional Accomplishments Since MTP Adoption Alliance 7 PM MTP Update Process, Potential New Actions & 1/21/99 Delaware Motor Transport Ass’n. Dover Sheraton 35 Tony Di Giacomo Regional Accomplishments Since MTP Adoption 7 PM MTP Update Process, Potential New Actions & 1/25/99 Delegate Ruldolf’s Municipalities Cecil Community College 20 Tony Di Giacomo Regional Accomplishments Since MTP Adoption Legislative Outreach MTP Update Process, Potential New Actions & 1/25/99 Pike Creek Valley Civic League Linden Knoll Clubhouse 20 Tony Di Giacomo Regional Accomplishments Since MTP Adoption Meeting 1/27/99 Architects, Builders, Developers, WILMAPCO Conference LAND USE/URBAN DESIGN ISSUES 4 Charles Baker Engineers, Realtors, Community Room Traditional neighborhood design, Transit-oriented 7 PM groups development, Mobility-friendly design 1/28/99 Chambers of Commerce, WILMAPCO Conference ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ISSUES 0 Tony Di Giacomo Committee of 100, Wilmington Room Access to jobs, jobs growth, attractive and healthy 7 PM 2000, Downtown Newark environment, potential conflict between economy & Partnership, Elkton Alliance environment 2/1/99 Transit riders, elected officials, WILMAPCO Conference TRANSIT ISSUES 5 Tony Di Giacomo (Vic Singer) Room MTP and transit, park’n ride facilities, Welfare to 7 PM Work, transit service levels, new service, security, shelters/stops, customer amenities and safety 2/3/99 WILMAPCO Non-Motorized WILMAPCO Conference MTP Review and Comments 10 Heather Ehrlich Subcommittee Room 10AM

WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan E-3

Approx. # Date & Presenter(s)/ Audience Meeting location TITLE/Topic(s) of Time Facilitator(s) attendees 2/18/99 Transit operators, emergency WILMAPCO Conference SYSTEM OPERATIONS ISSUES 0 Charles Baker services Room Implementation of ITS technologies, performance 7 PM measures, safety, congestion costs MTP Update Process, Potential New Actions & 2/15/99 GHADA Memorial Hall 50 Alex Taft Regional Accomplishments Since MTP Adoption 2/18/99 WILMAPCO TAC WILMAPCO Conference TAC FOCUS GROUP 20 Staff Room 10 AM MTP Update Process, Potential New Actions & 3/2/99 Traffic Operations WILMAPCO Conference 0 Charles Baker Regional Accomplishments Since MTP Adoption Room 4/7/99 WILMAPCO Non-Motorized WILMAPCO Conference MTP Review and Comments 10 Heather Ehrlich Subcommittee Room 10AM MTP Update Process, Potential New Actions & 5/18/99 Civic League./NCC Artesian Water Co.Bldg. 35 Charles Baker Regional Accomplishments Since MTP Adoption 7:30 PM 6/2/99 WILMAPCO Non-Motorized WILMAPCO Conference MTP Review and Comments 12 Heather Ehrlich Subcommittee Room 10AM 6/14/99 WILMAPCO PAC WILMAPCO Conference PAC Review and Comments 20 Staff Room 7:00PM 6/17/99 WILMAPCO TAC WILMAPCO Conference TAC Review and Comments 30 Staff Room 10 AM 7/15/99 WILMAPCO TAC White Clay Creek Park TAC Review and Comments 25 Staff 10 PM 8/4/99 WILMAPCO Non-Motorized WILMAPCO Conference MTP Review and Comments 10 Heather Ehrlich Subcommittee Room 10AM 8/19/99 WILMAPCO TAC WILMAPCO Conference TAC Review and Comments 30 Staff Room 10 AM

WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan E-4

Approx. # Date & Presenter(s)/ Audience Meeting location TITLE/Topic(s) of Time Facilitator(s) attendees 8/30/99 Joint PAC/TAC WILMAPCO Conference Joint PAC/TAC Review of model results and Plan 35 Staff Room scenarios. 3:00 PM 9/13/99 WILMAPCO PAC WILMAPCO Conference PAC Review and Comments 25 Staff Room 7 PM

9/16/99 WILMAPCO TAC WILMAPCO Conference TAC Review and Comments 30 Staff Room 10 AM 9/29/99 WILMAPCO TAC WILMAPCO Conference TAC Review of final draft results 20 Staff Room 10 AM 10/25/99 Pike Creek Valley Civic League Linen Knoll MTP Presentation 10 Charles Baker Review Goals, Strategies and Investments for the 7:30 PM new 2025 Plan 11/15 GHADA Civic MTP Presentation 60 Alex Taft Review Goals, Strategies and Investments for the new 2025 Plan 11/17/99 Middletown Downtown MOT Senior Center MTP Presentation 70 David Saladino 7:00 p.m. Businessmen Review Goals, Strategies and Investments for the new 2025 Plan 11/18 Southern New Castle Count MTP Presentation 30 Charles Baker Alliance Review Goals, Strategies and Investments for the new 2025 Plan 11/22 League of Women Voters WILMAPCO Conference MTP Presentation 10 Charles Baker Room Review Goals, Strategies and Investments for the new 2025 Plan

WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan E-5

Approx. # Date & Presenter(s)/ Audience Meeting location TITLE/Topic(s) of Time Facilitator(s) attendees 11/23/99 University of Delaware – UD – Newark MTP Presentation 25 David Saladino 10:00 a.m. Transportation Geography Class Review Goals, Strategies and Investments for the new 2025 Plan 11/30 Economic Development WIMAPCO Conference MTP Presentation 8 Charles Baker Subcommittee room Review Goals, Strategies and Investments for the new 2025 Plan 12/1 Non-Motorized Subcommittee WIMAPCO Conference MTP Presentation 10 Heather Ehrlich room Review Goals, Strategies and Investments for the 10 AM new 2025 Plan 12/1 Public Meeting Embassy Suites, Newark, MTP Presentation of the Final Draft. Exhibit 90 Alex Taft DE boards, presentations by Council and public 6 PM comment period. Comment sheets provided. 12/2 CCOBH MTP Presentation 45 Alex Taft 7 PM Review Goals, Strategies and Investments for the new 2025 Plan 12/6 NCC Chamber Govt NCC Chamber offices MTP Presentation 6 Charles Baker Review Goals, Strategies and Investments for the 4PM new 2025 Plan 12/6 Odessa Town Coucnil Odessa Town Hall MTP Presentation 30 Charles Baker 7 PM Review Goals, Strategies and Investments for the new 2025 Plan 12/14 Cecil County Chamber of Schaeffers Canal House, MTP Presentation 45 Charles Baker Commerce Chesapeake City, MD Review Goals, Strategies and Investments for the 12 PM new 2025 Plan 12/14 New Castle County Council Land City/County Building, MTP Presentation 15 Charles Baker Use Committee Wilmington, DE Review Goals, Strategies and Investments for the 5 PM new 2025 Plan 12/15 Town of Elkton public meeting Elkton Town Hall MTP Presentation 20 Charles Baker Review Goals, Strategies and Investments for the 6:30 PM new 2025 Plan

WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan E-6

Approx. # Date & Presenter(s)/ Audience Meeting location TITLE/Topic(s) of Time Facilitator(s) attendees 1/13/00 Real Property section – DE State DE State Chamber of MTP Presentation 15 David Saladino Bar Commerce offices, Review Goals, Strategies and Investments for the 8:30 AM Wilmington, DE new 2025 Plan 1/18/00 Red Clay Valley Kiwanis Club Diamond State MTP Presentation 20 David Saladino 6:30 PM Restaurant, Elsmere Review Goals, Strategies and Investments for the new 2025 Plan 2/15/00 Newark Lions Club Newark Senior Center, MTP Presentation 30 David Saladino 6:30 PM Newark, DE Review Goals, Strategies and Investments for the new 2025 Plan

62 meetings scheduled through 2/15, as of 12/28/1999. Attendees: 1600 people

WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan E-7

Appendix G – Scenario Assessment

This appendix describes the process used to develop the plan and provides an assessment of the plan as it relates to our goals and various performance measures.

The four scenarios reflected the range of public policy and investment choices considered for the region and were developed through discussions with members of the public and our Council member agencies.

The scenarios were evaluated by a variety of performance measures related to the regional goals. These performance measures fall into four general categories:

1. Mobility/Accessibility 2. Livability 3. Environmental Preservation and Air Quality 4. Cost and Financial Reasonableness

The details of the different scenarios and performance measures are described in the sections below.

G.1 Description of Scenarios

There were four different scenarios evaluated in this Plan. When compared to a future scenario in which no new transportation projects are constructed, (“No Build” Scenario) we were able to demonstrate the different results obtained by various future public policy and investment decisions for the region.

The four scenarios were developed to cover all public policy options which were under consideration in our region. Each scenario consisted of four major elements:

1. Transportation Investment Area Policy Maps 2. Location of Forecasted Households and Employment 3. Transportation Investments 4. Assumed Future Mode Shares

G.1.1 Transportation Investment Area Policy Maps

The investment area policy maps are used to illustrate the areas of our region where we anticipate investing our transportation dollars over the next 25 years. The tested scenarios used four different investment levels described below. These levels indicated the type of transportation projects that the Maryland and Delaware Departments of Transportation would invest in for each area, based on their anticipated population and employment growth, as well as the pattern of development.

WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan G-1

The tested scenarios focus on investments to create centers. This helps to strengthening our goal to enhance the transportation network, thereby creating a more desirable environment to live and work. Centers were proposed to serve as the transportation “hubs” in our regional transportation network. They were defined as central areas that provide safe and efficient access to numerous travel modes; from bicycling and walking to public transit and driving. Safe, interconnected, and clearly marked sidewalks and bikeways, well-marked and accessible transit stops, and roadways designed on a pedestrian scale are all elements of a multimodal center. In addition to being a regional transportation hub, multimodal centers often are a hub of activity for entertainment, shopping, and dining.

The use of public transportation such as buses, jitneys and trains could provide enhanced mobility within these centers and reduce the need for private auto use. By providing a clean, safe, comfortable and convenient way for pedestrians and cyclists to get around, we would further aid in reducing traffic congestion. By zoning for more dense development, reducing restrictions on mixed-use development, and providing supportive design guidelines and investment policies, we would be able to create vibrant, attractive and economically viable places in which to live and work.

