Bhagavad-Gita E.Pdf

Danijel Turina / Bhagavad-gita Bhagavad-g1t0 translation and commentary Danijel Turina Zagreb, 2004 irst published in Croatia by Ouroboros Publishing 2002 Ouroboros Publishing VII Ravnice 21 10000 Zagreb http://www.ouroboros.hr E-mail: [email protected] Author: http://www.danijel.org E-mail: [email protected] Editor: Domagoj Klepac Copyediting: BookConductors, LLC Typesetting and layout: Domagoj Klepac Cover: Danijel Turina Cover photo by: Jasna Blaièko This book was written in both Croatian and English by Danijel Turina. ISBN 953-98824-4-3 PD e-book version This book is available in print under ISBN 953-98824-3-5 Copyright © Ouroboros Publishing 2004 All rights reserved. No part of this PD e-book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, graphic, electronic, or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, taping, or by any information storage or retrieval system, without the permission in writing from the publisher. Printing and copying are permitted for personal use only. Bible quotations taken from the New American Standard Bible®, Copyright © 1960, 1962, 1963, 1968, 1971, 1972, 1973, 1975, 1977, 1995 by The Lockman oundation. Used by permission. (www.Lockman.org) Contents oreword by the Publisher..................................................vii Introduction........................................................................1 Mahabharata.......................................................................7 1. The Book of Beginnings (Adiparvan)........................10 2. The Book of the Assembly Hall (Sabhaparvan).........32 3. The Book of the orest (Vanaparvan).......................35 4. The Book of Virata (Virataparvan)............................40 5. The Book of Preparations (Udyogaparvan)...............47 6. The Book of Bhisma (Bhismaparvan)........................53 Bhagavad-gita.....................................................................55 Chapter One..................................................................57 Chapter Two.................................................................73 Chapter Three...............................................................141 Chapter our.................................................................183 Chapter ive..................................................................235 Chapter Six....................................................................255 Chapter Seven...............................................................287 Chapter Eight................................................................303 Chapter Nine.................................................................319 Chapter Ten..................................................................339 Chapter Eleven..............................................................361 v Chapter Twelve.............................................................387 Chapter Thirteen...........................................................399 Chapter ourteen..........................................................413 Chapter ifteen.............................................................423 Chapter Sixteen.............................................................431 Chapter Seventeen.........................................................443 Chapter Eighteen...........................................................457 Addenda..............................................................................487 Bhagavad-gita................................................................489 Chapter One............................................................490 Chapter Two...........................................................499 Chapter Three.........................................................514 Chapter our...........................................................523 Chapter ive............................................................532 Chapter Six..............................................................538 Chapter Seven.........................................................547 Chapter Eight..........................................................553 Chapter Nine...........................................................559 Chapter Ten............................................................566 Chapter Eleven........................................................575 Chapter Twelve.......................................................588 Chapter Thirteen.....................................................592 Chapter ourteen....................................................599 Chapter ifteen.......................................................605 Chapter Sixteen.......................................................610 Chapter Seventeen...................................................615 Chapter Eighteen.....................................................621 Glossary of Terms.........................................................637 Glossary of Names........................................................655 Kuru amily Tree..........................................................674 Sanskrit Pronunciation..................................................677 vi oreword by the Publisher This book, although in its first edition, already has a history. Using the Croatian edition, published in 2002, the author rewrote the entire work in English. The existing glossary from the Croatian edition was expanded, and some additions were made, such as the inclusion of the Sanskrit original in a separate translation at the end of the book, a glossary of names, Kuru family tree, and, in respect to readers demand, a brief guide to the pronunciation of Sanskrit. Because of all that, and because of the differences between English and Croatian versions, the overall volume of the book increased from 562 pages (the Croatian edition) to almost seven hundred pages. The English edition also provided an opportunity to correct a certain number of small errors in grammar, references and transliteration of Sanskrit terms. Adjusting of the text to English made us re-examine our method of writing the Sanskrit terms, as well as lexical consistency, which turned out to be quite a challenge, mostly because the differences between Sanskrit and English are greater than those between San- skrit and Croatian. We tried to make the entire work as formally correct as possible, and, although the author in his introduction concedes that this book is not meant primarily for scholars, and that the only thing of importance for him was to convey the spiritual message, you might be surprised to find out that final result is more formally correct than any other translation we vii Bhagavad-gita had the opportunity to review, and that his translation unites spiritual meaning with poetic harmony and literal accuracy. This seems to come as a result of close association between spirit and lan- guage in Indian culture, where one cannot survive if the other is not treated with due respect. There are very few rules and standards regarding the use of Sanskrit terms in English, which is in part caused by the technical problems of transliteration, especially in the case of authors writing about spiritual subjects. In all cases, we tried to stay as close to the original as possible. We upheld this rule even in the case of words that are customary in English, such as cakra, which is usually written phonetically as chakra, where only a part of the meaning of the Sanskrit term is conveyed in English, the one regarding the energetic centers in the body. However, Sir Monier- Williams* cites in his dictionary almost forty different meanings of this term, including circle, zodiac, whirlpool, and potters wheel. We can find an example in Krsnas weapon, the Sudarana cakra, which is on one hand a circular weapon, a disc, and on the other hand Krsnas spiritual weapon, His attribute, which is seldom recognized. In all such cases, we decided to stick to the original, and give the reader an opportunity to judge the subtle- ties of meaning himself.** According to the same logic, we used Krsna instead of Krishna, iva instead of Shiva, nirvana instead of nirvana, and avatara instead of avatar. Still, we did not go so far as to use the Sanskrit plural, deciding that it would probably only confuse readers, and so we used the English plurals with Sanskrit stems, as in cakras and avataras (not chakras and avatars). Some of the more unusual plurals created along the way were the plurals of the words pitr (the ancestors, pronounced pitri), pitrs (pronounced pitris) and the plural of the word apsaras (class of female deities, nymphs)apsarasas. We should also observe that the logic of Sanskrit often creates a web of meanings around words, and so Rudras will mean howling, roaring, dreadful, horrible, powerful, denoting a breed * Sir Monier Monier-Williams: Sanskrit-English Dictionary, Oxford Univer- sity Press, Revised edition (June 1989), ISBN 019864308X. ** On the other hand, some terms, such as karma, for instance, are the same in both Sanskrit and English, and the problem of transliteration was simple to solve. viii oreword by the publisher of powerful demons, sons of Rudra, while Rudra as a name will belong to iva in His aspect of the Destroyer. According to a similar logic, Krsnas warriors are called the Narayanas, since they are led by Narayana (Krsna). The names of various breeds of divine and demonic beings (devas, gandharvas, apsarasas, piacas, raksasas and the like) were written without capitalization (except where a family name was usedAdityas, Bhojas, Andhakas

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