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Of> "" -~ ~ ~4- WfJRNERS ,,IN'II,IR' 25¢ iJj ':~))c.523 25 June 1976 ;" No. 115 lit I •ill Smash Apartheid-For Workers Revolution I" =~ ~ !:f jj;, ..!!!l'" Ii ..ill iii ~ • I JUNE 20-The cold-blooded slaughter ',>-. of school children in Soweto has caused '%~ the smoldering discontent of South i Africa's urban black masses to flare into open rebellion. For a few days this week I the "African townships" on the Witwa­ tersrand, the mining and industrial I heartland surrounding Johannesburg, I saw thousands-strong crowds of work­ ers and youth hurl themselves against I the symbols of oppression with torches, I knives, stones and bare hands. This plebeian revolt illuminates the seething unrest of the subjugated non-white = population of the apartheid police state. Only hours after issuing orders to "maintain law and order at all costs," South African prime minister Balthazar " Vorster embarked for West Germany where he will confer with U.S. secretary I of state Henry Kissinger. Their hands stained with the blood of Indochinese, 4 black Americans. Angolans and South t'- Africans, these tWO statesmen of irr:peri­ -­ uPI d a\ist butchery and white supremacist South African students protesting minority rule were brutally attacked by police in Soweto iast week. ~ barbarism will no doubt find a great - deal in common. Both have an interest ...... starvation in Chile, has joined Reagan The police aimed their weapons and - in ballyhooing the sham "indepen­ in criticizing Kissinger's recent trip fired without warning. One teenage dence" of the Transkei, so-called "tribal through black Africa and has even student fell dead with a slug in his chest. homeland" for South Africa's Xhosa opposed majority rule in Rhodesia. But Another, a boy about seven years old, people, planned for October and also in the feeble protests of liberal politicians was hit and died on the way to the pressuring Rhodesia's tottering white and black leaders against the whitewash hospital. As the youths fled this savage regime to step aside in order to postpone ":Ii of the Pinochet and Vorster dictator­ onslaught, others were gunned down. A ::lI the day of reckoning with white suprem­ acy in South Africa itself. ships can do little to impede these third youth and an elderly bystander cynical Realpolitik maneuvers. The trail died of their wounds. ;;;0; While the official body count of slain "'" of blood left by the bourgeoisie from The police pumped a deadly fusilade ~ blacks in the Witwatersrand climbs over -~ 109 dead and I, 100 wounded (the actual Soweto to Santiago will be avenged only of over 300 rounds into the unarmed by the international working class, crowd. The killings were a deliberate act figures are far higher), Kissinger will ..~ have to strain even harder to overcome which alone can bring the dawn of of political terror. Although the govern­ the pariah image of the Pretoria regime. liberation from racial and class enslave­ ment quickly spun a tale of endangered ment, through proletarian revolution to police defending themselves with a As indicated by his junket to Santiago P!iO smash apartheid. last month, the top foreign policy carefully controlled show of force, a senior police official on the spot -'"' maker's expressions of concern for III Slaughter in Soweto answered a British reporter's query human rights are nothing but balm for ."., whether warning shots were even fired: bourgeois consciences, rhetorical per­ On J4ne 16, 10,000 black students ~ "No, we fired into the crowd. It's no ~ fume sprinkled over the moldering surged through the streets of Soweto. good firing over their heads" (Times corpses heaped up by American imperi­ The huge township reverberated that morning to the strains of"Nkosi Sikeleli [London], 17 June). alism's staunchest allies. ~ In the wake of its defeats in Indochina Afrika" ("God Bless Africa"), the black The Rebellion Spreads and Angola, the U.S. ruling class is "national anthem." Protestors carried AP - Student carries body of companion anxious to shore up its diplomatic and banners denouncing the compulsory use The plebeian masses crowded into the killed by police in Soweto last week. military alliances. Rehabilitating the of Afrikaans in their schools. "Afrika­ urban townships around Johannesburg .... South African and Chilean police states ans is a stench" read one placard, responded to the police atrocities with symbol of the prohibition of African in the eyes of world opinion and expressing the deep revulsion of the an elemental outburst of pent-up fury. home-brew liquor, was put to the torch. bolstering their economies is one step in African masses for the Dutch dialect Two vehicles from the paternalist Bantu In Alexandra, a grim ghetto sur­ ... Kissinger's maneuvering to re-establish spoken by arrogant descendants of the Administration Board were overturned, rounded by posh white suburbs, a clinic, = a secure global "balance of power" with slaveholding Boer settlers. and two white officials killed. A banner schools and white-owned shops were !!II the Soviet Union. As the crowd converged on Phefeni reading "Beware Afrikaans, the most gutted by flames. In Kathie-Hong, a ~ 'The Kissinger / Vorster talks are also Junior Secondary School, ten police dangerous drug for our culture" was post office was stormed. And in every ~ 3i geared toward protecting Gerald Forti's cars blocked their path. Thirty police, draped over one of the bodies. The township, scatter-shot police attacks iIJ'B' vulnerable right flank from Ronald blacks armed with batons and whites Board's headquarters were burned to raised the death count higher, surpass­ 1111 ~ Reagan, who recently indicated that, as armed with revolvers and submachine the ground. Vicious police dogs were ing even the 84 killed by police during -=;;-..4 president, he might send U. S. troops to guns, emerged from the vehicles. Angry hacked up and set on fire. and immediately after the orgy of blood­ =~ ~ bailout the Rhodesian government. students taunted these hated lackeys of As township aft~r township ignited, letting at Sharpeville township in 1960. Such a notable right-wing Republican the Herrenvolk oppressors. A white government buildings and other institu­ Black college students also erupted. -- ..;.,( as Milton Friedman, former Nixon policeman hurled a teargas shell. The tions of white supremacy were attacked. Administrative headquarters and a economic adviser and architect of mass youths responded with stones and jeers. In Kagiso, a government beer hall, continued on page 8 --- , ., Munoz Delegation Barred From Argentine Mission to UN . , --.ii::.& ....~ Videla's Ambassador Can't Hide Junta Terror . w • • 7 j -"'" " Stop the Scabbing-Spread the Strike! SL Answers Palestinian Nationalist Victory to Mass. Not Jew Against State Workers Arab, But Class Strike! Against Class!

BOSTON, June 22-"Illegal" picket physically repel scabs, cop reinforce­ In the most recent issue of the New lutionary proletarian perspective­ lines went up at dawn yesterday, ments were immediately rushed to the Left/ academic journal Socialist Revo­ searches in vain for some equitable commencing the first statewide public scene. lution (April-June 1976) the Spartacist resolution of this "conflict of claims to workers strike in Massachusetts history. The strike takes place in the context League/ Spartacus Youth League comes the same territory" within the frame­ Massachusetts state employees are of a massive two-year austerity binge under attack for its position on the work of capitalism and imperialist picketing a variety of state agencies, imposed by the liberal Democratic Arab-Israeli conflict. Palestinian na­ domination. Reluctantly he opts for a offices and institutions, including wel­ governor. Since 1974 massive cuts have tionalist Fuad Faris, responding to a "two-state solution"-yet another parti­ fare offices, unemployment offices, taken place in all social programs; previous article in Socialist Revolution tion of Palestine and massive popula­ prisons, the State House in Boston, welfare grants have been slashed across by "libertarian socialist" Noam Chom­ tion transfers to establish separate hospitals, mental health care centers, the board by 20 percent; 18,000 alleged­ sky, singles out the SL/ SYL position as Palestinian Arab and Hebrew states­ public beaches and the Registry of ly "employable" unemployed have been the most "extreme attitude" within the recognizing that "both states, one must Motor Vehicles. Traffic was initially kicked off the welfare rolls in the midst American left placing "Arab and Israeli expect, will be based on the principle of jammed by raised bridges, which were of double-digit unemployment; tuition at national rights in Palestine on an equal denial of rights to citizens of the wrong later lowered by striking bridgetenders state colleges and universities has been footing." category." Chomsky pessimistically under court orders. However, the almost doubled; medical services have In his article entitled "To the Ameri­ concludes, "A solution imposed by sewage plant at Deer Island was shut been eliminated for 100,000 working can Left: A Few Remarks on the imperial force is hardly to be welcomed, down today, which will have a major people, and wages for all state workers Palestine Problem and the Middle East" but it is not easy to conjure up a impact in increasing the scope of the have been frozen. Since 1969, the year of Faris prefaces his polemic against preferable and feasible alternative." At strike. the last general wage increase granted Chomsky with a denunciation of the best, according to Chomsky, such a Governor Michael Dukakis asserted state workers, the average wage of SL/SYL position on the Near East. Cyprus "solution" may develop "to­ that he would not bargain with the Massachusetts public employees has Demagogically insinuating "Eurocen­ wards a binational arrangement of the unions until the illegal strike is terminat­ dropped to 38th in the country, accord­ trism" and Yankee arrogance, Faris sort that was advocated by much of the ed (under a 1973 law state employees ing to union sources. The after-tax take­ indignantly cites "the slogan 'Not Jew Zionist movement until the Second have the right to bargain collectively, home pay of bottom-level clerks is Against Arab, But Class Against Class' World War." but not to. strike!). Suffolk County approximately $85 a week. To add (headline on the first page of the Young In response Fuad Faris-unlike the Superior Court judge Thomas B. insult to injury, the Massachusetts Spartacus, November-December 1973)" Palestine Liberation Organization Morse, Jr. has already granted a legislature last week expressed its utter and then fumes about the allegedly (PLO) and the "anti-imperialist" sheiks temporary restraining order against the contempt for the working people of the "ridiculous" and "maximalist" slogan and generals ruling from Baghdad to strike. And the governor also stated state by voting itself in the best Marie raised in Workers Vanguard (12 Sep­ Cairo-nominally concedes that the over TV and radio Sunday that "any Antoinette style a wage increase ranging tember 1975), "For the right to self­ Hebrew-speaking people in Israel con­ state employee who walks off the job from 20 to 40 percent. determination for the Palestinian and stitute a nation. But in the very next tomorrow morning will be subject to A slight improvement in the battered Hebrew nations-For a binational breath Faris denies that the right of loss of pay and disciplinary action up to Massachusetts economy, combined workers state as a part of a socialist national self-determination is appli­ and including permanent dismissal," a with the results of past austerity mea­ federation of the Near East!" cable to the Hebrews. Disingenuously threat that was echoed by numerous sures, has visibly softened the fiscal Socialist Revolution seems to agree arguing that the Hebrews and Palestini­ supervisors, who reportedly called up crisis in the state. Dukakis' belt­ with Faris. In their introduction to his an Arabs are not "claiming the same individual employees and informed tightening rhetoric has lost much of its article the editors declare: land to the exclusion of the other," Faris them that they would be fired if they did impact and public workers are going on "His [Faris] response is directed not goes on to assert: not report to work Monday. In its latest the offensive, anxious to make up for only at Chomsky but at other American "It is wrong to bestow equal rights for socialists who, while condemning Zion­ move, the state announced today fines past defeats. The key monetary demand self-determination on the Palestinian ism, maintain a stance of criticizing people and the Israeli people. Nobody of $250,000 a day on the unions and two of the workers is for a $3,600 wage both sides equally. These socialists has stifled the national life of the Israeli da ys pay for each da y missed by strikers. increase over two years. The state's offer often argue that the Palestinian move­ people for it to demand this right. Meanwhile, swarms of cops, of $2, loo-conditional on the abolition ment is 'bourgeois' in character, citing Nobody has usurped this right from the of civil service step increases and its cooperation with Arab states and its Israeli people for it to be restored." including state troopers, Boston's hated 'national' rather than socialist goals. Tactical Police Force and its Mobile acceptance of management rights' and They contrast the struggle between To be sure, in relation to the dispersed Operations Patrol, were deployed to productivity clauses, and a reduction in Israeli and Palestinian with a struggle of Palestinian Arabs, the Hebrews of Israel escort scabs. Plans have been an­ leave time-is distributed over three class against class. When this struggle constitute an oppressor nation (al­ nounced for putting 200 cops on years in such a fashion that the 1976 takes place, they will take sides. But in though Palestinian nationalists such as the meantime, they maintain a position overtime in Boston alone, and all leaves wage increase would be a munificent ten of criticizing both sides and supporting Faris "forget" that in 1948 the Palestini­ have been cancelled for Metropolitan cents an hour! neither." an Arab nation was dismembered also and state troopers. Dukakis' press The strike is being conducted by the But neither the SL/ SYL nor Chom­ by Transjordan and Egypt). But Lenin­ secretary Mary Fifield ominously stated Massachusetts Alliance, a coalition of sky criticizes "both sides equally." The ists do not "bestow" democratic rights two nights ago that the administration unions, mainly AFSCME and Service bulk of Chomsky's earlier article, "Israel unequally, denying national rights as does not plan to call out the National Employees International Union and the Palestinians" (Socialist Revolu­ punishment for peoples that were Guard "at this point in time." Already (SEI U). In elections last fall the Alliance tion, June 1975), is devoted to exposing compacted into nations through the four pickets have been brutalized and won the right to negotiate for seven out and condemning the brutal national oppression of other peoples and nation­ two arrested, at the Grove Hall welfare of ten traditional bargaining units of oppression and repression which the al minorities. The modern Turkish office, and two more were arrested at state employees, representing about Palestinian Arabs have suffered over the nation, to take only one example, was Danvers State Hospital. A picketer at 50,000 out of 65,000 Massachusetts last three decades at the hands of the consolidated through the genocide Medfield State Hospital was injured by public employees. While joint bargain­ Zionists. But Chomsky seeks to deal and oppression of several million a bus crashing through tb~ picket line. ing represents a potential step forward with a political reality which Arab Armenians and Greeks in Anatolia, yet Wherever picketers have attempted to from traditional inter-union backsta b­ nationalist apologists must deny: the only the most virulent revanchist would bing, the Alliance is simply a bureaucrat­ Hebrew-speaking people of Israel also deny the Turkish people their national ic lash-up. have national rights; to refuse to take rights. It includes some employees, such as account of these rights only perpetuates In contrast to Faris. who declares that WfJliNEIiS prison guards, who like cops are the deadly cycle of reactionary national "this principle [self-determination] is elements of the repressive bourgeois wars in the Near East. Chomsky writes: not about 'the right to national self­ state apparatus and must be kept out of "Ol\E LAl\D-TWO NATIO~S: that determination of all nations,' oppressed VANGIJARD the workers movement. On the other is the essence of the problem of Israel or not," Lenin insisted that socialist hand, the Alliance excludes some and the Palestinians .... It is a simple internationalists, unlike nationalists, Marxist Working-Class Weekly unionized state workers whose scabbing and pointless exercise to construct an stand for the equality of nations: "We of the Spartacist League of the U.S. has hurt the strike. Many maintenance argument to demonstrate the legitimacy of the claims of either side and the demand unconditional equality for all workers, including janitors, have been nations in the state and the uncondition­ EDITOR: Jan Norden insignificance of the demands of its working, thus making it much harder to opponent. Each argument is convincing al protection of the rights of every PRODUCTION MANAGER: Karen Allen shut down state facilities. And nurses in its own terms. Each claim is, in a national minority" (Collected Works, CIRCULATION MANAGER: Anne Keliey have also been reporting to work-one sense, absolute: a plea for national Vol. 19, p. 116). survival. Those who urge the demands EDITORIAL BOARD: Liz Gordon (Chairman). reason that the strike has been weak at It is demagogy and slander to equate Chris Knox (Labor). James Robertson (Advi­ of one or the other partner in this deadly sory). Charles Burroughs (Editorial Staff). state hospitals. The strike should be dance, deaf to conflicting pleas, merely recognition of the national rights of Joseph Seymour (Midwest). George Foster expanded to all public workers, includ­ help pave the way to eventual both the Hebrews and the Palestinians (West Coast) ing also county and municipal catastrophe." with indifference to the struggle of the Published weekly. except bi-weekly ,'n August employees-particularly Boston's Indeed, given the counterposed na­ oppressed nation against national op­ and December. by the Spartacist Publishing 10,000 city workers who had their cost­ pression. Far from "criticizing both Co .. 