There are four categories for Transportation Investment Areas: Center, Community, Developing and Rural. The Investment Areas differentiate between higher and lower density areas to help determine where our transportation dollars are needed most. The definitions for these areas have evolved over the last few months to reflect our States’ and Countys’ growth plans. They also reflect our efforts to invest more heavily in existing centers to encourage multimodal alternatives, while ensuring that newly developed areas maintain a safe and functional transportation system. Using these definitions help us determine how to distribute our limited financial resources.

We created four investment policy maps when testing the 2025 MTP. They were developed through discussions with WILMAPCO member agencies, the WILMAPCO Public Advisory Committee, the WILMAPCO Technical Advisory Committee, and WILMAPCO staff.

Each of the investment policy maps reflects the zoning in Cecil and New Castle Counties and has been changed from the 2020 MTP so that the zoning boundaries coincide with the investment area boundaries. All four scenarios reflect the same investment areas in

WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan G-2

Cecil County following County zoning and Maryland Smart Growth Priority Investment Areas. The scenarios do, however, reflect significant policy and investment differences in Southern New Castle County. Figure G-1 Transportation Investment Area Policy Scenarios

1. The first scenario, “Centers-Based,” showed an investment policy concentrating investments in the existing centers of the region and along the I-95 corridor. 2. The second scenario, “Trend,” reflected the strategies of the 2020 MTP and supported trend growth in the region. 3. The third scenario, “South Employment-Based,” reflected an investment package to support significant population increase and two new major employment centers in Southern New Castle County. 4. The fourth scenario, “South Employment and Center-Based,” showed the investment policy needed to support not only the two employment centers, but also the addition of a new residential mixed-use center in Southern New Castle County. The fourth scenario’s expansion area south of the canal most accurately reflected the County’s Suburban zoning and proposed sewer service area.

G.1.2 Population and Employment Forecasts

WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan G-3

Population and employment forecasts have been made for the year 2025. These trend forecasts were drafted by the University of Delaware’s Center for Applied Demography and Survey Research, reviewed by the WILMAPCO member agencies, and adopted by the WILMAPCO Council on May 13, 1999.

As this plan was being developed, different potential growth scenarios emerged from discussions with the public, county and state agencies. The different scenarios reflected varying future transportation investments across our region. These differences in future growth are shown in density maps in Figures G-2 and G-3.

Figure G-2 Population Density Projections by Scenario

WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan G-4

Figure G-3 Employment Density Projections by Scenario

Note the addition of the two employment centers in Southern New Castle County in scenarios 3 and 4. A summary of the different population and employment projections used for the scenarios is presented below in Table G-1.

Table G-1 Demographic Projections by Scenario

1995 2025 – Scen. 1 2025 – Scen. 2 2025 – Scen. 3 2025 – Scen. 4 Pop’n Empl Pop’n Empl Pop’n Empl Pop’n Empl Pop’n Empl North - 457,438 267,101 492,522 318,369 492,522 318,369 480,739 308,977 470,739 307,976 NCC South - 25,368 4,945 48,173 5,607 48,217 5,607 60,000 15,000 70,000 16,000 NCC NCC – 482,806 272,046 540,695 323,976 540,739 323,976 540,739 323,977 540,739 323,976 Total Cecil 78,402 26,000 103,666 35,100 103,666 35,100 103,666 35,100 103,666 35,100 County Region 561,208 298,046 644,361 359,076 644,405 359,076 644,405 359,077 644,405 359,076

WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan G-5

G.1.3 Investment Scenarios

After developing alternative policy and demographic projections for each of the four build scenarios, the assignment of individual major investments was made to each scenario for evaluation purposes.

From September 1998 through June 1999, WILMAPCO staff and member agencies collected all the major transportation project suggestions from the public and professionals. These suggestions were then sorted into two major categories, expansion projects and management projects. The expansion projects were first reviewed with the public at a workshop on February 10, 1999 and then by WILMAPCO’s Public and Technical Advisory Committees in April, 1999. Out of these meetings resulted a prioritized list of expansion projects. The management projects generally have separate prioritizing systems at both states’ Departments of Transportation.

The expansion projects were then screened to make sure that they were consistent with each of the policy maps for each scenario. For example, a roadway-widening project would not be included in a scenario if the project were located in a management or preservation investment area.

Finally, the expansion projects were then reviewed against technical criteria. These technical criteria were derived from data and travel demand model information. Each project received a point for each of the following six criteria it addressed:

Ø addressing a location with existing congestion, Ø addressing a location with future congestion, Ø supporting economic development or freight movement, Ø investing in designated centers, Ø avoiding impacts on wetlands, forests, and agricultural areas, or Ø completing a project currently funded for construction

The expansion projects were then assigned to each scenario based upon their evaluation score. Many of the projects were included in all four scenarios. Tables G-2a and G-2b list all of the expansion projects reviewed.

