THE IMPACT of GREENWAYS in the TRIANGLE
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THE IMPACT OF GREENWAYS in the TRIANGLE How the East Coast Greenway Benefits the Health and Economy of North Carolina’s Triangle Region PREPARED BY: COMMISSIONED BY SPONSORED BY TABLE OF CONTENTS OF TABLE 04 COVER LETTER 05 EAST COAST MAP 06 TRIANGLE MAP 08 INTRODUCTION 12 METHODS HEALTH + 14 ENVIRONMENTAL BENEFITS ECONOMIC 18 BENEFITS BENEFITS TRANSPORTATION + 22 ACCESS BENEFITS 26 SOURCES 2 Cover: The Reedy Creek Trail section of the East Coast Greenway (ECG) in Raleigh (by NCDOT/WalkBikeNC). This page: The White Oak Greenway section of the 3 ECG, at Bond Park in Cary. COVER LETTER COVER SMART INVESTMENTS IN A HEALTHY, SUSTAINABLE FUTURE As a native of the Triangle who made possible thanks to passion- generously gave us the resources brought our headquarters here ate volunteers, visionary elected to look more deeply at our impact in 2011, it is with great pride that leaders, generous supporters, as we gear up for much more. I share this impact report. The and expert professionals in the Thank you to everyone who Triangle deserves the limelight as public and private sectors. has made connecting to the a national leader in the East Coast The data throughout this report outdoors accessible to hundreds Greenway effort. And we want put together by Alta Planning + of thousands of people. Together everyone to know that community Design show that further invest- we can make the Triangle a leaders’ smart investments in ment in safe biking and walking global model — helping to spur public infrastructure are making infrastructure is warranted. inspired investments throughout a tremendous positive impact Returns have been strong, yet North Carolina, the Southeast, improving local quality of life, we have a long way to go to and beyond in the years ahead. public health, and the economy become the healthy and sustain- throughout central North Carolina. To a healthy & sustainable future, able region that is our exciting As I bike and walk on the potential. Greenway to work and after hours Many companies in the Triangle with my family, I see the miles are supportive of greenway of smiles that are the fruit of our development. To make this report labor. I see people of all ages and Dennis Markatos-Soriano possible, Glaxo Smith Klein colors, on bikes and scooters, Executive Director, East Coast rose to the occasion. GSK has pushing strollers and pulling Greenway Alliance supported our Greenway devel- trailers, enjoying this linear park opment efforts in the past and 4 EAST COAST MAP EAST COAST ME Calais Bangor Augusta Portland NH Portsmouth MA Boston NY Hartford New Haven CT Providence NJ RI PA New York Philadelphia Wilmington MD Baltimore Washington DC Annapolis DE Fredericksburg VA Richmond The EAST COAST in the GREENWAY Norfolk TRIANGLE NC Raleigh Fayetteville New Bern Wilmington SC Myrtle Beach Charleston GA Savannah Brunswick Jacksonville St.Augustine FL Melbourne Miami Key West 5 TO OXFORD NC AND VIRGINIA ELLERBE CREEK TRAIL FALLS LAKE ORANGE DUKE COUNTY UNIVERSITY DURHAM DOWNTOWN TRAIL TRIANGLE MAP TRIANGLE NCCU DURHAM COUNTY CHAPEL HILL RESEARCH TRIANGLE PARK AMERICAN TOBACCO TRAIL RDU UMSTEAD STATE PARK TRAIL The EAST COAST UMSTEAD MORRISVILLE STATE LAKE PARK in the CRABTREE GREENWAY PARK REEDY CREEK TRAIL TRIANGLE BLACK CREEK GREENWAY connects communities in four NORTH CAROLINA MUSEUM OF ART counties, serving as a nearly 70-mile trail “spine” that links to many other trail systems throughout the CARY region.1 It provides residents and WHITE OAK GREENWAY visitors a fun and healthy way to explore parks, downtowns, college campuses, museums, shopping, restaurants, breweries, and historic ROCKY BRANCH TRAIL BLUE SECTIONS = IN DEVELOPMENT sites. It also serves as an active transportation corridor, getting people to work and to transit connections from their own neigh- borhoods. With the trail nearly com- APEX pletely connected, residents of the Triangle are already experiencing improvements in their quality of life, including many health-, environmen- tal-, economic-, and transportation- related benefits. WAKE COUNTY CHATHAM COUNTY 6 HOLLY SPRINGS THE TRIANGLE REGION GAINS THE FOLLOWING FROM THE EAST COAST GREENWAY: 11,225,000 7,407,000 3,592,000 800 ESTIMATED MILES ESTIMATED MILES HOURS OF PHYSICAL TEMPORARY AND BIKED PER YEAR WALKED PER YEAR ACTIVITY PER YEAR PERMANENT JOBS $1.5M $87M $1.8M $164M IN HEALTH AND IN ECONOMIC IN TRANSPORTATION IN ONE-TIME ENVIRONMENTAL BENEFITS PER AND ACCESS PROPERTY BENEFITS PER YEAR YEAR BENEFITS PER YEAR BENEFITS OVER IN TOTAL $ BENEFITS 90 MILLION PER YEAR REEDY CREEK TRAIL ZEBULON NORTH CAROLINA MUSEUM OF ART MEREDITH COLLEGE KNIGHTDALE NC STATE UNIVERSITY RALEIGH WENDELL SHAW ROCKY BRANCH TRAIL UNIVERSITY WAKE LITTLE ROCK TRAIL COUNTY WALNUT CREEK TRAIL