260 West Broadway. New York. NY. tional claims to the same territory by 10013. Telephone: 966-6841 (Editorial). of-living increase deferred for a year last the Palestinian Arabs and the Hebrew­ sides and supporting neither" the 925-5665 (Business). Address all correspon­ February. speaking people, the right of self­ SLi SYL has demanded: Israel out of dence to: Box 1377. G.P.O .. New York. N.Y. The Alliance leadership, composed of the occupied territories, repatriation 10001. Domestic subscriptions: $5.00 per year. determination for either people can be Second-class postage paid at New York. N.Y. union bureaucrats, has made almost no exercised under capitalism only through with full democratic rights for the Opinions expressed in signed articles or serious strike preparations. At the denying that same democratic right for Palestinians, full trade-union rights for letters do not necessarily express the editorial Saturday mass meeting at Common- the other. all Palestinian Arab workers. and for viewpoint. continued on page 9 But Chomsky-lacking a revo- continued on paRe 9

2 WORKERS VANGUARD ~ ~

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Rapacious ~ ~~- ~ Nationalists on ,...:~ Ii!! All Sides- tl\I.iJ! iC -="'" -IliA Blood -100. """ Feud in .... i)'~ Lebanon AP

JUNE 22-0n June 10 the Arab League military aid from the Western imperial­ wells and some strategic passes Egypt defense potential" (Daily World, 16 states, meeting in Cairo, decided to send ist powers. agreed to an extension of UN "peace­ June). And Syria, in turn, is using this a "token" "peace-keeping" force to war­ The Soviet Union, having once again keeping" forces in the Sinai. Yet without Russian-supplied "defense potential" to ravaged Lebanon. Accordingly, 1,000 watched billions of rubles worth of regaining an inch of the Golan Heights, crush the Palestinians in Lebanon as soldiers yesterday took up positions military aid squandered in the Sinai Syria agreed to a six-month extension of U.S. imperialism and the Zionist state of around Beirut airport. The context for desert, was subjected to a campaign of the UN presence there in order to free up Israel look on approvingly. In addition these "peace-keepers" is the invasion of vilification as Sadat ripped up the its own troops for Lebanon. it has massed 6,000 troops, also armed Lebanon by 30,000 Syrian and pro­ Soviet-Egyptian "friendship" treaty, Following the Sinai Pact, both Syria with Russian weapons, along its Iraqi Syrian troops. threw out the remaining Russian mili­ and the Iraq-backed PFLP put them­ border to counter troop movements and Although their mission is restricted to tary advisers and barred the USSR's selves forward as the foremost champi­ threats from the Russian-armed Iraqis, facilitating the evacuation of foreign navy from the important port of ons of the Palestinians. The main who have for years threatened war over nationals and Lebanese fat-cats by Alexandria. As a reward for the re­ faction in the PLO, Yasir Arafat's control of the waters of the Euphrates. opening Beirut airport, the Arab League newed shedding of Arab workers' and Fatah, had come to look towards the Thus the USSR, spurned by Egypt, now expedition is simply a cover for the full­ peasants' blood in the holy war against Damascus Ba'athists as protectors. finds its two remaining military clients scale Syrian invasion. The troops, Israel, the Gulf sheikdoms cut Syria The state of "cold war" which exists in the Near East poised for war against divided equally between Libyans and and Egypt into the drippings from the between the competing Iraqi and Syrian one another. Syrians, were mustered in Damascus table of the imperialist oil cartels. Ba'athists found its reflection in the and sent into Lebanon through the Although they had at best fought the Palestinian refugee camps, especially in Not "Arab Revolution" but Syrian-occupied Bekaa valley. The Israeli army to a draw, Egypt and Syria Lebanon. Prior to the present civil war Workers Revolution emerged from the war with their prestige there was a mini-civil war in the refugee sordid war in Lebanon continues to The Syrian invasion has created a enhanced as "confrontation states." But claim 50 to 60 lives daily in Beirut alone. camps between the PFLP and the dilemma for the revisionists and refor­ their "confrontation," albeit conducted Syrian-backed Palestinian guerrilla Once the mercantile crossroads of the mists who claimed that the Syrian­ Near East, whose renowned cedars had in the name of championing the national group, As Saiqa. Egyptian armies in October 1973 were provided beams for ships that turned the rights of the Palestinians, did absolutely At the beginning of the present civil the carriers of an ever-unfolding "Arab Mediterranean into a Phoenician lake, nothing to advance Palestinian self­ war, the PLO and the so-called Muslim Revolution." Now of course they are Lebanon was virtually cut off from the determination. At Rabat the Arab "left" led by Druze patriarch Kamal busily denouncing the Syrian army as outside world as the Syrian invasion League of sheiks, kings and military Jumblatt looked to Syria for support, the worst traitors to that mythical closed down Beirut airport and the juntas crowned the Palestine Liberation even hoping for a Syrian military "process." And, predictably, these important southern port of Saida. The Organization (PLO) the "sole represent­ intervention. Now Syria, the self­ apologists for bourgeois nationalism American nationals-exhorted to leave ative" of the stateless Palestinian refu­ proclaimed most intransigent of the throw their support behind a different by the U.S. government after its gees. That this lip service to Palestinian "confrontation" states, is bombing set -of presumed "progressives": ambassador and economic counselor nationalism from the competing nation­ Palestinian refugee camps and Jum­ "Regardless of any miserable were killed-could depart only in a alists of the rival Arab states means blatt's Druze stronghold around Alieh! maneuvers carried out by Jumblatt or British-organized convoy which shot its nothing is demonstrated by the Syrian So the PLO and Jumblatt are now other misleaders it is necessary to back way through the Beirut-Damascus road intervention into Lebanon to prop up calling for the removal of the Syrian the demand of the Lebanese and or by a Navy landing craft which left the privileged Maronites against the troops and their replacement by the Palestinian people that the Syrian Beirut bound for Athens on Sunday. Palestinians and Lebanese Muslims. troops get out now and that Israel and Arab League's "peace-keeping" forces. the imperialists stay out." Hoping to project the image of The PLO had already been split by But those forces now serve only as a -Intercontinental Press, 14 June running the country while running for the "rejection front" led by Dr. George cover for the Syrian invasion. The In the guise of merely calling for office, Gerald Ford cancelled a cam­ Habash and his Popular Front for the answer to the PLO's call for Arab the removal of Syrian troops, what paign trip to Iowa to remain in the Liberation of Palestine (PFLP), notori­ League forces was 500 additional Syrian Intercontinental Press is doing here is to White House during the uneventful ous for its airplane hijackings and other troops. give back-handed support to scab­ evacuation. Hence in Beirut the evacua­ senseless acts of indiscriminate terror­ nationalists like Jumblatt. Among tion was baptized "Operation Iowa ism. The PFLP, driven out of Jordan Kremlin Embarrassed Jumblatt's "miserable maneuvers" is his primary." after the Black September massacre of call for French imperialist troops to 1970, has taken refuge in Baghdad and Syria has suffered temporary diplo­ return to their former coIonies-a call Spoils of October has become the mouthpiece for the matic isolation as a result of its military which has now been echoed by Egypt. In policies of the Iraqi Ba'athists. occupation of Lebanon, which is also The Syrians' pretensions to be the fact, if Jumblatt's program were to be The fanatical Muslim Libyan costing a million dollars a day. Kuwait champions of the so-called "Arab realized and France intervened, revolu­ colonels have also joined the "rejection and Saudi Arabia have cut off oil Revolution" lie buried in the rubble of tionists would find themselves militarily front" which rejects negotiation or royalties to the Damascus regime and burned-out Beirut neighborhoods and supporting the forces resisting the compromise with Israel. For Iraq and Iraq has cut off its supply of crude for shelled Muslim and Christian villages in presence of the French and their Arab Libya, verbal intransigence towards the Syrian refinery at Homs and is no the Bekaa valley. Their claims to be quislings. Israel is cheap as they are not "confron­ longer using Syrian pipelines, depriving struggling against Zionism and imperi­ In the present fluid conflict, and tation states"-i.e., states which actual­ alism and for the national rights of the Damascus of transit fees. particularly given the rapidly shifting ly border Israel and have been involved Further, Syria acute'ty embarrassed Palestinians were graphically exposed allegiances, none of these' nationalist in the major military confrontations. its Soviet military benefactors by as Syrian pilots in Russian-made MIGs and communalist formations are fight­ The military commitment of Iraq and and Syrian-backed Lebanese pilots in conducting a massive invasion of ing a just struggle that would merit Libya to the Palestinian cause is British-made Hunter fighter-bombers Lebanon the very day Kosygin arrived military support from the class­ certainly dubious. During Black Sep­ strafed and bombed Palestinian refugee in Damascus for a state visit. Upon. conscious proletariat. No support can tember, Iraq refused to use its 10,000 camps. Kosygin's return to Moscow, the Rus­ be given to those who invite French troops stationed in Jordan to defend the Hoping to find in military adventures sian Stalinist regime stated: imperialist intervention. No support can Palestinians who were being massacred against Israel a "solution" to the "The Syrian Arab,Republic, on its part, be given to the Maronites and their by the Jordanian army. time and again made statements saying imperialist balkanization and exploita­ that the mission of the troops it Syrian backers, struggling to preserve tion of the Arab East, the "radical" introduced into Lebanon is to help stop the privileged position of the Maronites the bloodshed. Nevertheless, notice within Lebanon's religious-based, me­ apologists for the bonapartist Arab Syria: Agent of "Arab rulers in October 1973 rushed to hail the should be called to the fact that dievally hierarchial social order. All Revolution" or bloodshed continues in Lebanon today sides are squalid in this conflict of Egyptian and Syrian armies as fighters Counterrevolution? and blood flows in even greater for the "Arab Revolution." What were streams." competing nationalist and religious the spoils of the 1973 conflict? President Both Syria and the "rejection front" -Daily World, II June groupings. Nixon was triumphantly escorted loudly denounced as a sellout last year's However in Syria Kosygin assured his Because of the interpenetration of through the streets of Cairo as Anwar Egyptian-Israeli Sinai Agreement where­ hosts that "the Soviet Union is commit­ national and religious minorities in the "iadat courted financial investment and by in exchange for the return of its oil ted, as before, to strengthening Syria's continued on page 9 25 JUNE 1976 3 hlind if he's not gotten out of prison. Richard: Yes, that's true. Crislina: Not just Gabriel Salinas. but WV Exclusive also'Mario Toer who was arrested with us, who got an infection while he was in jail. Richard: As a result of having his eyes bandaged Toer developed conjunctivitis which was incorrectly diagnosed or incorrectly treated, and as a result of that a scar formed on his cornea which led to his needing weekly injections into the eye, a treatment just to regain some Life in Videla's Jails of the vision in his left eye. It's felt that he will need to have a cornea graft when he can get out of the country. In the case Interview with Richard and Cristina Whitecross of Gabriel. I shared a cell with him for ahout half the time I was in jail. He lost his eyesight when he was about seven in Editor's Note: /1'(, prilll h('/o 1\ , ('.