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Teoretical Approach Concerning the Development of Sustainable Tourism As Tourist Destination in Kosovo

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GeoJournal of Tourism and Geosites Year XI, vol. 22, no. 2, 2018, p.489-496 ISSN 2065-0817, E-ISSN 2065-1198 DOI 10.30892/gtg.22218-305 TEORETICAL APPROACH CONCERNING THE DEVELOPMENT OF SUSTAINABLE TOURISM AS TOURIST DESTINATION IN KOSOVO Bekë KUQI* University "Haxhi Zeka" Peja, Business Faculty, St. "Eliot Engel", 30000 Peja, Kosovo, e-mail: [email protected] Citation: Kuqi, B. (2018). TEORETICAL APPROACH CONCERNING THE DEVELOPMENT OF SUSTAINABLE TOURISM AS TOURIST DESTINATION IN KOSOVO. GeoJournal of Tourism and Geosites, 22(2), 489–496. https://doi.org/10.30892/gtg.22218-305 Abtract: Tourism is an economic activity or a set of co-ordinated activities aimed at meeting the needs of individuals related to leisure and movement of people. Tourism has a great potential and plays an important role in meeting the main objectives related to, employment, sustainable economic and social development. Kosovo's tourism economy is dominated by small and medium-sized economic operators, while large economic operators are still in the process of privatization, and therefore it is required to find a favorable sectorial strategy that in the long term will ensure the sustainability of tour operators, offering a diversified tourist product. The findings of this study give special importance to institutional challenges that require identification of responsibilities and coordination of all actors involved in the tourism planning and development process. The surveyed tourism region offers critical reviews on how to assist tourism planners to improve their methods in community-based tourism planning and development, while pointing to directions for future research into tourist regions. The main focus of the paper is the treatment of tourism development theories in Kosovo and the analysis of the practices of other countries to increase the economic development of the country, the right information about the natural resources of the country in order to be a local tourist attraction not only for tourists but also for foreigners. The metedology used in the work has focused on the theoretical and practical aspect, the comparative aspect, and the logical link between the paragraphs. This paper is intended to provide theoretical and practical knowledge of the tourism in Kosovo of natural resources, regulations and benefits that tourists will achieve during their visit to Kosovo. Knowledge offered for theoretical and practical lexus and all other scientific research through reading this work to gain knowledge and to pass those knowledge to use and practice during their professional exercise. Key words: Tourism, strategy, planning, development, resources, etc * * * * * * INTRODUCTION This paper will enable the recognition of the appropriate strategy, based on the analysis made, the development and implementation of the strategies in practice, * Corresponding author http://gtg.webhost.uoradea.ro/ Bekë KUQI compared to the strategies encountered in scientific literature, tourism as well as good practices implemented by the developers of tourism in countries with consolidated tourism economies. Through this study will be determined the role and importance of sustainable tourism model for tour operators operating with their tourism activities in a competitive environment that can face the opportunities and loopholes that the surrounding environment brings to you.As the paper will define the best possible way to achieve goals through defined objectives and detailed plans, tour operators will find the way through which they can achieve their business goals, not just the introduction and survival in the market, but the maximum profit and growth of enterprises by increasing the market share, meeting the tourist requirements. Sustainable Tourism At a time when the global economy is in a very varied period of time, the efforts for orientation for sustainable economic development have the advantage of providing new solutions for decision-makers who, encourage debate on sustainable economic development. Economic development provides citizens with a development that can meet the needs of the present, but without hurting the capacity to meet the needs for future generations. This new economic thought, its priority is the citizen who places it in the spotlight for political decision-makers. The concept of sustainable development, which is being built today, is very different from previous economic concepts, especially the economy after the economic crisis of the `30s of the last century, because this concept of sustainable development offers new ideas about how to organize the foundations of a stable economy in these critical moments, and when there are clear signs that the global economy can not move toward industrial growth without ending in the disaster anyway. Sustainable development is defined in different ways by different thinkers. The most recognized and accepted definition: "Development that meets the needs of the present without harming the ability of future generations to meet their needs.The economy is, first and foremost, a subsistem of human society, which is itself, in the second place, a subsistem of the whole life of life on Earth. And, there is no subsistem that can be expanded beyond the overall system capacity, part of which is" (Porritt, 2004). The principles of the new economies include: Systematic empowerment of people as a basis for people focused on development. This is based on a realistic picture of human nature, recognizing that people are selfish, cooperative, and competitive. Systematic conservation of resources and environment, as a basis for sustainable development for the environment. Evolution, from a "wealth of nations" model of economic life, into a model world and from the international economy into an ecologically sustainable economic system. Restoration of political and ethical factors for a central place in economic life and respect for quality values, not just quantitative ones, respect for female values, not just male ones. These principles are important for every segment of economic life, thought in every level, ranging from personal and family. New economic policies for sustainable development will focus more directly on people, as active citizens and recycle a portion of public income directly to citizens (Bajrami, 2015: 7). Goals of Sustainability of Development WCED (1987: 6) says sustainability has been achieved through sustainable development strategies, is a concept that got real sense through the Brundtland Report. The concept of sustainable development arises from the belief that economic growth, though important to the community, has limitations. But, according to Brundtland's report, the concept of sustainable development does not imply absolute limitations, but constraints imposed by the current state of technology and social organization for environmental resources and the ability of the biosphere to absorb the effects of human 490 Teoretical Approach Concerning the Development of Sustainable Tourism as Tourist Destination in Kosovo activities. According to the WTO, in this way, resources remain capable of supporting future generations as well as current generations (WTO, 1993). Sustainable tourism includes social responsi-bility, a strong description of nature and the integration of local people in any operation or tourism development (Bakiu, 2011: 12). As demonstrated by UNEP and UNWTO (2011)., investments in green and sustainable tourism are a means of creating jobs and reducing poverty, while simultaneously improving environmental performance (Chapter on Tourism in the Green Economy Report, jointly prepared by UNEP and UNWTO (1987) Sustainability of tourism development is based on natural goods, legal-economic infrastructure constructed by the state and implemented in the proper manner by competent institutions, it is also important to build a development strategy to absorb as much investment as possible to invest in the development of tourism. Through this development of natural goods by joining with a modern infrastructure, tourism is also of interest to foreign tourists, as well as the development of tourism is more sustainable. Development Resource Development Centers The resources available to a country for tourism development, or what are called different tourism potential of a country, are the determining factors for the "production" of the tourism products and services community or those that can name some places or areas as tourist destinations. These factors are: Natural resources; Historical, artistic and cultural heritage, Human resources, Resources in Capital and Infrastructure. Depending on the use and good management of a country's resources, the positioning of the global tourism market can be explained in line with the best models of their development and management (Bakiu, 2011: 19). RESEARCH METHOD The methodology of this paper is based on the study of literature and empirical study. Literature studies utilize secondary data such as books, scientific journals, official publications, websites. While the empirical study consists of treating Kosovo as a tourist destination, the model of its development should aim at sustainability. In the case study analysis, a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods of study was done. Primary data are based on qualitative research and quantitative research. So in this study the use of different techniques consists in coordinating findings from the literature review. Research methodology has been developed based on the three main actors of
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