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This publication was prepared by the NASA Center for AeroSpace Information, 800 Elkridge Landing Road, Linthicum Heights, MD 21090-2934, (301) 621-0390. INTRODUCTION

This bibliography has been prepared by the NASA Scientific and Technical Informa- tion (STI) Program.

USING THE BIBLIOGRAPHY

The first portion of this bibliography contains citations (with abstracts, when available) to unclassified literature contained in the NASA STI Database. These citations also appeared in issues of the abstract journal Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports (STAR), or in other announcement products offered by the NASA STI Program. The citations appear in ascending accession number order.

A second section provides several indexes to the citations. They are subject term, personal author, report number, and accession number.

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iii " _.. _,_"_ _ _i _ -_ i _ __ i__, b ¸ ,_i_ .... i ¸¸ _ _ TABLE OF CONTENTS _i__i;'i_ AERONAUTICS For related information see also Astronautics.

'4 S "; ' 01 AERONAUTICS (GENERAL) ...... N.A.

02 AERODYNAMICS ...... N.A. Includes aerodynamics of bodies, combinations, wings, rotors, and control surfaces; and internal flow in ducts and turbomachinery. For related information see also 34 Fluid Mechanics and Heat Transfer.

03 AIRTRANSPORTATION AND SAFETY ...... N.A. Includes passenger and cargo air transport operations; and aircraft accidents. For related information see also 16 Space Transportation and 85 Urban Technology and Transportation.

_ i _ 04 AIRCRAFT COMMUNICATIONS AND NAVIGATION ...... N.A. Includes digital and voice communication with aircraft; air navigation systems (satellite and ground based); and air traffic control. For related information see also 17 Space Communications, Spacecraft Communica- tions, Command and Tracking and 32 Communications and Radar.

05 AIRCRAFT DESIGN,TESTING AND PERFORMANCE ...... N.A. Includes aircraft simulation technology. For related information see also 18 Spacecraft Design, Testing and Performance and 39 Structural Mechanics. For land transportation vehicles see 85 Urban Technology and Transportation.

06 AIRCRAFT INSTRUMENTATION ...... N.A. Includes cockpit and cabin display devices; and flight instruments. For related information see also 19 Spacecraft Instrumentation and 35 Instrumentation and Photography

07 AIRCRAFT PROPULSION AND POWER ...... N.A. Includes prime propulsion systems and systems components, e.g., gas turbine engines and compressors; and onboard auxiliary power plants for aircraft. For related information see also 20 Spacecraft Propulsion and Power, 28 Propellants and Fuels, and 44 Energy Production and Conversion.

08 AIRCRAFT STABILITY AND CONTROL ...... N.A. Includes aircraft handling qualities; piloting; flight controls; and autopilots. For related information see also 05 Aircraft Design, Testing and Performance.

09 RESEARCH AND SUPPORT FACILITIES (AIR) ...... N.A. Includes airports, hangars and runways; aircraft repair and overhaul facilities; wind tunnels; shock tubes; and aircraft engine test stands. For related informationsee also 14 Ground Support Systems and Facilities (Space).

ASTRONAUTICS For related information see also Aeronautics.

12 ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL) ...... 1 For extraterrestrial exploration see 91 Lunar and Planetary Exploration.

13 ASTRODYNAMICS ...... 1 Includes powered and free-flight trajectories; and orbital and launching dynamics.

14 GROUND SUPPORT SYSTEMS AND FACILITIES (SPACE) ...... 2 Includes launch complexes, research and production facilities; ground support equipment, e.g., mobile transporters; and simulators. For related information see also 09 Research and Support Facilities (Air). 15 LAUNCH VEHICLES AND SPACE VEHICLES ...... N.A. Includes boosters; operating problems of launch/space vehicle systems; and reusable vehicles. For related information see also 20 Spacecraft Propulsion and Power.

16 SPACE TRANSPORTATION ...... N.A. Includes passenger and cargospace transportation, e.g., shuttle operations; and space rescue techniques. For related information see also 03 Air Transportation and Safety and 18 Spacecraft Design, Testing and Performance. For space suits see 54 Man/System Technology and Life Support.

17 SPACE COMMUNICATIONS, SPACECRAFT COMMUNICATIONS, COMMAND ANDTRACKING....N.A. Includes telemetry; space communications networks; astronavigation and guidance; and radio blackout. For related information see also 04 Aircraft Communications and Navigation and 32 Communications and Radar.

N.A.--No abstracts were assigned to this category for this issue.

_,_,GE_,_ INTE_TIOI_LLY B]..AIIK PilEOlE)tft_ PAGE _LAr_)(. _E)T FILMEL) 18 SPACECRAFT DESIGN, TESTING AND PERFORMANCE ...... 2 Includes satellites; space platforms; space stations; spacecraft systems and components such as thermal and environmental controls; and attitude controls. For life support systems see 54 ManSystem Technology and Life Support. For related information see also 05 Aircraft Design, Testing and Performance, 39 Structural Mechanics, and 16 Space Transportation.

19 SPACECRAFT INSTRUMENTATION ...... N.A. For related information see also 06 Aircraft Instrumentation and 35 Instrumentation and Photography. 20 SPACECRAFT PROPULSION AND POWER ...... N.A. Includes main propulsion systems and components, e.g., rocket engines; and spacecraft auxiliary power sources. For related information see also 07 Aircraft Propulsion and Power, 28 Propellants and Fuels, 44 Energy Production and Conversion, and 15 Launch Vehicles and Space Vehicles. i __i!i CHEMISTRY AND MATERIALS

23 CHEMISTRY AND MATERIALS (GENERAL) ...... N.A.

24 COMPOSITE MATERIALS ...... N.A. Includes physical, chemical, and mechanical properties of laminates and other composite materials. For ceramic materials see 27 Nonmetallic Materials.

25 INORGANIC AND PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY ...... N.A. Includes chemical analysis, e.g., chromatography; combustion theory; electrochemistry; and photochemistry. For related information see also 77 Thermodynamics and Statistical Physics.

26 METALLIC MATERIALS ...... N.A. Includes physical, chemical, and mechanical properties of metals, e.g., corrosion; and metallurgy.

27 NONMETALLIC MATERIALS ...... N.A. Includes physical, chemical, and mechanical properties of plastics, elastomers, lubricants, polymers, textiles, adhesives, and ceramic materials. For composite materials see 24 Composite Materials.

28 PROPELLANTS AND FUELS ...... N.A. Includes rocket propellants, igniters and oxidizers; their storage and handling procedures; and aircraft fuels. For related information see also 07 Aircraft Propulsion and Power, 20 Spacecraft Propulsion and Power, and 44 Energy Production and Conversion.

29 MATERIALS PROCESSING ...... N.A. Includes space-based development of products and processes for commercial application. For biological materials see 55 Space Biology:

ENGINEERING For related information see also Physics.

31 ENGINEERING (GENERAL) ...... N.A. Includes vacuum technology; control engineering; display engineering; cryogenics; and fire prevention.

32 COMMUNICATIONS AND RADAR ...... 4 Includes radar;, land and global communications; communications theory; and optical communications. For related information see also 04 Aircraft Communications and Navigation and 17 Space Communications, Spacecraft Communications, Command and Tracking. For search and rescue see 03 Air Transportation and Safe_ and 16 Space Transportation.

33 ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING ...... N.A. Includes test equipment and maintainability; components, e.g., tunnel diodes and transistors; microminiaturi- zation; and integrated circuitry. For related information see also 60 Computer Operations and Hardware and 76 Solid-State Physics.

34 FLUID MECHANICS AND HEATTRANSFER ...... N.A. Includes boundary layers; hydrodynamics; fluidics; mass transfer and ablation cooling. For related information see also 02 Aerodynamics and 77 Thermodynamics and Statistical Physics.

35 INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY ...... 5 Includes remote sensors; measuring instruments and gauges; detectors; cameras and photographic supplies; and holography. For aerial photography see 43 Earth Resources and Remote Sensing. For related information see also 06 Aircraft Instrumentation and 19 Spacecraft Instrumentation.

36 LASERS AND MASERS ...... Includes parametric amplifiers. For related information see also"7"6Soiid'-State"P'h;s_cs. "...... N.A.

vi • i ¸ ,i ..... : . •

37 MECHANICAL ENGINEERING ...... N.A. Includes auxiliary systems (nonpower); machine elements and processes; and mechanical equipment.

38 QUALITY ASSURANCE AND RELIABILITY ...... N.A, Includes product sampling procedures and techniques; and quality control.

39 STRUCTURAL MECHANICS ...... N.A. Includes structural element design and weight analysis; fatigue; and thermal stress. For applications see 05 Aircraft Design, Testing and Performance and 18 Spacecraft Design, Testing and Performance.

GEOSCIENCES For related information see also Space Sciences.

42 GEOSCIENCES (GENERAL) ...... 5

43 EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING ...... 6 Includes remote sensing of earth resources by aircraft and spacecraft; photogrammetry; and aerial photography. For instrumentation see 35 Instrumentation and Photography. 44 ENERGY PRODUCTION AND CONVERSION ...... N.A. Includes specific energy conversion systems, e.g., fuel cells; global sources of energy; geophysical conversion; and windpower. For related information see also 07Aircraft Propulsion and Power, 20 Spacecraft Propulsion and Power, and 28 Propellants and Fuels.

45 ENVIRONMENT POLLUTION ...... 21 Includes atmospheric, noise, thermal, and water pollution.

46 GEOPHYSICS ...... 42 Includes aeronomy; upper and lower atmosphere studies; ionospheric and magnetospheric physics; and geomagnetism. For space radiation see 93 Space Radiation. 47 METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY ...... 43 Includes weather forecasting and modification. 48 OCEANOGRAPHY ...... 47 Includes biological, dynamic, and physical oceanography; and marine resources. For related information see also 43 Earth Resources and Remote Sensing.

LIFE SCIENCES

51 LIFE SCIENCES (GENERAL) ...... N.A. 52 AEROSPACE MEDICINE ...... N,A. Includes physiological factors; biological effects of radiation; and effects of weightlessness on man and animals.

53 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES ...... 48 Includes psychological factors; individual and group behavior; crew training and evaluation; and psychiatric research.

54 MAN/SYSTEM TECHNOLOGY AND LIFE SUPPORT ...... 49 Includes human engineering; biotechnology; and space suits and protective clothing. For related information see also 16 Space Transportation.

55 SPACE BIOLOGY...... N.A. Includes exobiology; planetary biology; and extraterrestrial life.

MATHEMATICAL AND COMPUTER SCIENCES

59 MATHEMATICAL AND COMPUTER SCIENCES (GENERAL) ...... N.A.

60 COMPUTER OPERATIONS AND HARDWARE ...... N.A. Includes hardware for computer graphics, firmware, and data processing. For components see 33 Electronics and Electrical Engineering. 61 COMPUTER PROGRAMMING AND SOFTWARE ...... 49 Includes computer programs, routines, algorithms, and specific applications, e.g., CAD/CAM.

62 COMPUTER SYSTEMS ...... N.A. Includes computer networks and special application computer systems.

vii 63 CYBERNETICS ...... N.A. Includes feedback and control theory, artificial intelligence, robotics and expert systems. For related information see also 54 ManSystem Technology and Life Support.

64 NUMERICAL ANALYSIS ...... N.A. Includes iteration, difference equations, and numerical approximation.

65 STATISTICS AND PROBABILITY ...... N.A. Includes data sampling and smoothing; Monte Carlo method; and stochastic processes.

66 SYSTEMS ANALYSIS ...... 50 Includes mathematical modeling; network analysis; and operations research.

67 THEORETICAL MATHEMATICS ...... N.A. Includes topology and number theory.

PHYSICS For related information see also Engineering.

70 PHYSICS(GENERAL) ...... N.A. For precision time and time interval (PTTi) see 35 Instrumentation and Photography;, for geophysics, astrophysics or solar physics see 46 Geophysics, 90 Astrophysics, or 92 Solar Physics.

13•_i!i; 71 ACOUSTICS ...... N.A. Includes sound generation, transmission, and attenuation. For noise pollution see 45 Environment Pollution.

72 ATOMIC AND MOLECULAR PHYSICS ...... N.A. Includes atomic structure, electron properties, and molecular spectra.

73 NUCLEAR AND HIGH-ENERGY PHYSICS ...... N.A. Includes elementary and nuclear particles; and reactor theory. For space radiation see 93 Space Radiation.

74 OPTICS ...... N.A. Includes light phenomena and optical devices. For lasers see 36 Lasers and Masers.

75 PLASMA PHYSICS ...... N.A. Includes magnetohydrodynamics and plasma fusion. For ionospheric plasmas see 46 Geophysics. For space plasmas see 90 Astrophysics.

76 SOLID-STATE PHYSICS ...... N.A. Includes superconductivity. For related information see also 33 Electronics and Electrical Engineering and 36 Lasers and Masers.

77 THERMODYNAMICS AND STATISTICAL PHYSICS ...... N.A. Includes quantum mechanics; theoretical physics; and Bose and Fermi statistics. For related information see also 25 Inorganic and Physical Chemistry and 34 Fluid Mechanics and Heat Transfer.

SOCIAL SCIENCES

80 SOCIAL SCIENCES (GENERAL) ...... N.A. includes educational matters.

81 ADMINISTRATION AND MANAGEMENT ...... N.A. Includes management planning and research.

82 DOCUMENTATION AND INFORMATION SCIENCE ...... 50 Includes information management; information storage and retrieval technology; technical writing; graphic arts; and micrography. For computer documentation see 61 Computer Programming and Software.

83 ECONOMICS AND COST ANALYSIS ...... N.A. Includes cost effectiveness studies.

84 LAW, POLITICAL SCIENCE AND SPACE POLICY ...... N.A. Includes NASA appropriation hearings; aviation law; space law and policy; international law; intemational cooperation; and patent policy.

85 URBAN TECHNOLOGY AND TRANSPORTATION ...... N.A. Includes applications of space technology to urban problems; technology transfer; technology assessment; and surface and mass transportation. For related information see 03 Air Transportation and Safety, 16 Space Transportation, and 44 Energy Production and Conversion.

viii SPACE SCIENCES For related information see also Geosciences.

88 SPACE SCIENCES (GENERAL) ...... N.A.

89 ASTRONOMY ...... N.A. Includes radio, gamma-ray, and infrared astronomy; and astrometry.

90 ASTROPHYSICS ...... 52 Includes cosmology; celestial mechanics; space plasmas; and interstellar and interplanetary gases and dust. For related information see also 75 Plasma Physics.

91 LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION ...... N.A. Includes planetology; and manned and unmanned flights. For spacecraft design or space stations see 18 Spacecraft Design, Testing and Performance.

_ii_i_ii 92 SOLAR PHYSICS ...... N.A. Includes solar activity, solar flares, solar radiation and sunspots. For related information see also 93 Space i! iii!i Radiation. 93 SPACE RADIATION ...... N.A. ._ _•_7•, • _ Includes cosmic radiation; and inner and outer earth's radiation belts. For biological effects of radiation see 52 Aerospace Medicine. For theory see 73 Nuclear and High-Energy Physics.

:_ , < GENERAL

Includes aeronautical, astronautical, and space science related histories, biographies, and pertinent reports ,•"_!_ i• •; too broad for categorization; histories or broad overviews of NASA programs.

99 GENERAL ...... N.A.

4 SUBJECT INDEX ...... A-1

PERSONAL AUTHOR INDEX ...... B-1 ? i _ REPORT NUMBER INDEX ...... C-1

ACCESSION NUMBER INDEX ...... D-1

APPENDIX ...... APP-1 TYPICAL REPORT CITATION AND ABSTRACT

NASA SPONSORED

• i_ _< ., J,_N MICROFICHE

ACCESSION NUMBER --> N82-21660"# Washington Univ., Saint Louis, MO. Center for <-- CORPORATE SOURCE Development Technology. TITLE --) PROGRAM ON STIMULATING OPERATIONAL PRIVATE SECTOR USE OF EARTH OBSERVATION SATELLITE INFORMATION Final Report, 1 Nov. 1979 - 15 Jan. 1981 AUTHORS ---> L. F. EASTWOOD, JR., J. FOSHAGE, G. GOMEZ, B. KIRKPATRICK, B. KONIG, and R. STEIN, Principal Investigators PUBLICATION DATE --) 15Jan. 1981 216p refs CONTRACT NUMBER --> (Contract NASW-3331) REPORT NUMBERS ---_ (E82-10131; NASA-CR-168515; NAS 1.26:168515) Avail: CASI <-- AVAILABILITY AND HC A10/MF A03 PRICE CODE Ideas for new businesses specializing in using remote sensing and computerized spatial data systems were developed. Each such business serves as an 'information middleman', buying raw satellite or aircraft imagery, processing these data, combining them in a computer system with customer-specific information, and marketing the resulting information products. Examples of the businesses the project designed are: (1) an agricultural facility site evaluation firm; (2) a mass media grocery price and supply analyst and forecaster; (3) a management service for privately held woodlots; (4) a broker- age for insulation and roofing contractors, based on infrared imagery; (5) an expanded real estate information service. In addition, more than twenty-five other commercially attractive ideas in agdbusiness, forestry, mining, real estate, urban planning and redevelopment, and consumer information were created. The commercial feasibility of the five business was assessed. This assessment included market surveys, revenue projections, cost analyses, and profitability studies. The results show that there are large and enthusiastic markets willing to pay for the services these businesses offer, and that the businesses could operate profitably. M.G. REMOTE SENSING /

GLOBAL CHANGE A Special Bibliography "i,i• ¸ i November 1994

i_i _

12 and environmental policy issues in Earth System Science. These issues have been identified through studies conducted by the ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL) Intergovemmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), and the Committee on Earth and Environmental Sciences (CEES). The restructured N85-26834# Joint Publications Research Service, Arlington, VA. EOS defers efforts to improve the understanding of the middle and CONTRIBUTION TO SPACE PROGRAM REVIEWED upper stratosphere and solid earth geophysics. The strategy of the D. MISHEV In its East Europe Rept.: Sci. and Technol. mission combines high priodty new measurements with continua- (JPRS-ESA-84-032) p 3-4 24 Aug. 1984 Transl. into ENGLISH tion of critical data sets begun by missions which precede EOS. from Zemedelsko Zname (Sofia), 10 Jul. 1984 p 3 Collaborative arrangements with international partners are an es- Avail: CASI HC A04/MF A01 sential part of the program and additional arrangements are posed. The Meteor-Priroda satellite was launched in order to The need for continuity in Earth observations and the urgency of solve a number of problems and tasks related to the remote environmental questions require launch of some EOS elements as sensing of the Earth from space. In order to make effective use soon as possible. They further require maintenance of the EOS of the data and images obtained methods and algorithms for objective of obtaining consistent 15-year measurement records. multivarious processing by specialized computer systems were Author developed. The first steps toward solving the problems of spectrum-structural analysis, spectrocalodmetdcal systems, and modeling the operation of an orbitrary system for studying natural resources were made by the Bulgarian 1300-2 project. B.G. 13 N89-11761"# National Aeronautics and Space Administration, ASTRODYNAMICS Washington, DC. CIVIL SPACE TECHNOLOGY INITIATIVE JUDITH H. AMBRUS In its Technology for Future NASA Includes powered and free-flight trajectories; and orbital and launch- Missions: Civil Space Technology Initiative (CSTI) and Path- ing dynamics. finder p 15-50 Sep. 1988 Avail: CASI HC A03/MF A04 Viewgraphs are presented on earth to orbit propulsion, booster N92-15466"# National Aeronautics and Space Administration. technology, an aeroassist flight experiment, robotics, remote sens- Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA. ing of Earth, and autonomous systems. R.J.F. SATELLITE ORBIT CONSIDERATIONS FOR A GLOBAL CHANGE TECHNOLOGY ARCHITECTURE TRADE STUDY N89-11774"# Jet Propulsion Lab., California Inst. of Tech., Pasa- EDWIN F. HARRISON (Lockheed Engineering and Sciences Co., dena, CA. Hampton, VA.), GARY G. GIBSON (Flight Mechanics and Con- SENSORS RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY trol, Inc., Hampton, VA.), JOHN T. SUTTLES, JAMES J. BUGLIA, JAMES A. CUTTS In NASA, Washington, Technology for Future and ISRAEL TABACK (Bionetics Corp., Hampton, VA.) In its NASA Missions: Civil Space Technology Initiative (CSTI) and Global Change Technology Architecture Trade Study p 91-108 Pathfinder p 283-304 Sap. 1988 Sep. 1991 Previously announced as N91-25557 Avail: CASI HC A03/MF A04 Avail: CASI HC A03/MF A04 Information on sensors research and technology is given in A study was conducted to determine satellite orbits for Earth viewgraph form. Information is given on sensing techniques for observation missions aimed at obtaining data for assessing global space science, passive remote sensing techniques and applica- climate change. A multisatellite system is required to meet the tions, submillimeter coherent sensing, submillimeter mixers and scientific requirements for temporal coverage over the globe. The local oscillator sources, non-coherent sensors, active remote sens- best system consists of four Sun-synchronous satellites equally ing, solid state laser development, a low vibration cooler, separation spaced in local time of equatodal crossing. This system can obtain of liquid helium and vapor phase in zero gravity, and future plans. data every three hours for all regions. Several other satellite systems R.J.F. consisting of combinations of Sun-synchronous orbits and either the Space Station Freedom or a mid-latitude equatorial satellite can N93-11528"# National Aeronautics and Space Administration, provide three to six hour temporal coverage, which is sufficient for Washington, DC. measudng many of the parameters required for the global change PAYLOAD ADVISORY PANEL RECOMMENDATIONS monitodng mission. Gaosynchronous satellites are required to study BERRIEN MOORE, III 8 Nov. 1991 18 p atmosphedc and surface processes involving vadations on the order (NASA-TM-108012; NAS 1.15:108012) Avail: CASI HC A03/MF A01 of a few minutes to an hour. Two or more geosynchronous satellites The Payload Advisory Panel proposes a restructured Earth can be relocated in longitude to study processes over selected Observing System (EOS) mission to address high-pfiodty science regions of Earth. Author 14 GROUND SUPPORT SYSTEMS AND FACILITIES (SPACE)

14 18 GROUND SUPPORT SYSTEMS AND FACILITIES SPACECRAFT DESIGN, TESTING AND (SPACE) PERFORMANCE

i i _ Includes launch complexes, research and production facilities; ground Includes satellites; space platforms; space stations; spacecraft support equipment, e.g., mobile transporters; and simulators. systems and components such as thermal and environmental controls; and attitude controls.

N91-28079"# Jackson State Univ., MS. N84-17248"# Martin Marietta Aerospace, Denver, CO. JACKSON STATE UNIVERSITY'S CENTER FOR SPATIAL TECHNOLOGY NEEDS OF ADVANCED EARTH OBSERVATION

• _i _ , DATA RESEARCH AND APPLICATIONS: NEW FACILITIES SPACECRAFT Final Report •ii_ , i,__ , AND NEW PARADIGMS J. J. HERBERT, J. R. POSTUCHOW, and W. A. SCHARTEL BRUCE E. DAVIS and GREGORY ELLIOT In Alabama A & M Washington NASA Jan. 1984 261 p Univ., NASA-HBCU Space Science and Engineering Research (Contract NASI-16756) Forum Proceedings p 90-95 1989 (NASA-CR-3698; NAS 1.26:3698; MCR-81-630) Avail: CASI HC Avail: CASI HC A02/MF A04 A12/MF A03 Jackson State University recently established the Center for Remote sensing missions were synthesized which could con- Spatial Data Research and Applications, a Geographical Informa- tribute significantly to the understanding of global environmental tion System (GIS) and remote sensing laboratory. Taking advantage parameters. Instruments capable of sensing important land and sea of new technologies and new directions in the spatial (geographic) parameters are combined with a large antenna designed to pas- sciences, JSU is building a Center of Excellence in Spatial Data sively quantify surface emitted radiation at several wavelengths. A Management. New opportunities for research, applications, and conceptual design for this large deployable antenna was developed. employment are emerging. GIS requires fundamental shifts and new All subsystems required to make the antenna an autonomous demands in traditional computer science and geographic training. spacecraft were conceptually designed. The entire package, includ- The Center is not merely another computer lab but is one setting the ing necessary orbit transfer propulsion, is folded to package within pace in a new applied frontier. GIS and its associated technologies the Space Transportation System (STS) cargo bay. After separa- are discussed. The Center's facilities are described. An ARC/INFO tion, the antenna, its integral feed mast, radiometer receivers, power GIS runs on a Vax mainframe, with numerous workstations. Image system, and other instruments are automatically deployed and processing packages include ELAS, LIPS, VICAR, and ERDAS. A transferred to the operational orbit. The design resulted in an host of hardware and software peripheral are used in support. antenna with a major antenna dimension of 120 meters, weighing Numerous projects are underway, such as the construction of a Gulf 7650 kilograms, and operating at an altitude of 700 kilometers. of Mexico environmental data base, development of AI In image Author processing, a land use dynamics study of metropolitan Jackson, and others. A new academic interdisciplinary program in Spatial Data N91-21216# Instituto de Pesquisas Espaciais, Sao Jose dos Management is under development, combining courses in Geogra- Campos (Brazil). phy and Computer Science. The broad range of JSU's GIS and PROPOSED METHODOLOGY FOR THE STUDY OF URBAN remote sensing activities is addressed. The impacts on changing ENVIRONMENT AND SPACE STRUCTURE IN METROPOLITAN paradigms in the university and in the professional world conclude AREA [PROPOSTA METODOLOGICA PARA O ESTUDO the discussion. Author AMBIENTAL E DA ESTRUTURACAO DO ESPACO URBANO EM AREAS METROPOLITANAS] CELINA FORESTI Nov. 1990 7 p In PORTUGUESE; ENGLISH summary Presented at the 6th Brazilian Symposium N85-15774"# Engineering and Economics Research, Inc.,Vienna, on Remote Sensing, Manaus, Brazil, 24-29 Jun. 1990 VA. (INPE-5203-PRE/1665) Avail: CASI HC A02/MF A01 UPPER ATMOSPHERE RESEARCH SATELLITE (UARS) The second generation satellites can be defined as mapping TRADE ANALYSIS Final Report satellites due to their superior spatial, spectral and radiometdc M.M. FOXandJ. NEBB 30 Nov. 1983 95p refs resolutions. Satellite data having these characteristics are useful in (Contract NAS5-26962) urban studies. The integration of data from the Geographic Informa- (NASA-CR-175269; NAS 1.26:175269) Avail: CASI HC A05/MF A01 tion System (GIS) with different spatial and spectral resolutions than The Upper Atmosphere Research Satellite (UARS) which will conventional data from topographic maps and other sources in- collect data pertinent to the Earth's upper atmosphere is described. creases the possibility of producing new products that contain detail The collected data will be sent to the central data handling facility and precise information about an urban area. Here, a methodology (CDHF) via the UARS ground system and the data will be processed of using remote sensing technology to study the urban environment and distdbuted to the remote analysis computer systems (RACS). is proposed. Results of a study carried out in the Sao Paulo An overview of the UARS ground system is presented. Three metropolitan area are also discussed. Author configurations were developed for the CDHF-RACS system. The CDHF configurations are discussed. The IBM CDHF configuration, N92-15469"# National Aeronautics and Space Administration. the UNIVAC CDHF configuration and the vax cluster CDHF configu- Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA. ration are presented. The RACS configurations, the IBM RACS SUNSYNCHRONOUS LOW EARTH ORBIT SPACECRAFT configurations, UNIVAC RACS and VAX RACS are detailed. Due to CONCEPTS AND TECHNOLOGY REQUIREMENTS FOR the large on-line data estimate to approximately 100 GB, a mass GLOBAL CHANGE MONITORING storage system is considered essential to the UARS CDHF. Mass L. BERNARD GARRETT (Bionetics Corp., Hampton, VA.), ANSEL storage systems were analyzed and the Braegan ATL, the RCA J. BUTTERFIELD (Bionetics Corp., Hampton, VA.), ISRAEL optical disk, the IBM 3850 and the MASSTOR M860 are discussed. TABACK (Bionetics Corp., Hampton, VA.), PAUL A. GARN, and It is determined that the type of mass storage system most suitable DONALD R. BURROWBRIDGE, JR. (Spartan Space Services, to UARS is the automated tape/cartddge device. Two devices of this Glendale, AZ.) In its Global Change Technology Architecture type, the IBM 3850 and the MASSTOR MSS are analyzed and the Trade Study p 187-270 Sep. 1991 applicable tape/cartridge device is incorporated into the three CDHF- Avail: CASI HC A05/MF A04 RACS configurations. E.A.K. The Global Change Technology Initiative listing of instruments SPACECRAFT DESIGN, TESTING AND PERFORMANCE 18

for operation in low Earth, sunsynchronous orbits contain 21 entries, PROVIDED BY THE PRESENCE OF AN EOS-A AND -B of which 20 are carried aboard multi-instrument spacecraft. This list WARREN D. HYPES and ROGARD T. ROSS (Joint Inst. for identifies the temporal requirements for repetition of measurements Advancement of Flight Sciences, Hampton, VA.) In NASA. and also includes groups of instruments that make complementing Langley Research Center, Global Change Technology Architec- measurements. Definitions for individual spacecraft follows the ture Trade Study p 293-308 Sep. 1991 temporal and grouping requirements to establish constellations Avail: CASI HC A03/MF A04 which will provide the measurement data. The definitions of constel- The baseline architecture of the Global Change Technology lations for multi-instrument spacecraft show two altamatives: a Initiative (GCTI) fleet was established by selecting and designing constellation of 10 spacecraft, each compatible with launch by a spacecraft and instruments to meet the science requirements devel- Delta booster; a constellation of 4 spacecraft, each requiring a Titan oped under the task I effort. While attempting to meet the temporal booster. Operating subsystems for the individual spacecraft can use sampling portion of the science requirements, no consideration was modular concepts that are adaptations based upon current plans for given to the presence of the proposed Earth Observing System • r improving the performance of the NASA-Goddard Multimission (EOS) Spacecraft that would be making many of the same measure- Modular units. The descriptions of the spacecraft and constellations ments with many of the same instruments. After establishing the begins with a compilation of instrument related requirements that GCTI baseline independent of the EOS Spacecraft; however, it is define the pdncipal system performance parameters and operating now prudent to examine the impact of the presence of the EOS capabilities. Author Spacecraft on the GCTI fleet. A small scope, GCTI study supplement was accomplished to assess the impact. The content and N92-15470"# National Aeronautics and Space Administration. results of the supplementary study are presented. Author Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA. HOOP COLUMN SOIL MOISTURE SPACECRAFT IN LOW N92-16009# National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, EARTH ORBIT FOR GLOBAL CHANGE MONITORING Washington, DC. MELVIN J. FEREBEE, JR. In its Global Change Technology PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT PLANS FOR OPERATIONAL Architecture Trade Study p 271-280 Sep. 1991 SATELLITE PRODUCTS FOR THE NOAA CLIMATE AND Avail: CASI HC A02/MF A04 i// GLOBAL CHANGE PROGRAM: SPECIAL REPORT NO. 5 A subset of the total Global Change Technology Initiative University Corp. for Atmosphedc Research Oct. 1991 83 p instruments are required to be in low Earth, sunsynchronous orbits. Avail: CASI HC A05/MF A01 There is one instrument, however, that requires its own specialized The Product Development Plans (PDP's) developed for the spacecraft; the Soil Moisture Microwave Radiometer (SMMR). The Operational Measurements Project of NOAA's Climate and Global characteristic structure of the instrument is the 118 m hoop column Change Program are presented. The objective of the Operational support structure. The hoop is supported by an axially placed Measurements Project is to provide continuing climate and global column. Tension cables support and shape an electromagnetically change information products from operational observations. The reflective mesh surface. The instrument is capable of detecting operational measurement systems, satellite and in situ, generate a frequencies in the 1.4 GHz range (Soil Moisture and Sea Salinity). continuing stream of observations of the state of the Earth's climate. Three apertures are used to reduce the degree of paraboloid offset Author and improve the beam quality. The spacecraft configuration is determined by the instrument support requirements and the require- N92-27388# Mitre Corp., McLean, VA. ment that it can fit into the Titan IV cargo bay. The configuration is SMALL SATELLITES AND RPAS IN GLOBAL-CHANGE dedved by cross referencing the instrument performance require- RESEARCH, SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS ments with the performance of the spacecraft. The spacecraft P. BANKS, J. M. CORNWALL, F. DYSON, N. FORTSON, and S. design is similar with the Multi-mission Modular Spacecraft in terms KOONIN Jan. 1992 29p of size and packaging. A description of the spacecraft's features will (AD-A247855; JSR-91-330A) Avail: CASI HC A03/MF A01 yield a summary of the technologies needed for the SMMR space- JASON has now conducted two studies on the use of small craft. Author satellites and remotely-piloted aircraft (RPA's) in global change research, with special reference to the DOE Atmospheric Radiation N92-15471"# National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Measurement (ARM) Program and to DARPA's Small Satellite Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA. Program. The studies centered around meetings, one in January GEOSTATIONARY ORBIT EARTH SCIENCE PLATFORM and the other in June, 1991, to which we invited representatives of CONCEPTS FOR GLOBAL CHANGE MONITORING all areas of the global change program and of the DOD satellite JEFFERY T. FARMER (Bionetics Corp., Hampton, VA.), THOMAS science and technology community. We have already issued a G. CAMPBELL (Bionetics Corp., Hampton, VA.), WILLIAM T. report on the January study. Here we summarize the main themes DAVIS (Bionetics Corp., Hampton, VA.), PAUL A. GARN (Bionetics and results of our summer study. DTIC Corp., Hampton, VA.), CHARLES B. KING (Bionetics Corp., Hampton, VA.), and CHERYL C. JACKSON (Flight Mechanics N94-10699"# National Aeronautics and Space Administration, and Control, Inc., Hampton, VA.) In its Global Change Technol- Washington, DC. ogy Architecture Trade Study p 282-291 Sap. 1991 TOPEX/POSEIDON: A UNITED STATES/FRANCE MISSION. Avail: CASI HC A02/MF A04 OCEANOGRAPHY FROM SPACE: THE OCEANS AND CLIMATE Functionality of a geostationary spacecraft to support Earth 1992 23 p Original contains color illustrations science regional process research is identified. Most regional pro- (NASA-TM-108253; NAS 1.15:108253) Avail: CASI HC A03/MF cess studies require high spatial and temporal resolution. These A01; 17 functional color pages high temporal resolutions are on the order of 30 minutes and may be The TOPEX/POSEIDON space mission, sponsored by NASA achievable with instruments positioned in a geostationary orbit. A and France's space agency, the Centre National d'Etudes Spatiaies complement of typical existing or near term instruments are identi- (CNES), will give new observations of the Earth from space to gain fied to take advantage of this altitude. This set of instruments is a quantitative understanding of the role of ocean currents in climate listed, and the requirements these instruments impose on a space- change. Rising atmosphedc concentrations of carbon dioxide and craft are discussed. A bdef descdption of the geostafionary spece- other 'greenhouse gases' produced as a result of human activities craft concepts which support these instruments is presented. could generate a global warming, followed by an associated rise in Author sea level. The satellite will use radar altimetry to measure sea- surface height and will be tracked by three independent systems to N92-15472"# Bionetics Corp., Hampton, VA. yield accurate topographic maps over the dimensions of entire OPTIONS IN THE GLOBAL CHANGE FLEET ARCHITECTURE ocean basins. The satellite data, together with the Tropical Ocean

3 18 SPACECRAFT DESIGN, TESTING AND PERFORMANCE

and Global Atmosphere (TOGA) program and the World Ocean MARIAN U. WERNER In JPL, Proceedings of the Third Circulation Expedmant (WOCE) measurements, will be analyzed by Spaceborne Imaging Radar Symposium p 67-73 28 May 1993 an international scientific team. By merging the satellite observa- Avail: CASI HC A02/MF A04 tions with TOGA and WOCE findings, the scientists will establish the The X-band synthetic aperture radar (X-SAR) is the German/ extensive data base needed for the quantitative description and Italian contribution to the NASA/JPL Shuttle Radar Lab missions as computer modeling of ocean cimulation. The ocean models will part of the preparation for the Earth Observation System (EOS) eventually be coupled with atmospheric models to lay the foundation program. The Shuttle Radar Lab is a combination of several radars: for predictions of global climate change. Derived fromtext an L-band (1.2 GHz) and a C-band (5.3 GHz) multipoladzation SAR known as SIR-C (Shuttle Imaging Radar); and an X-band (9.6 GHz) vertically polarized SAR which will be operated synchronously over N94-14112"# Committee on Earth Observations Satellites, Lon- the same target areas to deliver calibrated multifrequency and don (England). multipolarization SAR data at multiple incidence angles from space. MINUTES OF THE SIXTH CEOS PLENARY MEETING A joint German/italian project office at DARA (German Space 25 Mar. 1993 35 p Meeting held in London, England, 9-11 Dec. Agency) is responsible for the management of the X-SAR project. 1992 The space hardware has been developed and manufactured under (NASA-TM-108252; NAS 1.15:108252) Avail: CASI HC A03/MF A01 industrial contract by Domier and Alania Spazio. Besides supporting all the technical and scientific tasks, DLR, in cooperation with ASI The Committee on Earth Observations Satellites (CEOS) minutes for the sixth plenary meeting held in London, December 9-11, (Agencia Spaziale Italiano) is responsible for mission operation, 1992 are presented. Attending as prospective members were the calibration, and high precision SAR processing. In addition, DLR Russian Space Agency (RSA), the Committee for Hydrometeorol- developed an airbome X-band SAR to support the experimenters _ .... i_ ogy and Environmental Monitoring of the Ministry for Ecology and with campaigns to prepare for the missions. The main advantage of adding a shorter wavelength (3 cm) radar to the SIR-C radars is the Natural resources of the Russian Federation (ROSCOMGIDROMET), the Chinese Academy of Space Technology (CAST) and the Na- X-band radar's weaker penetration into vegetation and soil and its tional Remote Sensing Center of China (NRSCC). Actions taken at high sensitivity to surface roughness and associated phenomena. the meeting included membership issues, CEOS proposals, data The performance of each of the three radars is comparable with policy, and working group reports. Data requirements of CEOS respect to radiomstric and geometric resolution. Author (revised) affiliates were also reported on. Additional summations and statements as well as lists of participants and future meetings are included. In general, topics covered related to remote sensing and global change. CASI N94-15904"# Jet Propulsion Lab., California Inst. of Tech., Pasa- dena, CA. EOS SAR: A NEW APPROACH JOBEA WAY In its Proceedings of the _Third Spaceborne Imaging Radar Symposium p 251-262 28 May 1993 Avail: CASI HC A03/MF A04 32 Viewgraphs on Earth Observing System (EOS) Synthetic Ap- erture Radar (SAR) are presented. The goal of the EOS is to develop COMMUNICATIONS AND RADAR the modeling and observational capabilities to predict and/or monitor atmospheric, terrestrial, and oceanic processes that are either Includes radar; land and global communications; communications causing global change or resulting from global change. The EOS theory; and optical communications. SAR goal is to provide important geophysical products to the EOS data set to improve our understanding of the state and functioning of the Earth system. The EOS SAR strategy is to define the instrument requirements based on required input to geophysical N84-16412"# Army Cold Regions Reseamh and Engineering Lab., Hanover, NH. algorithms, to provide the processing capability and algorithms to SPACEBORNE SAR AND SEA ICE Status Report generate such products on the required spatial (global) and temporal (3-5 days) scales, and to provide the spacebome instrumentation W. F. WEEKS InJPL Spaceborne Imaging Radar Symp. p 113- 115 1 Jul. 1983 with international partnerships. CASI Avail: CASI HC A08/MF A01 A number of remote sensing systems deployed in satellites to view the Earth which are successful in gathering data on the behavior of the world's snow and ice covers are described. Consid- N94-23835"# National Space Development Agency, Tokyo (Japan). ering sea ice which covers over 10% of the world ocean, systems NASDA'S VIEW OF GROUND CONTROL IN MISSION that have proven capable to collect useful data include those OPERATIONS operating in the visible, near-infrared, infrared, and microwave SATOSHI TATENO In JPL, SpaceOps 1992: Proceedings of the frequency ranges. The microwave systems have the essential Second International Symposium on Ground Data Systems for advantage in observing the ice under all weather and lighting Space Mission Operations p 15-20 1 Mar. 1993 conditions. Without this capability data are lost during the long polar Avail: CASI HC A02/MF A10 night and during times of storm passage, periods when ice activity This paper presents an overview of the present status and can be intense. The margins of the ice pack, a region of particular future plans of the National Space Development Agency of Japan's interest, is shrouded in cloud between 80 and 90% of the time. (NASDA's) ground segment and related space missions. The de- E.A.K. scdbed ground segment consists of the tracking and data acquisition (T&DA) system and the Earth Observation Center (EOC) system. In addition to these systems, the current plan of the Engineering Support Center (ESC) for the Japanese Expedment N94-15891"# Deutsche Forschungs- undVersuchsanstaltfuer Luft- Module (JEM) attached to Space Station Freedom is introduced. und Raumfahrt, Oberpfaffenhofen (Germany). Inst. fuer Then, NASDA's fundamental point of view on the future trend of Hochfrequenztechnik. operations and technologies in the coming new space era is dis- X-SAR: THE X-BAND SYNTHETIC APERTURE RADAR ON cussed. Within the discussion, the increasing importance of intema- BOARD THE SPACE SHUTTLE tional cooperation is also mentioned. Author (revised)

4 GEOSCIENCES(GENERAL) 42

35 (16) Technology Status. A technical drawing of each instrument is also provided. D.R.D. INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY N92-29228"# National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Includes remote sensors; measuring instruments and gages; detec- Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA. tors; cameras and photographic supplies; and holography. SIXTEENTH INTERNATIONAL LASER RADAR CONFERENCE, PART 1 N85-19385# Instituto de Pesquisas Espaciais, Sao Jose dos M. PATRICK MCCORMICK, ed. Washington Jul. 1992 407 p Campos (Brazil). Conference held in Cambridge, MA, 20-24 Jul. 1992; sponsored BRAZILIAN REMOTE SENSING SHUTTLE EXPERIMENT by NASA. Langley Research Center, AFOSR, AF Phillips Lab., (BRESEX): CHARACTERISTICS AND FUTURE UTILIZATION American Meteorological Society, and the Optical Society of ON SATELLITES America N. D.J. PARADA Oct. 1984 11 p Presented at the 18th Intern. (Contract RTOP 665-45-20-21) Symp. on Remote Sensing of the Environment, Pads, 1-5 Oct. (AD-A277077; NASA-CP-3158-PT-1; L-17126-PT-1; NAS 1984 1.55:3158-PT-1) Avail: CASI HC A18/MF A04 _i ¸, _ (INPE-3313-PRE/620) Avail: CASI HC A03/MF A01 This publication contains extended abstracts of papers pre- Brazilian Space Program plans include the design, manufac- sented at the 16th International Laser Radar Conference. One- tudng, launching, operation of four satellites, two of which are hundred ninety-five papers were presented in both oral and poster designated for the remote sensing of Earth. A cooperative experi- sessions. The topics of the conference sessions were: (1) Mr. ment with NASA provides the opportunity to use, in space, a Pinatubo Volcanic Dust Layer Observations; (2) Global Change/ prototype of the imaging instrument designed for these satellites. Ozone Measurements; (3) GLOBE/LAWS/LITE; (4) Mesospheric The objective of the Brazilian Remote Sensing Experiment (BRESEX) Measurements and Measurement Systems; (5) Middle Atmosphere; to be carded on space shuffle are listed. Specifications for the CCD, (6) Wind Measurements and Measurement Systems; (7) Imaging pushbroom mode, multispectral band camera are considered. and Ranging; (8) Water Vapor Measurements; (9) Systems and A.R.H. Facilities; and (10) Laser Devices and Technology. This conference reflects the breadth of research activities being conducted in the N92-15467"# National Aeronautics and Space Administration. lidar field. These abstracts address subjects from lidar-based atmo- Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA. spheric investigations relating to global change to the development SELECTION OF REPRESENTATIVE INSTRUMENTS FOR A of new lidar systems and technology. GLOBAL CHANGE TECHNOLOGY ARCHITECTURE TRADE STUDY N94-16696"# Jet Propulsion Lab., California Inst. of Tech., Pasa- WARREN D. HYPES (Bionetics Corp., Hampton, VA.), LLOYD dena, CA. KEAFER (Bionetics Corp., Hampton, VA.), ROGARD T. ROSS JPL ACTIVITIES ON DEVELOPMENT OF ACOUSTO-OPTIC (Joint Inst. for Advancement of Flight Sciences, Hampton, VA.), TUNABLE FILTER IMAGING SPECTROMETER HEATHER R. KNIGHT (Joint Inst. for Advancement of Flight LI-JEN CHENG, TIEN-HSIN CHAO, and GEORGE REYES In Sciences, Hampton, VA.), ANTHONY JALINK, and CHERYL L. its Summaries of the Third Annual JPL Airborne Geoscience ALLEN In its Global Change Technology Architecture Trade Workshop. Volume 1: AVIRIS Workshop p 88-90 1 Jun. 1992 Study p 109-179 Sep. 1991 Avail: CASI HC A01/MF A02 Avail: CASI HC A04/MF A04 Recent activities of JPL in the development of a new type of The objectives of Task 2 of the Global Change Technology imaging spectrometers for earth observation and planetary explora- Initiative (GCTI) Architectural Trade Study were to select represen- tion are reported. This instrument uses the acousto-optic tunable tative sets of instruments for making the science measurements filter (AOTF) as high resolution and fast programmable bandpass specified in Task 1 and to identify instruments that, when flown filter. AOTF operates in the principle of acousto-optic interaction in together, form special complementary packages for measurement an anisotropic medium. This filter can be tuned in sequential, purposes. The list of representative instruments and their comple- random, and multiwavelength access modes, providing observa- mentary relationships provide a payload manifest defined in terms tional flexibility. The diffraction process in the filter generates two of mass, power, size, viewing angles, data rates, etc. which can be diffracted monochromatic beams with poladzaUon orthogonal to used to focus spacecraft trade studies and the definition of a each other, creating a unique capability to measure both poladmetdc candidate GCTI fleet. Science requirements from Task 1 are given and spectral properties of the incoming light simultaneously with a in tabular form. Numerous instruments are described, including single instrument. The device gives wide wavelength operations visible-infrared radiometers, visible-infrared spectrometers, gas with reasonably large throughput. In addition, itis in a compact solid- correction radiometers, active systems for Earth observation, Limb state structure without moving parts, providing system reliability. viewing instruments, visible-infrared and grating spectrometers, These attractive features give promising opportunities to develop a and microwave radiometers. Author new generation of alrbome/spacebome and ground, real-time, imaging spectrometer systems for remote sensing applications. N92-15475"# National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Author (revised) Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA. PHYSICAL AND PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS OF INSTRUMENTS SELECTED FOR GLOBAL CHANGE MONITORING CHERYL L. ALLEN In its Global Change Technology Architec- ture Trade Study p 351-379 Sep. 1991 42 Avail: CASI HC A03/MF A04 The following appendix (appendix B) lists the instruments GEOSCIENCES (GENERAL)

i" ' chosen for the Global Change Monitodng program. The instruments are descdbed according to the following categodes: (1) Title; (2) Measurement; (3) Contact; (4) Instrument Type; (5) Dimensions; (6) N84-30450°# National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Mass; (7) Average Operational Power;, (8) Data Rate; (9) Spectral/ Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD. Frequency Range; (10) Number of Channels/Frequencies; (11) EARTH OBSERVING SYSTEM. SCIENCE AND MISSION Viewing Field; (12) Scanning Characteristics; (13) Resolution (Hod- REQUIREMENTS, VOLUME 1, PART 1 zontal/Vertical); (14) Swath Width; (15) Satellite Application; and Washington Aug. 1984 59 p Original contains color illustrations 42 GEOSClENCES (GENERAL)

(NASA-TM-86129-VOL-1-PTo1; NAS 1.15:86129-VOL-1-pTo1) challenge to the Earth system science is to develop the capability to Avail: CASI HC A04/MF A01 predict those changes that will occur in the next decade to century, i i'_i _ _ The Earth Observing System (EOS) is a planned NASA pro- both naturally and in response to human activity. Sustained, long- gram, which will carry the multidisclplinary Earth science studies term measurements of global variables; fundamental descriptions of employing a vadaty of remote sensing techniques in the 1990's, as the Earth and its history; research foci and process studies; devel- a prime mission, using the Space Station polar platform. The opment of Earth system models; an information system for Earth _iii_i• ¸I scientific rationale, recommended observational needs, the broad system science; coordination of Federal agencies; and intemational system configuration and a recommended implementation strategy cooperation are examined. B.G. to achieve the stated mission goals are provided. N91-24669"# National Aeronautics and Space Administration, N84-30453"# National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Washington, DC. Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD. THE HIGHLIGHTS OF 1989 IMPLEMENTATION STRATEGY 1989 77 p In its Earth Observing System. Sci. and Mission Requirements, (NASA-TM-104985; NAS 1.15:104985) Avail: CASI HC A05/MF Vol. l, Partl p15-48 Aug. 1983 A01 Avail: CASI HC A04/MF A01 Activity of the Earth Science and Application Division in 1989 Meeting the identified needs of Earth science requires ap- is reported. On overview of the work of Division is presented, and the proaching EOS as an information system and not simply as one or main changes in previously announced flight schedules are noted. more satellites with instruments. Six elements of strategy are The following subject areas are covered: the Earth Observing outlined as follows: implementation of the individual discipline System; studies of the stratospheric ozone; U.S.-U.S.S.R. collabo- missions as currently planned; use of sustained observational ration in Earth sciences; cloud climatology and the radiation budget; capabilities offered by operational satellites without waiting for the studies of ocean color; global tropospheric chemistry studies; first launch of new mission; put first priority on the data system; deploy ISLSCP (International Satellite Cloud Climatology Project) field an Advanced Data Collection and Location System; put a substan- experiment; and solid Earth science research plan. Author tial new observing capability in a low Earth orbit in such a way as to provide for sustained measurements; and group instruments to N81-76526 Joint Publications Research Service, Arlington, VA. exploit their capabilities for synergism; maximize the scientific utility EARTH SCIENCES FROM SPACE of the mission; and minimize the costs of implementation where A. V. SIDORENKO In its USSR Rept.: Space, No. 11 (JPRS- possible. B.G. 78264) p 56-62 10 Jun. 1981 Transl. into ENGLISH from Priroda (Moscow), no. 11, Nov. 1980 p 3-9 N86-31094"# National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Washington, DC. EARTH OBSERVING SYSTEM. DATA AND INFORMATION 43 SYSTEM. VOLUME 2A: REPORT OF THE EOS DATA PANEL 1986 63p EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING (NASA-TM-87777; NAS 1.15:87777) Avail: CASI HC A04/MF A01 Includes remote sensing of earth resources by aircraft and space- The purpose of this report is to provide NASA with a rationale craft; photogrammetry; and aerial photography. and recommendations for planning, implementing, and operating an Earth Observing System data and information system that can N82-15497# Committee on Science andTechnology (U.S. House). evolve to meet the Earth Observing System's needs in the 1990s. CIVIL LAND REMOTE SENSING SYSTEMS The Earth Observing System (Eos), defined by the Eos Science and Washington GPO 1981 370 p Joint hearings before the Mission Requirements Working Group, consists of a suite of instru- Subcomm. on Space Sci. and Appl. of the Comm. on Sci. and ments in low Earth orbit acquiring measurements of the Earth's Technol. and the Subcomm. on Sci., Technol., and Space of the atmosphere, surface, and interior; an information system to support Comm. on Com., Sci., and Transportation, 97th Congr., 1st scientific research; and a vigorous program of scientific research, Sess., No. 40, 22-23 Jul. 1981 stressing study of global-scale processes that shape and influence (GPO-35-265) Avail: Subcommittee on Space Science and the Earth as a system. The Eos data and information system is Applications conceived as a complete research information system that would Steps taken to facilitate NOAA assumption of responsibility for transcend the traditional mission data system, and include addi- operating LANDSAT D and LANDSAT D pdme are reviewed and tional capabilties such as maintaining long-term, time-series data institutional alternatives for transferring operational responsibility bases and providing access by Eos researchers to relevant non-Eos for the program to the private sector are examined. These include: data. The Working Group recommends that the Eos data and (1) an existing pdvate corporation; (2) a legislatively established for information system be initiated now, with existing data, and that the profit pdvate corporation; (3) a government corporation; and (4) system evolve into one that can meet the intensive research and Federal agency ownership with private sector operation. The advan- data needs that will exist when Eos spacecraft are retuming data in tages and disadvantages of each of these options are considered as the 1990s. Author well as user participation. A.R.H.

N89-22969" National Aeronautics and Space Administration, N82-17562"# National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Washington, DC. Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD. EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCE: A PROGRAM FOR GLOBAL CHARACTERIZING USER REQUIREMENTS FOR FUTURE CHANGE LAND OBSERVING SATELLITES 1989 305 p Original document contains color illustrations J. L. BARKER, P. J. CRESSY, C. C. SCHNETZLER, and V. V. (NASA-TM-101186; NAS 1.15:101186) Avail: NASA Headquar- SALOMONSON Dac. 1981 56p rafs ters, Washington, DC CODE: EE (NASA-TM-83867) Avail: CASI HC A04/MF A01 The Earth System Sciences Committee (ESSC) was appointed The objective procedure was developed for identifying prob- to consider directions for the NASA Earth-sciences program, with able sensor and mission characteristics for an operational satellite the following charge: review the science of the Earth as a system of land observing system. Requirements were systematically com- interacting components; recommend an implementation strategy for piled, quantified and scored by type of use, from surveys of federal, Earth studies; and define the role of NASA in such a program. The state, local and private communities, incremental percent increases

6 EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING 43

in expected value of data were estimated for cdtical system improve- is examined to show the applicability of satellite remote sensing in ments. Comparisons with costs permitted selection of a probable all geographic areas. A.R.H. sensor system, from a set of 11 options, with the following characteristics: 30 meter spatial resolution in 5 bands and 15 meters in 1 N83-12508# Ministere de rEnergie et des Ressourcas (Quebec). band, spectral bands nominally at Thematic Mapper (TM) bands 1 CONFERENCE ON USING NEXT GENERATION EARTH through 6 positions, and 2 day data tum around for receipt of OBSERVATION SATELLITES: SUMMARY HANDBOOK imagery. Improvements are suggested for both the form of questions [COLLOQUE SUR L'UTILISATION DE LA PROCHAINE and the procedures for analysis of future surveys in order to provide GENERATION DE SATELLITES D'OBSERVATION DE LA a more quantitatively precise definition of sensor and mission TERRE: MANUEL DE SYNTHESE] requirements. A.R.H. H. AUDET, ed. and K. P. B. THOMSON, ed. (Centre Canadien de Teledetection) 1981 79 p In FRENCH and ENGLISH Conf. N82-21660°# Washington Univ., Saint Louis, MO. Center for held in Montreal, 24-25 Mar. 1981 refs Development Technology. Avail: CASI HC A05/MF A01 PROGRAM ON STIMULATING OPERATIONAL PRIVATE Presentations and discussions of the different techniques SECTOR USE OF EARTH OBSERVATION SATELLITE i ¸J!!_ needed to process the data to be provided by the high resolution INFORMATION Final Report, 1 Nov. 1979 - 15 Jan. 1981 visible sensor on SPOT and the thematic mapper on LANDSAT D L. F. EASTWOOD, JR., J. FOSHAGE, G. GOMEZ, B. are highlighted. Expedments conducted to simulate data from these _ilili!•i!¸ KIRKPATRICK, B. KONIG, and R. STEIN, Principal Investigators two instruments are described and results, conclusions, and recom- :i_• _ i ¸ 15 Jan. 1981 216 p refs mendations from each effort are summarized. Transl.byA.R.H. (Contract NASW-3331) (E82-10131; NASA-CR-168515; NAS 1.26:168515) Avail: CASI N83-17988"# National Aeronautics and Space Administration, HC A10/MF A03 Washington, DC. _i_•!:i_i,_ Ideas for new businesses specializing in using remote sensing STATUS AND OUTLOOK FOR NASA'S LAND REMOTE and computerized spatial data systems were developed. Each such SENSING PROGRAM business serves as an 'information middleman', buying raw satellite R.H.WEINSTEIN InPurdue Univ. CORSE-81: The 1981 Conf. or aircraft imagery, processing these data, combining them in a on Remote Sensing Educ. p 341-342 1981 computer system with customer-specific information, and marketing Avail: CASI HC A16/MF A03 the resulting information products. Examples of the businesses the Both LANDSAT 2 and LANDSAT 3 are currently in operational project designed are: (1) an agdculturel facility site evaluation firm; status following recovery from technical problems. The LANDSAT D (2) a mass media grocery pdce and supply analyst and forecaster;, program continues NASA's R&D with the dual objectives of assess- (3) a management service for privately held woodlots; (4) a broker- ing the capabilities of the thematic mapper sensor and evaluating the age for insulation and roofing contractors, based on infrared imag- requirements for an operational land observing system. LANDSAT ery; (5) an expanded real estate information service. In addition, D' will not be launched until LANDSAT D ceases operation, to more than twenty-five other commercially attractive ideas in provide data continuity through 1988. Future NASA remote sensing agdbusiness, forestry, mining, real estate, urban planning and programs will continue to emphasize research, technology develop- redevelopment, and consumer information were created. The com- ment, cooperative projects with end users of data and cooperation mercial feasibility of the five business was assessed. This assess- with the National Oceanic and Atmosphedc Administration (NOAA) ment included market surveys, revenue projections, cost analyses, on transition to an operational land observing system. Technology and profitability studies. The results show that there are large and development should extend the results of research to practical enthusiastic markets willing to pay for the services these businesses applications through improved ground data processing and informa- offer, and that the businesses could operate profitably. M.G. fion extraction techniques and development of new sensors such as the solid state multi-spectral linear array. A.R.H. N82-22630# Committee on Science andTechnology (U.S. House). CIVIL LAND REMOTE SENSING SYSTEM N83-19141"# National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Washington GPO 1982 77 p Presented by the Subcom. on Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD. Space Sci. and Appl. of the Comm. on Sci. and Technol., 97th SECOND EASTERN REGIONAL REMOTE SENSING Congr., 1st Sess., Dec. 1981 APPLICATIONS CONFERENCE (GPO-87-070) Avail: Subcommittee on Space Science and M. L. IMHOFF, ed., R. G. WITT, ed., and D. KUGELMANN, ed. Applications 1981 398 p Conf. held in Danvers, Mass., 9-11 Mar. 1981 refs Current remote sensing research and development activities, (E83-10189; NASA-CP-2198; NAS 1.55:2198) Avail: CASI HC current planning for an operational system, and international remote A17/MF A04 sensing activities are summadzed. Significant issues considered Participants from state and local governments share experi- include: the role of government vis-a-vis the private sector, the way ences in remote sensing applications with one another and with in which it can best serve both the public and the private sector, its users inthe Federal government, universities, and the private sector role in future research and development, and regulations and terms during technical sessions and forums covedng agdculture and it must mandate for a civil land remote sensing system. Legislation forestry; land cover analysis and planning; surface mining and needed for govemment/industry joint ventures is also examined. energy; data processing; water quality and the coastal zone; geo- A.R.H. graphic information systems; and user development programs.

