Domänanalys Av Elektroakustisk Musik Pär Johansson

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Domänanalys Av Elektroakustisk Musik Pär Johansson Institutionen för ABM Biblioteks- och informationsvetenskap Domänanalys av elektroakustisk musik Undersökning av en konstnärlig domäns litteratur Pär Johansson Magisteruppsats, 20 poäng, vt 2007 Institutionen för ABM Handledare: Per Nyström Uppsatser inom biblioteks- och informationsvetenskap, nr 370 ISSN 1650-4267 2 Innehållsförteckning Innehållsförteckning.....................................................................3 Inledning .......................................................................................5 Introduktion till EAM ..................................................................................6 Kort historik................................................................................................................ 7 EAM och andra genrer............................................................................................. 10 Teori och metod .......................................................................... 11 Domänanalys .............................................................................................11 Domänanalys och bibliotekarierollen ..................................................................... 12 Kognitiv auktoritet enligt Patrick Wilson ........................................................................12 Bibliotekarien och ämneskunskaperna ............................................................................13 Domänanalysen och pragmatismen ........................................................................ 14 Vad är en domän?..................................................................................................... 16 Metoder för domänanalys........................................................................................ 18 Kritik av domänanalys ............................................................................................. 19 Bibliometri.................................................................................................21 Bibliometrins teoretiska bakgrund .......................................................................... 22 Något om bibliometriska metoder........................................................................... 24 Referensanalys och citeringsanalys .................................................................................24 Kociteringsanalys..............................................................................................................25 Slutsats...................................................................................................................... 27 Författarurval och domänavgränsning ........................................................28 Undersökning.............................................................................. 30 Domänens litteratur och tidigare forskning.................................................30 Historiska och sociologiska studier......................................................................... 31 Artiklar i uppslagsverk............................................................................................. 33 Bibliografier ............................................................................................................. 34 Tidskrifter och periodika ......................................................................................... 36 Antologier................................................................................................................. 38 Genrer........................................................................................................39 Litteraturgenrer......................................................................................................... 41 Musikaliska genrer................................................................................................... 41 Domänens indexering.................................................................................44 Ämnesord.................................................................................................................. 46 Klassifikation............................................................................................................ 50 Kommentarer och tolkning...................................................................................... 54 EARS ämnesord ....................................................................................................... 56 SAB:s klassifikation................................................................................................. 57 Bibliometrisk studie ...................................................................................59 Val av källmaterial och författare ........................................................................... 59 i. Uppslagsverk ..................................................................................................................61 ii. Bibliografier ..................................................................................................................64 iii. Periodika ......................................................................................................................64 Rangordning efter citeringsfrekvens ................................................................................65 Kociteringsanalys och visualisering........................................................................ 66 Tolkning.................................................................................................................... 70 Diskussion.................................................................................... 72 3 Sammanfattning.......................................................................... 76 Litteraturförteckning ................................................................. 77 Referenser..................................................................................................77 EAM: källor och referenser........................................................................82 Bilagor ......................................................................................... 89 1. Ämnesord ............................................................................................................. 89 2. Klassifikationer .................................................................................................... 95 3. Tidskrifter ............................................................................................................. 97 4. Antologier............................................................................................................. 99 5. Författare och citeringsfrekvenser .................................................................... 103 4 Inledning I denna uppsats undersöker jag domänen elektroakustisk musik, en form av västerländsk konstmusik, där klangfärg, och inte toner eller rytmer, är det främsta uttrycksmedlet. Den elektroakustiska musiken (hädanefter EAM) är nära förknippad med 1900-talets musiktekniska utveckling, och har också bidragit till denna. Det jag studerar är domänens litteratur, som har ett relativt stort tekniskt-vetenskapligt inslag, men också omfattar texter med estetisk, historisk och sociologisk inriktning. Uppsatsens syfte är tvåfaldigt. Det första är att kartlägga litteraturens delområden utifrån ett domänanalytiskt perspektiv. Det andra syftet är att undersöka hur domänanalys och bibliometri kan tillämpas på ett område som inte är en vetenskaplig disciplin. Mitt intresse rör sig kring flera teoretiska och metodologiska aspekter, men koncentreras till domänavgränsningens problem: Hur avskiljer vi en domän ontologiskt, epistemologiskt, socialt, historiskt, geografiskt och språkligt från andra närliggande domäner, och vilka svårigheter kan uppstå i denna process? Jag behandlar också några stötestenar förknippade med bibliometrisk analys, som val av metod, visualisering, författarpopulation och källmaterial, och hur de förhåller sig till domänanalysens teori. Den egentliga domänanalysen är tänkt att vara en praktisk illustration av de teoretiska aspekterna. För detta kunde många andra domäner användas, men för att kunna tolka och värdera undersökningens resultat, krävs förkunskaper om domänen, vilket jag besitter genom min verksamhet som tonsättare, lärare och bibliotekarie på EMS (Elektroakustisk musik i Sverige). Jag har också valt att studera EAM, eftersom jag anser att domänen inte har ägnats tillräcklig uppmärksamhet inom musikvetenskap och annan akademisk forskning. Detta skulle kanske kunna rättfärdigas med att EAM trots allt är en mycket smal genre, om det inte vore för att dess betydelse för 1900-talets musik knappast kan underskattas, i alla fall inte på musikteknikens område. Dessutom är domänen särskilt intressant ur biblioteks- och informations- vetenskaplig synvinkel, eftersom dess tvärdisciplinella karaktär aktualiserar vissa teoretiska och metodologiska svårigheter, speciellt vad gäller domän- avgränsningen. Min förhoppning är dels att min undersökning skall stimulera till fler studier, dels att den skall kunna användas som en gajd till EAM för t.ex. musikbibliotekarier. Det senare har fört med sig, att vissa avsnitt är något mer ingående än vad som annars hade varit fallet. Introduktion till EAM1 Vad är EAM? Benämningen är inte entydig. Den kan syfta dels på en konst- musikalisk genre, dels på element som förekommer i olika genrer och konstarter, men den kan också beteckna ett medium eller en musikform, som omfattar alla genrer där elektronisk eller digital ljudproduktion och ljud- bearbetning
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