\'c('/"pl.l was a Chilean who was in our !lat and lion was thrown down. even the police a fireworks accident and regained it II /i'OIII (111 ill I ('/"1' i(' 1\ , \\'ilh Richard alld thn' arrested seven or ei~ht other didn't take it sufficiently seriously to years later through the insertion of an Cristina Whitecross. two British citi­ Chileans at about the same ~time. We take action on it. Our fear during the artificial cornea. He explained this to zens recently released from Argentine were lumped together and aecused of time we were injail up to the moment we the people in the police headquarters prisons where they were held for four Iwing memhers of a cell that was were released was that they might well when we were first arrested. We had our and a half months without charge. first hringing money from Europe down into il1\ent a charge against us. And this has eyes bandaged and the police had paid by the Peron government and then by Chile and recei\ing information hack heen happening of late. Hasically, under no attention to the fact that his eyes were Ihe 1 'ide/a jUllla, III Ihe ('ollll',\'1 o( Ihl' from Chile. The fact that we didn't know the terms of our arrest -which eljually especially sensitive. He said before they illl('/'Ill1liollal call1paigll ((I .Il11'l' :\lario anyhody beyond the one person who applied to half the political prisoners bandaged his eyes that if he had bad \/uiio::, Ihe H hileCI'O.I.le,1 .Ilress Ihe was staying with us Lind two other when we were first arrested, the four or eyesight when he went into prison, then 1J('ri/ou.I .Iifllalioll o( Chi/eall re/ilgee.l ill people who happened to live in the same fi\e thousand who were there then you he wouldn't have any eyesight at all :lrg(,lIlil1a alld nlllke particular re/£'r­ a!'Ca didn't interest the police at all. could only he held for three months and when he left it. This is a danger for him if (,IICC (() Ihe plighl o(tlle lell Chi/calls alld Cri.llilla: Actuully. according to one of automatically you had to he released he doesn't receive the very specialized olle :lrgclllille arrc.lled a/ollg Il'ilh Ihelll the policemen who said to me the second and given a chance to le,ive the country. treatment that in fact he was going ill /alc ,V(}\'l'lllher J!)75. Al Ihe lilllc o( time I was questioned. they were not This was made more and more through Argentina on his way to Iho.l(, arre.ll.l. Ihe Parti.lall J)c/!'ll.1e really interested in the case at all; this difficult hecause. to begin with. you had Barcelona to receive, at the clinic where COlllllli((ee .Ielll urgelll prole.lts to Ihe was simply a favor being done for the to go to a non-neighboring country. so they had performed the original opera­ Peron government. demanding release DI N A. the Chilean secret police. mak­ that you went as far as Colomhia. and tion. He was due to be there six months o( 1/7(' 13 ji'llllle-up I'iclilll.l, alld orgall­ ing it extremely clear that they were i::ed a J)ecelllher 5 demollslraliol/ work ing together. outside the Argentine mission to the Richard: There's other evidence of this. United Nations. too. in that one of the people who was arrested and whom we met in jaiL his rAP ~i '1': What was the situation of foreign address book was taken and people he refugees in Argentina when you were knew in Chile had their houses raided A01JTi: there'! immediately after. The person who was Cri.llilla: What we knew about foreign in our flat when we were arrested was ",,- l14RO refugees was mainly concerning Chilean interrogated by a policeman using his refugees. It was difficult for them to get Chilean political record. police docu­ jobs: it was hard for them to find a place ments hrought from Chile, and there to live in. Those of them who were were questions asked specifically about staying in the United Nations refugee somebody the Chilean police presuma­ places were also having a very hard time. hly suspected of being a double agent Several months before we were arrested within the Chilean embassy. there were children who were seriously H 'I: Can you describe conditions in the ill they couldn't get a doctor. They Argentine prisons'! I understand that didn't seem to get help from anybody, although you yourselves were not and this is what led some of them to take tortured that you had evidence of others O\'er the United Nations High Commis­ heing tortured. sion for Refugees, and some of them left Cri.llina: I think that ~O or ~5 per~ent of the country. The situation naturally the people were tortured, brutally worsened for those who stayed after tortured. We were simply lucky. When that. In general. some Argentines were you are taken to police headquarters reluctant to help; others were willing to most people are tortured there and you help but knew that they could be in can certainly hear the cries and shouts trouble if they did. all night. Conditions in that big jail After the c~up apparently things got [Villa Devoto] were deteriorating; much worse. because all of the United especially after the coup things were Nations places were raided several getting much worse. The food was very times. Then nobody was allowed to bad, doctors were not very helpful and register as a refugee after that. As far as I there were too many people in each cell. know. the problem now is that if you are They don't let you read, they don't let not registered you cannot get help from you do anything. One tries to do all the United Nations; at the same time these things all the same, but you know you can't register. that you can be in trouble. In my ward Villa Devoto prison in Buenos Aires, 25 May 1973: 40,000 people stormed the Richar?/: We've mentioned the Chilean we were punished four and a half Argentine capital's main prison to force release of all political prisoners. refugees, but certainly injail one saw the months when I was there. That meant numerous Paraguayan, Bolivian and that we had no visits and for two and a Uruguayan refugees, too. half months no recreation periods that was okay. Afterwards the military ago to receive the operation again J'VV: What about the United Nations either. Anything was an excuse to ohliged you to go to somewhere other because of hemorrhaging and gradual "camps"'! punish. than in continental America, which loss of vision in his one eye. Cri.ll illa: They're houses, old houses Richard: And no food parcels or meant that people who had families WV: Is there prisoner self-help and where normally you would get, say, ten anything of that type from outside, no outside now had to borrow money and cooperation and aid? people to live in each but [now] you books. think of getting an air fare to Europe. Richard: Oh, yes. There was a coordi­ would get up to 40 or 50. The one that WV: How about those arrested with And then, about three weeks before the nating committee on both floors where I we knew only had one bathroom and you. do you have any recent news'? coup took place, the military just simply was. Everything was decided democrat­ there were about 30 people living in it. It Richard: The only news we have of didn't even bother to modify the ically between the people on the floor, was extremely difficult. people in general in Argentina is that constitution; they just held up the such as the decision as to whether to Richard: And although they're United only olle appears to have been released release orders and said that they would reject the food if it got particularly bad, Nations refuges presumably because of the 5,000 or so who were injail when have to be reviewed one by one by a the decision on what action to take if the the United Nations provides them we were released. A further 5,000 have defense counsel presided over by Videla search party was particularly violent. money to pay the rent or originally took heen arrested and we've only heard of before he became the leader ofthe junta. decisions on how to spend what little out the lease, there's no sort of sanctuary one other person being released. CriSlina: In any case. after the coup this money came through. Various proce­ there for refugees. They were raided Crislina: This is Dr. Bustos, a Chilean article of the constitution that allows dures had been arrived at through before the coup, they were raided the who is now in Germany. He was the you to leave after 60 working days was discussion by everybody, procedures for very night of the coup. person who was in our nat. All the other suspended. That was in the case of circulating the one newspaper we were WI': Let me ask you something about people arrested together with us are_still people like us where no charges were allowed each day. Towards the end of your own arrest. first. what did they there. Some have applied for visas to ever hrought against us. the four and a half months I was there, charge you with, if anything'? enter this country; others to other WV: What is the medical care, if any, of two or three or four books arrived on Richard: Well. they didn't tell us; they countries. But so far they're still there. people in prison? In particular, I our floor~other floors had rather published something in the newspapers Richard: They're all held in the same understand that one of the people more~the circulation of those books about four or five days after our arrest. way that we were, which is to say. held arrested at this time, Gabriel Salinas, was again entirely organized. The Apart from Cristina and myself there without charge. Although the accusa- has serious eye problems and may go decision as to behavior when there were 4 WORKERS VANGUARD problems of discipline, especially in relationship to the guards and so forth: For a Citv.wide Strike Against Budget Cuts there would be somebody deputed to make protests at official levels, as far as one could see officials. I think I'll never see again so much solidarity between groups of people from all walks of life Mass Layoffs, Closures and of different interests. WV: The Communist Party is support­ ing the coup, although the government has been rather ungrateful for this Threaten NYC Hospitals support. Were there Communist Party people in jail also'? Cristina: Yes, in general the Commu­ JUNE 20-New York City hospital hospitals to those in the voluntary abstract. even Gotbaum ostensibly nist Party girls were in a separate ward workers and the poor and working-class hospitals. stands behind just these principles. because they chose to do it like that. We popUlation face an imminent prospect Of course. from the standpoint of Significantly, none of the Coalition were on friendly terms with them, but of layoffs and the closing of major A FSCM E bureaucrat Gotbaum this is speakers criticized the union leadership, they didn't really participate that much health-care units. The Health and not "his" problem: after all. workers in nor did the Coalition directly call for in our activities. especially with all the Hospitals Corporation (H HC), which private hospitals are organized in other implementation of a strike against the other groups that are illegal now. In manages the city's 18 municipally unions, primarily Local 1199! It is cutbacks. general I think that they were highly owned hospitals, has earmarked four entirely in character for this slick labor Pressure groups like the Citywide suspicious of people who may have had hospitals for extinction, in line with the faker. who last year advocated "saving" Coalition are no answer for hospital something to do with the guerr.illas, or massive "iYC budget-cutting program. D.C. 37 members' jobs from MAC workers and the masses of city residents with Trotskyist groups or with anybody Three of these facilities--Sydenham cutbacks by throwing minority workers deprived of decent health care. The else for that matter. But they were not Hospital in Harlem, Gouverneur Hospi­ on federal training programs off the attacks on NYC's working people and unfriendly and some things were done talon the Lower East Side and the payroll instead, and who refused to lift a poor can only be reversed by building together with them: not extremely much Belvis "ieighborhood Family Care finger against the firing of thousands of class-struggle oppositions within the politically. Center in the South Bronx provide "provisional" city workers, even where unions. committed to waging a fight to W~': Some people who are sympathetic services primarily to ghetto residents. they were AFSCM E members. the finish against budget-slashing "aus­ to the cause of political prisoners feel The layoffs entailed by the closing of Local 1199, which itself has recently terity" policies dictated by Big MAC that really our protests can't do much these hospitals total 1,450. However, experienced layoffs. faces the expiration and the Emergency Financial Control good. these governments don't care even more extensive cutbacks are of its contract at the end of June. Instead Board. and to putting an end to the about picket lines and resolutions and envisioned by the HHC: another 1,700 of stabbing Local 1199 in the back union misleaders' treacherous collabo­ lists of endorsers, and so on, and employees are to be laid off from the Gotbaum-style, a militant leadership in ration with their capitalist politician therefore one should concentrate on remaining city hospitals. And this is in AFSCME would call for a joint city­ "friends" in Washington, Albany and other things that are more effective in addition to the 5,000 city hospital wide hospital strike which would de­ City Hall. one's own country. Was it your experi­ employees who have already been laid mand a shorter workweek with no loss In addition to the struggles of hospital ence that protests abroad had an effect off since last June 30, when NYC's in pay to create more jobs! workers. contracts covering firefighters, on the Argentine government? massive austerity program was im­ Given its acceptance of budget cut­ sanitationmen and D.C. 37 city admin­ CriSTina: I think it certainly does. I posed. If the projected layoffs are backs. however. the Gotbaum leader­ istration employees expire June 30. think that only international pressure carried out, almost one fifth of the entire ship will undoubtedly cling to the Only a class-struggle labor leadership can get these people released, and I labor force of the city hospitals will have wretched recommendations of the determined to launch militant strikes think that in our case that certainly been laid off in one year! Such drastic helped a lot. In the case of Dr. Bustos cutbacks in personnel are having a that's what got him out, and in the case major impact on health services offered of all the others who were left behind. I by municipal hospitals. which prO\ide think that they all \\ant as much done 90 percent of emergency care and 52 abroad as possible. because the Argen­ percent of out-patient care service in tine junta among other things is ex­ "ew York City. tremely interested in having this image Municipal hospital workers are of their being nice chaps and not like represented by Local 420. which belongs Pinochct at alL They get extremely to District Council 37 of the American worried when things are done abroad Federation of State. County and Mu­ and I think that it is important to do all nicipal Employees (AFSCM E). D.C. 37 these things in any of the European chief Victor Gotbaum initially threat­ countries or anywhere else for that ened a strike against any hospital matter. layoffs. blustering that he was personal­ Richard: I entirely agree. and I think ly prepared to go to jail for leading such that the Chileans have found their hands an action. which is illegal under the tied and I hope it won't be long until the state's Taylor Law. However. Gotbaum Argentine junta feels the weight of international disgust at the way in which called off the strike sched uled for June 7 when it was announced that a "fact­ people are being killed and repressed in finding" panel headed by prominent Argentina. There was a sigh of re­ black Democrat Basil Patterson was lief. internationally when the coup being set up. took place in that the assumption was The Patterson report. issued June 17, made. surely these people at least would attempts to provide the basis for a WV Photo organize things better. Well. they have "compromise" solution. It calls for NYC hospital workers demonstrating against threatened hospital closures organized things better from their point maintaining in-patient services at S);­ last summer. of view; it's just that they are continuing denham. while eliminating the pediatric the repression they had begun under Patterson report. Already Gotbaum is against the city wage freeze, the layoffs and obstetric units there and closing Mrs. Per6n and through Mrs. Per6n, claiming a partial victory, asserting that and cutbacks in health care, the city down the other three hospitals (possibly otherwise Gouverneur and Sydenham and they're organizing it on a much university system and other services can retaining nursing services at Gouver­ would have been shut down entirely. more efficient scale. They're carrying it prevent the second year of New York's neur). Layoffs of workers whose jobs Even this "compromise" is not assured, out on a wider level and there's no way capitalist-engineered ';fiscai2t!sis" from depend on the operation of these however. The Patterson report has no of stopping it other than all the internal becoming another 'r6urid ; Of" bitter institutions are to be reduced from 1,450 official status. Although both the union resistance that is going on and through defeats for NYC's wO'rking' masses .• to 852. The report recommends that the and the city are supposed to be "study­ international pressure. I think that both other 1,700 layoffs be delayed one ing" its recommendations, a fresh batch are tremendously important. month, when they "may become neces­ of 1.750 "pink slips" (layoff notices) was WV: Do you have anything else that SL/SYL reportedly sent out June 17 and 18. you would like to say? sary" if no alternative means of finan­ PUBLIC OFFICES cing is found. In the absence of decisive union Cristina: We would like to save also Revolutionary Literature The Patterson report makes it clear leadership, a Citywide Coalition to Save Sergio Munoz, Tito Pizarro and Alicia that the union accepts the necessity to the Municipal Hospitals has been set up. BAY AREA Pizarro, Gabriel Salinas, Ximena Sava­ cut back the share of city funds allocated The Coalition-a loose conglomeration la, Caterina Palma and all the others left Friday for hospital and health services: "The of community groups, would-be radi­ and behind .• Saturday ...... 3:00-6:00 p.m. Union does not raise any issue over cals and some hospital workers-held a 1634 Telegraph (3rd floor) whether the Corporation or the City demonstration June 16 which drew 250 (near 17th street) Oakland, California should make the indicated budgetary people, including delegations of work­ Phone 835-1535 savings." Failing to challenge the city's ers from several hospitals. The union CHICAGO austerity program, Gotbaum's only chiefs did not build for the demonstra­ Tuesday ...... 4:00-8:00 p.m. SPARTACIST answer is to call for such highly tion, but recognizing that the Coalition Saturday .. : ...... 2:00-6:00 p.m. improbable solutions as increasing state serves as a useful vehicle for letting an 650 South Clark and Blue Cross subsidies. . Second floor Canada angry membership blow off steam, they Chicago, Illinois Another Gotbaum stratagem is to did not discourage attendance at the Phone 427-0003_ Subscription: S2/year siphon off city funds presently allocated rally and even sent one official, Clyde NEW YORK (11 issues) to privately operated hospitals. Thus the Goins, to address it. Monday report noted that "the alternative of A lea net by the Citywide Coalition through Make payable/mail to: Friday ...... 6:30-9:00 p.m. Spartacist Canada Publishing seeking budgetary savings from the called for "No cutbacks, no layoffs. no Saturday ...... 1 :00-4:00 p.m. affiliation contraets with voluntary closings and no compromises." Talk is 260 West Broadway Association Room 522 Box 6867, Station A hospitals was urged by the Union." Such cheap; the question is how to stop the New York, New York Toronto, Ontario, Canada a "solution" would only shift the burden city bosses' attack. And for this the Phone 925-5665 of layoffs from employees of city Coalition has no program. In the 25 JUNE 1976 5 Committee to Save Mario Munoz The Committee to Detend the Worker and Sailor Prisoners in Chile and the Partisan Defense Committee are co-sponsoring a Committee to Save Mario Munoz. Among the endorsers of the international campaign are:'

