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Gustav Struve Friedrich Hecker GUSTAV STRUVE 1805 – 1870 & FRIEDRICH HECKER 1811 – 1881 Die beiden Mannheimer Advokaten und Prokuratoren werden vor allem wegen ihrer Rolle in der badischen Revolution 1848 oft gemeinsam genannt. Der in Mün- chen geborene Diplomatensohn Struve und der aus Eichtersheim im Kraichgau stammende Hecker waren seit 1838 Berufskollegen und alsbald politische Weg- gefährten; eine enge Freundschaft verband sie gleich- wohl nicht. Gustav von Struve, der in Göttingen und Heidelberg Rechtswissenschaft studiert hatte, wurde der Famili- entradition folgend zunächst Attaché der oldenbur- gischen Bundestagsgesandtschaft in Frankfurt. Nach Stationen im Justizdienst ließ er sich 1833 in Mann- heim nieder und erlangte 1836 die Zulassung als Ober- gerichts-Advocat. Zugleich war er publizistisch tätig und kam als Redakteur des Mannheimer Journals wie- derholt mit der Zensur in Konfl ikt. Auch Friedrich He- cker, der in Heidelberg und München studiert und 1834 mit Bestnote promoviert hatte, wurde 1842 Mannhei- mer Gemeinderat und Abgeordneter der Zweiten badi- Gustav Struve (oben) schen Kammer. Als Rednertalent der liberalen Opposi- und Friedrich Hecker tion wurde er über die Landesgrenzen hinaus bekannt. (links), MARCHIVUM Schon auf der Offenburger Versammlung 1847 trat er für die Errichtung einer Republik ein. In der Revolution 1848 standen Hecker und Struve auf Auswanderer, das mit Franz Sigel ein früherer Teilneh- seiten der radikaldemokratischen Minderheit, die sich mer am „Heckerzug“ befehligte. im Frankfurter Vorparlament nicht durchsetzen konn- te. So setzten sie auf eine Mobilisierung der Volksmas- Gustav Struve war im September 1848 verhaftet wor- sen und zogen im sogenannten „Heckerzug“ mit etwa den, nachdem er mit etwa 4.000 Freischärlern bei Stau- 800 Freischärlern vom Seekreis Richtung Karls ruhe, fen geschlagen worden war. Er wurde im Freiburger bis sie von Bundestruppen bei Kandern geschlagen Schwurgerichtsprozess zu acht Jahren Zuchthaus ver- wurden. Während Struve nach kurzer Flucht noch ein- urteilt, kam in der Mairevolution 1849 jedoch frei. Nach mal kämpfend in das Revolutionsgeschehen eingriff dem Scheitern der badischen Revolution ging Struve und in Lörrach die Republik ausrief, hielt Hecker die zunächst in die Schweiz, 1851 schließlich in die Verei- Revolution bereits im April 1848 für gescheitert und nigten Staaten. Wie Hecker und andere „Fortyeighter“ ging über Le Havre ins amerikanische Exil. Er wurde trat auch Struve gegen Sklaverei auf und reihte sich im dort Farmer, betrieb Weinbau, ging aber auch wieder Bürgerkrieg unter die Freiwilligen der Union, im Un- in die Politik. Wie sein Berufskollege Lorenz Brentano terschied zu seinem politischen Weggefährten kehrte engagierte er sich gegen die Sklaverei und wurde Un- Struve nach einer Amnestie nach Deutschland zurück. terstützer Abraham Lincolns. Im Sezessionskrieg 1861 Er starb 1870 in Wien, Friedrich Hecker 1881 auf sei- bis 1865 warb er Freiwillige für ein Regiment deutscher ner Farm in Summerfi eld im Bundesstaat Illinois. Text: Katharina Ganz, Angela Borgstedt 2018.
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