N83-10471"# National Aeronautics and Space Administration. N83-35466"# General Electric Co., Philadelphia, PA. Space Sys- Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD. tems Operation. APPENDIX C. LANDSAT: A WORLDWIDE PERSPECTIVE NAVAL REMOTE OCEAN SENSING SYSTEM (NROSS) STUDY In its The LANDSAT Tutorial Workbook p 455-475 1982 refs Final Report Avail: CASI HC A03/MF A04; SOD HC; 12 functional color pages May 1983 183 p Prepared for JPL, Pasadena, Calif. Images charactedstics of geographic regions other than the (Contract NAS7-100; JPL-956524) northeastem part of the United States are presented for interpreta- (NASA-CR-173109; JPL-9950-858; NAS 1.26:173109; DOC- tion. Pro- and post-eruption imagery of Mt. St. Helens volcano 83SDS4223) Avail: CASI HC A09/MF A02 serves to demonstrate the advantages of thermal infrared sensing, A set of hardware similar to the SEASAT A-configuration and the potential for developing a timely, decision oriented thematic requirement, suitable for installation and operation aboard a NOAA- map to be used in solving drought-related problems in Upper Volta D bus and a budgetary cost for one (1) protofUght model was 43 EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING

provided. The scatterometer sensor is conceived as one of several The SPOT program, compdsing Earth observation satellites sensors for the Navy Remote Ocean Sensing System (NROSS) and ground receiving stations is discussed. The first satellite, due for Satellite Program. Deliverables requested were to include a final launch in 1985, will carry a payload of two identical high resolution report with appropriate sketches and block diagrams showing the visible instruments using CCD linear arrays technology. These will scatterometer design/configuration and a budgetary cost for all labor make images of the Earth with sampling step of 20 meters in three and matarials to design, fabdcata, test, and integrate this hardware color bands in the visible range and in the near infrared, and with a into a NOAA-D satellite bus. This configuration consists of two (2) sampling step of 10 meters in a broad, panchromatic band: i.e., in hardware assembles - a transmitterreceiver (T/R) assembly and an black and white. This configuration is suitable for observing the small integrated electronics assembly (lEA). The T/R assembly as con- agdcultural plots found in many countries. It also satisfies some ceived is best located at the extreme opposite end of the satellite conventional cartographic requirements. Sidelooking capability will away from the solar array assembly and oriented in position to allow the satellite to observe any region of the Earth at intervals of enable one surface of the assembly to have unobstructed exposure one to several days, thus allowing relatively fast changing phenom- to space. The lEA is planned to be located at the bottom (Earth ena to be monitored. It will also be possible to provide for stereo- viewing) side of the satellite and requires a radiating plate. S.L. scopic vision by associating views taken from different angles. R.J.F. N84-17676# Autometric Corp., Inc., Falls Church, VA. APPS-4 (ANALYTICAL PHOTOGRAMMETRIC PROCESSING N85-20777# Dornier-Werke G.m.b.H., Friedrichshafen SYSTEM-4) REMOTE SENSING APPLICATIONS GUIDE (Germany). J. D. PEROUTKY Fort Belvoir, Va. Army Engineer Topographic THE ESA REMOTE SENSING SATELLITE SYSTEM (ERS-1) Labs. Jun. 1983 86p E. H. VELTON In AGARD Space System Applications to Tactical (Contract DAAK70-81-C-0261) Operations 11 p Oct. 1984 refs (AD-A134977; REPT-901-0081; ETL-0333) Avail: CASI HC Avail: CASI HC A09/MF A02 A05/MF A01 The ERS-1 remote sensing system is presently in the definition This report descdbes the Computer-Assisted Photo Interpreta- phase. The system development will start in early 1984, launch of tion Research (CAPIR) facility at the U.S. Army Engineer Topo- the first satellite is planned for mid 1988 from Guyana Space Centre graphic Laboratodes (USAETL) and discusses itsuse, pdmadly with by the European launcher ARIANE. The ERS-1 system develop- the APPS-IV analytical stereoplottar, for vadous remote sensings ment will be performed jointly by the member states of the European applications. The components of the APPS-IV and the geographic Space Agency together with Norway and Canada. Mission objec- information system (AUTOGIS) are descdbed, followed by discus- tives, system elements, instruments, data processing, and ground sions of the capabilities and advantages of a CAPIR-type system. A support are discussed. R.J.F. general workflow is also included as a guide to the undertaking of this type project. DTIC N85-23224"# National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Washington, DC. N84-31238# Joint Publications Research Service, Arlington, VA. NASA'S LAND REMOTE SENSING PLANS FOR THE 1980'S AZERBAIJAN INSTITUTE DEVELOPS SUBSATELLITE H. C. HIGG, K. M. BUTERA, and M. SETTLE In NASA Goddard MEASUREMENT SYSTEMS Space Flight Center Remote Sensing of Snow and Evapotrans- T. ISMAILOV In its USSR Rept.: Space (JPRS-USP-84-004) piration p 1-5 Feb. 1985 p 133-136 22 Aug. 1984 Transl. into ENGLISH from Pravda Avail: CASI HC A09/MF A01 (Moscow), 27 Mar. 1984 p 3 Research since the launch of LANDSAT-1 has been primarily Copyright Avail: CASI HC A07 directed to the development of analysis techniques and to the The subsatellite automatic data measudng system is used in conduct of applications studies designed to address resource infor- aedal and satellite control-measurement areas. The system was mation needs in the United States and in many other countdes. The designed for reception, preprocessing of data (in a search or current measurement capabilities represented by MSS, TM, and operational mode) and the change from occasional to systematic SIR-A and B, coupled with the present level of remote sensing measurements of various parameters of natural objects. Author understanding and the state of knowledge in the discipline earth sciences, form the foundation for NASA's Land Processes Program. N84-35050# National Taiwan Univ., Taipei. Science issues to be systematically addressed include: energy PRELIMINARY STUDY OF LANDSAT IMAGERIES OF TAIWAN balance, hydrologic cycle, biogeochemical cycles, biological pro- AND ITS SURROUNDINGS Abstract Only ductivity, rock cycle, landscape development, geological and bo- Y. A. FAN In National Science Council Sci. Res. Abstr. in tanical associations, and land surface inventory, monitoring, and Republic of China, 1983 p 56 Jun. 1984 modeling. A global perspective is required for using remote sensing Avail: Issuing Activity technology for problem solving or applications context. A successful A collection of LANDSAT imagedes of Taiwan and itssurround- model for this kind of activity involves joint research with a user entity ings is presented. The coastal water depth is measured using the where the user provides a test site and ground truth and NASA LANDSAT 3 MSS imageries. Imagery interpretation methods and provides the remote sensing techniques to be tested. A.R.H. techniques include film density measurement. The LANDSAT coverage is divided into sub-regions for detailed investigation, using a N85-25358# Joint Publications Research Service, Arlington, VA. color densitometer and a scanning microdensitometar. A Correla- DETERMINING CHARACTERISTICS OF OPTICAL RADIATION tion analysis is performed. A gdd system for density measurement REFLECTORS BASED ON RESULTS OF REMOTE SENSING of LANDSAT imageries for the seas around Taiwan is presented. Abstract Only Depth of coastal water in selected study areas down to 30 meters I. F. PISAREVSKIY In its USSR Rept.: Space (JPRS-USP-85- below sea level is determined. The coastal water depth profiles and 003) p 120-121 4 Mar. 1985 Transl. into ENGLISH from Izv. sea state image interpretation are also descdbed. M.A.C. Vysshikh Uch. Zaved.: Geod. i Aerofotosyemka (USSR), no. 4, Jul.-Aug. 1984 p 93-98 N85-20776# Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales, Paris (France). Avail: CASI HC A08/MF A02 Applications Program Division The planning of spacecraft remote sensing systems for studies THE SPOT OPERATIONAL REMOTE SENSING SATELLITE of the Earth requires the study of the reflective characteristics of SYSTEM: CURRENT STATUS AND PERSPECTIVES natural objects. The problem arises of developin{] methods of G. BRACHET In AGARD Space System Applications to Tactical determining informative parameters of objects. This formula is Operations 13 p Oct. 1984 simplified if the characteristic experiment recorded is a measure of Avail: CASI HC A09/MF A02 the directional properties of reflectors. The directionality coefficient 8 EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING 43

ofthereflectorwasstudied.Itisdeterminedbyrecordingtheback Avail: CASI HC A08 reflectionindexofanobject.Aspacecraftflyingpasta reflector An international experiment was conducted for the study of illuminatesit withlaserradiationfromacontinuouslychanging natural resources by remote methods. Photography and spectrom- angle.Analgorithmispresentedforestimatingtheabsorbing etry of the republic's territory from orbit and the spectral character- propertiesofobstaclesanddeterminingthebackreflectionofthe istics of natural objects in the Shaki and Zakataly rayons and at the reflector.Theresultsofexpedmantalmeasurementsdeterminesthe Mingechaur Reservoir were recorded. The aerospace expedment parametersofsurfaceunevenness. E.A.K. was conducted at several levels, ranging from equipment inorbit and instruments on board airplanes and helicopters, to a ground-based N85-26820#JointPublicationsResearchService,Arlington,VA. automated information-and-measurement complex. The purpose of TENTHCONFERENCE OF WORKING GROUP OF SOCIALIST the project is to develop sciantific-mathodological and physical- COUNTRIES ON REMOTE SENSING OF EARTH UNDER technical bases of environmental studies from space. The informa- INTERCOSMOS PROGRAM Abstract Only tion will provide farmers with recommendations, maps and charts for V. V. YEGOROV In its USSR Rept.: Space (JPRS-USP-85- the rational use of agricultural lands, pastures and reservoirs based 004) p 81 6 May 1985 Transl. into ENGLISH from Issled. on study of mountain-meadow, forest and valley geosystems. The Zemli iz Kosmosa (Moscow), no. 6, Nov. - Dec. 1984 p 111-113 materials obtained from the manned complex, correlated with data Conf. held in Ulan-Bator, USSR, 26 Jun. - 2 Jul. 1984 from aerial photography and ground-based observations. E.A.K. Avail: CASI HC A06 Work on remote sensing of the Earth (WGRS) and the research N86-14181# Joint Publications Reseamh Service, Arlington, VA. planned for 1986-1990 was discussed. The first stage of the Black METHODS FOR COMPLEX SPACE EXPERIMENT IN USSR Sea experimant was carried out in August-September 1983. Data on FOR STUDYING LAND FROM MANNED SPACECRAFT Abstract hydrophysical, biological and optical parameters of the sea surface Only were collected from the Soyuz-7 and Meteor-Pdroda satellites, and B. V. VINOGRADOV In its USSR Rapt.: Space (JPRS-USP-85- AN-30 flying laboratory. Spectral and multilevel photographic and 005) p 118 30 Sap. 1985 Transl. into ENGLISH from Issled. biogeophysical measurements were made of soil-vegetation com- Zemli iz Kosmosa (Moscow), no. 5, Sap. - Oct. 1984 p 100-106 plexes. Surface spectrometric measurements of natural pasture Original language document announced in IAA as A85-16946 vegetation in Mongolia were supplemented by a photographic Avail: CASI HC A08 survey from the Salyut-7. A report on the Gobi-Khangay-81 experi- A combined space experiment involves use of surface, aedal ment was presented. Preparations for a multilingual terminological- and space vehicles and instrumentation. The implementation of interpretive dictionary of remote sensing terms are being completed. such an expedmant requires adherence to a number of rules relating Four main themes are emphasized: study of geosystems by remote to the comparability of data: temporal, spectral and spatial. In the methods; study of world ocean and closed water bodies with USSR such experiments have become increasingly complex and allowance for influence of atmosphere; study of geological struc- have proceeded through the following states: (1) study of space tures by remote methods; improvement of methods and instrumen- survey transfer function (geophysical experiment in 1969-Ustyurt tation for remote measurements and processing of results. Methods Plateau); (2) study of reliability and detail of recognition of natural for remote sensing in geological research was discussed. E.A.K. features from space photographs (informational axpedment in 1970- Salsk steppes); (3) study of effectiveness of special mapping, N85-32384"# National Aeronautics and Space Administration. revision of existing maps and compilation of new types of maps Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD. (mapping exparimant in 1971-Altay and Balkhash key sectors); (4) PROCESS THRESHOLDS: REPORT OF WORKING GROUP study of dynamics of natural and anthropoganic systems by succes- NUMBER 3 sive surveys for registry and prediction of changes (dynamic experi- R. S. WILLIAMS, JR. (Geological Survey, Raston, Va.) In its ment in 1978-Salsk key sector); and (5) study of rhythmic change in Global Mega-Geomorphology p 106-108 Jul. 1985 natural systems for registry of short-period changes, their prediction Avail: CASI HC A07/MF A01 and choice of optimum survey conditions (phenological experiment The Process Thresholds Working Group concerned itself with in 1981-Kyzylkum key sector). Author whether a geomorphic process to be monitored on satellite imagery must be global, regional, or local in its effect on the landscape. It was N86-14184# Joint Publications Reseamh Service, Arlington, VA. pointed out that major changes in types and magnitudes of pro- ROLE OF LANDSCAPE RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENT OF cesses operating in an area are needed to be detectable on a global SPACE METHODS FOR STUDYING EARTH Abstract Only scale. It was concluded from a review of geomorphic studies which Y. V. GLUSHKO Inits USSR Rept.: Space (JPRS-USP-85-005) used satellite images that they do record change in landscape over p 121 30 Sap. 1985 Transl. into ENGLISH from Issled. Zemli time (on a time-lapse basis) as a result of one or more processes. iz Kosmosa (Moscow), no. 5, Sap. - Oct. 1984 p 115-121 In fact, this may be one of the most important attributes of space Avail: CASI HC A08 imagery, in that one can document land form changes in the form of This is an overview of the contributions which space surveys a permanent historical record. The group also discussed the impor- are making to the development of the Earth sciences, with emphasis tant subject of the acquisition of basic data sets by different satellite on landscape (geographical-environmental) research. Space meth- imaging systems. GeomorphologistS already have available one ods are sweeping traditional methods away or are reducing them to near-global basis data set resulting from the early LANDSAT pro- a secondary role. Attention is given to 23 branches of the earth gram, especially images acquired by LANDSATs 1 and 2. Such sciences with 82 kay problems considered which can be investi- historic basic data sets can serve as a benchmark for comparison gated by remote sensing methods. The advantages of remote with landscape changes that take place in the future. They can also sensing in study of the atmosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere, serve as a benchmark for comparison with landscape changes that sociosphare and in landscape geography are discussed. A table have occurred in the past (as recorded) by images, photography and gives a detailed listing of the scientific, practical and economic maps. R.J.F. problems which can be solved by space methods. References are made to the monographs, brochures, transactions, collections of N85-33130# Joint Publications Research Service, Arlington, VA. articles and individual articles which give the best information COSMONAUTS PARTICIPATE IN MULTILEVEL REMOTE conceming different aspects of these problems. Space methods SENSING EXPERIMENT Abstract Only have already served as a basis for a number of fundamental N. BARSKIY In its USSR Rapt.: Space (JPRS-USP-84-006) p landscape investigations at a regional level. The landscape re- 23 14 Nov. 1984 Transl. into ENGLISH from Bakinskiy search method is now also being used in study of the geographical Rabochiy (Maku), 30 Aug. 1984 p 3 zonality of the world ocean. Author

9 43 EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING

N86-16696# Committee on Science andTechnology (U.S. House). faction of requirements on solar altitude in surveys of different LANDSAT COMMERCIALIZATION regions, taking their meteorological and climatic characteristics into Washington GPO 1985 84 p Hearing before the Comm. on account. For this purpose the Earth's surface, which is to be Sci. and Technol., 99th Congr., 1st Sess., No. 30, 13 Jun. 1985 photographed from a circular orbit from a satellite with a specific (GPO-49-336) inclination, is broken down into regions with characteristic climatic Avail: Subcommittee on Natural Resources, Agriculture Re- conditions. R.J.F. search and Environment and Subcommittee on Space Science and Applications Hearings were held in the U.S. House of Representatives by N86-20947# Joint Publications Research Service, Arlington, VA. the Subcommittee on Natural Resources, Agriculture Research and RESEARCH CONTRIBUTIONS IN ASTRONOMY, SATELLITE Environment, and the Subcommittee on Space Science and appli- REMOTE SENSING cation on the commercialization of the LANDSAT Program. The goal In its East Europe Report (JPRS-EER-86-007) p 152-154 17 was to establish a commercial U.S. civil operation land-observing Jan. 1986 Transl. into ENGLISH from Astronautyka (Warsaw, satellite program. E.A.K. Poland), No. 4, Apr. 1985 p 2 Avail: CASI HC A09/MF A01 Various research programs in astronomy and remote sensing N86-17815"# Murray State Univ., KY. Mid-America Remote Sens- are briefly discussed. A space probe to study Halley's Comet, ing Center. interstellar gas investigations, magnetic star studies, a spacebome DETERMINATION OF THE UTILITY OF REMOTE SENSING telescope and spacebome infrared photography are among the DATA FOR LAND USE/COVER ANALYSIS IN THE LOWER topics covered. R.J.F. APPALACHIA REGION: ASSESSING THE UTILITY OF REMOTE SENSING DATA FOR ARCHEOLOGICAL SITE RECOGNITION Final Report N86-25873*# National Academy of Sciences - National Research N. V. WEBER 15 Aug. 1983 48 p Original contains color Council, Washington, DC. imagery. Original photography may be purchased from the EROS REMOTE SENSING OF THE EARTH FROM SPACE: A Data Center, Sioux Falls, S.D. 57198 ERTS PROGRAM IN CRISIS Final Report (Contract NAS13-200) Dec. 1985 111 p Sponsored in part by National Academy of (E86-10021; NASA-CR-176435; NAS 1.26:176435) Avail: CASI Sciences - National Research Council, Washington, D.C. Pre- HC A03/MF A01 pared in cooperation with NOAA, Rockviile, Md. Thematic Mapper Simulator (TMS) data were gathered by (Contract NASW-3706; NA83DA-C-00013) NASA/ERL over a portion of the lower Ohio River and the middle (NASA-CR-176796; NAS 1.26:176796; PB86-152923) Avail: Mississippi River valleys on April 11, 1982. CIR imagery accompa- CASI HC A06/MF A02 nied the 10 and 30 meter resolution TMS data sets. This area is The present situation in earth remote sensing, determining why somewhat unique archeologically as there exists a concentration of certain problems exist, and trying to find out what can be done to sites with major features such as mounds, earthworks, and villages. solve these problems are discussed. The conclusion is that opera- It was the primary purpose of this study to determine the utility of tional remote sensing is in disarray. The difficulties involve policy TMS data in identifying signatures which are distinctly archeologi- and institutional issues. Recommendations are given. Author cal. TMS data were processed using the NASA/ERL software package El_AS. No signatures that were distinctly archeological were detected, due in large part to the complexity of the land cover and land use practices. However, as more sophisticated classifica- N86-26669"# Kansas Univ. Center for Research, Inc., Lawrence, tion techniques were employed, the classes which were related to KS. Space Technology Center. RESEARCH ON ENHANCING THE UTILIZATION OF DIGITAL archeological features were narrowed. TMS data could certainly be MULTISPECTRAL DATA AND GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION of assistance to a trained archeologist/interpreter in narrowing an area which has to be field-surveyed as anomalous features can be SYSTEMS IN GLOBAL HABITABILITY STUDIES Final Report, 1985-1986 recognized within a particular environmental context. Author E. A. MARTINKO and J. W. MERCHANT Feb. 1986 60 p Sponosred in part by the Kansas Fish and Game Commission N86-20260# Joint Publications Research Service, Arlington, VA. (Contract NGL-17-004-024) USE OF A PRIORI EVALUATION OF CONDITIONS FOR (NASA-CR-177294; NAS 1.26:177294) Avail: CASI HC A04/MF A01 OBSERVING EARTH'S SURFACE FROM SPACE FOR The University of Kansas Applied Remote Sensing (KARS) EFFECTIVE CHOICE OF TIME FOR EXECUTING SURVEY program is engaged in a continuing long term research and devel- Abstract Only opment effort designed to reveal and facilitate new applications of N. V. KAPITONOVA and Y. L. LUKASHEVICH In its USSR remote sensing technology for decision makers in governmental Report: Space (JPRS-USP-86-001) p 155 13Jan. 1986Transl. agencies and privata firms. Some objectives of the program follows. into ENGLISH from Issledovaniye Zemli iz Kosmosa (Moscow, The development of new modes of analyzing mulfispectral scanner, USSR), no. 1, Jan. - Feb. 1985 p 113-117 Original language aerial camera, thermal scanner, and radar data, singly or in concert document was announced in IAA as A85-29914 in order to more effectively use these systems. Merge data derived Avail: CASI HC A01 from remote sensing with data derived from conventional sources in Adequate study has been made of the motion of space vehicles geographic information systems to facilitate better environmental for studying the Earth's natural resources, such as the nominal planning. Stimulation of the application of the products of remote parameters of their working orbits, but a weak link which remains is sensing systems to problems of resource management and environ- the uncertainty in choice of the initial oriantafion of the orbital plane mental quality now being addressed in NASA's Global Habitability relative to the direction to the Sun. This orientation is determined by directive. The application of remote sensing techniques and analy- the angle tau = alpha-omega, where alpha is the right ascension of sis and geographic information systems technology to the solution the Sun on the initial date of the survey, omega isthe longitude of the of significant concerns of state and local officials and private ascending node of the space vehicle orbit, unambiguously related to industry. The guidance, assistance and stimulation of faculty, staff and students in the utilization of information from-the Earth Re- the illumination conditions for the Earth's surface along the flight trajectory. A method has been developed for determining a rational sources Satellite (LANDSAT) and Aircraft Programs of NASA in omega value which would make possible the most complete satis- research, education, and public service activities carried at the University of Kansas. E.R. lO EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING 43

N86-26675# Geological Survey, Reston, VA. National Mapping correlative in situ observations designed to address important, Div. interrelated global-scale processes. There is an urgent need to RESEARCH, INVESTIGATIONS AND TECHNICAL study the Earth as a complete, integrated system in order to DEVELOPMENTS: NATIONAL MAPPING PROGRAM, 1983- understand and predict changes caused by human activities and 1984 natural processes. The EOS approach is based on an information R. B. MCEWEN 1985 134 p system concept and designed to provide a long-term study of the (PB86-166097; USGS-OFR-85-304) Avail: CASI HC A07/MF Earth using a variety of measurement methods from both opera- A01 tional and research satellite payloads and continuing ground-based Subject areas covered are cartography, photogrammetry and Earth science studies. The EOS concept builds on the foundation of surveying, image mapping, remote sensing, land use and land cover the eadisr, single-discipline space missions designed for relatively mapping, and geographic information systems. The influence of short observation periods. Continued progress in our understanding digital cartographic concepts is found throughout and is leading not of the Earth as a system will come from EOS observations spanning only to the automation of map making but to the computer analysis several decades using a variety of contemporaneous measure- of spatial data, the essence of modem geographic information ments. F.M.R. systems. There are several activities of special interest. These include the 1:100,000-scale digital cartographic data base, the N88-18046"# National Aeronautics and Space Administration, LANDSAT Thematic Mapper image map of Great Salt Lake and Washington, DC. Vicinity, the successful testing of the Aedal Profiling of Terrain SPACE-BASED REMOTE SENSING OFTHE EARTH: A REPORT System, several applications of geographic information systems, TO THE CONGRESS and publication of the first chapters of the National Gazetteer of the Sep. 1987 147 p Original document contains color illustrations United States. NTIS Prepared in cooperation with National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Washington, D.C. N86-32828"# Environmental Research Inst. of Michigan, Ann (NASA-TM-89709; NAS 1.15:89709) Avail: SOD HC $9.00 as Arbor, MI. Applications Div. 033-000-00983-6; NTIS MF A01 A FUELWOOD PLANTATION SITE SELECTION PROCEDURE The commercialization of the LANDSAT Satellites, remote USING GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEM TECHNOLOGY: sensing research and development as applied to the Earth and its A CASE STUDY IN SUPPORT OF THE NASA GLOBAL atmosphere as studied by NASA and NOAh, is presented. Major HABITABILITY PROGRAM Final Report, 1 Feb. 1985 - 30 Jun. gaps in the knowledge of the Earth and its atmosphere are identified 1985 and a sedes of space based measurement objectives are dedved. N. E. G. ROLLER, J. E. COLWELL, and A. N. SELLMAN Jul. 1985 The near-tarm space observations programs of the United States 39 p and other countries are detailed. The start is presented of the (Contract NASW-3852) planning process to develop an integrated national program for (NASA-CR-179704; NAS 1.26:179704; ERIM-173900-2-F) Avail: reseamh and development in Earth remote sensing for the remain- CASI HC A03/MF A01 der of this century and the many existing and proposed satellite and A study undertaken in support of NASA's Global Habitability sensor systems that the program may include are described. Program is described. A demonstration of geographic information Author system (GIS) technology for site evaluation and selection is given. The objective was to locate potential fuelwood plantations within a N89-14481"# California Univ., Santa Barbara, CA. 50 km radius of Nairobi, Kenya. A model was developed to evaluate REMOTE SENSING INFORMATION SCIENCES RESEARCH site potential based on capability and suitability critaria and imple- GROUP Final Report, Year 5 mented using the Environmental Research Institute of Michigan's JOHN E. ESTES, TERENCE SMITH, and JEFFREY L. STAR geographic information system. Author 1 Jun. 1988 61 p (Contract NAGW-455) N86-32863"# California Univ., Santa Barbara, CA. (NASA-CR-183374; NAS 1.26:183374) Avail: CASI HC A04/MF REMOTE SENSING INFORMATION SCIENCES RESEARCH A01 GROUP, SANTA BARBARA INFORMATION SCIENCES Research conducted under this grant was used to extend and RESEARCH GROUP, YEAR 3 Final Report expand existing remote sensing activities at the University of Cali- J. E. ESTES, T. SMITH, and J. L. STAR 5 Jan. 1986 87 p fomia, Santa Barbara in the areas of georeferenced information (Contract NAGW-455) systems, matching assisted information extraction from image data (NASA-CR-179769; NAS 1.26:179769) Avail: CASI HC A05/MF and large spatial data bases, artificial intelligence, and vegetation A01 analysis and modeling. The research thrusts during the past year are Research continues to focus on improving the type, quantity, summarized. The projects are discussed in some detail. B.G. and quality of information which can be derived from remotely sensed data. The focus is on remote sensing and application for the N89o22979"# California Univ., Santa Barbara, CA. Earth Observing System (Eos) and Space Station, including asso- REMOTE SENSING INFORMATION SCIENCES RESEARCH ciated polar and co-orbiting platforms. The remote sensing research GROUP: BROWSE IN THE EOS ERA Final Report activities are being expanded, integrated, and extended into the JOHN E. ESTES and JEFFREY L. STAR 1 May 1989 155 p areas of global science, georeferanced information systems, ma- (Contract NAGW-987) chine assisted information extraction from image data, and artificial (NASA-CR-184637; NAS 1.26:184637) Avail: CASI HC A08/MF intelligence. The accomplishments in these areas are examined. A02 The problem of science data browse was examined. Given the N88-15283"# National Aeronautics and Space Administration. tremendous data volumes that are planned for future space mis- Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD. sions, particulady the Earth Observing System inthe late 1990's, the FROM PATTERN TO PROCESS: THE STRATEGY OF THE need for access to large spatial databases must be understood. EARTH OBSERVING SYSTEM: VOLUME 2: EOS SCIENCE Work was continued to refine the concept of data browse. Further, STEERING COMMITTEE REPORT software was developed to provide a testbed of the concepts, both 1987 153 p Original document contains color illustrations to locate possibly interesting data, as well as view a small portion of (NASA-TM-89702; NAS 1.15:89702) Avail: CASI HC A08/MF the data. Build II was placed on a minicomputer and a PC in the A02 laboratory, and provided accounts for use in the testbed. Consider- The Earth Observing System (EOS) represents a new ap- ation of the testbed software as an element of in-house data proach to the study of the Earth. It consists of remotely sensed and management plans was begun. Author

11 43 EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING

N89-27231# KRS Remote Sensing, Landover, MD. passes development of an integrated system to perform the tasks of STUDY FOR AN ADVANCED CIVIL EARTH REMOTE SENSING reception, production and spatial analysis. Current requirements i ¸ SYSTEM. VOLUME 1: EXECUTIVE SUMMARY concem aspects of visualization, input, storage, retrieval and ma- Aug. 1988 47 p nipulation of spatial data. A special topic formulates some guidelines (Contract MANE-8-00001) for software development. Author (PB89-163257; NOAA-NERDIS-89/05-VOL-1) Avail: CASI HC A03/MF A01; also available in set of 3 reports HC E99 as N90-26377*# Vermont Univ., Burlington, VT. Remote Sensing Presented here are the results of a comprehensive study of Applications Program. options for an Advanced Civil Earth Remote Sensing System PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS OF REMOTE SENSING (ACERSS) to follow LANDSAT 6. The study approach followed three TECHNOLOGY Final Report, 1 Jun. 1978 - 31 May 1987 basic steps: projection of worldwide market demand for raw data and ROY A. WHITMORE, JR. 1 Aug. 1990 57 p value added information products; identification of technical and (Contract NSG-7453) implementation options for satisfying this demand; and determina- (NASA-CR-186810; NAS 1.26:186810) Avail: CASI HC A04/MF A01 tion of the commercial viability of these options. Author Land managers increasingly are becoming dependent upon remote sensing and automated analysis techniques for information N89-27232# KRS Remote Sensing, Landover, MD. gathering and synthesis. Remote sensing and geographic informa- STUDY FOR AN ADVANCED CIVIL EARTH REMOTE tion system (GIS) techniques provide quick and economical infor- SENSING SYSTEM. VOLUME 2: MARKET AND FINANCIAL mation gathering for large areas. The outputs of remote sensing ASSESSMENT Final Report classification and analysis are most effective when combined with a Aug. 1988 470p total natural resources data base within the capabilities of a comput- (Contract MANE-8-00001 ) edzed GIS. Some examples are presented of the successes, as well (PB89-163265; NOAA-NESDIS-89/06-VOL-2) Avail: CASI HC as the problems, in integrating remote sensing and geographic A20/MF A04; also available in set of 3 reports HC E99 as information systems. The need to exploit remotely sensed data and The results of a comprehensive study of options for an Ad- the potential that geographic information systems offer for managing vanced Civil Earth Remote Sensing System (ACERSS) to follow and analyzing such data continues to grow. New microcomputers LANDSAT 6 are given. The study approach followed three basic with vastly enlarged memory, multi-fold increases in operating steps: projection of worldwide market demand for raw data and value speed and storage capacity that was previously available only on added information products; identification of technical and imple- mainframe computers are a reality. Improved raster GIS software mentation options for satisfying this demand; and determination of systems have been developed for these high performance micro- the commercial viability of these options. Here, market profiles for computers. Vector GIS systems previously reserved for mini and remote sensing data are given. Author mainframe systems are available to operate on these enhanced microcomputers. One of the more exciting areas that is beginning to N89-27233# Earth Satellite Corp., Chevy Chase, MD. emerge is the integration of both raster and vector formats on a AN ASSESSMENT OF INFORMATION DEMANDS FOR REMOTE single computer screen. This technology will allow satellite imagery SENSING AND GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEM or digital aedal photography to be presented as a background to a TECHNOLOGIES Final Report vector display. Author WILLIAM G. BROONER, PAUL M. MAUGHAN, and DAVID A. THIBAULT Feb. 1988 145 p N91-14634"# National Aeronautics and Space Administration. (Contract AID/PDC-1406-1-00-7070-00) Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA. (PB89-159313; AID-PN-AAZ-554) Avail: CASI HC A07/MF A02 ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY NEEDS FOR A GLOBAL CHANGE In the Fall of 1987, a research assessment of the potential SCIENCE PROGRAM: PERSPECTIVE OF THE LANGLEY benefits to the Third World of new applications of remote sensing RESEARCH CENTER and geographic based information systems (GIS) technologies was LAWRENCE F. ROWELL (National Aeronautics and Space Ad- completed. Presented here are the findings, conclusions, and rec- ministration. Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA.) and ommendations of that assessment. The principal need in the devel- THOMAS J. SWISSLER (ST Systems Corp., Hampton, VA.) oping countries is for information which will support the production Washington Jan. 1991 134 p of food and fiber. Information on current food and fiber production, (Contract RTOP 506-49-21-02) and near-term forecasts, is essential if nations are to avoid the (NASA-TM-4196; L-16705; NAS 1.15:4196) Avail: CASI HC A07/ impact of catastrophic shortages. There is an increasing recognition MF A02 by Third World countries that critical biological resources are threat- The focus of the NASA program in remote sensing is pdmadly ened by uncontrolled development and that the long-term conse- the Earth system science and the monitoring of the Earth global quences of the process may irreversibly impact both the local and changes. One of NASA's roles is the identification and development world environment. Effective development planning requires basic of advanced sensing techniques, operational spacecraft, and the maps of the physical environment, including planimetric base maps, many supporting technologies necessary to meet the stringent current and potential land use, demography, current and planned science requirements. Langley Research Center has identified the infrastructure. Author elements of itscurrent and proposed advanced technology development program that are relevant to global change science according N90-21445# Instituto de Pesquisas Espaciais, Sao Jose dos to three categories: sensors, spacecraft, and information system Campos (Brazil). Departamento de Processamento de Imagens. technologies. These technology proposals are presented as one- ANALYSIS AND MODELLING OF SPATIAL DATA PROPOSAL page synopses covedng scope, objective, approach, readiness OF A SYSTEM FOR CBERS timeline, deliverables, and estimated funding. In addition, the global DIOGENES SALAS ALVES, GILBERTO CAMARA NETO, change science requirements and their measurement histories are RICARDO CARTAXO MODESTODESOUZA, JUAN CARLOS briefly discussed. Author PINTODEGARRIDO, and FERNANDO AUGUSTA MITSUO, II Oct. 1989 8 p Presented at the 4th Simposio Latinoamericano N91-17438"# Purdue Univ., West Lafayette, IN. Lab. for Applica- sobre Sensores Remotos, Bariloche, Argentina, 20-24 Nov. 1989 tions of Remote Sensing. (INPE-4911-PRE/1512) Avail: CASI HC A02/MF A01 NASA APPLICATIONS PROJECT IN MIAMI COUNTY, INDIANA Requirements are introduced for an analysis/modeling system Progress Report of spatial information, aimed at combining remotely sensed data with CHRIS J. JOHANNSEN, R. NORBERTO FERNANDEZ, and information from other sources. The work was conceived as an aid D. FABIAN LOZANO-GARCIA Jun. 1990 62 p for INPE's CBERS Ground Applications Segment, that encom- (Contract NAGW-1472)

12 EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING 43

(NASA-CR-187916;NAS1.26:187916;LARS-CR-012391)Avail: PETER C. BISHOP Jul. 1990 131 p CASIHCA04/MFA01 (Contract NCC9-16) Thisprojectwasdesignedtoacquaintcountygovernment (NASA-CR-188238; NAS 1.26:188238) Avail: CASI HC A07/MF A02 officialsandtheirclientelewithremotesensingandgeographic The following subject areas are covered: Earth view - a guide informationsystems(GIS)productsthatcontaininformationabout to orbital remote sensing; current orbital remote sensing systems landconditionsandlanduse.Thespecificprojectobjectivesare:(1) (LANDSAT, SPOT image, MOS-1, Soviet remote sensing systems); toinvestigatethefeasibility of using remotely sensed data to identify remote sensing satellite; and remote sensing organizations. and quantify specific land cover categories and conditions for Author purposes of tax assessment, cropland area measurements, and land use evaluation; (2) to evaluate the use of remotely sensed data N91-30173# Joint Publications Research Service, Arlington, VA. to assess soil resources and conditions which affect productivity; (3) SOVIET PARTICIPATION IN FIFE-1989 REMOTE SENSING to investigate the use of satellite remote sensing data as an aid in STUDY assessing soil management practices; and (4) to evaluate the Ao M. GRIN and V. V. KOZODEROV In its JPRS Report: market potential of products derived from the above projects. Science and Technology. USSR: Space p 24-27 26 Jun. Author 1991 Transl. into ENGLISH from Priroda, Moscow (USSR), no. 12, Dec. 1990 p 60-65 N91-21623# Army Engineer Topographic Labs., Fort Balvoir, VA. Avail: CASI HC A01/MF A01 DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE TERRAIN INFORMA- In the summer of 1989, a group of Soviet specialists partici- TION EXTRACTION SYSTEM Scientific Paper, 23 - 27 Jul. pated in the FIFE-1989 field experiment. Their objective was to 1990 obtain data for the interpretation of satellite observations of the GREGORY B. DESMOND and DANIEL L. EDWARDS 4 Sap. condition of the land surface. The results of this work are presented 1990 12 p and discussed. The data obtained in the FIFE-1989 experiment (AD-A231166; ETL-R-153) Avail: CASI HC A03/MF AOl make it possible to approximate a reliable estimate of the state of the A program has been initiated for the design and development Earth's surface from remote sensing data, which is quite significant of a Terrain Information Extraction System (TIES). This is a test-bed in the organization of space monitoring. Author system which will integrate many diverse capabilities drawn from the fields of photogrammetry, remote sensing, automated cartography, N91-30588"# National Aeronautics and Space Administration, and geographic information systems; all within a distributed, digital Washington, DC. environment. TIES will be an extensible, modular system which will EARTH OBSERVATIONS AND GLOBAL CHANGE DECISION be used to develop more responsive and reliable techniques to MAKING: A SPECIAL BIBLIOGRAPHY, 1991 generate digital terrain databases. The system will provide a begin- Jun. 1991 99 p ning-to-end mapping and exploitation capability utilizing a number of (NASA-SP-7092; NAS 1.21:7092) Avail: CASI HC A05/MF A02 digital and digitized image source materials to collect data needed The first section of the bibliography contains 294 bibliographic for various military and civilian activities. These activities include citations and abstracts of relevant reports, articles, and documents wetlands delineation and water resources management. TIES is announced in 'Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports (STAR)' being developed on commercial off-the-shelf hardware, and will and 'lntsmational Aerospace Abstracts (IAA)'. These abstracts are incorporate both proprietary and public domain software. Major categorized by the following major subject divisions: aeronautics, components of the system include an image scanner, a digital stereo astronautics, chemistry and materials, engineering, geosciences, photogrammetric workstation, and a geographic information sys- life sciences, mathematical and computer sciences, physics, social tem. DTIC sciences, space sciences and general. Following the abstract section, seven indexes are provided for further assistance. N91-24055"# National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Author Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD. POTENTIAL COMMERCIAL USES OF EOS REMOTE SENSING N91-30592"# Commerce Energy NASA NLM Defense Information PRODUCTS Cataloging Committee, Oak Ridge, TN. LESLIE L. THOMPSON In NASA, Washington, Technology DATA POLICY AND AVAILABILITY SUPPORTING GLOBAL 2000, Volume 2 p 122-129 1991 CHANGE RESEARCH, DEVELOPMENT, AND DECISION- Avail: CASI HC A02/MF A03 MAKING: AN INFORMATION PERSPECTIVE The instrument complement of the Earth Observing System BONNIE C. CARROLL (Commerce Energy NASA NLM Defense (EOS) satellite system will generate data sets with potential interest Information Cataloging Committee, Oak Ridge, TN.), ROBERT F. to a variety of users who are now just beginning to develop geo- JACK (NASA Center for AeroSpace Information, Baltimore-Wash- graphic information systems tailored to their special applications ington International Airport, MD.), and GLADYS A. COTTER and/or jurisdictions. Other users may be looking for a unique product (National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Washington, that enhances competitive position. The generally distributed prod- DC.) Oct. 1990 15p ucts from EOS will require additional value added processing to (NASA-TM-105137; NAS 1.15:105137) Avail: CASI HC A03/MF A01 derive the unique products desired by specific users. Entrepreneurs An explosion of information has created a crisis for today's have an opportunity to create these proprietary level 4 products from information age. It has to be determined how to use the best the EOS data sets. Specific instruments or collections of instru- available information sources, tools, and technology. To do this it is ments could provide information for crop futures trading, mineral necessary to have leadership at the interagency level to promote a exploration, television and printed medium news products, regional coherent information policy. It is also important to find ways to and local government land management and planning, digital map educate the users of information regarding the tools available to directories, products for third world users, ocean fishing fleet prob- them. Advances in technology resulted in efforts to shift from ability of harvest forecasts, and other areas not even imagined at this Disciplinary and Mission-oriented Systems to Decision Support time. The projected level 3 product are examined that will be Systems and Personalized Information Systems. One such effort is available at launch from EOS instruments and commercial uses of being made by the Interagency Working Group on Data Manage- the data after value added processing is estimated. Author ment for Global Change (IAWGDMGC). Five federal agencies - the Department of Commerce (DOC), Department of Energy (DOE), N91-24671"# Research Inst. for Computing and Information Sys- National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), National tems, Houston, TX. Library of Medicine (NLM), and Department of Defense (DOD)- have EARTH VIEW: A BUSINESS GUIDE TO ORBITAL REMOTE an on-going cooperative information management group, CENDI SENSING (Commerce, Energy, NASA, NLM, and Defense Information), that is

13 43 EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSlNG

/ meeting the challenge of coordinating and integrating their informa- POTENTIAL Ph.D. Thesis tion management systems. Although it is beginning to be technically ANDREW SETH TRUPIN 1991 224 p feasible to have a system with text, bibliographic, and numeric data Avail: Univ. Microfilms Order No. DA9132625 online for the user to manipulate at the user's own workstation, itwill The effects of a possible global warming, in particular the rising require national recognition that the resource investment in such a sea level and melting glaciers, has been a topic of great interest. The system is worthwhile, in order to promote itsfull development. It also attempt hera is to quantify the effect these changes and long pedod requires close cooperation between the producers and users of the ocean tides have on the Earth's rotation and gravity. Global aver- information - that is, the research and policy community, and the ages of tide gauge data, after correcting for the effects of post glacial information community. National resources need to be mobilized in rebound on individual station records, reveal an increase in sea level a coordinated manner to move people into the next generation of for the years 1900-1979, of between 1.5 and 2.0 mm/yr. The global information support systems. Author response of sea level to atmospheric pressure is found to be inverted barometer at periods greater than two months. Tide gauge data are N92-15468"# National Aeronautics and Space Administration° fitted to numerically generated tidal data to show that the 18.6 year Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA. lunar nodal fide and 14.3 month pole tide have amplitudes and MICROWAVE SENSING TECHNOLOGY ISSUES RELATED TO phases that are consistent with a global equilibrium response. The A GLOBAL CHANGE TECHNOLOGY ARCHITECTURE TRADE large coherence at 437 days between pressure and sea level in the STUDY North Sea, Baltic Sea and the Gulf of Bothnia may be due to THOMAS G. CAMPBELL, JIM SHIUE, DENIS CONNOLLY, and meteorological forcing. The effects on the Earth's rotation and KEN WOO (Jet Propulsion Lab., California Inst. of Tech., Pasa- gravitational potential due to changes in annual mass balance for 85 dena.) In its Global Change Technology Architecture Trade glaciers in 13 mountain glacier systems for the years 1965-1984 are Study p 181-186 Sep. 1991 generally at or below detectable limits, but the contribution to sea Avail: CASI HC A01/MF A04 level dse for these glaciers is 0.14 mm/year. Gridded accumulation The objectives are to enable the development of lighter and data for the Antarctic ice sheet and for the Greenland ice sheet are less power consuming, high resolution microwave sensors which used along with estimates of the rate of discharge from the ice will operate at frequencies from 1 to 200 GHz. These systems will sheets to estimate the contributions these two regions make to the _i _ use large aperture antenna systems (both reflector and phased Earth's gravity and rotation. The Antarctic contribution to the gravi- arrays) capable of wide scan angle, high polarization purity, and tational signal and to the displacement of the solid earth are found utilize sidelobe suppression techniques as required. Essentially, the to be within the limits of detection by satellites. The secular trends success of this technology program will enable high resolution in the X and Y-components of observed polar motion excitation microwave radiometers from geostationary orbit, lightweight and agree well with the Antarctic contributions, for a model where the more efficient radar systems from low Earth orbit, and eliminate intedor portions of the ice sheet undergo thinning and the coastal mechanical scanning methods to the fullest extent possible; a main regions thicken. Changes in polar or glacial ice do not agree well with source of platform instability in large space systems. The Global observed changes in the length of day dudng the last 80 years. Change Technology Initiative (GCTI) will develop technology which Dissert. Abstr. will enable the use of satellite systems for Earth observations on a global scale. Author N92-30915# Indian Inst. of Tech., Bombay. Centre of Studies in Resources Engineering. N92-15476"# Joint Inst. for Advancement of Flight Sciences, GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEM AND ITS Hampton, VA. APPLICATIONS PLOTS OF GROUND COVERAGE ACHIEVEABLE BY GLOBAL P. VENKATACHALAM In its Satellite and Radar Data Use in CHANGE MONITORING INSTRUMENTS AND SPACECRAFT Rainfall-Runoff Models p 136-147 Feb. 1992 HEATHER R. KNIGHT and LYNDA FOERNSLER (Auburn Univ., Avail: CASI HC A03/MF A03 AL.) In NASA. Langley Research Center, Global Change Descdbed hera are the pdnciples behind the construction of the Technology Architecture Trade Study p 381-411 Sep. 1991 Geographic Information System (GIS), the development of a re- Avail: CASI HC A03/MF A04 gional information system as a case study, and the role of remote Low Earth Orbit (LEO) and Geosynchronous Earth Orbit (GEO) sensing data in GIS. Topics covered include data encoding, input satellite plots are given. All satellites are in an 800 km circular orbit processing, data management, data retdeval, data display, the role at an inclination of 98.6 deg (sun synchronous). Specifics of the of data models and structure, vector models, tesselafion models, instrument package are given. Additionally, the time period of the hardware configurations, and the use of GIS to assess surface plot and the percentage of the Earth covered during the time period runoff and soil erosion. Author are listed. Author N92-32590"# National Aeronautics and Space Administration. N92-23655"# Intergraph Corp., Reston, VA. International Market- Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD. ing Div. DEVELOPMENT OF A PROTOTYPE SPATIAL INFORMATION CENTER FOR MAPPING, OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY PROCESSING SYSTEM FOR HYDROLOGIC RESEARCH LOWELL STARR In NASA, Washington, Proceedings of JAYANTA K. SIRCAR Nov. 1991 52 p the Second Annual Symposium on Industrial Involvement and (Contract NAG5-1466) Successes in Commercial Space 17 p 1991 (NASA-CR-191224; NAS 1.26:191224) Avail: CASI HC A04/MF A01 Avail: CASI HC A03/MF A03 Significant advances have been made in the last decade in the There are many future opportunities for Centers for the Com- areas of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and spatial analysis mercial Development of Space (CCDS) activities that are directly technology, both in hardware and software. Science user require- linked to industry strategic objectives. In the fields of mapping, ments are so problem specific that currently no single system can remote sensing, and geographic information systems (GIS), the satisfy all of the needs. The work presented here forms part of a near term opportunities may exceed all that have occurred in the conceptual framework for an all-encompassing science-user work- past 10 years. It is strongly believed that a national spatial data station system. While definition and development of the system as infrastructure must be established inthis country, ifwe are to remain a whole will take several years, itis intended that small scale projects a leader in the information age. Author such as the current work will address some of the more short term needs. Such projects can provide a quick mechanism to integrate N92-26781 Colorado Univ., Boulder, CO. tools into the workstation environment forming a larger, more THE EFFECT OF GLOBAL CHANGE AND LONG PERIOD complete hydrologic analysis platform. Described hera are two TIDES ON THE EARTH'S ROTATION AND GRAVITATIONAL components that are very important to the practical use of remote 14 : "' : _ _!_•i_ ¸ ,,_

EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING 43

sensing and digital map data in hydrology. Described here is a tion Image Treatment System developed in the Brazilian National graph-theoretic technique to rastedze elevation contour maps. Also Space Research Institute). Transl. by FLS described is a system to manipulate synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data files and extract soil moisture data. Author N93-23239" National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Washington, DC. N93-14823 Waterloo Univ. (Ontario). BIBLIOGRAPHY OF GLOBAL CHANGE, 1992 INTEGRATING SATELLITE IMAGERY INTO A GEOGRAPHIC Feb. 1993 175 p INFORMATION SYSTEM FOR MONITORING THE DOWN- (NASA-SP-7102; NAS 1.21:7102) Avail: CASI HC A08/MF A02 STREAM IMPACTS OF DAM CONSTRUCTION ON FLOOD- This bibliography lists 585 reports, articles, and other docu- PLAIN AGRICULTURE IN SOKOTO STATE, NIGERIA Ph.D. ments introduced in the NASA Scientific and Technical Information Thesis Database in 1992. The areas covered include global change, PAUL GILLES PILON 1991 215 p decision making, earth observation (from space), forecasting, global Avail: Univ. Microfilms Order No. DANN69108 warming, policies, and trends. Derived from text In developing countries, such as Nigeda, large-scale resource development often proceeds without adequate attention being given N93-24309# California Univ., La Jolla, CA. Sea Grant Coll. to the consequential effects of development on natural resources REMOTE SENSING AND GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATIONS and the environment. In northern Nigeda, environmental change SYSTEMS: IMPLICATIONS FOR GLOBAL MARINE FISHERIES associated with the construction of two large-scale dams has had a JAMES J. SIMPSON (Scripps Institution of Oceanography, San negative impact on traditional agricultural activities in floodplain Diego, CA.) 1992 28 p areas downstream of the dams. Although the negative effects of (Contract NA89AA-D-SG-138; PROJ. A/S-3) these dams have been acknowledged by local govemment agencies (PB93-149409; T-CSGCP-025) Avail: CASI HC A03/MF A01 for some time, the exact extent, location and nature of downstream Dudng the decade of the 1990's, several major fishing coun- impacts have remained largely unknown. This can be attdbutad, in tries will launch satellites with improved, next generation ocean color part, to a faUura to acquire and examine relevant resource and sensors. This new technology, especially when combined with environmental information on the consequential effects of such satellite-based estimates of sea surface temperature and geo- large-scale development prior to project implementation. Post- graphic information systems, provides the possibility of near real- development attempts to monitor the impacts of dam construction time support for the management and utilization of both pelagic and are hampered by a lack of relevant information dascdbing pre-dam mid- to deep-water fishedas. This report reviews current state-of- and post-dam conditions, and the difficulty of comparing diverse the-art efforts in these areas, makes projections about anticipated data sourcas in such a way that they can be effectively utilized for uses of the new technologies in global madne fisheries, and evalu- integrated resource monitoring. The research reported in this thesis ates the position of the United States relative to foreign fishing utilizes satellite imagery as the primary mulfitemporal data source powers in the aforementioned areas. NTIS and incorporates this imagery with other available spatial data in a geographic database. Spatial data sets acquired for a floodplain N93-25434 California Univ., Santa Barbara, CA. area in northern Nigeria are compiled and co-ragistered using a MULTI-TEMPORAL SATELLITE IMAGE ANALYSIS FOR CROP TYDAC SPANS Geographic Information System. The data sets INVENTORIES IN THE PO RIVER VALLEY (ITALY) Ph.D. Thesis include: soil, topographic and relief information obtained from exist- DANIELE EHRLICH 1992 180 p ing maps and aerial photographs; land cover and land use informa- Avail: Univ. Microfilms Order No. DA9303185 tion; and change information dedved from multitemporal satellite This dissertation describes satellite data image processing for imagery, and questionnaire and field observation data. Comparative crop area estimation in Venato region (Italy). Several quantitative analysis of the data sets indicates that the effects of dam construc- image analysis exercises were carded out to investigate the infor- tion are not equally distributed in downstream areas. Farmers who mafion content of Landsat Thematic Mapper imagery with reference have fields adjacent to the main river courses are more likely to to the landscape of the Veneto region. These exercises include benefit positively from regulated water flow associated with dam multi-temporal image normalization, multi-temporal image classifi- construction. In areas farther from the main dver courses, where the cation of selected study sites, 'greenness' temporal profile modeling availability of water has been reduced, impacts are more detrimen- and development of an advanced agricultural information system for tal. Such information on the precise nature, magnitude and location the integration of different data types describing the landscape for an of impacts can help identify specific sites where remedial measures optimal crop area estimation. Multi-temporal image normalization such as diversion canals, new wells or the installation of pumps can was performed using the procedure which relies only on spectral be most effectively located to assist local farmers. Dissert. Abstr. information contained in satellite imagery. The procedure is extend- ible to different images and to images acquired in different growing N93-19739# Instituto de Pesquisas Espaciais, Sao Jose dos season. The procedure worked well especially for correcting sys- Campos (Brazil). tematic radiometdc variation such as offsets in radiometric calibra- UPDATING TOPOGRAPHIC MAPS USING ORBITAL IMAGES tion coefficients, sun angle differences and uniform variation in IN A MICROCOMPUTER ENVIRONMENT [ACTUALIZACION atmosphere turbidity. Multi-temporal image classification at se- DE CARTAS TOPOGRAFICAS USANDO IMAGENES lected study sites was conducted to identify pattem of crop growth ORBITALES EN UN AMBIENTE DE MICROCOMPUTADORAS] as detected from spectral imagery. Three study sites, each contain- OSCAR RICARDO VERGARA, ALEJANDRO CONTRERAS ing four annual crops under study were classified using several FRAU, and JULIA CESAR LIMA DALGE Jul. 1992 11 p In pattem recognition techniques. The image analysis revealed phe- PORTUGESE nology related spectral crop pattern which were used to separate the (INPE-5409-PRE/1756) Avail: CASI HC A03/MF A01 crop under study. Crop classification accuracies as computed in the The problem of obsolescence of topographic maps is fre- study sites yielded accuracies which range between 71 percent to 82 quently aggravated by rapidity of changes due to development of percent according to the crop and the area under investigation. some regions, with respect to the slowness of traditional updating Greenness temporal profile modeling, an image processing tech- procedures based on the use of aedal photographs. Therefore, it is nique which exploits graphical shape rather than statistical charac- of interest to study working methods which will shorten the time tadstic of the image was also attempted for an improved crop type necessary to generate an updated map, without prejudice to its classification. Temporal profile analysis provided additional infor- geometric precision. In this study, we conducted a practical applica- mation on spectral properties of crops through time:Classification tion of a topographic map updating method which incorporates TM- accuracy results obtained with temporal profile analysis resulted LANDSAT digital imagery interpretation and makes use of the being comparable to pattern recognition techniques. Finally, knowl- advantages offered by SITIM-SIG/INPE (The Geographic Informa- edge on the information content of Landsat Thematic Mapper

15 43 EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING

images combined with knowledge on the processes occurring on the statistics to images with different artificial resolutions generated landscape were combined in an image processing procedure which using better aggregation algodthms are needed in the future in order uses both image processing algorithms and geographic information to further detect the scale and resolution effects in remote sensing system operations. Image analysis has been conducted within the and Geographic Information Systems (GIS). Dissert. Abstr. framework of an advanced agricultural information system (AAIS). The AAIS is a raster based geographic information system which N94-11524# Instituto de Pasquisas Espaciais, Sao Jose dos Cam- integrates several data types including satellite imagery, analog pos (Brazil). map data and ancillary information in the form of knowledge about LANDSAT AS A COMMERCIAL ENTERPRISE M.S. Thesis the processes occurring in the landscape. The system is open to MARIA CARMEN DEMELLO LEMOS 1992 62 p new input and can continuously be updated upon the arrival of new (INPE-5477-TAE/019) Avail: CASI HC A04/MF A01 ii _ ! , information. As such AAIS is a model which quantitatively describes In 1985 the government of the United States signed a contract some important components of the agricultural system and can be with the Earth Observation Satellite Company (EOSAT) transferdng used to predict physical as well as social processes in the land- the operation and future development of the country's earth re- scape. Dissert. Abstr. sources observation system, the Landsat. The objective of this study is to discuss the commercialization of the Landsat system in N93-25615"# National Aeronautics and Space Administration. John light of its economical and political implications, mainly concerning C. Stannis Space Center, Bay Saint Louis, MS. intemational relations, secudty and the U.S. leadership in space COMMERCIAL APPLICATIONS MULTISPECTRAL SENSOR technology. The commercialization allegedly goals were mainly to SYSTEM establish a strong market for Landsat data and to cut govemmant's RONALD J. BIRK (Sverdrup Technology, inc., Bay Saint Louis, support for operations and construction costs. So far neither goal MS.) and BRUCE SPIERING In NASA, Washington, Technology was satisfactodiy met. The general conclusion of this study is that 2002: The Third National Technology Transfer Conference and the Landsat transfer to the private sector was much more motivated Exposition, Volume 1 p 515-526 Feb. 1993 Previously by budget cuts than by the real possibilities of Landsat surviving as announced in IAA as A93-28081 a pdvate enterpdse. As a consequence, the Landsat program has Avail: CASI HC A03/MF A04 been sedously threatened of termination in the past 5 years with NASA's Office of Commercial Programs is funding a multispec- dramatic political, social and economical consequences to the tral sensor system to be used in the development of remote sensing United States. Author applications. The Airborne Terrestrial Applications Sensor (ATLAS) is designed to provide versatility in acquidng spectral and spatial N94-14131# Instituto de Pesquisas Espaciais, Sao Jose dos information. The ATLAS system will be a test bed for the develop- Campos (Brazil). ment of specifications for airborne and spacebome remote sensing MULTISENSOR REMOTE SENSING DATA AND GIS instrumentation for dedicated applications. This objective requires TECHNIQUES FOR MONITORING PRESERVATION AREAS: A spectral coverage from the visible through thermal infrared wave- CASE STUDY lengths, variable spatial resolution from 2-25 meters; high geometric YOSIO EDEMIR SHIMABUKURO, DAVID CHUNG LIANG LEE, and geo-location accuracy; on-board radiometdc calibration; digital and JOAO ROBERTODOSSANTOS Jun. 1991 14 p Presented recording; and optimized performance for minimized cost, size, and at the 24th International Symposium on Remote Sensing of weight. ATLAS is scheduled to be available in 3rd quarter 1992 for Environment, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 27-31 May 1991 Previously acquisition of data for applications such as environmental monitor- announced in IAA as A92-41028 ing, facilities management, geographic information systems data (INPE-5317-PRE/1714) Avail: CASI HC A03/MF A01 base development, and mineral exploration. Author The objective is to present the capability of remote sensing and GIS techniques for detecting and monitodng the anthropic alter- N93o25707 Louisiana State Univ., Baton Rouge, LA. ations (mainly, fire action) which sometimes occur in preservation DETECTING THE SCALE AND RESOLUTION EFFECTS IN areas. For example, in the Brazil Central region occupied by sa- REMOTE SENSING AND GIS Ph.D. Thesis vanna ('cerrado'), the vegetation buming procedure is commonly CHANGYONG CAO 1992 222 p employed in the process of implantation and management of cattle Avail: Univ. Microfilms Order No. DA9302893 raising and agdcultural activities. During this annual burning pro- The relationship between resolution and fractal dimensions of cess, fires even reach the environmental protection areas such as remotely sensed images is examined. Based on the results of National Parks. The Emas National Park, located in South-wastem testing for the reliability of the algorithms on hypothetical surfaces, of Goias State, Brazil, between 52 deg 40 min W to 53 deg IO min the isadthm algodthm is selected for determining the fractal dimen- W and 17 deg 50 min S to 18 deg 25 min S, was selected as the study sions of remotely sensed images. This algorithm is then applied to area. This National Park had its area frequently bumed in the dry simulated fractal Brownian motion images and four calibrated air- season, as well as in August, 1988. In this investigation, the TM/ borne multispectral remotely sensed image data sets with different Landsat data from 29 July 1988 (before the fire) and 14 August 1988 true and artificial resolutions for Puerto Rico. The results from (after the fire) and AVHRR/NOAA data obtained in this period applying the fractal method to images at different levels of resolution covered by TM images were used for monitodng the biomass suggest that the higher the resolution of an image, the higher the burning. The TM images were registered to a topographic map in fractal dimension of the image and the more complex the image order to build a database including information such as drainage, surface. This relationship between resolution and fractal dimension roads, elevation and vegetation type for this National Park. Pixels is further vedfied by results from analysis employing the local classified as burned areas using band 3 (3.55 um to 3.93 um) of variance method for the same data sets; where it is found that the AVHRR images were ovedayed on the map dedved from the higher the resolution, the higher the local vadance or the more database. The SITIM (Image Processing System) and SGI (Geo- complex the image surface. The images with artificial resolutions graphic Information System) developed by INPE were utilized in this were found to be unrealistic in simulating images with different research. The integration of elevation, TM multitemporal data and resolutions because the aggregate method used in generating these information extracted from AVHRR images is a valuable tool for the images does not exactly simulate the sensor's response to resolu- managers to detect and evaluate the damage occurred as well as to tion changes. The aggregate method was widely used in image monitor the regeneration process of land cover. Author (revised) resampling and cautious use of this algodthm is suggested in future studies. The findings show that the fractal method is a useful tool in N94-15245" National Aeronautics and Space Administration, detecting the scale and resolution effects of remotely sensed Washington, DC. images and in evaluating the trade-offs between data volume and VIEWS FROM SPACE (Videotape) data accuracy. More studies employing fractals and other spatial Feb. 1990 Videotape: 3 min. 25 sec. playing time, in color, 16 EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING 43

withsound indication of the future, the monitodng of this landscape and its (NASA-TM-109634;NONP-NASA-VT-93-190432)Avail:CASI sensitive ecosystem is important for eady detection of regional and VHSA011BETAA22 global climate change. Author (revised) Thisdocumentshowshowviewsfrom the shuttle provide valuable information as to the condition of earth. CASI N94-20961"# National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD. N94-16914"# Jet Propulsion Lab., California Inst. of Tech., Pasa- SUNPHOTOMETER NETWORK FOR MONITORING AEROSOL dena, CA. PROPERTIES IN THE BRAZILIAN AMAZON Abstract Only A SUMMARY OF MICROWAVE REMOTE SENSING BRENT N. HOLBEN, T. F. ECK (ST Systems Corp., Greenbelt, INVESTIGATIONS PLANNED FOR BOREAS MD.), A. SETZER (Instituto de Pesquisas Espaciais, Sao Jose KYLE C. MCDONALD In its Proceedings of the Third Space- dos Campos, Brazil.), ALFREDO PEREIRA (Instituto de Pesquisas borne Imaging Radar Symposium p 415-416 28 May 1993 Espacials, Sao Jose dos Campos, Brazil.), E. VERMOTE (Mary- Sponsored in part by Energy, Mines and Resources Canada land Univ., College Park.), J. A. REAGAN (Arizona Univ., Tuc- Avail: CASI HC A01/MF A04 son.), Y. A. KAUFMAN, D. TANRE (Lille-1 Univ., Villeneuve- The Boreal Ecosystem - Atmosphere Study (BOREAS) is a d'Asoq, France.), and I. SLUTSKER (Science Systems and multidisciplinary field and remote sensing study that will be imple- Applications, Inc., Greenbelt, MD.) In INPE, The 7th Brazilian mented jointly by the United States and Canada. The goal of Remote Sensing Symposium, Volume 3 p 54-55 1993 BOREAS is to obtain an improved understanding of the interactions Avail: CASI HC A01/MF A04 between the boreal forest biome and the atmosphere in order to Satellite platforms have provided a methodology for regional cladfy their roles in global change. Specific objectives are to improve and global remote sensing of aerosols. New systems will signifi- the understanding of the processes that govern the exchanges of cantly improve that capability dudng the EOS era; however, the water, energy, heat, carbon, and trace gases between boreal voluminous 20 year record of satellite data has produced only ecosystems and the atmosphere, and to develop and validate regional snapshots of aerosol loading and have not yielded a data remote sensing algorithms for transferring the understanding of base of the optical properties of those aerosols which are fundamen- these processes from local to regional scales. Two principal field tal to our understanding of their influence on climate change. The sites, both within Canada, were selected. The northern site is prospect of fully understanding the properties of the aerosols with located near Thompson, Manitoba, and the southern site encom- respect to climate change is small without validation and augmen- passes Pdnce Albert National Park in Saskatchewan. The growing tation by ancillary ground based observations. Sun photometry was season in the northern site tends to be limited by growing-degree demonstrated to be an effective tool for ground based measure- days while the southern site is limited by soil moisture and fire ments of aerosol optical properties from fire emissions. Newer frequency. Most of the field work will occur at these two sites during technology has expanded routine sun photometer measurements to 1993 and 1994 as part of six field campaigns. The first of these spectral observations of solar aureole and almucantar allowing campaigns is scheduled for August 1993 and will involve instrumant retrievals of size distribution, scattering phase function, and refrac- installation and an operational shakedown. Three large scale Inten- tive index. A sedes of such observations were made in Brazil's sive Field Campaigns (IFC's) are scheduled for 1994, along with two Amazon basin from a network of six simultaneously recording smaller scale Focused Field Campaigns (FFC's). The first 1994 instruments deployed in Sep. 1992. The instruments were located in campaign will be an FFC designed to capture the biome under areas removed from local aerosol sources such that sites are completely frozen conditions dudng the winter. The second FFC and representative of regional aerosol conditions. The overall network the first IFC are scheduled to capture the spdng thaw pedod. was designed to cover the counter clockwise tropospheric circula- Another IFC will take place in the summer during a pedod of tion of the Amazon Basin. Spectral measurements of sun, aureole maximum water stress. Finally, the third FFC will be scheduled to and sky data for retrieval of aerosol optical thickness, particle size capture the collapse into senescence during the fall. distribution, and scattering phase function as well as measurements Author (revised) of precipitable water were made during noncloudy conditions. Author (revised) N94-16711"# Colorado Univ., Boulder, CO. Center for the Study of Earth from Space. N94-21446 Office of Technology Assessment, Washington, DC. DISCRIMINATION AMONG SEMI-ARID LANDSCAPE DATA FORMAT STANDARDS FOR CIVILIAN REMOTE ENDMEMBERS USING THE SPECTRAL ANGLE MAPPER SENSING SATELLITES (SAM) ALGORITHM May 1993 22 p Limited Reproducibility: More than 20% of this ROBERTA H. YUHAS, ALEXANDER F. H. GOETZ, and JOE W. document may be affected by microfiche quality BOARDMAN (Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research (PB93-192920) Avail: CASI HC A03 Organization, North Ryde, Australia.) In JPL, Summaries of the The Office of Technology Assessment (OTA) was asked by the Third Annual JPL Airborne Geoscience Workshop. Volume 1: Senate Armed Services Committee to investigate the plethora of AVIRIS Workshop p 147-149 1 Jun. 1992 formats for remotely sensed Earth data. At a workshop held on 2 Oct. (Contract NAGW-270) 1992, participants discussed the pros and cons of standardizing Avail: CASI HC A01/MF A02 formats for remote-sensed data, the question of how many different Airbome Visible/Infrared Imaging Spectrometer (AVIRIS) data standards are needed, with what else should remote-sensed data be were acquired during three consecutive seasons of the year (26 compatible, and who should set the standards. It was clear from the Sep. 1989, 22 Mar. 1990, and 7 Aug. 1990) over an area of the High workshop that data from different sources are largely provided in Plains east of Greeley, Colorado. This region contains extensive different formats and on different media. Moreover, formats, media, eolian deposits in the form of stabilized dune complexes (small scale and recording hardware for the same system have often changed parabolic dunes superimposed on large scale longitudinal and over time leading to situations where old data is virtually inacces- parabolic dunes). Due to the dunes' large scale (2o10 km) and low sible. Creating order out of the current chaos will be a very difficult relief (1-5 m), the scaling relationships that contribute to the evolu- proposition and is likely to cause problems for many suppliers and tion of this landscape are neady impossible to understand without users of data. Nevertheless, the payoff for doing so may be suffi- the use of remote sensing. Additionally, climate models indicate that ciently great to warrant a major effort in that direction° NTIS the High Plains could be one of the first areas to experience changes in climate caused by either global warming or cooling. During the N94-24357 Utah State Univ., Logan, LIT. Coll. of Natural Resoumes. past 10,000 years there were at least three pedods of extensive MAPPING TOMORROW'S RESOURCES: A SYMPOSIUM ON sand activity, followed by pedods of landscape stability, as shown in THE USES OF REMOTE SENSING, GEOGRAPHIC the stratigraphic record of this area. Therefore, if the past is an INFORMATION SYSTEMS (GIS), AND GLOBAL POSITIONING