ENDDRSERS Confederation of Iranian Students, Austria John Carroll, Esq., Southern Poverty Law Ira Katznelson, Assoc. Prof. Pol. Sci., U. of Consiglio di Fabbrica, Carlo Erba S.p.A:, Center" Chicago' ASIA Milano Chicago Alliance Against Racist and Political Neil Kaufler. Dove County, Board of Revolutionary Workers Party. Sri Lanka Pierre Daix Repression Supervisors' Edmund Samarakkody. Revolutionary Alfred Dallinger, Chairman, Private Noam Chomsky Theodore W. Keller Workers Party. Sri Lanka Employees Union', Austrian T.U. David Clarenbach, state senator, Wisconsin Joan Kelly-Gadol, Dept. of History, City H. Dubedout. mayor of Grenoble William E. Clark, sec'y, Graduate Assistants College of New York' AUSTRALIA Rudi Dutschke Union, U. of Conn.' Mark Kelly Australasian Meat Industries Employees Jean-Pierre Faye. writer, Paris Clergy and Laity Concerned. Cleveland Florynce Kennedy. Atty. Union Mario Felmer. Chilean Young Socialists", Chapter Michael Kennedy. Atty. Laurie Brereton. Legislative Assembly, New London Coalicion de Latinoamericanos Martin Kenner, screenwriter and author South Wales Martin Flannery, MP. British Labour Party' Fred Cohn, Atty. Kent Gay Liberation Front A. E. Bull, Sec'y, Waterside Workers J.-A. Gau. deputy Comandos de la Resistencia de la Republica Ronald Kent, Field Rep., Wisconsin State Federation of Australia', Melbourne branch Prof. Helmut Gollwitzer, Free University", Dominicana Employees Union. AFSCME' Hon. Dr. Jim Cairns, House of Berlin Comite Pro Defensa de los Derechos Alfred Kestler, physicist Representatives, Australian Labor Party Daniel Guerin, Paris Humanos en la Republica Dominicana. New Susan Kilpatrick, Lit. Dept., U. of Cal. at San (ALP)" The Gulf Committee. London York Diego' Hon. Dr. Moss Cass, House of Paco Ibanez, singer Committee Against Friedman/Harberger Noah Kimerling Representatives, ALP' Irish Republican Socialist Party, London Collaboration with the Chilean Junta, Rose Kirk, Chief Steward. Local 7507. Oil, Senator Ruth Coleman, ALP' Paul Jargot. Senator (Isere), Cpo Chicago Chemical and Atomic Workers Union Federated Engine Drivers and Fireman's JOint Council for the Welfare of Immigrants, Committee of Palestinians in New England (OCAWl' Association of Australia, Victoria and New London Communist Cadre Donald J. Klimovich, assoc. editor, Chicago South Wales branches Alain Krivine, Ligue Communiste Community Action on Latin America, Madison Magazine' Senator Arthur Gietzelt, ALP' Revolutionnaire (LCR), France Christopher R. Conybeare, The Ecumenical Pat Knight. Pres., Social Service Employees Frank Hardy, novelist Jean Michel Krivine, Ligue Communiste Justice Project' Union (SSEU)", Local 371 Bob Hawke, Federal President, ALP'; Pres. Revolutionnaire (LCR) Robert H. Cowen. Math Dept., Queens Paul Krassner, editor, The Realist" ACTU' Pierre Lambert, OCI' College' Labor Struggle Caucus, Local 6, United Ted Innes, House of Representatives, ALP" Gerard Lancomme, Grenoble William V. D'Antonio, Dept. of Sociology, U. of Automobile Workers (UAW)' Seamen's Union of Australia Dominique LeCourt, France Conn.' James T. Lafferty, Atty. Ship Painters and Dockers Union, Victoria Tom Litterick, MP, British Labour Party' Eric Davin, People's Party", Boston Kenneth P. Langton, Prof., U. of Michigan' Socialist Workers Party Marxist-Leninist Organization of Britain Angela Davis. Co-chairperson, National La Raza Organization, San Francisco State U." Transport Workers Union of Australia, New Prof. Klaus Meschkat, Univ. of Hannover' Alliance Against Racist and Political L.A. Teamsters for a Decent Contract South Wales branch Miners International Federation Repression' Lavender and Red Union, L.A. Union of Postal Clerks and Telegraphists A. Minkowski Howard S. Deck, Pres. Local 590, AFSCME', League for the Revolutionary Party Waterside Workers Federation of Australia Paul Mistral, senator AFL-CIO', Philadelphia Amy Lee, Dir. American Indian Rights Assn., CANADA Stan Newens, MP, British Labour Party' Jaime De La Isla, Chicano-Boricua Studies, Kent State U.· David F. Aberle, Prof of Anthropology, U. of Paul Noirot. journalist, Politique Hebdo", Paris Wayne State U: Gerald Lefcourt, Atty. British Columbia' North London Committee Against Repression Dave Dellinger John Leggett, Assoc. Prof. of Sociology, African Liberation Week Committee in Spain Desmond Trotter Defense Committee Rutgers U: David Archer, President, Ontario Federation of North London Teachers Association, National Carter A. Dodge Sidney Lens, author Labour' Union of Teachers", England Dominicans in Support of Progress Denise Levertov Black Education Project Alexandre Oliveira, Gazeta de Semana', Frank Donner, Gen. Counsel United Electrical Ben Levy, Democratic Socialist Organizing Trent M. Brady, Prof., York U.' Lisbon Workers (UEl', member ACLU' Committee' Andrew Brewin, Member of Parliament, New Paris Federation of the Socialist Party East Bay Women for Peace Longshore Militant, S.F. Democratic Party (NDPl' Christian Pierre, First Secretary, Paris Fed. of Donn A. Edmark. News Dir., WRJN Radio' L. Lotecka, APAL' Ed Broadbent, MP, Leader, NDP' (verbal) the Socialist Party" Elizabeth Dore, Latin American Institute, Richard Lowenthal, Dept. of Soc. and Anthro., Brian Campbell, NDP', Vancouver Parti Socialiste Unifie (PSU) Columbia U." Kent State U.' Canadian Arab Federation Jiri Pelikan, editor, Listy' Dalton D. Downs, Cleveland Froben Lozada, Chicano Studies Faculty, Canadian Labour Congress Friedrich Prechtl, chairman, Railroad Union', Stephen P. Dunn, editor, Soviet Sociology" Merritt College' Canadian Union of Public Employees, Local Austria Ecumenical Program for Inter-American Salvador Luria, Nobel Laureate 1230 Michele Ray, photographer/journalist, Communication and Action Florence Luscomb. activist/leader women's Dr. Maria Canive Politique Hebdo', Paris Robert Edelman, Assist. Prof. of Hist., U. of suffrage movement Dr. Jose Canive Ernie Roberts, assistant general secretary, Cal. at San Diego' Lutheran Global Justice Task Force Denis Cassin, National Organizer, Irish Amalgamated Union of Engineering EI Tecolote, San Francisco Conrad Lynn, Atty. Republican Clubs', USA & Canada Workers', London Thomas I. Emerson, Prof. of Law, Yale U: Staughton Lynd, author Florrie Chacon, Inter-Church Committee on George Rodgers, MP, British Labour Party" Alexander Erlich, Prof., Russian Institute, Bradford Lyttle, War Resisters League" Chile' Maxime Rodinson, author Columbia U: Lewis MacAdams Paul Copeland, Law SOCiety of Upper Canada' Claude Roy, writer, Paris Richard Fagan, Stanford U." Madison Women's Union CUPE Local 1230, Executive Committee Jean-Paul Sartre, Paris Rev. Dewey Fagerburg, East Cleveland Aadeddin A. Malley. Organization of Arab Joe Davidson, Nat'l Pres., Canadian Union of Catherine Sauvage, singer, Paris Congregat'l Peoples' Church" Students' Postal Workers' Laurent Schwartz, mathematician Paul Faler Tanya Mandel Sheila Delaney, Prof., Simon SPO Initiating Group for International John Farabaugh, Washtenaw County William Mandel Fraser U.' Solidarity, Austria Unemployed Council', Ann Arbor Michael Marcus. Prof. of Math., C.H. DeRoo, Instructor of English, Simon Alfred Stroer. V.P., European Fed. of Free Rick Feinberg Northwestern U: Fraser U.' Trade Unions", Gen'l Sec'y. Austrian Union John Felstiner, Dept. of English, Stanford U." Sheldon L. Maram, Dept. of Latin American Don J. DeVoretz, Dept. of Econ., Simon Fraser Federation', Austria Michael Ferber, Lecturer, English Dept., Yale Studies, California State U: U: Syndicat de la Magistrature U' Robert Mattoon, Jr. Oduardo Di Santo, Member of Provincial Paul Targot, Senator (Isere), Cpo, France Lawrence Ferlinghetti, City Lights Books, S.F. Gertrude Mayes, San Quentin Six Defense Parliament, Ontario NDP' P. Vidal-Naquet Norman Fisher, Dept. of Philo., Kent State U: Committee Dominicans in Support of Progress Daniel Viglietti, singer Duncan K. Foley Nancy McDermid, Prof. of Speech Rosie Douglas Luis Vitale Jane Fonda Communications, San Francisco State U: Jan Dukszta, MPP, Ontario NDP' Cristina Whitecross, London Mauricio Font, Group on Latin American Edward McGehee, English Dept., Kent Group for Defense of Civil Rights in Argentina Richard Whitecross, London Issues" State U: Groupe Marxiste Revolutionnaire, Montreal LATIN AMERICA Geoffrey Fox, Chicago Commission of Inquiry Helen McMillan Groupe Socialiste des Travailleurs du Quebec into the Status of Human Rights in Chile" John McMillan Pedro Pascal Allende, Socialist Party of Chile", Cliff Fried, Pres. AFSCME, Local 2070", Exec. Dr. Kim McQuaid, Hist. Dept., Sami Gupta, Dept. of Communication Studies, Mexico Simon Fraser U.' Bd. Member of AFL-CIO" Northwestern U. ' Rev. Gordon H. Hoult, Chairman, Erie NEAR EAST Frank Fried Michael Meeropol Presbytery', United Church of Canada' The Committee of Arab Students, Jerusalem Friends of Indochina Robert Meeropol Janet Howard, Alderman, 7th Ward, Toronto University" Eric Gamaut Memorial Union Labor Organizations Jamaica Nationals League Felicia Langer Marina Garcia, Sec'y, Assoc. of Latin Stewards Council, Madison, Wi. Ron Johnson, NDP", Vancouver Israel Shahak, Israeli League for Human and Musicians of America" Rev. Jack Mendelsohn, Sr. Minister, First Stu Leggatt, MP, NDP" (verbal) Civil Rights" Charles A. Garry, Atty. Unitarian Church of Chicago' Edwin Levy, Philosophy Dept., U. of British Joshua Sobel, writer and journalist Barbara Garson, author Lino Mendiola, Chicano advocate, U. of Columbia" M. Warschawski, Revolutionary Communist Eugene Genovese, Prof. of History, Rochester Michigan' Ligue des Droits de I'Homme, Montreal League (Matzpen-Marxist)' U: Militant Action Caucus, Communication Bob McBurney, Shop Steward, Letter Carriers James Gillespie, Local 1247, Boilermakers' Workers of America (CWA), Local 9410" UNITED STATES John A. Glenn, Atty. Militant-Solidarity Caucus, National Maritime Union of Canada", Local 1 Raymond Lee Abraham, Jr., B.S.O.C. Leo McGrady, Atty. Jorgen Goderstad, Chairman, S. Central Union' Father Antoine Adrien, Haitian Fathers" Wisconsin local, Socialist Party' Militant Solidarity Caucus, Local 906, UAW" Metropolitan Toronto Area Council, NDP" American Federation of State, County and Norman Penner, Prof. of Pol. Sci., Glendon Harvey Goldberg, Prof. of History, U. of Kate Millett, author Municipal Employees (AFSCME) Local Wisconsin" John Mitchell, International Rep., College, York U: 1695, Berkeley, Ca. Alex Power William Goodman, Nat'l Pres. Nat'l Lawyers Amalgamated Meatcutters and American Federation of State, County and Guild' Butcherworkers' Revolutionary Marxist Group Municipal Employees (AFSCME) Local 634, Charles Roach, Atty. JoAnne GranqUist, U. of Wisconsin, Madison, Julio Mojica, V.P. District 65, Distributive Madison, Wi. School of NurSing" Workers of America", New York John Rodriguez, MP, NOP" AFSCME, Local 2068 H.M. R\lsenthal, United Nations Assn:, Lee Grant Ian Mueller, Dir. of Grad. Studies in Philo., U. AFSCME, Local 2070 Rev. G.G. Grant, S.J., Amnesty International", of Chicago' Vancouver Laird Addis, Prof. of Philo., U. of Iowa" A.B. ScranJon, Mine, Mill and Smelter Workers' Committee to Save Lives in Chile" Mark Naison, Mid-Atlantic Radical Historians Eqbal Ahmad Jim Grant, SCEF" Society' Union' Ellery Allen Bob Sherwood, Executive, Toronto Area Edward F. Gray, Asst. Director, Region 9 National Jury Project Robert L. Allen, editor, The Black Scholar" UAW" National Lawyers Guild, Chicago chapter Council NDP' Alliance for Radical Change, Bay Area Simon Fraser Student Society, Vancouver Dick Gregory National Lawyers Guild, Massachusetts Roxana Alsberg, folksinger Eliot Grossman, Nat'l Lawyers Guild, Hastings chapter Socialist League Alternative Lifestyles Collective, Kent, Ohio Sudbury and District Labour Council Chapter" National Lawyers Guild, Yale U.' Joe Alvarez, Internat'l Rep., Northern Region Group of Concerned South Asians New American Movement, national office Sudbury Committee for a Democratic Chile 6, UAW' Dorothy Thomas, Alderman, Ward 9, Toronto Will Haasch, Pres., Local 507 Graphic Arts New American Movement, U. of Chicago' Associated Student Government, Industrial Union (GAIU)", Madison David Newby, State V.P., Wisconsin Vancouver Area Council of the NDP Northwestern U: Vancouver Chilean Association Burton Hall, Atty. Federation of Teachers, AFT' Associated Student Legislature at San Bill Hampton New Haven Political Prisoners Defense Gordon Vichert, Sec'y, Ontario NDP' (verbal) Francisco State U. William Vidaver, Prof. of Biology, Simon Harlem Fight Back Committee John August, Teamsters for Democracy, IBT Donald Harris, Dept. of Econ., Stanford U.' New York Unemployed Council Fraser U: 695" Michail Vitopoulos, P.A.S.O.K:, Toronto Paul Harris, Atty. Richard Newhouse, state senator, Illinois Roldo Bartimole, editor, POint of View" A. Hauert, Program Co-ord., Ethics and Azinna Nwafor, author Micheline Walker, Dept. of Romance Thomas Barton, member 1199" Languages, McMaster U.' Religion, U. of Michigan" Skip Oberbruner, Steward, Local 171 Lee Baxandall, author James Haughton, Harlem Fight Back AFSCME' EUROPE Andrew Beattie, Biology Dept., Tom Hayden OCAW, District Council 8 Frank Allaun, MP, British Labour Party' Northwestern U." Dorothy Ray Healey Dr. Philip Oke, UN rep., Christian Peace Alliance Against Fascist Dictatorship in India, Paul Benjamin, Dept. of Anthro., Stanford U." Nat Hentoff Conference" London Larry Bensky, General Manager, KPFA Radio" Ted Hiser, Inst. of Urban Studies, Cleveland Organization of Arab Students, Boston Louis Althusser, Paris Jim Berland, Public Service Dir., KPFK Radio" State U: chapter Argentine Support Movement, London Daniel Berrigan Adam Hochschild, editor, Mother Jones" Donaco Ortez, La Raza Un ida", San Francisco Asian Socialist Forum, London Alvah Bessie Richard A. Hodge, Atty. State U: Association Francaise des Juristes Black Students Organization and William L. Hoover, Dept. of Soc., Kent State U." Father William J. O'Donnell Democrates Communication, Chicago Independent Caucus, American Federation of Grace Paley, Sarah Lawrence College" Bertrand Russell Peace Foundation, London Frederick Blum, V.P., A.F.T. Local 3500'; Teachers (AFT)", New Jersey State College' Charles J. Parrish, Prof. & Chairman of Pol. Ernst Bloch, philosopher Assoc. Prof. of Geography International Socialists, Chicago local Sci., Wayne State U.' Claude Bourdet, journalist, Paris James Bond, City Council of Atlanta, Ga. International Socialists, Madison local Partido Revolucionario Dominicano Dr. Peter Brandt, Berlin Peter Bonerz, TV/film actor, director International Student Defense Committee, U. Partido Socialista Puertorriqueno. Bay Area Pierre Broue, Organisation Communiste Anne Braden, civil rights activist of Chicago" committee Internationaliste (OCll', Grenoble Fred Branfman International Workers Party Susan Paul, American Friends Service Campaign for the Release of Indian Political Ruth Brdar, Cleveland Women's Counseling" Iowa City Federation of Labor Committee" Prisoners, London Charles Brekmeier, Dept. of Pol. Sci., Stanford Abdeen Jabara, Atty. Dean Peerman, Christian Century' Campaign to Repeal the Immigration Act, U: Paul Jacobs, ex-editor, Ramparts" Eve Pell London J. Quinn Brisben, V.P. candidate, SPUSA" E. Roy John, Dir. Brain Research Laboratory, Joseph Persky, Union of Radical Political Carmen Castillo, Chilean MIA' Jesse Cabrillo, Chicano Studies Dept., CSU, New York Medical College' Economists (URPE)' Comite International Contre la Repression, Northridge" Dale Johnson, Prof. of SQl:iology, Rutgers U." James Petras, Prof. of Soc., State U. of N. Y. at Paris Flnley Campbell, Progressive Faculty Rev. Kenneth E. Jones, Bethany Presbyterian Binghamton" Commission of Overseas Students Caucus", U. of Wisconsin" Church', Cleveland Organization, U. of Birmingham Joe Carnegie, Dir., Brooklyn Fight Back Sanford Katz, Atty. continued on next page

