KARL MARX FREDERICK ENGELS Collected Vforks
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KARL MARX FREDERICK ENGELS Collected Vforks Vt)hrmel7 Marx and Engels 1859 -1860 V Contents Preface XI KARL MARX AND FREDERICK ENGELS WORKS October 1859-December 1860 K. Marx. Letter to the Editor of the Allgemeine Zeitung 3 K. Marx. Statement to the Editors of Die Reform, the Volks-Zeitung and the Allgemeine Zeitung 4 K. Marx. Declaration 8 K. Marx. Prosecution of the Augsburg Gazette 10 K. Marx. To the Editors of the Volks-Zeitung. Declaration 12 K. Marx. To the Editor of the Daily Telegraph 14 K. Marx. To the Editors of the Augsburg Allgemeine Zeitung 16 K. Marx. To the Editors of Die Reform 18 K. Marx. Declaration 19 K. Marx. Herr Vogt 21 Preface 25 I. The Brimstone Gang 28 II. The Bristlers 38 III. Police Matters 48 1. Confession 48 2. The Revolutionary Congress in Murten 50 VI Contents 3. Cherval 55 4. The Communist Trial in Cologne 64 5. Joint Festival of the German Workers' Educational Associa- tions in Lausanne (June 26 and 27, 1859) 68 6. Miscellany 72 IV. Techow's Letter 75 V. Imperial Regent and Count Palatine 100 VI. Vogt and the Neue Rheinische Zeitung 102 VII. The Augsburg Campaign Ill VIII. Dâ-Dâ Vogt and His Studies 133 IX. Agency 184 X. Patrons and Accomplices 214 XL A Lawsuit 259 XII. Appendices 296 1. Schily's Expulsion from Switzerland 296 2. The Revolutionary Congress in Murten 303 3. Cherval 304 4. The Communist Trial in Cologne 305 5. Slanders 312 6. The War between Frogs and Mice 313 7. Palmerston-Polemic 315 8. Statement by Herr A. Scherzer .....<, 316 9. Blind's Article in The Free Press of May 27, 1859 317 10. Herr Orges' Letters 317 11. Circular against K. Blind 318 12. Vögele's Affidavit 319 13. Wiehe's Affidavit 319 14. From the Trial Papers 320 15. Dentu Pamphlets 324 16. Postscript 327 a) K. Vogt and La Cimentaire 327 b) Kossuth 327 c) Edmond About's La Prusse en 1860 328 K. Marx. Affairs in France 330 K. Marx. English Politics 335 K. Marx. The New Treaty between France and England 341 F. Engels. Military Reform in Germany 345 K. Marx. The English Budget 350 F. Engels. On Rifled Cannon 354 1 354 II 357 III 361 IV 364 Contents VII K. Marx. Public Feeling in Berlin 367 K. Marx. Sicily and the Sicilians 370 K. Marx. Preparations for Napoleon's Coming War on the Rhine .... 373 1 373 II 376 K. Marx. Garibaldi in Sicily.— Affairs in Prussia 381 F. Engels. Garibaldi in Sicily 386 K. Marx. The Emperor Napoleon III and Prussia 391 K. Marx. Interesting from Prussia 397 F. Engels. The British Volunteer Force 403 K. Marx. British Commerce 406 K. Marx. The State of British Manufacturing Industry 410 1 410 II 416 K. Marx. Interesting from Sicily.— Garibaldi's Quarrel with La Farina.— A Letter from Garibaldi 421 F. Engels. British Defenses 425 K. Marx. Events in Syria.— Session of the British Parliament.—The State of British Commerce 429 F. Engels. Could the French Sack London? 434 K. Marx. The Russo-French Alliance 439 K. Marx. The Paper Tax.—The Emperor's Letter 444 F. Engels. Garibaldi's Movements 449 K. Marx. The New Sardinian Loan.—The Impending French and Indian Loans 453 F. Engels. The Sick Man of Austria 457 K. Marx. The Crops in Europe 461 K. Marx. Corn Prices.— European Finances and War Prepara- tions.—The Oriental Question 465 F. Engels. Garibaldi's Progress 471 F. Engels. Garibaldi in Calabria 476 K. Marx. British Commerce 479 K. Marx. Russia Using Austria.—The Meeting at Warsaw 484 VIII Contents K. Marx. Affairs in Prussia.— Prussia, France and Italy 488 F. Engels. Preparations for War in Prussia 493 K. Marx. Great Britain—A Money Stringency 497 F. Engels. Austria—Progress of the Revolution 499 FROM THE PREPARATORY MATERIALS K. Marx. Extracts from Imre Szabo's Work The State Policy of Modern Europe, from the Beginning of the Sixteenth Century to the Present Time. In Two Volumes, London, 1857 505 NOTES AND INDEXES Notes 531 Name Index 593 Index of Quoted and Mentioned Literature 638 Index of Periodicals 663 Subject Index 671 ILLUSTRATIONS Title-page of the first edition of Herr Vogt by Karl Marx 23 Garibaldi's Expedition to Southern Italy (1860), Garibaldi's Advance in Sicily and His Landing on the Calabrian Coast (May-August 1860) (map) 470-471 First page of Marx's manuscript with extracts from Imre Szabo's work The State Policy of Modern Europe, from the Beginning of the Sixteenth Century to the Present Time 507 Translated by RODNEY LIVINGSTONE XI Preface Volume 17 of the Collected Works of Marx and Engels comprises works written between October 1859 and December 1860. The first half of the volume is devoted to Marx's long polemic Herr Vogt and the letters and statements connected with the so-called Vogt Case that he sent to the editors of various newspapers. The second half consists of articles