17 43 EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTESENSING

SYSTEMS (GPS) FOR NATURAL RESOURCES MANAGEMENT breadth of skills. The complexity of the computations may also ALLAN FALCONER, ed. 1993 93 p Symposium held in Logan, require resources beyond those located within a single institution; UT, 23-24 Apr. 1992; sponsored by Utah State Univ., S. J. and Jesse this lack of sufficient computational resources leads to a distributed E. Quinney Foundation, the Soil Conservation Service, the Fish and system located at geographically dispersed institutions. Finally the Wildlife Service, Forest Service, and Utah Geographic Alliance Its combination of long term data sets like the Pathfinder datasets and Natural Resources and Environmental Issues, Volume 2 the data to be gathered by new generations of satellites such as (ISSN 1069-5370) SeaWiFS and MODIS-N yield extra-ordinarily large amounts of data. Copyright Avail: Issuing Activity (Quinney Library, Coll. of All of these factors combine to increase demands on the communi- Natural Resources, Utah State Univ., Logan, UT 84322-5260) cations facilities available; the demands are generating require- iiii!i The College of Natural Resources recognizes the important ments for highly flexible, high capacity networks. We have been role ithas in educating natural resources managers and leaders who examining the applicability of the Advanced Communications Tech- can provide the guidance and knowledge needed to increase the nology Satellite (ACTS) to address the scientific, computational, production of the earth's renewable resources while sustaining and and, primarily, communications questions resulting from global enhancing the global environment and the natural resource base. change research. As part of this effort three scenarios for oceano- The College's teaching, research, extension, and service efforts graphic use of ACTS have been developed; a full discussion of this focus on the many aspects of sustained multiple-natural-rasources is contained in Appendix B. Author management and their relationship to man. Through its many programs, the College of Natural Resources focuses on solving N94-29107 Rutherford Appleton Lab., ChUton (England). local, state, national, and global problems to enhance a more ROLE OF SATELLITE OBSERVATIONS OF SEA-SURFACE efficient and contemporary use of the world's natural resources. TEMPERATURE IN THE DETECTION OF GLOBAL CHANGE Natural Resources and Environmental Issues (NREI) which began M. R. ALLEN 28 Nov. 1993 51 p publication in 1993, is a technical sedes that addresses current (PB94-138120; RAL-93-095) Avail: Issuing Activity (National topics relevant to natural resources and to the environment. The Technical Information Service (NTIS)) joumal is published as a series of volumes, with at least one being The report presents the scientific case for the development of issued each year as the proceedings of the Natural Resources Week a 10-12 year data-set of consistent, accurate, global observations of Symposium. In the issue on Mapping Tommorrow's Resources, the sea surface temperature (SST) from the Along-Track Scanning following topics are discussed: Natural Resource Information from Radiometer (ATSR) and its successors, the ATSR-2 and AATSR. Monopoly to Competition; Global Resources and Mission to Planet The case focuses on the role such data will play in detecting and Earth; Geographic Information Systems (GIS) Systems and Data quantifying evidence for anthropogenic climatic change. Four key Management for Global Data Sets in Natural Resources; the Global areas in which data from the ATSR series can play a useful role are Resource Information Database; Overview of GIS Technology in identified. They are: providing high spatial and temporal resolution Utah State Government; Politically Correct Global Mapping and data for the validation of climate models; providing independent Monitoring; Integrating Satellite Imagery and GIS into Natural Re- corroboration of in situ observations of SST; providing direct evi- sources Management; Forest Service Applications of Remote Sens- dence of global changes taking place; and allowing the detection of ing and the National Training Program; the Position of the Global global pattems of change extending into the Southem Hemisphere Positioning System (GPS) in Wildlife and Habitat Mapping; and the extra-tropical regions. NTIS Bureau of Land Management's (BLM's) Remote Sensing Program in Utah. Derived from text N94-31068 Office of Technology Assessment, Washington, DC. GLOBAL CHANGE RESEARCH AND NASA'S EARTH N94-25656# ArmyTopographic Engineering Center, Fort Belvoir, VA. OBSERVING SYSTEM Background Paper THE POTENTIAL FOR THE DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE TO Nov. 1993 56 p See also PB93-231322, PB94-134640 and USE SPACE-BASED REMOTE SENSING TO SUPPORT DOD PB94-134657 Limited Reproducibility: More than 20% of this AND OTHER GOVERNMENT AGENCIES' ENVIRONMENTAL document may be affected by microfiche quality PROGRAMS (PB94-126992; OTA-BP-ISC-122) Avail: CASI HC A04 DONALD R. ARTIS, JR. Dec. 1993 11 p The United States is spending billions of dollars in a multiyear (AD-A273895; TEC-R-198) Avail: CASI HC A03/MF A01 Global Change Research Program (the USGCRP) to monitor, un- This paper describes the potential for the Department of derstand, and ultimately predict the nature of global changes and the Defense (DoD) to support other Govemment agencies in the man- mechanisms that cause them. The background report examines the agement of national and worldwide environmental programs while direction and scope of USGCRP and its most expensive component, continuing to conduct the traditional role of DoD as the military arm NASA's Earth Observing System (EOS) of satellites. In particular, it of the Federal Government. The DOD space-based remote sensing examines how well USGCRP and EOS are fulfilling their scientific program must complement other programs, rather than replace or objectives, whether some program elements are missing or need to duplicate those programs. This may include defense-relatod remote be strengthened, and whether the program is meeting the needs of sensing applying technologies to civil applications and environmen- policymakers. The background paper describes the number of tal functions and ecological information needs; using DoD sensors suggestions to improve the value of the USGCRP to both scientists. for civil applications; and expanding the role of the Environmental and policymakers. The background paper also explicates the Task Force (ETF). DTIC continuing debate over whether the sensors and satellites planned by USGCRP: (1) will be able to acquire data in sufficient detail to N94-26236"# Miami Univ., FL. elucidate the mechanisms responsible for global change; and (2) are REMOTE EARTH SCIENCES DATA COLLECTION USING ACTS appropriate for long-term monitoring of key indices of global change. Final Report NTIS ROBERT H. EVANS Oct. 1992 34 p (Contract NAGW-2330) N94-32465"# National Aeronautics and Space Administration. John (NASA-CR-195227; NAS 1.26:195227) Avail: CASI HC A03/MF A01 C. Stennis Space Center, Bay Saint Louis, MS. Given the focus on global change and the attendant scope of REMOTE SENSING FOR URBAN PLANNING such research, we anticipate significant growth of requirements for BRUCE A. DAVIS, NICHOLAS SCHMIDT, JOHN R. JENSEN, investigator interaction, processing system capabilities, and avail- DAVE J. COWEN, JOANNE HALLS, SUNIL NARUMALANI, and ability of data sets. The increased complexity of global processes BRYAN BURGESS In NASA, Washington, Technology 2003: requires interdisciplinary teams to address them; the investigators The Fourth National Technology Transfer Conference and Expo- will need to interact on a regular basis; however, it is unlikely that a sition, Volume 2 p 389-393 Feb. 1994 single institution will house sufficient investigators with the required Avail: CASI HC A01/MF A04

18 EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING 43

Utility companies are challenged to provide services to a highly (Pennsylvania State Univ., State College.), GETULIO BATISTA dynamic customer base. With factory closures and shifts in employ- (Instituto de Pesquisas Espaciais, Sao Jose dos Campos, Brazil.), ment becoming a routine occurrence, the utility industry must PETER BREWER (Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Inst., Pacific develop new techniques to maintain records and plan for expected Grove, CA.), WILLIAM GROSE, GRAHAM HARRIS, DENNIS growth. BellSouth Telecommunications, the largest of the Bell HARTMANN, WILLIAM LAU, JOHN LEMARSHALL et al. 17 Dec. telephone companies, currently serves over 13 million residences 1993 99 p Panel held in Hemdon, VA, 4-6 Oct. 1993 Prepared in and 2 million commercial customers. Tracking the movement of cooperation with New Hampshire Univ., Durham; California Univ., i_!ilil_i. customers and scheduling the delivery of service are major tasks for Santa Barbara, CA; Pennsylvania State Univ., State College; INPE, Be,South that require intensive manpower and sophisticated infor- San Jose dos Campos, Brazil; Monterey Bay Aquarium Research iiil/ I mation management techniques. Through NASA's Commercial Inst., Pacific Grove, CA; CSIRO, Canberra, Australia; Washington Remote Sensing Program Office, BellSouth is investigating the Univ., Seattle; NASA. Goddard Research Center; and Bureau of utility of remote sensing and geographic information system tech- Meteorology, Melbourne, Australia niques to forecast residential development. This paper highlights the (NASA-TM-109847; NAS 1.15:109847) Avail: CASI HC A05/MF A02 initial results of this project, which indicate a high correlation The Payload Advisory Panel of the Investigators Working between the U.S. Bureau of Census block group statistics and Group (IWG) for the Earth Observing System (EOS) met 4 to 6 statistics dedved from remote sensing data. Author October 1993 in Hemdon, Virginia. The Panel, originally composed of the Interdisciplinary Science Principal Investigators, was ex- N94-32466"# National Aeronautics and Space Administration. John panded to include all Principal Investigators and as such is now the C. Stennis Space Center, Bay Saint Louis, MS. IWG itself. The meeting also addressed directly a report from the REMOTE SENSING AND THE MISSISSIPPI NIGH ACCURACY EOS Data and Information System (EOSDIS) Advisory Panel. The REFERENCE NETWORK meeting focused on payload issues in the years 2000 to 2005; MARK MICK, TIMOTHY M. ALEXANDER, and STAN WOOLLEY however, some subjects in the nearer-term, most significantly In NASA, Washington, Technology 2003: The Fourth National EOSDIS, were considered. The overarching theme of convergence Technology Transfer Conference and Exposition, Volume 2 p in Earth observations set a backdrop for the entire meeting. Other 394-403 Feb. 1994 themes included: atmospheric chemistry; remote sensing of the Avail: CASI HC A02/MF A04 global cycles of energy, water, and carbon in EOS; ocean and land- Since 1986, NASA's Commercial Remote Sensing Program ice altimetry; and the EOSDIS. The Totol Solar Irradiance Monitoring (CRSP) at Stennis Space Center has supported commercial remote Report and results from the Accelerated Canopy Chemistry Pro. sensing partnerships with industry. CRSP's mission is to maximize gram are included as appendices. Dedved from text U.S. market exploitation of remote sensing and related space-based technologies and to develop advanced technical solutions for spatial N83-70161 Institut Geographique National, Paris (France). information requirements. Observation, geolocation, and communi- SPACE IMAGERY PROCESSING: METHODS AND cations technologies are converging and their integration is critical APPLICATIONS AT THE I.G.N. - FRANCE to realize the economic potential for spatial informational needs. J. DENEGRE, J.C. LUMMAUX, and J. POULAIN 1981 7 p In Global positioning system (GPS) technology enables a virtual revo- FRENCH; ENGLISH summary Presented at the Dixieme Conf. lution in geopositionally accurate remote sensing of the earth. A Intern. de I'Association Cartographique Intern., Tokyo, 25 majority of states are creating GPS-based reference networks, or Aug.- 1Sep. 1980 Original document contains color illustrations high accuracy reference networks (HARN). A HARN can be defined for a variety of local applications and tied to aerial or satellite N84-74448 European Space Research Organization, Paris observations to provide an important contribution to geographic (France). information systems (GIS). This paper details CRSP's experience in UTILISATION OF SPACELAB FOR REMOTE SENSING OF the design and implementation of a HARN in Mississippi and the EARTH RESOURCES design and support of future applications of integrated earth obser- 1974 72 p Presented at the Appl. Summer Study of the National vations, geolocation, and communications technology. Academy of Engineering, Snowmass, Colo., 30 Jun. - 13 Jul. Author (revised) 1974 refs

N94-33598" Jet Propulsion Lab., California Inst. of Tech., Pasa- N84-74962" National Conference of State Legislatures, Denver, dena, CA. CO. A COLLECTION OF THE MOVIES (Videotape) HIGHLIGHTS OF TNE NATIONAL CONFERENCE OF STATE 28 Mar. 1991 Videotape: 21 min. 52 sec. playing time, in color, LEGISLATURES: LEGISLATIVE WORKSHOP ON STATE USES with sound OF SATELLITE REMOTE SENSING NO. 3 Summary Report (NASA-TM-109806; NONP-NASA-VT-94-12934) Avail: CASI 21 Oct. 1977 84 p Conf. held at Clayton, Missouri, 20-21 Oct. VHS A01/BETA A22 1977 Sponsored by NASA refs This video contains computar-generated animation made from (NASA-CR-173790; NAS 1.26:173790) Avail: CASI HC A05 still data sets processed by computer to give the illusion of flying around the objects. 'Earth the Movie' uses cloud data from satellites N85-73372" Washington Univ., Saint Louis, MO. Center for Devel- and geographical data from maps. 'LA the Movie' was taken from opment Technology. Landsat data of the Los Angeles area. This was the first experimen- PROGRAM ON EARTH OBSERVATION DATA MANAGEMENT tal demonstration of the technology. 'Mars the Movie' was taken from SYSTEMS (EODMS) Quarterly Status and Technical Progress Viking orbiter data. 'Miranda' the Movie was made from a mosaic of Report, 22 Aug. - 21 Nov. 1975 9 frames taken by Voyager of the Uranium moon, Miranda. The last L. F. EASTWOOD, JR., J. K. GOHAGAN, C. T. HILL, R. P. movie is 'Monterey the Bay'. CASI MORGAN, S. M. BAY, T. K. FOUTCH, T.R. HAYS, R. J. BALLARD., and M. A. POWER 1975 33 p refs N94-34018"# National Aeronautics and Space Administration. (Contract NAS5-20680) Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA. (NASA-CR-175990; NAS 1.26:175990) Avail: CASI HC A03 THE PAYLOAD ADVISORY PANEL AND THE DATA AND INFORMATION SYSTEM ADVISORY PANEL OF THE N85-73373" Washington Univ., Saint Louis, MO. Center for Devel- INVESTIGATORS WORKING GROUP OF THE EARTH opment Technology. OBSERVING SYSTEM: A JOINT REPORT PROGRAM ON EARTH OBSERVATION DATA MANAGEMENT BERRIEN MOORE, III (New Hampshire Univ., Durham.), JEFF SYSTEMS (EODMS) Quarterly Status and Technical Progress DOZIER (California Univ., Santa Barbara.), ERIC J. BARRON Report, 22 May - 21 Aug. 1975

19 • ,(-

43 EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING

L. F. EASTWOOD, JR., J. K. GOHAGAN, C. T. HILL, R. P. THE EARTH OBSERVING SYSTEM MORGAN, S. M. BAY, T. K. FOUTCH, T.R. HAYS, G. T. 1991 40 p Original contains color illustrations OSNER, and M. A. POWER 1975 102 p refs (NASA-TM-102942; NAS 1.15:102942) Avail: CASI HC A03; 21 (Contract NAS5-20680) functional color pages (NASA-CR-175993; NAS 1.26:175993) Avail: CASI HC A06 ;!'ki___ N93-72477"# National Academy of Sciences - National Research N85-73661" Washington Univ., Saint Louis, MO. Center for Devel- Council, Washington, DC. Space Studies Board. opment Technology. ASSESSMENT OF SATELLITE EARTH OBSERVATION PROGRAM ON EARTH OBSERVATION DATA MANAGEMENT PROGRAMS /!_i:ii7_' SYSTEMS (EODMS). PRELIMINARY NEEDS ANALYSIS 1991 76 p REPORT, PART 2 Report. 1 Jun. 1975 - 31 Dec. 1975 (Contract NASW-4102) L. F. EASTWOOD, JR., J. K. GOHAGAN, C. T. HILL, R. P. (NASA-CR-193279; NAS 1.26:193279) Avail: CASI HC A05/MF A01 MORGAN, S. M. BAY, T. K. FOUTCH, T.R. HAYS, P. H. During the past decade, the Space Studies Board, its Commit- ROYSE, R. J. BALLARD, K. P. MAKIN et al. 31 Dec. 1975 tee on Earth Studies (CES), and other bodies of the National 312 p refs 3 Vol. Research Council have provided the federal government with a (Contract NAS5-20680) substantial body of advice on the study of the Earth from space. (NASA-CR-175973; NAS 1.26:175973) Avail: CASI HC A14 Together, these documents have contained an overall strategy for science and applications using Earth observation spacecraft and N85-73662 ° Washington Univ., Saint Louis, MO. Center for Devel- have established a set of specific recommendations for implemen- opment Technology. tation of the strategic advice. This report assesses the status of the PROGRAM ON EARTH OBSERVATION DATA MANAGEMENT nation's civil Earth observation programs in relation to this existing SYSTEMS (EODMS). PRELIMINARY NEEDS ANALYSIS body of advice and provides additional advice on how to address the REPORT Summary Report unfulfilled objectives and recommendations in the current scientific L. F. EASTWOOD, JR., J. K. GOHAGAN, C. T. HILL, R. P. and programmatic context. Specifically, the report reviews the MORGAN, S. M. BAY, T. K. FOUTCH, T.R. HAYS, P. H. content of the satellite Earth observation programs of the National ROYSE, R. J. BALLARD, K. P. MAKIN etal. 17 Feb. 1976 43 p Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), the National Oce- (Contract NAS5-20680) anic and Atmosphedc Administration (NOAA), and the Landsat (NASA-CR-175981; NAS 1.26:175981) Avail: CASI HC A03 system operated by the Earth Observation Satellite (EOSAT) Com- pany as of the spdng of 1991. The NASA programs are within the N85-73664" Washington Univ., Saint Louis, MO. Center for Devel- agency's Mission to Planet Earth initiative, which includes the Earth opment Technology. Observing System (EOS) and its related data and information PROGRAM ON EARTH OBSERVATION DATA MANAGEMENT system, the Earth Probe small- and moderate-size mission line, and SYSTEMS (EODMS). PRELIMINARY NEEDS ANALYSIS a number of 'precursor' missions such as the Upper Atmosphere REPORT, PART 3 Report. 1 Jun. 1974 - 31 Dec. 1975 Research Satellite (UARS) and the Ocean Topography Expedment L. F. EASTWOOD, JR., J. K. GOHAGAN, C. T. HILL, R. P. (TOPEX/Poseidon). The NOAA programs include the two meteoro- MORGAN, S. M. BAY, T. K. FOUTCH, T.R. HAYS, P. H. logical satellite sedes, the Polar-Orbiting Operational Environmen- ROYSE, R. J. BALLARD, K. P. MAKIN et al. 31 Dec. 1975 tal Satellites (POES), and the Geostationary Operational 198p refs 3Vol. Environmental Satellites (GOES). Also considered in this assess- (Contract NAS5-20680) ment are some of the Defense Department's operational and exped- (NASA-CR-175991; NAS 1.26:175991) Avail: CASI HC A09 mental spacecraft, including the Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP), the Global positioning system, and the completed N86-71872" Lockheed Electronics Co., Houston, TX. Geosat mission. Finally, because the US programs should be A DETAILED PROCEDURE FOR THE USE OF SMALL SCALE viewed in the broader intemational context, the expedmental, opera- PHOTOGRAPHY IN LAND USE CLASSIFICATION tional, and commedcal satellite programs of other countdes are also P. L. VEGAS, G. SHELTON, L. W. ERICKSON, P. DAVIS, B. E. discussed bdefly. Dedved from text ARTHUR, and G. HAMPTON 1986 52 p (Contract NAS9-11584) N94-70142"# National Aeronautics and Space Administration, (NASA-CR-176668; NAS 1.26:176668; ERL-031) Avail: CASI Washington, DC. HC A04 LINKING REMOTE-SENSING TECHNOLOGY AND GLOBAL NEEDS: A STRATEGIC VISION N90-70417 National Space Development Agency, Saitama Jun. 1987 90 p Original contains color illustrations (Japan). Earth Observation Center. (NASA-TM-109214; NAS 1.15:109214) Avail: CASI HC A05/MF PROCESSING AND ANAYLSlS EVALUATION OF SAR-580 A01; 8 functional color pages DATA AND MOS-1 AIRBORNE VERIFICATION DATA The Applications Working group reports on the proposed KOREHIRO MAEDA 5 Jun. 1986 38 p In JAPANESE; Applications Strategy. The strategy fosters and encourages use of ENGLISH summary Presented at NASDA's 2nd Technical space data to resolve a myriad of practical problems affecting Symposium, Tokyo, Japan, 5 Jun. 1986 mankind's survival on Earth, as well as to provide help with the daily (NASDA-CP-03-8; JTN-88-80013) Avail: CASI HC A03 decisions affecting individuals' livelihood in many fields. The overall goal of the Working Group is to develop and demonstrate, by the end N90-70833" National Aeronautics and Space Administratoin, Wash- of the next decade, integrated information systems that will allow ington, DC. pdvate industry, operational agencies, and scientific research com- LINKING REMOTE-SENSING TECHNOLOGY AND GLOBAL munities to exploit effectively the data taken by Earth-observing NEEDS: A STRATEGIC VISION Executive Summery satellites. The objectives include renewable land resources, renew- Apr. 1987 31 p Limited Reproducibility: More than 20% of this able forest resources, nonrenewable strategic resources, and ocean/ document may be affected by color photographs Original atmosphere objectives that are designed to provide advances in contains color illustrations long-range weather and short-range climate forecasting capability. (NASA-TM-101849; NAS 1.15:101849) Avail: CASI HC A03; 22 The key to major advances in the application of remote sensing isthe functional color pages information system. The information system and usef requirements determine the transfer of technology to achieve the Working Group's N91-70662"# National Aeronautics and Space Administration, goal. The objectives and the information system architecture are Washington, DC. detailed in this report. Derived from text 20 ENVIRONMENT POLLUTION 45

N94-71229"# Mississippi Univ., University, MS. Dept. of Sociology cooperative programs of observation, modeling, and process stud- and Anthropology. ies with organized opportunities for joint discussion and interpreta- SETTLEMENT PATTERNS, GIS, REMOTE SENSING, AND THE tion. Itwould lean on spacebome observations for global perspective, LATE PREHISTORY OF THE BLACK PRAIRIE IN EAST but it is not a space program, for the preponderance of needed CENTRAL MISSISSIPPI science would deal with processes of change, and vast majority of JAY K. JOHNSON In NASA. Stennis Space Canter, Applicaitons necessary measurements would need be made on the ground and of Space-Age Technology in Anthropology p 111-120 1 May on the oceans, from within the habitat of life. As an intemational 1991 Sponsored by National Geographic Society and National program it would stand as a separate, focused endeavor that Endowment for the Humanities interacts with related, disciplinary programs to increase their effec- Avail: CASI HC A02/MF A03; 20 functional color pages tiveness but without attempting to subsume them or to dictate their Data recovered as the result of a recent field project designed goals. DO E to test a model of the distribution of protohistoric settlement in an unusual physiographic zone in eastern Mississippi are examined N88-19021# International Council of Scientific Unions, Paris using GIS based techniques to manipulate soil and stream distance (France). 'i information. Significant patteming is derived. The generally thin INTERNATIONAL GEOSPHERE-BIOSPHERE PROGRAM: A soils and uniform substratum of the Black Prairie in combination with STUDY OF GLOBAL CHANGE Final Report a distinctive settlement pattem offer a promising opportunity for the 4 Aug. 1986 27 p " _i_ search for site specific characteristics within airbome imagery. (PB88-142393) Avail: CASI HC A03/MF A01 Landsat TM data provide information on modem ground cover which A better understanding of the Earth and its immediate environ- is used as a mask to select areas in which a multivariate search for ment is essential if the ability to detect and to respond to warnings r/ archaeological site signatures within a TIMS image is most likely to of significant global change are to be improved. Although the world prove fruitful Author community of scientists has in the last 30 years successfully completed a wide range of intemational programs. The program will be tightly focused, with emphasis on interactive processes that are not addressed by other existing programs. Topics suggested for 45 early emphasis in the IGBP include: studies of biogeochemical ENVIRONMENT POLLUTION cycles; studies of the ocean euphotic zone; studies of soil dynamics and soil chemistry; and studies of variable solar inputs to the Earth. Emphasis is also put on the need for development of an adequate Includes atmospheric, noise, thermal, and water pollution. global data and information system, that must be an integral part of the program. NTIS N84-16656"# Jet Propulsion Lab., California Inst. of Tech., Pasa- dena, CA. N88-27650"# National Aeronautics and Space Administration. GLOBAL CHANGE: A BIOGEOCHEMICAL PERSPECTIVE Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD. M. MCELROY 15 Jul. 1983 39 p Workshop held at Cambridge, THE DETECTION AND INTERPRETATION OF LONG-TERM Mass. and Pasadena, Calif., Jan. and Feb. 1983 Prepared in CHANGES IN OZONE FROM SPACE cooperation with Harvard Univ. refs JOHN E. FREDERICK (Chicago Univ., IL.), XUFENG NIU (Chi- (Contract NAS7-918; RTOP 188-41-57-02) cago Univ., Ill.), and ERNEST HILSENRATH 1988 10 p (NASA-CR-173210; JPL-PUB-83-51; NAS 1.26:173210) Avail: (Contract NAG5-873) CASI HC A03/MF A01 (NASA-TM-101135; NAS 1.15:101135) Avail: CASI HC A02/MF A0t A research program that is designed to enhance our under- Long-term measurements of backscattered ultraviolet radi- standing of the Earth as the support system for life is described. The ances, now being acquired by orbiting monochromators, will provide program change, both natural and anthropogenic, that might affect the basis for seeking trends in atmospheric ozone. The unambigu- the habitability of the planet on a time scale roughly equal to that of ous detection of ozone trends on decadal time scales demands a a human life is studied. On this time scale the atmosphere, bio- data set that is essentially free of instrument ddfts. Periodic flights sphere, and upper ocean are treated as a single coupled system. of an ultraviolet monochromator on the space shuttle will provide an The need for understanding the processes affecting the distribution independent means of evaluating the long-term stability of identical of essential nutrients---carbon, nitrogen, phosphorous, sulfur, and instruments operating on free-flying satellites. A successful calibra- water--within this coupled system is examined. The importance of tion of the free-flying sensors using the shuttle instrument places subtle interactions among chemical, biological, and physical effects stdct demands on calibration repeatability from one flight to the next. is emphasized. The specific objectives are to define the present In addition, spatial and temporal variability in cloud cover could pose state of the planetary life-support system; to ellucidate the undedy- further complications in carrying out these in-flight calibrations. ing physical, chemical, and biological controls; and to provide the Author body of knowledge required to assess changes that might impact the future habitability of the Earth. Author N90-12980"# National Academy of Sciences - National Research Council, Washington, DC. Committee on Global Change. N87-22313# National Academy of Sciences - National Research TOWARD AN UNDERSTANDING OF GLOBAL CHANGE: Council, Washington, DCo US Committee for an International INITIAL PRIORITIES FOR US CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE Geosphere-Biosphere Program. INTERNATIONAL GEOSPHERE-BIOSPHERE PROGRAM Final GLOBAL CHANGE IN THE GEOSPHERE-BIOSPHERE: Report PRIORITIES FOR AN IGBP (INTERNATIONAL GEOSPHERE- Dec. 1988 226 p Sponsored by NASA, Washington, DC; NOAA, BIOSPHERE PROGRAM) Final Report Rockville, MD and Geological Survey, Reston, VA 1986 103 p (Contract NSF OCE°87-13699) (Contract DE-FG05-84ER-60277) (NASA-CR-185873; NAS 1.26:185873; PB89-231344) Avail: (DE87-005034; DOE/ER-60277/T1) Avail: CASI HCA06/MFA02 CASI HC A11/MF A03 A program is defined that would attempt to understand the A limited number of high-priority research initiatives are recom- workings of the Earth and the living organisms on it as a coupled mended for early implementation as part of the U.S. contribution to system - a challenge in science that holds the promise of elucidating the preparatory phase of the International Geosphere-Biosphere many of the global concems of the present day. It would require the Program. The recommendations are based on the committee's participation of many nations and draw upon the efforts of many analysis of the most cdtical gaps in the scientific knowledge needed fields of science. It would be made up of an array of planned, to understand the changes that are occurring in the earth system not

21 45 ENVIRONMENT POLLUTION

i : _ being addressed by existing programs. The report articulates a vegetation to rising concentrations of CO2 and climate change. The number of important key issues and interactions that characterize Carbon Dioxide Research Program's goal is to develop sound global change in the geosphere-biosphere system on time scales of scientific information for policy formation and govemmantal action in decades to centuries; identifies the knowledge that is the most response to changes of atmospheric CO2. Dudng this year, the ._i_ _. urgently needed to improve understanding of those issues and Program was moved into the Office of Health and Environmental interactions; and formulates initial priorities for initial U.S. contdbu- Research and was combined with other atmospheric research tions to the IGBP, recognizing the contributions of other ongoing and activities. The work is now administered by the Atmosphere and • _, ,r proposed programs. Author Climate Research Division (ACRD). In addition to supporting core CO2 research and developing a program around the new initiatives, N90-12981# Systems Applications, Inc., San Rafael, CA. ACRD is responsible for atmosphedc science and climate. Its scope SENSITIVITY OF A REGIONAL OXIDANT MODEL TO includes atmospheric chemistry, numerical modeling, laboratory VARIATIONS IN CLIMATE PARAMETERS, VOLUME 1 AND 2 studies, and field experiments• This Program Summary describes Final Report projects funded by the Carbon Dioxide Research Program during FY R. E. MORRIS, M. W. GERY, M. K. LIU, G. E. MOORE, C. 1989 and gives a bdef overview of the objectives, organization, and DALEY, and S• M. GREENFIELD Jul• 1989 149 p Sponsored accomplishments of that research. DOE ?i:? i by EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC (PB89-224943; EPA/600/3-89/068-VOL-1/2) Avail: CASI HC N90-14724# Argonne National Lab., IL. A07/MF A02 US ENERGY USE: NEW TECHNOLOGIES AND POLICIES IN In order to investigate the sensitivity of ozone concentrations to RESPONSE TO GLOBAL WARMING future climate variations, a regional oxidant model was applied for D. G. STREETS, C. N. BLOYD, and D. M. KENSKI Jun. 1989 future climate scenarios to two regions: one covering central Califor- 39 p Presented at the Conference on Responding to the Threat nia (San Joaquin Valley, Sierra Nevada mountains and the San of Global Warming: Options for the Pacific and Asia, Honolulu, HI, Francisco Bay Area) and the other covedng the midwestem and 21-27 Jun. 1989 southeastem United States• Based on model calculations, the (Contract W-31-109-ENG-38) effects of increased temperature on ambient ozone concentrations (DE90-002170; CONF-8906244-1) Avail: CASI HC A03/MF A01 results in an increase of the area of exceedances of the ozone air Energy use and production accounts for by far the largest quality standard, a movement of the peak ozone concentration portion of emissions of greenhouse gases in the United States and closer to the urban areas, and the resultant increase in the exposure the wodd. The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has of people to harmful levels of ozone concentrations. The calcula- estimated that, woddwide, these activities were responsible for 57 tions for California indicate that the maximum daily ozone concen- percent of greenhouse warming in the 1980s. Other activities and trations may increase from 2 to 20 percent and the number of people their respective contributions include agriculture, 14 percent; land exposed to hourly ozone concentrations in excess of the air quality use and modification, 9 percent; chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) use, 17 standard may triple as a result of a temperature increase. Similar, percent; and other (nonenergy) industry, 3 percent. Given this although less dramatic, results were seen for the midwestem and importance of energy activities, it is appropriate that efforts to southeastem applications• NTIS forestall global warming have focused on these activities• Because the United States consumes the largest share of world energy and N90-14715# Lawrence Livermore National Lab., Livermore, CA. thus produces the largest share of greenhouse gas emissions, it is Atmospheric and Geophysical Sciences Div. the target of many such efforts. A number of U.S. government CLIMATE PROJECTIONS WITH REGIONAL RESOLUTION responses to global warming have been proposed or are now under MICHAEL C. MACCRACKEN Aug. 1989 15 p way. For example, the 101st Congress has seen 11 bills dealing with (Contract W-7405-ENG-48) global warming issues; a research program on climate change has (DE90-000858; UCID-21769) Avail: CASI HC A03/MF A01 been promised $190 million for 1990; and the United States has The increasing atmosphedc concentrations of carbon dioxide signed the Montreal Protocol to control CFCs. U.S. energy and and other radiatively active gases will enhance the ability of the related emissions of greenhouse gases is discussed. Energy use in atmosphere to trap infrared radiation and thereby lead to warming of each sector is briefly characterized and several new technologies for the climate. Numerical models suggest that the global average energy use in that sector are described. Finally, national and state surface air temperature can be expected to increase a few degrees policies that offer potential to reduce energy use are discussed. This during the twenty-first century. This estimate is probably uncertain discussion is limited by space considerations to only a sampling of by a factor of at least two. The uncertainties in estimates of regional the many technologies under development and policy options that changes of temperature and precipitation are even greater. Despite have been proposed. DOE these uncertainties, there is broad agreement that the persistence of such changes would be unprecedented in historical times• N90-15540# Oak Ridge National Lab.,TN. Environment Sciences DOE Div. GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE AND NEPA (NATIONAL N90-14723# Department of Energy, Washington, DC. Office of ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY ACT) ANALYSES Health and Environmental Research. ROBERT M. CUSHMAN, DONALD B. HUNSAKER, JR., MARTHA CARBON DIOXIDE AND CLIMATE: SUMMARIES OF S. SALK, and ROBERT M. REED 1989 25 p Presented atthe RESEARCH IN FY 1989 The Scientific Challenge of NEPA: Future Directions Based on 20 Oct. 1989 87p Years of Experience, Knoxville, TN, 24-27 Oct• 1989 (DE90-001791; DOE/ER-0425) Avail: CASI HC A05/MF A01 (Contract DE-AC05-84OR-21400) Scientific and public interest in greenhouse gases, climate (DE90-003704; CONF-891098-4) Avail: CASI HC A03/MF A01 warming, and global change has virtually exploded in 1989. The Energy production and use, industrial activity, and land-use Department's focused research on CO2 contributed sound and change are expected to cause a global climate change that would timely scientific information to the myriad of questions produced by have local and regional manifestations during the next century. the groundswell of interest and concern. Research projects summa- Although the resulting impacts are not yet known with certainty, Tized provided the data base that made timely responses possible, potential effects on agdculture, water, forests, ecosystems, fisher- and the contributions from participating scientists are genuinely ies, coastal areas (from dsing sea level), and other environmental appreciated. The nation's interest has been well served• In the past resources have been predicted. The National Environmental Policy year, the core CO2 research has continued to improve the scientific Act of 1969 (NEPA) provides for consideration of such topics as knowledge needed to project future atmospheric CO2 concentra- global climate change. However, the implementation of the environ- tions, to estimate climate sensitivity, and to assess the responses of mental impact statement (EIS) requirements of NEPA has seldom

22 ENVIRONMENT POLLUTION 45

been used to address the issue. Climate change and its consequent POLICY RESPONSES TO GLOBAL CHANGE effects have three important implications for NEPA determinations: DENNIS ENGI 1989 8 p Presented at the 9th Miami (1) the potential for an action to individually alter climate must be International Congress on Energy and Environment, Miami Beach, _i_ i/ assessed, (2) cumulative impacts of the action in concert with other FL, 11-13 Dec. 1989 actions must be considered, and (3) the potential for future climate (Contract DE-AC04-76DP-00789) change to alter the baseline environment (and thus to affect the (DE90-003936; SAND-89-1338C; CONF-891210-2) Avail: CASI action or to alter the impact of the action) must be assessed, even HC A02/MF A01 if the action under consideration will not in itself contribute to climate An architecture is presented which will provide qualitative change. In this paper, we evaluate the climate-change issue (includ- cladfication of the pdncipal cause-and.effect relationships among ing the uncertainty of the temporal and spatial distdbution of im- vadous policy options and the resulting impacts on anthropoganic pacts) in a NEPA context. We discuss the kinds of actions to which greenhouse gas emissions. A fundamental product of analyzing the i¸_i_:.i'._ NEPA is applicable, the types of analyses that might be appropdate, Global Change issue in the context of this architecture is the and the problems they might involve. In particular, the opportunities conceptual identification and internalization of conventionally exter- and limitations under current Council on Environmental Quality nal costs. The robust policy portfolios which evolve from this regulations for addressing climate change through the environmen- analysis will, by design, recognize the intemational dimension and tal assessment (EA)/EIS process are addressed. We also discuss be ddven byadaptive incremantalism inorder to avoid ill-conditioned changes that have been proposed for NEPA and its implementing and/or major, short-term, infrastructural changes to the energy regulation and how they could affect the analysis of global climate systems. DOE change. DOE N90-18813# Corvallis Environmental Research Lab., OR. N90-15541# Argonne National Lab., IL. EFFECTS OF GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE ON AGRO- GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE: A FOSSIL ENERGY ECOSYSTEMS: SCOPE OF WORK PERSPECTIVE DONALD L. PHILLIPS Aug. 1989 23 p ROBERT KANE (Department of Energy, Washington, DC.) and (PB90-120023; EPA/600/3-89/076) Avail: CASI HC A03/ DAVID W. SOUTH 1989 7 p Presented atthe 6th International MF A01 Coal Trade, Transportation and Handling Conference, London, The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research England, 16-18 Oct. 1989 and Development (ORD), is initiating a Global Climate Change (Contract W-31o109-ENG-38) Program to evaluate the potential environmental effects of climate (DE90-003770; CONF-891080-1) Avail: CASI HC A02/MF A01 change. The document describes one project, Effects of Global Global climate change has attracted considerable attention Climate Change on Agroecosystems, which will be administered at recently as an emerging environmental problem. While substantial the EPA Environmental Research Laboratory-Corvallis as part of the uncertainties still exist regarding the ability to accurately predict ORD program. The document descdbes the areas in which research climate change, some scientists and policymakers believe immedi- will be undertaken in the project over the next five years. It also ate action is required. As a result, legislative proposals have been presents the scientific questions that must be addressed in order to introduced and policies/programs proposed to address the per- answer important public policy needs conceming the potential ceived problem. Since fossil fuel combustion has been identified as environmental effects of global climate change on agroecosystams a major contdbutor to the growth in atmospheric greenhouse gases, and it descdbes the general research approaches that will be used curtailing the emissions from fossil-fired facilities is a pdmary focus to answer the scientific questions. NTIS of many proposals. This paper discusses global climate change from a fossil, energy development and utilization perspective and demon- N90-28142# Environmental Protection Agency, Ann Arbor, MI. strates that if it is determined that greenhouse gas emissions should Office of Air and Radiation. be reduced, fossil fuels and fossil-fuel-based technologies can, and OPTIONS FOR CONTROLLING THE GLOBAL WARMING must, play a role. DOE IMPACT FROM MOTOR VEHICLES ROBERT M. HEAVENRICH, J. D. MURRELL, and KARL H. N90-16356# Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC. HELLMAN Dec. 1989 23 p Office of Reseamh and Development. (PB90-161688; EPNAA/CTAB-89/08) Avail: CASI HC A03/MF A01 SCIENTIFIC LINKAGES IN GLOBAL CHANGE There is a great deal of interest in the subject of global warming PETER R. JUTRO, ROBERT C. WORREST, and ANTHONY C. and potential ways to mitigate the impacts of emissions that contrib- JANETOS 16 Jun. 1989 18 p Sponsored by Air end Waste ute to it. Ways are discussed to formulate approaches that could be Management Association, Pittsburgh, PA involved in a regulatory program for control of carbon dioxide (PB90-112608; EPA/600/D-89/126) Avail: CASI HC A03/MF A01 emissions from cars and light trucks. Author In the atmosphere, certain trace gases both promote global warming and deplete the ozone layer. The pdmary radiatively active N90-28146# Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC. trace gases which affect global warming are carbon dioxide, nitrous Office Policy, Planning, and Evaluation. oxide, chlorofluorocarbons, methane, and troposphedc ozone. In POLICY OPTIONS FOR STABILIZING GLOBAL CLIMATE. the troposphere, the atmosphere up to 10 miles above the earth's VOLUME 1: CHAPTERS 1-6 Draft Report surface, these compounds function as greenhouse gases. Many of DANIEL A. LASHOF, ed. and DENNIS A. TIRPAK, ed. Feb. 1989 these gases also influence the concentration of ozone in the 408 p stratosphere, the atmosphedc layer located between 10 to 30 miles (PB90-182304) Avail: CASI HC A18/MF A04 above the earth's surface. The diffuse layer of ozone in the strato- A general introduction is provided to the climate change issue sphere protects life on earth from harmful solar radiation. A reduction and selected previous studies are reviewed. The greenhouse gases, of the layer could have very important impacts on the earth's their sources and sinks, chemical properties, current atmospheric systems. Interactions exist in vadous ecological processes as well. concentrations and distributions, and the relation of greenhouse Physical, chemical, and biological activities of plants and animals gases to the processes of climatic change are discussed. Once this are affected directly by global climate change and by increased link is made, those human activities that affect trace-gas emissions "ultraviolet radiation resulting from depletion of stratospheric ozone. and ultimately influence climate change are examined. The sce- NTIS nados developed to assist in thinking about possible future emissions and climate change are discussed and then sensitivity analyses N90-16364# Sandia National Labs., Albuquerque, NM. Strategic are presented of the modeling results. A detailed descdption is given Technologies Div. of existing and emerging technologies that should be considered in A QUALITATIVE ARCHITECTURE FOR UNDERSTANDING the formulation of a comprehensive strategy for mitigating global

23 45 ENVIRONMENTPOLLUTION

warming. Domestic policy options, and international mechanisms JOEL B. SMITH, ed. and DENNIS A. TIRPAK, ed. May 1989 for responding to climate change are discussed. Author 333 p (PB90-171968; EPA/230/05-89/051-APP-A) Avail: CASI HC N90-28907# Office of Science and Technology, Washington, DC. A15/MF A03 OUR CHANGING PLANET: THE FY 1991 US GLOBAL CHANGE Areas of discussion are: interpretation of hydrologic effects of RESEARCH PROGRAM. A REPORT BY THE COMMITTEE ON climate change in the Sacramento-San Joaquin River Basin, meth- EARTH SCIENCES TO ACCOMPANY THE FY 1991 BUDGET ods for evaluating the potential impacts of global climate change in Jan. 1990 71 p California and Georgia; impacts of climate change on the salinity of (PB90-202623) Avail: CASI HC A04/MF A01 San Francisco Bay; effects of climate changes on the Laurentian Although the Earth has been changing for millions of years, Great Lakes levels; the impact of global warming on the Great Lakes' dramatic recent changes such as antarctic ozone depletion demon- ice cycles; potential climate changes to the Lake Michigan thermal strate that human activities are affecting the Earth system. Because structure; effects of climate warming on Lake Erie water quality; of the high pdority attached to the U.S. Global Change Research impacts of global warming on runoff in the upper Chattahoochee Program, the President is proposing $1,034 million for the research River Basin; and potential impacts of climate change on the Tennes- effort in the FY 1991 budget, a $374.8 million or 57 percent increase see Valley Authodty Reservoir System. Author over the FY 1990 level. Summarized here are the key features and budget of the proposed UoS. Global Change Research Program for N91-10396# Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC. FY 1991. A more detailed FY 1991 research plan will be released in Office of Policy, Planning, and Evaluation. the spring of 1990. NTIS POTENTIAL EFFECTS OF GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE ON THE UNITED STATES. APPENDIX B: SEA LEVEL RISE Final N90-28918# Argonne National Lab., IL. Report RESPONDING TO THE THREAT OF GLOBAL WARMING: JOEL B. SMITH, ed° and DENNIS A. TIRPAK, ed. May 1989 OPTIONS FOR THE PACIFIC AND ASIA 274 p DAVID G. STREETS, ed. and TOUFIC A. SIDDIQI, ed. 1989 526 (PB90-172628; EPA/230/05-89/052-APP-B) Avail: CASI HC P Presented at the Responding To the Threat of Global Warming: A12/MF A03 Options for the Pacific and Asia, Honolulu, HI, 21-27 Jun. 1989 Back-up research studies are presented for the Potential (Contract W-31-109-ENG-38) Effects of Global Climate Change on the United States report for (DE90-014756; ANL/EAIS/TM-17; CONF-8906244) Avail: CASI Congress (1989). The following topics are discussed: the effects of HC A23/MF A04 sea level dse on U.S. Coastal Wetlands; a national assessment of The primary goal of the workshop was to explore the options beach nourishment requirements associated with accelerated sea that the countries of the Pacific and Asia have for dealing with the level dse; the cost of defending developed shorelines along shel- threat of global warming. The countries of the Pacific and Asia must tered waters of the United States from a two meter rise in mean sea address a vadety of issues related to global warming, ranging from level; and the cost of not holding back the sea (phase 1 economic determining the advisability of reducing greenhouse-gas emissions vulnerability). An overview of the nationwide impacts of sea level dse to assessing the vulnerability of various communities to the conse- is presented. Author quences of climate change only adds to the many other important health and socioeconomic problems they must face. The goal of this N91-10397# Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC. workshop was to bdng together policy makers, scientists, and Office of Policy, Planning, and Evaluation. analysts who are concerned about the issue of climate change inthis POTENTIAL EFFECTS OF GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE ON regton so they could begin to develop information that will help THE UNITED STATES. APPENDIX C: AGRICULTURE, VOLUME decision makers formulate rational policy altematives. Four princi- 2 Final Report pal areas of discussion: the current state of knowledge about global JOEL B. SMITH, ed. and DENNIS A. TIRPAK, ed. May 1989 climate change and its likely consequences; energy policy options 236 p for slowing the expected growth in emissions of greenhouse gases; (PB90-171596; EPA/230/05-89/053-APP-C-VOL-2) Avail: CASI mitigation measures to cope with the impacts (including impacts HC A11/MF A03 related to agriculture and sea-level rise), should they occur, and Back-up research studies are presented for the Potential research needs to assist decision makers in the Pacific and Asia. Effects of Global Climate Change on the United States report for This volume compiles the proceedings of the workshop. DOE Congress (1989). Volume 2 of the studies includes effects of climate changes on agriculture. The studies include: direct (physiological) N91-10394# Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC. effects of increasing CO2 on crop plants and their interactions with Office of Policy, Planning, and Evaluation. indirect (climatic) effects; potential effects of climate change on POTENTIAL EFFECTS OF GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE ON plant-pest interactions; impacts of climate change on the transport THE UNITED STATES. APPENDIX C: AGRICULTURE, VOLUME of agricultural chemicals across the USA Great Plains and Central 1 Final Report Praide; farm-level adjustments by Illinois corn producers to climate JOEL B. SMITH, ed. and DENNIS A. TIRPAK, ed. May 1989 change; changing animal disease pattems induced by the green- 302 p house effect; the effect of climatic warming on populations of the (PB90-171588; EPA/230/05-89/053-APP-C-VOL-1) Avail: CASI horn fly with associated impact on weight gain and milk production HC A14/MF A03 in cattle; and the agricultural policies for climate changes induced by Back-up research studies are presented for the Potential greenhouse gases. Author Effects of Global Climate Change on the United States report for Congress (1989). Volume 1 of the studies presents simulated N91-10398# Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC. potential effects of global climate change on agriculture in the Great Office of Policy, Planning, and Evaluation. Lakes Region, the Southeastem United States, California, and the POTENTIAL EFFECTS OF GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE ON Great Plains States. Economic and water irrigation effects for THE UNITED STATES. APPENDIX D: FORESTS Final Report particular regions are included. Author JOEL B. SMITH, ed. and DENNIS A. TIRPAK, ed. May 1989 235 p N91-10395# Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC. (PB90-173238; EPA/230/05-89/054-APP-D) Avail: CASI HC Office of Policy, Planning, and Evaluation. A11/MF A03 POTENTIAL EFFECTS OF GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE ON Back-up research studies are presented for the Potential THE UNITED STATES. APPENDIX A: WATER RESOURCES Effects of Global Climate Change on the United States report for Final Report Congress (1989). The studies include: assessment of the response 24 ENVIRONMENT POLLUTION 45

ofvegetationtofutureclimatechangethroughecologicalresponse and the effect of climate change on shipping within Lake Superior surfacesandpaleoecologicalmodelvalidation;theeffectsofclimate and Lake Ede. Author changeontheforests of the Great Lakes Region, Califomia, and the Southeastem United States; and ancient analogs for greenhouse N91-10403# Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC. warming of central Califomia. Author Office of Policy, Planning, and Evaluation. POTENTIAL EFFECTS OF GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE ON N91-10399# Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC. THE UNITED STATES. APPENDIX h VARIABILITY Final Report Office of Policy, Planning, and Evaluation. JOEL B. SMITH, ed. and DENNIS A. TIRPAK, ed. May 1989 POTENTIAL EFFECTS OF GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE ON 110p THE UNITED STATES. APPENDIX E: AQUATIC RESOURCES (PB90-173899; EPA/230/05-89/059-APP-I) Avail: CASI HC A06/ Final Report MF A02 JOEL B. SMITH, ed. and DENNIS A. TIRPAK, ed. May 1989 Weather variability research studies are presented for the 182 p Potential Effects of Global Climate Change on the United States (PB90-172297; EPA/230/05-89/055-APP-E) Avail: CASI HC report for Congress (1989). The studies include: an analysis of A09/MF A02 climate vadability in general circulation models, compadson with Back-up research studies are presented for the Potential observations and changes invadability in2 x CO2 experiments, and Effects of Global Climate Change on the United States report for the change in climate variability in the 21st century. Author Congress (1989). The studies include: the effects of global climate change on the water quality of mountain lakes and streams; potential N91-10404# Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC. responses of Great Lakes' fishes and their habitat to global climate Office of Policy, Planning, and Evaluation. warming; ecological effects of global climate change and the wet- POTENTIAL EFFECTS OF GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE ON land resources of San Francisco Bay; and the projected changes in THE UNITED STATES. APPENDIX J: POLICY Final Report estuadne conditions based on models of long-term atmospheric JOEL B. SMITH, ed. and DENNIS A. TIRPAK, ed. May 1989 alteration. Author 190 p (PB90-173188; EPA/230/05-89/060-APP-J) Avail: CASI HC N91-10400# Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC. A09/MF A02 Office of Policy, Planning, and Evaluation. Back-up research studies are presented for the Potential POTENTIAL EFFECTS OF GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE ON Effects of Global Climate Change on the United States report for THE UNITED STATES. APPENDIX F: AIR QUALITY Final Congress (1989). The studies include: societal responses to re- Report gional climate change (forecasting by analogy); climate change JOEL B. SMITH, ed. and DENNIS A. TIRPAK, ed. May 1989 perceptions among natural resource decision-makers in the case of 209 p water supply managers; applicability of Federal long-range planning (PB90-172230; EPA/230/05-89/056-APP-F) Avail: CASI HC and environmental impact statement processes to global climate A10/MF A03 change issues; climate change and water resources in the Sacra- Back-up research studies are presented for the Potential mento-San Joaquin region of Califomia (policy adjustment options); Effects of Global Climate Change on the United States report for effects of global warming on the implications for policies and Congress (1989). The studies included are climate change and its institutions in the Great Lakes Region; policy implications of global interactions with air chemistry, and sensitivity of a regional oxidant climate change impacts upon the Tennessee Valley Authority Res- model to vadations in climate parmeters. Author ervoir System, Apalachicola River esturary and bay, and South Flodda. Author N91-10401# Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC. Office of Policy, Planning, and Evaluation. N91-15632# Oak Ridge National Lab., TN. Environmental Sci- POTENTIAL EFFECTS OF GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE ON ences Div. THE UNITED STATES. APPENDIX G: HEALTH Final Report TRENDS'90: A COMPENDIUM OF DATA ON GLOBAL CHANGE JOEL B. SMITH, ed. and DENNIS A. TIRPAK, ed. May 1989 THOMAS A. BODEN, PAUL KANCIRUK, MICHAEL FARRELL, R. 109 p J. SEPANSKI, ed., and F. W. STOSS, ed. Aug. 1990 527 p (PB90-173881; EPA/230/05-89/057oApP-G) Avail: CASI HC (Contract DE-AC05o84OR-21400) A06/MF A02 (DE91-000587; ORNL/CDIAC-36) Avail: CASI HC A23/MF A04 Health research studies are given for the Potential Effects of This document is a source of frequently used global change Global Climate Change on the United States report for Congress data. This first issue includes estimates for global and national CO2 (1989). The studies include: the impact of CO2 and trace gas- emissions from the burning of fossil fuels and from the production of induced climate changes upon human mortality; computer simulao cement, histodcal and modem records of atmospheric CO2 and tion of the effects of changes in weather pattems on vector-bome methane concentrations, and several long-term temperature records. disease transmission; and the potential impact of climate change on Included are tabular and graphical presentations of the data, discus- patterns of infectious disease in the United States. Author sions of trends in the data, and references to publications that provide further information. Data are presented in a two-page N91-10402# Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC. format, each dealing with a different data set. All data are available Office of Policy, Planning, and Evaluation. in digital form from the Carbon Dioxide information Analysis Center. POTENTIAL EFFECTS OF GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE ON DOE THE UNITED STATES. APPENDIX H" INFRASTRUCTURE Final Report N91-16446# Brookhaven National Lab., Upton, NY. Dept. of Ap- JOEL B. SMITH, ed. and DENNIS A. TIRPAK, ed. May 1989 plied Science. 179 p SOLVING GLOBAL ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS THROUGH (PB90-172313; EPA/230/05-89/058-APP-H) Avail: CASI HC TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATION A09/MF A02 MEYER STEINBERG Mar. 1990 15 p Presented atthe GISPRI Back-up research studies are presented for the Potential Symposium '90 Meeting, Tokyo, Japan, 28 Feb. 1990 Effects of Global Climate Change on the United States report for (Contract DE-AC02-76CH-00016) Congress (1989). The studies include: the potential effects of (DE90-010018; BNL-44417; CONF-9002113-1) Avail: CASI HC climate change on regional and national demands for electdcity; A03/MF A01 impact of global climate change on urban infrastructure; impacts of Much of the environment problems arise from the supply and extremes in Lake Michigan levels along Illinois shoreline low levels; utilization of energy for industrial, transportation and domestic