6 WORKERS VANGUARD Munoz Delegation Barred From Argentine Mission to UN Videla's Ambassador Can't Hide Junta Terror During the last week, reports of mass revolutionary workers leader! kidnappings, torture and wholesale Even prominent bourgeois politicians assassinations have begun to pour out of are now falling prey to the escalating Argentina. This has partially lifted the right-wing terror. Found murdered mask of respectability from the bloody recently were former Uruguayan sena­ junta and shocked world bourgeois tor Zelmar Michelini and the former opinion, which had been largely favor­ president of Uruguay's Chamber of able to the generals who took power in Deputies, Hector Gutierrez Ruiz, as Buenos Aires March 23. But the news well as the ex-president of Bolivia, Juan reports also indicate that time is running Jose Torres. Among the particular out for effective protest to save the lives targets of the reactionary murder of endangered leftists, trade unionists sq uads-the Argentine Anti­ and refugees from other South Ameri­ Communist Alliance (AAA) and Liber­ can military dictatorships. tadores de America-have been Chilean The Committee to Save Mario refugees, from the most prominent M ufioz has campaigned tirelessly for the (General Carlos Pratts, who was assassi­ last two months to build support for the nated last year by the AAA) to thou­ 36-year-old Chilean miners leader being sands of unknown workers forced to flee hunted down by the Argentine junta. from Pinochet's death camps. Through its efforts, endorsements for Following the theft of ,documents WV Photo the Mufioz campaign have been gath­ revealing addresses of some 8,000 UN­ Demonstration outside Argentine mission to UN in New York last Friday ered from a broad range of labor and recognized refugees last week, and the protesting Videla regime's manhunt for Chilean militant Mario Munoz, socialist organizations and numerous subsequent kidnapping and torture of individuals concerned to defend demo­ two dozen Chileans from a refugee hotel concern for 'the fate of thousands of cratic rights. Except for Chilean MIR in the capital (only half a block from a refugees trapped in Argentina. •• ' • F ,1..._ leader Edgardo Enriquez, arrested on police station), the UN High Commis­ L-·" April 10 and secretly turned over to sion for Refugees has announced Delegation Locked Out St\VE. Pinochet two weeks later, more than emergency efforts to bring refugees out On Friday, June 19, the Committee to "t any other single individual Mario of the country. In the U.S., even the Save Mario Mufioz sponsored a 02 t Mufioz Salas has become the focus of Tolstoy Foundation, an admitted con­ demonstration opposite the Argentine international protest against the rightist duit for State Department funds which mission to the United Nations in New terror threatening political refugees in helped relocate the pimps and torturers York City, while a Committee delega­ Argentina. Recent events underscore of Thieu's puppet Saigon regime, found tion sought to meet with the Argentine the need to redouble efforts to save this it expedient to go on record expressing ambassador to protest the manhunt and demand that Mufioz and his family be allowed to leave the country unhin­ Otto Pikaza, Assoc. Prof. Latin Amer. Studies Roney L. Sorenson, Alderman Dist. 5, dered. However, after earlier assuring U. of III.' Madison, Wi. Portage County Campaign for a Democratic Martin Sostre the Committee that an official would Foreign Policy Spark Postal Action Committee Steven ;:;tack, U. of Conn.' meet the delegation on Friday, the Adam Przeworski, Assoc. Prof. Pol. Sci., U. of Stan Steiner, author La Raza mission suddenly found itself unavail­ Chicago' I.F. Stone Joanne Fox Przeworski, Chicago Commission Student Government, University of Illinois', able to meet at any time on the agreed­ to Investigate Status of Human Rights in Circle Campus upon day. Chile, 1974' Doris E. Strieter, Chicago Committee to Save Leonard Radinsky, U. of Chicago' Lives in Chile' Moreover, when the delegation ar­ WVPhoto Judith Rainbrook, Cleveland Women's Lester Strong rived they were even refused entrance to Counseling' Student Co-op, U. of Cal. at San Diego' PDC staff counsel Valerie West Rank and File Coalition, Local 6, UAW' Willie Tate, defendant, San Quentin Six the front door of the building at I speaking to Munoz demonstration Justin Ravitz, Judge, Recorders Court. Detroit Teaching Assistants Association, AFT, Local at UN after delegation barred from Revolutionary Communist League- 3220 United Nations Plaza, where Videla's (I nternational ist) Walter Teague, Friends of Indochina representatives sat behind locked doors Argentine mission to UN, Revolutionary Marxist Committee Studs Terkel, author on the 25th floor. After much negotia­ Revolutionary Marxist Organizing Committee Alexander M. Thompson, Stanford URPE' by military dictators on both sides of the Revolutionary Socialist League Tom Thompson, editor, Los Angeles tion with the guard, Daniel Berrigan, a Ramona Ripster, Exec. Dir., American Civil Vanguard' Andes. Valerie West, staff counsel for Liberties Union of Southern California' Rip Torn, actor/director member of the Committee delegation, the Partisan Defense Committee, spoke Jack L. Roach, Prof., U. of Connecticut' Esteban E. Torres, assistant director, remarked, "This must be a powerful Janet K. Roach, Instructor, Eastern International Affairs Dept., United Auto of the POe's efforts on behalf of Mufioz Connecticut State College' Workers' statement to cause so much fear of it." and other threatened militants in Latin Michael Rogin, Prof. Pol. SCience, U. of Cal. at United Farmworker Support Committee, Finally the declaration of protest was Berkeley' Madison, Wi. America. (The PDC is an anti-sectarian, Norm Roth, former Pres., Local 6, UAW' University of Chicago Student Government reluctantly conveyed upstairs by the Betsy Rubin, Ann Arbor UFW Support U. of Iowa Employees Union, Local 12, class-struggle defense organization, Committee' AFSCME' guard, and Valerie West of the delega­ whose work is in the tradition of the Richard Rubinstein, Prof. Pol. Sci., Arturo Vasquez, Latin American Studies Dept., tion addressed the picket line across the Roosevelt U.' U. of Illinois', Circle Campus International Labor Defense during the Bobby L. Rush Virgil J. Vogel, Sec'y, Socialist Party of Illinois' street. 1920's and in accordance with' the Richard Sable, Atty. Theodore J. Voneida Over 70 supporters of the Mufioz Joel Sam off, Dept. of Pol. Sci., U. of Michigan' George Wald, Nobel Laureate, Prof. of political aims of the Spartacist League.) J. Leon Samper, Dept. of Soc., U. of Conn.' Biology, Harvard U.' campaign marched opposite the Argen­ As West pointed out, this is the Maria Sam per Anthony Walsh, National Lawyers Guild' tine mission and UN headquarters, their San Quentin Six Defense Committee Warehouse Militant, S.F. second time in recent months that the Fay Schmidt Lee Webster, Socialist Party USA', Milwaukee chants echoing off the glittering, silent Henry Schmidt, Member of Bay Area John F. Weeks, Dept. of Economics, U. of PDC had gone to the Argentine mission Pensioners' Wisconsin' glass walls behind which lurked the to the UN to denounce right-wing Jay Schulman, National Jury Project What She Wants representatives of the blood-drenched Charles Schwartz, Prof. of Physics, U. of Cal. John K. Whitmore, Prof., U. of Michigan' repression. In December of la'st year it at Berkeley' Sidney E. William, Youth Vision Integrity' junta. The protesters marched for close held a demonstration protesting the JoAnn M. Scott, San Francisco State U.' Curtis Wilson, historian to an hour, chanting "Hands off Mario James Scully, Prof., U. of Conn.' Bernard Wiltshire, Desmond Trotter Defense arrest of 13 persons accused of supply­ Search for Justice and Equality in Palestine Committee Mufioz-Working-class' leader must ing money and guns to resistance groups Seattle Radical Women Wisconsin Student Association not die!" and "Down with the junta­ Dennis Serrette, Coalition of Black Trade John WomaCk, Jr., Dept. of Hist., Harvard U.' in Chile. Then, too, the mission refused Unionists' Women's Coffee House Collectors, ltd. workers to power!" Among the partici­ John Sharpe, Sec'y, international Spartacist Will Wri~ht, Assoc. Prof. of Soc., U. of Cal. at to receive a delegation at first, although tendency San Diego' pants were representatives of the Parti­ an official finally agreed to accept a James J. Sheehan Peter Yarrow san Defense Committee (PDq, U.S.­ Sylvia Sherman, Sec'y, Local 171, AFSCME' Frank P. Zeidler, Socialist Party USA' statement while remarking that there William M. Shepherd, Prof. of Economics, U. of Howard Zinn based co-sponsor of the Committee to was nothing to worry about, since the Michigan' Marvin Ziporyn, psychiatrist Save Mario Mufioz; the Spartacist Carl Shier, International Representative, Marvin Zonis, Prof., U. of Chicago' Argentine judicial system was "quite a UAW' Eddison J.M. Zvobgo, ZANU' League / Spartacus Youth League; the good one." Nevertheless, today only Socialist Party USA, Milwaukee Revolutionary Socialist League; Revo­ Socialist Party, S. Central Wisconsin local 'Organization listed for identification three of the 13 have been released, all of Robert Solomon purposes only. lutionary Marxist Organizing Commit­ them because of international protests (partial listing) tee; International Workers Party; and a on their behalf (see interview with contingent from Communist Cadre. Richard and Cristina Whitecross in this Press Conference issue ofWV). FUNDS NEEDED! At first the junta's public relations Following the demonstration, a press experts were relatively successful in Send urgently needed contributions for the conference was held at the Plaza Hotel. obscuring the reality of massive repres­ defense campaign to save Mario Munoz to: Speaking for the Committee to Save sion against labor and the left, West Partisan Defense Committee, Box 633, Canal Sf. Sta., New York, NY 10013 Mario Mufioz, Gracinha Soares gave a explained, but today they are no longer Make checks payable to "Partisan Defense Committee," earmark for "Munoz Campaign." history of the persecution of this able to hide the river of blood behind Chilean unionist threatened with death continued on page 9 25 JUNE 1976 7 Students Organization (SASO) have black and white bystanders. As they jobs, supposedly to find employment in been defendants in a months-long trial chanted "Power to Soweto" and raised "border industries" to be created on the Soweto ... under the notorious Terrorism Act as clenched fists, policemen, reinforced by fringes of the bantustans. Townships (continued from page 1) the result of a pro-Frelimo rally held at white railway workers and motorcycle like Alexandra, situated uncomfortably the University of the North in Septem­ gangs, viciously set upon them and close to affluent white areas, are being church at the University of Zululand in ber 1974. In recent months the black dispersed the march. In Durban, black forcibly resettled according to the Natal were razed to the ground. The universities have been continually swept students attempting to march on the master plan. The rebellion in the University of the North at T urfloop was ,by dragnet raids to break the back of the City Hall were also turned back by club­ townships is thus played out against a closed after students set fire to the militant "black consciousness swinging police. backdrop of mounting black discontent recreation hall and the language labo­ movement." with the conditions of government ratory. These universities have been Two hundred students from the white Soweto-Symbol of Oppression repression and economic insecurity. And all this while independent black centers of resistance to the apartheid Witwatersrand University marching The dispute which sparked the Sowe­ regimes have come to power in the regime and of solidarity with nationalist through the streets of Johannesburg to to massacre on Wednesday is indicative neighboring former Portuguese colo­ struggles in Angola and Mozambique. protest the murderous government of theall-pervasive oppression of non­ nies (Angola and Mozambique), rekin­ Nine members of the South African repression were joined by hundreds of whites in South Africa. In line with the dling the just aspirations of South Afrikaner-based Nationalist Party's African blacks to rule the country. program of forcibly reintroducing tribal divisions and cultural backwardness, Black Labor: Achilles Heel of instruction in one of seven tribal Apartheid "mother tongues" became the norm in 300 Demonstrate in NYC "Bantu" primary schools beginning in But Soweto is more than a symbol of the mid-1950's. For the small minority the agonizing squalor and discrimina­ Against Soweto Massacre of blacks able to attend secondary tion that are the lot of non-whites. It schools, English, the language of indus­ also represents the Achilles heel of try and commerce (and hence a necessity apartheid-the ever-growing demand for economic advancement), was the for black labor to work the factories and rule until recently. mines of the white capitalists. Not even In 1974, however, authorities in the Vorster believes that all 18 million Transvaal, the province in which Sowe­ blacks will eventually settle in the to is located, introduced Afrikaans as a "bantustans." "Separate development" second co-equal instructional language is designed to minimize the black in the secondary schools~·For the black popUlation in the economically strategic students, this reinforced the enormous centers of South Africa. The only blacks burden of acquiring academic skills and allowed in "white South Africa" are was seen as a callous act of cultural those who produce profits for· their SUbjugation. forcing them to learn the masters. language of the hated ruling party. A The township explosions that rocked month ago, a boycott started at Phefeni the Witwatersrand follow close upon a Junior Secondary School and soon period of labor unrest and escalating spread to seven other schools, leading militancy among urban blacks. Under up to the mass anti-Afrikaans march on the impact of the world capitalist June 16. depression, black workers, joined in The language dispute is but one of the Natal province by their Indian class innumerable excrescences of the apart­ brothers. smashed through the near­ heid system. Soweto contains a popula­ solid wall of repression that descended tion of over 1.000,000 black people in 35 upon the country following Sharpeville. square miles. Of its 102,000 tightly A wave of strikes in January and crammed bungalows, perhaps half have February of 1973 involved 60,000 cold running water, less than a quarter workers (compared to a mere 6,376 have electricity and only 15 percent have workers who took part in recorded inside bathrooms. The average family WV Photo strikes throughout 1971-72). The Dur­ income is $46 a month. Because blacks ban area was nearly paralyzed by the J L N E 19-Protesting the vicious police massacre unleashed by the Vorster are regarded as migrants anywhere in walkout of manufacturing, construction regime to crush the rebellion of oppressed blacks