These projects formed the potential capital investment portion of the 2025 MTP. These investments, coupled with policies and actions, would reflect the entire effort to achieve the goals of the 2025 MTP. The final set of policies, actions, and investments that make up the 2025 MTP are described in detail in Chapter 4. The investments are not only listed, but also prioritized as short-term (1-5 years), mid-term (5-15 years) and long-term (15-25 years).

In the assessment, we were testing different investment scenarios to see how well they help to reach the region’s transportation, growth, and quality of life goals. After evaluating the results, the preferred set of investments for the 2025 MTP was selected and is detailed in Chapter 4.

WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan G-6 Table G-2 Major Investments by Scenario Scenarios NB 1 2 3 4 1 Bus services-double existing plus new routes (minus Churchmans and Newark) 2 Expand Existing Bus Service x x x x 3 New Express Bus Service x x 4 New Local Bus Service x x x 5 Churchmans Crossing Plan 6 Doubling DART Bus Service Frequencies x x x x 7 MTP New Local Bus Routes x x x x 8 MTP New Express Bus Routes x x x x 9 Churchmans Crossing Rail Service x x x x 10 New Local Bus Routes x x x x 11 New Express Bus Routes x x x x 12 Shuttle Route System x x x x 13 Churchmans Road Extension, New 2 Lane Road, SR 4 to SR 2 x x x x 14 Ramp from Churchmans Road to NB I-95 x x x x 15 Christiana Bypass, New Connection, SR 273 E of University Plaza north to Rd A (Continuation of Eagle Run Rd) x x x x 16 Newark/Elkton Plan 17 Newark - Elkton Local Bus Service x x x x 18 Elkton - Wilmington Express Bus Service x x x x 19 Make Christina Parkway Consistently 4 Lanes - Add 1 additional lane east of SR 2 x x x x 20 Rail Projects 21 Rail – Elkton to Perryville x 22 Rail - Newark to Elkton x x x x 23 Rail – Wilm to Kent County Line x x 24 Trolley - Wilmington to US 202 x x 25 Rail - Newark to Wilmington x 26 Wilmington Initiatives Plan 27 Wilmington Transit Connector x x x x 28 301 MIS Base Improvements: DE 72/I-95 Interchange - Ramps to & from the north; Newtown Road from DE 896 to DE 72 - New 2 Lane Road; SR 896 Frontage Roads 2-lane, 2-way roadways – Southbound side between Old Baltimore Pike & Old Route 896, Southbound side between Porter Road and SR 71; SR 1 Widening - Add 1 additional lane in 29 x x x x each direction between US 13 and I-95; New Roadway from Peoples Plaza across 896 (south of US 40), New Roadway from SE quadrant of 40/896 intersection across US 40 to connect to DuPont-Glasgow Rd; Transit, Pedestrian and Bicycle Improvements 30 Widen 301+ Boyds Corner Road - Add 1 lane in each direction from MD State Line to Boyds Corner x

New 4-lane, limited access expressway from MD Line north to Summit, east to SR 1 - with partial interchange at 31 Middletown to and from Middletown, full interchange with SR 896 in Summit, full interchange in Whitehall, partial x x interchange at SR 1 - to and from the north. 32 EIS Corridor

WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan 3-7

Scenarios NB 1 2 3 4 33 Route 40 Plan TIP/CIP Improvements: Route 7/40 Interchange, Eden Square Connector, Newtown Road Ramps, Grade 34 x x x x separation of US 40 at Conrail Tracks Minimum Build Scenario: Intersection improvements at US 40 & Pleasant Valley Road, Glasgow Ave, Scotland 35 x Dr, Wellington Dr, Walther Rd, and Governor's Square Partial Northern Relief Route Scenario: New 2-lane, limited access highway between SR 896 and SR 1 along 36 x Newtown Road alignment.

Full Northern Relief Route Scenario: New 2-lane, limited access highway between US 40 north to 896 and east 37 x to SR 1 along Newton Road alignment Roadway Widening Scenario: Widen US 40 one lane in each direction, Grade separated interchanges at: 13/40, 38 72/40, 896/40; Widening SR 7 from US 40 to SR 273, Widening SR 72 from US 40 to Old Baltimore Pike; DE 72/I- x 95 Interchange – Ramps to & from the north; Access Controls 39 US 202 / 141 Area 40 Widen Tyler McConnel Bridge to 4 Lanes x x x x 41 I-95 / US 202 Interchange - Widen NB I-95 off-ramps to 2 lanes x x x x 42 New DE 141 Alignment -- Rockland Road to US 202 x x x x x 43 DE 141 -- Limit access between DE 2 & DE 34 to create major arterial x x x x 44 US 202 - Murphy Road to south of Foulk Road - Add 1 lane SB US 202 x x x x x 45 Road Expansion 46 I-95 widening - Susquehanna River to I-295 - Add 1 lane in each direction x x x x 47 SR 1 / I-95 Interchange Improvements - 2-lane ramps to & from the south x x 48 SR 1 - Smyrna to Odessa - New 4-lane limited access freeway x x x x x 49 MD 272 - I-95 to Little Northeast Creek Bridge x x x x 50 DE 58 widen – DE 273 to I-95 - Add 1 lane in each direction x x x 51 DE 72 widen - SR 4 to Wyoming Road - Add 1 lane in each direction x x x x 52 Gender Road - Salem Church Road to SR 72 – Complete connection with new 2-lane road 53 DE 37 widen - DE 273 to DE 58 - Add 1 lane in each direction 54 DE 7 widen - Brackenville Rd to PA Line - Add 1 lane in each direction 55 US 13/DE 273 grade separation 56 DE 7 widen, DE 72 through Brackenville Road Intersection, add 1 additional lane in each direction x x x x x 57 DE 48 widen, W. of Hercules Road to West of Centerville Road, add 1 additional lane in each direction, 18' median x x x x x 58 Cherry Lane Widen - ICI to DE 9 - Add 1 lane in each direction plus 1 lane frontage road x x x 59 I-95 NB off ramp relocation to EB Chapman Road - New Ramp x x x x 60 Cauffiel Connector - New 2-lane connector between Philadelphia Pike and Gov. Printz Blvd x x x x x 61 US 202 - DE 92 to PA Line - Add 1 lane in each direction x 62 MD 213 - Frenchtown Road to US 40 x x x x 63 US 13 widen - Tybouts Corner to US 40 - Widen from 4 to 6 Lanes x x x x

WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan G-8

G.1.4 Future Mode Shares

In 1993, the share of trips made by persons driving alone was estimated to be 67%. In a 1998 DelDOT Household Travel Survey, that share was estimated to have increased by 2.7% to 69.7%. A major objective of the 2020 MTP was to achieve a 10% shift in future trips by making investments and supporting communities with more travel choices. Attainment of this objective would reduce future traffic congestion, strengthen the economy, reduce auto dependency, and help achieve air quality, environmental, and quality of life goals. The following mobility supporting strategies were considered and included in the 2020 MTP:

Table G-3 Mobility Supporting Techniques

Typical Range of Daily Trip Techniques in Techniques Reduction Potential the 2020 Plan Telecommuting 1% to 10% ü Carpool and Vanpool Program 1% to 2% ü Park-and-Rides 1% to 2% ü Special Use Lanes 1% to 6% ü Enhanced Transit Service 1% to 6% ü Travel Information System 1% to 3% ü Transit-Friendly Design 1% to 2% ü Improved Bike/Pedestrian Facilities Less than 1% to 2% ü Trip Reduction Ordinances 1% to 6% ü TMAs 1% to 2% ü Traffic Calming Less than 1% to 2% ü Higher Densities 1% to 2% Mixed-Use Development 2% to 5% Growth Management 4% or more Alternate Work Schedules 1% to 2% 4-day week 1% to 10% Preferential Parking less than 1% Parking Pricing 1% to 3% Parking Ratios 1% to 2% Congestion Pricing Less than 1% to 2% Teleshop/Teleservices 1% to 5%

The mode shift objective does not mean that fewer trips will be made by driving alone in the future, only that the other modes of transportation or telecommuting will pick up a larger part of the growth in trips.

In the four different build scenarios described above, we considered testing different mode shares for each scenario. As a beginning assumption, however, we tested each scenario assuming that the mode share remains the same as today. This could be either more optimistic or pessimistic depending upon your point of view because mode shares for other modes may continue to decline or the investments in transit, park and ride lots, ridesharing, bicycling, and walking could pay off and result in a non-SOV mode shift increase. By testing each of the scenarios with no change in mode share, we will be able to more clearly see the effects of the potential changes in growth and investments.

WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan G-9

G.2 Assessment of the Scenarios

In order to effectively compare and rank each of the four scenarios, we developed a series of assessment criteria that rated each scenario against a number of performance measures that relate to our goals for the region. Each scenario was assigned a letter grade (between A and F) and then a total grade for the category was determined. The performance measures used in this evaluation are as follows:

1. Meeting the Goals of the 2025 MTP 2. Land Use and Transportation Planning Assessment 3. Mobility/Accessibility Assessment 4. Livability Assessment 5. Environmental Preservation and Air Quality Assessment 6. Cost Assessment 7. Financial Reasonableness Assessment

These assessment results combined with the more quantitative travel characteristics associated with each scenario (average speeds, vehicle miles traveled, emission levels, etc.) helped us to determine which scenario (or which portion(s) of the scenarios) to incorporate into the 2025 MTP Scenario. Section G.3 summarizes the results of this evaluation.

G.2.1 Meeting the Goals of the 2025 MTP

This first evaluation conducted on the scenarios was the extent to which they met the six goals of our 2025 MTP. Table G-4 Goals Performance Measure Report Card Scenario Goals NB 1 2 3 4 Improved mobility, accessibility, and transportation alternatives to provide efficient movement of people and goods. F C C B A Better and more predictable planning with land use and transportation linked. F B B A A Improved quality of life, emphasizing a sound environment, less congestion, better and more appropriate use of land, instilling a sense of security, and providing opportunities for employment and F B B C C better education. Sustain a healthy and growing economy that is built on our geographic advantage and the skills of the population. F C C B B Enhancement and re-emergence of traditional communities and municipalities as the location of commerce and culture for the area. F B B C C Achieve more effective intergovernmental coordination at the federal, regional, state and local levels, and better public/private communication and understanding on issues of development and F D C B B transportation. Overall F C+ B- B- B

WILMAPCO’s 2025 Metropolitan Transportation Plan G-10

G.2.2 Land Use and Transportation Planning Assessment

The land use and transportation planning assessment focused particularly on how well each scenario exhibited sensible land use and transportation planning practices.