25 45 ENVIRONMENT POLLUTION

markets. The use of fossil fuels can result in environmental, atmo- Avail: Issuing Activity spheric, and terrestdal problems, including organic, acid rain, and Determining the long-term number of people that the planet can global warming hazards. The CO2 global greenhouse problem is support without irreversibly reducing its ability to support people in addressed along with the nuclear industry and its dilemma as well. the future, i.e., the carrying capacity of the Earth, is an exceedingly The possibility is recognized of global natural feedback phenomena complex problem. About all that is known for certain is that, with which may limit and mitigate anthropomorphic global greenhouse present and foreseeable technologies, the human population has climate change, however, the discussion is limited to anthropomor- already exceeded the capacity. The reduction in carrying capacity phic (man made) technological mitigation process as opposed to that can be expected to result from direct human impacts on adaptation which means adapting to change. DOE resources and the environment and from our indirect impacts of the climate system is discussed. Global warming and modeling global N91-16451# Oak Ridge National Lab., TN. Environ. Sciences Div. change and food secudty are also discussed with respect to carrying POTENTIAL RESPONSES OF LANDSCAPE BOUNDARIES TO capacity. Author GLOBAL ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE i _r_"i • MONICA G. TURNER, ROBERT H. GARDNER, and ROBERT V. N91-17457# National Academy of Sciences - National Research ONEILL 1990 35 p Presented at the Annual Conference of Council, Washington, DC. Ecological Society of America, Snowbird, NC, 29 Jul. - 2 Aug. 1990 THE US GLOBAL CHANGE RESEARCH PROGRAM: AN (Contract DE-AC05-84OR-21400) ASSESSMENT OF THE FY 1991 PLANS (DE90-008568; CONF-900775-1) Avail: CASI HC A03/MF A01 1990 122 p Global change is likely to affect the location, size, shape, or (Contract NSF OCE-90-14447) composition of landscape boundaries. Neutral models were used to (LC-90-62105; ISBN-0-309-04328.X) Avail: CASI HC A06/MF A02 study two general mechanisms by which landscape boundaries may This report was prepared in response to a request that the respond to global change: (1) disturbance regimes may change in National Research Council (NRC) assess whether the FY 1991 plan response to climate, leading to rapid alterations in landscape for the U.S. Global Change Research Program (USGCRP) is a structure; and (2) in the absence of disturbance, suitable habitat for sound approach to reducing the scientific uncertainties regarding different species may move gradually and dirsctionally. The spread global change issues. The charge included several specific ques- of disturbance was simulated as a function of the proportion of the tions conceming the plans for the Earth Observing System (a large, landscape occupied by a disturbance-prone habitat and the fre- single initiative of NASA) in the context of the USGCRP. The report quency and intensity of a habitat-specific disturbance. The effects of was prepared by two coordinated panels established under the changing disturbance regimes on landscape boundaries were differ- auspices of the NRC Committee on Global Change. Author ent in connected and fragmented landscapes. In connected landscapes, an increase in disturbance intensity caused landscape N91-18492# Oak Ridge National Lab., TN. boundades to decrease. In landscapes that were fragmented, an INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY AND GLOBAL CHANGE increase in disturbance frequency resulted in a decrease in land- SCIENCE scape boundaries. Habitat displacement and species migration F. PAUL BAXTER 1990 10 p Presented atthe Global Change: were simulated as a function of the proportion of half of a landscape Economic Issues in Agriculture, Forestry, and Natural Resources, occupied by a community, migration, extinction, and the rate at Washington, DC, 19-21 Nov. 1990 which potential habitat is displaced. Author (Contract DE°AC05-84OR-21400) (DE91-005020; CONF-9011154-1 ) Avail: CASI HC A02/MF A01 N91-17453 National Academy of Sciences - National Research The goal of this paper is to identify and briefly describe major Council, Washington, DC. Committee on Global Change. existing and near term information technologies that could have a GLOBAL CHANGE AND OUR COMMON FUTURE. PAPERS positive impact on the topics being discussed at this conference by FROM A FORUM helping to manage the data of global change science and helping RUTH S. DEFRIES, ed. and THOMAS F. MALONE, ed. (Saint global change scientists conduct their reseamh. Desktop computer Joseph's Coll., West Hartford, CT.) National Academy Press systems have changed dramatically dudng the past seven years. 1989 231 p Forum held in Washington, DC, 2-3 May 1989 Faster data processing can be expected in the future through full (LC-89-62950; ISBN-0-309-04089-2) Copyright Avail: Issuing development of traditional serial computer amhitectures. Some Activity other proven information technologies may be currently underutilized The objectives of this forum were threefold: (1) to present to the by global change scientists. Relational database management public a balanced and authoritative view of the wide range of global systems and good organization of data through the use of thoughtful change issues, including the science of the earth system, the database design would enable the scientific community to better impacts of global change on society, and the implications for public share and maintain quality reseamh data. Custodians of the data policy; (2) to describe developments in the emerging interdiscipli- should use dgorous data administration to ensure integrity and long nary approach to the study of the earth system, aimed toward term value of the data resource. Still other emerging information developing the knowledge base on which rational public policy technologies that involve the use of artificial intelligence, parallel decisions on global change can be pursued; and (3) to delineate the computer architectures, and new sensors for data collection will be social, political, and economic framework within which the scientific in relatively common use in the near term and should become part and technological issues and the policy options need to be explored. of the global science community's technical toolkit. Consideration The document is divided into the following topics (1) society's stake should also be given to the establishment of Information Analysis in global change; (2) the Earth system; (3) impacts of global change; Centers to facilitate effective organization and management of and (4) implications for public policy. interdisciplinary data and the prototype testing and use of advanced information technology to facilitate rapid and cost-effective integra- N91-17454"# National Aeronautics and Space Administration. tion of these tools into global change science. DOE Ames Reseamh Center, Moffett Field, CA. GLOBAL CHANGE AND CARRYING CAPACITY: IMPLICA- N91-19528# Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transporta- TIONS FOR LIFE ON EARTH tion (U.S. Senate). •PAUL R. EHRLICH (Stanford Univ., CA.), GRETCHEN C. DAILY GLOBAL CHANGE: WHAT YOU CAN DO (Stanford Univ., CA.), ANNE H. EHRLICH (Stanford Univ., CA.), Washington GPO 1990 88 p Hearing before the Committee PAMELA MATSON, and PETER VITOUSEK (Stanford Univ., on Commerce, Science, and Transportation, 101st Congress, 2d CA.) In National Academy of Sciences - National Research Session, 25 Apr. 1990 Council, Global Change and Our Common Future. Papers from a (S-HRG-101-1160;GPO-38-022) Avail: Committee on Commerce, Forum p19-27 1989 Science, and Transportation, Senate, Washington, DC 20510 HC

26 ENVIRONMENT POLLUTION 45

_ % i _ free; also available SOD HC $2.75 as 552-070-09826-7 N91-19540# Southern Methodist Univ., Dallas, TX. Dept. of Sta- Headngs before the Senate Committee on Commeme, Sci- tistical Science. ence, and Transportation are presented on simple things that a STATISTICAL EXAMINATION OF CLIMATOLOGICAL DATA person can do to reduce threats to the global environment. Specific RELEVANT TO GLOBAL TEMPERATURE VARIATION threats addressed include greenhouse warming, ozone depletion, H. L. GRAY, R. F. GUNST, and W. A. WOODWARD Jan. 1991 14 p acid rain, and other effects of pollution and global changes in madne (Contract DE-FG05-90ER-61015) ecosystems, agriculture, forestry, and human health. It is noted that (DE91-007881; DOE/ER-61015/1 ) Avail: CASI HC A03/MF A01 even small steps, such as more double-sided photocopying, can The research group at Southem Methodist Univ. began the save trees; that maintaining a second home wastes resoumes; and examination of climatological data. The initial efforts have involved that several books written by one witness describe other things one an extensive amount of reading of the relevant literature in order to can do to save the Earth. The Federal Govemmant is urged to set understand the data which are available and to assess the analyses an example and to pass appropriate legislation to encourage con- which have been performed to date. Data from CDIAC, NCAR, the servation and reduce pollution. J.P.S. Climate Research Unit at the Univ. of East AngUa, and the Geophysi- cal Institute of the Univ. of Alaska has been acquired and began to N91-19533# Oak Ridge National Lab., TN. be analyzed. The group has had meetings on a weekly basis which THE DILEMMA OF FOSSIL FUEL USE AND GLOBAL CLIMATE have enhanced the interaction among the statisticians, anthropolo- CHANGE gists and geologists on the team. The initial efforts can be catego- R. R. JUDKINS, W. FULKERSON, and M. K. SANGHVI 1991 rizod as assessment of the quality of climatological data and times 15 p Presented at the 201st American Chemical Society (ACS) series analysis of data related to climatological variation. The results National Meeting, Atlanta, GA, 14-19 Apr. 1991 in these areas along with projected progress within the next six (Contract DE-AC05-84OR-21400) months is discussed. The major accomplishment has been the (DE91-007859; CONF-910402-7) Avail: CASI HC A03/MF A01 accessing of the data from the soumes listed, the placing of these The usa of fossil fuels and relationship to climate change is data on the computer in a readable form, and initiation of not only discussed. As the use of fossil fuels has grown, the problems of analyses of these data but also of the critical evaluations of their protecting the environment and human health and safety have also integrity. DOE grown, providing a continuing challenge to technological and mana- garial innovation. Today that challenge is to control atmospheric emissions from combustion, particularly those emissions that cause N91-20567# Transportation Research Board, Washington, DC. acidic deposition, urban pollution, and increasing concentrations of GLOBAL WARMING: TRANSPORTATION AND ENERGY CONSIDERATIONS, 1990 greenhouse gases. Technology for reducing acidic deposition is available and needs only to be adopted, and the remedies for urban E. L. HILLSMAN, F. SOUTHWORTH, N. A. IRWIN, W. F. pollution are being developed and tested. How effective or expen- JOHNSON, and C. L. SARICKS 1990 78 p siva these will be remains to be determined. The control of emissions (PB91-118919; TRB/TRR-1267; ISBN-0-309-05017-0; LC-90- of the greenhouse gas, CO2, seems possible only be reducing the 44171) Avail: CASI HC A05/MF A01 total amounts of fossil fuels used worldwide, and by substituting Topics addressed include: factors that may influence responses efficient natural gas technologies for coal. Long before physical of the U.S. transportation sector to policies for reducing greenhouse depletion forces the transition away from fossil fuels, it is at least gas emissions; implications of long-term climatic changes for trans- plausible and even likely that the greenhouse effect will impose a portation in Canada; review of technological and policy options for show-stopping constraint. If such a transition were soon to be mitigating greenhouse gas emissions from mobile sources; initial necessary, the costs would be very high because substitute energy assessment of roadway-powered electric vehicles; and funding sources are either limited or expensive or undesirable for other transportation energy conservation programs with oil overcharge settlements. NTIS reasons. Furthermore, the costs would be unevenly felt and would be more oppressive for developing nations because they would be least able to pay and, on average, their use rates of fossil fuels are N91-22619"# Colorado Univ., Boulder, CO. Centerfor Space and growing much faster than those of many industrialized countries. It Geoscisnces Policy. is prudent, therefore, to try to manage the use of fossil fuels as if a RESEARCH IN GEOSClENCES POLICY Year 2 Status Report, greenhouse constraint is an important possibility. DOE 1 Jan. - 31 Dec. 1990 RADFORD BYERLY, JR. and SALLY MCVEY 1 Apr. 1991 138 p N91-19537# Colorado Univ., Boulder, CO. Cooperative Inst. for (Contract NAGW-1415) Research in Environmental Sciences. (NASA-CR-188038; NAS 1.26:188038) Avail: CASI HC A07/MF A02 THERMOHALINE CIRCULATIONS AND GLOBAL CLIMATE Various topics related to cases of difficult adaptation to global CHANGE change are discussed. Topics include pattems in the ratification of H.P. HANSON 1991 6p global environmental treaties, the effects of global climate change (Contract DE-FG02-90ER-61019) on Southeast Asia, and global change and biodiversity loss. (DE91-007458; DOE/ER-61019/1) Avail: CASI HC A02/MF A01 This report is ultimately concerned with investigating the hypothesis that changes in surface thermal and hydrological forcing of N91-22622"# Colorado Univ., Boulder, CO. CenterforValues and the North Atlantic, changes that might be expected to accompany Social Policy. CO2-inducsd global warming, could result in ocean-atmosphere GLOBAL CHANGE AND BIODIVERSlTY LOSS: SOME interactions' exerting a positive feedback on the climate system. IMPEDIMENTS TO RESPONSE Because the North Atlantic is the source of much of the global KAREN BORZA and DALE JAMIESON In its Research in ocean's reservoir of deep water, and because this deep water could Geosciances Policy p 64-107 1 Apr. 1991 sequester large amounts of anthropogenically produced CO2, Avail: CASI HC A03/MF A02 changes in the rate of deep-water production are important to future Discussed here are the effects of anthropoganic global climate climates. Since deep-water production is controlled, in part, by the change on biodiversity. The focus is on human responses to the "annual cycle of the atmospheric forcing of the North Atlantic, and problem. Greenhouse warming-induced climate change may shift since this forcing depends strongly on both hydrological and thermal agricultural growing belts, reduce forests of the Northem Hemi- processes as well as the windstrass, there is the potential for sphere and drive many species to extinction, among other effects. feedback between the relatively short-term response of the atmo- If these changes occur together with the mass extinctions already sphere to changing radiative forcing and the longer-term processes occurring, we may suffer a profound loss of biological diversity. in the oceans. DOE Author

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• //' z N91-22623"# Colorado Univ., Boulder, CO. Center for Space and 1 Jun. 1991 57p Geosciences Policy. (Contract DE-FG03-86ER-60490) A REMOTE SENSING APPLICATIONS UPDATE: RESULTS (DE91-017403; DOE/ER-60490/T1) Avail: CASI HC A04/MF A01 OF INTERVIEWS WITH EARTH OBSERVATIONS COM- Complex global changes, such as elevated atmospheric CO2, MERCIALIZATION PROGRAM (EOCAP) PARTICIPANTS are difficult to address because they require translating information SALLY MCVEY In its Research in Geosciences Policy p 108-136 across many spatial and temporal scales. While the direct effects of 1 Apr. 1991 a change may be focused at a single scale, ramifications of the Avail: CASI HC A03/MF A02 change may be seen at higher and lower scales. Understanding Earth remote sensing is a uniquely valuable tool for large-scale these interactions and predicting them requires modeling, but a resource management, a task whose importance will likely increase single model cannot be expected to span all scales. Our aim has world-wide through the foreseeable future. NASA research and been to develop a hierarchy of models, each suited to a particular engineering have virtually created the existing U.S. system, and will scale, that receive information from lower levels and provide input to continue to push the frontiers, primarily through Earth Observing higher level models. GEPSI, our GEneric Plant Simulator, models System (EOS) instruments, research, and data and information responses at the level of leaves, canopies, resource allocation and systems. It is the researchers' view that the near-term health of plant/plant interactions, while SERECO adds soil and atmosphedc remote sensing applications also deserves attention; it seems environments. DOE important not to abandon the system or its clients. The researchers suggest that, like its Landsat predecessor, a successful Earth N92-10232# Resources for the Future, Inc., Washington, DC. Observing System program is likely to reinforce pressure to 'man- CLIMATE CHANGE: PROBLEMS OF LIMITS AND POLICY age' natural resources, and consequently, to create more pressure RESPONSES for Earth Observations Commercialization (EOCAP) type applica- PIERRE R. CROSSON In itsGreenhouse Warming: Abatement and tions. The current applications programs, though small, are valuable Adaptation p 69-82 1991 because of their technical and commercial results, and also because Avail: CASI HC A03/MF A02 they support a community whose contributions will increase along Present emission rates of carbon dioxide (CO2) and the other with our ability to observe the Earth from space. Author principle greenhouse gases (radiatively important gases (RIG's)) - methane, nitrous oxide, and chlorofluorocarbons - exceed the N91-24687# Federal Coordinating Council for Science, Engineer- capacity of the oceanic, terrestrial, and tropospheric sinks to absorb ing and Technology, Washington, DC. Committee on Earth and them. Consequently, their concentrations in the troposphere are Environmental Sciences. increasing and will continue to increase so long as emissions exceed OUR CHANGING PLANET: THE FY 1991 RESEARCH PLAN OF sink capacities. It is assumed that an indefinitely persistent gap THE US GLOBAL CHANGE RESEARCH PROGRAM between emissions and sinks of RIG's implies indefinite global Oct. 1990 266p warming and related changes in regional climates. The high mon- (PB91-145813) Avail: CASI HC A12/MF A03 etary and environmental costs that would be imposed by global The research planning for the U.S. Global Change Research warming are discussed along with the changes in energy policy that Program for fiscal year (FY) 1991 is emphasized. It is the second in are needed to insure that these high costs will not be past on to future a series of such documents that facilitates the coordination of the generations. Author program and reflects the research and integrated budget planning processes of the Working Group on Global Change of the Committee N92-10233# Resources for the Future, Inc., Washington, DC. on Earth and Environmental Sciences (CEES). These research Center for Risk Management. planning and budgetary activities are extended through FY 1991. ASSESSING AND MANAGING THE RISKS OF CLIMATE The key emphasis in FY 1991 is on establishing the research CHANGE required to provide the scientific information needed as input to PAUL R. PORTNEY In its Greenhouse Warming: Abatement and current environmental policy issues, e.g., stratospheric ozone deple- Adaptation p 83-104 1991 tion and climate change, including greenhouse warming. The open- Avail: CASI HC A03/MF A02 ing sections summarize the following: (1) these policy needs in the Some similarities and differences between the assessment context of global change science; (2) the planning of the research and management of climate problems are presented along with program to address them; and (3) the benefits to be accrued from the ordinary environmental regulatory problems. The applicability of a enhanced understanding. NTIS familiar rule often invoked in thinking about the management of traditional environmental risks, namely, that an once of prevention N91-24690# Executive Office of the President, Washington, DC. is worth a pound of cure, is addressed with respect to the optimal Committee on Earth and Environmental Sciences. management of climate-related risks. Author OUR CHANGING PLANET: THE FY 1992 US GLOBAL CHANGE RESEARCH PROGRAM. A SUPPLEMENT TO THE US N92-10234# Resources for the Future, Inc., Washington, DC. PRESIDENT'S FISCAL YEAR 1992 BUDGET CLIMATE AND FORESTS 1991 102 p ROGER A. SEDJO and ALLEN M. SOLOMON (Intemational Inst. for Avail: CASI HC A06/MF A02 Applied Systems Analysis, Laxenburg, Austria ) In its Greenhouse The central goal of the U.S. Global Change Research Program Warming: Abatement and Adaptation p 105-119 1991 is to establish the scientific basis in support of national and intema- Avail: CASI HC A03/MF A02 tional policymaking relating to natural and human-induced changes The effects of forests on climate change and the effects of in the global Earth system by: (1) establishing an integrated, climate change on forests are examined. In particular, the mecha- comprehensive, long-term program of documenting the Earth sys- nisms whereby changing CO2 levels and global warming might tem on the global scale; (2) conducting program of focused studies affect forest growth and composition are examined. The economic to improve the understanding of the physical, geological, chemical, cost required to establish plantation forests in temperate and tropical biological, and social processes that influence Earth system pro- regions are estimated. In addition, the economic uses to which the cesses; and (3) developing integrated conceptual and predictive newly established forest stock might be put are investigated. The "Earth system models. Author possible effects of these higher stocking levels on world industrial wood markets and on investments in traditional industrial forestry N91-32687# San Diego State Univ., CA. activities are addressed, and the broad economic implications are MODELING THE RESPONSE OF PLANTS AND ECOSYSTEMS examined. The question of the source of financing is addressed TO GLOBAL CHANGE briefly and the possibility/necessity of foreign assistance is J. F. REYNOLDS, P. HARLEY, D. W. HILBERT, and P. R. KEMP examined. Author

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N92o10238# International Federation of Inst. for Advanced Study, L. BERNARD GAnnETT, ed. (Bionetics Corp., Hampton, VA.), Toronto (Ontado). WARREN D. HYPES, ed. (Bionetics Corp., Hampton, VA.), and HUMAN DIMENSIONS OF GLOBAL CHANGE: TOWARD A ROBERT L. WRIGHT, ed. Sep. 1991 397 p RESEARCH AGENDA (Contract RTOP 506-49-31) IAN BURTON In Resources for the Future, Inc., Greenhouse (NASA-TM-104128; NAS 1.15:104128) Avail: CASI HC A17/MF A04 Warming: Abatement and Adaptation p 159-174 1991 Descdbed here is an architecture trade study conducted by the Avail: CASI HC A02/MF A02 Langley Research Center to develop a representative mix of ad- The Earth's environment is being transformed by human activ- vanced space science instrumentation, spacecraft, and mission ity. Human activity, in tum, is being affected by these transforma- orbits to assist in the technology selection processes. The analyses tions. This interaction is being studied under the aegis of global concentrated on the highest priodty classes of global change change in the geosphere-biosphere. The purpose here is to explore measurements which are the global climate changes. Issues ad- the basis for and the substance of a proposed research program dressed in the tradeoffs includes assessments of the economics of focused on the human dimensions of global change. Global warming scale of large platforms with multiple instruments relative to smaller due to the greenhouse effect, CO2 reduction, environment impacts, spacecraft; the influences of current and possible future launch land use management, and the removal of greenhouse gases from vehicles on payload sizes, and on-orbit assembly decisions; and the the atmosphere are among the topics covered. Author respective roles of low-Earth versus geostationary Earth orbiting systems. N92-10240# Resources for the Future, Inc., Washington, DC. EPILOGUE N92-15465"# National Aeronautics and Space Administration. CHESTER LoCOOPER In its Greenhouse Warming: Abatement Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA. and Adaptation p 175-182 1991 SCIENCE REQUIREMENTS FOR A GLOBAL CHANGE Avail: CASI HC A02/MF A02 TECHNOLOGY INITIATIVE ARCHITECTURE TRADE STUDY A general discussion of the issues raised during the conference JOHN T. SUTI'LES (Lockheed Engineering and Sciences Co., is given. Global warming due to the greenhouse effect, climate Hampton, VA.), EDWIN F. HARRISON, GARY G. GIBSON (Lockheed change, agricultural, and forestry are discussed. General policy Engineering and Sciences Co., Hampton, VA.), and THOMAS G. considerations, the improvement of energy efficiency, fuel switching CAMPBELL In NASA. Langley Research Center, Global Change as a way of reducing the rate of CO2 emissions, captudng of CO2 Technology Architecture Trade Study p 73-89 Sep. 1991 Previ- through forest management, water management, and adapting to ously announced as N91-25558 sea level dses are covered. Author Avail: CASI HC A03/MF A04 Science requirements for a Global Change Technology Initia- N92-14490"# McDonnell-Douglas Space Systems Co., Sea- tive (GCTI) Architecture Trade Study were established by reviewing brock, MD. and synthesizing results from recent studies. A scientific rationale NEED FOR EXPANDED ENVIRONMENTAL MEASUREMENT was adopted and used to identify a comprehensive set of measurables CAPABILITIES IN GEOSYNCHRONOUS EARTH ORBIT and their pdodties. Spatial and temporal requirements for a number ENRICO P. MERCANTI 1991 11 p of measurement parameters were evaluated based on results from (Contract NAS5-30363) several working group studies. Science requirements were defined (NASA-CR-183487; NAS 1.26:183487) Avail: CASI HC A03/MF A01 using these study results in conjunction with guidelines for investi- The proliferation of environmental satellites in low altitude earth gating global changes over a time scale of decades to centuries. orbit (LEO) has demonstrated the usefulness of earth remote Requirements are given separately for global studies and regional sensing from space. As use of the technology grows, the limitations process studies. For global studies, temporal requirements are for / of LEO missions become more apparent. Many inadequacies can be sampling every I to 12 hours for atmospheric and radiation param- met by remote sensing from geosynchronous earth orbits (GEO) eters and 1 day or more for most Earth surface measurements. that can provide high temporal resolution, consistent viewing of Therefore, the atmospheric measurables provide the most critical specific earth targets, long sensing dwell times with varying sun ddvers for temporal sampling. Spatial sampling requirements vary angles, stereoscopic coverage, and correlative measurements with from 1 km for land and ocean surface charactedstics to 50 km for ground and LEO observations. An environmental platform in GEO is some atmospheric parameters. Thus, the land and ocean surface being studied by NASA. Small research satellite missions in GEO parameters have the more significant spatial vadations and provide were studied (1990) at GSFC. Some recent independent assess- the most challenging spatial sampling requirements. Author ments of NASA Earth Science Programs recommend accelerating the eadier deployment of smaller missions. Author N92-15474"# National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA. N92-15457"# National Aeronautics and Space Administration, GLOBAL CHANGE TECHNOLOGY INITIATIVE ARCHITECTURE Washington, DC. TRADE STUDY PLAN REPORT OF THE INTERNATIONAL OZONE TRENDS PANEL In its Global Change Technology Architecture Trade Study p 341 - 1988, VOLUME 2 349 Sep. 1991 1989 404 p Prepared in cooperation with UN Environment Avail: CASI HC A02/MF A04 Programme, Nairobi, Kenya; WMO, Geneva, Switzerland; NOAA, The overall objective of the trade study is to define the architec- Washington, DC; and FAA, Washington, DC tural mix of missions, spacecraft/platforms, and sensors to meet the (NASA-TM-105119; NAS 1.15:105119; GORMP-18-VOL-2) Avail: science requirements of the Mission to Planet Earth/Global Change CASI HC A18/MF A04 Technology Initiative (MPE/GCTI) beyond the early Earth Observing Chapters on the following topics are presented: trends in System (Eos) and Geosynchronous Earth Orbit (GEO) spacecraft stratospheric temperature; theory and observations- model simula- missions. Within the overall objective, the study includes the follow- tions of the pedod 1955-1985; trends in source gases; trends in ing specific objectives: (1) Substantiate the selected mix of Low stratospheric minor constituents; trends in aerosol abundances and Earth Orbit (LEO), GEO, or intermec/iate orbit spacecraft/platforms; distribution; and observations and theodes related to antarctic (2) Define the required number and size of spacecraft related to •ozone. objective (1); (3) Define a genedc sensor complement for the spacecraft/platforms; (4) Evaluate current spacecraft capabilities to N92-15464"# National Aeronautics and Space Administration. meet the mission requirements and develop conceptual designs of Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA. spacecraft/platforms as required. (5) Identify advanced or new GLOBAL CHANGE TECHNOLOGY ARCHITECTURE TRADE technology needed to most efficiently accomplish the MPE/GCTI STUDY Program. Author

29 • , _ ./::, • i¸_, •:, ,

45 ENVIRONMENT POLLUTION

N92-16503# Brown Univ., Providence, RL project concentrates on modem observational data, including re- SENSITIVITY OF CLIMATE MODELS: COMPARISON OF motely sensed data and data from other sources. The database SIMULATED AND OBSERVED PATTERNS FOR PAST includes complementary multi-thematic data sets on comparable CLIMATES grids, registered to a common origin and projection (latitude-longi- W. L. PRELL, T. WEBB, III, and R. J. OGLESBY Oct. 1991 14 p tude). The database has been structured to be operable with several (Contract DE-FG02-85ER-60304) existing geographic information systems (GIS), so that a complete (DE92-002820; DOE/ER-60304/6) Avail: CASI HC A03/MF A01 analytical package could be provided to reviewers and other scien- Predicting the potential climatic effects of increased concentra- tists for evaluation, expedmentation, and further development. The tions of atmospheric carbon dioxide requires the continuing devel- software accompanying the CD-ROM (a subset of GIS known as opment of climate models. As one index of the magnitude of past Iddsi) was developed and adopted for the project at Clark University. climates change, the global mean temperature increase during the Although compatible with Iddsi, the database is also designed to be past 18,000 years is similar to that predicted for carbon dioxide easily up-loaded to the GIS known as GRASS, running on UNIX doubling. Simulating the climate changes of the past 18,000 years, operating systems. Since the database structure is as system as well as the warmer-than-presant climate of 6000 years ago and ; '!,,: independent as possible, tt should also be easily usable in other the climate of the last interglacial, around 126,000 years ago, systems. Author

"i provides an excellent opportunity to test the models that are being used in global climate change research. During the past several N92-24671# Laser Applications Research Center, The Wood- years, we have used paleoclimatic data to test the accuracy of the lands, TX. NCAR CCMO (National Center for Atmospheric Research, Commu- THE 1991 WOODLANDS CONFERENCE: THE REGIONS AND nity Climate Model, Version 0), after changing its boundary condi- GLOBAL WARMING: IMPACTS AND RESPONSE STRATEGIES tions to those appropdate for past climates. We have assembled 1991 24 p Conference held in Woodlands, TX, 3-6 Mar. 1991 ..... near-global paleoclimatic data sets of pollen, lake level, and madne (Contract DE-AC05-84OR-21400) plankton data and calibrated many of the data in terms of climatic (DE92-003221; CONF-9103221oSUMM) Avail: CASI HC A03/MF variables. We have also developed methods that permit direct A01 quantitative comparisons between the data and model results. Our To date, much of the attention given to global warming in comparisons have shown both some of the strengths and weak- scientific research as well as in policy development has focused on nesses of the model. The research so far has shown the feasibility the global picture, international negotiations and agreements to of our methods for comparing paleoclimatic data and model results. stabilize, and eventually reduce, greenhouse gas emissions are Our research has also shown that comparing the model results with very important. By themselves, however, they are not sufficient to the data is an evolutionary process, because the models, the data, address global warming. Regional strategies are also needed. They and the methods for comparison are continually being improved. can help reduce greenhouse gas emissions, and they will be the Dudng 1991, we have continued our studies and this Progress most effective way to mitigate the consequences of global warming. Report documents the results to date. Dudng this year, we have Adaptive strategies must respond to local and regional conditions. completed new modeling experiments, compiled new data sets, In many countries, subnational judsdictions such as states and made new comparisons between data and model results, and provinces or community organizations can already take effective participated in workshops on paleoclimatic modeling. DOE actions without direction from their national govemmant or waiting for intemational agreements. An important factor in defining regional N92-20647# General Accounting Office, Washington, DC. approaches is the disparate consequences of climate change for GREENHOUSE EFFECT: DOE'S PROGRAMS AND ACTIVITIES developed and developing areas. Different strategies will also be RELEVANT TO THE GLOBAL WARMING PHENOMENON needed for industrial and agricultural regions. Wealthy industdal Mar. 1990 51 p regions may be better able to develop capital-intensive, adaptive (GAO/RCED-90-74BR; B-237780) PO Box 6015, Gaithersburg, infrastructure than regions with fewer discretionary resources where MD 20877 HC first five copies free, additional copies $2.00 people are more vulnerable to the vagades of weather pattems. On Background information is given on the global warming issue the other hand, regions that rely on indigenous knowledge and local as well as the Department of Energy's (DOE's) objectives, scope, resources may be better equipped to make incremental adaptations and methodology in relation to the problem. Details are given on and more willing to modify life-styles. Ultimately, all climate change DOE's policies and research efforts. Examples of energy policy and effects are experienced in specific places and effective response program changes to mitigate the global warming phenomenon that depends upon local action. We recognize that individual localities have been suggested by various Federal and non-Federal authori- cannot solve a problem of global proportions by acting alone. ties are provided. Appendices include descriptions of DOE program However, a regional strategy can supplement international and areas relevant to the global climate change issue, additional infor- national action and be the focal point for addressing risks in the mation on suggested energy policy and program changes to address unique social and economic context of a particular area. These global warming, and a list of major contributors to this briefing report. meetings discussions dealt with the impacts and implications of Information is given in tabular form on DOE's FY 1989 budget and climate change on such things as agriculture, forestry, and policy. 1990 budget request for direct and indirect programs relevant to DOE global climate change. Author N92-25313# Department of Energy, Washington, DC. Office of N92-21439# National Geophysical Data Center, Boulder, CO. Environmental Analysis. GLOBAL ECOSYSTEMS DATABASE. VERSION 0.1 (BETA- LIMITING NET GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS IN THE UNITED TEST). EPA GLOBAL CLIMATE RESEARCH PROGRAM. NOAA/ STATES NGDC GLOBAL CHANGE DATABASE PROGRAM. R. A. BRADLEY, ed., E. C. WATTS, ed., and E. R. WILLIAMS, ed. PROTOTYPE 1: DATABASE DOCUMENTATION. NGDC KEY Sep. 1991 529 p TO GEOPHYSICAL RECORDS DOCUMENTATION NO. 25. (DE92-007267; DOE/PE-0101) Avaih NTIS HC/MF A23 USER'S MANUAL Over the past decade, global climate change has been a W. G. CAMPBELL and J. J. KINEMAN Nov. 1991 368 p subject of growing concern. The United States govemment in •Prepared in cooperation with ManTech Environmental Technol- general, and the US Department of Energy in particular, have ogy, Inc., Corvallis, OR increased their level of activity in this area in recent years; since the (PB92-122803; EPA/600/8-91/216) Avail: CASI HC A16/MF A03 1970's, the DOE has sponsored scientific research programs in The pdmary objective of the cooperative research and develop- global climate change. These programs have sought to define the ment is to produce an integrated, quality controlled, global database issues, reduce uncertainties, and quantify the interaction of global (including time sequences) for spatially distributed modeling. The human and natural systems. Understanding the relationship be-

30 ENVIRONMENT POLLUTION 45

tween the production and use of energy and the accumulation of (DE92-011072; UCRL-ID-109847) Avail: CASI HC A02/MF A01 radiatively active gases in the atmosphere, as well as the conse- This is the first in a sedes of papers in which we will examine quences of this relationship for global climate systems, has been of vadous aspects of the Global Warming Potential (GWP) concept particular interest, because constructive policy cannot be formu- and the sensitivity and uncertainties associated with the GWP lated without a firm scientific grasp of these issues. The National values dedved for the 1992 updated scientific assessment report of Energy Strategy was developed to address all of the nation's energy the Intergovemmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). One of the concerns, taking into account related environmental issues such as authors of this report helped formulate the GWP concept for the first global climate change. Actions included in the National Energy IPCC report in 1990. The Global Warming Potential concept was Strategy are projected to hold US energy-related emissions of developed for that report as an attempt to fulfill the request from greenhouse important gases, weighted by IPCC-estimated global policymakers for a way of relating the potential effects on climate warming potential (GWP) coefficients, at or below 1990 levels from vadous greenhouse gases, in much the same way as the through the year 2030. DOE Ozone Depletion Potential (ODP) concept is used in policy analyses related to concerns about the relative effects of CFCs and other •i •'i!';:i.¸'_ N92o25415# General Accounting Office, Washington, DC. compounds on stratosphedc ozone destruction. We are also coau- %!,/ GLOBAL WARMING. EMISSION REDUCTIONS POSSIBLE AS thors of the section on radiative forcing and Global Warming Poten- SCIENTIFIC UNCERTAINTIES ARE RESOLVED tials for the 1992 IPCC update; however, there was too little time to Sep. 1990 74p prepare much in the way of new research matedal for that report. (GAO/RCED-90-58; B-240222) PO Box 6015, Galthersburg, MD Nonetheless, we have recognized for some time that there are a 20877 HC first five copies free, additional copies $2.00 number of uncertainties and limitations associated with the defini- It was concluded that industdal and agricultural activities are tion of GWPs used in both the odginal and new IPCC reports. In this causing the atmosphedc concentrations of greenhouse gases to paper, we examine one of those uncertainties, namely, the effect of exceed histodc levels. Without action now, these concentrations are the assumed background atmospheric concentrations on the de- likely to grow, although the rate of increase is uncertain. From their rived GWPs. Later papers will examine the sensitivity of GWPs to review of computer modeling results, most climate scientists agree other uncertainties and limitations in the current concept. DOE that the climate's response to this growth will be an increased average temperature over the next 100 years. They do not concur, however, on the timing and magnitude of this change or on the N92-29235"# Massachusetts Inst. of Tech., Cambridge. Center associated regional climate changes. While research should reduce for Global Change Science. these scientific uncertainties, quick fixes or easy answers are THE ROLE OF LIDARS IN GLOBAL CHANGE RESEARCH unlikely to emerge. Rather, research results are expected to con- RONALD G. PRINN In NASA. Langley Rasearch Center, Sixteenth tinue pointing to the need for a comprehensive, multinational, Intamafional Laser Radar Conference, Part I p 21-22 Jul. 1992 Avail: CASI HC A01/MF A04 multidecade response strategy. In the meantime, many agree that certain actions can be justified because they have benefits in Recent research has solidified a view of the Earth as a global addition to reducing greenhouse gases. Reducing CFC's is an scale interactive system with complex chemical, physical, biologi- example of one such activity already under way, and more can be cal, and dynamical processes that link the ocean, atmosphere, land, done inother areas, such as improving energy efficiency. Author and madne terrestrial living organisms. An important aspect of Earth System Science studies in the future is the need to observe N92-26509# ManTech Environmental Technology, Inc., Corvallis, simultaneously the physical, chemical, biological, and dynamical OR. processes involved in highly coupled phenomena such as those EQUILIBRIUM-ANALYSIS OF PROJECTED CLIMATE CHANGE mentioned. Lidars operating from the surface, aircraft, and satellites EFFECTS ON THE GLOBAL SOIL ORGANIC MATTER POOL provide a powerful observational technique to study the processes D. P. TURNER and R. LEEMANS 1992 14 p Presented at the and observe trends important to global change. Lidar observations Carbon Cycling in Boreal Forest and Subarctic Ecosystems Work- have already played important roles in helping understand pro- shop, Corvallis, OR, 9-12 Sep. 1991 Submitted for publication cesses controlling stratospheric ozone and aerosols, tropospheric (Contract EPA-68-CS-0006) clouds, water vapor, ozone, gaseous pollutants, and aerosols, and (PB92-153022; EPAJ600/A-92/039) Avail: CASI HC A03/MF A01 winds and temperatures throughout the atmosphere. In this paper Increased rates of soil organic matter decomposition may the author reviews the science of global change and highlights the represent a significant positive feedback to global warming. As a potential roles for lidar in studying the Earth system. H.A. step towards assessing the potential magnitude of this response, an equilibrium analysis was performed in which representative carbon N92-31258°# National Aeronautics and Space Administration, pools were associated with each vegetation type and the Holdddge Washington, DC. vegetation/climate correlation system was used to compare distri- THE DETECTION OF CLIMATE CHANGE DUE TO THE butions of the vegetation types under the current climate and ENHANCED GREENHOUSE EFFECT doubled-CO2 climate scenados from four general circulation models ROBERT A. SCHIFFER and SUSHEL UNNINAYAR 1991 60 p (GCMs). Two of the GCMs predicted a net loss of below ground Presented at the GEDEX Atmosphedc Temperature Workshop, carbon (55-101 Pg) because of large decreases in the areal extent Columbia, MD, 9-11 Jui. 1991 of tundra and boreal ecosystems with high levels of below ground (NASA-TM-107965; NAS 1.15:107965) Avail: CASI HC A04/ carbon storage. Vegetation redistdbution projected under the other MF A01 two GCMs would result inthe accumulation of carbon (5-41 Pg) inthe The greenhouse effect is accepted as an undisputed fact from biosphere. However, this accumulation was ddven primarily by an both theoretical and observational considerations. In Earth's atmo- increase in the areal extent of tropical rain forests, which is unlikely sphere, the pdmary greenhouse gas is water vapor. The specific given the constraints imposed by anthropogenic factors. Other concem today is that increasing concentrations of anthropogenically considerations not treated by the equilibdum approach also support introduced greenhouse gases will, sooner or later, irreversibly alter the likelihood of a transient pulse of carbon from the soil to the the climate of Earth. Detecting climate change has been compli- atmosphere. Author cated by uncertainties in historical observations and measurements. Thus, the primary concem for the GEDEX project is how can N92-27417# Lawrence Livermore National Lab., Livermore, CA. climate change and enhanced greenhouse effects be unambigu- SENSITIVITY OF GLOBAL WARMING POTENTIALS TO THE ously detected and quantified. Specifically examined are the areas ASSUMED BACKGROUND ATMOSPHERE of: Earth surface temperature; the free atmosphere (850 millibars D. J. WUEBBLES and K. O. PATTEN Mar. 1992 9 p and above); space-based measurements; measurement uncertain- (Contract W-7405-ENG-48) ties; and modeling the observed temperature record. H.A.

31 45 ENVIRONMENTPOLLUTION

N92-31259"#NationalScienceFoundation,Washington,DC. consequences of global change; (2) global environmental monitor- CommitteeonEarthandEnvironmentalSciences. ing and standard-setting for analyses of climate data; and (3) OURCHANGING PLANET: TH E FY 1993 US GLOBAL CHANGE negotiating a framework convention that places limits on green- RESEARCH PROGRAM. A SUPPLEMENT TO THE US house gas emissions by countries. The implications of this iterative PRESIDENT'S FISCAL YEAR 1993 BUDGET approach for successful implementation of a treaty to forestall global 1992 89 p Revised Sponsored in part by NASA, Washington; climate change are discussed. DOE NOAA; DOE; and EPA Odginal contains color illustrations (NASA-CR-190675; NAS 1.26:190675) Avail: CASI HC A05/MF N92-31907# Oak Ridge National Lab., TN. Carbon Dioxide Infor- A01; 2 functional color pages mation Analysis Center. An improved predictive understanding of the integrated Earth TRENDS 1991: A COMPENDIUM OF DATA ON GLOBAL system, including human interactions, will provide direct benefits by CHANGE anticipating and planning for possible impacts on commerce, agri- T. A. BODEN, ed., R. J. SEPANSKI, ed., and F. W. STOSS, ed. culture, energy, resource utilization, human safety, and environ- Dec. 1991 694 p mental quality. The central goal of the U.S. Global Change Research (Contract DE-AC05-84OR-21400) Program (USGCRP) is to help establish the scientific understanding (DE92-011733; ORNL/CDIAC-46; ESD-3746) Avail: CASI HCA99/ and the basis for national and international policymaking related to MF A06 natural and human-induced changes in the global Earth system. This document is a source of frequently used global change This will be accomplished through: (1) establishing an integrated, data. This second issue of the Trends series expands the coverage comprehensive, long-term program of documenting the Earth sys- of sites recording atmosphedc concentrations of carbon dioxide tem on a global scale; (2) conducting a program of focused studies (CO2) and methane, (CH4), and it updates records reported in the to improve our understanding of the physical, geological, chemical, first issue. New data for other trace atmospheric gases have been biological, and social processes that influence the Earth system included in this issue; historical data on nitrous oxide (N2) from ice processes; and (3) developing integrated conceptual and predictive cores, modem records of atmosphedc concentrations of chlorofluo- Earth system models. H.A. rocarbons (CFC-11 and CFC-12) and N20 and estimates of global estimates of CFC-11 and CFC-12. The estimates for global and N92-31620# Federal Coordinating Council for Science, Engineer- national CO2 emissions from the burning of fossil fuels, the producing and Technology, Washington, DC. Committee on Earth and tion of cement, and gas flaring have been revised and updated. Environmental Sciences. Regional CO2 emission estimates have been added, and long-term OUR CHANGING PLANET: THE FY 1993 US GLOBAL CHANGE temperature records have been updated and expanded. Data records RESEARCH PROGRAM. A REPORT BY THE COMMITTEE ON are presented in four- to six-page formats, each dealing with a EARTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES, A SUPPLEMENT specific site, region, or emissions species. The data records include TO THE US PRESIDENT'S FISCAL YEAR 1993 BUDGET tables and graphs; discussion of methods for collecting, measuring, Jan. 1992 90 p and reporting the data; trends inthe data; and references to literature (PB92-156892) Avail: CASI HC A05/MF A01 that provides further information. All data appearing in the document The U.S. Global Change Reasearch Program (USGCRP) was are available on digital media from the Carbon Dioxide Information established as a Presidential initiative inthe FY-1990 Budget to help Analysis Center. DOE develop sound national and international policies related to global environmental issues, particularly global climate change. The N92-32014 Alabama Univ., Huntsville, AL. Atmospheric Science USGCRP is implemented through a priority-ddven scientific re- Program. search agenda that is designed to be integrated, comprehensive, THE UNCERTAINTIES OF GLOBAL TEMPERATURES IN THE and multidisciplinary. It is designed explicitly to address scientific GLOBAL WARMING CONTEXT uncertainties in such areas as climate change, ozone depletion, JOHN R. CHRISTY In Huntsville Association of Technical Societ- changes in terrestrial and madne productivity, global water and ies, TABES 92: 8th Annual Technical and Business Exhibition and energy cycles, sea level changes, the impact of global changes on Symposium. Executive Summaries and Submitted Papers 7 p 1992 human health and activities, and the impact of anthropogenic (TABES PAPER 92-447) Copydght Avail: Issuing Activity activities on the Earth system. The USGCRP addresses three Long-term surface temperature records have large enough parallel but interconnected streams of activity: documenting global uncertainties and contain enough uncertainties and contain enough change (observations); enhancing understanding of key processes natural variability that conclusions about global warming due to (process research); and predicting global and regional environmen- greenhouse gas emissions are not possible based on these data. tal change (integrated modeling and prediction). Author Compadson with newly developed data from satellites indicates the surface temperatures measured today do not provide the accuracy N92-31896# Oak Ridge National Lab., TN. necessary for assessing climate trends for over half of the globe. ITERATIVE FUNCTIONALISM AND CLIMATE MANAGEMENT Though warm and cool years generally coincide between satellite REGIMES: FROM INTERGOVERNMENTAL PANEL ON and surface measurements, the subtle differences are sufficient to CLIMATE CHANGE TO INTERGOVERNMENTAL NEGOTIATING cause one to rethink the conclusions of excessive warmth of the past COMMITTEE two years (1990-91) and decade. Author D. L. FELDMAN (Tennessee Univ., Knoxville.) 1992 27 p Pre- sented at the 4th North American Symposium on Society and N92-33578# Alaska Univ., Fairbanks, AK. Geophysical Inst. Resource Management, Madison, WI, 17-20 May 1992 PROCEEDINGS OF INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON THE (Contract DE-AC05-84OR-21400) ROLE OF THE POLAR REGIONS IN GLOBAL CHANGE, (DE92-014798; CONF-9205167-1) Avail: CASI HC A03/MF A01 VOLUME 1 Final Report, 1 May 1990 - 30 Apr. 1991 This paper contends that an iterative functionalist regime D GUNTER WELLER Mar. 1992 361 p Proceedings held in compdsed of intemational organizations that monitor the global Fairbanks, AK, 11-15 Jun. 1990 climate and perform scientific and policy research on prevention, (Contract DAAL03-90-G-0126) mitigation, and adaptation strategies for response to possible global (AD-A253027; ARO-27859.1-GS-CF-VOL-1) Avail: CASI HC A16/ -warming D has developed over the past decade. A common global MF A03 effort by scientists, diplomats, and others to negotiate a framework The goal of the conference was to define and summarize the convention that would reduce emissions of carbon dioxide and other state of knowledge on the role of the polar regions in global change, greenhouse gases has been brought about by this regime. Individu- and to identify gaps in knowledge. To this purpose experts in a wide als that participate in this regime are engaged in several cooperative variety of relevant disciplines were invited to present papers and activities including: (1) international research on the causes and hold panel discussions. While there are numerous conferences on

32 ENVIRONMENT POLLUTION 45

global change, this conference dealt specifically with the polar perature, sea ice extent, sea level ocean wind stress, currents, regions which occupy key positions in the global system. Over 400 chlorophyll, biogeochemical fluxes). The purpose of this document scientists from 15 different countries attended and presented 200 is to identify existing data sets available (both remotely sensed and papers on research in the Arctic and Antarctic. The papers were in situ data) covedng some of these variables. This is not intended distributed among seven major themes and sessions, each having to be a complete list of global change data, but merely a highlight of about three invited papers, a dozen contributed papers, and 15-20 what is available. The information was extracted from the Master poster papers. These papers, or their abstracts, are contained in the Directory (MD), an on-line scientific data information service which two proceedings volumes. In publishing the papers we did not may be used by any researcher. This report contains the coverage distinguish between invited, contributed, or poster papers, but gave dates for the data sets, sources (satellites, instruments) of the data them all equal weight. On the final day of the conference three panels and where they are archived. Author met to discuss problems and priorities in polar research. A summary of their recommendations follows the final section of papers. N93-11094"# National Aeronautics and Space Administration. DTIC Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA. RADIATIVE FORCING OF CLIMATE N92-33579# Alaska Univ., Fairbanks, AK. Geophysical Inst. V. RAMANSWAMY (Princeton Univ., NJ.), KEITH SHINE (Read- PROCEEDINGS OF INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON THE ing Univ., England ), CONWAY LEOVY (Washington Univ., Se- ROLE OF THE POLAR REGIONS IN GLOBAL CHANGE, attle.), WEI-CHYUNG WANG (State Univ. of New York, Albany.), VOLUME 2 Final Report, 1 May 1990 - 30 Apr. 1991 HENNING RODHE (Stockholm Univ., Sweden ), DONALD J. GUNTER WELLER Mar. 1992 492 p Proceedings held in WUEBBLES (Lawrence Livermore National Lab., CA.), M. DING Fairbanks, AK, 11-15 Jun. 1990 (Stockholm Univ., Sweden ), JOSEPH LELIEVELD (Max-Planck- (Contract DAAL03-90-G.0126) Inst. fuer Chemie, Mainz, Germany ), JAE A. EDMONDS (Depart- (AD-A253028; ARO-27859.2.GS-CF-VOLo2) Avail: CASI HC A21/ ment of Energy, Washington, DC.), M. PATRICK MCCORMICK et MF A04 al. In NASA, Washington, Scientific Assessment of Ozone Deple- The International Conference on the Role of the Polar Regions tion: 1991 30 p 1991 in Global Change took place on the campus of the University of Avail: CASI MF A03; print copy available at WMO, Geneva, Switzer- Alaska Fairbanks on June 11-15, 1990. It was cosponsored by land; 1 functional color page several national and international scientific organizations, as listed An update of the scientific discussions presented in Chapter 2 on the preceding page. The host institutions were the Geophysical of the Intergovemmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) report is i Institute and the Center for Global Change and Arctic System presented. The update discusses the atmospheric radiative and Research, both at the University of Alaska Fairbanks. The goal of the chemical species of significance for climate change. There are two conference was to define and summarize the state of knowledge on major objectives of the present update. The first is an extension of the role of the polar regions in global change, and to identify gaps in the discussion on the Global Warming Potentials (GWP's), including knowledge. To this purpose experts in a wide variety of relevant a reevaluation in view of the updates in the lifetimes of the radiatively disciplines were invited to present papers and hold panel discus- active species. The second important objective is to underscore sions. While there are numerous conferences on global change, this major developments in the radiative forcing of climate due to the conference dealt specifically with the polar regions which occupy observed stratospheric ozone losses occurring between 1979 and key positions in the global system. Conference,--Global Change, 1990. Author Polar Regions, Global System Over 400 scientists from 15 different countries attended and presented 200 papers on research in the N93-11232# Alaska Univ., Fairbanks, AK. Arctic and Antarctic. The papers were distdbuted among seven INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON THE ROLE OF THE major themes and sessions, each having about three invited papers, POLAR REGIONS IN GLOBAL CHANGE: PROCEEDINGS, a dozen contdbuted papers, and 15-20 poster papers. These pa- VOLUME 1 pers, or their abstracts, are contained in the two proceedings G. WELLER, ed., C. L. WILSON, ed., and B. A. B. SEVERIN, ed. volumes. In publishing the papers we did not distinguish between Dec. 1991 362 p Conference held in Fairbanks, AK, 11-15 Jun. invited, contributed, or poster papers, but gave them all equal 1990 weight. On the final day of the conference three panels met to (Contract DE-FG06-90ER-60949) discuss problems and priorities in polar research. A summary of their (DE92-013652; CONF-9006128-VOL-1) Avail: CASI HC A16/MF recommendations follows the final section of papers. DTIC A03 The International Conference on the Role of the Polar Regions N92-34028"# National Aeronautics and Space Administration. in Global Change took place on the campus of the University of Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD. Alaska Fairbanks on 11-15 Jun. 1990. The goal of the conference GLOBAL CHANGE DATA SETS: EXCERPTS FROM THE was to define and summadze the state of knowledge on the role of MASTER DIRECTORY, VERSION 2.0 the polar regions in global change, and to identify gaps in knowledge. JOY BEIER Feb. 1992 220 p To this purpose experts in a wide vadety of relevant disciplines were (NASA-TM-107994; NAS 1.15:107994; NSSDC/WDC-A-R/S-91-34) invited to present papers and hold panel discussions. While there Avail: CASI HC A10/MF A03 are numerous conferences on global change, this conference dealt The recent awakening to the reality of human-induced changes specifically with polar regions which occupy key positions in the to the environment has resulted in an organized effort to promote global system. These two volumes of conference proceedings global change research. The goal of this research as outlined by include papers on the following topics: (1) detection and monitodng NASA's Earth System Science Committee (Earth System Science: of change; (2) climate variability and climate forcing; (3) ocean, sea A closer View, 1988) is to understand the entire Earth system on a ice, and atmosphere interactions and processes; (4) effects on biota global scale by descdbing how its component parts and their and biological feedbacks; (5) ice sheet, glacier and permafrost interactions have evolved, how they function, and how they may be responses and feedbacks; (6) paleoenvironmental studies; and, (7) expected to evolve on all timescales. The practical result is the aerosols and trace gases. DOE capacity to predict that evolution over the next decade to century. .Key vadables important for the study of global change include N93-11233# Alaska Univ., Fairbanks, AK. external forcing factors (solar radiance, UV flux), radiatively and INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON THE ROLE OF THE chemically important trace species (CO2, CH4, N20, etc.), atmo- POLAR REGIONS IN GLOBAL CHANGE: PROCEEDINGS, spheric response variables (temperature, pressure, winds), VOLUME 2 landsurface properties (dver run-off, snow cover, albedo, soil mois- G. WELLER, ed., C. L. WILSON, ed., and B. A. B. SEVERIN, ture, vegetation cover), and oceanic vadables (sea surface tam- ed. Dec. 1991 404 p Conference held in Fairbanks, AK,

33 45 ENVIRONMENT POLLUTION

11-15 Jun. 1990 are proceeding with detailed plans to reduce domestic carbon (Contract DE-FG06-90ER-60949) dioxide (CO(sub 2)) emissions. Our goal in holding the workshop (DE92-013653; CONF-9006128-VOL-2) Avail: CASI HC A18/MF and writing this report is to spark a new level of dialogue between the A04 producers and users of information on the costs and benefits of , !1' The Intamational Conference on the Role of the Polar Regions climate mitigation policies leading to the development of more cost- in Global Change took place on the campus of the University of effective policy solutions at the national and international levels. Alaska Fairbanks on 11-15 Jun. 1990. The goal of the conference DOE i i__ , was to define and summarize the state of knowledge on the role of the polar regions inglobal change, and to identify gaps in knowledge. N93-12927# Lawrence Livermore National Lab., Livermore, CA. To this purpose experts in a wide variety of relevant disciplines were A COMPUTER SIMULATION OF ECOSYSTEM PROCESSES IN :_i!_II_:i • invited to present papers and hold panel discussions. While there FORESTS FOR APPLICATION TO AIR POLLUTION, ACID are numerous conferences on global change, this conference dealt PRECIPITATION, AND GLOBAL CHANGE specifically with the polar regions which occupy key positions in the J. R. KERCHER and P. D. ANDERSON (California Univ., Berkeley.) global system. These two volumes of conference proceedings 17 Jul. 1992 9 p Presented at the 1992 Summer Computer include papers on the following topics: (1) detection and monitoring Simulation Conference, Reno, NV, 27-30 Jul. 1992 of change; (2) climate variability and climate forcing; (3) ocean, sea (Contract W-7405-ENG-48) ice, and atmosphere interactions and processes; and (4) effects on (DE92-019616; UCRL-JC-108957; CONF-920771-5) Avail: CASI biota and biological feedbacks; (5) ice sheet, glacier and permafrost HC A02/MF A01 responses and feedbacks, (6) paleoenvironmental studies; and, (7) We have developed a simulation model, TREE, of the effects aerosol and trace gases. DOE of gaseous air pollutants and acid precipitation on the forest ecosystem processes of tree productivity and growth. This model is based N93-11466# Army Engineer Topographic Labs., Fort Belvoir, VA. on an existing general model of forest ecosystem processes devel- GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE (GCC) ISSUES AND THEIR oped for regional application (FOREST-BGC) combined with an IMPACTS ON THE US ARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS existing model of plant productivity and transpiration (BACROS). JACK E. HUNTLEY and JOHN E. NEANDER Nov. 1991 136 p The former model uses daily and annual time-steps; BACROS uses (AD-A247279; TEC-SR-1) Avail: CASI HC A07/MF A02 hourly time-steps and computes gaseous pollutant (ozone) uptake. This report is a survey of recent findings and arguments within In FORESToBGC, we model the effects of ozone by reducing the scientific arena on the subject of global climate change. The productivity based on the cumulative uptake for each leaf age-class. focus of this report looks at global, continental, and regional issues, The model computations convert this reduction in productivity to a as well as surface and upper atmospheric effects. Potential re- reduction in growth. This version of the model restricts consideration sponses by the biosphere as well as the impacts on Army operations of acid precipitation to possible effects on productivity due to foliar by global climate change are examined. The geologic past provides exposure. Basic model performance has been studied for ponde- a detailed record of Earth's climate system. It also reveals changes rosa pine exposed to ozone at the USFS Chico Tree Improvement that took place in the concentration of atmospheric gasses as Center. The model simulates observed phenomena such as draw Earth's climate switched from glacial to interglacial pedods. The down of soil water during summer months. For ozone levels for the secular record of temperature shows that Earth's climate has Chico Field Site for the 1990 season, maximum daily ozone uptake warmed from 0.5 C to 0.7 C this past century. The world's populace occurred in August with peak of 2.2 x 10(exp -5) kg m(exp - 2) d(sup is injecting tremendous amounts of greenhouse gasses into the 1). Cumulative annual ozone uptake for current year needles was atmosphere at a rate where the effective doubling of pre-industdal 3.2 x 10(exp -2) kg m(exp -2) producing a 12.6 percent reduction in carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration could occur between the years productivity for current year needles and a 13.3 percent reduction in 2035 to 2050. Clouds have been found to have a net cooling effect chlorophyll and effective leaf area. Total transpiration was 0.95 m. on the global average temperature. Anthropogenic pollutants and The model is now being used to develop a terrestrial ecosystem gasses produced from biological sources may increase the amount submodel for a global scale Earth System Model (ESM) that inte- of clouds around the world, thus adding to the cooling effect. grates interacting atmospheric, oceanic, and land system compo- Aftereffects of volcanic eruption, and gasses emitted by phytoplank- nents. Algorithms from the forest model will support feedback ton that lead to cloud formation retard global warming. Weapon and calculation of the effect of forests on atmospheric physics and support systems may require upgraded data bases to match vegeta- chemistry as well as calculate effects of climate- and CO2-change tion changes due to evolving climate patterns. DTIC on forest productivity. DOE