in Soweto and other African South Africa except for the meager 13 and government workers. These strikes "townships" near Johannesburg, about 350 people marched today on the percent of the land designated as "tribal spurred a surge of organization of South African mission to the United Nations in New York. The protest, called homelands," the residents of Soweto Africans into trade unions (still only on one day's notice by the Pan African Students Association of the Americas cannot own land or the houses in which 60,000 out of the 5-million-strong black (PASOA), began at Times Square and demonstrators marched chanting they live. proletariat of South Africa). Although through the streets toward the UN until police forced them onto the To the white oppressors, Soweto these unions are not recognized either sidewalks. exists in a virtual fourth dimension of by the government or the employers, Meanwhile, yesterday two unidentified black men walked into the South rigid segregation. It contains more than black workers fought to be represented African Airways office in broad daylight, smashing the plate glass windows 5 percent of the entire black popUlation by their own organizations. not and busting up office equipment inside while snapping pictures of the action. of the country, yet from Johannesburg, by corporatist management' worker Police, however, say they cannot determine whether this incident was related ten miles away, no signposts even committees. to the Soweto massacre! indicate its existence. A thick pall of The Pretoria regime met this strike Participants in today's demonstration included Youth Against War and smoke from coal and wood stoves wave with a two-pronged approach. The Fascism (Y A WF), the Spartacist League/Spartacus Youth League envelops the town, making it nearly gold miners, a majority of whom are (SL/SYL), a representative of the Pan African Congress, the May Ist Anti­ invisible from even the highest buildings migrants from neighboring African Apartheid Day Committee (a YAWF-dominated bloc), SA SO 9 Defense in Johannesburg. countries, were frequently subjected to Committee, Partisan Defense Committee (PDC), Communist Cadre and the Africans living in the townships are the traditional methods-the revolver Socialist Workers Party (SWP). Glaringly absent were any of the Maoist locked in by a maze of police-state laws. and the baton. Thirty-seven of them groups. Following Peking's bloc with white-supremacist South Africa and Only those who were born in the were murdered by police in 1974. But in U.S. imperialism against the MPLA in Angola, the Mao Stalinists evidently township and have lived there continu­ the Johannesburg and Durban areas, found it inconvenient to. show up at a demonstration denouncing their ally's ously, or have worked in the area the government trod somewhat more murderous onslaught against the black masses of South Africa. continuously for, 15_ .. ,¥l!ars, or have carefully. Police charges were temporar­ Unfortunately, sectarian practices continue to characterize the activities of worked for the same employer for ten ily supplanted by limited concessions­ PASOA. Thus the SL/SYL contingent of approximately 60 people, one of years, have a right to remain there. For wage increases and factory "liaison the largest at the march, was denied a speaker at the rally even though, for the 4 million Xhosas (of whom 1.3 committees" to handle grievances. example, the National Student Coalition Against Racism (NSCAR), having million live outside their so-called In recent months a new rash of strikes mobilized only a handful of NSCAR/SWP supporters, was given speaking "homeland" and 83,000 in the Johan­ has broken out-shipyard workers in time. . nesburg area), even this tenuous right is Durban, factory workers in Nevertheless, the militant SL/SYL contingent set much of the angry tone threatened. The Vorster government is Germiston-despite a clear return by for the demonstration. The Spartacist banner, "Smash Apartheid Through pushing a bill through Parliament which the government to hard-line tactics. The Workers Revolution," and placards proclaiming "Sharpeville, Soweto­ would strip all Xhosas of their remain­ Black Metal and Allied Workers Union A venge the Martyred Militants" contrasted sharply to Y A WFs insipid ing "citizenship rights" when the Trans­ in Durban has enlisted the support of "Down with Apartheid, Stop the Killing Now" or the SWP's mealy-mouthed kei becomes independent in October. the British Trades Union Congress in liberal "End the Murders in South Africa" slogans. Several tim~ during the Blacks' employment, education, trav­ pressing its demands for recognition by march the crowd picked up the SL chant "Down with Apartheid, Workers to el, family relations, etc. are tightly the South African subsidiary of Leyland Power," until Y A WF marshals instructed their ranks to chant instead "Down controlled by the pass books which each Motors. In Johannesburg this March, a with Apartheid, Stop the Genocide." must carry. These voluminous docu­ demonstration against the political trial Other Spartacist placards called for "Smash the Racist Regimes in South ment files restrict their daily movements of seven anti-apartheid activists was Africa, Rhodesia and Namibia," "For the Right of Trade Union Organiza­ and are minutely scrutinized by white bolstered by over 1,500 black workers, tion," "Smash the Racist Bantustan Schemes," "Smash Vorster's Police State officials. Failure to produce the book at about to leave for home at the railroad Regime" and "For the Rebirth of the Fourth International." Signs carried by any time can lead to imprisonment, station, who turned it into a militant representatives of the Partisan Defense Committee demanded "Free SASO, forced labor in private farms or deporta­ confrontation with local police. NUSAS, ANC Victims of Apartheid," referring to members of the South tion to a "bantustan," and some half a By rigidly restricting township African Students Organization, National Union of South African Students million blacks are arrested every year residence to blacks employed in the and African National Congress currently on trial under Vorster's catch-all for "pass offenses." white-owned economy (of course at the Terrorism Act. Another PDC sign called for freeing South West African As the government plunges ahead lowest levels), the "master race" theo­ People's Organization (SW APO) militants sentenced to death by the white with its so-called "separate develop­ rists have ensured that any serious supremacist courts.• ment" scheme, tens of thousands of unrest in the townships will almost black workers are being thrown out of inevitably take on a proletarian charac- 8 WORKERS VANGUARD ter. As the Witwatersrand townships of blacks; in mining the reported wage rebelled, the press carried accounts of gap is 19 to 1. Actually, it is much the organization of "stay at home higher-20 to I overall-and wider Palestinian State Workers ••• strikes," essentially mass strikes in today than 40 years ago. With the rabid (continued from page 2) which factory and mine workers clus­ support of the labor aristocracy and tered together in compact areas distant their strategic control of the state Nationalist ... wealth Auditorium in Boston, where the from their work places can shut off the apparatus, including the well-armed (continued from page 2) state's insulting contract offer was flow of labor to many capitalists in a military, the Nationalists will defend rejected, no discussion was allowed single stroke. However, the "township" white Baasskap (overlordship) at all the independence of trade unions from from the floor, the ranks were told system gives the government an enor­ costs, dragging the UP in their wake. the state. To forge proletarian solidarity precisely nothing about what actions the mous military advantage. In 1953 Hendrik Verwoerd, Vorster's to uproot both Zionism and the bour­ leadership planned to take or even what predecessor, wrote of the black man: geois Arab nationalism promoted by the the union's current bargaining proposal "There is no place for him in the was! This insult to the membership in Ruling Class Divisions reactionary sultans and colonels, the European community above the level of Israeli Hebrew working class above all the guise of a mass meeting lasted a ~I certain forms of labor .... Until now he While all sections of the white ruling must recognize that its own class grand total of 20 minutes. has been ... misled ... by showing him class benefit from the super­ interests require that it wage an uncom­ There is no strike fund whatsoever, f the green pastures of European promising struggle against the brutal and bail money for the picketers exploitation and militarization of black society in which he was not allowed to t labor, there are certain divisions on how national oppression imposed upon the arrested at Grove Hi).l1 Monday has had graze" (quoted in Franz Lee, Anatomy Palestinians. to be raised by passing the hat among t best to protect white privileges and of Apirtheid, 1966). To this day, bourgeois rule. The largely English­ Although he criticizes the petty­ strikers, without any assistance from the such is the guiding philosophy of the union. At Furnald State School for the speaking United Party (UP), represent­ regime. bourgeois nationalist PLO leadership, = ing major private capitalist interests, Faris is led to give backhanded support Mentally Retarded, where a 150-200 .,.: opposes the more egregious aspects of to the reactionary Arab nationalists: strong picket line was formed despite ilK= For Workers Revolution Through low union membership, the picketers, iii. "separate development," as on the Smashing Apartheid! "the Middle East conflict at the level of k question of Xhosa citizenship, and the Israel-Palestine is above all a conflict many of whom were not even union .. more blatantly repressive government Afrikaner Nationalist Party policy­ between Zionism, embodied in the state members, received little guidance from I measures such as the preventive deten­ the apartheid system-is designed of Israel, and the Palestine movement the few union representatives present .. tion Promotion of State Security Bill. above all to suppress black insurrection. . for national liberation" and not "essen­ and were compelled to make their own But at every crucial stage-in 1909-10, As capitalists, the South African ruling tially between national bourgeoisies picket signs. Militancy also varies when the terms of Anglo-Afrikaner class seeks to maximize its profits that have enthralled the interests of their tremendously from one location to the i.. through the exploitation of labor. But as nexL Whereas at some locations such as unification were being decided; in 1936, masses to their own." We deny Faris' II• when the Cape Africans were removed nationalists of an oppressor minority, it assertion that the principal force on the the Grove Hall Welfare Office, picketers .. is committed to preventing the black militantly battled scabs and cops, at w from the common voters' role-the Arab side is the "Palestinian movement Iii English-speaking bourgeoisie collabor­ population from attaining even rudi­ for national liberation." The real mili­ others secretaries were allowed to picket ated in building the structure of white mentary bases for political power. Thus tary threat to Israel does not come from during their lunch hours and then return .."" supremacy. a white labor aristocracy is artificially the Palestinian guerrillas, but from the to work! ..• WoO Facing the recent resurgence of black maintained at the expense of short-term Arab bourgeois states-primarily Egypt Scabbing-by almost 30 percent of militancy, the UP has become an profitability. and Syria-whose motives have nothing the unionized workforce-must be -... increasingly tame opposition. Its most Rigid racial separation is an essential to do with Palestinian national libera­ halted or the strike will be destroyed. .. liberal wing split last year, merged with element in the deployment of over­ tion. After Black September, after the Mass picket lines must be set up and - the Progressive Party and formed the whelming military force against the Syrian action in Lebanon, Faris can defended, to stop scabbing and police -.. Progressive Reform Party (PRP). This black masses. The consolidation of scarcely expect his readers to believe strikebreaking. Although obviously the -er small party opposes apartheid and Nationalist rule since 1948 has required that the wars of 1967 and 1973 were unions must make provisions for certain claims to champion racial equality. extensive police state terror measures fought to achieve the national rights of items like emergency medical care, However, the PRP does not even, (under the legal cover of the Suppres­ the Palestinians. widespread scabbing by nurses and support the most elementary principle sion of Communism Act and the Faris repudiates the class war and performance of duties by bridgetenders of bourgeois democracy-universal Terrorism Act), not only toward blacks thereby rejects the only real road under the guise of carrying out "vital suffrage. Rather, it favors electoral but also against those whites advocating forward for the oppressed working functions" must cease. Union officials rights based on educational achieve­ a multi-racial society. This repression masses of the Near East. Only the are calling for federal mediation of the ment, a disguised form of white suprem­ was directed in particular against the revolutionary transformation of prop­ strike, no doubt as an excuse to pare ~ acy. Moreover, the party's association workers movement, a policy exempli­ erty relations and the establishment of a down the bargaining demands. Strikers with gold baron Harry Oppenheimer, a fied by the suppression during the 1950's binational proletarian dictatorship in a must instead insist on a substantial pay of South Africa's very few integrated boost, full cost-of-living escalator ---iii! prime beneficiary of the colonialist socialist federation of the Near East can -~ contract mine labor system, indicates trade unions, most notably a union of provide the framework for the eradica­ clause, an iron-clad no-layoff clause in a ~ that the PRP's apparent liberalism is black and Boer women garment work­ tion of national oppression and the just one-year contract, an end to all restric­ largely for foreign consumption, grist ers headed by Communist Party leader resolution of the competing national tions on the unions' right to strike, and for the propaganda mills that encourage Solly Sachs. claims of the Hebrew and Arab no victimizations or fines. This can only investment in South Africa because The system of superexploiting black peoples .• be carried out through democratically capitalist development will supposedly workers as migrant (and quite often elected strike committees, which will ease racial segregation. Nothing could contract) laborers must be destroyed. vigilantly guard against betrayals by the be farther from the truth. The key immediate demands of the labor bureaucrats.• Both the UP and PRP oppose the black workers movement should be exclusion of blacks from skilled and abolition of the color bar for all jobs, semi-skilled job categories because it establishment of multi-racial trade Lebanon ... " creates labor shortages and maintains unions, abolition of the pass system and artificially high wage levels for white of the compulsory labor contract (continued from page 3) workers (in the Cape Province many system. These demands will tend to Near East, none of which has the "coloured" or mulatto workers hold break down the labor-aristocratic caste decisive social weight to consolidate a semi-skilled jobs intermediate between status of the white workers. modern nation-state, the conflict of blacks and whites). The Nationalist The concentration and super­ competing national antagonisms, ex­ Party, in power since 1948, staunchly exploitation of the black proletariat ploited and exacerbated by imperialism, defends the industrial color bar. It tries means that any extension of democratic can be resolved only under the leader­ to overcome skilled labor shortages by rights points directly toward workers ship of the revolutionary proletariat. encouraging white immigration, hold­ revolution. This accounts for the bitter­ The democratic and national rights of ing out the lure of immediate access to end commitment to massive military the peoples of the Near East can be won the privileges of the labor aristocracy. terror on the part of the white ruling and safeguarded not by a supposedly These privileges are no small class. However, the strategic economic classless (hence non-existent) "Arab incentive. White workers' wages in position of black workers enables them Revolution" but by a socialist revolu­ manufacturing average five times those to force concessions even from hard line tion led by the proletariat, the only class Afrikaner reactionaries. The 1973-74 which can rise above the historically strike wave resulted in the Vorster accumulated religious and national regime tolerating and even (to a limited hatreds and rally to its banner all the degree) bargaining formally with illegal oppressed and exploited masses for SUBSCRIBE black unions. This important develop­ whom capitalism means only the contin­ ment gives the lie to petty-bourgeois uation of national degradation and WOMEN AND nationalists who deny the power of the fratricidal wars .