Table G-5 Land Use and Transportation Planning Performance Measure Report Card

1 2 3 4 Land Use and Transportation Planning Concepts NB 1 2 3 4 Concentrate development in existing communities and designated growth areas. F B C C B Protect sensitive areas - streams, floodplains, wetlands, steep slopes, and forests. B B B C D In rural areas, direct growth to existing population centers. Protect designated resource areas, especially agriculture. F B C D D Protect the Chesapeake Bay, Delaware River, and tributaries as part of a universal ethic. A B B B B Conserve resources and reduce consumption of non-renewable resources, including land. A B B D D Achieve these objectives in a manner consistent with economic development and regulatory streamlining. F B B A A Develop land use and transportation objectives in concert with each other and make transportation investments consistent with F B C B A land use, environmental, and economic development objectives. Connect the two counties by an intermodal system that moves people and goods efficiently by land, water, and air transportation. This system should focus on traditional towns F B B B B and cities. Connect the region to adjoining areas through strategic extensions of, and services on, the region’s intermodal system. F B B B B Apply a management and maintenance-first policy to all modes. A A A A A Develop and implement plans consistent with fiscal and environmental responsibilities. Make funding equitable across F A B C C the modes. Overall D B+ B- B- B-

G.2.3 Mobility/Accessibility Assessment

The mobility and accessibility measures address the availability of all transportation modes and the ease with which people and goods can travel on the transportation system. Mobility refers to the travel time or speeds at which individuals can move about. Accessibility refers to the relative

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availability of transportation alternatives and proximity of such choices to residential, commerce, cultural and employment opportunities.

Four performance measures were identified to test the mobility/accessibility of transportation system improvements:

Ø transportation modes available; Ø travel time, or average travel speed; Ø convenience, or geographical coverage of travel modes; and, Ø consistency with the adopted regional goals.

These performance measures relate to the following regional goals:

Ø Better and more predictable planning, with land-use and transportation linked. Ø Improved quality of life, emphasizing a sound environment, less congestion, better and more appropriate use of land, instilling a sense of security, and providing opportunities for employment and better education. Ø Improved mobility, accessibility, and transportation alternatives to provide efficient movement of people and goods.

With more transportation modes available, reduced travel times, increased travel speeds, and a convenient and well-extended intermodal transportation system, we can have a sustainable transportation system. It would support, and, in turn, be supported by better regional planning which would improve our quality of life. This improvement would be the result of reduced congestion, increased transportation options, and enhanced accessibility. The greater efficiencies realized would also tend to conserve and protect our natural resources.

These mobility/accessibility performance measures also relate to the following strategies: Ø Strategies to Improve Our Mobility Ø Strategies to Manage Our Transportation System Ø Strategies to Improve Commerce in Our Region

Our future mobility will be improved if we have an intermodal transportation system that has an increased share of the person trips made by transit, carpool, bicycle, or on foot. In order for that to happen, we know the options must be available and convenient, connecting where people are and to where they need to be. For example, a convenient transit system with a far reaching routes will attract a greater percentage of person trips, thus reducing our dependence on the automobile and strengthening our intermodal centers of commerce and culture.

Today, we know that we can no longer build our way out of congestion. The accessibility, availability, and convenience of alternative travel modes will facilitate the management of our transportation system. The more we can rely on the use of alternative modes, the less we will be forced to add highway capacity. Thus, we will be able to devote more of our attention and our resources to the efficient management of the existing system and to improving existing highway operations.

The improvement of commerce must take into account improving goods movement and tourism in the region. The practice of “just-in-time” delivery, the potential for rail to increase (or at least

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maintain) its percentage share of freight haulage, intermodal connectivity, and nationwide and worldwide linkages must be considered in the metropolitan transportation planning process. For example, industry needs the reassurance that its incoming materials deliveries by truck will be smooth. However, the system requires the redundancy that such deliveries could arrive by ship and/or rail and/or truck in response to a variety of contingencies. That kind of transportation system flexibility translates directly to regional economic viability. The mobility/accessibility performance measures will help us to develop a transportation system for 2025 by constantly measuring and refining our strategies to better reach our goals.

Table G-6 Mobility/Accessibility Performance Measure Report Card

Goals NB 1 2 3 4 Availability of Modes F B B C C Travel Time – (Vehicle Hours of F D C B C Travel x 1,000) (653.7) (637.8) (633.8) (630) (633.2) Travel Speeds – (Average Speed in F C C B B mph) (32.5) (33.6) (33.8) (34.1) (34.2) Convenience F C C C C Consistency with Goals and Objectives F C C B B Overall F C C+ B- C+

G.2.4 Livability Assessment

Livability addresses changes in land use and facility design with an eye towards an increased quality of life. This performance indicator, more than any other, deals with the human scale on an individual level. It specifically addresses the importance of qualities typically associated with livable streets such as safety, appearance, convenience, and reduced traffic conflicts. For a local or neighborhood street environment to be livable, traffic operations need to be calmed to reduce speed and volume. Increased or equal priority must also be afforded to pedestrians, transit and bicyclists within the street environment. Four performance measures were identified to test the livability of transportation system improvements: C less traffic, or vehicle miles of travel; C shorter travel times, or vehicle hours of travel; C improved bicycle and pedestrian facilities and options; and, C consistency with the adopted regional goals. These livability performance measures relate to the following regional goals:

· Improved quality of life, emphasizing a sound environment, less congestion, better and more appropriate use of land, instilling a sense of security, and providing opportunities for employment and better education.