N93-12474# Alliance to Save Energy, Washington, DC. N93-16092# California Univ., Berkeley. Lawrence Berkeley THE USES AND LIMITS OF ECONOMIC MODELS AS A Lab, CA. CLIMATE CHANGE POLICY TOOL Summary Report CARBON EMISSIONS AND SEQUESTRATION IN FORESTS: M. B. ZIMMERMANandW. A. NITZE 1991 7p Presented at the CASE STUDIES FROM SEVEN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES. Workshop on the Uses and Limits of Economic Models as a Climate VOLUME 2: GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS FROM Change Policy Tool, Washington, DC, 1-2 Feb. 1991 DEFORESTRATION IN THE BRAZILIAN AMAZON (Contract DE-FG01-91PE-10015) WILLY MAKUNDI, ed., JAYANT SATHAYE, ed., and PHILIP M. (DE92-015792; CONF-9102177-SUMM) Avail: CASI HC A02/ FEARNSIDE Aug. 1992 73 p Prepared in cooperation with EPA, MF A01 Washington, DC The Alliance to Save Energy initiated this workshop as a means (Contract DE-AC03-76SF-00098) of bdnging climate change policy makers and economists together (DE93-001526; LBL-32758-VOL-2) Avail: CASI HC A04/MF A01 on the eve of the opening negotiating session for a climate change Deforestation in Brazilian Amazonia in 1990 was releasing convention. The one and one-half day workshop was attended by 16 approximately 281-282 x 10(exp 6) metric tons (MT) of carbon on analysts who provided presentations on modeling approaches. conversion to a landscape of agriculture, productive pasture, de- There is a need for policy makers to be better able to evaluate the graded pasture, secondary forest, and regenerated forest in the growing literature estimating the potential cost of policy options. Our proportions corresponding to the equilibrium condition implied by -hope is that this report, to be presented at the conclusion of the current land-use patterns. Emissions are expressed as 'committed negotiations on the framework convention on climate change at the carbon', or the carbon released over a period of years as the carbon Earth Summit in Brazil, will help policy makers in the US and stock in each hectare deforested approaches a new equilibrium in elsewhere evaluate the costs and benefits of national climate the landscape that replaces the original forest. To the extent that change mitigation policies. Although it is still unclear how far the deforestation rates have remained constant, current releases from convention will go in requiring emissions reductions, many countries the areas deforested in previous years will be equal to the future 34 ENVIRONMENT POLLUTION 45

releases from the areas being cleared now. Considering the quan- atmosphere, and there is renewed interest in wood-based or other tities of carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, methane, nitrous oxide, renewable fuels to replace fossil fuels. Part of the enthusiasm for : r ' NO(x), and non-methane hydrocarbons released raises the impact forestry-relatsd strategies in a greenhouse context is the perception by 22-37 percent. The relative impact on the greenhouse effect of that forests not only provide greenhouse benefits but also serve each gas is based on the Intergovemmental Panel on Climate other desirable social objectives. This discussion will explore the Change (IPCC) calculations over a 20-year time period (including current range of thinking in this area and try to stimulate additional indirect effects). The six gases considered have a combined global thinking on the rationality of the forestry-based approaches and the warming impact equivalent to 343 to 386 million MT of CO2- challenges posed for US forestry. DOE equivalent carbon, depending on assumptions regarding the release of methane and other gases from the various sources such as N93-18319# National Science Foundation, Washington, DC. buming and termites. These emissions represent 7-8 times the 50 GLOBAL CHANGE RESEARCH PROGRAM: A COMPONENT million MT annual carbon release from Brazil's use of fossil fuels, but OF THE US GLOBAL CHANGE RESEARCH PROGRAM. 1993 bring little benefit to the country. Stopping deforestation in Brazil RESEARCH OPPORTUNITIES i ¸ 'i would prevent as much greenhouse emission as tripling the fuel 1992 36 p Supersedes NSF-91-33 Original contains color efficiency of all the automobiles in the wodd. The relatively cheap illustrations measures needed to contain deforestation, together with the many (NSF-92-77; NSF-91-33) Avail: CASI HC A03/MF A01 complementary benefits of doing so, make this the first pdority for The necessity for understanding our global environment, its funds intended to slow global warming. DOE natural variability, and the changes imposed on it through human activities is recognized intemationally. In the United States, the high N93-16298# Lawrence Livermore National Lab., Livermore, CA. priodty placed by the Govemment on understanding the global SENSITIVITY OF DIRECT GLOBAL WARMING POTENTIALS environment led to the establishment of the U.S. Global Change TO KEY UNCERTAINTIES Research Program. The program is an integrated research effort D. J. WUEBBLES, K. O. PATTEN, K. E. GRANT, and A. K. JAIN JuL with the goal of establishing the scientific basis for national and 1992 48p international policymaking related to natural and human-induced (Contract W-7405-ENG-48) changes in the global Earth system and their regional impacts. (DE92-041045; UCRL-ID-111461) Avail: CASI HC A03/IVlF A01 Within this program, the National Science Foundation, one of the A series of sensitivity studies examines the effect of several funding agencies, is responsible for maintaining the health of basic uncertainties in Global Warming Potentials (GWP's). For example, research in all areas of solid Earth, atmosphedc, ocean, terrestrial, the odginal evaluation of GWP's for the Intargovemmental Panel on and social sciences as well as research in polar regions. The basic Climate Change (EPCC, 1990) did not attempt to account for the research program is focused on ground-based studies on regional possible sinks of carbon dioxide (CO2) that could balance the and global scales; large-scale field programs; interpretation and use carbon cycle and produce atmosphedc concentrations of CO2 that of remotely sensed data and geographic information systems; match observations. A balanced carbon cycle model is applied in theoretical and laboratory research; research facilities support; and calculation of the radiative forcing from CO2. Use of the balanced the development of numerical models, information and communica- model produces up to 20 pct. enhancement of the GWP's for most tion systems, and data bases. Research opportunities with NSF are trace gases compared with the EPCC (1990) values for time descdbod. L.R.R. hodzons up to 100 years, but a decreasing enhancement with longer time horizons. Uncertainty limits of the fertilization feedback param- N93-18405# Department of Energy, Washington, DC. Office of eter contribute a 10 pct. range in GWP values. Another systematic Health and Environmental Research. uncertainty in GWP's is the assumption of an equilibdum atmo- GLOBAL CHANGE RESEARCH: SUMMARIES OF RESEARCH sphere (one in which the concentration of trace gases remains IN FY 1992 constant) versus a disequilibrium atmosphere. The latter gives Oct. 1992 196 p GWP's that are 15 to 30 pct. greater than the former, dependening (DE93-002859; DOE/ER-0565T) Avail: CASI HC A09/MF A03 upon the CO2 emission scenario chosen. Seven scenarios are Greenhouse gases result from both natural and man-made employed: constant emission past 1990 and the six EPCC (1992) processes and include carbon dioxide (CO2), nitrogen oxides emission scenarios. For the analysis of uncertainties inatmospheric (N(x)O(y)), methane, chlorofluorocarbons, halogenated compounds, lifetime (tan), the GWP changes in direct proportion to tau for short water vapor, and others. Since the industrial revolution, the atmo- lived gases, but to a lesser extent for gases with tau greater than the spheric concentrations of several greenhouse gases have been time horizon for the GWP calculation. DOE increasing, pdmadly because of human activities. These increases have the potential to cause global climate change through increased N93-17209# Oak Ridge National Lab., TN. radiative forcing. Global climate change is a significant issue for the GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE: SOME IMPLICATIONS, Department of Energy (DOE) because energy production and use OPPORTUNITIES, AND CHALLENGES FOR US FORESTRY now contdbute more than half of the total man-made emissions of G. MARLAND 1991 16p Presented at the 21st Southem Forest greenhouse gases on a global basis. The missions of the Department's Tree Improvement Conference, Knoxville, TN, 17-20 Jun. 1991 Global Change Research Program are: to predict the future atmo- (Contract DE-AC05-84OR-21400) spheric concentrations of CO2 and other energy-related green- (DE92-040874; CONF-9106396-1) Avail: CASI HC A03/MF A01 house gases; to predict the future and magnitude of potential climate It is widely agreed that the concentration of greenhouse gases change caused by the enhanced greenhouse effect; to understand in the earth's atmosphere is increasing, that this increase is a both the direct impacts of greenhouse-gas emissions on biota and consequence of man's activities, and that there is significant risk the indirect consequences produced by climate change; to assess that this will lead to changes in the earth's climate. The question is the impacts of global climate change on energy systems and energy now being discussed what, if anything, we should be doing to demand; and to develop and assess the potential of mitigation and minimize and/or adapt to changes in climate. Virtually every state- adaptation technologies and practices to offset or limit the impact of ment on this matter, from the US Office of Technology Assessment, any potential climate change or to facilitate natural and societal to the National Academy of Science, to the Nalrobi Declaration on adjustment to the environmental, social, and economic conse- .Climatic Change, includes some recommendation for planting and quences of global climate changes. The information produced by protecting forests. In fact, forestry is intimately involved in the these activities is necessary in order to assess the economic and climate change debate for several reasons: changing climate pat- environmental costs and benefits of both potential climate change tems will affect existing forests, tropical deforestation is one of the caused by the effects of greenhouse gases and implementing major sources of greenhouse gases to the atmosphere, reforesta- different technologies and energy-policy options aimed at prevent- tion projects could remove additional carbon dioxide from the ing, mitigating, or adapting to such change. This document de-

35 • ,i_ I _i _

45 ENVIRONMENT POLLUTION

scribes the activities and products of the Global Change Research that integrate text, bibliographic, numeric and visual data are needed Program in FY 1992. DOE to support these global change communities. No one information center can hope to collect all the relevant data. Rather, we must form N93-18864 National Academy of Sciences. National Research a coalition, North and South, to collect and provide access to Council, Washington, DC. Commission on Geosciences, Environ- disparate, multidisciplinary sources of information, and to develop ment, and Resources. standardized tools for documenting and manipulating this data and THE US GLOBAL CHANGE RESEARCH PROGRAM: EARLY information. International resources need to be mobilized in a ACHIEVEMENTS AND FUTURE DIRECTIONS coordinated manner to move us towards this goal. This paper looks JOHN S. PERRY 1992 23 p Sponsored in part by NSF, NASA, at emerging information technologies that can be utilized to build NOAA, US Geological Survey, US Dept. of Agriculture, Office of such a system, and outlines some cooperative North/South strate- Naval Research, and DOE gies. Author (Contract NSF OCE-92-11921 ) Copyright Avail: Issuing Activity N93-21211# National Geophysical Data Center, Boulder, CO. World Almost a decade ago, a NASA-sponsored workshop called for Data Center A for Solid Earth Geophysics. a research initiative in the earth and life sciences directed at an GLOBAL CHANGE DATA BASE TRAINING EXERCISE

.L intensely pragmatic question: How can we ensure the continuing MANUAL. EXPLORING EARTH'S ENVIRONMENT: AFRICA AS habitability of our globe in the face of continued expansion in human AN EXAMPLE numbers and activity? This question led to the development of MICHELLE FULK, ed. (Clark Univ., Worcester, MA.) and DAVID massive national and international reseamh programs that built on HASTINGS, ed. Jun. 1992 167 p Sponsored in part by Interagency a long tradition of large-scale field programs in the earth sciences. Working Group on Data Management for Global Change; Intema- Views on what has been accomplished over the last decade are tional Geosphere-Biosphere Programme's Working Group on Data presented. These views are drawn primarily from the author's and Information Systems; and International Council of Scientific expedence. The following issues in which global change has made Unions Research a discernible difference are discussed: ozone depletion; the bio- (PB92-224682; SE-48) Avail: CASI HC A08/MF A02 sphere and the climate system; aerosols and climate; el nino- The manual attempts to provide economical and convenient southern oscillation; the global carbon cycle; understanding past ways for researchers and schools to explore the global environment, environments; economic and other human dimensions; the bio- and to analyze phenomena of global change. The complete package sphere; integrated modeling of the earth system; and linkage be- includes the data base (extracted from the Global Change Data tween science and policy. Author Base, supplemented with selected data sets for Africa), documentation for the data base, this workshop manual, and the user's choice N93-19505# Colorado Univ., Boulder, CO. Cooperative Inst. for of raster Geographic Information System (GIS) including its own Research in Environmental Sciences. documentation and training materials. Presently, most research on THERMOHALINE CIRCULATIONS AND GLOBAL CLIMATE the global environment has focused on either localized detailed CHANGE Report, 15 Jan, - 14 Dec. 1992 studies (such as with high-resolution satellite imagery), or very H.P. HANSON 1992 6p coarse-scale (2.5 to 5 degree resolution) regional and global mod- (Contract DE-FG02-90ER-61019) eling studies primarily of the oceans or atmosphere. In contrast, (DE93-004601; DOE/ER-61019/3) Avail: CASI HC A02/MF A01 relatively little has been done at medium scales ranging from 1/4 to This report discusses rasearch activities conducted during the 100 km (approximately .3 to 60 arc-minutes), with the exception of period 15 January 1992 to 14 December 1992. Thermohaline pioneering work with the satellite-derived 'vegetation index' and Cimulations and Global Climate Change is concemed with investi- other products derived from NOAA's AVHRR sensor. Other existing gating the hypothesis that changes in surface thermal and hydrologi- data sets at these medium scales are sketchily developed and cal forcing of the North Atlantic, changes that might be expected to inadequately accessible in usable form. Yet, information at this accompany CO2-induced global warming, could result in ocean- scale can reveal interesting phenomena that may be significant over atmosphere interactions' exerting a positive feedback on the climate nations, regions, continents, and the world. It can provide a useful system. Because the North Atlantic is the source of much of the context for high resolution studies of internal interest to many global ocean's reservoir of deep water, and because this deep water countries. Thus, it is with the goal of furthering research at this could sequester large amounts of anthropogenically produced CO2, medium resolution, and linking itwith work at the two extremes, that changes in the rate of deep-water production are important to future the Global Change Data Base has been inspired. NTIS climates. Since deep-water Production is controlled, in part, by the annual cycle of the atmospheric forcing of the North Atlantic, and N93-21695# Office of Science and Technology, Washing- since this forcing depends strongly on both hydrological and thermal ton, DC. processes as well as the windstrass, there is the potential for US GLOBAL CHANGE DATA AND INFORMATION feedback between the relatively short-term response of the atmo- MANAGEMENT PROGRAM PLAN: A REPORT BY THE sphere to changing radiative forcing and the longer-term processes COMMITTEE ON EARTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES in the oceans. Work over the past 11 months has proceeded 24 Aug. 1992 107 p according to the continuation discussion of last January and several (PB93-101293) Avail: CASI HC A06/MF A02 new results have arisen. DOE The importance of the effective management of data and information on global change has been highlighted by the U.S. N93-19940"# National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Global Change Research Program (USGCRP) as an area requiring Washington, DC. special emphasis. The importance was undedined by the establish- GLOBAL CHANGE INFORMATION SUPPORT: A NORTH- ment last year of a set of seven U.S. policy statements for global SOUTH COALITION change data management, which form a basis for the report. In WALTER R. BLADOS and GLADYS A. COTTER Jan. 1993 addition, the report responds to the several studies and reviews of 13p the critical program area by the National Academy of Sciences. The (NASA-TM-108983; NAS 1.15:108983) Avail: CASI HC A03/ report not only provides the framework for the global change data MF A01 and information management program but commits the participating On a daily basis we become more aware that our planet, earth, agencies to work with each other, with academia, and with the exists in a delicate balance; we, its inhabitants, must be informed international community in its implementation. It also describes the caretakers. Global change communities have emerged around the programs of the participating agencies and outlines the next steps globe to address this multidisciplinary subject. Information systems to be taken in the program. NTIS

36 ENVIRONMENT POLLUTION 45

.... L i N93-21696# Federal Coordinating Council for Science, Engineer- tions conceming the use of four climate model projections in forest ing and Technology, Washington, DC. Committee on Earth and assessments. Some primary sources of inter-model variability in- Environmental Sciences. clude model version (age), numerical solution technique, time and ECONOMICS AND GLOBAL CHANGE: THE FY 1993 space resolution, and parameterization schemes. Model version RESEARCH PROGRAM ON THE ECONOMICS OF GLOBAL generally impacts the time and space resolution and choice of CHANGE. A SUPPLEMENT TO THE US PRESIDENT'S FY 1993 parameterization schemes. Magnitude of change vades widely, but BUDGET AND A COMPANION DOCUMENTTO OUT CHANGING the four GCM's examined here all project warmer air temperatures PLANET and higher humidities throughout the year, decreasing cloud cover Jan. 1992 69 p during the Fall, Winter, and Spring seasons and increasing summer- (PB93-101244) Avail: CASI HC A04/MF A01 time precipitation for the South and Southeastem U.S. Although ,i The report identifies three critical thrust areas for Fiscal Year some consensus among models over large geographic regions can 1993:(1 ) global economic models for the analysis of global environ- be identified, there is as yet, no established means of determining mental change; (2) uncertainty and the value of information; and (3) the confidence that can be placed in these outlooks. GCM output the economic effects of global change. Each thrust area identified in should be combined with historical case studies and empidcai and the year's program fills a critical need as the authors consider policy semi-empirically constructed climate scenarios to provide a range of responses to global change. Our Nation's environmental and eco- possible climatological futures. Author nomic well-being is integrally linked to the actions and well-being of the rest of the world. Improved economic models are essential to N93-24334# National Geophysical Data Center, Boulder, CO. improve understanding of these links and to the ability of the United GLOBAL ECOSYSTEMS DATABASE. VERSION 1.0 (ON CD- :iil;i_!: States to develop and negotiate effective and cost-effective global ROM). EPA GLOBAL CLIMATE RESEARCH PROGRAM. NOAA/ environmental strategies. Author NGDC GLOBAL CHANGE DATABASE PROGRAM. USER'S GUIDE. VOLUME 1. NGDC KEY TO GEOPHYSICAL RECORDS DOCUMENTATION NO. 26 ,? N93-22972# Oak Ridge National Lab., TN. GLOBAL WARMING IMPACTS OF CFC ALTERNATIVE J. J. KINEMAN Jun. 1992 138 p Sponsored by Corvallis TECHNOLOGIES: COMBINING FLUOROCARBON AND CO2 Enviommental Research Lab., OR EFFECTS (PB93-146082; EPA/600/R-92/194A) Avail: CASI HC A07/MF A02 P. D. FAIRCHILD, S. K. FISCHER, and P. J. HUGHES 1992 14 p The user's guide gives a complete description of the overall Presented at the International Energy Agency (lEA) Heat Pump project, including management, research, development, and review Center Workshop, Merligen, Switzerland, 12-13 Oct. 1992 procedures that support the integration and improvement of this (Contract DE-AC05-84OR-21400) database, details of the database structure, organization of the CD- (DE93-002347; CONF-9210198-1) Avail: CASI HC A03/MF A01 ROM, information on use with geographic information systems, and Chlorofiuorocarbons (CFCs) are on their way out, due to their as information on links between the database and global change role in stratospheric ozone depletion and the related intemational characterization and modeling. NTIS Montreal Protocol agreement and various national phaseout time- tables. As the research, engineering development, and manufactur- N93-24645# National Geophysical Data Center, Boulder, CO. ing investment decisions have ensued to prepare for this transition GLOBAL ECOSYSTEMS DATABASE. VERSION 1.0 (ON CD- away from CFCs, the climate change issue has emerged and there ROM). EPA GLOBAL CLIMATE RESEARCH PROGRAM. NOAA/ has recently been increased attention on the direct global warming NGDC GLOBAL CHANGE DATABASE PROGRAM. potential (GWP) of the fluorocarbon alternatives as greenhouse DOCUMENTATION MANUAL, DlSC-A. VOLUME 1. NGDC KEY gases. However, there has been less focus on the indirect global TO GEOPHYSICAL RECORDS DOCUMENTATION NO. 27 warming effect arising from end-use energy changes and associ- J. J. KINEMAN and M. A. OHRENSCHALL Jun. 1992 247 p ated CO2 emissions. A study was undertaken to address these Sponsored by Corvallis Environmental Research Lab., OR combined global warming effects. The concept of Total Equivalent (PB93-146090; EPA/600/R-92/194B) Avail: CASI HC A11/MF A03 Warming Impact (TEWI) was developed for combining the direct and The Documentation Manual contains descdptive information indirect effects and was used for evaluating CFC-replecement about each data-set and exact file descriptions for each element in options available in the required CFC transition time frame. Analy- the data-set. The data-set descriptions are structured according to ses of industry technology surveys indicate that CFC-user industries a precise template that is described in detail (Documentation Tem- have made substantial progress toward near-equal energy effi- plate Definitions). The Data-Set Description provides an in-depth ciency with many HCFC/HFC altematives. The findings also bring identification and tracking of the data-set and its technical proper- into question the relative importance of the direct effect in many ties, and gives key references for the data-set. At the end of this applications and stress energy efficiency when searching for suit- description is a summary of any Data Integration and Quality work able CFC aitematives. For chillers, household refrigeretors, and associated with the project. Such work may range from simple unitary air-conditioning or heat pump equipment, changes in effi- format conversion to complicated re-structuring, interpolation, and ciency of only 2-5 percent would have a greater effect on future TEWI testing. A user's guide is provided as a separate document. In than completely eliminating the direct effect. DOE addition to their printed versions, the User's Guide and Documenta- tion Manuals are provided in computer-readable form (bit-mapped

, J N93-24015# Environmental Protection Agency, Research Tdangle image format) on the CD-ROM's. Reprints of the Pdmary Refer- Park, NC. Atmospheric Research and Exposure Assessment Lab. ences, including published joumal articles, if applicable, are pro- GENERAL CIRCULATION MODEL OUTPUT FOR FOREST vided separately from the Documentation Manual as scanned image CLIMATE CHANGE RESEARCH AND APPLICATIONS files on the CD-ROM. Repdnts are assembled from available reports ELLEN J. COOTER, BRIAN K. EDER, SHARON K. LEDUC, and and publications, with permission from the authors and publishers. LAWRENCETRUPPI Nov. 1992 63 p Only materials that are directly relevant to documenting the data- (PB93-124626; EPA/600/R-92/217) Avail: CASI HC A04/MF A01 sets are reproduced. _ NTIS General Circulation Models (GCM's) have projected global warming of from 3 to 8 degrees F to take place over a period of from N93-24977# Los Alamos National Lab., NM. "50 to 100 years. The Forest Service Southem Global Change ANALYSIS OF LARI SENSOR SYSTEM Final Report Program (SGCP) has proposed the use of GCM output as input to RICHARD N. PFISTERER (Breault Research Organization, Tuc- forest assessment models to estimate the potential impacts of son, AZ.), GARY L. PETERSON (Breault Research Organization, climate changes on forests of the South and Southeastern U.S. The Tucson, AZ.), and ROBERT P. BREAULT (Breault Research Orga- report reviews, organizes, summarizes and makes recommenda- nization, Tucson, AZ.) 25 Nov. 1992 18 p Prepared in cooperation

37 _i_¸¸_i! ; _'_. i

45 ENVIRONMENT POLLUTION

with Breault Research Organization, Inc., Tucson, AZ change on the South, as well as questions about how management (Contract W-7405-ENG-36) practices and policies should be modified in order to adapt to or (DE93-006334; LA-SUB-93-4) Avail: CASI HC A03/MF A01 mitigate these effects. The SGCP will provide information necessary Los Alamos National Labs (LANL) is developing a new space to meet the challenge of maintaining forest health, productivity, and sensor for examination of global warming effects. This sensor is diversity in the face of global environmental change. This document called LARI (Los Alamos Radiometric Instrument) and is a next describes the activities of the SGCP and identifies its relationship to generation follow-on to the ERBE instrument launched several the U.S. Global Change Research Program. NTIS years ago. Breault Research Organization, inc. (BRO) is pleased to offer engineering consulting services for the development of this N93-29672# New Energy and Industrial Technology Development sensor. The goal of the consultation is to assist LANL engineers with Organization, Tokyo (Japan). the conceptual design of the LARI instrument. While the contract TREND SURVEY ON THE ELUCIDATION OF THE GLOBAL specifically stated that computer analyses would not be performed, WARMING MECHANISM BY THE GOVERNMENTS OF MAJOR we felt that some minimum level of computation effort would add INDUSTRIALIZED NATIONS more substance to the conclusions. DOE Mar. 1992 18p (DE93-776427; NEDO-ITE-9108) Avail: CASI HC A03/MFA01 N93-25144# Oak Ridge National Lab., TN. Carbon Dioxide Infor- This report reviewed 'Trend survey on the elucidation of the mation Analysis Center. global warming mechanism in the govemments of major industrial- TRENDS '91: A COMPENDIUM OF DATA ON GLOBAL CHANGE. ized nations', which has been conducted by EPDC (Electric Power HIGHLIGHTS Development Co.) in FY 1991 and is administered by NEDO. THOMAS A. BODEN, ed., ROBERT J. SEPANSKI, ed., and Presented are positive stances of the govemmants of major indus- FREDERICK W. STOSS, ed. Mar. 1992 71 p tdalized nations on their science and technology policies to carry out (Contract DE-AC05-84OR-21400) intemational tasks, such as global environmental issues, resources (DE93-003112; ORNL/CDIAC-49) Avail: CASI HC A04/MF A01 and energy problems, etc., or to strengthen their industrial competi- The Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center (CDIAC) at tive abilities. Also described are the energy policies of world nations, Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) was prompted to produce which reflect their global environmental policies and strategies. In the series Trends, a concise inventory of data in response to taking approaches to global environmental issues of major nations, heightened concem about global environmental issues, in particular the U.S. administration spends by far the largest funds for survey climate changes induced by the greenhouse effect. Extracts from and studies to elicidate the scientific mechanism of these problems, Trends '91 are presented to illustrate the content, style, and presen- which is reflected in the U.S. policy of giving pdodty to the accumu- tation of data contained in the full 700-page report. A listing of the lation of scientific knowledge in dealing with problems of climate investigators contributing data for Trends '91 is included. In addition, changes. Furthermore, a feasibility study on CO2 recovery, trans- it contains the abstract, foreward, and acknowledgements, as well portation and disposal technologies is introduced, which is currently as the introduction and a sample data record from each of the planned by the lEA. DOE reports's five chapters. The topics covered are atmospheric CO2, atmospheric CH4, other trace gases, CO2 emissions, and tempera- N93-30009# Oak Ridge National Lab., TN. ture. Appendix A provides information about CDIAC and its activities WHAT'S PAST IS PROLOGUE: SUPPORTING GLOBAL related to global environmental issues. Appendix B lists the contents CHANGE RESEARCH WITH HISTORICAL DATA of the full report. An order form for obtaining a free copy of Trends R. B. HONEA, C. L. FLOYD (Communication and Information '91 is found in Appendix C. DOE Technology, Inc., TN.), and R. W. PEPLIES (East Tennessee State Univ., Johnson City.) 1993 9 p Presented at the Annual Meeting N93-25837# Mitre Corp., McLean, VA. Program Office. of the American Society of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, SMALL SATELLITES AND RPA'S IN GLOBAL-CHANGE New Orleans, LA, 16-18 Feb. 1993 RESEARCH (Contract DE-AC05-84OR-21400) P. BANKS, J. CORNWALL, F. DYSON, N. FORTSON, and R. (DE93-005777; CONF-930244-2) Avail: CASI HC A02/MF A01 GARWIN 1 Dec. 1992 207 p This paper discusses an ongoing effort to analyze historical (AD-A260762; JSR-91-330) Avail: CASI HC A10/MF A03 remote sensing data and to develop a technology to integrate this This report contains an investigation of those global change analysis into a common framework with the satellite imagery. science problems that can be addressed by remotely piloted aircraft Historical data and metadata from aircraft remote sensor missions, or by small satellites, including the relationship to the NASA EOS satellite overflights, and other sources from around the world will be program. New types of measurements that could be made possible used to develop detailed information on the histodcal changes inthe by such satellite or aircraft platforms are pointed out. Issues of earth's land, water, and atmosphedc resources. DOE technical feasibility and cost are examined, as well as the role of new technology developed through DOD and other programs. Possible N94-13079# New York Univ., New York, NY. Dept. of Applied joint DOD/GIobal Science satellite missions are also discussed. Science. DTIC THE ROLE OF CLOUDS AND OCEANS IN GLOBAL GREEN- HOUSE WARMING N93-27410# Forest Service, Asheville, NC. Southeastern Forest M. I. HOFFERT Dec. 1992 21 p Experiment Station. (Contract DE-FG02-90ER-61014) SOUTHERN GLOBAL CHANGE PROGRAM. DETERMINING (DE93-016206; DOE/ER-61014/3) Avail: CASI HC A03/MF A01 THE RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN AIR POLLUTANTS, CLIMATE Dudng the past three years we have conducted several studies CHANGE, AND SOUTHERN FORESTS Forest Service General using models and a combination of satellite data, in situ meteorologi- Technical Report cal and oceanic data, and paleoclimate reconstructions, under the 29 Mar. 1993 30 p DoE program, 'Quantifying the Link Betwean Change in Radiative (PB93-176246; FSGTR-SE-79) Avail: CASI HC A03/MF A01 Balance and Atmospheric Temperature.' Our goals were to investi- The Southeastam and Southern Forest Expedmant Stations of gate the effects of global cloudiness variations on global climate and •the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Forest Service their implications for cloud feedback and continue development and chartered a joint research initiative in 1990 called the Southem application of NYU transient climate/ocean models, with emphasis Global Change Program (SGCP). The SGCP was developed to on coupled effects of greenhouse warming and feedbacks by both improve our understanding of the interactions among southem the clouds and oceans. Our original research plan emphasized the forests, air pollution, and climate change. The SGCP will address use of cloud, surface temperature, and ocean data sets interpreted questions about the ecological and socioeconomic impacts of global by focused climate/ocean models to develop a cloud radiative 38 L r

ENVIRONMENT POLLUTION 45

forcing scenario for the past 100 years and to assess the transient exist at this time. Within New England, regulators and utilities have climate response; to narrow key uncertainties in the system; and to also held several workshops and meetings to discuss altamative identify those aspects of the climate system most likely to be methods of incorporating extemalitias as well as the feasibility of affected by greenhouse warming over short, medium, and long time regional approaches. This study examines the potential for reduced scales. DOE carbon emissions in the New England power sector as well as the cost and rate impacts of two policy approaches: environmental N94-15896"# Oregon State Univ., Corvallis, OR. Coll. of extemality surcharges and a target- based approach. We analyze ?!i_ii Forestry. the following questions: Does New England have sufficient low- DRIVING TERRESTRIAL ECOSYSTEM MODELS FROM SPACE carbon resources to achieve significant reductions (10% to 20% R. H. WARING In JPL, Proceedings of the Third Spacebome below current levels) in fossil carbon emissions in its utility sector? Imaging Radar Symposium p 135-142 28 May 1993 What reductions could be achieved at a maximum? What is the Avail: CASI HC A02/MF A04 expected cost of carbon reductions as a function of the reduction Regional air pollution, land.use conversion, and projected goal? How would carbon reduction strategies affect electricity rates? climate change all affect ecosystem processes at large scales. How effective are environmental externality cost surcharges as an Changes in vegetation cover and growth dynamics can impact the instrument in bringing about carbon reductions? To what extent functioning of ecosystems, carbon fluxes, and climate. As a result, could the minimization of total electricity costs alone result in carbon there is a need to assess and monitor vegetation structure and reductions relative to conventional rasoume plans?. DOE function comprehensively at regional to global scales. To provide a test of our present understanding of how ecosystems operate at N94-17762"# Nebraska Univ., Lincoln, NE. Dept. of Agricultural large scales we can compare model predictions of CO2, 02, and Meteorology. i_i_i__i_ methane exchange with the atmosphere against regional measure- BIOPHYSICAL CHARACTERIZATION AND SURFACE ments of interannual variation in the atmospheric concentration of RADIATION BALANCE Final Report, 15 Sep. 1991 - 14 Sep. these gases. Recent advances in remote sensing of the Earth's 1993 surface are beginning to provide methods for estimating important ELIZABETH A. WALTER-SHEA, BLAINE L. BLAD, MARK A. i!: .... ecosystem variables at large scales. Ecologists attempting to gen- MESARCH, CYNTHIA J. HAYS, and PATRICK J. STARKS 14 eralize across landscapes have made extensive use of models and Sep. 1993 97 p remote sensing technology. The success of such ventures is depen- (Contract NAG5-1762) dent on merging insights and expertise from two distinct fields. (NASA-CR-194659; NAS 1.26:194659) Avail: CASI HC A05/ Ecologists must provide the understanding of how well models MF A02 • i emulate important biological variables and their interactions; ex- The Kursk 1991 Experiment (KUREX-91) was conducted as perts in remote sensing must provide the biophysical interpretation one of a suite of international studies to develop capabilities to of complex optical reflectance and radar backscatter data. monitor global change. The studies were designed specifically to Author (revised) understand the earth's land-surface vegetation and atmosphedc boundary layer interaction. An intensive field campaign was con- N94-16445# Pacific Northwest Lab., Richland, WA. ducted at a site near Kursk, Russia dudng the month of July in 1991 GLOBAL CHANGE RESEARCH: SCIENCE AND POLICY by a team of intemational scientists to aid in the understanding of S. RAYNER May 1993 20 p Presented at the Global Change land-surface-atmosphere interactions in an agricultural/grassland Research: Science and Policy Meeting, Washington, DC, 17 May setting. We were one of several teams of scientists participating at 1993 KUREX-91 at the Straletskaya Steppe Researve near Kursk, Rus- (Contract DE-AC06-76RL-01830) sia. The main goals of our research were to: (1) characterize (DE93-015675; PNL-SA-22390; CONF-9305219-1 ) Avail: CASI HC biophysical properties of the praide vegetation; and (2) to character- A03/MF A01 ize radiation regime through measurements and from estimates This report characterizes certain aspects of the Global Change dedved from canopy bidirectional reflectance data. Four objectives Research Program of the U.S. Govemment, and its relevance to the were defined to achieve these goals: (1) determine dependence of short and medium term needs of policy makers in the public and leaf optical properties on leaf water potential of some dominant private sectors. It addresses some of the difficulties inherent in the species in discrete wavebands in the visible, near-infrared, and mid- science and policy interface on the issues of global change. Finally, infrared (spanning 0.4-2.3 microns range); (2) charactedze the this report offers some proposals for improving the science for policy effective leaf area index (LAI) and leaf angle distribution of pralde process in the context of global environmental change. DOE vegetation; (3) characterize the radiation regime of the prairie vegetation through measures of the radiation balance components; N94-17289# California Univ., Berkeley. Lawrence Berkeley and (4) examine, develop, and test methods for estimating albedo, Lab, CA. APAR, and LAI from canopy bidirectional reflectance data. Papers INCORPORATING GLOBAL WARMING RISKS IN POWER which were the result of the research efforts are included. SECTOR PLANNING. VOLUME 1: A CASE STUDY OF THE Author (revised) NEW ENGLAND REGION F. KRAUSE, J. BUSCH, and JoKOOMEY Nov. 1992 127 p N94-19930# Pacific Northwest Lab., Richland, WA. (Contract DE-AC03-76SF-00098) HEALTH EFFECTS OF GLOBAL WARMING: PROBLEMS IN (DE93-015241; LBL-30797-VOL-1) Avail: CASI HC A07/MF A02 ASSESSMENT Growing international concem over the threat of global climate J. LONGSTRETH Jun. 1993 11 p Presented atthe International change has led to proposals to buy insurance against this threat by Conference on Comparative Risks Analysis of Air Pollution Issues reducing emissions of carbon (shod for carbon dioxide) and other and Pdodty Setting, Denver, CO, 6-11 Jun. 1993 greenhouse gases below current levels. Concem over these and (Contract DE-AC06-76RL-01830) other, non-climatic environmental effects of electricity generation (DE93-040323; PNL-SA-22711; CO NF-930656-1) Avail: CASI HC has led a number of states to adopt or explore new mechanisms for A03/MF A01 incorporating environmental extemalitias in utility resource plan- Global warming is likely to result in a variety of environmental . ning. For example, the New York and Massachusetts utility commis- effects ranging from impacts on species diversity, changes in sions have adopted monetized surcharges (or adders) to induce population size in flora and fauna, increases in sea level, and emission reductions of federally regulated air pollutants (notably, possible impacts on the pdmary productivity of the sea. Potential SO(sub 2), NO(sub x), and particulates) beyond federally mandated impacts on human health and welfare have included possible levels. These regulations also include preliminary estimates of the increases in heat related mortality, changes in the distribution of cost of reducing carbon emissions, for which no federal regulations disease vectors, and possible impacts on respiratory diseases

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including hayfever and asthma. Most of the focus thus far is on (Contract W-7405-ENG-48) effects which are directly related to increases in temperature, e.g., (DE94-007846; UCRL-ID-115850) Avail: CASI HC A07 heat stress or perhaps one step removed, e.g., changes in vector The purpose of this report is to give an interim account of the distribution. Some of the more severe impacts are likely to be much progress being made at Lawrence Livermora National Laboratory less direct, e.g., increases in migration due to agricultural failure (LLNL) in developing an improved capability for assessing the direct following prolonged droughts. This paper discusses two possible and indirect effects on Global Warming Potentials. Much of our approaches to the study of these less-direct impacts of global current efforts are being devoted to improving the capability for warming and presents information from on-going reseamh using modeling of global tropospheric processes in our state-of-the-art each of these approaches. DOE zonally-averaged chemical radiative-transport model of the troposphere and stratosphere. These efforts are in preparation for an N94-27430"# Alabama Univ., Huntsville, AL. improved evaluation and better quantification of the indirect GWP's GLOBAL CHANGE RESEARCH RELATED TO THE EARTH'S resulting from effects on tropospheric ozone from ethane and other ENERGY AND HYDROLOGIC CYCLE Report No. 1, 1 Sep. gases with significant human-related emissions. There are three 1993 - 28 Feb. 1994 major findings that should result from this project that should have DONALD J. PERKEY 10 Mar. 1994 72 p significant impacts on EPA and its programs. First,,the current and (Contract NCC8-22) ongoing studies of the direct and indirect GWP's should have a (NASA-CR-195270; NAS 1.26:195270) Avail: CASI HC A04/MF A01 significant influence on the continuing national and international The following are discussed: Geophysical Modeling and Pro- assessments of climate change. Second, the improved capability for cesses; Land Surface Processes and Atmospheric Interactions; modeling of chemical and physical processes should lead to en- Remote Sensing Technology and Geophysical Retrievals; and hanced understanding of the controlling factors influencing ozone, Scientific Data Management and Visual Analysis. CASI hydroxyl and other key tropospheric constituents. Third, the enhanced modeling capability should be important to future studies of N94-28473# Department of Energy, Washington, DC. Office of human-ralated influences on tropospheric and stratospheric chemi- Energy Research. cal processes. DOE GLOBAL CHANGE RESEARCH: SUMMARIES OF RESEARCH IN FY 1993 N94-32920 Institute of Energy Economics of Japan. Oct. 1993 230 p CURRENT POLICIES OF THE MAJOR COUNTRIES COPING (DE94-003150; DOE/ER-0597T) Avail: CASI HC A11/MF A03 WITH THE GLOBAL WARMING PROBLEM AND-THE ENERGY This document describes the activities and products of the DEMAND AND SUPPLY Global Reseamh Program in FY 1993. This publication describes all 10 Nov. 1993 193 p Limited Reproducibility: More than 20% of this of the projects funded by the Environmental Sciences Division of document may be affected by microfiche quality DOE under annual contracts, grants, and interagency agreements (DE94-757291; IEE-SR-248) Avail: CASI HC A09 in FY 1993. Each description contains the project's title; Its 3-year Investigation and analysis were made of attitude maintained by funding history (in thousands of dollars); the period over which the the US, EC, Germany and France to cope with the global warming funding applies; the name(s) of the principal investigator(s); the and energy problems after the conclusion of the Framework Con- institution(s) conducting the projects; and the project's objectives, vention on Climate Change. Intending to take large scale and long products, approach, and results to date (for most projects older than term measures, the US framed the Energy Policy Act, ratified the 1 year). Project descriptions are categorized within the report Convention and announced the Action Program. For the environ- according to program areas: climate modeling, quantitative links, mental protection, the EC maintains a positive attitude however with global carbon cycle, vegetation reseamh, ocean research, econom- rather weak measures taken. All EC's program to decrease CO2 ics of global climate change, education, information and integration, emissions aims at the compensation of decrease in East Germany and NIGEC. Within these categories, the descriptions are grouped for the increase in South Europe. However, if the carbon energy tax alphabetically by principal investigator. Each program area is pre- can not be introduced, it is difficult to achieve the aim. Germany has ceded by a brief text that defines the program area, states its goals the most drastic aim established to decrease CO2 emissions by 25 and objectives, lists principal research questions, and identifies to 30%. Even after achieving the aim, Germany will be equal to the program managers. DOE present EC in CO2 emissions per person. Therefore, German people are judged to be not considerably sacrificial. Having posi- N94-32790# Argonne National Lab., IL. tively introduced the nuclear power since the oil crisis, France is a NATIONAL US PUBLIC POLICY ON GLOBAL WARMING developed country where CO2 emissions are very small per person, DERIVED FROM OPTIMIZATION OF ENERGY USE AND aiming at stabilization of the emissions. DOE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STUDIES R. RECK 1993 7 p Presented at the International Symposium on N94-35503" Jet Propulsion Lab., California Inst. of Tech., Pasa- Environmental Policy for ESSD Achievement, Seoul, Republic of dena, CA. Korea, 22-23 Oct. 1993 INSIGHT TO GLOBAL CHANGE: EOS/SAR MISSION (Contract W-31-109-ENG-38) (Videotape) (DE94-004606; ANL/ER/CP-81397; CONF-9310249-1) Avail: CASI Jun. 1990 Videotape: 8 min. 30 sec. playing time, in color, with sound HC A02/MF A01 (NASA-CR-196133; NONP-NASA-VT-94-15911) Avaih CASI VHS This paper will discuss possible United States policy responses A01/BETA A22 to global warming. The components of a voluntary program for This video presentation describes the methods and instrumen- emissions control will be presented as well as regulatory options tation used to help in determining future climate changes on Earth including a carbon tax and tradeable permits. The advantages and and explains the benefits of experimentation with synthetic aperture disadvantages of both options will be discussed as well as the need radar (SAR). It also gives a better understanding of the burning of for a consistent overall policy response to climate change. DOE fossil fuels, deterioration of the biosphere and deforestation of the rain forest which causes the green house effect. CASI N94-32817 Lawrence Livermora National Lab., Livermora, CA. • QUANTIFIED ESTIMATES OF TOTAL GWPS FOR GREEN- N94-36987"# National Academy of Sciences - National Research HOUSE GASES TAKING INTO ACCOUNT TROPOSPHERIC Council, Washington, DC. Commission on Behavioral and Social CHEMISTRY Sciences and Education. D. J. WUEBBLES, J. S. TAMARESIS, and K. O. PATTEN Nov. SCIENCE PRIORITIES FOR THE HUMAN DIMENSIONS OF 1993 130 p Limited Reproducibility: More than 20% of this GLOBAL CHANGE document may be affected by microfiche quality 1994 42 p Sponsored in part by NASA, Washington, NOAA, Dept. 4O ENVIRONMENT POLLUTION 45

of Commerce, Geological Survey, Dept. of Interior, Dept. of Agricul- These initiatives will build upon the capabilities of the U.S. program

/ iii ture, Office of Naval Research, Dept. of Navy and DOE in global change. DOE (Contract NSF OCE-93-13563) Avail: CASI HC A03/MF A01 N92-70838 Lawrence Livermora National Lab., Livermora, CA. The topics covered include the following: defining reseamh EXPLORING GLOBAL CHANGE: THE BENEFITS AND needs; understanding land use change; improving policy analysis DISADVANTAGES OF MICROSATELLITE, LIGHTSATELLITE, research on the decision-making process; designing policy instru- AND MEGASATELLITE ARCHITECTURES ments and institutions to address energy-related environmental M. NELSON Sep. 1990 126 p problems; assessing impacts, vulnerability, and adaptation to global (Contract W-7405-ENG-48) changes; and understanding population dynamics and global change. (DE92-009513; UCRL-CR-107791 ) Avail: CASI HC A07/MF A02 Derived from text This study is an attempt to assess the benefits and disadvan- tagas of the various architectures for space-based global change N88-70493" National Aeronautics and Space Administration. research. These architectures include NASA's Mogasatallite Earth Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD. Observing System (EOS), Lawrence Livermore's microsatallita con- THE GREENHOUSE EFFECT: PROJECTIONS OF GLOBAL stellation Brilliant Eyes (B.E.), and a number of other mixed satellite CLIMATE CHANGE concepts. Before we explore the various means for implementing J. HANSEN, A. LACIS, D. RIND, G. RUSSELL, I. FUNG, P. global change research, we must first examine the possible goals for ASHCRAFT, S. LEBEDEFF, R. RUEDY, and P. STONE (Massa- such research. Once these goals have been explored, we can chusetts Inst. of Tech., Cambridge.) In EPA, Effects of Changes determine how well each mission architecture fulfills those goals. in Stratospheric Ozone and Global Climate. Volume 1: Overview The main goals of the Mission to Planet Earth Global Change p 199-218 Aug. 1986 Research Program include scientific objectives, continuity, and Avail: CASI HC AO3 horizontal simultaneity (global coverage). These goals and their development will be explored and expanded upon. Also discussed N88-70502 Topping and Swillinger, Washington, DC. are the various instruments and instrument groupings that have CLIMATE CHANGE AND STRATOSPHERIC OZONE been proposed for fulfilling the scientific objectives of the mission, DEPLETION: NEED FOR MORE THAN THE CURRENT the historic developments in satellite mass and cost, and the MINIMALIST RESPONSE increasing interest in small satellites and the various benefits of such JOHN C. TOPPING, JR., In EPA, Effects of Changes in satellites. To support this assessment and further elucidate the Stratospheric Ozone and Global Climate, Volume 1: Overview costs and benefits of the various architectures, a database of space p 351-356 Aug. 1986 science and applications missions was assembled and a statistical Avail: CASI HC A02 analysis of the data was performed using SPSS/PC+ Studentware software. The data consists of all NASA space science and N91-71330 Executive Office of the President, Washington, DC. applications missions from 1958 through 1978 - the 'Golden Age' of Intergovemmental Panel on Climate Change. space science. The data was limited to this time period because of AMERICA'S CLIMATE CHANGE STRATEGY: AN ACTION the time constraints on this study. To enhance the quality of these AGENDA findings, further work should be done to bring the data up to date. 1990 24 p Original contains color illustrations DOE Avail: CASI HC A03; 19 functional color pages N93-71155"# Washington Univ., Seattle, WA. Geological Sciences. N91-71392 National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, SUDDEN CLIMATE CHANGE: THE LAND SURFACE RECORD Washington, DC. Progress Report, period ending 31 Dec. 1992 REPORTS TO THE NATION ON OUR CHANGING PLANET. ALAN GILLESPIE and JOHN ADAMS 1 Jan. 1993 29 p THE CLIMATE SYSTEM. WINTER 1991, NO. 1 (Contract NAG5-1847) 1991 24 p Original contains color illustrations (NASA-CR-191691; NAS 1.26:191691) Avail: CASI HC A03/MF A01 Avail: CASI HC A03; 22 functional color pages This project was conceived in response to NASA's stated goals to expand it's studies to global scales, and to focus on problems N92-70346"# National Academy of Sciences - National Research relevant to climate or other global change. As proposed, our re- Council, Washington, DC. Committee on Global Change. search was for three years, for a geologic and remote-sensing study TOWARD AN UNDERSTANDING OF GLOBAL CHANGE of the onset of glacial conditions between approximately 115 and 50 1988 213 p Sponsored in part by NASA; NSF; NOAA; ka. We proposed to study the regionally extensive land surface Geological Survey; USDA; Navy; and DOE record, rather than the temporally detailed record provided by (Contract DE-AI01-87ER-60574; NSF OCE-87-13699) stratlgraphic cores. This approach is useful because it enables the (NASA-CR-190167; NAS 1.26:190167; DE92-004303; DOE/ER- depiction of fossil weather pattems, but it lacks the resolution and 60574/T1) Avail: CASI HC A10/MF A03 detail of the point studies. We intended to study transitions in desert In the international scientific community, the International soil types, rock coatings, and palio ELA (equilibrium-line altitude) Council of Scientific Unions has Organized the International trend surfaces in Asia, western North America, and Australia. Geosphere Biosphere Program (IGBP) to address the problems of However, because of budgetary constraints, only 15 pement of the global change. The objective of the IGBP is to describe and funding request was authorized, entailing a drastic downscape of the understand the interactive physical, chemical, and biological pro- project. On the other hand, the project was augmented specifically cesses that regulate the total earth system, the unique environment to add a radar study of soil roughness and moisture in Queensland, that it provides for life, the changes that are occurring in this system, Australia. Author and the manner in which they are influenced by human activities. The IGBP is currently in its preparatory phase, during which the N93-71749 Intamational Federation of Inst. for Advanced Study, program's goals and research components are slowly evolving and Toronto (Ontario). coming into focus. In this report, a limited number of high-priority REPORT OF THE FRANCOPHONE AFRICAN WORKSHOP ON •research initiatives are recommended for early implementation as THE HUMAN DIMENSIONS OF GLOBAL CHANGE part of the U.S. contribution to the preparatory phase of the IGBP. OUMAR WANE (Universite Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Senegal.) The recommendations are based on the committee's anaylsis of the 1990 19 p Workshop held in Dakar, Senegal, 9-11 Oct. 1990 most critical gaps, not being addressed by existing programs, in the Sponsored by IDRC Prepared in cooperation with International scientific knowledge needed to understand the changes that are Social Science Coucil, Paris, France; United Nations Univ., New occurring in the earth system on time scales of decades to centuries. York, NY; and United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural

41 L J

45 ENVIRONMENT POLLUTION

', • _ i ¸ Organization, Paris, France Original contains color illustrations 46 /_!!/i (HDGCP-FA-O01) Avail: CASI HC A03 The Francophone Africa Workshop on the Human Dimensions GEOPHYSICS of Global Change was held in Dakar, Senegal from October 9-11, 1990 under the auspices of the Council for the Development of Includes aeronomy; upper and lower atmosphere studies; iono- Economic and Social Reseamh in Africa (CODSRIA) and the Instutut spheric and magnetospheric physics; and geomagnetism. des Sciences de rEnvironnment of of the Universite Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar. It is part of broad intemational consultation for the N83-11639# Geological Survey, Washington, DC. development of a program on global environmental change. The GEOGRAPHIC RESEARCH IN THE US GEOLOGICAL SURVEY: workshop brought together twenty-two specialists in all aspects of BIBLIOGRAPHY, 1966 - 1980 global environmental change from ten francophone African coun- M. E. GRAZIANI 1982 63 p tries, including representatives from universities, governmental (USGS-CIRC-865) Avail: CASI HC A04/MF A01 bodies, research centers and non-govemmental organizations. The Geographic research, particularly research utilizing remotely objectives of this meeting were to: initiate reflection within a sensed data is reported in approximately 390 references. Testing multidisciplinary group; and define key issues for action and research in this part of Afdca within the framework of the Human the use of satellite and high altitude remotely sensec[_data in a geographic context is covered. N.W. Dimensions of Global Change Programme (HDGCP). Author N84-24038# National Academy of Sciences - National Research Council, Washington, DC. Commission on Physical Sciences, Mathematics, and Resources. TOWARD AN INTERNATIONAL GEOSPHERE-BIOSPHERE PROGRAM: A STUDY OF GLOBAL CHANGE N93-71957 International Federation of Inst. for Advanced Study, Toronto (Ontario). 1983 94 p Workshop held at Woods Hole, Mass., 25-29 Jul. 1983 THE HUMAN DIMENSIONS OF GLOBAL CHANGE: AN INTERNATIONAL PROGRAMME ON HUMAN INTERACTIONS (PB84-161769) Avail: CASI HC AO5/MF A01 WITH THE EARTH The connections between the Earth geosphere and biosphere are discussed. A cooperative interdisciplinary program in Earth PETER TIMMERMAN, comp. and ed. 1989 91 p Presented at sciences, on an intemational scale is proposed. NTIS the International Symposium on the Human Response to Global Change, Tokyo, Japan, 19-22 Sep. 1988 Sponsored in part by Ministry of Education; Ministry of Foreign Affairs; International N86-20992"# National Academy of Sciences - National Research Development Research Centre; Canadian International Develop- Council, Washington, DC. Committee for an International ment Agency; UN Development Program; UN Fund for Population Geosphere-Biosphere Program. Activities; and NSF Prepared in cooperation with International GLOBAL CHANGE IN THE GEOSPHERE-BIOSPH ERE: INITIAL PRIORITIES FOR AN IGBP Social Science Council, Paris, France and United Nations Univ., New York, NY 1986 104 p Avail: CASI HC A05 (Contract NAS2-3985; NASW-4056; DE-FG05-84ER-602777; The Human Dimensions of Global Change Program is being NO0014-84-G-0196) established as an international initiative to bring social scientists, (NASA-CR-176519; NAS 1.26:176519) Avail: CASI HC A06/MF A02 Some of the factors are outlined that leads one to endorse the natural scientists, and those involved in the management of human activities together in a set of research and related activities focused concept of focused, international geosphere-biosphere program, on key areas of human interaction with the earth. The Program has whose goal is to understand the interactive physical, chemical, and been under consideration from eady 1987, and itswork has reached biological processes that regulate the Earth's unique environment a new point in its evolution with the successful completion of the for life, the changes that are occurring inthis system, and the manner Tokyo International Symposium, held from September 19-22, 1988, in which they are influenced by human actions. There is a pressing in Tokyo, Japan. The results of the International Symposium on need to assess the consequence of human activities in the context Human Response to Global Change are presented. of natural global change and to provide the body of knowledge necessary to chart a wise course to the future. A number of specific objectives were developed which leads to the conclusion that the need for new programs of observation of the Earth as a planet, a better understanding of the interactive processes that govems its changes, the development of a new generation of coupled modes, N94-71231"# Rutgers -The State Univ., New Brunswick, NJ. Dept. and the design of suitable tests to guide the development of these of Human Ecology. models and the understanding of the processes involved. Some NEW TECHNOLOGY AND REGIONAL STUDIES IN HUMAN general recommendations are summarized. Author ECOLOGY: A PAPUA NEW GUINEA EXAMPLE GEORGE E. B. MORREN, JR. In NASA. Stennis Space Center, N90-27155"# National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Applications of Space-Age Technology in Anthropology p 137- Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA. 165 1 May 1991 Sponsored by Wenner-Gren Foundation for APPLICATIONS OF ISES FOR THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES Anthropological Research and American Philosophical Society JAMES M. HOELL, JR. In its Earth Sciences Requirements for Original contains color illustrations the information Sciences Experiment System p 145-158 Jui. Avail: CASI HC A03/MF A03; 20 functional color pages 1990 Two key issues in using technologies such as digital image Avail: CASI HC A03/MF A03 processing and geographic information systems are a conceptually The proposed Information Scier_ces Experiment System (ISES) and methodologically valid research design and the exploitation of will offer the opportunity for real-time access to measurements • vaded sources of data. With this realized, the new technologies offer acquired aboard the Earth Observation System (Eos) satellite. anthropologists the opportunity to test hypotheses about spatial and These measurements can then be transmitted to remotely located temporal variations in the features of interest within a regionally ground based stations. The application of such measurements to coherent mosaic of social groups and landscapes. Current research issues related to atmospheric science which was presented to a on the Mountain OK of Papua New Guinea is described with workshop convened to review possible application of the ISES in reference to these issues. Author earth sciences is summarized. The proposed protocol for Eos

42 METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY 47

instruments requires that measurement results be available in a FOR IMPROVING RADIATIVE FORCING AND FEEDBACK IN central data archive within 72 hours of acquiring data. Such a GENERAL CIRCULATION MODELS : iii:i _ tumaround of raw satellite data to the final product will cleady A. A. PATRINOS (Department of Energy, Washington, DC.), D. S. enhance the timeliness of the results. Compared to the time that RENNE, G. M. STOKES, and R. G. ELLINGSON (Maryland Univ., results from many current satellite programs, the 72 hour turnaround College Park.) Jan. 1991 11 p Presented at the 71st Annual iiiI _:_ may be considered real time. Examples are discussed showing how Meeting of the American Meteorological Society, New Orleans, real-time measurements from one or more of the proposed Eos LA, 13-18 Jan. 1991 instruments could have been applied to the study of certain issues (Contract DE-AC06-76RL-01830) important to global atmospheric chemistry. Each of the examples (DE92-014263; PNL-SA-18559; CONF-910143-6) Avail: CASI •i• : discussed is based upon a field mission conducted during the past HC A03/MF A01 five years. Each of these examples will emphasize how real-time The Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Program is a data could have been used to alter the course of a field experiment, key element of the Department of Energy's (DOE's) global change thereby enhancing the scientific output. For the examples, bdef research strategy. ARM represents a long term commitment to overviews of the scientific rationale and objectives, the region of conduct comprehensive studies of the spectral atmospheric radia- operation, the measurements aboard the aircraft, and finally how tive energy balance profile for a wide range of cloud conditions and one or more of the proposed Eos instruments could have provided surface types, and to develop the knowledge necessary to improve data to enhance the productivity of the mission are discussed. parameterizations of radiative processes under various cloud re- Author gimas for use in general circulation models (GCM's) and related models. The importance of the ARM program is apparent from the N91-21640"# Joint Oceanographic Inst., Inc., Washington, DC. results of model assessments of the impact on global climate POLAR RESEARCH FROM SATELLITES change. Recent studies suggest that radiatively active trace gas ROBERT H. THOMAS 1991 96 p Sponsored by NASA Original emissions caused by human activity can lead to a global warming of contains color illustrations 1.5 to 4.5 C and to important changes in water availability during the (NASA-CR-188025; NAS 1.26:188025) Avail: CASI HC A05/MF next century (Cess, et al. 1989). These broad-scale changes can be A01; 8 functional color pages even more significant at regional levels, where large shifts in In the polar regions and climate change section, the topics of temperature and precipitation pattams are shown to occur. How- ocean/atmosphere heat transfer, trace gases, surface albedo, and ever, these analyses also indicate that considerable uncertainty response to climate warming are discussed. The satellite instru- exists in these estimates, with the manner in which cloud radiative ments section is divided into three parts. Part one is about basic processes are parameterized among the most significant uncer- principles and covers, choice of frequencies, algorithms, orbits, and tainty. Thus, although the findings have significant policy implica- remote sensing techniques. Part two is about passive sensors and tions in assessment of global and regional climate change, their covers microwave radiometers, medium-resolution visible and infra- uncertainties greatly influence the policy debate. ARM's highly red sensors, advanced very high resolution radiometers, optical line focused observational and analytical research is intended to accel- scanners, earth radiation budget experiment, coastal zone color erate improvements and reduce key uncertainties associated with scanner, high-resolution imagers, and atmospheric sounding. Part the way in which GCM's treat cloud cover and cloud characteristics three is about active sensors and covers synthetic aperture radar, and the resulting radiative forcing. This paper summarizes the radar altimeters, scatterometers, and lidar. There is also a next scientific context for ARM, ARM's experimental approach, and decade section that is followed by a summary and recommendations recent activities within the ARM program. DOE section. K.S.