• proletariat, instead hailing impotent REVOLUTION guerrillaism. No. 11, Spring 1976 The South African revolution is more • Against Our Will: A Review than a simple class question. It is Spartacus Youth League Pamphlet • Architecture As a Tool of Social through smashing apartheid that the Transformation road will be opened to a black-centered The Fight to Implement • Early Communist Work Among workers and peasants governmenL A Busing Women: The Bolsheviks-Part 2 Trotskyist leadership must be forged For Labor/Black Defense to • Reactionary Backlash Targets that can channel the militant plebeian Stop Racist Attacks and to Women's Rights currents in the African "townships" into SmaSh Fascist Threats a class-conscious and disciplined work­ TROTSKYIST LEAGUE Subscription rate: Of CANADA $2 for 4 issues ers movement (whether legal or illegal, Price: 75¢ open or clandestine), and link the TORONTO ...... (416) 366-4107 Make payable/mail to: Order from/pay to: Box 222, Station B Spartacist Publishing Co. struggles of the black working class for Spartacus Youth Publishing Co. Toronto. Ontario. Box 1377, GPO economic gains and elementary demo­ Box 825, Canal Street Station VANCOUVER ...... (604) 299-5306 New York, NY 10001 cratic rights to the fight for proletarian New York, New York 10013 Box 26. Station A power .• \", Vancouver, B.C. 25 JUNE 1976 9 sent Videla a telegram expressing than Arthur Fox), set up a small picket Junta Terror ... concern for the fate of Munoz. The line outside the convention on the first Friday demonstration was given several Teamster day and did manage to scrape up a few (COli I ill lied .Ii·o/ll page 7) minutes coverage on WBAI radio. delegates. mainly from Detroit. TDU leader Pete Camarata was the victim of In Canada, the campaign has received Convention ... locked doors. She noted several other a goon attack outside a convention the endorsement of the Canadian victims of the rightist terror, among (continued from page 12) party held June 19. Although one Labpur Congress (CLC); David Archer, them Enriquez, PRT / ERP guerrilla last six years, Teamster sweetheart suspect was caught, Camarata reported­ president of the Ontario Federation of leader Mario Roberto Santucho (re­ contracts were used by employers to try ly refused to press charges because Labour; and, importantly, from the ported captured in early June, although to break the United Farm Workers.) At police "tore up the report and said we Sudbury District Labour Council~ not yet confirmed), film director Rai­ the convention. he blatantly attempted would be wasting our time." This is not miners in Canada supporting Chilean mundo Glaser, labor lawyer Roberto to cover up Teamster collaboration with surprising, since the Las Vegas enter­ miners. The New Democratic Party Singaglia and physician Lierof Manuel, the growers by falsely asserting to tainment industry is heavily bankrolled (NDP). which is linked to the CLC, and a refugee from Uruguay. reporters: "When we met Chavez head by Teamster funds (to the tune of $130 NDP leaders have backed the campaign Describing the brazen kidnapping of to head in elections, we won the million) and the city is unwilling to at both national and local levels. The 25 persons from a UN refugee hotel on overwhelming majority of those elec­ antagonize its investors. most recent expression of NDP support June 10, West remarked: tions." In fact, the U FW won most of TDU had initially planned to focus its was a telegram sent from its Ontario "The gunmen who broke in and the contested elections. convention fight around a series of kidnapped them. drove the Ford Fal­ convention to General Videla demand­ Teamster president Fitzsimmons has union reforms, including direct mem- cons that are known as the official car of ing that Munoz be granted safe conduct the federal police and the unofficial car of the unofficial police. the death out of Argentina. squads ..... which have run their mur­ In Australia, the Munoz defense derous night and fog operations with official sanction. often using official effort has been endorsed by several police identification." important unions. including the Sea­ The terrorization of refugees, she noted, men's Union, the Waterside Workers Federation. the Union of Postal Clerks , f~~ is no longer dismissed as a figment of the , .>~ and Telegraphists, and branches of the Transport Workers and Ship Painters and Dockers Union. In Britain, the ONTARIO NDP campaign is supported by the Miners TELEGRAM TO International Federation and the North London aggregate of the National GENERAL VIDELA Union of Teachers. The Munoz defense Ontario New Democratic has also been endorsed by British Labour Party and Australian Labor Part~' convention protests Party members of parliament, while in persecution of Chilean union Europe prominent Socialist and Com­ leader Mario Munoz Salas. munist Party legislators are among the endorsers. UPI l'rge you call off manhunt, TDU leader Pete Camarata outside Teamster convention in Las Vegas last preHnt extradition to Chile West announced further plans of the week. and grant him and his family Committee, which projects two impor­ been the only strong supporter of Nixon permission to leave Argentina tant delegations in the next weeks: one and Ford in organized labor, and the unharmed. to Geneva to the UN High Commission­ Ford administration has so far handled er for Refugees, and a second to the union with kid gloves. In fact, W.J. -approved at ONDP Washington, D.C., to register a protest Usery, Jr., U.S. Labor Secretary and convention, Kingston, with the Argentine ambassador. nominal head of the Labor Department Fr. Daniel Berrigan was the third Ontario, 11-12 June 1976 investigation, was a guest speaker at the speaker at the press conference, vividly convention where he hailed the Team­ expressing the hellish situation of the ster leaders as outstanding representa­ refugees and the urgency of the cam­ tives of their members. This predictably imagination of "extremists." "The Vide­ paign to save Mario Munoz. The led to an uproar among Democratic la junta says that none of this is going refugees, he said, "go not from one leaders in Congress, and the Senate on," West added. torture chamber or regime into free­ Labor and Public Welfare Committee "But whatever they claim, they no dom, but find themselves in another cell announced its intention to investigate doubt understand that they cannot for of the same nightmare. So the passage too much longer hide their torture the Ford Administration's investigation centers as office buildings. They will from Chile to Argentina has been shown into the union. Meanwhile, the IBT soon no longer attempt to hide their to be a passage into nowhere." convention refused to endorse a presi­ electric cattle prods. rubber hoses and dential candidate for the 1976 elections, machine guns under their business suits Charles Brover, co-chairman of the and respectable epaulettes. Time for Partisan Defense Committee, con­ no doubt waiting to see if Ford's effective pressure may be running ou!." cluded the press conference with a outlook would improve. statement of determination to push on Revolutionaries are unequivocally 1ST president Frank Fitzsimmons. Labor and Left Support and achieve success in saving the life of opposed to government investigations Munoz and focusing world attention on into union affairs, whether carried out bershi p election of the president, right to "It the tragedy unfolding in Argentina: The PDC spokesman noted that, under the guise of eliminating corrup­ recall all union officers, election of all is often not easy to gather support for a "This is a skirmish in the larger battle for tion or whatever. The roots of corrup­ business agents and the right to sepa­ man who has spent all his life organizing coverage of this case and that of tion lie in the collaboration of union rately ratify local contract supplements. miners in northern Chile, an impover­ Argentine refugees in general," he said. leaders with the bourgeoisie and cannot However, its actual intervention was ished district." But this has also led to "There's an obvious conspiracy not to be eliminated by the capitalist state, the confined to limiting the salaries of union important international labor support cover what's happening in Argenti­ executive committee of the ruling class. officials. Camarata put forward a for Munoz precisely because he is a na .... That's the reason we were refused The Teamsters union is no exception. proposal to limit the president's income workers leader. In the U.S., the United entrance by the ambassador, because he The Fitzsimmons clique consolidated its to a mere $1 OO,OOO! Despite the patheti­ Auto Workers (UA W) assistant director knows that if we can get in to make our grip thanks to the Kennedy crusade cally timid nature of this ("anti­ of international affairs informed the points, we have more chance to get our against Jimmy Hoffa, who in turn had bureaucratic"?!) resolution, it was Committee that "our union has taken case known, to expose the plight of the gained power in the late 1950's after the roundly defeated by the assembled his case as part of a general protest to the refugees, and that means the more they McClellan committee prosecution of bureaucrats, most of whom owe their Argentine authorities," and last week will stand exposed .... This battle is by former president Dave Beck. Govern­ livelihood to Fitzsimmons or one of his U A W president Leonard Woodcock no means over.". ment investigations do not lead to cohorts. cleaning up the unions but only to PROD and TDU are equally incap­ greater government limitations over able of counterposing a class-struggle them; the notorious Taft-Hartley law, program to the class collaboration of for instance, was motivated by fighting the Fitzsimmons bureaucracy. It is not corruption and communism alike. accidental that at the convention they Despite all the fanfare created by ignored fundamental issues like raiding PROD's lengthy published expose of the Farm Workers, the need for a W'IIIlEIiS workers party, the fight for a shorter Teamster corruption, the group~ workweek with no cut in pay, or even largely a creature of lawyer Arthur the current Teamster strikes of ware­ Fox~was essentially excluded from the housemen in northern California and of convention because it had no base employees of Associated Trucking, ".I'AIII)Name ______among the rank and file. PROD was concentrating instead on "union re­ eventually given a token 60 seconds to form" issues. Despite all their chatter present its case at the convention. Address ______~ ______about "reforming" the union, the However, the union proceedings were strategy of both groups is based on City/State/Zip 115 essentially irrelevant to PROD. Fox had predicted beforehand that his bringing the bosses' courts into the labor movement, which is the very antithesis amendments would be turned down, includes SPARTACIST and then he would go to the courts and of workers democracy. With their fundamental lack of confidence in the D Enclosed is $5 for 48 issues (1 year) federal agencies to decide the issues (New York Times, 28 May). rank and file, these snivelling reformists D Enclosed is $2 for 16 issues (4 months)~INTRODUCTORY sub are reduced to being cheerleaders for a order from/pay to: Spartacist Publishing CO.!BOlf 1377 GPOINY, NY 10001 Teamsters for a Democratic Union government investigation of the (whose favorite attorney is none other union .• 10 WORKERS VANGUARD Another resolution ordered police to line at Golden Grain a few days earlier. release arrested picketers on their own I t was Lindsay who demanded that ILWU Militants ... recongizance or issue citations, instead supervisors and office workers be let Rubber (continued from page 12) of imposing high-bail charges. But even through that line! He even arranged a this bit of make-up was exposed by a deal with the company to give official down docks and truck lines if necessary clause calling simply for a written union sanction to this, while Gow to defend the strike. explanation in the (likely) event that the vigorously opposed such a sellout Strikers cops decline to let arrested strikers go! A policy! This is the "provocative" behav­ Boycott of Struck Products third resolution called for an anti­ ior charged by Lindsay and Proctor. Voted by Longshoremen scabbing ordinance to be brought in by Thus the numerous supporters of The basis for solidarity actions is the city manager, "for study." Communist Party views in the Local 6 March leadership are not satisfied with letting already clearly present among the ranks. Naturally the Communist Party Sacramento IL WU warehouse Local 17 hailed this liberal bunk as a "victory," scabs through the lines and raising joined the strike last week, after having continuing to parade illusions in the illusions in the very bourgeois politi­ in Akron been bureaucratically separated from proposed anti-scabbing ordinance. But cians who are sending their cops to Local 6 in the negotiations, with militant workers can afford no such break the strike. I n addition they feel Sacramento longshore Local 18 honor­ illusions. The San Francisco anti­ obliged to attack the best strike AKRON -An estimated 2.000 mem­ ing Local I Ts picket lines. More scabbing ordinance did not help the city militants-victims of the police-within hers and supporters of the striking significant was the approval given by the workers one whit in their recent strike the union! Little wonder, since the United Rubber Workers (URW) union membership of San Francisco long­ (in which there was massive picket-line victory of a class-struggle program in marched and rallied here in the indus­ shore Local 10 to a motion coming from crossing), nor did "friend of labor" the union will mean the rapid demise of these bureaucratic Stalinist hacks! try's center June I~. This demonstration the executive board, initiated by"Long­ Moscone use it in the strike at Clinical of continued support for the nine-week­ shore Militant" supporter Stan Gow, Specialties. Longshoremen are rapidly approach­ old strike is a tribute to the militancy of calling for "hot-cargo" boycotts of Furthermore, the avowed policy of ing their own crisis and must decide to the rank and file in the face of the struck products by longshoremen and I L WU Local 6 leaders, supported in the take action for defense. The employers absence of strike benefits. the hard-line support for warehouse picket lines. This pages of the People's World and upheld plan massive layoff-deregistrations of full union members following July I. In stance of the Big Four rubber compa­ approval still awaits action by Local 6 on the picket lines by "militants" like addition, a jurisdictional battle looms nies and the treachery of the U R W and Local 10 leaders before it can be Joe Lindsay, is to let "supervisors," leadership. implemented, however. "office workers" and members of other over the handling of cargo from "roll on, The strategy of U R W president Peter But while the employers have gone on unions through the picket lines! With roll off' (RORO) ships (carrying truck Bommarito has proven totally ineffec­ the rampage, class struggle is the such policies by union leaders and CP trailers ready to be driven off the ship). At the end of May, longshoremen tive. Scabbing continues within a few furthest thing from the minds of the hacks, employers have little to fear from briefly blocks of the International's head4uar­ Teamster and IL WU leaders. Instead of a liberal "anti-scabbing" ordinance. shut down work, claiming their ters. as Bommarito refuses to initiate tapping the power of labor through Separate deals with independent