written by Marx and Engels for the American progressive newspaper New-York Daily Tribune between January and December 1860. All these works are linked in subject-matter with those published in volumes 16, 18 and 19 of the present edition. As Marx and Engels had foreseen, the first world economic crisis of 1857-58 was followed by a fresh upswing of the democratic, proletarian and national liberation movements. An ever widening struggle was being waged over the tasks the bourgeois revolutions of 1848-49 had left unsolved, one of which was the now urgent necessity for the unification of Germany, and also of Italy. In this period the international situation, as the Italian war of 1859 (France and Piedmont against Austria) had shown, was charged with the danger of armed conflict. In the complex conditions of the time the activity of the masses, particularly that of the proletariat, grew rapidly, and Marx and Engels devoted themselves to preparing the working class for the forthcoming battles. Besides elaborating revolutionary theory and crucial questions of the tactics of proletarian struggle, they concentrated more and more of their practical activity on rallying the revolutionary forces and setting up an independent political party of the working class. Their task now was not only to preserve the cadres of experienced proletarian revolutionaries, but also to XII Preface establish closer ties with the broad masses, to give the movement its own newspaper (the attempts to turn the London German émigré paper Das Volk into such an organ are described in Volume 16) and to win more supporters. Increasingly Marx and Engels devoted their journalistic writings on home and foreign policy to substantiating the position of the emerging party of the proletariat. Defending its political and moral authority, Marx vigorously rebuffed the ideological enemies of the working class, who were trying to slander and discredit the active members of the Communist League. A rebuttal of these slanderous fabrications was particularly necessary at this crucial moment in the development of the working-class movement, when the proletarians of many countries had begun to awaken to political activity and showed a tendency to set up their own political organisations and establish international connections, when new forces were entering the working-class movement and there was thus a real opportunity for creating a mass proletarian party. Its nucleus was to be, as Marx and Engels envisa- ged, a united and well-tested group of proletarian revolutio- naries. "The moment is approaching," Marx wrote to Lassalle in September 1860, "when our 'small' and yet, in a certain sense, powerful party' (insofar as the other parties do not know what they want or do not want what they know) must draft a plan of its campaign" (see present edition, Vol. 41). Marx's long polemical work—Herr Vogt—reflects the struggle waged by Marx and Engels against attempts by the ideologists and agents of the bourgeoisie to denigrate the proletarian party. Their exposure had become an important task and in the circumstances of the time was not only a means of self-defence, but also a form of active upholding and propagation of communist principles. In his letter to Freiligrath of February 29, 1860 Marx wrote that he and his associates were being attacked with utter ruthlessness by the bourgeois circles of many countries, by the whole official world "who in order to ruin us are not just occasionally infringing the penal code but have ranged widely over its length and breadth..." (see present edition, Vol. 41). One of the spokesmen of this "official world" was the German scientist and politician Karl Vogt, who had formerly sided with the petty-bourgeois democrats. In December 1859 Vogt published a pamphlet entitled Mein Prozess gegen die Allgemeine Zeitung, which was full of slanderous statements about Marx and his associates. In this pamphlet Vogt deliberately falsified facts and invented charges against Marx and his associates, distorting the true picture Preface XIII of the activities of the Communist League. Armed with police forgeries used in the Cologne communist trial in 1852, Vogt even went so far as to accuse Marx and his associates of mercenary, if not criminal aims. In principle there was nothing new in these insinuations. They were merely a rehash of the fabricated charges brought against members of the Communist League by Prussian police agents. The same lies had often been used by groups of petty-bourgeois emigres hostile to the pro- letarian revolutionaries. "...At all times and in all places," Marx wrote, "the sycophants of the ruling class have always resorted to these despicable slanders to denigrate the literary and political champions of the oppressed classes" (see this volume, p.