N93-21686# International GeophysicalYearWorld Data Center A, Boulder, CO. 47 GLOBAL CHANGE DATA BASE PILOT (DISKETTE) PROJECT FOR AFRICA. DASE BASE DOCUMENTATION VERSION 1.1 METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY Jun. 1992 300 p Sponsored by National Geophysical Data Center, Boulder, CO Includes weather forecasting and modification. (PB93-117927; SE-47) Avail: CASI HC A13/MF A03 The data base for Africa contains vegetation data, climate data, N84-34864"# Oklahoma Univ., Norman, OK. School of Mete- and other thematic data for a recent three and a half year period. The orology. documentation contains separate chapters of material edited about ANALYSIS OF LIDAR, RADAR AND SATELLITE MEASURE- separate data sets of the overall Global Change Data Base, Pilot MENTS ON SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS AND THEIR (diskette) Project for Africa. Descriptions of data formats, authors, ENVIRONMENTS and contributors are accompanied by documentation of the develop- H. BLUESTEIN, R. J. DOVIAK (National Severe Storms Lab., mentJuse of the data. These materials have been suggested and Norman, Okla.), S. ZRNIC (National Severe Storms Lab., Norman, contributed directly by the authors of the individual data sets. To Okla.), R. RABIN (National Severe Storms Lab., Norman, Okla.), avoid confusion, some information contained in the documentation and A. SUNDARA-RAJAN In NASA. Marshall Space Flight that is not directly relevant to the data base has been either omitted, Center NASA/MSFC FY-84 Atmospheric Processes Res. Rev. p crossed out, or blanked out. NTIS 121-123 Sep. 1984 refs Avail: CASI HC A10/MF A02 N85-73230" Athenian School, Danville, CA. Intercomparison of wind data from the airborne Doppler lidar, SPACE SHUTTLE RADAR (SIR-A) VIEWS NEAR-EAST ground-based Doppler radars, the 444 m NSSL-KTVY tower, and VOLCANOES rawinsonde were completed. The vertical profile of wind in the PBL E. BLACKFORD, P. MOUGINIS-MARK (Hawaii Inst. of Geophys- measured by the radars compared favorably with the profiles mea- ics), C. FERRALL (Hawaii Inst. of Geophysics), and L. GADDIS sured by the tower and rawinsonde while the one obtained from lidar (Hawaii Inst. of Geophysics) Oct. 1983 12 p Submitted for data differed from the other three by as much as 3m/sac in wind •publication refs speed and 38 degrees in direction. The time dependence of differ- (Contract NAS7-100) ences in wind estimates from radar and lidar suggested that these (NASA-CR-175944; NAS 1.26:175944) Avail: CASI HC A03 discrepencies could be attributed to a Schuler resonance in the aircraft's inertial navigation system which caused an erroneous N93-70092 Pacific Northwest Lab., Richland, WA. component of the aircraft's velocity vector to be subtracted from the ATMOSPHERIC RADIATION MEASUREMENT: A PROGRAM lidar radial velocities, thus creating errors in the synthesized wind

43 47 METEOROLOGYANDCLIMATOLOGY

speed and direction. The vertical profile of turbulent fluctuations of simultaneous flashes, it would be travelling at a rate of 10(exp 5)m/ the horizontal wind detected by the different systems compared well. sac. Plots of the area of an event over its duration show peaks in the Also, spectra from the different sensing systems compared well in area curve which may be indicative if lightning strokes. There was both magnitude and shape, suggesting that the lidar and radar an average of 3.6 peaks per flash. In general, the longer the flash detected similar turbulent structure. Author duration, the more peaks there were in the area curve. The area curves of the lightning events fall into one of five shape categories. N86-31190# Oak Ridge National Lab., TN. It is suggested that the shape of the area curve may indicate whether HIERARCHY THEORY AND GLOBAL CHANGE an event is an intracloud or cloud to ground lightning flash. Some of R. V. ONEILL 1985 27 p Presented atthe Workshop on Global the lightning events had a persistent bright spot. These events had Change, St. Petersburg, Fla., 28 Oct. 1985 an average duration which was greater than that of events without (Contract DE-AC05-84OR-21400) the bright spot. On average, the bright spot events had a maximum (DE86-005154; CONF-8510284-1) Avail: CASI HC A03/MF A01 area which was larger than that of the flashes without the bright spot. Hierarchy theory asserts that a useful way in which to deal with Author complex, multiscaled systems is to focus on a single phenomenon and a single time-space scale. By so limiting the problem, it is N91-17504# World Meteorological Organization, Geneva (Swit- possible to define it clearly and choose the proper system to zerland). World Climate Data Program. emphasize. This paper applies the theory to the problem of global THE GLOBAL CLIMATE SYSTEM: CLIMATE SYSTEM change. DOE MONITORING, JUNE 1986 TO NOVEMBER 1988 Nov. 1988 73 p Original contains color illustrations N90-25447# National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, (CSM-R-84/86) Avail: CASI MF A01; print copy available at Washington, DC. Office of Research and Applications. WMO, Geneva, Switzerland RESEARCH PROGRAMS: METEOROLOGICAL PREDICTION. This report is based on current scientific understanding of the OCEANIC PROCESSES. CLIMATE AND GLOBAL CHANGE climate system and provides a basis for the monitoring of global MONITORING. SATELLITE INSTRUMENTATION AND change. Due to deficiencies in the global observing system, the CALIBRATION diagnostic analyses of cause-effect relationships are preliminary for Oct. 1989 144 p Original contains color illustrations some regions and some climatic events or processes. It is hoped Avail: CASI HC A07/MF A02 that the review will promote further research and better observing Research projects of the National Environmental Satellite, systems that would lead to improved models of the complex interac- Data, and Information Service (NESDIS) are summarized from their tive processes occurring within the climate system. An extensive beginning with the launch of weather satellite TIROS-1 on April 1, bibliography is provided at the end of the report for further reading. 1960. NESDIS, part of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric The topics covered include: (1) a moderate warm episode of the Administration (NOAA), operates the civil polar-orbiting and geosta- southern oscillation in 1986 to 1987 followed by a pronounced cold tionary satellite systems for the collection of environmental data. phase in 1988; (2) global mean temperatures rise despite some cold Since 1960, successive satellites in the Improved Tiros Operational anomalies at higher latitudes; (3) major droughts plague food- Satellite (ITOS) program have grown in sophistication, and now producing areas; (4) near-normal rainfall finally retums to the Sahel include concurrent multiple-channel sensing on a daily basis. The in 1988; (5) dramatic failure ofthe Indian monsoon in 1987 but ample Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES) pro- rains in 1988 while variable conditions occur in other monsoon gram began in 1974. GOES satellites collect visible and infrared areas; (6) increase in trace gases in the atmosphere continues; (7) imagery at half-hour intervals. These images can be animated, stratospheric ozone depletion; (8) atmospheric aerosol concentre- either photographically or electronically, to provide a continuous tions stabilize; (9) increased tropical storm activity in the Eastern view of atmospheric and oceanic features. Recent GOES spacecraft Atlantic in 1988; (10) pronounced upper-atmosphere blocking dur- have carded experimental multiple channel sensors that measure ing the autumn and winter of 1987 to 1988 in the Northem Hemi- atmospheric water vapor, temperature, and carbon dioxide. New sphere; (11 ) notable rising trend in the sea-surface temperatures of spacecraft sensors, algorithms for data processing and enhance- the northwest part of the subtropical Pacific Ocean; (12) rapid drop ment, as well as operational analysis and applications techniques in Great Lakes water levels to near-normal values; (13) a decrease keep improving the utility of satellite data for meteorological predic- in global cloudiness in 1987 and 1988; (14) little change in global ice tions, the study of oceanic processes, monitoring resources, cli- cover but reduced snow cover in 1988; (15) significant rise in global mate, and global environmental changes. Many of these projects are sea level; (16) increasing desertification in China; (17) new evidence described. J.P.S. relating the solar cycle to variations in the atmosphere; and (18) seasonal summaries. Author N90-28310"# State Univ. of NawYork, Albany, NY. Dept. of Atmo- spheric Science. N91-25557"# National Aeronautics and Space Administration. SIZE, DURATION, AND RATE OF GROWTH OF NOCTURNAL Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA. LIGHTNING EVENTS APPEARING ON SPACE SHUTTLE VIDEO SATELLITE ORBIT CONSIDERATIONS FOR A GLOBAL TAPES Final Report CHANGE TECHNOLOGY ARCHITECTURE TRADE STUDY CHRISTINE BRESLAWSKI Washington, DC NASA Aug. 1990 EDWIN F. HARRISON (National Aeronautics and Space Admin- 230 p istration. Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA.), GARY G. (Contract NAS8-32893) GIBSON (Lockheed Engineering and Sciences Co., Hampton, (NASA-CR-4313; NAS 1.26:4313) Avail: CASI HC A11/MF A03 VA.), JOHN T. SUTTLES (National Aeronautics and Space Ad- An analysis of video tapes of noctumal lightning events, taken ministration. Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA.), JAMES aboard space shuttle flights STS-8, STS-9, STS-41 D, and STS-51J, J. BUGLIA (National Aeronautics and Space Administration. shows flashes with dimensions ranging from approximately 1 km by Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA.), and ISRAEL TABACK 1 km to 440 km by 110 km. Of particular interest are the flashes (Bionetics Corp., Hampton, VA.) May 1991 18 p whose dimensions exceeded 100 km, as flashes of this size are (Contract RTOP 673-53-01-70) seldom reported. In general, larger flashes were found to have (NASAoTM-104081; NAS 1.15:104081 ) Avail: CASI HC A03/MF A01 .longer durations, take longer to reach their maximum extent, and A study was conducted to determine satellite orbits for earth reach their maximum extent at a smaller percent of their total observation missions aimed at obtaining data for assessing data duration than smaller flashes. Sixty four percent of the flashes global climate change. A mulUsatellite system is required to meet the occurred with one to five other events appearing in the same video scientific requirements for temporal coverage over the globe. The frame. These simultaneous events were an average of 60 km apart best system consists of four sun-synchronous satellites equally from each other. If a breakdown process is propagating between the spaced in local time of equatorial crossing. This system can obtain 44 48 OCEANOGRAPHY

from the use of data from gauges located at convergent tectonic loss not only affects agricultural productivity but also decreases plate boundaries where changes of land elevation give fictitious sea water quality and can lead to siltation problems. Thus, there is a level trends, and the effects of large interdecadal and longer sea growing demand for soil conservation programs and a need to level variations on short (less than 50+ years) or sappy records. In develop an effective monitoring system. Topography and soil type addition, virtually all gauges undergo subsidence or uplift due to information can easily be handled within a geographic information isostatic rebound from the last deglaciation at a rate comparable to system (GIS). Information about vegetative cover type and surface or greater than the secular rise of sea level. Modeling rebound by the roughness, which both experience considerable temporal change, il:_!: ICE-3G model of Tushingham and Peltier (1990) and avoiding tide can be obtained from remote sensing techniques. For further devel- gauge records in areas of converging tectonic plates produces a opment of the technology to produce an operational soil conserva- highly consistent set of long sea level records. A global set of 21 tion monitoring system, an experiment was conducted in Oxford such stations in nine oceanic regions with an average record length County, Ontario which investigated the separability of fall surface of 76 years during the pedod 1880-1980 yields the global sea level cover type using C-band Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) data. rise value 1.8 mm/year +/- 0.1. Greenhouse warming scenarios Author (revised)

.',./ commonly forecast an additional acceleration of global sea level in the next 5 or 6+ decades in the range 0.1-0.2 mm/yr2. Because of N94-32881 Lawrence Livermore National Lab., Livermore, CA.

:_ . ¸ • the large power at low frequencies in the sea level spectrum, very OCEAN VARIABILITY AND ITS INFLUENCE ON THE long tide gauge records (75 years minimum) have been examined for DETECTABILITY OF GREENHOUSE WARMING SIGNALS past apparent sea level acceleration. For the 80-year pedod 1905- B. D. SANTER, U. MIKOLAJEWICZ, W. BRUEGGEMANN, K. 1985, 23 essentially complete tide gauge records in 10 geographic HASSELMANN, H. HOECK, E. MAIER-REIMER, and U. groups are available for analysis. These yielded the apparent global CUBASCH Jan. 1994 75 p Limited Reproducibility: More acceleration -0.011 (+/- 0.012) mm/yr2. A larger, less uniform set of than 20% of this document may be affected by microfiche quality 37 records in the same 10 groups with 92 years average length (Contract W-7405-ENG-48) covedng the 141 years from 1850-1991 gave 0.001 (+/- 0.008) mm/ (DE94-008670; UCRL-ID-115329; PCMDI-14) Avail: CASI HC yr2. Thus there is no evidence for an apparent acceleration in the A04 past 100+ years that is significant either statistically, or in compari- Recent investigations have considered whether it is possible to son to values associated with global warming. Unfortunately, the achieve early detection of greenhouse-gas-induced climate change large interdecadal fluctuations of sea level severely affect estimates by observing changes in ocean variables. In this study, we use of global sea level acceleration for time spans of less than about 50 model data to assess some of the uncertainties involved in estimat- years. This means that tide gauges alone cannot serve as a reliable ing when we could expect to detect ocean greenhouse warming leading indicator of climate change in less than many decades. This signals. We distinguish between detection periods and detection time required can be significantly reduced ifthe interdecadal fluctua- times. As defined here, detection period is the length of a climate tions of sea level can be understood in terms of their forcing time series which must be available in order to detect a given linear mechanisms, and then removed from the tide gauge records. trend in the presence of the natural climate variability. Detection Author pedod is defined inmodel years and is independent of reference time and the real time evolution of the signal. Detection time is computed N93-29670 Amedcan Chemical Society, Washington, DC. for an actual time-evolving signal from a greenhouse warming CHEMISTRY OF THE ATMOSPHERE: ITS IMPACT ON experiment and depends on the experiment's start date. Two sources GLOBAL CHANGE. CHEMRAWN 7: PERSPECTIVES AND of uncertainty are considered - those associated with the level of RECOMMENDATIONS natural variability or noise, and those associated with the time- JOHN W. BIRKS, ed., JACK G. CALVERT, ed., and ROBERT E. evolving signals. We analyze the ocean signal and noise for spa- SIEVERS, ed. 1992 168 p The International Conference on the tially-averaged ocean circulation indices such as ice volume, heat Chemistry of the Atmosphere, Baltimore, MD, 2-6 Dec. 1991 and fresh water fluxes, rate of deep water formation, salinity, Prepared in cooperation with American Chemical Society, Wash- temperature, and transport of mass. The signals for these quantities ington, DC Sponsored by Agency for International Development, are taken from recent time-dependent greenhouse warming experi- Washington, DC, Office of Energy and Infrastructure ments performed by the Hamburg group with a coupled ocean- (PB93-180644; AID-PN-ABM-278) Copyright Avail: Issuing atmosphere general circulation model. The natural variability noise Activity is dedved from a 300-year control run performed with the same Contents: An Approach to Global Climatic Change: A U.S. coupled atmosphere-ocean model and from two long (greater than Perspective; Atmospheric Chemistry and Global Change: The 3,000 year) stochastic forcing experiments in which an uncoupled Scientist's Viewpoint; Global Environmental Change Overview: ocean model was forced by white noise surface flux variations. Inthe Developing Countries; Control of Global Change: Industrial View; first experiment the stochastic forcing was restricted to the fresh Control of Global Climate Alteration: Power Industry Perspective; water fluxes, while in the second experiment the ocean model was Future Energy Sources and the Atmospheric Challenges for Re- additionally forced by variations in wind stress and heat fluxes, The seamh and Development; International Cooperation and Some mean states and ocean variability are very different in the three Reseamh Needs to Improve Our Understanding of the Chemistry of natural variability integrations. DOE the Atmosphere; Global Change and the Role of Governments. NTIS

N94-16760"# INTERA Technologies Ltd., Nepean (Ontario). SOIL CONSERVATION APPLICATIONS WITH C-BAND SAR 53 B. BRISCO, R. J. BROWN (Canada Centre for Remote Sensing, Ottawa, Ontario.), J. NAUNHEIMER, and D. BEDARD In JPL, BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES Summaries of the Third Annual JPL Airborne Geoscience Work- shop. Volume 3: AIRSAR Workshop p 86-88 1 Jun. 1992 Includes psychological factors; indivfdual and group behavior; crew Avail: CASI HC A01/MF A02 training and evaluation; and psychiatric research. Soil conservation programs are becoming more important as "the growing human population exerts greater pressure on this non- N84-20154"# Maryland Univ., College Park, MD. Remote Sens- renewable resource. Indeed, soil degradation affects approximately ing Systems Lab. 10 pement of Canada's agricultural land with an estimated loss of REMOTE SENSING TRAINING FOR CORPS OF ENGINEERING 6,000 hectares of topsoil annually from Ontario farmland alone. Soil PERSONNEL: THE UNIVERSITY TRAINING MODULE

48 COMPUTER PROGRAMMING AND SOFTWARE 61

CONCEPT Final Report, Jul. 1981 - Jul. 1982 In automatic satellite image processing, tasks such as seg- Aug. 1982 34 p Sponsored in part by Corps of Engineers refs mentations of the image into meaningful objects and even classifi- (Contract NAS5-26650) cation have been commonly performed using as input the raw (NASA-CR-175204; NAS 1.26:175204) Avail: CASI HC A03/MF A01 satellite image (except for restoration and other cosmetic opera- A concept to permit Corps of Engineers personnel to obtain and tions). In many cases the results obtained have not been very good, maintain an appropriate level of individual proficiency inthe applica- especially when compared with the performance of (human) tion of remote sensing to water resource management is descdbed. photointerpreters in the same tasks. The increase in spatial resolu- Recommendations are made for specific training courses and in- tion of recent satellites has added to the problem rather than

',/" Z,i clude structure and staffing requirements, syllabi and methods of improved it. Proposed here is the adoption of current models of operation, supporting materials, and procedures for integrating human visual perception as the paradigm to organize processing information systems management into the University Training systems for satellite images. In particular it is proposed that the Modules. Author Pdmal Sketch, as defined by David Mart, be the starting point of the processing instead of the raw image. Some expedments using the Pdmal Sketch to perform segmentation of satellite imagery are shown, and the applicability of the method is discussed. Author

N91-23733 Wisconsin Univ., Madison, Wl. THE INTEGRATION OF REMOTE SENSING, GEOGRAPHIC 54 INFORMATION SYSTEM, AND EXPERT SYSTEM TECHNOL- OGIES FOR LANDCOVER CLASSIFICATION Ph.D. Thesis MAN/SYSTEM TECHNOLOGY AND LIFE SUPPORT PAUL VICTOR BOLSTAD 1990 338 p Avail: Univ. Microfilms Order No. DA9030781 Includes human engineering; biotechnology; and space suits and Approaches to supervised, computer-aided landcover map- protective clothing. ping were developed which incorporate satellite imagery and spatial data with remote sensing, geographic information system, and N94-71223"# National Aeronautics and Space Administration. John artificial intelligence techniques. These approaches were developed C. Stennis Space Center, Bay Saint Louis, MS. in response to observed deficiencies in currant standard computer- APPLICATIONS OF SPACE-AGE TECHNOLOGY IN aided classification methodologies, both in the time and level of ANTHROPOLOGY expertise requirements for human image-analysts, and in classifica- 1 May 1991 251 p Conference held in Bay Saint Louis, MS, 28 tion accuracies. These approaches were directed at both the training Nov. 1990 Original contains color illustrations and classification stages of supervised landcover mapping. The first (NASA-TM-109395; NAS 1.15:109395) Avail: CASI HC A12/MF approach facilitates the maintenance and application of general and A03; 20 functional color pages specific knowledge in training set selection and refinement. The The papers in this volume were presented at a conference second approach involved the integration of thematic spatial and entitled, 'Applications of Space-Age Technology in Anthropology,' image data in landcover classification. Spatial data operators, image held November 28, 1990, at NASA's Science and Technology and thematic spatial data, and knowledge of the relationships Laboratory. One reason for this conference was to facilitate informa- between cover types and thematic data are combined using expert tion exchange among a diverse group of anthropologists. Much of system techniques. Results from comparative tests of classification the research in anthropology that has made use of satellite image accuracies based on two study sites, two different operators, and processing, geographical information systems, and global posltion- two image dates indicate that the new approaches provide signifi- ing systems has been known to only a small group of practitioners. cantly higher classification accuracies with less analyst input when A second reason for this conference was to promote scientific compared to traditional techniques over a range of conditions. dialogue between anthropologists and professionals outside of Dissert. Abstr. anthropology. It is certain that both the development and proper application of new technologies will only result from greater coopera- N94-28259"# Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales, Toulouse tion between technicians and 'end-users.' Anthropologists can pro- (France). vide many useful applications to justify the costs of new technological A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF SAR DATA COMPRESSION development. SCHEMES C. LAMBERT-NEBOUT, O. BESSON (Ecole Nationale Superieure d'lngenieurs de Constructions Aeronautiques, Toulouse, France.), D. MASSONNET, and B. ROGRON In NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center, The 1994 Space and Earth Science Data Compres- sion Workshop p 81-91 Apr. 1994 Avail: CASI HC A03/MF A02 61 The amount of data collected from spacebome remote sensing has substantially increased in the last years. During same time COMPUTER PROGRAMMING AND SOFTWARE pedod, the ability to store or transmit data has not increased as quickly. At this time, there is a growing interest in developing Includes computer programs, routines, and algodthms, and specific compression schemes that could provide both higher compression applications, e.g., CAD/CAM. ratios and lower encoding/decoding errors. In the case of the spacebome Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) earth observation N89-27367# Instituto de Pesquisas Espaciais, Sao Jose dos system developed bythe French Space Agency (CNES), the volume Campos (Brazil). of data to be processed will exceed both the on-board storage SATELLITE IMAGE PROCESSING USING SYMBOLIC capacities and the telecommunicab_on link. The objective of this STRUCTURES OF REDUCED VISION CONDITIONS M.S. Thesis paper is twofold: to present various compression schemes adapted .[PROCESSAMENTO DE IMAGENS DE SATELITE USANDO to SAR data; and to define a set of evaluation cdteda and compare ESTRUTURAS SlMBOLICAS DO BAIXO NIVEL DA VISAO] the algodthms on SAR data. In this paper, we review two classical ANTONIO MIGUEL VIEIRAMONTEIRO Aug. 1988 110 p In methods of SAR data compression and propose novel approaches PORTUGUESE; ENGLISH summary based on Fouder Transforms and spectrum coding. (INPE-4638-TDL/337) Avail: CASI HC A06/MF A02 Author (revised)

49 66 SYSTEMS ANALYSIS

66 from NASA's Earth orbiting satellites, Progress in the areas of SYSTEMS ANALYSIS spacecraft technology, sensor development and data system development, as well as in the basic and applied to research in the space and Earth sciences that they support is highlighted. A.R.H. Includes mathematical modeling; network analysis; and operations reseamh. N85-28877°# National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD. N94-11572°# Dynamics Research Corp., Arlington, VA. EXPERIMENTAL PHILOSOPHY LEADING TO A SMALL SCALE MORE SENSE FOR LESS CENTS: COST EFFECTIVE DIGITAL DATA BASE OF THE CONTERMINOUS UNITED SERVICING OF REMOTE SENSING SATELLITES Abstract STATES FOR DESIGNING EXPERIMENTS WITH REMOTELY Only SENSED DATA JEANNIE LEE, TOM MISENCIK, BILL ROBERTSON, and JACK M. L. LABOVITZ, E. J. MASUOKA, P. W. BRODERICK, T. R. SLINEY In NASA. Johnson Space Center, Sixth Annual Work- GARMAN, R. W. LUDWIG, G. N. BELTRAN, Po J. HEYMAN, and shop on Space Operations Applications and Research (SOAR L. K. HOOKER Apr. 1983 22 p refs 1992), Volume 2 p 701 Feb. 1993 Avail: CASI HC A01/MF A03 (NASA-TM-85009; NAS 1.15:85009) Avail: CASI HC A03/MF A01 This paper addresses the design considerations for Earth Research using satellite remotely sensed data, even within any observation spacecraft bus and payload subsystems such that cost- single scientific discipline, often lacked a unifying principle or effective spacecraft maintainability is enhanced through optimized strategy with which to plan or integrate studies conducted over an reliability and the application of robotic on-orbit support. In the past, area so large that exhaustive examination is infeasible, e.g., the for most satellites, maintainability has been associated with the U.S.A. However, such a series of studies would seem to be at the clever application of telemetry reconfiguration and the use of redun- heart of what makes satellite remote sensing unique, that is the dant systems as necessary over the life cycle of the spacecraft. This ability to select for study from among remotely sensed data sets presentation addresses the opportunities and challenges of leverag- distributed widely over the U.S., over time, where the resources do ing the extensive work already accomplished in the development of not exist to examine all of them. Using this philosophical underpin- on-orbit servicing technologies. Author (revised) ning and the concept of a unifying principle, an operational procedure for developing a sampling strategy and formal testable N94-23868°# Cray Systems, Bristol (England). MISSION PLANNING FOR AN EARTH OBSERVATION LOW hypotheses was constructed. The procedure is applicable across EARTH ORBITER: ERS-1 disciplines, when the investigator restates the research question in symbolic form, i.e., quantifies it. The procedure is set within the PAUL LOCKYER In JPL, SpaceOps 1992: Proceedings of the statistical framework of general linear models. The dependent Second International Symposium on Ground Data Systems for variable is any arbitrary function of remotely sensed data and the Space Mission Operations p 231-236 1 Mar. 1993 Avail: CASI HC A02/MF A10 independent variables are values or levels of factors which represent regional climatic conditions and/or properties of the Earth's ERS-1, the first European Remote Sensing satellite, has a payload which consists primarily of microwave instruments and is in surface. These factors are operationally defined as maps from the U.S. National Atlas (U.S.G.S., 1970). Eighty-five maps from the a polar sun-synchronous orbit. All ground and on-board activities National Atlas, representing climatic and surface attributes, were from user requests to delivery of data products are combined into automated by point counting at an effective resolution of one one integrated system. In view of the high number of products which observation every 17.6 km (11 miles) yielding 22,505 observations can be generated by ERS-1, the Mission Planning System (MPS), per map. The maps were registered to one another in a two step which plans the on-board activities of ERS-1, is an essential tool for procedure producing a coarse, then fine scale registration. After operations since manual planning of the large number of daily operations is out of the question. In addition the MPS, in line with the registration, the maps were iteratively checked for errors using manual and automated procedures. The error free maps were integrated nature of the ERS-1 system, also plans activities at the annotated with identification and legend information and then stored prime ground station, including among others, the operation of the payload data processing systems there. This paper outlines the as card images, one map to a file. A sampling design will be operations concepts for ERS-1 mission planning, and describes the accomplished through a regionalization analysis of the National Mission Planning System used at the ERS-1 Control Center. Novel Atlas data base (presently being conducted). From this analysis a map of homogeneous regions of the U.S.A. will be created and functionalities, such as automatic resource clash resolution, are samples (LANDSAT scenes) assigned by region. RoJ.F. described. A critical discussion gives lessons learned for future mission planning systems. Author (revised) N91o21973# Army Engineer Topographic Labs., Fort Belvoir, VA. SCAN-LINE METHODS IN SPATIAL DATA SYSTEMS Scientific 82 Paper, 23-27 Jul. 1990 MICHAEL MCDONNELL 4 Sep. 1990 12 p DOCUMENTATION AND INFORMATION SCIENCE (AD-A231165; ETL-R-152) Avail: CASI HC A03/MF A01 This paper examines a method of manipulating data in grid cell Includes information management; information storage and retrieval spatial data management systems such as Geographic Information technology; technical writing; graphic arts; and micrography. Systems (GIS) and digital cartographic systems. While scan line methods have advantages when used only in traditional GIS opera- N84-20434"# National Aeronautics and Space Administration. tions such as manipulation of region polygons (binary overlays), Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD. much of this paper discusses digital imagery, digitized map back- RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY, FISCAL YEAR 1983 Annual grounds, and other types of pictorial or multibit data. This is because Report the integration of these kinds of data with GIS will become more 1983 101 p prevalent and because scan-line techniques are especially useful (NASA-TM-85557; NAS 1.15:85557) Avail: CASI HC A06/MF for pictorial data. The incorporation of remote sensing data into GIS "A02 is a major current issue. Jansen notes that the full potential of remote The responibilities and programs of the Goddard Space Flight sensing and GIS can best be achieved if the technologies are Center are ranged from basic research in the space and Earth integrated. Remote sensing data consists mostly of digitized pho- sciences through the management of numerous flight projects to tography, so it is important to be able to handle photographic data in operational responsibility for the tracking of and data acquisition a GIS. Modem digital cartography entails the handling of ever-larger

50 DOCUMENTATION AND INFORMATION SCIENCE 82

data sets. And it may take many of these data sets to cover a region EARTH SCIENCE INFORMATION: PLANNING FOR THE of interest. This amount of data cannot be handled well on present INTEGRATION AND USE OF GLOBAL CHANGE INFORMATION computer systems, and extrapolation of computer capabilities shows Semiannual Status Report, 1 Jan. - 30 Jun. 1992 that handling large amounts of data will be difficult for many years to JACK R. LOUSMA Oct. 1992 10 p come. DTIC (Contract NAGW-2901 ) \ (NASA-CR-191217; NAS 1.26:191217) Avail: CASI HC A02/MF N92-15473"# National Aeronautics and Space Administration. A01 Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA. Activities and accomplishments of the first six months of the INFORMATION DATA SYSTEMS FOR A GLOBAL CHANGE Consortium for Intemational Earth Science Information Network

¸4¸¸¸¸',¸i TECHNOLOGY INITIATIVE ARCHITECTURE TRADE STUDY (CIESIN's) 1992 technical program have focused on four main NICHOLAS D. MURRAY In its Global Change Technology missions: (1) the development and implementation of plans for Architecture Trade Study p 309-338 Sap. 1991 initiation ofthe Socioeconomic Data and Applications Center (SEDAC) Avail: CASI HC A03/MF A04 as part of the EOSDIS Program; (2) the pursuit and development of a broad-based global change information cooperative by providing if• • The Global Change Technology Initiative (GCTI) was established to develop technology which will enable use of satellite systems analysis and integration between natural science and systems of Earth observations on a global scale, enable use of the social science data bases held by numerous federal agencies and observations to predictively model Earth's changes, and provide other sources; (3) the fostering of scientific research into the human scientists, government, business, and industry with quick access to dimensions of global change and providing integration between the resulting information. At LaRC, a GCTI Architecture Trade Study natural science and social science data and information; and (4) the was undertaken to develop and evaluate the architectural implica- serving of CIESIN as a gateway for global change data and informations to meet the requirements of the global change studies and the tion distribution through development of the Global Change Re- eventual implementation of a global change system. The output of search Information Office and other comprehensive knowledge the trade study are recommended technologies for the GCTI. That sharing systems. Author portion of the study concemed with the information data system is documented. The information data system for an earth global N93-12680"# Consortium for International Earth Science Infor- change modeling system can be very extensive and beyond mation Network, Ann Arbor, MI. affordability in terms of today's costs. Therefore, an incremental EARTH SCIENCE INFORMATION: PLANNING FOR THE approach to gaining a system is most likely. An options approach to INTEGRATION AND USE OF GLOBAL CHANGE INFORMATION levels of capability versus needed technologies was developed. The Final Technical Report, 1 Apr. 1991 - 31 Mar. 1992 primary ddvers of the requirements for the information data system JACK R. LOUSMA Oct. 1992 5 p evaluation were the needed science products, the science measure- (Contract NAGW-2010) ments, the spacecraft orbits, the instruments configurations, and the (NASA-CR-191208; NAS 1.26:191208) Avail: CASI HC A01/MF spacecraft configurations and their attendant architectures. The A01 science products requirements were not studied here; however, The Consortium for International Earth Science Information some consideration of the product needs were included in the Network (CIESIN) was founded in 1989 as a non-profit corporation evaluation results. The information data system technology items dedicated to facilitating access to, use and understanding of global were identified from the viewpoint of the desirable overall informa- change information worldwide. The Consortium was created to tion system charactedstics. Author cooperate and coordinate with organizations and researchers throughout the global change community to further access the most N92-32227# Instituto de Pesquisas Espaciais, Sao Jose dos advanced technology, the latest scientific research, and the best Campos (Brazil). information available for cdtical environmental decision making. GIS: GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS. STATE OF CIESIN study efforts are guided by Congressional mandates to THE ART AND FUTURE TENDENCIES [SlG: SlSTEMAS DE 'convene key present and potential users to assess the need for INFORMACOES GEOGRAFICAS. ESTADO DA ARTE E investment in integration of earth science information,' to 'outline the TENDENClAS FUTURAS] desirable pattem of interaction with the scientific and policy commu- HERMANN JOHANN HEINR KUX 1991 35 p In PORTUGESE nlty,' and to 'develop recommendations and draft plans to achieve (INPE-5358-NTC/301) Avail: CASI HC A03/MF A01 the appropriate level of effort in the use of earth science data for The objective of this article is to inform on commercial geo- research and public policy purposes.' In addition, CIESIN is tasked graphical information systems (GIS) currently available on the by NASA to develop a data center that would extend the benefits of market. Common characteristics of todays GIS's are presented and Earth Observing System (EOS) to the users of global change a prediction conceming the next product generation is made. information related to human dimensions issues. For FY 1991, Author CIESIN focused on two main objectives. The first addressed the identification of information needs of global change research and N93-11789# Zambia Univ., Lusaka. Dept. of Surveying. non-research user groups worldwide. The second'focused on an PROCEEDINGS OF THE FIRST SEMINAR ON GEOGRAPHIC evaluation of the most efficient mechanisms for making this informa- INFORMATION SYSTEMS IN ZAMBIA tion available in usable forms. Author 1992 98 p Seminar held in Lusaka, Zambia, 9 Jan. 1991 Prepared in cooperation with Ministry of Water, Lands and Natu- N93-25798"# Jet Propulsion Lab., California Inst. of Tech., Pasa- ral Resources, Lusaka, Zambia dena, CA. (PB92-207125; ISBN-90-5271-009-0) Avail: CASI HC A05/MF GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEM FOR FUSION AND A02 ANALYSIS OF HIGH-RESOLUTION REMOTE SENSING AND Contents: Concepts of GIS; Data Sources for Geographic GROUND TRUTH DATA Abstract Only Information Systems; Data Processing and Presentation; The Role ANTHONY FREEMAN, JO BEA WAY, PASCALE DUBOIS, and of GIS in Decision Support Systems - A Management Perspective; FRANZ LEBERL (Vexcel Corp., Boulder, CO.) In Colorado Implementation of GIS in Zambia; The Landeval Geographical Univ., Applied Information Systems Research Program (AISRP). Information System (LGIS); Intemational Cooperation in GIS, Pho- Workshop 2: Meeting Proceedings 2 p 1992 togrammetry and Remote Sensing. Author Avail: CASI HC A01/MF A03 We seek to combine high-resolution remotely sensed data with N93-12660"# Consortium for Intemational Earth Science Infor- models and ground truth measurements, in the context of a Geo- mation Network, Ann Arbor, MI. graphical Information System, integrated with specialized image

51 82 DOCUMENTATION AND INFORMATION SCIENCE

processing software. We will use this integrated system to analyze with Brazil, Canada, France, United States, Japan, India, and the data from two Case Studies, one at a bore AI forest site, the other Australia on a bilateral basis. On the meteorological side, ESA has a tropical forest site. We will assess the information content of the launched Meteosats 1 and 2 and will be launching Meteosat 3 this different components of the data, determine the optimum data year. An extensive promotion campaign was carried out in Europe combinations to study biogeophysical changes in the forest, assess and Africa to encourage countries to use the satellite. Training the best way to visualize the results, and validate the models for the programs in meteorology and agrometeorology are conducted both forest response to different radar wavelengths/polarizations. During by ESA alone and in cooperation with other organizations. The the 1990's, unprecedented amounts of high-resolution images from European Space Agency is also preparing ERS-1 and is in the space of the Earth's surface will become available to the applica- process of negotiating terms for direct access with several states. tions scientist from the LANDSAT/TM series, European and Japa- Author nese ERS-1 satellites, RADARSAT and SIR-C missions. When the Earth Observation Systems (EOS) program is operational, the amount of data available for a particular site can only increase. The interdisciplinary scientist, seeking to use data from various sensors 90 to study his site of interest, may be faced with massive difficulties in manipulating such large data sets, assessing their information ASTROPHYSICS content, determining the optimum combinations of data to study a particular parameter, visualizing his results and validating his model Includes cosmology; celestial mechanics; space plasmas; and of the surface. The techniques to deal with these problems are also interstellar and interplanetary gases and dust. needed to support the analysis of data from NASA's current program of Multi-sensor Airbome Campaigns, which will also generate large N93-12380# Mitre Corp., McLean, VA. _ !!i¸ volumes of data. In the Case Studies outlined inthis proposal, we will GLOBAL CHANGE AND THE DARK OF THE MOON Final Report , r have somewhat unique data sets. For the Bonanza Creek Experi- mental Forest (Case I) calibrated DC-8 SAR data and extensive S. FLATTE, S. KOONIN, and G. MACDONALD 30 Jun. 1992 ground truth measurement are already at our disposal. The data set 55 p shows documented evidence to temporal change. The Belize Forest (AD-A255181; JSR-91-315; DE92-040829) Avail: CASI HC A04/ ii Experiment (Case II) will produce calibrated DC-8 SAR and AVIRIS MF A01 data, together with extensive measurements on the tropical rain We have considered the possibility of using earthshine to forest itself. The extreme range of these sites, one an Arctic forest, measure the reflectance properties of the earth (albedo and phase the other a tropical rain forest, has been deliberately chosen to find function). Measurements of earthshine carried out by Danjon in common problems which can lead to generalized observations and 1926-33 show that even then the average albedo could be deter- unique problems with data which raise issues for the EOS System. mined with a precision of +/- 0.01 and that both synoptic and Author seasonal variations could be observed clearly. We show that, after correction for wavelength dependence and the opposition effect in N93-29234"# Jet Propulsion Lab., California Inst. of Tech., Pasa- the lunar reflectance properties, Danjon's visual albedo of 0.40 can dena, CA. be reconciled with the ERBE satellite Bond albedo of 0.30. We GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEM FOR FUSION AND recommend a modem earthshine monitoring program (advantages ANALYSIS OF HIGH-RESOLUTION REMOTE SENSING AND include global integration, continuous coverage, ground basing, and GROUND TRUTH DATA low cost) as a complement to present and planned satellite measure- ANTHONY FREEMAN, PASCALE DUBOIS, FRANZ LEBERL, L. merits. DTIC NORIKANE, and JOBEA WAY In NASA. Washington, Applied Information Systems Research Program Workshop 5 p 24 Jul. 1991 Avail: CASI HC A01 Viewgraphs on Geographic Information System for fusion and analysis of high-resolution remote sensing and ground truth data are presented. Topics covered include: scientific objectives; schedule; and Geographic information System. CASI

N88-24038# European Space Agency, Paris (France). INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION IN REMOTE SENSING: THE ESA EXPERIENCE Abstract Only VALERIE ANNE HOOD In INPE, Latin American Symposium on Remote Sensing. 4th Brazilian Remote Sensing Symposium and 6th SELPER Plenary Meeting, Volume 1 p 337 191_6 Avail: CASI HC A01/MF A10 The active involvement of the European Space Agency (ESA) with remote sensing began with the establishment of the Earthnet program in 1978. Earthnet acquires data from the American remote sensing satelites (LANDSAT, SEASAT, HCCM, and Nimbus) from itsstations in Fulcino, Kiruna, Oakhanger, and Maspalomas. Earthnet acquires remote sensing data and preprocesses them. Each member state of ESA has established a focal point who is responsible for remote sensing data distribution in their country. Regular meetings are held among the national points of contact and the other users of the data in the Earthnet coverage zone. The European Space Agency also participates in the LANDSAT Station Operators' Work- ing Group. At a bilateral level ESA has many projects with the European Community including airbome campaigns, pilot projects, and training programs. Close contact in remote sensing is also kept

52 SUBJECT INDEX I_ r_, /i

:_i_¸ •: REMOTE SENSING / GLOBAL CHANGE / A Special Bibfiography November 1994

Typical Subject Index Listing Sunphotometer network for monitoring aerosol Carbon emissions and sequestration in forests: Case properties in the Brazilian Amazon p 17 N94-20961 studies from seven developing countries. Volume 2: Selected translated abstracts of Russian-language Greenhouse gas emissions from deforestration in the climate-change publications. 2: Clouds Brazilian Amazon I SUBJECT HEADING I I DE94-011465 ] p 47 N94-36244 IDE93-0015261 p 34 N93-16092

AEROSPACE SCIENCES Trends '91: A compendium of data on global change. I Research and technology, fiscal year 1983 Highlights INASA-TM-85557J p 50 N84-20434 IDE93-0031121 p 38 N93-25144 ALTERNATIVES AEROSPACE TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER Southern global change program. Determining the GIobal warming impacts of CFC alternative technologies: Civil land remote sensing systems relationships between air pollutants, climate change, and ombining fluorocarbon and CO2 effects lGPO-35-265] p 6 N82-15497 southern forests AFRICA IPS93-176246] p 38 N93-27410 Global change data base training exercise manual Incorporating global Warming risks in power sector

02347]_ _ ACCE_SSIONp37 N93-22972 Exploring Earth's environment: Africa as an example planning. Volume 1: A case study of the New England INUMBERI I NUMBER I PB92-2246821 p36 N93-21211 region Global Change Data Base Pilot (Diskette) Project for |DE93-015241} p 39 N94-17289 Africa. Dase base documentation version 1.1 AIR QUALITY

IPB93-117927] p43 N93-21686 Sensitivity of a regional oxidant model to variations in Report of the Francophone African Workshop on the climate parameters, volume 1 and 2 The subject heading is a key to the subject Human Dimensions of Global Change IPB89-224943] p 22 N90-12981 content of the document. The title is used to IHDGCP-FA-001] p 41 N93.71749 Potential effects of global climate change on the United provide a description of the subject matter. When Traditional anthropology and geographical information States. Appendix F: Air quality the title is insufficiently descriptive of document systems in the collaborative study of Cassava in Africa [PS90-172230] p 25 N91-10400 p 52 N94-71237 AIR SAMPLING content, a title extension is added, separated AGRICULTURE Trends 1991: A compendium of data on global change from the title by three hyphens. The accession LANDSAT Commercialization IDE92-0117331 p 32 N92.31907 number and the page number are included in [GPO-49-336] p 10 N86-16696 AIR SEA ICE INTERACTIONS each entry to assist the user in locating the An assessment of information demands for remote Proceedings of International Conference on the Role abstract in the abstract section. If applicable, a sensing and Geographic Information System of the Polar Regions in Global Change, volume 1 report number is also included as an aid in iden- technologies |AD-A253027] p 32 N92-33578 {PB89-159313] p 12 N89-27233 tifying the document. Under any one subject Proceedings of International Conference on the Role of the Polar Regions in Global Change, volume 2 heading, the accession numbers are arranged in Effects of global climate change on agroecosystems: Scope of work IAD-A253028] p 33 N92-33579 sequence. IPB90-120023] p 23 N90-18813 International Conference on the Role of the Polar Potential effects of global climate change on the United Regions in Global Change: Proceedings, volume t States. Appendix C: Agriculture, volume 1 I DE92-013652] p33 N93-11232 [PB90-171588] p 24 N91-10394 International Conference on the Role of the Polar Potential effects of global climate change on the United Regions in Global Change: Proceedings, volume 2 States. Appendix C: Agriculture, volume 2 [DE92-013653 ] p33 N93-11233 [PS90-171596] p 24 N91-10397 AIR WATER INTERACTIONS A Climate and sooety in 20th century Mexico Nelepo describes Intercosmos-Black Sea experiment p 45 N91.27600 p 47 N84-18257 ABSTRACTS Integrating satellite imagery into a geographic Data sets and products p 47 N86-16856 Earth observations and global change decision making: information system for monitoring the downstream impacts Thermohaline circulations and global climate change A special bibliography, 1991 of dam construction on floodplain agriculture in Sokoto |DE91-007458] p 27 N91-19537 [NASA-SP-7092] p 13 N91-30588 State, Nigeria p 15 N93-14823 ACCURACY Thermohaline circulations and global climate change Health effects of global warming: Problems in [DE93-004601] p 36 N93-19505 Accuracy requirements --- for monitoring of climate assessment Ocean variability and its influence on the detectability changes p 46 N94-21642 IDE93-040323] p 39 N94-19930 of greenhouse warming signals ACID RAIN Traditional anthropology and geographical information [DE94-008670] p 48 N94-32881 A computer simulation of ecosystem processes in forests systems in the collaborative study of Cassava in Africa AIRBORNE EQUIPMENT for application to air pollution, acid precipitation, and global p 52 N94-71237 Commercial applications multispectral sensor system change AIR LAND INTERACTIONS p 16 N93-25615 IDE92-019616] p 34 N93.12927 Biophysical characterization and surface radiation AIRCRAFT ACOUSTO*OPTICS balance Small satellites and RPAs in global-change research, JPL activities on development of acousto-optic tunable |NASA-CR-194659] p 39 N94-17762 summary and conclusions filter imaging spectrometer p 5 N94.16696 Sudden climate change: The land surface record ACTS [AD-A247855| p 3 N92-27398 |NASA-CR-191691] p 41 N93-71155 ALBEDO Remote Earth Sciences data collection using ACTS AIR POLLUTION INASA-CR-195227] p 18 N94-26236 Smell satellites and RPA's in global-change research AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY Options for controlling the global warming impact from [AD-A260762] p 38 N93-25837 motor vehicles ALGORITHMS Updating topographic maps using orbital images in a IPB90-161688] p 23 N90-28142 A comparative study of SAn data compression microcomputer environment schemes p 49 N94-28259 IINPE-5409-PRE/1756] p 15 N93-19739 TRENDS "90: A compendium of data on global change ALIPHATIC HYDROCARBONS A detailed procedukre for the use of small scale IDE91-000587] p 25 N91-15632 Trends 1991: A compendium of data on global change photography in land usa classification |DE92°011733] p 32 N92o31907 [NASA-CR-176668] p 20 N86-71872 The dilemma of fossil fuel use and global climate ALLOCATIONS AERIAL RECONNAISSANCE change Our changing planet: The FY 1991 research plan of Program on stimulating operational private sector use [DE91-007859] p 27 N91-19533 of Earth observation satellite information Assessing and managing the risks of climate change the US global change research program [PB91-145813] p 28 N91-24687 [E82.tO131J p 7 N82-21660 p 28 N92-10233 ALTERNATIVES Commercial applications multispectral sensor system Climate and forests p 28 N92-10234 Global warming impacts of CFC alternative technologies: Iterative functionalism and climate management AEFIOSOLS p 16 N93-25615 Combining fluorocarbon and CO2 effects regimes: From intergovernmental panel on climate change [DE93-002347] p 37 N93-22972 International Conference on the Role of the Polar to intergovernmental negotiating committee AMAZON REGION (SOUTH AMERICA) Regions in Global Change: Proceedings, volume 1 IDE92-014798] p 32 N92.31896 Carbon emissions and sequestration in forests: Case IDE92-013652] p 33 N93-11232 A computer simulation of ecosystem processes in forests studies from seven developing countries. Volume 2: International Conference on the Role of the Polar for application to air pollution, acid precipitation, and global Greenhouse gas emissions from deforestration in the Regions in Global Change: Proceedings, volume 2 change Brazilian Amazon IDE92-013653] p 33 N93-11233 [DE92-0196161 p 34 N93-12927 [DE93-001526] p 34 N93-16092

A-1 ANIMALS SUBJECT INDEX

Estimations of temperature and humidity of the canopy ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY ATMOSPHERIC HEATING in Amazon Forest using microwave data from SMMR TRENDS '90: A compendium of data on global The role of clouds and oceans in global greenhouse sensor of Nimbus*7 satellite change warming t INPE-5444.TDI/490 J p46 N94-13614 IDE91-000587] p 25 N91-15632 IDE93-016206} p 38 N94.13079

Sunphotometer network for monitoring aerosol The highlights of 1989 The Greenhouse Effect: Projections of global climate properties in the Brazilian Amazon p 17 N94-20961 I NASA-TM-104985 ] p 6 N91-24669 change p 41 N88-70493 ANIMALS A computer simulation of ecosystem processes in forests Climate change and stratospheric ozone depletion: Need Health effects of global warming: Problems in for application to air pollution, acid precipitation, and global for more than the current minimalist response assessment change p 41 N88.70502 I DE93-040323 J p 39 N94.19930 [DE92-019616] p 34 N93-12927 ATMOSPHERIC MODELS ANNUAL VARIATIONS Chemistry of the atmosphere: Its impact on global Sensitivity of a regional oxidant model to variations in General circulation model output for forest climate change. CHEMRAWN 7: Perspectives and climate parameters, volume 1 and 2 change research and applications recommendations [PB89-2249431 p 22 N90-12981 [PB93-124626l p 37 N93-24015 [PB93-180644] p 48 N93-29670 Modeling the response of plants and ecosystems to ANTENNA DESIGN Quantified estimates of total GWPs for greenhouse global change Microwave sensing technology issues related to a global gases taking into account tropospheric chemistry [ DE91-017403 ) p 26 N91-32587 change technology architecture trade study [DE94.007846l p 40 N94.32817 Sensitivity of climate models: Comparison of simulated p 14 N92-15468 The Earth observing system and observed patterns for past climates ANTHROPOLOGV [ NASA-TM.102942 ] p 20 N9t-70662 IDE92-002820] p 30 N92-16503 Applications of Space-Age Technology in ATMOSPHERIC CIRCULATION The detection of climate change due to the enhanced Anthropology Sixteenth international Laser Radar Conference, part greenhouse effect {NASA-TM-109395] p 49 N94-71223 1 INASA-TM-107965] p 31 N92-31258 Settlement patterns, GIS, remote sensing, and the late I AD-A277077] p 5 N92-29228 Our changing planet: The FY 1993 US global change prehistory of the Black Prairie in east central Mississippi Radiative forcing of climate p 33 N93.11094 research program. A supplement to the US President's p 21 N94-71229 Global change research related to the Earth's energy fiscal year 1993 budget and hydrologic cycle [NASA-CR-190675] p 32 N92-31259 New technology and regional studies in human ecology: A Papua New Guinea example p 42 N94-71231 INASA-CR-195270J p 40 N94-27430 Radiative forcing of climate p 33 N93-11094 ATMOSPHERIC COMPOSITION A computer simulation of ecosystem processes in forests Traditional anthropology and geographical information Scientific linkages in global change for application to air pollution, acid precipitation, and global systems in the collaborative study of Cassava in Africa [PB90-112608] p 23 N90-16356 change p 52 N94-71237 Research programs: Meteorological prediction. Oceanic [DE92-019616] p 34 N93-12927 APPLICATIONS PROGRAMS (COMPUTERS) processes. Climate and global change monitoring. Satellite Sensitivity of direct global warming potentials to key A remote sensing applications update: Results of instrumentation and calibration p 44 N90.25447 uncertainties interviews with Earth Observations Commercialization Solving global environmental problems through [DE92.041045] p 35 N93.16298 Program (EOCAP) participants p 28 N91-22623 technological innovation NASA/MSFC FY92 Earth Science and Applications Global ecosystems database. Version 1.0 (on CD-ROM). (DE90-010018] p 25 N91-16446 Program Research Review EPA global climate research program. NOAA/NGDC global The global climate system: Climate system monitoring, [NASA.CP-3184] p 45 N93.20067 change database program. Documentation manual, June 1986 to November 1988 Discrimination among semi.arid landscape endmemhers DISC-A, Volume 1. NGDC key to geophysical records [CSM-R-84/86] p 44 N91-17504 using the Spectral Angle Mapper (SAM) algorithm documentation No, 27 Epilogue p 29 N92-10240 p 17 N94-16711 [PB93-t46090J p 37 N93.24645 Report of the International Ozone Trends Panel 1988, Climate forcings and feedbacks p 46 N94-21641 APPROPRIATIONS volume 2 Global change research: Summaries of research in FY Our changing planet: The FY 1991 US global change {NASA-TM-105119] p 29 N92.15457 1993 research program. A report by the committee on Earth Global warming. Emission reductions possible as [DE94-003150] p 40 N94-26473 Sciences to accompany the FY 1991 budget scientific uncertainties are resolved Role of satellite observations of sea-surface temperature [ PB90-202623 ] p 24 N90-28907 [GAO/RCED-90-58] p 31 N92-25415 in the detection of global change ARCHAEOLOGY Sensitivity of global warming potentials to the assumed [PB94-138120] p 18 N94-29107 Determination of the utility of remote sensing data for background atmosphere Acquisition of satellite remote sensing data in the land use/cover analysis in the lower Appalachia region: [DE92-011072] p 31 N92-27417 Meteorological Service p 47 N85-74434 Assessing the utility of remote sensing data for The role of liders in global change research Toward an understanding of global change archeological site recognition p 31 N92-29235 [NASA.CR.190167) p 41 N92-70346 IE86-10021] p 10 N86-17815 Trends 1991: A compendium of data on global change ATMOSPHERIC PHYSICS Settlement pettems, GIS, remote sensing, and the late [DE92-011733| p 32 N92-31907 Accuracy requirements -- for monitoring of climate prohistory of the Black Prairie in east central Mississippi International Conference on the Role of the Polar changes p 46 N94-21642 p 21 N94-71229 Regions in Global Change: Proceedings, volume 1 ATMOSPHERIC RADIATION ARCHITECTURE (COMPUTERS) [DE92-013652] p 33 N93-11232 Small satellites and RPAs in global-change research, International Conference on the Role of the Polar summary and conclusions Remote sensing information sciences research group: Browse in the EOS era Regions in Global Change: Proceedings, volume 2 [AD-A247855] p 3 N92-27386 f NASA-CR.184637] p 11 N89-22979 [DE92-013653] p 33 N93-11233 Atmospheric radiation measurement: A program for Global change research: Summaries of research in FY improving radiative forcing and feedback in general Information technology and global change science 1992 circulation models {DE91-005020] p 26 N91-18492 [DE93-002859] p 35 N93-18405 (DE92-014263] p 43 N93-70092 Linking remote-sensing technology and global needs: Global warming impacts of CFC alternative technologies: ATMOSPHERIC SCAI"rERING A strategic vision Combining fluorocarbon and CO2 effects Global change and the dark of the moon INASA-TM-109214] p 20 N94-70142 [DE93-002347] p 37 N93-22972 [AD-A255181] p 52 N93-12380 ARID LANDS Trends '91: A compendium of data on global change. ATMOSPHERIC TEMPERATURE Discrimination among semi-and landscape endmembars Highlights The uncertainties of global temperatures in the global using the Spectral Angle Mapper (SAM) algorithm [DE93-003112] p 38 N93-25144 warming context p 17 N94-16711 Driving terrestrial ecosystem models from space [TABES PAPER 92-447] p 32 N92-32014 ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE p 39 N94-15896 Global temperature variations p 45 N93-20068 Remote Sensing Information Sciences Research Group, ATMOSPHERIC EFFECTS The role of clouds and oceans in global greenhouse Santa Barbara Information Sciences Research Group, year Sixteenth International Laser Radar Conference, part warming 3 1 [DE93-016206] p 38 N94-13079 [NASA-CR-179769] p 11 N86-32863 [AD-A277077] p 5 N92-29228 Estimations of temperature and humidity of the canopy ARTIFICIAL SATELLITES ATMOSPHERIC ELECTRICITY in Amazon Forest using microwave data from SMMR Geographic research in the US Geological Survey: Lightning, atmospheric electricity, and climate change sensor of Nimbus-7 satellite Bibliography, 1966- 1980 [DE94-002003] p 46 N94-23471 [INPE-5444-TDI/490] p 46 N94-13614 [ USGS-CIRC-865 ] p42 N83-11639 ATMOSPHERIC GENERAL CIRCULATION MODELS AUTOMATIC CONTROL Upper Atmosphere Research Satellite (UARS) trade Potential effects of global climate change on the United Satellite image processing using symbolic structures O f analysis States. Appendix h Variability reduced vision conditions [NASA-CR-175269] p 2 N85-15774 [PB90-173899] p 25 N91-10403 {INPE-4638-TDL/337] p 49 N89-27367 Small satellites and RPA's in global-change research Equilibrium-analysis of projected climate change effects [AD-A260762] p 38 N93.25837 on the global soil organic matter pool B [PB92-153022] p 31 N92-26509 Assessment of satellite earth observation programs Thermohaline circulations and global climate change [NASA-CR-193279] p 20 N93-72477 [DE93-004601] p 36 N93-19505 BACKSCATTERING ASIA General circulation model output for forest climate Sixteenth International Laser Radar Conference, part Responding to the threat of global warming: Options change research and applications 1 for the Pacific and Asia {PB93-124626] p 37 N93.24015 [AD-A277077] p 5 N92-29228 IDE90.014756] p 24 N90.28918 Atmospheric radiation measurement: A program for BALTIC SEA /_STRONOMY improving radiative forcing and feedback in general The effect of global change and long period tides on Research contributions in astronomy, satellite remote circulation models the Earth's rotation and gravitational potential sensing p 10 N86-20947 [DE92-0142631 p 43 N93-70092 p 14 N92-26781 ATLANTIC OCEAN ATMOSPHERIC HEAT BUDGET BANDPASS FILTERS Thermohaline circulations and global climate change The Earth observing system JPL activities on development of acousto-optic tunable JDE93-004601] p 36 N93-19505 [NASA-TM-102942] p 20 N91-70662 filter imaging spectrometer p 5 N94-16696

A-2 , 5¸ • _ . , , • .