contractual right to handle this cargo, mass picketing at struck plants. solidarity actions, IL WU bureaucrats houses continue to undermine the and the employers retaliated (as they are entitled to do under the rotten terms of The strike should have prO\ ided a seek out Democratic "friends of labor" strike. Pabco Fiberboard workers have springboard to organized non-union such as S.F. mayor George Moscone been ordered back to work this week by Bridges' last contract) by lifting the Pay Guarantee for the entire port. The issue rubber plants. Instead. large numbers of and push even harder the illusion that Local 6 leaders on the basis of a separate was temporarily shelved, but will come U R W members at General Tire. Kelly­ the state and its cops can somehow be rotten proposal the leadership is push­ up again later this Springfield. Dunlop and Mohawk "won over" to the side of the workers. A ing despite lack of membership ap­ month. The brutal police attacks on strike continue to work on a day-to-day basis Local 6 bulletin following the attack at proval of the terms. In Pabco's case, pickets, the reappearance of live-in scab without a contract. In all. 40 percent of Automatic Plastic Molding referred to workers are being sent back with no forces, the coordinated employer-police the nation's tire-making capacity re­ "your local cops" as having arrested the protection against layoffs despite the offensive against mains in operation. strikers! employer's announced intention to the warehouse strike are simply an escalation to normal levels Auto makers. who built up large That such class-collaborationist ploys move to Denver soon! The negotiators of anti-union viciousness by capitalists. inventories before the strike. are confi­ will come to no avail was demonstrated dropped the workers' original demands The signal that such an attack was dent of continued tire supplies through by the results of a union delegation to for one year's Supplementary Unem­ coming was provided by the disastrous model changeover in the late summer. the Berkeley city council. Following the ployment Benefits or a one-year Boron strike in Southern California at and Bommarito has refused to call on Automatic Plastic arrests by Berkeley guarantee against layoffs; instead, they the end of 1974, in which violent auto workers to launch a sympathy police, IL WU members led by Local 6 agreed to one week's severance pay for strike. Tires continue to be shipped to president McClain marched t~e same each year at work! company scab-herding and refusal to dealers as Bommarito's consumer boy­ day to a Berkeley city council meeting to The Militant Caucus, a class-struggle extend the strike or "hot-cargo" the cott has proven impotent in cutting off protest. However, Local 6 business opposition in Local 6, has pointed the struck borax on Los Angeles docks by supplies. Dealers even continue to agent Evelyn Johnson couched the way toward countering the employer Harry Bridges & Co. led to the destruc­ advertise tire sales. "protest" in the form of a demand that offensive: tion of an isolated IL WU local. One union official asserted that this the city council "take their responsibility "T 0 centralize and coordinate the strike Supporters of the Militant Caucus in hand." The union spokesman called the membership must organize a joint drew the lessons of this ominous was the first mass labor march in Akron ILWU-IBT strike committee with since the 1930's. However. in the face of the police attack "a shame." The warning at the time, and a similar union­ delegates elected from every house. busting attack was halted at a Local 6 the U R W leadership's sellout policies delegation failed even to demand that Members of the strike committee must shop, KNC Glass in Oakland, through such a comparison with the 1930's, when the charges against the arrested picket­ be recallable at any time if they Jail to militant tactics like the sit-in were ers be dropped! carry out membership decisions. The militant strike support and "hot­ strike committee must estabTisn effec­ cargoing." Now the entire labor move­ initiated. is deliberate cynicism. Rubber Supporters of reformist Communist tive mass flying squads to defend the ment in Bay Area warehouses faces the workers are more than willing to fight. Party views of course quickly joined in union against police attacks and smash threat of Boron, while longshoremen When Bommarito mentioned the possi­ the grovelling before the city council. injunctions .... The joint strength of the bility of occupying factories. the crowd People's World reporter and Berkeley ILWU and IBT up and down the Coast, continue to be weakened by job losses. in warehouse, on the docks and on the applauded thunderously and cries were City Human Relations Commission Only a militant, class-struggle policy member Mark Allen demanded a strong road can smash the employer and program can turn defeat into heard urging a march on General Tire offensive. " victory. _ (whose plant in Akron continues to statement "outlawing scabbing." Not to -"Warehouse Militant," 18 June work without a contract). be outdone. Local 6 chief steward and Local to membership approval of the Bommarito hoasted to ~Vurkers board of trustees member Joe Lindsay "hot-cargoing" motion brings solidarity Vanguard. "I could stir it up." He complained that the brutal force used by closer, but detailed motions for imple­ 4uickly added. howcwr, that he the police had been "excessive," and menting this policy made by "Long­ YOUNG; \\ouldn't do so for fear of playing into indignantly noted that he had voted for shore Militant" supporters were ta'oled the hand, of "communistic clemen!',." some of the pr~,sen,t city council mem­ to the executive board. Cooperation for and made reference to the disruption of bers in previous elections! On the right this militant policy is needed from the SPARTACU'S Huhert Humphrey', speech by angry side of the class line. however. was an Local 6 leadership to identify struck Current Issue Includes: \\orkcrs at the AI-L-CIO jobs rally in I L W U striker and supporter of the cargo, for instance, and extracting this • Zionist Atrocities Provoke West April 1\)75. :vi i1itant Caucus in Local 6, who cooperation is now left up to the Local Bank Upheaval rhe com cnt ional anti-communism of denounced the scabbing as "an attack 10 leadership-not a very good prospect • Student Strikes Sweep France thc Amcrican labor hureaucrac\, will on the union," and, without raising any for success. The Local 6 leadership • Why We Do Not Recognize "Free not shield it from heing justly de~pised illusions in the councilor its cops, failed to send a delegation to the Speech For Fascists" hy the working class for its class demanded that the council "get your longshoremen's meeting. The Local 10 • NSCAR Abandons "Mass collahoration with thc bourgeoisie and police away from us!" Actions" in Boston members, however, were also prepared • CUNY Administration Slams It its political agents like Humphrey. is to boycott all goods from South Africa Gates on 300,000 Students, Staff prccisely such pro-capitalist "leaders" as Berkeley City Council Presents Liberal Facade in protest of the recent Soweto massa­ And More! Meany. Wo06cock and Bommarito, cres and passed another motion put who are the principal obstacles to Presenting a facade of forward by "Longshore Militant" to victory in labor struggles such as the embarrassment- as if the actions of its that effect. SUBSCRIBE NOW! present drawn-out rubber strike._ police were previously unknown to it­ $2/11 issues the council daubed on some cosmetic Stalinist Hacks Sabotage Strike formulas to try to cover the gaping holes Name ______in its liberal image. One was an Meanwhile, as the 1eadership stalls on Address ______Blow-Up in the emergency ordinance stating thai pick­ solidarity, outrageous charges have Near East ets "shall have the right to prevent access been brought against Stan Gow by Joe City ______to a plant unless a company gets an Lindsay of Local 6 and his co-thinker in injunction stating otherwise"! As if the Local 10, Bill Proctor. According to re­ , State/Zip ______~_;_;; Speaker: Joseph Drummond 115 loophole in this measure wasn't massive cent issues of "Longshore Militant" and Time: Fri. June 25, 7:30 pm Make payable/mail to: Buchanan YMCA enough-employers can always obtain "Warehouse Militant," Gow, who was Spartacus Youth Publishing Co. Geary, Buchanan Sts. such injunctions-~the city manager subsequently arrested for defending the Box 825, Canal Street P.O. noted under 4uestioning that it was picket line at Automatic Plastic Mold­ New York, New York 10013 SAN FRANCISCO meaningless anyway since state law ing. was charged with "inciteful" and prevents precisely this right! "provocative" behavior .on the picket

25 JUNE 1976 11 WfJ/iIlE/iS ".,,,,/i,

55 Arrested in Cop- Ramoog@. ~~,~"N~' ,~~" Drop Charges Against ILWU Strikersl

OAKLAND, June 21~Bay Area em­ line of 75 to 100 at Automatic Plastic WV Photo ployers have mobilized for war on the Molding virtually without warning. The Golden Grain plant manager crashing through ILWU picket line at 20 mph in unions, and over 10,000 northern pickets were attempting to stop a special his Cadillac, almost running down a striker. California warehouse strikers of the scab force from leaving the plant at shift International Longshoremen's and change. Members of other unions, from Teamster Local 853, including previously employed, now protected by Warehousemen's Union (ILWU) and including IL WU longshore Local 10 some from IL WU Local 6, in order to private security guards, and is insisting the International Brotherhood of Team­ and Teamster Local 853, had responded protect scab trucks from Di Salvo Truck on the firing of 12 pro-union employees sters (I BT) are the current main target. to a Local 6 mobilization for the Lines entering Northern California as a condition of settlement. Other Over 50 strikers have been arrested thus occasion. They were met by police billy Warehouse. Several pickets sat down, companies are laying plans for a long far in massive, brutal police assaults on clubs and II strikers (we erroneously and five IBT members were arrested, siege~at Ashland Chemical in Oak­ picket lines. Those arrested include reported 12) were arrested, some of including the secretary-treasurer and a land, the company has reportedly I L W U warehouse Local 6 president them charged with felony assault on a business agent. The Bay Area labor brought in cots, food and washing Curtis McClain and Teamsters Local police officer as well as resisting arrest movement must mobilize at once to machines for the scabs. 853 secretary-treasurer AI Costa. In one and failure to disperse. Local 10 demand the dropping of all charges Such union-busting tactics, which are incident, cops mobilized from every executive board member Stan Gow was against warehouse strikers. Keep the spreading among northern California Peninsula city as well as the State charged with assault on an officer for his cops away from the picket lines! warehouse employers, are bound to Highway Patrol to drag away ILWU actions in defense of the picket line. The - It is clear that the union must continue unless the warehouse, long­ pickets from the driveway of the trumped-up charges with high bail mobilize for mass defense of the picket shore and Teamster locals pull together Folger's Coffee Company warehouse in required the union to post thousands of lines against cops and scabs. Since last not merely to defend the picket lines, but South San Francisco. Twenty-eight dollars to release the strikers. week's arrests at Automatic Plastic to strike back through a militant labor were arrested. Also last week 40 state Highway Molding, the company did a face-lifting boycott of all struck products, shutting Last week as WV was going to press, Patrol and local police in Hayward by firing all scabs hired since the strike continued on page J J Berkeley cops attacked an ILWU picket smashed through a line of 50 pickets began. However, it is retaining scabs Red-Baiting Fever at Teamster Convention JUNE 20- The recently concluded Iy rebaptized Teamsters for a Decent elected as vice president, has been jailed positions is a common way to inflate Teamstet;.s (lBT) convention in Las Contract: "For those who say it is time twice for obstruction of justice and salaries of Teamster bureaucrats. Vegas was an orgy of self-acclaim by the we reform this union, who say it is time contempt of Congress and pleaded Despite earlier speCUlation of rifts incumbent regime of arrogant, venal for the officers to stop selling out the guilty in 1971 to accepting money from within the bureaucracy, opposition to "I've got mine Jack" pro-capitalist labor members, I say to them~go to hell." employers. Other incumbents returned Fitzsimmons at the convention was fakers. IBT president Fitzsimmons, Fitzsimmons later went on to blast to office were Salvatore Provenzano virtually nil. Although a hypocritical along with the rest of the union's PROD as "communistic." (brother of Anthony, James Hoffa's motion expressing "deepest sorrow and International officers, was re-elected to jailmate who is being questioned in regret" over the disappearance of Hoffa another five-year term of office. The­ The most immediate issue connection with theex-president's was passed, his name was virtually confronting Fitzsimmons & Co. was the convention also pushed through a 25 disappearance), indicted in 1972 on taboo and his popularity within the percent salary increase for over 60 top current government investigations into charges of conspiracy to counterfeit bureaucracy has clearly eroded. Symp­ union officers, to be financed by a the union. Fitzsimmons and other IBT currency and food and postage stamps; tomatic of this was the case of Harold membership dues increase. Fitzsim­ officials have been subpoenaed by a and Roy Williams, IBT vice president Gibbons, executive assistant to Hoffa mons, who also has an unlimited joint investigative force of the Labor and head of the Central States Confer­ when the latter was president. Gibbons expense account and the use of a union­ and Justice Departments, which is ence, who is awaiting trial on charges of has long been considered a liberal owned Lear jet, had his annual remuner­ looking into alleged financial abuses in making false entries on reports filed intellectual and was one of the labor ation increased from $125,000 to the union's Central States pension fund. with the government. bureaucrats most sought after by $156,250. Even before this modest The bosses and their state are, of According to information provided reformist opponents of the Vietnam war "raise," Fitzsimmons was the world's course, supremely uninterested in fight­ by lawyer Arthur Fox, all of the above to address antiwar rallies. highest paid trade-union president. ing union corruption~on the contrary, were paid over $80,000 for their services When Fitzsimmons came to power, Only a handful of those present were they avidly attempt to buy off labor by the Teamsters in 1974. The record, Gibbons' star began to wane and he was willing to oppose the IBT chief, who leaders with various "plums," financial however, apparently belongs to Jackie removed as head of the Central States received several thunderous ovations and otherwise~or returning control of Presser, William's son, who in that year Conference. His re-election this week as from the delegates, most of whom are the unions to the membership. But the garnered $176,571 as an IBT Interna­ an IBT vice president therefore came as themselves high-paid union officers. roster of Teamster bigwigs who ran the tional organizer, recording secretary of a surprise to many. However, Gibbons Fitzsimmons early set the virulently red­ convention was hardly designed to the Ohio Joint Conference, vice presi­ has apparently made his peace with the baiting tone of the convention when he inspire working-class opposition to dent of Joint Council 41 and secretary­ reactionary Fitzsimmons gang. His blasted his detractors~chiefly Arthur government meddling in union affairs. treasurer of Local507~and who is also current assignment is as head of the Fox's one-man "professional drivers" In fact, it read like a rogue's gallery of on the payroll of the bakers and Teamsters' negotiations with Cesar organization PROD and Teamsters for labor racketeers. bartenders unions (Detroit Free Press, Chavez over agricultural labor. (For the a Democratic Union (TDU), the recent- William Presser of Cleveland, re- 15 June). Payment for several union continued on page 10 12 25 JUNE 1976