JOHNSTON NEUSE RIVER TRAIL COUNTY GARNER WAKE COUNTY CLAYTON TO WILMINGTON NC 7 AND SOUTH CAROLINA INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION alignment, approximates the For the purpose of this report, corresponding reduction in the ECG in the Triangle starts at This report contains an analysis vehicle trips and vehicle miles the Ellerbee Creek Trail north of the estimated quanti- travelled (VMT), and assesses the of Downtown Durham and ends fied benefits resulting from potential health-, environmental-, nearly 70 miles later along the implementation of the East economic-, and transportation- Neuse River Trail in the Town of Coast Greenway (ECG) in the related benefits. In total, it is Clayton. Research Triangle region of estimated that this section of the North Carolina. The analysis ECG generates $90,323,000 in estimates the number of annual health, environmental, bicycle and pedestrian trips economic, and transportation that take place near the trail benefits. What Does It Connect? 6 CITIES & TOWNS DURHAM MORRISVILLE APEX CARY RALEIGH CLAYTON 5 UNIVERSITIES DUKE NORTH CAROLINA MEREDITH NC STATE SHAW UNIVERSITY CENTRAL UNIVERSITY COLLEGE UNIVERSITY UNIVERSITY x8 x9 x8 27 PARKS 8 PARKS IN 9 PARKS IN 8 PARKS IN LAKE CRABTREE UMSTEAD DURHAM CARY RALEIGH PARK STATE PARK 5 MAJOR TRAIL SYSTEMS DURHAM CARY RALEIGH NORTH THE NORTH BIKE & HIKE BIKE & HIKE CAPITAL AREA CAROLINA CAROLINA NETWORK NETWORK GREENWAY STATE BIKE MOUNTAINS- SYSTEM ROUTES 1 & 2 TO-SEA TRAIL 8 The Black Creek Greenway section of the ECG, at Bond Park in Cary. 9 INTRODUCTION Background & Context: How the Triangle Region Compares The Research Triangle of North Accompanying this stunning Carolina (Raleigh- Durham- population and economic growth, Chapel Hill) has been one of there has been increasing the fastest-growing metro- public support for shared-use politan areas in the country. Its greenways. In numerous surveys population increased seven-fold conducted in the Triangle, invest- between 1970 (317,563) and ment in greenway expansion and 2014 (2,132,523).2 The area has improvement has consistently experienced a corresponding topped the ranking of citizen economic boom, thanks largely to preferences for government the three renowned universities expenditures.3 The widespread at each corner of the Triangle: support for greenway trails has NC State University in Raleigh, also been reflected in voter Text and information on this Duke University in Durham, and approval of virtually all bond page and the opposite page the University of North Carolina referenda to fund more greenway is adapted from, “Booming at Chapel Hill. The many research trails. City governments and the Greenway Trails in North institutions and high-tech firms in two metropolitan planning orga- Carolina’s Research Triangle”, the area have attracted highly- nizations in the area (CAMPO and by John Pucher, Professor educated professionals from DCHC MPO) have also dedicated Emeritus, Rutgers University. all over the world, so that the increasing amounts of their Triangle currently has the highest capital budgets for greenway ratio of doctorates per capita in trails. The NC Department of the United States. Transportation has contributed to funding, often derived from RICHMOND federal funds for pedestrian/ bicycling projects. RALEIGH-DURHAM KNOXVILLE CHARLOTTE MEMPHIS ATLANTA 10 NUMBER OF BICYCLE COMMUTERS IN THE SOUTHEAST U.S. Sources: 2000 US Census and American Community Survey, 2017 US Census Bureau; collected by John Pucher. 2000 2011-15 % INCREASE 1,214 829 128% 113% 148% 493 MEMPHIS KNOXVILLE 489 CHARLOTTE 363 231 3,919 2,863 2,382 1,048 173% 1,185 105% 2,163 81% ATLANTA RICHMOND RALEIGH-DURHAM The result of increased funding Given the polycentric, decen- important, they preserve green and staffing for greenway tralized nature of the Research space adjacent to waterways and planning and construction is one Triangle, it is crucial to provide tributaries, protect aquatic and of the largest greenway networks regional connections between edge habitats, and prevent devel- in the country. The cities of the greenway networks of indi- opment of ecologically sensitive Raleigh, Cary, and Durham have vidual cities. The most important lands. The greenways provide a the most greenways, but virtually of these connecting routes is series of linear parks throughout every community in the Triangle the East Coast Greenway (ECG), each city, providing recreational has one or more greenways, and which connects the Triangle opportunities for residents all of them have ambitious plans Region to the rest of the East and visitors. Many greenways for future growth. Coast via the 3,000- mile ECG include playing fields, picnic route that runs from Maine to areas, boating facilities, fishing The increase in recreational Florida. Of all metropolitan areas