SUBJECT INDEX CLIMATE CHANGE

BIBLIOGRAPHIES CARBON CYCLE Global Climate Change (GCC) issues and their impacts Geographic research in the US Geological Survey: Sensitivity of direct global warming potentials to key on the US Army Corps of Engineers Bibliography, 1966- 1980 uncertainties lAD-A247279) p 34 N93-11466 IUSGS-CIRC-865_ p 42 N83.11639 IDE92-041045) p 35 N93-16298 A computer simulation of ecosystem processes inforests CARBON DIOXIDE Earth observations and global change decision making: for application to air pollution, acid precipitation, and global A special bibliography, 1991 TRENDS '90: A compendium of data on global change INASA-SP-7092 ) p 13 N91-30588 change |DE92-019616] p 34 N93-12927 Bibliography of global change, 1992 (DE91.000587) p 25 N9t-15632 Global temperature variations p 45 N93-20068 I NASA-SP-7102) p 15 N93-23239 Modeling the response of plants and ecosystems to General circulation model output for forest climate BIOGEOCHEMISTRY global change change research and applications [DE91-617403 J p 28 N91-32587 International geosphere-biosphere program: A study of _PB93.124626] p 37 N93-24015 global change Climate change: Problems of limits and policy Topex/Poseidon: A United Statas/France mission. IPB88-142393J p 21 N88-19021 responses p 28 N92-10232 BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS Climate and forests p 28 N92-10234 Oceanography from space: The oceans and climate I NASA-TM-108253J p 3 N94-10699 Global Change: A Biogeochemical Perspective Sensitivity of direct global warming potentials to key I NASA-CR-1732101 p21 N84-16656 uncertainties Climate forcings and feedbacks p 46 N94-21641 Global change and carrying capacity: implications for IDE92-041045J p 35 N93-16298 Role of satellite observations of sea-surface temperature life on Earth p 26 N91-17454 Global warming impacts of CFC alternative technologies: in the detection of global change Modeling the response of plants and ecosystems to Combining fluorocarbon and CO2 effects IPB94-138120) p 18 N94-29107 global change ]DE93-002347) p 37 N93-22972 Reports to the nation on our changing planet. The climate IDE91-017403] p 28 N91.32587 Incorporating global warming risks in power sector system• Winter 1991, no. 1 p 41 N91-71392 A computer simulation of ecosystem processes inforests planning. Volume 1: A case study of the New England Reconstruction of spatial patterns of climatic anomalies for application to air pollution, acid precipitation, and global region during the medieval warm period (AD 900-1300) change [DE93-015241] p 39 N94.17289 I DE94-006637J p 47 N94-72025 IDE92-019616) p 34 N93-12927 National US public policy on global warming derived from CLIMATE CHANGE BIOPHYSICS optimization of energy use and environmental impact Toward an understanding of global change: Initial studies Driving terrestrial ecosystem models from space priorities for US contributions to the International p 39 N94-15896 I DE94-0046061 p 40 N94.32790 Gecsphera-Biosphere Program CARSON DIOXIDE CONCENTRATION Biophysical characterization and surface radiation INASA-CR-185873] p 21 N90.12980 balance Carbon dioxide and climate: Summaries of research in Sensitivity of a regional oxidant model to variations in FY 1989 INASA-CR-194659] p 39 N94-17762 climate parameters, volume 1 and 2 BIOSPHERE [DE90-001791) p 22 N90-14723 IPB89-224943] p 22 N90-12981 Toward an International Geosphere-Biosphera Program: US energy use: New technologies and policies in Climate prolections with regional resolution A Study of Global Change response to global warming |DE90.000858] p 22 N90-14715 IPB84-161769J p 42 N84-24038 IDE90-002170J p 22 N90.14724 Carbon dioxide and climate: Summaries of research in Hierarchy theory and global change A qualitative architecture for understanding policy FY 1989 I DE86-005154 ] p44 N86-31190 responses to global change |DE90-001791J p 22 N90-14723 International geosphere-biosphere program: A study of |DE90-003936] p 23 N90-16364 US energy use: New technologies and policies in global change The dilemma of fossil fuel use and global climate response to global warming change [PB88-142393] p 21 N88-19021 [DE90-002170] p 22 N90-14724 Equilibrium-anatysis of projected climate change effects IDE91-007859] p 27 N91-19533 Global climate change and NEPA (National on the global soil organic matter pool Thermohaline circulations and global climate change Environmental Policy Act) analyses IPB92-1530221 p 31 N92.26509 [DE91-007458] p 27 N91-19537 [DE90-OO3704J p 22 N90-15540 Global Climate Change (GCC) issues and their impacts Epilogue p 29 N92-10240 Global climate change: A fossil energy perspective on the US Army Corps of Engineers Sensitivity of climate models: Comparison of simulated {DE90-003770] p 23 N90-15541 and observed pettems for past climates (AD-A247279] p 34 N93-11466 Scientific linkages in global change [DE92-002820] p 30 N92-16503 Toward an understanding of global change [PB90-1126081 p 23 N90-16356 CEMENTS |NASA-CR-190167] p 41 N92-70346 Effects of global climate change on agroecosystems: BOOSTER ROCKET ENGINES TRENDS '90: A compendium of data on global Scope of work change Civil space technology initiative p 1 N89-11761 [PB90.120023| p 23 N90.18813 BRAZILIAN SPACE PROGRAM [DE91-000587] p 25 N91-15632 Research programs: Meteorological prediction. Oceanic CENTRAL PROCESSING UNITS Brazilian Remote Sensing Shuttle Experiment processes. Climate and global change monitoring. Satellite (BRESEX): Characteristics and future utilization on Practical applications of remote sensing technology instrumentation and calibration p 44 N90-25447 satellites |NASA-CR-186810] p 12 N90-26377 Options for controlling the global warming impact from |INPE-3313-PRE/620| p 5 N85-19385 CHANGE DETECTION motor vehicles BRIGHTNESS TEMPERATURE The detection of climate change due to the enhanced [PS90-161688) p 23 N90.28142 greenhouse effect Estimations of temperature and humidity of the canopy Policy options for stabilizing global climate. Volume 1: in Amazon Forest using microwave data from SMMR [NASA-TM-107965] p 31 N92-31258 Chapters 1-6 CHLOROFLUOROCARBONS sensor of Nimbus-7 satellite [PB90-182304] p 23 N90-28146 I INPE-5444-TDI/490 ] p46 N94-13614 Global warming impacts of CFC alternative technologies: Our changing planet: The FY 1991 US global change BUDGETING Combining fluorocarbon and CO2 effects research program• A report by the committee on Earth Our changing planet: The FY 1992 US global change (DE93-002347] p 37 N93-22972 Sciences to accompany the FY 1991 budget CmES research program. A supplement to the US President's |PB90-202623] p 24 N90-28907 fiscal year 1992 budget p 28 N91-24690 Proposed methodology for the study of urban Responding to the threat of global warming: Options BULGARIA environment and space structure in metropolitan area for the Pacific and Asia [INPE-5203-PRE/1665] p 2 N91-21216 Contribution to space program reviewed [DE90-014756 p 24 N90-28918 CMMATE p 1 N85-26834 Potential effects of global climate change on the United Toward an understanding of global change: Initial States. Appendix C: Agriculture, volume I priorities for US contributions to the International IPB90-171588 p 24 N91-10394 C Geosphera_Biesphero Program Potential effects of global climate change on the United |NASA-CR-185873] p 21 N90-12980 States. Appendix A: Water resources CANADIAN SPACE PROGRAM The global climate system: Climate system monitoring, 1PB90-171968 p 24 N91-10395 Conference on Using Next Generation Earth June 1986 to November 1988 Potential effects of global climate change on the United Observation Satellites: Summary handbook {CSM-R-64/86] p 44 N91-17504 States. Appendix B: Sea level rise p 7 N83-12508 Modeling the response of plants and ecosystems to [PB90-172628 p 24 N91-10396 CANOPIES (VEGETATION) global change Potential effects of global climate change on the United Modeling the response of plants and ecosystems to [ DE91-017403 | p 28 ,N91-32587 States. Appendix C: Agriculture, volume 2 global change Product development plans for operational satellite 1PB90-171596 p 24 N91-10397 IDE91-017403] p 28 N91-32587 products for the NOAA Climate and Global Change Potential effects of global climate change on the United Estimations of temperature and humidity of the canopy Program: Special report no. 5 p 3 N92-16009 States, Appendix D: Forests in Amazon Forest using microwave data from SMMR Sensitivity of climate models: Comparison of simulated [PB90-173238 p 24 N91-10398 sensor of Nimbus-7 satellite and observed patterns for past climates Potential effects of global climate change on the United [INPE-5444-TDI/490 ] p46 N94-13614 |DE92-002820] p 30 N92-16503 States. Appendix E: Aquatic resources CAPACITY Global warming. Emission reductions possible as [PB90-172297 p 25 N91-10399 Global change and carrying capacity: Implications for scientific uncertainties are resolved Potential effects of global climate change on the United life on Earth p 26 N91-17454 (GAO/RCED-90.58] p 31 N92-25415 States. Appendix F: Air quality CARBON Equilibrium-analysis of projected climate change effects [PB90-172230 p 25 N91-10400 Equilibrium-analysis of projected climate change effects on the global soil organic matter pool Potential effects of global climate change on the United on the global soil organic matter pool [PS92-153022| p 31 N92-26509 States. Appendix G: Health IPB92-153022] p 31 N92-26509 tterative functionalism and climate management [PB90-173881 p 25 N91-10401 CARBON COMPOUNDS regimes: From intergovernmental panel on climate change Potential effects of global climate change on the United Carbon emissions and sequestration in forests: Case to intergovernmental negotiating committee States. Appendix H: Infrastructure studies from seven developing countries. Volume 2: [DE92-014798) p 32 N92-31896 [PB90-172313 p 25 N91-10402 Greenhouse gas emissions from deforestration in the The uncertainties of global temperatures in the global Potential effects of global climate change on the United Brazilian Amazon warming context States, Appendix h Variability [DE93-001526) p 34 N93-16092 |TABES PAPER 92-447] p 32 N92-32014 [PB90-173899] p 25 N91-10403

A-3 CLIMATE CHANGE SUBJECT INDEX

Potential effects of global climate change on the United The 1991 Woodlands Conference: The Regions and Thermohaline circulations end global climate change States. Appendix J: Policy Global Warming: Impacts and Response Strategies [DE93.004601 J p 36 N93-19505 IPB90-173188] p 25 N91-10404 IDE92-003221] p 30 N92-24671 Global change information support: A north-south TRENDS '90: A compendium of data on global Limiting net greenhouse gas emissions in the United coalition change States [NASA-TM-1089831 p 36 N93°19940 ] DE91.000587 ] p 25 N91.15632 IDE92"007267] p 30 N92-25313 Global change data base training exercise manual. Solving global environmental problems through Global warming, Emission reductions possible as Exploring Earth's environment: Africa as an example technological innovation scientific uncertainties are resolved IPB92-224682] p 36 N93-21211 [ DE90-010018] p25 N91-16446 IGAO/RCED-90-581 p 31 N92-25415 Global Change Data Base Pilot (Diskette) Project for Potential responses of landscape boundaries to global Equilibrium.analysis of projected climate change effects Africa. Dase base documentation version 1.1 environmental change on the global soil organic matter pool tPB93-117927 ] p 43 N93°21686 IDE90-008568 ] p 26 N91.16451 IPB92-153022] p 31 N92-26509 US Global Change Data and Information Management Global Change and Our Common Future. Papers from Small satellites and RPAs in global-change research, Program Plan: A report by the Committee on Earth and a Forum summary and conclusions Environmental Sciences I LC-89-62950] p 26 N91-17453 lAD-A2478551 p 3 N92-27388 PB93-101293] p 36 N93-21695 Global change and carrying capacity: Implications for Sensitivity of global warming potentials to the assumed Economics and global change: The FY 1993 research life on Earth p 26 N91-17454 background atmosphere program on the economics of global change, A supplement The US global change research program: An IDE92-011072] p 31 N92-27417 to the US President's FY 1993 budget and a companion assessment of the FY 1991 plans Sixteenth International Laser Radar Conference, part document to out changing planet lLC-90-62105] p 26 N9t-17457 1 [PB93-101244] p 37 N93.21696 The global climate system: Climate system monitoring, lAD-A277077] p 5 N92-29228 Global warming impacts of CFC alternative technologies: June 1986 to November 1988 The role of lidars in global change research Combining fluorocarbon and CO2 effects [CSM-R-84/86} p 44 N91-17504 p 31 N92-29235 [DE93-0023471 p 37 N93-22972 Information technology and global change science The detection of climate change due to the enhanced Bibliography of global change, 1992 lDE91-005020] p 26 N91-18492 greenhouse effect [NASA-SP.7102] p 15 N93-23239 Global change: What you can do |NASA-TM-107965] p 31 N92-31258 General circulation model output for forest climate IS-HRG-101-1160] p26 N91-19528 Our changing planet: The FY 1993 US global change change research and applications The dilemma of fossil fuel use and global climate research program. A supplement to the US President's [ PB93°124626 ] p 37 N93-24015 change fiscal year 1993 budget Global ecosystems database. Version 1.0 (on CD-ROM). lDE91-007859] p 27 N91-19533 I NASA-CR-190675 ] p32 N92-31259 EPA global climate research program. NOAA/NGDC global Tharmohaline circulations and global climate change Our Changing Planet: The FY 1993 US Global Change change database program, User's guide, Volume 1. NGDC [ DE91-007458] p 27 N91-19537 Research Program. A report by the Committee on Earth key to geophysical records documentation No. 26 Statistical examination of climatological data relevant and Environmental Sciences, a supplement to the US |PB93-146082] p 37 N93-24334 to global temperature variation President's fiscal year 1993 budget Global ecosystems database. Version 1.0 (on CD°ROM). IDE91-007881 ] p 27 N91-19540 [PB92-156892J p 32 N92.31620 EPA global climate research program, NOAA/NGDC global Global warming: Transportation and energy Iterative functionalism and climate management change database program. Documentation manual, considerations, 1990 regimes: From intergovernmental panel on climate change DISC-A. Volume 1. NGDC key to geophysical records [PB91-118919] p27 N91-20567 to intergovernmental negotiating committee documentation No. 27 Polar research from satellites [DE92-014798] p 32 N92.31896 |PB93-146090] p 37 N93°24645 [NASA-CR-188025] p 43 N91-21640 Trends 1991: A compendium of data on global change Sea level variation p 47 N93-24929 Research in geosciences policy [DE92-011733] p 32 N92-31907 Analysis of LARI sensor system [NASA-CR-188038] p 27 N91-22619 The uncertainties of global temperatures in the global [DE93.006334] p 37 N93-24977 Global change and biodiversity loss: Some impediments warming context Application of optical remote sensing to the study of to response p 27 N91-22622 [TABES PAPER 92.447] p 32 N92-32014 surface fluxes related to cloud formation Our changing planet: The FY 1991 research plan of Proceedings of International Conference on the Role [DE93-003783] p 45 N93-25125 the US global change research program of the Polar Regions in Global Change, volume 1 Trends '91: A compendium of data on global change. [PB91-145813] p 28 N91-24687 [AD-A253027] p 32 N92-33578 Highlights Our changing planet: The FY 1992 US global change Proceedings of International Conference on the Role [DE93°003112] p 38 N93-25144 research program. A supplement to the US President's of the Polar Regions in Global Change, volume 2 Southern global change program. Determining the fiscal year 1992 budget p 28 N91o24690 lAD-A253028] p 33 N92-33579 relationships between air pollutants, climate change, and Satellite orbit considerations for a global change Global change data sets: Excerpts from the Master southern forests technology architecture trade study Directory, version 2.0 [ PB93-176246] p 38 N93-27410 [NASA-TM-104081 ] p 44 N91-26557 [NASA-TM.107994] p 33 N92-34028 Chemistry of the atmosphere: Its impact on global Science requirements for a global change technology Radiative forcing of climate p 33 N93-11094 change. CHEMRAWN 7: Perspectives and architecture trade study Interoafional Conference on the Role of the Polar recommendations [NASA-TM-104082] p 45 N91-25558 Regions in Global Change: Proceedings, volume 1 [PB93.180644] p 48 N93-29670 Climate and society in 20th century Mexico [DE92-013652] p 33 N93-11232 Trend survey on the elucidation of the global warming p 45 N91-27600 International Conference on the Role of the Polar mechanism by the governments of major industrialized Climate change: Problems of limits and policy Regions in Global Change: Proceedings, volume 2 nations responses p 28 N92-10232 [DE92-013653] p 33 N93-11233 [DE93-776427] p 38 N93-29672 Assessing and managing the risks of climate change Global Climate Change (GCC) issues and their impacts Topex/Poseidon: A United States/France mission. p 28 N92-10233 on the US Army Corps of Engineers Oceanography from space: The oceans and climate Climate and forests p 28 N92-10234 [AD-A247279] p 34 N93-11466 INASA-TM-1082531 p 3 N94-10699 Human dimensions of global change: Toward a research Reports to the Nation on our changing planet. Winter The role of clouds and oceans in global greenhouse agenda p 29 N92-10238 1991 No. 1: The climate system warming Epilogue p 29 N92-10240 INASA-CR-f 90954 ] p 45 N93-11880 [DE93-016206] p 38 N94-13079 Report of the International Ozone Trends Panel 1988, The uses and limits of economic models as a climate Driving terrestrial ecosystem models from space volume 2 change policy tool p 39 N94-15896 JNASA-TM-105119] p 29 N92.15457 [DE92-015792] p 34 N93.12474 EOS SAR: A new approach p 4 N94-15904 Global change technology architecture trade study Earth science information: Planning for the integration A summary of microwave remote sensing investigations [NASA-TM-104128] p 29 N92-15464 and use of global change information planned for BOREAS p 17 N94-15914 Science requirements for a global change technology [NASA-CR-191217] p 51 N93-12660 Global change research: Science and policy initiative architecture trade study p 29 N92-15465 A computer simulation of ecosystem processes inforests [DE93-015675] p 39 N94-f6445 Satellite orbit considerations for a global change for application to air pollution, acid precipitation, and global Discrimination among semi-and landscape endmembers technology architecture trade study p 1 N92-15466 change using the Spectral Angle Mapper (SAM) algorithm Selection of representative instruments for a global [DE92-019616] p 34 N93-12927 p 17 N94°16711 change technology architecture trade study Carbon emissions and sequestration in forests: Case Incorporating global warming risks in power sector p 5 N92-15467 studies from seven developing countries. Volume 2: planning. Volume 1: A case study of the New England Microwave sensing technology issues related to a global Greenhouse gas emissions from deforestration in the region change technology architecture trade study Brazilian Amazon {DE93-015241] p 39 N94-17289 p 14 N92-15468 [DE93-001526] p 34 N93-16092 Biophysical characterization and surface radiation Geostationary orbit Earth science platform concepts for ,Sensitivity of direct global warming potentials to key balance global change monitoring p 3 N92-15471 uncertainties [NASA-CR-194659] p 39 N94-17762 Options in the global change fleet architecture provided |DE92-041045] p 35 N93-16298 Health effects of global warming: Problems in by the presence of an EOS-A and -B p 3 N92.15472 Global climate change: Some implications, opportunities, assessment Information data systems for a global change technology and challenges for US forestry {DE93-040323] p 39 N94.19930 initiative architecture trade study p 51 N92-15473 [DE92-040874] p 35 N93-17209 Sunphotometer network for monitonng aerosol Product development plans for operational satellite Global Change Research Program: A component of the properties in the Brazilian Amazon p 17 N94.20961 products for the NOAA Climate and Global Change US Global Change Research Program. 1993 research Climate forcings and feedbacks p 46 N94°21641 P.rogram: Special report no, 5 p 3 N92-16009 opportunities Accuracy requirements -°- for monitoring of climate Sensitivity of climate models: Comparison of simulated |NSF-g2-77] p 35 N93-18319 changes p 46 N94-21642 and observed patterns for past climates Global change research: Summaries of research in FY Lightning, atmospheric electricity, and climate change [DE92-002820] p 30 N92-16503 1992 [DE94-002003 ] p46 N94-23471 Greenhouse effect: DOE's programs and activities IDE93-002859] p 35 N93-18405 Global change research related to the Earth's energy relevant to the global warming phenomenon The US global change research program: Early and hydrologic cycle IGAO/RCED-90-74BR] p 30 N92-20647 achievements and future directions p 36 N93-18864 INASA°CR-195270] p 40 N94-27430

A-4 .... -+ H_ _: :+:"i_/: _I.':_!'_I,+ ¸I:: i , : !:i_: _ _

SUBJECT INDEX CONGRESSIONAL REPORTS

Global change research: Summaries of research in FY Global ecosystems database. Version 0.1 (beta.test). COMPUTER AIDED MAPPING 1993 EPA Global Climate Research Program. NOAA/NGDC Design and development of the terrain information I DE94-003150 J p 40 N94-28473 Global Change Database Program. Prototype 1: Database extraction system Role of satellite observations of sea.surface temperature documentation, NGDC key to geophysical records lAD-A231166| p 13 N91-21623 , in the detection of global change documentation No. 25. User's manual Scan.line methods in spatial data systems IPB94-138120] p 18 N94.29107 [PB92-122803} p 30 N92-21439 lAD-A231165} p 50 N91-21973 i+/_ !i _ Global change research and NASA's Earth Observing Iterative functionalism and climate management The integration of remote sensing, geographic System regimes: From intergovernmental panel on climate change information system, and expert system technologies for IPB94-126992J p 18 N94-31068 to intergevernmental negotiating committee landcover classification p 49 N91-23733 National US public policy on global warming derived from IDE92-014798J p 32 N92-91896 Center for Mapping, Ohio State University optimization of energy use and environmental impact The uncertainties of global temperatures in the global p 14 N92-23655 studies warming context COMPUTER GRAPHICS IDE94-004606] p 40 Ng4-32790 ITABES PAPER 92-447] p 32 N92.32014 Information technology and global change science Proceedings of International Conference on the Role Quantified estimates of total GWPs for greenhouse IDE91-005020J p 26 N91-18492 +_iii_ gases taking into account tropospheric chemistry of the Polar Regions in Global Change, volume 1 Plots of ground coverage achioveable by global change IAD-A2530271 p 32 N92-33578 IDE94-007846J p 40 N94-32817 monitoring instruments and spacecraft Proceedings of International Conference on the Role p 14 N92.15476 Ocean variability and its influence on the detectability of the Polar Regions in Global Change, volume 2 COMPUTER NETWORKS of greenhouse warming signals IAD-A253028] p 33 N92-33579 i_i!iiiL+i IDE94-008670] p 48 N94-32881 Upper Atmosphere Research Satellite (UARS) trade Radiative forcing of climate p 33 N93-11094 analysis Current policies of the major countries coping with the Reports to the Nation on our changing planet, Winter I NASA.CR-175269 J p 2 N85-15774 global warming problem and-the energy demand and 1991 No, 1: The climate system Information technology and global change science supply INASA-CR-190954J p 45 N93-11880 IDE91-005020J p 26 N91-18492 I DE94-757291J p 40 N94-32920 Global change research: Summaries of research in FY Earth science information: Planning for the integration Insight to global change: EOS/SAR mission 1992 and use of global change information I NASA.CR.196133 J p 40 N94.35503 |DE93-0028591 p 35 N93.18405 [NASA-CR-1912081 p 51 N93-12680 Selected translated abstracts of Russian-languege Thermohaline circulations and global climate change COMPUTER PROGRAMS climate-change publications, 2: Clouds [DE93-004601] p 36 N93-19505 Jackson State University's Center for Spatial Data [DE94-011465] p 47 N94-36244 General circulation model output for forest climate Research and Applications: New facilities and new Science priorities for the human dimensions of global change research and applications paradigms p 2 N91-28079 change p 40 N94-36987 [PB93-1246261 p 37 N93-24015 Modeling the response of plants and ecosystems to The Greenhouse Effect: Projections of global climate Global ecosystems database, Version 1.0 (on CD-ROM). global change change p 41 N88.70493 EPA global climate research program. NOAA/NGDC global IDE91-017403] p28 N91-32587 change database program. User's guide. Volume 1. NGDC +, Climate change and stratospheric ozone depletion: Need COMPUTER TECHNIQUES key to geophysical records documentation No. 26 for more than the current minimalist response Nelepe describes Intarcosmos-Black Sea experiment [PB93-146082] p 37 N93-24334 p 41 N88-70502 p 47 N84-18257 Global ecosystems database. Version 1.0 (on CD-ROM). The Earth observing system Analysis of LARI sensor system EPA global climate reseerch program. NOAA/NGDC global [ NASA-TM.1029421 p 20 N91-70662 |DE93-O06334J p 37 N93-24977 change database program. Documentation manual, COMPUTER VISION America's climate change strategy: An action agenda DISC-A. Volume 1. NGDC key to geophysical records Satellite image processing using symbolic structures of p 41 N91-71330 documentation No. 27 reduced vision conditions Reports to the nation on our changing planet. The climate [PB93-146090] p 37 N93-24645 |INPE-4636-TDL/337] p 49 N89-27367 system. Winter 1991, no. 1 p 41 N91-71392 Topex/Poseidon: A United States/France mission. COMPUTERIZED SIMULATION Exploring global change: The benefits and Oceanography from space: The oceans and climate Modeling the response of plants and ecosystems to disadvantages of microsatellite, lightsatallite, and IrNASA-TM-108253] p 3 N94-10699 global change megasatellite architectures The role of clouds and oceans in global greenhouse |DE91-017403] p 28 N91-32587 [DE92-009513J p 41 N92-70838 warming Reports to the nation on our changing planet. The climate Atmospheric radiation measurement: A program for |DE93-016206| p 38 N94-13079 system. Winter 1991, no. 1 p 41 N91-71392 improving radiative forcing and feedback in general Estimations of temperature and humidity of the canopy CONFERENCES circulation models in Amazon Forest using microwave data from SMMR Conference on Using Next Generation Earth [DE92.014263] p 43 N93.70092 sensor of Nimbus-7 satellite Observation Satellites: Summaw handbook Sudden climate change: The land surface record [ INPE-5444-TDI/490 ] p46 N94-13614 p 7 N83-12508 fNASA-CR-191691] p 41 N93-71155 Climate forcings and feedbacks p 46 N94-21641 Toward an International Geosphere-Biosphere Program: Reconstruction of spatial patterns of climatic anomalies Accuracy requirements -- for monitoring of climate A Study of Global Change dunng the medieval warm period (AD 900-1300) changes p 46 N94-21642 [PB84-161769] p 42 N84-24038 |DE94-006637] p 47 N94-72025 Global change research: Summaries of research in FY Tenth Conference of Working Group of Socialist CLIMATOLOGY 1993 Countries on Remote Sensing of Earth under Intercosmos Global climate change: A fossil energy perspective [DE94-003150] p 40 N94-28473 Program p 9 N85.26820 Proceedings of International Conference on the Role [DE90-003770] p 23 N90-15541 Reports to the nation on our changing planet. The climate of the Polar Regions in Global Change, volume 1 Effects of global climate change on agroecosystams: system, Winter 1991, no, 1 p 41 N91-71392 lAD-A253027| p 32 N92-33578 Scope of work Unkieg remote-eensing technology and global needs: Proceedings of International Conference on the Role IPS90-120023] p 23 N90-18813 A strategic vision of the Polar Regions in Global Change. volume 2 Policy options for stabilizing global climate, Volume 1: [NASA-TM-109214] p 20 N94-70142 {AD-A253028] p 33 N92-33579 Chapters 1-6 CLOUD COVER International Conference on the Role of the Polar [PB90.182304J p 23 N90-28146 Application of optical remote sensing to the study of Regions in Global Change: Proceedings, volume 1 Our changing planet: The FY 1991 US global change surface fluxes related to cloud formation [ DE92-013652] p33 N93-11232 research program. A report by the committee on Earth I DE93-003783 ] p45 N93-25125 International Conference on the Role of the Polar Sciences to accompany the FY 1991 budget The role of clouds and oceans in global greenhouse Regions in Global Change: Proceedings, volume 2 [PB90-202623 ] p 24 N90.26907 warming |DE92-013653| p 33 N93-11233 The global climate system: Climate system monitoring, IDE93-016206] p 38 N94-19079 Proceedings of the First Seminar on Geographic June 1986 to November 1988 Atmospheric radiation measurement: A program for Information Systems in Zambia {CSM-R-84/86] p 44 N91-17504 improving radiative forcing and feedback in general [PB92-207125] p 51 N93-11789 Statistical examination of climatological data relevant circulation models Highlights of the National Conference of State to global temperature variation [DE92-014263] p 43 N93-70092 Legislatures: Legislative Workshop on State Uses of IDE91-007881] p 27 N91-19540 CLOUDS (METEOROLOGY) Satellite Remote Sensing no. 3 Research in geosciences policy Global Climate Change (GCC) issues and their impacts INASA-CR-173790] p 19 N84-74962 [NASA-CR-188038] p 27 N91-22619 on the US Army Corps of Engineers Report of the Francophone African Workshop on the Global change and biodiversity loss: Some impediments lAD-A247279| p 34 N93-11466 Human Dimensions of Global Change to response p 27 N91-22622 Selected translated abstracts of Russian-language |HDGCP-FA-001] p 41 N93.71749 The highlights of 1989 climate-change publications. 2: Clouds Applications of Space-Age Technology in Anthropology [NASA-TM-104985] p 6 N91-24669 [DE94-011465 ] p 47 N94-36244 COASTAL WATER INASA-TM-109395] p 49 N94-71223 Our changing planet: The FY 1992 US global change CONGRESSIONAL REPORTS research program. A supplement to the US President's Preliminary study of LANDSAT imageries of Taiwan and Civil land remote sensing systems fiscal year 1992 budget p 28 N91-24690 its surroundings p 8 N84.35050 [GPO-35-265] p 6 N82-15497 Potential effects of global climate change on the United Satellite orbit considerations for a global change Civil land remote sensing system States. Appendix B: Sea level rise technology architecture trade study [GPO-87-070] p 7 N82-22630 [PS90-172628] p 24 N91-10396 |NASA.TM-104081] p 44 N91-25557 Global change: What you can do COMBUSTION • Global change technology architecture trade study IS-HRG-101-1160] p 26 N91-19528 (NASA.TM-104128] p 29 N92.15464 TRENDS '90: A compendium of data on global Greenhouse effect: DOE's programs and activities Satellite orbit considerations for a global change change relevant to the global warming phenomenon technology architecture trade study p 1 N92.15466 |DE91-000587l p 25 N91.15632 [GAO/RCED-90-74BR] p 30 N92-20647 Selection of representative instruments for a global COMBUSTION PRODUCTS Global change research and NASA's Earth Observing change technology architecture trade study Global climate change: A fossil energy perspective System p 5 N92-15467 [DE90-003770] p 23 N90.15541 IPB94-126992] p 18 N94-91068

A-5 CONSERVATION SUBJECT INDEX

Program on Earth Observation Data Management Bibliography of global change, 1992 DATA SYSTEMS .% Systems (EODMS) I NASA-SP.7102J p 15 N93-23239 Analysis and modelling of spatial data proposal of a (NASA-CR.175990J p 19 N85-73372 Global ecosystems database. Version 1.0 (on CD-ROM). system for CBERS CONSERVATION EPA global climate research program. NOAA/NGDC global IINPE-4911-PRE/1512J p 12 N90-21445 Global change: What you can do change database program. User's guide. Volume 1. NGDC Scan.line methods in spatial data systems fS-HRG-101-1160J p 26 N91-19528 key to geophysical records documentation No. 26 [AD-A231165J p 50 N91-21973 Soil conservation applications with C-band SAn [PB93-t46082J p 37 N93-24334 Information data systems for a global change technology p 48 N94.16760 Global ecosystems database. Version 1.0 (on CD-ROM). initiative architecture trade study p 51 N92-15473 CONTRACTS EPA global climate research program. NOAA/NGDC global The Payload Advisory Panel and the Data and Landsat as a commercial enterprise change database program. Documentation manual, Information System Advisory Panel of the Investigators IINPE-5477-TAE/019J p 16 N94-11524 DISC-A. Volume 1. NGDC key to geophysical records Working Group of the Earth Observing System: A joint CONVENTIONS documentation No. 27 report Current policies of the major countries coping with the IPB93-1460901 p 37 N93-24645 INASA-TM-109847J p 19 N94-34018 global warming problem and-the energy demand and Exploring global change: The benefits and DECISION MAKING supply disadvantages of microsatellite, lightsatellite, and A qualitative architecture for understanding policy IDE94-757291J p 40 N94-32920 megasatellite architectures responses to global change COST ANALYSIS IDE92-0095131 p 41 N92-70838 lDE90-003936} p 23 N90.16364 A qualitative architecture for understanding policy DATA COMPRESSION Earth science information: Planning for the integration responses to global change A comparative study of SAn data compression and use of global change information [DE90-003936] p 23 N90-16364 schemes p 49 N94-28259 fNASA-CR.191208) p 51 N93-12680 Climate change: Problems of limits and policy DATA INTEGRATION Science priorities for the human dimensions of global responses p 28 N92-10232 Global ecosystems database. Version 1.0 (on CD-ROM). change p 40 N94-36987 Climate and forests p 28 N92-10234 EPA global climate research program. NOAA/NGDC global DECOMPOSITION COST EFFECTIVENESS change database program. Documentation manual, Equilibrium-analysis of projected climate change effects More sense for less cents: Cost effective servicing of DISC-A. Volume 1. NGDC key to geophysical records on the global soil organic matter pool remote sensing satellites p 50 N94-11572 documentation No. 27 (PB92-153022J p 31 N92-26509 COST ESTIMATES IPB93-146090J p 37 N93.24645 DEEP WATER The uses and limits of economic models as a climate DATA MANAGEMENT Thermohaline circulations and global climate change change policy tool Scan-line methods in spatial data systems IDE93-004601] p 36 N93-19505 fDE92-015792] p 34 N93-12474 DEFORESTATION COSTS lAD-A2.31165| p 50 N91-21973 Jackson State University's Center for Spatial Data Carbon emissions and sequestration in forests: Case Advanced technology needs for a global change science Research and Applications: New facilities and new studies from seven developing countries• Volume 2: program: Perspective of the Langley Research Center paradigms p 2 N91-28079 Greenhouse gas emissions from deforestration in the INASA-TM-4196} p 12 N91-14634 Brazilian Amazon CROP GROWTH Data policy and availability supporting global change research, development, and decision-making: An [DE93-0015261 p 34 N93-16092 Climate and society in 20th century Mexico information perspective DENDROCHRONOLOGY p 45 N91-27600 Reconstruction of spatial patterns of climatic anomalies CROP INVENTORIES INASAoTM-105137] p 13 N91-30592 Geographic information system and its applications during the medieval warm period (AD 900-1300) Multi-temporal satellite image analysis for crop p 14 N92.30915 [DE94-006637| p 47 N94-72025 inventories in the Po River Valley (Italy) US Global Change Data and Information Management DEPTH MEASUREMENT p 15 N93-25434 Program Plan: A report by the Committee on Earth and Preliminary study of LANDSAT imageries of Taiwan and CULTURE (SOCIAL SCIENCES) Environmental Sciences its surroundings p 8 N84-35050 Traditional anthropology and geographical information [PB93-101293J p 36 N93-21695 DETECTION systems in the collaborative study of Cassava in Africa What's past is prologue: Supporting global change The detection and interpretation of long.term changes p 52 N94-71237 research with historical data in ozone from space [DE93-005777] p 38 N93-30009 INASA-TM-101135] p21 N88-27650 D Global change research related to the Earth's energy DEVELOPING NATIONS and hydrologic cycle An assessment of information demands for remote DAMS [NASA-CR-195270] p40 N94-27430 sensing and Geographic Information System Integrating satellite imagery into a geographic Program on Earth Observation Data Management technologies Systems (EODMS) information system for monitoring the downstream impacts [PB89-t59313J p 12 N89-27233 of dam construction on floodplain agriculture in Sokoto {NASA-CR-175990] p 19 N85-73372 Carbon emissions and sequestration in forests: Case State, Nigeria p 15 N93.14823 Program on Earth Observation Data Management studies from seven developing countries Volume 2: DATA ACQUISITION Systems (EODMS) Greenhouse gas emissions from deforestration in the [NASA-CR-175993] p 19 N85.73373 Brazilian Amazon Applications of ISES for the atmosphenc sciences p 42 N90-27155 Program on Earth Observation Data Management [DE93-001526] p 34 N93-16092 Systems (EODMS). Preliminary needs analysis report, part DIGITAL DATA Size, duration, and rate of growth of nocturnal lightning 2 events appearing on space shuttle video tapes Experimental philosophy leading to a small scale digital INASA-CR-4313J p 44 N90-28310 [NASA-CR-175973] p 20 N85-73661 data base of the conterminous United States for designing Program on Earth Observation Data Management experiments with remotely sensed data Remote Earth Sciences data collection using ACTS Systems, preliminary needs analysis report [NASA-TM.85009J p 50 N85-28877 INASA-CR-195227] p 18 N94-26236 |NASA-CR-175981] p 20 N85-73662 Development of a prototype spatial information DATA BASES Program on Earth Observation Data Management processing system for hydrologic research Experimental philosophy leading to a small scale digital Systems (EODMS). Preliminary needs analysis report, part [NASA-CR-191224] p 14 N92-32590 data base of the conterminous United States for designing 3 Updating topographic maps using orbital images in a experiments with remotely sensed data fNASA-CR-175991] p 20 N85.73664 microcomputer environment INASA-TM-85009J p 50 N85-28877 DATA PROCESSING IINPE-5409-PRE/1756J p 15 N93-19739 Design and development of the terrain information Second Eastern Regional Remote Sensing Applications DIGITAL SYSTEMS extraction system Conference Design and development of the terrain information lAD-A231166] p 13 N91-21623 |E83-10189] p 7 N83-19141 extraction system Jackson State University's Center for Spatial Data Research and technology, fiscal year 1983 lAD-A231166| p 13 N91-21623 Research and Applications: New facilities and new [NASA-TM-85557] p 50 N84-20434 Scan-line methods in spatial data systems paradigms p 2 N91-28079 Data sets and products p 47 N86-16856 [AD-A231165] p 50 N91-21973 Earth observations and global change decision making: A fuelwood plantation site selection procedure using DIGITAL TECHNIQUES A special bibliography, 1991 geographic information system technology: A case study Updating topographic maps using orbital images in a INASA-SP-7092J p 13 N91-30588 in support of the NASA Global Habitability Program microcomputer environment [NASA-CR-179704 ] p 11 N86-32828 Data policy and availability supporting global change IINPE-5409-PRE/1756] p 15 N93-19739 Applications of ISES for the atmospheric sciences research, development, and decision-making: An DIRECTIONAL STABILITY information perspective p 42 N90-27155 Determining characteristics of optical radiation reflectors {NASA-TM-105137] p 13 Ngl-30592 Geographic information system and its applications based on results of remote sensing p 8 N85-25358 Global ecosystems database. Version 0.1 (beta-test). p 14 N92.30915 Development of a prototype spatial information DIRECTORIES EPA Global Climate Research Program. NOAA/NGDC processing system for hydrologic research Global change data sets: Excerpts from the Master Global Change Database Program. Prototype 1: Database [NASA-CR-191224} p 14 N92-32590 Directory, version 2.0 documentation. NGDC key to geophysical records [NASA-TM-107994] p 33 N92-34028 documentation No. 25. User's manual Data format standards for civilian remote sensing satellites DISEASES [PB92-122803] p 30 N92-21439 |PB93-192920| p 17 N94-21446 Potential effects of global climate change on the United Earth science information: Planning for the integration Processing and analysis evaluation of SAn-580 dataand States. Appendix G: Health and use of global change information MOS-1 airborne verification data |PB90-173881J p 25 N91-10401 I,NASA-CR-191217] p 51 N93-12660 I NASDA.CP.03-8] p20 N90-70417 Health effects of global warming: Problems in Global change data base training exercise manual. DATA RETRIEVAL assessment Exploring Earth's environment: Africa as an example Geographic information system and its applications fDE93-040323] p 39 N94-19930 I PB92-224682 J p 36 N93-21211 p 14 N92-30915 DISPLACEMENT Global Change Data Base Pilot (Diskette) Project for DATA STRUCTURES Potential responses of landscape boundaries to global Africa. Dase base documentation version 1.1 Geographic information system and its applications environmental change IPS93-117927] p43 N93-21686 p 14 N92-30915 [DE90-008568J p 26 N91-16451 A-6 SUBJECT INDEX EARTH OBSERVATIONS (FROM SPACE)

DMSP SATELLITES Civil land remote sensing system International cooperation in remote sensing: The ESA Assessment of satellite earth observation programs IGPO'87-070] p 7 N82-22630 experience p 52 N88.24038 t NASA-CR-f93279] p 20 N93-72477 Appendix C. LANDSAT: A worldwide perspective The detection and interpretation of long.term changes DOCUMENTS p 7 N83-10471 in ozone from space Earth observations and global change decision making: Geographic research in the US Geological Survey: INASA-TM-101138] p 21 N88-27650 A special bibliography, 1991 Bibliography, 1966. 1980 Civil space technology initiative p I N89-t 1761 INASA-SP-70921 p 13 N91o30588 I USGS-CIRC-865 ] p42 N83-11639 Sensors research and technology p 1 N89-11774 DROUGHT Conference on Using Next Generation Earth Study for an advanced civil earth remote sensing system. Climate and society in 20th century Mexico Observation Satellites: Summary handbook Volume 1: Executive summary p 45 N91-27600 p 7 N83-12508 IPS89-163257] p 12 N89-27231 Health effects of global warming: Problems in Status and outlook for NASA's Land Remote Sensing Study for an advanced civil earth remote sensing system. i!ii: : assessment Program p 7 N83-17988 Volume 2: Market and financial assessment [DE93-040323] p 39 N94-19930 Naval Remote Ocean Sensing System (NROSS) study [PB89-163265] p 12 N89-27232 DUNES INASA-CR°173109J p 7 N83-35466 Satellite image processing using symbolic structures of Spaceborne SAn and sea ice p 4 N84-16412 reduced vision conditions Discrimination among semi-arid landscape endmembers Technology needs of advanced Earth observation using the Spectral Angle Mapper (SAM) algorithm IINPE-4638-TDL/337] p 49 N89-27367 spacecraft p 17 N94-16711 Applications of ISES for the atmospheric sciences INASA-CR-3698J p 2 N84.17248 DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS p 42 N90-27155 Neiepo describes Intercosmos-Black Sea experiment Size, duration, and rate of growth of nocturnal lightning Determining characteristics of optical radiation reflectors i _" p 47 N84-18257 events appearing on space shuttle video tapes based on results of remote sensing p 8 N85-25358 Research and technology, fiscal year 1983 I NASA-CR.43131 p 44 N90-28310 fNASA-TM-85557J p 50 N84-20434 A remote sensing applications update: Results of E Earth Observing System. Science and mission interviews with Earth Observations Commercialization requirements, volume 1, part 1 Program (EOCAP) participants p 28 N91-22623 fNASA-TM-86129.VOL-1-PT-1] p 5 N84-30450 The highlights of 1989 EARTH (PLANET) Implementation strategy p 6 N84-30453 INASA-TM.104985 ] p6 N91.24669 Global Change: A Biogeochemical Perspective Azerbaijan Institute develops subsatellite measurement Earth view: A business guide to orbital remote sensing INASA-CR-173210] p 21 N84.16656 systems p 8 N84-31238 {NASA-CR-188238] p 13 N91-24671 Toward an International Geosphere-Biosphere Program: Analysis of lidar, radar and satellite measurements on Satellite orbit considerations for a global change A Study of Global Change severe thunderstorms and their environments technology architecture trade study [PB84-161769] p 42 N84-24038 p 43 N84-34864 [NASA-TM-104081 | p 44 N91-25557 Global Change and Our Common Future. Papers from Preliminary study of LANDSAT imageries of Taiwan and Science requirements for a global change technology a Forum its surroundings p 8 N84.35060 architecture trade study ILC-89-62950| p 26 N91-17453 Upper Atmosphere Research Satellite (UARS) trade [NASA-TM-104082] p 45 N9f-25558 Global change and carrying capacity: Implications for analysis Soviet participation in FIFE-1989 remote sensing study life on Earth p 26 N9t-17454 |NASA-CR-175269J p 2 N86-15774 p 13 N91-30173 Our changing planet: The FY 1992 US global change Brazilian Remote Sensing Shuttle Experiment Need for expanded environmental measurement research program. A supplement to the US President's (BRESEX): Characteristics and future utilization on capabilities in geosynchronous Earth orbit fiscal year 1992 budget p 28 N91-24690 satellites [NASA-CR-183487] p 29 N92-14490 Earth observations and global change decision making: [INPE-3313-PRE/620] p 5 N85-19385 Science requirements for a global change technology A special bibliography, 1991 The spot operational remote sensing satellite system: initiative architecture trade study p 29 N92.15465 ]NASA-SP-7092] p 13 N91-30588 Current status and perspectives p 8 N85-20776 Satellite orbit considerations for a global change Satellite orbit considerations for a global change The ESA remote sensing satellite system (ERS-1) technology architecture trade study p 1 N92.15466 technology architecture trade study p 1 N92.15466 p 8 N86-20777 Selection of representative instruments for a global EARTH ALBEDO NASA's land remote sensing plans for the 1980's change technology architecture trade study Global change and the dark of the moon p 8 N85.23224 p 5 N92.15467 IAD-A255181J p 52 N93-12380 Determining characteristics of optical radiation reflectors Information data systems for a global change technology EARTH ATMOSPHERE based on results of remote sensing p 8 N85-25358 initiative architecture trade study p 51 N92-15473 The global climate system: Climate system monitoring, Tenth Conference of Working Group of Socialist Product development plans for operational satellite June 1986 to November 1988 Countries on Remote Sensing of Earth under Intamosmos products for the NOAA Climate and Global Change ICSM-R-84/86] p 44 N91-17504 Program p 9 N85-26820 Program: Special report no. 5 p 3 N92-t6009 The detection of climate change due to the enhanced Contribution to space program revmwed GIS: Geographic Information Systems. State of the art greenhouse effect p 1 N86-26834 and future tendencies tNASA-TM-107965] p 31 N92-31258 Experimental philosophy leading to a small scale digital [INPE-5358-NTC/301] p 51 N92-32227 Global climate change: Some implications, opportunities, data base of the conterminous United States for designing Payload advisory panel recommendations and challenges for US forestry experiments with remotely sensed data [NASA-TM-108012] p 1 N93-11628 lDE92-040874 J p 35 N93-17209 [NASA-TM-85009] p 50 N85-28877 NASA/MSFC FY92 Earth Science and Applications Earth sciences from space p 6 N81-76526 Process thresholds: Report of Working Group Number Program Research Review EARTH ENVIRONMENT 3 p 9 N85-32384 INASA-CP-3184] p 45 N93-20067 Earth system science: A program for global change Cosmonauts participate in multilevel remote sensing Geographic information system for fusion and analysis INASA-TM-101186] p6 N89-22969 experiment p 9 N85-33130 of high-resolution remote sensing and ground truth data Need for expanded environmental measurement Methods for complex space experiment in USSR for p 51 N93-25798 capabilities in geosynchronous Earth orbit studying land from manned spececra(t Land,sat as a commercial enterprise [NASA-CR-183487] p 29 N92-14490 p 9 N86-14181 [INPE-5477-TAE/019) p 16 N94-11524 Our changing planet: The FY 1993 US global change Role of landscape research in development of space More sense for less cents: Cost effective servicing of research program. A supplement to the US President's methods for studying Earth p 9 N86-14184 remote sensing satellites p 50 N94-11572 LANDSAT Commercialization fiscal year 1993 budget Estimations of temperature and humidity of the canopy [NASA.CR-190675] p 32 N92-31259 [GPO-49.336] p 10 N86-16696 in Amazon Forest using microwave data from SMMR Global climate change: Some implications, opportunities, Data sets and products p 47 N86-16856 sensor of Nimbus-7 satellite and challenges for US forestry Determination of the utility of remote sensing data for IINPE-5444-TDI/490] p 46 N94-13614 I DE92-040674 ] p 36 N93-17209 land use/cover analysis in the lower Appalachia region: Minutes of the Sixth CEOS Plenary Meeting Global Change Research Program: A component of the Assessing the utility of remote sensing data for [NASA-TM-108252] p 4 N94-14112 US Global Change Research Program. 1993 research archeological site recognition Views from space opportunities [E86-10021] p 10 N86-17815 [NASA-TM-109634] p 16 N94-15245 [NSF-92-77] p 35 N93-18319 Use of a priori evaluation of conditions for observing X-SAn: The X-band synthetic aperture radar on board The US global change research program: Early Earth's surface from space for effective choice of time the Space Shuttle p 4 N94-t5891 achievements and future directions p 36 N93=18864 for executing survey p 10 N86-20260 JPL activities on development of acousto-optic tunable Global change data base training exercise manual. Research contributions in astronomy, satellite remote filter imaging spectrometer p 5 N94-16696 Exploring Earth's environment: Africa as an example sensing p 10 N86-20947 Data format standards for civilian remote sensing 1PB92-224682] p 36 N93-21211 Remote sensing of the Earth from Space: A program satellites The Human Dimensions of Global Change: An in crisis |PB93-192920] p 17 N94-21446 Intamational Programme on Human Interactions with the [NASA.CR-176796] p 10 N86.25873 NASDA's view of ground control in mission operations Earth p 42 N93.71957 Earth observing system. Data and information system, p 4 N94°23835 EARTH GRAVITATION Volume 2A: Report of the EOS Data Panel Mission planning for an Earth observation low Earth The effect of global change and long period tides on [NASA-TM-87777] p 6 N86-31094 orbiter: ERS-1 p 50 N94-23868 the Earth's rotation and gravitational potential Remote Sensing Information Sciences Research Group, The potential for the Department of Defense to use p 14 N92-26781 Santa Barbara Information Sciences Research Group, year space-based remote sensing to support DOD and other 3 EARTH OBSERVATIONS (FROM SPACE) government agencies' onvironmental programs Civil land remote sensing systems [NASA-CR.179769] p 11 N86-32663 [AD-A273895] p 18 N94.25656 [GPO-35-265] p 6 N82-15497 From pattern to process: The strategy of the Earth Remote Earth Sciences data collection using ACTS Charactadzing user requirements for future land Observing System: Volume 2: EOS Science Steering [NASA-CR-195227J p 18 N94-26236 observing satellites Committee report Global change research related to the Earth's energy [NASA-TM.83867] p 6 N82-17562 [NASA-TM-89702] p 11 N88-15283 and hydrologic cycle Program on stimulating operational private sector use Space-based remote sensing of the Earth: A report to [NASA-CR-195270] p 40 N94-27430 of Earth observation satellite information the Congress A comparative study of SAn data compression [E82-10131] p 7 N82.21660 [NASA-TM-89709] p 11 N88-18046 schemes p 49 N94-28259

A-7 EARTH OBSERVING SYSTEM (EOS) SUBJECT INDEX

A collection of The Movies The Payload Advisory Panel and the Data and US Global Change Data and Information Management INASA-TM.109806J p 19 N94.33598 Information System Advisory Panel of the Investigators Program Plan: A report by the Committee on Earth and The Payload Advisory Panel and the Data and Working Group of the Earth Observing System: A joint Environmental Sciences Information System Advisory Panel of the Investigators report IPB93.101293J p 36 N93-21695 :ii/ii_i Working Group of the Earth Observing System: A joint INASA-TM-109947J p 19 N94-34018 Earth sciences from space p 6 N81.76526 report Insight to global change: EOS/SAR mission The Human Dimensions of Global Change: An INASA-TM-109847] p 19 N94-34018 _ :i ¸ i I NASA-CR-196133 J p 40 N94-35503 International Programme on Human Interactions with the Earth sciences from space p 6 N81-76526 The Earth observing system Earth p 42 N93.71957 Space imagery processing: Methods and applications I NASA-TM-102942 ] p 20 N91-70662 EARTH SURFACE at the I.G.N.-France p 19 N83-70161 Use of a priori evaluation of conditions for observing i: Assessment of satellite earth observation programs Utilisation of Spacelab for remote sensing of Earth Earth's surface from space for effective choice of time (NASA-CR-193279 ] p 20 N93-72477 resources p 19 N84-74448 for executing survey p 10 N86-20260 Highlights of the National Conference of State EARTH ORBITS Science requirements for a global change technology Global change technology architecture trade study Legislatures: Legislative Workshop on State Uses of architecture trade study Satellite Remote Sensing no. 3 INASA-TM-104128J p 29 N92-15464 INASA-TM-104082J p 45 N91-25558 INASA-CR-173790) p 19 N84-74962 Sunsynchronous low Earth orbit spacecraft concepts Soviet participation in FIFE.1989 remote sensing study Space Shuffle radar (SIR-A) views near-East and technology requirements for global change p 13 N91-30173 volcanoes monitoring p 2 N92-15469 Science requirements for a global change technology I NASA'CR-1759441 p43 N85-73230 Hoop column soil moisture spacecraft in low Earth orbit initiative architecture trade study p 29 N92.15465 Program on Earth Observation Data Management for global change monitoring p 3 N92-15470 Lightning, atmospheric electricity, and climate change Systems (EODMS) EARTH RADIATION BUDGET (DE94-002003J p 46 N94-23471 INASA-CR-175990] p 19 N85.73372 Biophysical characterization and surface radiation Sudden climate change: The land surface record Program on Earth Observation Data Management balance (NASA-CR-191691J p 41 N93-71155 Systems (EODMS) INASA-CR-1946:59] p 39 N94.17762 EARTHNET [ NASA.CR.17:5993 ] p 19 N85-73373 Climate forcings and feedbacks p 46 N94-21641 International cooperation in remote sensing: The ESA Program on Earth Observation Data Management The Earth observing system experience p 52 N88-24038 Systems (EODMS). Preliminary needs analysis report, part ECOLOGY 2 I NASA-TM-102942J p 20 N91-70662 Reports to the nation on our changing planet. The climate Hierarchy theory and global change INASA-CR-17:5973J p 20 N85-73661 I DE86-005154 ] p44 N86-31190 Program on Earth Observation Data Management system. Winter 1991, no, 1 p 41 N91-71392 Global change in the geosphere-biosphere: Priorities for Systems, preliminary needs analysis report EARTH RADIATION BUDGET EXPERIMENT an IGBP (International Geosphere-Biosphere Program) INASA-CR-t75981J p 20 N8:5-73662 Global change and the dark of the moon [DE87-005034] p 21 N87-22313 Program on Earth Observation Data Management [AD-A255181] p 52 N93-12380 Potential effects of global climate change on the United Systems (EODMS). Preliminary needs analysis report, part EARTH RESOURCES 3 States. Appendix E: Aquatic resources Geographic research in the US Geological Survey: IPB90-1722971 p 25 N91-10399 INASA-CR-175991 ] p 20 N85-73664 Bibliography, 1966 - 1980 Minutes of the Sixth CEOS Plenary Meeting IUSGS-CIRC-865] p 42 N83-11639 Acquisition of satellite remote sensing data in the I NASA-TM-108252] p4 N94-14112 Meteorological Service p 47 N85-74434 Earth Observing System. Science and mission Driving terrestrial ecosystem models from space A detailed procedukre for the use of small scale requirements, volume 1, part 1 p 39 N94-15896 photography in land use classification [NASA*TM-86129-VOL.1.PT-1] p 5 N84.30450 New technology and regional studies in human ecology: INASA-CR-176668J p 20 N86-71872 Azerbailen Institute develops subsatellite measurement A Papua New Guinea example p 42 N94-71231 Processing and analysis evaluation of SAR-580 data and systems p 8 N84-31238 ECONOMIC ANALYSIS MOS-t airborne verification data Cosmonauts participate in multilevel remote sensing Study for an advanced civil earth remote sensing system. [ NASDAoCP-03-8] p 20 N90-70417 experiment p 9 N8:5-33130 Volume 1: Executive summary Linking remote-sensing technology and global needs: Role of landscape research in development of space [PB89-163257] p 12 N89-27231 A strategic vision methods for studying Earth p 9 N86.14184 Study for an advanced civil earth remote sensing system. I NASA-TM-101849] p 20 N90-70833 LANDSAT Commercialization Volume 2: Market and financial assessment Assessment of satellite earth observation programs IGPO-49-336} p 10 N86-16696 {PB89-163265] p 12 N89-27232 Earth observing system. Data and information system. INASA-CR-193279] p 20 N93-72477 Climate and forests p 28 N92-10234 Volume 2A: Report of the EOS Data Panel Linking remote-sensing technology and global needs: The uses and limits of economic models as a climate {NASA-TM.87777] p 6 N86-31094 A strategic vision change policy tool Global change and carrying capacity: Implications for INASA-TM-109214J p 20 N94-70142 life on Earth p 26 N91-17454 [DE92-015792] p 34 N93-12474 EARTH OBSERVING SYSTEM (EOS) A remote sensing applications update: Results of Earth science information: Planning for the integration Earth Observing System, Science and mission interviews with Earth Observations Commercialization and use of global change information requirements, volume 1, part 1 Program (EOCAP) participants p 28 N91.22623 [NASA-CR-191217| p 51 N93-12660 [NASA-TM-86129-VOL.1.PT-1 ] p :5 N84-30450 What's past is prologue: Supporting global change Economics and global change: The FY 1993 research Earth observing system. Data and information system. research with historical data program on the economics of global change. A supplement Volume 2A: Report of the EOS Data Panel [DE93-005777] p 38 N93-30009 to the US President's FY 1993 budget and a companion [NASA-TM-87777] p 6 N86-31094 Minutes of the Sixth CEOS Plenary Meeting document to out changing planet From pattern to process: The strategy of the Earth [NASA-TM-108252] p 4 N94-14112 {PB93-101244] p 37 N93-21696 Observing System: Volume 2: EOS Science Steering Mapping Tomorrow's Resources: A symposium on the ECONOMIC FACTORS Committee report uses of remote sensing, Geographic Information Systems Economics and global change: The FY 1993 research INASA-TM-89702] p 11 N88-15283 (GIS), and Global Positioning Systems (GPS) for natural program on the economics of global change. A supplement Remote sensing information sciences research group resources management p 17 N94-24357 to the US President's PY 1993 budget and a companion INASA-CR-t83374J p 11 N69-14481 Linking remota-sansing technology and global needs: document to Out changing planet Remote sensing information sciences research group: A strategic vision (PB93-101244] p 37 N93-21696 Browse in the EOS era INASA-TM.109214] p 20 N94-70142 Landsat as a commercial enterprise EARTH RESOURCES INFORMATION SYSTEM INASA-CR-184637] p 11 N89-22979 [INPE-5477-TAE/019J p 16 N94-11524 Civil land remote sensing systems The US global change research program: An ECONOMIC IMPACT assessment of the FY 1991 plans [GPO-35-265] p 6 N82-15497 The uses and limits of economic models as a climate EARTH SCIENCES ILC'90-62105] p 26 N91-17457 change policy tool Our changing planet: The FY 1991 US global change A remote sensing applications update: Results of IDE92-0157921 p 34 N93-12474 research program. A report by the committee on Earth interviews with Earth Observations Commercialization ECONOMICS Sciences to accompany the FY 1991 budget Program (EOCAP) participants p 28 N91-22623 Global Change and Our Common Future. Papers from [ PB90-202623 ] p 24 N90-28907 a Forum Potential commercial uses of EOS remote sensing Geostationary orbit Earth science platform concepts for products p 13 N91-24055 [LC-89-62950] p 26 N91-17453 global change monitoring p 3 N92-15471 The highlights of 1989 Economics and global change: The FY 1993 research The role of lidars in global change research program on the economics of global change. A supplement [NASA-TM-104985] p 6 N91-24669 p 31 N92-29235 Options in the global change fleet architecture provided Global change data sets: Excerpts from the Master to the US President's FY 1993 budget and a companion by the presence of an EOS-A and -B p 3 N92-15472 Directory, version 2.0 document to Out changing planet [PB93.101244] p 37 N93-21696 Global change technology initiative architecture trade INASA-TM-107994] p 33 N92-34028 ECOSYSTEMS study plan p 29 N92-15474 Payload advisory panel recommendations Payload advisory panel recommendations INASA-TM-108012] p 1 N93-11528 Effects of global climate change on agroecosystems: Scope of work [NASA-TM-108012} p 1 N93-11528 Earth science information: Planning for the integration and use of global change information (PB90-120023] p 23 N90-18813 Earth science information: Planning for the integration and use of global change information [NASA-CR-191217| p :51 N93-12660 Potential responses of landscape boundaries to global environmental change I NASA-CR-191208| p 51 N93-12680 Earth science information: Planning for the integration and use of global change information [DE90-008568] p 26 N91-16451 • Minutes of the Sixth CEOS Plenary Meeting [NASA-CR-191208] p 51 N93-12680 Modeling the response of plants and ecosystems to [NASA-TM-108252] p 4 N94-14112 The US global change research program: Early global change EOS SAR: A new approach p 4 N94-15904 achievements and future directions p 36 N93-18864 [DE91-017403| p 28 N91-32587 Global change research and NASA's Earth Observing NASA/MSFC FY92 Earth Science and Applications GLOBEC: Global Ocean Ecosystems Dynamics: A System Program Research Review component of the US Global Change Research Program IPB94-126992) p 18 N94-31068 INASA-CP-3184J p 45 N93-20067 INASA-TM-1051211 p 47 N92-11603 A-8 SUBJECT INDEX ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY

Global ecosystems database, Version 0.1 (beta-test). Potential effects of global climate change on the United Our Changing Planet: The FY 1993 US Global Change EPA Global Climate Research Program, NOAA/NGDC States• Appendix D: Forests Research Program. A report by the Committee on Earth Global Change Database Program. Prototype 1: Database |PB90.173238J p 24 N9t-10398 and Environmental Sciences, a supplement to the US _i i _ documentation. NGDC key to geophysical records Potential effects of global climate change on the United President's fiscal year 1993 budget documentation No, 25. User's manual States. Appendix E: Aquatic resources IPB92-156892] p 32 N92-31620 I PB92-122803 ] p 30 N92-21439 [PB90-172297 p 25 N91-10399 Payload advisory panel recommendations Equilibrium-analysis of projected climate change effects Potential effects of global climate change on the United INASA-TM-t080121 p 1 N93-11528 on the global soil organic matter pool States, Appendix F: Air quality Global Change Research Program: A component of the IPB92-153022] p 31 N92.26509 IPB90-172230 p 25 N91-10400 US Global Change Research Program. 1993 research Global ecosystems database. Version 1.0 (on CD-ROM). Potential effects of global climate change on the United opportunities EPA global climate research program. NOAA/NGDC global States• Appendix H: Infrastructure INSF-92-77J p 35 N93.18319 change database program. User's guide. Volume 1. NGDC [PB90-172313 p 25 N91-10402 Global ecosystems database• Version 1.0 (on CD-ROM). key to geophysical records documentation No. 26 Potential effects of global climate change on the United EPA global climate research program. NOAA/NGDC global IPB93-146082J p 37 N93-24334 States. Appendix I: Variability change database program. Documentation manual, Global ecosystems database. Version 1.0 (on CD:ROM). IPB90-173899 p 25 N91.10403 DISC-A. Volume 1. NGDC key to geophysical records EPA global climate research program. NOAA/NGDC global Potential effects of global climate change on the United documentation No. 27 change database program• Documentation manual, States. Appendix J: Policy IPB93-146090J p 37 N93-24645 DISC-A. Volume 1. NGDC key to geophysical records [PB90-173188 p 25 N91-10404 Multisensor remote sensing data and GIS techniques documentation No. 27 Potential responses of landscape boundaries to global for monitoring preservation areas: A case study fPB93-146090J p 37 N93-24645 environmental change [INPE-5317-PRE/1714] p 16 N94-14131 IDE90-008568 p 26 N91-16451 Southern global change program. Determining the Current policies of the major countries coping with the Research in geosciences policy relationships between air pollutants, climate change, and global warming problem and-the energy demand and southem forests [NASA-CR-188038] p 27 N91-22619 supply Global change and biodiversity loss: Some impediments [ PB93-176246] p 38 N93.27410 |DE94-757291] p 40 N94-32920 to response p 27 N91-22622 Driving terrestrial ecosystem models from space Science priorities for the human dimensions of global Epilogue p 29 N92-10240 p 39 N94-15896 change p 40 N94-36987 The 1991 Woodlands Conference: The Regions and America's climate change strategy: An action agenda Discrimination among semi-arid landscape endmembers Global Warming: Impacts and Response Strategies p 41 N91-71330 using the Spectral Angle Mapper (SAM) algorithm JDE92-003221J p 30 N92-24671 ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING p 17 N94-16711 Global change data sets: Excerpts from the Master Research on enhancing the utilization of digital Toward an understanding of global change Directory. version 2.0 multispectrel data and geographic information systems in INASA-CR.190167} p 41 N92.70346 INASA-TM-107994] p 33 N92-34028 EDUCATION global habitability studies Carbon emissions and sequestration in forests: Case INASA-CR-177294] p 10 N86-26669 Global change data base training exercise manual• studies from seven developing countries. Volume 2: Trends '91: A compendium of data on global change. Exploring Earth's environment: Africa as an example Greenhouse gas emissions from deforestration in the Highlights (PB92-224682] p 36 N93-2121 t Brazilian Amazon ]DE93-003112] p 38 N93-25144 ENERGY CONSERVATION IDE93-001526] p 34 N93-16092 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING US energy use: New technologies and policies in Southern global change program, Determining the Global climate change and NEPA (National response to global warming relationships between air pollutants, climate change, and Environmental Policy Act) analyses |DE90-002170) p 22 N90-14724 southern forests [DE90-003704 ] p 22 N90-15540 Climate change and stratospheric ozone depletion: Need [PB93-176246] p 38 N93-27410 Research programs: Meteorological prediction, Oceanic for more than the current minimalist response Incorporating global warming risks in power sector processes, Climate and global change monitoring. Satellite p 41 N88-70502 planning. Volume 1: A case study of the New England instrumentation and calibration p 44 N90-25447 ENERGY POLICY region Need for expanded environmental measurement A qualitative architecture for understanding policy IDE93-015241] p 39 N94.17289 capabilities in geosynchronous Earth orbit responses to global change [NASA-CR-183487] p 29 N92-14490 Health effects of global warming: Problems in (DE90-O03936] p 23 N90-t6364 assessment Report of the International Ozone Trends Panel 1988, volume 2 Responding to the threat of global warming: Options [DE93-040323] p 39 N94.19930 for the Pacific and Asia |NASA-TM-105119] p 29 N92.15457 Global change research: Summaries of research in FY Geostationary orbit Earth science platform concepts for [DE90.014756] p 24 N90.28918 1993 global change monitoring p 3 N92.15471 Climate change: Problems of limits and policy [DE94-003150] p 40 N94-28473 responses p 28 N92-10232 Information data systems for a global change technology Science priorities for the human dimensions of global initiative architecture trade study p 51 N92-15473 Greenhouse effect: DOE's programs and activities change p 40 N94.36987 Product development plans for operational satellite relevant to the global warming phenomenon Toward an understanding of global change [GAO/RCED-90-74BR] p 30 N92-20647 products for the NOAA Climate and Global Change (NASA-CR-190167} p 41 N92-70346 Program: Special report no. 5 p 3 N92-16009 The 1991 Woodlands Conference: The Regions and ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT Iterative functionalism and climate management Global Warming: Impacts and Response Strategies Global climate change and NEPA (National regimes: From intergovernmental panel on climate change IDE92-003221 ] p30 N92-24671 Environmental Policy Act) analyses to intergovernmental negotiating committee Limiting net greenhouse gas emissions in the United [DE90.003704] p 22 N90-15540 States [DE92-014798] p 32 N92-31896 Commercial applications multisbectrel sensor system IDE92.0072671 p 30 N92.25313 Assessing and managing the risks of climate change p 16 N93-25615 The uses and limits of economic models as a climate p 28 N92-10233 What's past'is prologue: Supporting global change change policy tool Human dimensions of global change: Toward a research research with historical data IDE92-015792] p 34 N93.12474 agenda p 29 N92-10238 [DE93-005777] p 38 N93-30009 Global change research: Summaries of research in FY Payload advisory panel recommendations 1992 {NASA-TM-108012| p 1 N93-t1528 Minutes of the Sixth CEOS Plenary Meeting [NASA-TM.108252 ] p4 N94-14112 [DE93-002859| p 35 N93-18405 Global change research: Science and policy Views from space Current policies of the major countries coping with the |DE93-015675] p 39 N94-16445 {NASA.TM-109634] p 16 N94-15245 global warming problem and-the energy demand end The potential for the Department of Defense to use supply A summary of microwave remote sensing investigations spece.based remote sensing to support DOD and other planned for BOREAS p 17 N94-15914 fDE94-757291| p 40 N94.32920 government agencies' environmental programs Global change research: Science and policy America's climate chenge strategy: An action agenda lAD-A273895| p 18 N94-25656 |DE93-015675J p 39 N94-16445 p 41 N91-71330 Science priorities for the human dimensions of global Soil conservation applications with C-band SAn ENVIRONMENT EFFECTS change p 40 N94-36987 p 48 N94-16760 Global change in the geosphere-biosphere: Initial ENVIRONMENT MODELS Climate forcings and feedbacks p 46 N94-21641 priorities for an IGBP The uses and limits of economic models as a climate Accuracy requirements --- for monitoring of climate I NASA-CR-176519] p 42 N86-20992 change policy tool changes p 46 N94-21642 A qualitative architecture for understanding policy [DE92-015792] p 34 N93-12474 Lightning, atmospheric electricity, and climate change responses to global change Driving terrestrial ecosystem models from space [DE94-002003] p 46 N94-23471 IDE90-003936| p 23 N90-16364 p 39 N94-15896 Global change research and NASA's Earth Observing Effects of global climate change on agreecosystems: ENVIRONMENT POLLUTION System Scope of work |PB94-126992| p 18 N94.31068 [PB90-120023J p 23 N90-18813 .. Solving global environmental problems through Ocean variability and its influence on the detectability Potential effects of global climate change on the United technological innovation of greenhouse warming signals States, Appendix C: Agriculture, volume 1 [DE90-010018] p 25 N91-16446 [DE94.008670 ] p 48 N94-32881 |PB90-171588] p 24 N91-10394 Global change: What you can do Climate change and stratospheric ozone depletion: Need Potential effects of global climate change on the United [S-HRG.101-1160| p 26 N91-19528 for more than the current minimalist response States. Appendix A: Water resources ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION p 41 N88-70502 IPB90-171968] p 24 N91-10395 Global Change and Our Common Future. Papers from ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY • Potential effects of global climate change on the United a Forum Global change: What you can do States. Appendix B: Sea level rise |LC-89-62950] p 26 N91-17463 [S-HRG-101-1160] p 26 N91o19528 |PB90-172628] p 24 N91-10396 Research in geosciences policy Our changing planet: The FY 1993 US global change Potential effects of global climate change on the United I NASA-CR-188038] p 27 N91.22619 research program, A supplement to the US President's States. Appendix C: Agriculture, volume 2 Climate change: Problems of limits and policy fiscal year 1993 budget JPB90-t71596] p 24 N91-10397 responses p 28 N92-10232 [NASA-CR-190675] p 32 N92-31259