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· Improved mobility, accessibility, and transportation alternatives to provide for efficient movement of people and goods.

These livability performance measures relate to the following strategies:

· Strategies to Link Transportation and Land Use · Strategies to Improve Our Mobility · Strategies to Manage Our Transportation System The livability performance measures will help us to develop a transportation system for 2025 by constantly measuring and refining our strategies to better reach our goals. For example, if the strategies to link land use and transportation, to improve our mobility, and to manage our transportation system are successful, then we would logically expect to see more transit-oriented development, more mixed uses of land, and more travel mode choices. Further, from those development characteristics we would expect to obtain the results of less traffic, fewer vehicle miles of travel, shorter travel times, bike/ped facilities improvements, and improved mobility.

Table G-7 Livability Performance Measure Report Card

Goals NB 1 2 3 4 Decreased Vehicle Mile of C C C C C Travel (VMT/day x1,000,000) (24.74) (24.76) (24.82) (24.94) (25.00) Bike & Pedestrian Facilities F B B C B Consistency with Goals and Objectives F B B C B Overall D- B- B- C B-

G.2.5 Environmental Preservation and Air Quality Assessment

Environmental Preservation addresses the issues of conserving and protecting natural resources. Environmental Preservation performance indicators were designed to measure the environmental consequences of transportation investments and gauge the extent to which development of transportation systems supports land use objectives.

Air pollution is a major environmental cost resulting from our transportation system. Walking and biking rank highest on the environmental preservation scale, the single-occupant vehicle the lowest. Transit and carpooling rank in the middle, depending on how these modes are utilized. Air quality, from a vehicular emissions perspective, is a function travel speeds and trip lengths.

Four performance measures were identified to test the environmental sensitivity of transportation system improvements:

C clean air (the percent of lane-miles operating at Level of Service F and a combination of vehicle miles of travel and average travel speeds); C protection of the environment (the number of new lane miles and vehicle miles of travel);

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C preservation of agricultural and other natural resources (the magnitude of resources identified to be set aside for preservation); and, C consistency with the adopted regional goals.

These Environmental Preservation performance measures relate to the following regional goals:

· Improved quality of life, emphasizing a sound environment, less congestion, better and more appropriate use of land, instilling a sense of security, and providing opportunities for employment and better education. · Enhancement and re-emergence of traditional communities and municipalities as the location of commerce and culture for the area.

These Environmental Preservation performance measures relate to the following strategies:

· Strategies to Protect Our Natural Resources · Strategies to Link Land Use and Transportation · Strategies to Improve Our Mobility · Strategies to Manage Our Transportation System

The Environmental Preservation performance measures will help us to develop a transportation system for 2025 by constantly measuring and refining our strategies to better reach our goals. For a scenario to achieve an acceptable assessment, we would expect to see it emphasize more transit-oriented development, more mixed uses of land, more travel mode choices, less traffic congestion, and less sprawl development. These characteristics would result in cleaner air, improved travel speeds and reductions in the decline of farmland acreage and open space, supporting the strategies listed above.

Table G-8 Environmental Preservation Performance Measure Report Card

Goals NB 1 2 3 4 C B B B B VOC Emissions (tons/day) (18.21) (18.18) (18.09) (18.04) (18.11) B C C C C NOx Emissions (tons/day) (33.4) (33.99) (34.18) (34.36) (33.40) Preserves Environment B B B C C Preserves Natural Resources B B B C C Consistency with Goals and Objectives B B B C C Overall B- B- B- C+ C+

G.2.6 Cost Assessment

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Cost measures address the long-term or life-cycle costs associated with construction, maintenance and operation of facilities and services as well as the out-of-pocket cost incurred by the public while using the transportation system. The public pays out-of-pocket and hidden expenses to travel on the transportation system. For most users of the system, some cost is also measured in the time it takes to get from one point to the next (the shorter the travel time, the less costly it is to use the system). Capital, operating, and maintenance costs of the transportation system are also important components of the assessment of transportation infrastructure improvements and services.

Three performance measures were identified to assess the facility cost of transportation system improvements:

· cost attributed to travel delay on the transportation system; · cost to build, operate, and maintain the transportation system; and, · consistency with the adopted regional goals.

These cost performance measures relate to the following regional goals:

· Improved quality of life, emphasizing a sound environment, less congestion, better and more appropriate use of land, instilling a sense of security, and providing opportunities for employment and better education. · Improved mobility, accessibility, and transportation alternatives to provide for efficient movement of people and goods.

These cost performance measures relate to the following strategies:

· Strategies To Manage Our Transportation System · Strategies To Improve Commerce In Our Region · Strategies To Improve Our Mobility

The cost performance measures will help us to develop a transportation system for 2025 by constantly measuring and refining our strategies to better reach our goals. For example, if the strategies to manage our transportation system, to improve commerce in our region, and to improve our mobility were successful, then we would expect to see easy access to human and material resources by businesses and a balanced transportation system that efficiently utilizes all modal capacities. From those system characteristics we would expect reduced aggregate costs attributable to congestion-related delays and a lower overall cost to build, operate, and maintain the transportation system.

Table G-9 Cost Performance Measure Report Card

Goals NB 1 2 3 4 Travel Delay Costs– (Vehicle Hours of F D C B C Travel x 1,000) (653.6) (637.8) (633.9) (630.7) (633.2) Construction, Operational & A B B B B Maintenance Costs ($6.6) ($5.5) ($5.5) ($5.5) ($5.5)

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Consistency with Goals and Objectives F B B B B Overall D+ C+ B- B B-

G.2.7 Financial Reasonableness Assessment

Under the metropolitan planning requirements of TEA-21, all metropolitan transportation plans must be shown to be financially reasonable. The intent of this requirement is to ensure that plans are not merely a compilation of a wish list of projects. Rather, there should be some reassurance that the necessary capital, operating, and maintenance investments for both existing and new transportation components of the plan can be achieved given reasonable assumptions of future funding.

The requirement was not intended to have MPOs create long-range capital and operating budgets with their long-range plans. Such budgets are done in another part of the metropolitan planning process: the Transportation Improvement Program (TIP). The TIP forms the New Castle County portion of the Delaware Capital Improvement Program (CIP) and the Cecil County portion of the Maryland Consolidated Transportation Program (CTP). Both must also be shown to be financially reasonable.

The WILMAPCO TIP is a prioritized list of projects set for actual, near-term implementation. It is prepared annually and is a financially constrained document. Because the TIP deals with projects ready for actual implementation over a three-year time horizon, if the implementation funds are not available, then the projects cannot be implemented. Therefore, the intent of ISTEA, and now TEA21, was that the TIP be much more exact than the measure of financial reasonableness in the long-term, twenty-five year metropolitan transportation plan.

Accordingly, preliminary cost estimates for implementing the new facilities and services in the plan have been developed at a sketch level in the same categories used in WILMAPCO’s TIP: Expansion, Management, and Preservation.

· The Expansion of transportation facilities and services in this plan is estimated to require an investment of $1.2 billion to $1.3 billion over a 25 year planning time frame, or roughly $50 - $60 million a year. These system expansion costs represent only a portion of the total transportation expenditures in the region. The detailed cost assumptions provided by the State of Delaware is provided in Appendix F and show an estimated revenue of about $1.24 billion for New Castle County. Cecil County has traditionally been about 5% of New Castle County, or about $60 million. In total, about $1.3 billion is estimated to be available in the WILMAPCO region for expanding transportation system capacity over the next 25 years. Financial needs greater than $1.3 billion will probably require greater than historic revenue growth. · Planned Expansion investments as shown in Section 4.7 total about $1.3 billion. Therefore, the 2025 MTP is financially reasonable. · It is estimated that approximately $5.5 billion will be spent in the next 25 years to Manage and Preserve the existing system.

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It is the policy of WILMAPCO to ensure that this and all future plan updates are financially reasonable. Therefore, if future information indicates that current financial assumptions are no longer appropriate, WILMAPCO will then work with both States to prepare detailed alternatives analyses and recommendations for increasing revenues, reducing investments, both, or investigating more cost-effective transportation investments. Those financial plans will ensure the intended financial reasonableness of future plan updates, as well as our ability to achieve our vision of this region’s transportation future.

G.3 Summary of Assessment

NB 1 2 3 4 Meets Goals of MTP F C+ B- B- B Land Use and Transportation Planning Concepts D B+ B- B- B- Mobility/Accessibility F C C+ B- C+ Livability D- B- B- C B- Environmental Preservation B- B- B- C+ C+ Cost Performance D+ B- B- B B- Overall D- B- B- B- B-

Summary of Data Results:

Scenario 1998 NB 1 2 3 4 MTP Southern NCCo Population 25,400 48,200 48,200 48,200 60,000 70,000 60,000 Southern NCCo Employment 4,945 5,600 5,600 5,600 15,000 16,000 16,000 Average Trip Length (Miles) 8.33 8.92 9.02 8.93 9.08 9.13 8.82 Average Speed (mph) 34.71 32.55 33.63 33.8 34.1 34.2 34.08 VHT (x 1,000) 473.6 653.6 637.8 633.9 630.7 633.2 637.6 VMT (x 1,000,000) - CIP 17.69 24.74 24.77 24.83 24.93 34.20 34.08 Adjusted VOC Budget – 25.59 25.6 18.21 18.18 18.09 18.04 18.11 18.42 tons/day* NOx Budget – 35.41 tons/day* 37.6 33.4 33.99 33.98 34.18 34.36 33.4 * Emissions budgets are derived from DE 1999 budget for New Castle County and MD 2005 budget for Cecil County.

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