A-9 ENVIRONMENTAL SURVEYS SUBJECTINDEX

Trend survey on the elucidation of the global warming FEEDBACK GEOBOTANY mechanism by the governments of major industrialized nations Accuracy requirements -.. for monitoring of climate NASA's land remote sensing plans for the 1980's changes p 46 N94.21642 IDE93-776427] p 38 N93-29672 p 8 N85-23224 FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT ENVIRONMENTAL SURVEYS GEOCENTRIC COORDINATES Our changing planet: The FY 1991 research plan of Plots of ground coverage achieveable by global change Global climate change and NEPA (National the US global change research program , / Environmental Policy Act) analyses monitoring instruments and spacecraft {PB91-145813 J p28 N91-24687 IDE90-0037041 p 22 N90.15540 p 14 N92-15476 i¸ . r FISHERIES GEOCHEMISTRY National US public policy on global warming derived from Remote sensing and geographic informations systems: Global Change: A Biogeochemical Perspective Optimization of energy use and environmental impact studies Implications for Global Marine Fisheries [NASA-CR-173210] p 21 N84-16656 rPB93°149409J p 15 N93-24309 GEOCHRONOLOGY IDE94-004606J p 40 N94-32790 FISHING Reconstruction of spatial patterns of climatic anomalies Report of the Francophone African Workshop on the Human Dimensions of Global Change Remote sensing and geographic informations systems: during the medieval warm period (AD 900.1300) I HDGCP-FA-00t ] p 41 N93.71749 Implications for Global Marine Fisheries IDE94-006637J p 47 N94°72025 GEODETIC SURVEYS Traditional anthropology and geographical information IPB93-1494091 p 15 N93-24309 systems in the collaborative study of Cassava in Africa FLOOD PLAINS Remote sensing and the Mississippi high accuracy reference network p 19 N94-32466 p 52 N94-71237 Integrating satellite imagery into a geographic GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS ENVIRONMENTS information system for monitoring the downstream impacts LANDSAT Commercialization of dam construction on floodplain agriculture in Sokoto Second Eastern Regional Remote Sensing Applications Conference tGPO-49-336) p 10 N86-16696 State, Nigeria p 15 N93-14823 IE83-10189J p 7 N83-19141 Global change in the geosphere-biosphere: Priorities for FORECASTING APPS.4 (Analytical Photegrammetric Processing an IGBP (International Geesphere*Biosphere Program) Climate projections with regional resolution System-4) remote sensing applications guide [DE87-005034] p 21 N87-22313 I DE90-000858 ] p 22 N90-14715 lAD-A134977] p 8 N84-17676 EQUIPMENT SPECIFICATIONS FOREST FIRE DETECTION Physical and performance characteristics of instruments Remote sensing training for Corps of Engineering Multisensor remote sensing data and GIS techniques personnel: The university training module concept selected for global change monitoring p 5 N92-15475 for monitoring preservation areas: A case study ERRORS I NASA-CR.175204 ] p 46 N64-20154 JINPE-5317.PRE/1714J p 16 N94-14131 Research on enhancing the utilization of digital A comparative study of SAR data compression FOREST MANAGEMENT schemes p 49 N94-28259 multispectral data and geographic information systems in A fuelwood plantation site selection procedure using ERS-1 (ESA SATELLITE) global habitability studies geographic information system technology: A case study [NASA.CR.177294 ] p 10 N86-26669 The ESA remote sensing satellite system (ERS-1) in support of the NASA Global Habitability Program Research, investigations and technical developments: p 8 N85-20777 INASA-CR-179704] p 11 N86-32828 Mission planning for an Earth observation low Earth National mapping program, 1983-1984 Climate and forests p 28 N92-10234 orbiter: ERS-1 p 50 N94-23868 [PB86-166097J p 11 N86-26675 EUROPEAN SPACE AGENCY Global climate change: Some implications, opportunities, A fuelwood plantation site selection procedure using International cooperation in remote sensing: The ESA and challenges for US forestry geographic information system technology: A case study experience p 52 N88-24038 fDE92-040874] p 35 N93-17209 in support of the NASA Global Habitability Program EUROPEAN SPACE PROGRAMS FORESTS {NASA-CR-179704 ) p 11 N86-32828 International cooperation in remote sensing: The ESA A fuelwood plantation site selection procedure using Remote sensing information sciences research group exporience p 52 N88-24038 geographic information system technology: A case study [NASA-CR-1833741 p 11 N89-14481 EVALUATION in support of the NASA Global Habitability Program Remote sensing information sciences research group: Browse in the EOS era Program on Earth Observation Data Management | NASA*CR-179704 ] p 11 N86-32828 Systems (EODMS) Potential effects of global climate change on the United [NASA-CR-184637] p 11 N89-22979 INASA-CR-175993 J p 19 N85-73373 States. Appendix D: Forests An assessment of information demands for remote EXHAUST EMISSION IPB90-173238] p 24 N91-10398 sensing and Geographic Information System technologies Options for controlling the global warming impact from Climate and forests p 28 N92-10234 motor vehicles [PB89-159313] p 12 N89.27233 General circulation model output for forest climate IPB90-161688] p 23 N90-28142 Analysis and modelling of spatial data proposal of a change research and applications system for CBERS Limiting net greenhouse gas emissions in the United 1PB93-124626] p 37 N93-24015 States (INPE-4911-PRE/1512| p 12 N90-21445 Southern global change program. Determining the { DE92-007267] p 30 N92-25313 Practical applications of remote sensing technology EXHAUST GASES relationships between air pollutants, climate change, and [NASA-CR-186810] p 12 N90-26377 southern forests NASA applications project in Miami County. Indiana A qualitative architecture for understanding policy [PB93-176246] p 36 N93-27410 responses to global change [NASA-CR-1879161 p 12 N91-17438 A summary of microwave remote sensing investigations IDE90-003936J p 23 N90.16364 Proposed methodology for the study of urban Limiting net greenhouse gas emissions in the United planned for BOREAS p 17 N94-15914 environment and space structure in metropolitan area States FORMAT {INPE-5203-PRE/1665] p 2 N91-21216 [ DE92-007267 } p 30 N92-25313 Data format standards for civilian remote sensing Design and development of the terrain information EXPERT SYSTEMS satellites extraction system [PB93-192920] p 17 N94-21446 Remote sensing information sciences research group (AD-A231166J p 13 N91-21623 [NASA-CR.183374] p 11 N89.14481 FOSSIL FUELS Scan-liee methods in spatial data systems Global climate change: A fossil energy perspective lAD-A231165| p 50 N91-21973 The integration of remote sensing, geographic [DE90-003770] p 23 N90-15541 The integration of remote sensing, geographic information system, and expert system technologies for landcover classification p 49 N91-23733 TRENDS '90: A compendium of data on global information system, and export system technologies for EXTINCTION change landcover classification p 49 N91-23733 [DE91-000587] p 25 N91.15632 Potential commercial uses of EOS remote sensing Global change and biodiversity loss: Some impediments Solving global environmental problems through products p 13 N91-24055 to response p 27 N91-22622 technological innovation Jackson State University's Center for Spatial Data [DE90-010018| p 25 N91-16446 Research and Applications: New facilities and new F The dilemma of fossil fuel use and global climate paradigms p 2 N91-28079 change Global ecosystems database. Version 0.1 (beta.test). |DE91.007859] p 27 N91-19533 EPA Global Climate Research Program. NOAA/NGDC FARM CROPS National US public policy on global warming derived from Global Change Database Program. Prototype 1 : Database Multi-temporal satellite image analysis for crop Optimization of energy use and environmental impact documentation. NGDC key to geophysical records studies documentation No. 25. User's manual inventories in the Po River Valley (Italy)p 15 N93-25434 IDE94-004606] p 40 N94-32790 [PB92-122803] p 30 N92-21439 FARMLANDS FRACTALS Center for Mapping, Ohio State University NASA applications project in Miami County, Indiana Detecting the scale and resolution effects in remote p 14 N92-23655 [NASA-CR-187916] p 12 N91-17438 sensing and GIS p 16 N93-25707 Geographic information system and its applications FEASIBILITY ANALYSIS FUEL CONSUMPTION p 14 N92-30915 NASA applications project in Miami County, Indiana National US public policy on global warming derived from GIS: Geographic Information Systems. State of the art [NASA-CR-187916J p 12 N91-17438 optimization of energy use and environmental impact and future tendencies FEDERAL BUDGETS studies IINPE-5358-NTC/301] p 51 N92.32227 Our changing planet: The FY 1991 research plan of [ DE94-004606] p 40 N94-32790 Development of a prototype spatial information the US global change research program FUELS processing system for hydrologic research |PB91-145813] p 28 N91-24687 A fuelwood plantation site selection procedure using INASA-CR-191224] p 14 N92-32590 Our changing planet: The FY 1993 US global change geographic information system technology: A case study Proceedings of the First Seminar on Geographic Information Systems in Zambia research program. A supplement to the US President's in support of the NASA Global Habitability Program fiscal year 1993 budget I NASA-CR-179704 | p 11 N86-32828 I PB92-207125 | p51 N93-11789 [NASA-CR-190675J p 32 N92.31259 Integrating satellite imagery into a geographic information system for monitoring the downstream impacts Economics and global change: The FY 1993 research G of dam construction on floodplain agriculture in Sokoto program on the economics of global change, A supplement State, Nigeria p 15 N93-14823 to the US President's FY 1993 budget and a companion GAS EXCHANGE document to out changing planet Updating topographic maps using orbital images in a Driving terrestrial ecosystem models from space microcomputer environment IPB93-101244] p 37 N93-21696 p 39 N94-15896 IINPE-5409-PRE/1756] p 15 N93-19739

A-IO SUBJECT INDEX GLOBAL WARMING

Global change data base training exercise manual. GEOSAT SATELLITES Solving global environmental problems through Exploring Earth's environment: Africa as an example Assessment of satellite earth observation programs technological innovation IPB92-224682] p 36 N93-21211 [DE90.010018] p 25 N91.16446 i/• I NASA°CR-193279} p 20 N93-72477 Remote sensing and geographic informations systems: GLACIERS Potential responses of landscape boundaries to global Implications for Global Marine Fisheries The effect of global change and long period tides on environmental change IPB93-149409] p 15 N93.24309 the Earth's rotation and gravitational potential (DE90.008568| p 26 N91-16451

Global ecosystems database. Version 1.0 (on CD-ROM). p 14 N92-26781 Global Change and Our Common Future. Papers from EPA global climate research program. NOAA/NGDC global GLACIOLOGY a Forum change database program. User's guide. Volume 1. NGDC Sea level variation p 47 N93-24929 I LC-69-62950 ] p 26 N9t-17453 key to geophysical records documentation No. 26 GLOBAL AIR POLLUTION Global change and carrying capacity: Implications for IPB93-146082J p 37 N93-24334 Global climate change: Some implications, opportunities, life on Earth p 26 N91-17454 i i_ and challenges for US forestry Multi-temporal satellite image analysis for crop IDE92-040874] p 35 N93-17209 The US global change research program: An inventories in the Po River Valley (Italy) assessment of the FY 1991 plans Chemistry of the atmosphere: Its impact on global p 15 N93-25434 I LC-90-621051 p26 N91-17457 change, CHEMRAWN 7: Perspectives and Commercial applications multispectral sensor system recommendations The global climate system: Climate system monitoring, p 16 N93-25615 I PB93-180644} p 48 N93-29670 June 1986 to November 1988 Detecting the scale and resolution effects in remote GLOBAL ATMOSPHERIC RESEARCH PROGRAM [CSM-R-64/86J p 44 N91-17504 sensing and GIS p 16 N93.25707 Report of the Francophone African Workshop on the Global change: What you can do Geographic information system for fusion and analysis Human Dimensions of Global Change IS-HRG.101-1160] p26 N91.t9528 of high-resolution remote sensing and ground truth data [HDGCP-FA-001] p 41 N93-71749 The dilemma of fossil fuel use and global climate p 61 N93.25798 GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM change Geographic information system for fusion and analysis Mapping Tomorrow's Resources: A symposium on the |DE91-007859] p 27 N91-19533

of high-resolution remote sensing and ground truth data uses of remote sensing, Geographic Information Systems Thermohaline circulations and global climate change p 52 N93-29234 (GIS), and Global Positioning Systems (GPS) for natural [DE91-007458] p 27 N91-19537 Multisensor remote sensing data and GIS techniques resources management p 17 N94-24357 Statistical examination of climatological data relevant for monitonng preservation areas: A case study Remote sensing and the Mississippi high accuracy to global temperature variation IINPE-5317-PRE/1714] p 16 N94-14131 reference network p 19 N94-32466 I DE91-007881 ] p 27 N91.19540 Soil conservation applications with C-band SAR Assessment of satellite earth observation programs Global warming: Transportation and energy INASA-CR-193279] p 20 N93-72477 p 48 N94-16760 considerations, 1990 GLOBAL WARMING Mapping Tomorrow's Resources: A symposium on the [PB91-118919] p 27 N91.20567 Sensitivity of a regional oxidant model to variations in uses of remote sensing, Geographic Information Systems Our changing planet: The FY 1992 US global change (GIS), and Global Positioning Systems (GPS) for natural climate parameters, volume 1 and 2 {PB69-224943] p 22 N90-12981 research program. A supplement to the US President's resources management p 17 N94-24357 fiscal year 1992 budget p 28 N91.24690 Climate projections with regional resolution Remote sensing for urban planning [DE90-000858] p 22 N90-14715 Climate and society in 20th century Mexico p 18 N94-32465 Carbon dioxide and climate: Summaries of research in p 45 N91-27600 Remote sensing and the Mississippi high accuracy FY 1989 Climate change: Problems of limits and policy reference network p 19 N94-32466 IDE90-001791] p 22 N90-14723 responses p 28 N92.10232 Applications of Space.Age Technology in US energy use: New technologies and policies in Assessing and managing the risks of climate change Anthropology response to global warming p 28 N92-10233 [NASA-TM-109395] p 49 N94-71223 IDE90-002170| p 22 N90-14724 Climate and forests p 28 N92-10234 Settlement patterns, GIS, remote sensing, and the late Global climate change and NEPA (National Human dimensions of global change: Toward a research prehistory of the Black Prairie in east central Mississippi Environmental Policy Act) analyses agenda p 29 N92-10238 p 21 N94-71229 [DE90-003704] p 22 N90.15540 Epilogue p 29 N92-10240 New technology and regional studies in human ecology: Global climate change: A fossil energy perspective Report of the Intamational Ozone Trends Panel 1988, A Papua New Guinea example p 42 N94-71231 [DE90-003770] p 23 N90-15541 volume 2 Traditional anthropology and geographical information Scientific linkages in global change (NASA-TM-105119] p 29 N92-15457 systems in the collaborative study of Cassava in Africa [PB90.112608] p 23 N90-16356 Sensitivity of climate models: Comparison of simulated p 52 N94-71237 Effects of global climate change on agroecosystems: and observed patterns for past climates GEOGRAPHY Scope of work |DE92-002620] p 30 N92-16503 Geographic research in the US Geological Survey: [PB90-120023 p 23 N90-18813 Greenhouse effect: DOE's programs and activities Bibliography, 1966 - 1980 Options for controlling the global warming impact from relevant to the global warming phenomenon [USGS-CIRC-865] p 42 N83-11639 motor vehicles [ GAO/RCED-90-74BR ] p 30 N92-20647 Jackson State University's Center for Spatial Data [PB90.161688 p 23 N90-28142 The 1991 Woodlands Conference: The Regions and Research and Applications: New facilities and new Policy options for stabilizing global climate, Volume 1: Global Warming: Impacts and Response Strategies paradigms p 2 N91-28079 Chapters 1-6 [DE92-003221] p 30 N92-24671 What's past is prologue: Supporting global change [PB90°182304] p 23 N90-28146 Limiting net greenhouse gas emissions in the United research with historical data States [DE93-005777) p 38 N93.30009 Responding to the threat of global warming: Options for the Pacific and Asia [DE92-007267] p 30 N92-25313 GEOLOGICAL SURVEYS [DE90-014756 p 24 N90°28918 Global warming, Emission reductions possible as NASA's land remote sensing plans for the 1980's scientific uncertainties are resolved Potential effects of global climate change on the United p 8 N85-23224 {GAO/RCED.90.58] p 31 N92-25415 GEOMORPHOLOGY States, Appendix C: Agriculture, volume 1 Equilibrium-analysis of projected climate change effects [PB90-171588 p 24 N91-10394 Process thresholds: Report of Working Group Number on the global soil organic matter pool 3 p 9 N85-32384 Potential effects of global climate change on the United [PB92-153022] p 31 N92-26509 GEOPHYSICS States. Appendix A: Water resources The effect of global change and long period tides on [PB90-171968 p 24 N91*10395 Tenth Conference of Working Group of Socialist the Earth's rotation and gravitational potential Countries on Remote Sensing of Earth under Intercosmos Potential effects of global climate change on the United p 14 N92-26781 Program p 9 N85-26820 States. Appendix B: Sea level rise Sensitivity of global warming potentials to the assumed Research in geosclences policy [PB90-172628 p 24 N91-10396 background atmosphere INASA-CR-188038] p 27 N91-22619 Potential effects of global climate change on the United [DE92-0110721 p 31 N92-27417 Global ecosystems database. Version 0.1 (beta*test). States. Appendix C: Agdculture, volume 2 Our changing planet: The FY 1993 US global change EPA Global Climate Research Program. NOAA/NGDC [PB90-171596 p 24 N91-10397 research program. A supplement to the US President's Global Change Database Program. Prototype 1 : Database Potential effects of global climate change on the United fiscal year 1993 budget documentation. NGDC key to geophysical records States. Appendix D: Forests [NASA-CR-190675] p 32 N92-31259 documentation No. 25. User's manual [PB90-173238| p 24 N91-10398 Iterative functionalism and climate management f PB92-122803] p 30 N92-21439 Potential effects of global climate change on the United regimes: From intergovernmental panel on climate change NASA/MSFC FY92 Earth Science and Applications States. Appendix E: Aquatic resources to intergovernmental negotiating committee Program Research Review [PS90-172297] p 25 N91-10399 [DE92-014798] p 32 N92-31896 I NASA-CP-3184 ] p 45 N93-20067 Potential effects of global climate change on the United The uncertainties of global temperatures in the global Global ecosystems database. Version 1.0 (on CD-ROM), States. Appendix F: Air quality warming context EPA global climate research program, NOAA/NGDC global [PB90-172230] p 25 N91-10400 [TABES PAPER 92-4471 p 32 N92-32014 change database program. User's guide. Volume 1. NGDC Radiative forcing of climate p 33 N93-11094 Potential effects of global climate change on the United key to geophysical records documentation No. 26 Global Climate Change (GCC) issues and their impacts States. Appendix G: Health [PB93-146082] p 37 N93.24334 on the US Army Corps of Engineers [PB90-173881] p 25 N91-10401 Global ecosystems database. Version 1.0 (on CD.ROM). lAD-A247279| p 34 N93-11466 Potential effects of global climate change on the United EPA global climate research program, NOAA/NGDC global Reports to the Nation on our changing planet. Winter States. Appendix H: infrastructure change database program. Documentation manual. 1991 No, 1: The climate system DISC-A. Volume 1. NGDC key to geophysical records [PB90-172313] p 25 N91-I0402 [NASA-CR.190954] p 45 N93-11880 documentation No, 27 Potential effects of global climate change on the United The uses and limits of economic models as a climate [PB93-146090) p 37 N93-24645 States. Appendix h Variability change policy tool EOS SAR: A new approach p 4 N94-15904 [PB90-173899] p 25 N91.10403 [DE92-015792| p 34 N93-12474 Global change research related to the Earth's energy Potential effects of global climate change on the United Earth science information: Planning for the integration and hydrologic cycle States. Appendix J: Policy and use of global change information [ NASA-CR-195270] p 40 N94-27430 lPB90-173188] p 25 N91-10404 [NASA-CR-191217) p 51 N93-12660

A-11 GOALS SUBJECT INDEX

Carbon emissions and sequestration in forests: Case GOES SATELLITES Potential effects of global climate change on the United studies from seven developing countries. Volume 2: Research programs: Meteorological prediction. Oceanic States. Appendix I: Variability Greenhouse gas emissions from deforestration in the processes. Climate and global change monitoring. Satellite IPB90-173899J p 25 N91-10403 Brazilian Amazon instrumentation and calibration p 44 N90-25447 Potential effects of global climate change on the United JDE93-O015261 p 34 N93-16092 GOVERNMENT/INDUSTRY RELATIONS States. Appendix J: Policy Sensitivity of direct global warming potentials to key Civil land remote sensing system I PB90-173188] p25 N91-10404 uncertainties IGPO-67-070J p 7 N82-22630 TRENDS '90: A compendium of data on global IDE92-0410451 p 35 N93-16298 LANDSAT Commercialization change Global climate change: Some implications, opportunities. IGPO-49-336] p 10 N86-16696 IDE91-000587] p 25 N91-15632 and challenges for US forestry Solving global environmental problems through Landsat as a commercial enterprise IDE92-0408741 p 35 N93-17209 technological innovation [INPE-5477-TAE/019J p 16 N94-11524 Global change research: Summaries of research in FY IDE90-010018] p 25 N91-16446 1992 GOVERNMENTS The dilemma of fossil fuel use and global climate Trend survey on the elucidation of the global warming IDE93-002859] p 35 N93-18405 change mechanism by the governments of major industrialized Thermohaline circulations and global climate change IDE91-007859J p 27 N91-19533 nations IDE93-004601 ] p 36 N93-19505 Thermohaline circulations and global climate change IDE93-776427] p 36 N93-29672 Global temperature variations p 45 N93.20068 IDE91-007458] p 27 N91-19537 i! • , Highlights of the National Conference of State Global Change Data Base Pilot (Diskette) Project for Global warming: Transportation and energy Africa. Dase base documentation version 1.1 Legislatures: Legislative Workshop on State Uses of considerations, 1990 [PB93-117927] p 43 N93-21686 Satellite Remote Sensing no. 3 IPB91-118919 ] p27 N91-20567 INASA-CR-173790] p 19 N84-74962 Global warming impacts of CFC alternative technologies: Global change and biodivereity loss: Some impediments Combining fluorocarbon and CO2 effects GRAPH THEORY to response p 27 N91-22622 [DE93-602347} p 37 N93-22972 Development of a prototype spatial information Our changing planet: The FY 1991 research plan of General circulation model output for forest climate processing system for hydrologic research the US global change research program change research and applications (NASA-CR-191224] p 14 N92-32590 [PB91-145813J p 28 N91-24687 IPBg3-124626J p 37 N93.24015 GRAPHS (CHARTS) Climate change: Problems of limits and policy Sea level variation p 47 N93.24929 Plots of ground coverage achieveable by global change responses p 28 N92-10232 Analysis of LARI sensor system monitoring instruments and spacecraft Human dimensions of global change: Toward a research [DE93-006334] p 37 N93-24977 p 14 N92-15476 agenda p 29 N92.10238 Trend survey on the elucidation of the global warming Trends 1991: A compendium of data on global change Epilogue p 29 N92-10240 mechanism by the governments of major industrialized {DE92-011733] p 32 N92-31907 Greenhouse effect: DOE's programs and activities nations GRASSLANDS relevant to the global warming phenomenon IDE93-776427] p 38 N93-29672 Settlement patterns, GIS, remote sensing, and the late |GAO/RCED°90-74BR] p 30 N92-20647 The role of clouds and oceans in globat greenhouse prehistory of the Black Prairie in east central Mississippi Limiting net greenhouse gas emissions in the United warming States p 21 N94-71229 {DE93-016206] p 38 N94-13079 GRAVITATION [ DE92-607267] p 30 N92-25313 Global warming. Emission reductions possible as EOS SAn: A new approach p 4 N94-15904 The effect of global change and long period tides on scientific uncertainties are resolved A summary of microwave remote sensing investigations the Earth's rotation and gravitational potential planned for BOREAS p 17 N94-15914 p 14 N92-26781 {GAO/RCED-90-581 p 31 N92-25415 Discrimination among semi-arid landscape endmembers GRAVITATIONAL FIELDS Sensitivity of global warming potentials to the assumed background atmosphere using the Spectral Angle Mapper (SAM) algorithm The effect of global change and long period tides on [ DE92-011972 ] p31 N92-27417 p 17 N94-16711 the Earth's rotation and gravitational potential The detection of climate change due to the enhanced Incorporating global warming risks in power sector p 14 N92-26781 greenhouse effect planning. Volume 1: A case study of the New England GREENHOUSE EFFECT INASA-TM.107965] p 31 N92-31258 region Sensitivity of a regional oxidant model to variations in Trends 1991: A compendium of data on global change lDE93-015241] p 39 N94.17289 climate parameters, volume 1 and 2 [DE92-011733] p 32 N92-31907 Biophysical characterization and surface radiation [PB89-224943] p 22 N90-12981 Global Climate Change (GCC) issues and their impacts balance Climate projections with regional resolution on the US Army Corps of Engineers [ NASA-CR-194659] p 39 N94-17762 |DE90-000858] p 22 N90-14715 lAD-A247279] p 34 N93-11466 Health effects of global warming: Problems in Carbon dioxide and climate: Summaries of research in Carbon emissions and sequestration in forests: Case assessment FY 1989 studies from seven developing countries. Volume 2: [DE93.040323] p 39 N94-19930 [ DE90-001791 ] p 22 N90-14723 Greenhouse gas emissions from deforestration in the Climate forcings and feedbacks p 46 N94-21641 US energy use: New technologies and policies in Brazilian Amazon Accuracy requirements -- for monitoring of climate response to global warming [DE93-001526] p 34 N93-16092 changes p 46 N94-21642 [DE90-002170] p 22 N90-14724 Sensitivity of direct global warming potentials to key uncertainties Lightning, atmospheric electricity, and climate change Global climate change: A fossil energy perspective [DE94-002003l p 46 N94-23471 |DE90-003770] p 23 N90-15541 [DE92-041045] p 35 N93-16298 Scientific linkages in global change Global climate change: Some implications, opportunities, National US public policy on global warming derived from [PB90-112608] p 23 N90-16356 and challenges for US forestry optimization of energy use and environmental impact studies Effects of global climate change on agreecosystems: [DE92-040874] p 35 N93-17209 Scope of work [ DE94.004606} p 40 N94.32790 Global change research: Summaries of research in FY [PB90-120023 p 23 N90-18813 1992 Quantified estimates of total GWPs for greenhouse Policy options for stabilizing global climate. Volume t: [DE93-602859] p 35 N93-t8405 gases taking into account tropospheric chemistry Chapters 1-6 Global warming impacts of CFC alternative technologies: I DE94-007846] p 40 N94-32817 |PB90-182304 p 23 N90-28146 Combining fluorocarbon and CO2 effects Ocean variability and its influence on the detectability Responding to the threat of global warming: Options {DE93-002347] p 37 N93-22972 of greenhouse warming signals for the Pacific and Asia Sea level variation p 47 N93-24929 {DE94-008670] p 48 N94-32881 [DE90-014756 p 24 N90-28918 Analysis of LARI sensor system Current policies of the major countries coping with the Potential effects of global climate change on the United lDE93"006334] p 37 N93-24977 global warming problem and-the energy demand and States. Appendix C: Agriculture, volume 1 Trends "91: A compendium of data on global change. supply [PB90.171588 p 24 N91-10394 Highlights IDE94-75729t ] p 40 N94-32920 Potential effects of global climate change on the United [DE93-003112] p 38 N93-25144 States. Appendix A: Water resources America's climate change strategy: An action agenda The role of clouds and oceans in global greenhouse p 41 N9%71330 |PB90-171968 p 24 N91-10395 warming Reports to the nation on our changing planet. The climate Potential effects of global climate change on the United [DE93-016206| p 38 N94-13079 system. Winter 1991, no. 1 p 41 N91-71392 States. Appendix B: Sea level rise Incorporating global warming risks in power sector [PB90-172628 p 24 N91-10396 Exploring global change: The benefits and planning. Volume 1: A case study of the New England disadvantages of microsatallite, lightsatellite, and Potential effects of global climate change on the United region States. Appendix C: Agriculture, volume 2 megasatellite architectures IDE93-015241] p 39 N94-17289 [DE92-009513] p 41 N92-70838 [PB90-171596 p 24 N91-10397 Health effects of global warming: Problems in Atmospheric radiation measurement: A program for Potential effects of global climate change on the United assessment States. Appendix D: Forests improving radiative forcing and feedback in general [DE93-040323} p 39 N94-19930 circulation models |PB90-173238 p 24 N91-10398 Potential effects of global climate change on the United Accuracy requirements --- for monitoring of climate IDE92-014263] p 43 N93-70092 States. Appendix E: Aquatic resources changes p 46 N94-21642 Reconstruction of spatial patterns of climatic anomalies [PB90-172297 p 25 N91-10399 Global change research: Summaries of research in FY during the medieval warm period (AD 900-1300) Potential effects of global climate change on the United 1993 JrDE94.006637 ] p 47 N94-72025 States, Appendix F: Air quality [DE94o003150| p 40 N94-28473 GOALS |PB90-172230 p 25 N91-10400 Role of satellite observations of see-surface temperature Advanced technology needs for a global change science Potential effects of global climate change on the United in the detection of global change program: Perspective of the Langley Research Center States. Appendix G: Health [PB94-138120] p 18 N94-29107 INASA-TM-4196] p 12 N91-14634 [PB90.173881] p 25 N9t-10401 National US public policy on global warming derived from Linking remote-sensing technology and global needs: Potential effects of global climate change on the United optimization of energy use and environmental impact A strategic vision States. Appendix H: Infrastructure studies [NASA-TM-101849] p 20 N90-70833 IPB90-172313] p 25 N91-10402 [DE94-004606] p 40 N94-32790

A-12 SUBJECT INDEX INLAND WATERS

Quantified estimates of total GWPs for greenhouse HUMAN BEINGS INDEXES (DOCUMENTATION) gases taking into account tropospheric chemistry Global change and carrying capacity: Implications for Earth observations and global change decision making: (DE94-007846J p 40 N94-32817 life on Earth p 26 N91-17454 A special bibliography, 1991 Ocean variability and its influence on the detectability HUMAN REACTIONS INASA-SP'7092 J p 13 N91-30588 of greenhouse warming signals Human dimensions of global change: Toward a research INFORMATION DISSEMINATION [DE94-008670] p 48 N94-32881 agenda p 29 N92.10238 Study for an advanced civil earth remote sensing system. HUMIDITY The Greenhouse Effect: Projections of global climate Volume 1: Executive summary change p 41 N88-70493 Estimations of temperature and humidity of the canopy IPS89-163257} p 12 N69-2723f Climate change and stratospheric ozone depletion: Need in Amazon Forest using microwave data from SMMR Study for an advanced civil earth remote sensing system. for more than the current minimalist response sensor of Nimbus-7 satellite Volume 2: Market and financial assessment ( INPE.5444-TDI/490 } p46 Ng4-13614 p 41 N98-70502 IPB89-163265J p 12 N89.27232 : :i I i:_ HYDROLOGICAL CYCLE Reports to the nation on our changing planet. The climate Global change information support: A north-south • _i_ ., system. Winter 1991, no. 1 p 41 N91-71392 Our Changing Planet: The FY 1993 US Global Change coalition Research Program. A report by the Committee on Earth Toward an understanding of global change { NASA.TM-108983 ] p 36 N93-19940 I NASA-CR-190167_ p 41 N92-70346 and Environmental Sciences, a supplement to the US Linking remote-sensing technology and global needs: Exploring global change: The benefits and President's fiscal year 1993 budget IPB92-156892J p 32 N92-31620 A strategic vision disadvantages of microsatellite, lightsatellite, and I NASA-TM-f09214] p 20 N94-70142 mogasatellite architectures Global change research related to the Earth's energy INFORMATION MANAGEMENT I DE92-0095131 p 41 N92-70838 and hydrologic cycle Data policy and availability supporting global change • , i ! GROUND BASED CONTROL INASA-CR-195270] p 40 N94.27430 research, development, and decision-making: An NASDA's view of ground control in mission operations The Earth observing system I NASA-TM-102942J p 20 N91-70662 information perspective p 4 N94-23835 GROUND STATIONS HYDROLOGY INASA-TM-105137] p 13 N91-30592 Earth science information: Planning for the integration The spot operational remote sensing satellite system: Global change in the geesphere-biosphere: Priorities for Current status and perspectives p 8 N85-20776 an IGBP (international Geosphere-Biosphere Program) and use of global change information Applications of ISES for the atmospheric sciences [DE87-005034] p 21 N87-22313 INASA-CR-191217_ p 51 N93-12660 p 42 N90.27155 Development of a prototype spatial information Global change information support: A north.south GROUND TRUTH processing system for hydrologic research coalition Methods for complex space experiment in USSR for {NASA-CR-191224] p 14 N92-32590 INASA-TM-108983] p 36 N93-19940 studying land from manned spacecraft Reports to the Nation on our changing planet, Winter US Global Change Data and Information Management 1991 No. 1: The climate system p 9 N86-14181 Program Plan: A report by the Committee on Earth and From pattern to process: The strategy of the Earth [ NASA-CR-190954 ] p45 N93-11880 Environmental Sciences Observing System: Volume 2: EOS Science Steering [PB93-101293] p 36 N93-21695 Committee report I INFORMATION RETRIEVAL [NASA.TM-89702J p 11 N88-15283 Data policy and availability supporting global change Geographic information system for fusion and analysis IMAGE ANALYSIS research, development, and decision-making: An of high-resolution remote sensing and ground truth data The integration of remote sensing, geographic information perspective p 51 N93.25798 [NASA-TM-105137] p 13 N91-30592 information system, and expert system technologies for Geographic information system for fusion and analysis landcover classification p 49 N91-23733 INFORMATION SYSTEMS of high-resolution remote sensing and ground truth data Multi.temporal satellite image analysis for crop Remote Sensing Information Sciences Research Group, p 52 N93.29234 inventories in the Po River Valley (Italy) Santa Barbara Information Sciences Research Group, year The Greenhouse Effect: Projections of global climate p 15 N93-25434 3 change p 41 N88-70493 [NASA-CR-179769] p 11 N86-32863 GULF OF MEXICO Settlement patterns, GIS, remote sensing, and the late prehistory of the Black Prairie in east central Mississippi International geosphere-biosphere program: A study of Jackson State University's Center for Spatial Data p 21 N94-71229 global change Research and Applications: New facilities and new IMAGE PROCESSING [PB88-142393] p 21 N88-19021 paradigms p 2 N91-28079 Earth Observing System. Science and mission Earth system science: A program for global change requirements, volume 1, part 1 |NASA-TM-101186] p 6 N89-22969

H [NASA-TM-86129-VOL-1-PT-1] p 5 N84-30450 Advanced technology needs for a global change science Contribution to space program reviewed program: Perspective of the Langley Research Center HABITABILITY p 1 N85-26834 [NASA-TM-4196] p 12 N91-14634 NASA's land remote sensing plans for the 1980's Remote Sensing Information Sciences Research Group, Information technology and global change science p 8 N85-23224 Santa Barbara Information Sciences Research Group, year [DE91..0050201 p 26 N91.18492 /./' The US global change research program: Early 3 Data policy and availability supporting global change achievements and future directions p 36 N93-18864 [NASA-CR-179769] p 11 N86-32863 research, development, and decision-making: An HALLEY'S COMET Remote sensing information sciences research group information perspective Research contributions in astronomy, satellite remote ENASA-CR-183374] p 11 N89*14481 [NASA-TM-105137} p 13 N91-30592 sensing p 10 N66-20947 Satellite image processing using symbolic structures of Information data systems lor a global change technology HARDWARE UTILIZATION LISTS reduced vision conditions initiative architecture trade study p 51 N92-15473 Physical and performance characteristics of instruments IINPE-4638-TDL/337] p 49 N89-27367 Proceedings of the First Seminar on Geographic selected for global change monitoring p 5 N92-15475 Information Systems in Zambia HEALTH Scan-line methods in spatial data systems lAD-A231165] p 50 N91-21973 IPB92-207125] p 51 N93-11789 Potential effects of global climate change on the United Earth science information: Planning for the integration States. Appendix G: Health Jackson State University's Center for Spatial Data Research and Applications: New facilities and new and use of global change information [PB90-173881 J p 25 N91-10401 [NASA-CR-191217] p 51 Ng3-12660 HEALTH PHYSICS paradigms p 2 N91-28079 Global change information support: A north-south GIS: Geographic Information Systems. State of the art Potential effects of global climate change on the United coalition and future tendencies States. Appendix G: Health (NASA-TM-t08983] p 36 N93-19940 [INPE-5358-NTC/301] p 51 N92-32227 [PB90-173881] p 25 N91-10401 Trends '91: A compendium of data on global change. HEAT FLUX Multi-temporal satellite image analysis for crop Highlights Application of optical remote sensing to the study of inventories in the Po River Valley (italy) [DE93-003112] p 38 N93-25144 surface fluxes related to cloud formation p 15 N93-25434 Geographic information system for fusion and analysis {DE93-003783 J p 45 N93-25125 Geographic information system for fusion and analysis of high-resolution remote sensing and ground truth data HIERARCHIES of high-resolution remote sensing and ground truth data p 51 N93-25798 Hierarchy theory and global change p 51 N93-25798 The Payload Advisory Panel and the Data and (DE86-005154 } p 44 N86_31190 What's past is prologue: Supporting global change Information System Advisory Panel of the Investigators HIGH RESOLUTION research with historical data Working Group of the Earth Observing System: A joint Geographic information system for fusion and analysis [DE93-005777] p 38 N93.30009 report of high-resolution remote sensing and ground truth data Space imagery processing: Methods and applications [NASA-TM-109847] p 19 N94-34018 p 51 N93-25798 at the I.G.N.-France p 19 N93-70161 Linking remote-sensing technology and global needs: Geographic information system for fusion and analysis IMAGERY A strategic vision of high-resolution remote sensing and ground truth data INASA-TM-109214J p 20 N94-70142 Process thresholds: Report of Working Group Number p 52 N93-29234 INFRARED DETECTORS 3 p 9 N85-32384 JPL activities on development of acousto-optic tunable IMAGING SPECTROMETERS Small satellites and RPA's in global.change research filter imaging spectrometer p 5 N94-16696 lAD-A260762] p 38 N93-25837 JPL activities on development of acousto-optic tunable HISTORIES INFRARED IMAGERY tilter imaging spectrometer p 5 N94-16696 What's past is prologue: Supporting global change Small satellites and RPA's in global-change research research with historical data IMAGING TECHNIQUES lAD-A260762] p 35 N93-25837 [DE93.005777] p 38 N93.30009 Preliminary study of LANDSAT imageries of Taiwan and INFRARED SPECTRA HOOP COLUMN ANTENNAS its surroundings p 8 N84.35050 Commercial applications multispectral sensor system Hoop column soil moisture spacecraft in low Earth orbit Sixteenth International Laser Radar Conference, part p 16 N93-25615 for global change monitoring p 3 N92-15470 1 INLAND WATERS HUMAN BEHAVIOR lAD.A277077] p 5 N92.29228 Potential effects of global climate change on the United Human dimensions of global change: Toward a research Small satellites and RPA's in global-change research States. Appendix E: Aquatic resources agenda p 29 N92-10238 IAD'A260762J p 38 N93-25837 [PB90-172297J p 25 N91-10399

A-13 • • 1 :i _! z ¸ ,

INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION SUBJECT INDEX

INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION LANDMARKS Science priorities for the human dimensions of global International geosphere-biosphere program: A study of Determination of the utility of remote sensing data for change p 40 N94-36987 global change land use/cover analysis in the lower Appalachia region: New technology and regional studies in human ecology: IPB88-142393l p 21 N88-19021 Assessing the utility of remote sensing data for A Papua New Guinea example p 42 N94-71231 International cooperation in remote sensing: The ESA archeological site recognition MANAGEMENT experience p 52 N88-24038 IE86-10021J p 10 N86-17815 Remote sensing of the Earth from Space: A program The highlights of 1989 LANDSAT E in crisis INASA-TM.t 04985 ] p 6 N9t-24669 Options in the global change fleet architecture provided [NASA-CR-t76796J p 10 N86-25873 Report of the International Ozone Trends Panel 1988, by the presence of an EOS-A and -B p 3 N92-15472 MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS volume 2 LANDSAT F Scan.line methods in spatial data systems I NASA-TM-105119 ] p29 N92.15457 Options in the global change fleet architecture provided [AD.A2311651 p 50 N91-21973 Itarative functionalism and climate management by the presence of an EOS-A and -B p 3 N92-15472 Data policy and availability supporting global change regimes: From intergovernmental panel on climate change LANDSAT SATELLITES research, development, and decision-making: An to intergovemmental negotiating committee information perspective Status and outlook for NASA's Land Remote Sensing JDE92-014798) p 32 N92-31896 [NASA-TM-105137J p 13 N91-30592 Program p 7 N83-17988 Minutes of the Sixth CEOS Plenary Meeting MANUALS LANDSAT Commercialization INASA-TM-108252 ] p4 N94.14112 Global change data base training exercise manual. IGPO-49-336] p 10 N86-16696 Current policies of the major countries coping with the Exploring Earth's environment: Africa as an example global warming problem and-the energy demand and Earth observing system. Data and information system. l PB92.224682 ] p36 N93-21211 supply Volume 2A: Report of the EOS Data Panel MANUFACTURING IDE94-757291 I p 40 N94-32920 INASA-TM-87777] p 6 N86-31094 Global warming impacts of CFC alternative technologies: Climate change and stratospheric ozone depletion: Need A fuelwood plantation site selection procedure using Combining fluorocarbon and CO2 effects for more than the current minimalist response geographic information system technology: A case study IDE93"002347J ' p 37 N93-22972 p 41 N88-70502 in support of the NASA Global Habitability Program MAPPING Toward an understanding of global change INASA'CR-179704] p 11 N86-32828 Traditional anthropology and geographical information INASA-CR-190167] p 41 N92-70346 Spece-based remote sensing of the Earth: A report to systems in the collaborative study of Cassava in Africa The Human Dimensions of Global Change: An the Congress p 52 N94-71237 International Programme on Human Interactions with the [NASA-TM.89709] p 11 N88-18046 MARINE BIOLOGY Earth p 42 N93-71957 Study for an advanced civil earth remote sensing system. GLOBEC: Global Ocean Ecosystems Dynamics: A INTERNATIONAL GEOSPHERE-BIOSPHERE PROGRAM Volume 1: Executive summary component of the US Global Change Research Program Global change in the geosphere-biosphere: Initial [PB89-163257] p 12 N89-27231 [NASA-TM-105121] p 47 N92-11603 priorities for an IGSP MARKET RESEARCH Study for an advanced civil earth remote sensing system. [NASA-CR-176519J p 42 N86-20992 Volume 2: Market and financial assessment Program on stimulating operational private sector use Global change in the geosphere-biosphere: Priorities for [PB89-163265] p 12 N89-27232 of Earth observation satellite information an IGBP (International Geosphere-Biosphere Program) [E82-10131| p 7 N82-21660 A remote sensing applications update: Results of MARKETING [DE87-005034] p 21 N87-22313 interviews with Earth Observations Commercialization International geosphere-biosphere program: A study of Program (EOCAP) participants p 28 N91-22623 Study for an advanced civil earth remote sensing system. global change Volume 2: Market and financial assessment Earth view: A business guide to orbital remote sensing [PB88-142393] p 21 N88.19021 [NASA-CR-t88238] p 13 N9t-24671 IPB89-163265J p 12 N89-27232 MATHEMATICAL MODELS INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS Landsat as a commercial enterprise Landsat as a commercial enterprise [INPE-5477-TAE/019] p 16 N94.11524 Remote Sensing Information Sciences Research Group, Santa Barbara Information Sciences Research Group, year [INPE-5477-TAE/019] p 16 N94-11524 Assessment of satellite earth observation programs 3 ITOS SATELLITES [NASA-CR-193279] p 20 N93-72477 Research programs: Meteorological prediction. Oceanic LARGE SPACE STRUCTURES [NASA-CR-179769] p 11 N86-32863 Potential responses of landscape boundaries to global processes, Climate and global change monitoring. Satellite Global change technology architecture trade study environmental change instrumentation and calibration p 44 N90-25447 [NASA-TM-104128] p 29 N92-15464 LIFE SCIENCES |DE90-008568] p 26 N91-16451 The uses and limits of economic models as a climate Global Change: A Biogeochemical Perspective change policy tool J [NASA-CR.173210] p 21 N84-16656 [DE92-015792] p 34 N93-12474 The US global change research program: Early MEASURING INSTRUMENTS JAPANESE SPACE PROGRAM achievements and future directions p 36 N93-18864 LIGHT SCATTERING Implementation strategy p 6 N84-30453 NASDA's view of ground control in mission operations MELTING p 4 N94-23835 Analysis of LARI sensor system The effect of global change and long period tides on [DE93-006334] p 37 N93-24977 LIGHTNING the Earth's rotation and gravitational potential p 14 N92-26781 K Size, duration, and rate of growth of nocturnal lightning METEOROLOGICAL PARAMETERS events appearing on space shuttle video tapes Science requirements for a global change technology KNOWLEDGE BASES (ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE) [NASA-CR-4313] p 44 N90-28310 Lightning. atmospheric electricity, and climate change architecture trade study Remote sensing information sciences research group: [NASA-TM-1040821 p 45 N91-25558 Browse in the EOS era [DE94-002003] p 46 N94-23471 LIQUID PROPELLANT ROCKET ENGINES Science requirements for a global change technology [NASA-CR-184637J p 11 N89-22979 initiative architecture trade study p 29 N92-15465 Civil space technology initiative p 1 N89-11761 LOSSES The role of clouds and oceans in global greenhouse warming L Global change and biodiversity loss: Some impediments [DE93-016206] p 38 N94-13079 to response p 27 N91-22622 METEOROLOGICAL SATELLITES LAND MANAGEMENT LUNAR LUMINESCENCE Global change and the dark of the moon Research programs: Meteorological prediction. Oceanic Potential commercial uses of EOS remote sensing [AD-A25518t ] p 52 N93-12380 processes. Climate and global change monitonng. Satellite products p 13 N91-24055 LUNAR TIDES instrumentation and calibration p 44 N90-25447 LAND USE Acquisition of satellite remote sensing data in the The effect of global change and long podod tides on Cosmonauts participate in multilevel remote sensing the Earth's rotation and gravitational potential Meteorological Service p 47 N85-74434 experiment p 9 N85-33130 p 14 N92-26781 Assessment of satellite earth observation programs Research, investigations and technical developments: [NASA-CR.193279] p 20 N93-72477 National mapping program, 1983-1984 METEOROLOGY [PS86-166097] p It N86-26675 M Acquisition of satellite remote sensing data in the Practical applications of remote sensing technology Meteorological Service p 47 N85-74434 INASA-CR-186810] p 12 N90-26377 MAINTAINABILITY METHANE Jackson State University's Center for Spatial Data More sense for less cents: Cost effective servicing of TRENDS '90: A compendium of data on global change Research and Applications: New facilities and new remote sensing satellites p 50 N94-11572 MAN ENVIRONMENT INTERACTIONS lDE91-000587l p 25 N91.15632 paradigms p 2 N91-28079 Global change in the geesphere-biosphere: Initial MEXICO Integrating satellite imagery into a geographic priorities for an IGBP Climate and society in 20th century Mexico information system for monitoring the downstream impacts [NASA-CR-176519] p 42 N86-20992 p 45 N91-27600 of dam construction on floodplain agriculture in Sokoto International geosphere-biosphere program: A study of MICROCOMPUTERS State, Nigeria p 15 N93-14823 global change Practical applications of remote sensing technology Science priorities for the human dimensions of global [PB88-142393] p 21 N88-19021 [NASA-CR-186810] p 12 N90-26377 change p 40 N94-36987 Global change and biodiversity loss: Some impediments Updating topographic maps using orbital images in a A detailed procedukre for the use of small scale to response p 27 N91-22622 microcomputer environment photography in land use classification Equilibrium-analysis of projected climate change effects [INPE-5409-PREI1756| p 15 N93.19739 [NASA-CR-176668] p 20 N86-71872 on the global soil organic matter pool MICROGRAVITY LANDFORMS ]PB92-153022] p 31 N92-26509 Sensors research end technology p 1 N89-11774 Determination of the utility of remote sensing data for Reports to the Nation on our changing planet. Winter MICROWAVE EMISSION land use/cover analysis in the lower Appalachia region: 1991 No. 1: The climate system Estimations of temperature and humidity of the canopy Assessing the utility of remote sensing data for INASA-CR-190954J p45 N93-11880 in Amazon Forest using microwave data from SMMR archeological site recognition Global change research: Science and policy sensor of Nimbus-7 satellite [E86-10021J p 10 N86-17815 IDE93-015675] p 39 N94-16445 IINPE-5444-TDI/490] p 46 N94-13614

A-14 SUBJECT INDEX PALEOCLIMATOLOGY

MICROWAVE EQUIPMENT NEEDS (DATA SYSTEM) Global change data sets: Excerpts from the Master Earth Observing System. Science and mission Program on Earth Observation Data Management Directory, version 2.0 requirements, volume 1, part 1 Systems, preliminary needs analysis report [NASA-TM-107994] p 33 N92-34028 INASA-TM-8612g.VOL-1.PT-1 ] p 5 N84.30450 I NASA.CR.175981] p 20 N85-73662 OPTICAL MEASURING INSTRUMENTS MICROWAVE IMAGERY NIGERIA Application of optical remote sensing to the study of A summary of microwave remote sensing investigations Integrating satellite imagery into a geographic surface fluxes related to cloud formation planned for BOREAS p 17 N94-15914 information system for monitoring the downstream impacts lDE93-003783] p 45 N93-25125 MICROWAVE RADIOMETERS of dam construction on floodplain agriculture in Sokoto OPTICAL PROPERTIES Technology needs of advanced Earth observation State, Nigeria p 15 N93-14823 Sunphotometer network for monitoring aerosol NORTH SEA spacecraft properties in the Brazilian Amazon p 17 N94-20961 The effect of global change and long podod tides on I NASA-CR.3698] p 2 N84-17248 Selected translated abstracts of Russian.language the Earth's rotation and gravitational potential Microwave sensing technology issues related to a global climate-change publications. 2: Clouds p 14 N92-26781 change technology architecture trade study IDE94-011465] p47 N94.36244 NUMERICAL WEATHER FORECASTING p 14 N92-15468 OPTICAL RADAR NASA/MSFC FY92 Earth Science and Applications Hoop column soil moisture spacecraft in low Earth orbit Analysis of lider, radar and satellite measurements on Program Research Review for global change monitoring p 3 N92-15470 severe thunderstorms and their environments [ NASA-CP.3184 J p 45 N93-20067 Estimations of temperature and humidity of the canopy p 43 N84-34864 in Amazon Forest using microwave data from SMMR Sixteenth International Laser Radar Conference, part sensor of Nimbus-7 satellite 0 1 |INPE-5444-TDI/490] p 46 N94-13614 [ AD-A277077] p 5 N92-29228 MICROWAVE SENSORS OCEAN COLOR SCANNER The role of lidars in global change research p 31 N92-29235 Microwave sensing technology issues related to a global Remote sensing and geographic informations systems: OPTICAL REFLECTION change technology architecture trade study Implications for Global Marine Fisheries Determining characteristics of optical radiation reflectors p 14 N92-15468 [PS93-149409| p 15 N93-24309 Mission planning for an Earth observation low Earth OCEAN CURRENTS based on results of remote sensing p 8 N85-25358 ORBIT CALCULATION orbiter: ERS-1 p 50 N94-23868 Thermohaline circulations and global climate change MILITARY OPERATIONS [DE91.007458] p 27 N91.19537 Plots of ground coverage achieveable by global change Topex/Poseiden: A United States/France mission. monitoring instruments and spacecraft Global Climate Change (GCC) issues and their impacts p 14 N92-15476 on the US Army Corps of Engineers Oceanography from space: The oceans and climate ORBIT TRANSFER VEHICLES lAD-A2.47279 J p 34 N93.11466 |NASA-TM-108253] p 3 N94-10699 • ! Civil space technology initiative p I N89-11761 MISSION PLANNING OCEAN DATA ACQUISITIONS SYSTEMS Role of landscape research in development of space ORGANIC MATERIALS Satellite orbit considerations for a global change methods for studying Earth p 9 N86-14184 Equilibrium-analysis of projected climate change effects technology architecture trade study Research programs: Meteorological prediction. Oceanic on the global soil organic matter pool [NASA-TM-104081] p 44 N91-25557 processes. Climate and global change monitoring, Satellite [PB92-153022J p 31 N92-26509 Global change technology initiative architecture trade instrumentation and calibration p 44 N90-25447 OZONE study plan p 29 N92-15474 OCEAN DYNAMICS The detection and interpretation of long-term changes Physical and performance characteristics of instruments GLOBEC: Global Ocean Ecosystems Dynamics: A in ozone from space selected for global change monitoring p 5 N92-15475 [NASA.TM-101135J p 21 N88-27650 component of the US Global Change Research Program Payload advisory panel recommendations { NASA.TM-105121 ] p47 N92-11603 Sensitivity of a regional oxidant model to variations in [NASA-TM.108012J p 1 N93-11528 OCEAN MODELS climate parameters, volume I and 2 Mission planning for an Earth observation low Earth Ocean variability and its influence on the detectability [PB89-224943J p 22 N90-12981 orbiter: ERS-t p 50 N94-23868 of greenhouse warming signals Report of the International Ozone Trends Panel 1988, volume 2 MISSISSIPPI |DE94-008670] p 48 N94.32881 I NASA-TM-105119 ] p29 N92-15457 Remote sensing and the Mississippi high accuracy OCEAN SURFACE Global warming impacts of CFC alternative technologies: reference network p 19 N94-32466 Science requirements for a global change technology MODELS architecture trade study Combining fluorocarbon and CO2 effects [DE93-002347] p 37 N93-22972 The Greenhouse Effect: Projections of global climate [NASA-TM-104082] p 45 N91-25558 Quantified estimates of total GWPs for greenhouse change p 41 N88-70493 Science requirements for a global change technology initiative architecture trade study p 29 N92-15465 gases taking into account tropospheric chemistry MONOCHROMATORS Topex/Poseidon: A United States/France mission. [DE94-007846J p 40 N94-32817 The detection and interpretation of long-term changes Oceanography from space: The oceans and climate OZONE DEPLETION in ozone from space [NASA-TM-108253] p 3 N94-10699 Scientific linkages in global change |NASA-TM-101135] p 21 N88-27650 OCEAN TEMPERATURE [PS90-112608] p 23 N90-16356 MORTALITY Data sets and products p 47 N86-16856 Our changing planet: The FY 1991 research plan of Health effects of global warming: Problems in OCEANOGRAPHIC PARAMETERS the US global change research program assessment Tenth Conference of Working Group of Socialist [PB91-145813| p 28 N91-24687 { DE93-040323 ] p39 N94-19930 Countries on Remote Sensing of Earth under Interoosmos Report of the International Ozone Trends Panel 1988. MOTOR VEHICLES Program p 9 N85-26820 volume 2 Options for controlling the global warming impact from Ocean variability and its influence on the detectability [ NASA-TM-105119] p29 N92-15457 motor vehicles of greenhouse warming signals Sensitivity of global warming potentials to the assumed |PB90-161688J p 23 N90-28142 |DE94-008670] p 48 N94-32881 background atmosphere MULTIPOLAR FIELDS OCEANOGRAPHY [DE92-011072] p 31 N92.27417 X.SAR: The X-band synthetic aperture radar on board Our Changing Planet: The FY 1993 US Global Change Nelepo describes Intercosmos.Black Sea experiment the Space Shuttle p 4 N94-15891 Research Program. A report by the Committee on Earth p 47 N84-18257 MULTISENSOR APPLICATIONS and Environmental Sciences, a supplement to the US Global change in the geosphere.biospbere: Priorities for From pattern to process: The strategy of the Earth President's fiscal year 1993 budget an IGBP (International Geosphere-Biosphore Program) Observing System: Volume 2: EOS Science Steering [PB92-156892] p 32 N92-31620 [DE87-005034] p 21 N87-22313 Committee report Radiative forcing of climate p 33 N93-11094 GLOBEC: Global Ocean Ecosystems Dynamics: A INASA-TM-89702] p 11 N88-15283 A computer simulation of ecosystem processes in forests MULTISPECTRAL BAND SCANNERS component of the US Global Change Research Program for application to air pollution, acid precipitation, and global [NASA-TM.105121] p 47 N92-11603 The spot operational remote sensing satellite system: change Current status and perspectives p 8 N85-20776 Reports to the Nation on our changing planet. Winter lDE92-0196161 p 34 N93-12927 1991 No. 1: The climate system Global warming impacts of CFC alternative technologies: N |NASA.CR-190954] p 45 N93-11880 Combining fluorocarbon and CO2 effects Topex/Poseidon: A United States/France mission. [DE93-002347] p 37 N93-22972 Oceanography from space: The oceans and climate Climate change and stratospheric ozone depletion: Need NASA PROGRAMS [NASA-TM-108253] p 3 N94-10699 for more than the current minimalist response Research and technology, fiscal year 1983 Global change research: Summaries of research in FY p 41 N88-70502 { NASA-TM-85557] p 50 N84-20434 1993 OZONOSPHERE NASA's land remote sensing plans for the 1980's |DE94-003150] p 40 N94-28473 Exploring global change: The benefits and p 8 N85-23224 OCEANS disadvantages of microsatellite, lightsatellite, and Earth system science: A program for global change megasatellite architectures I NASA.TM-101186 ] p6 N89-22969 Naval Remote Ocean Sensing System (NROSS) study [DE92-009513] p 41 N92-70838 NASA applications project in Miami County, Indiana [NASA-CR-173109] p 7 N83-35466 INASA-CR-187916] p 12 N91-17438 The effect of global change and long period tides on Global change research and NASA's Earth Observing the Earth's rotation and gravitational potential P System p 14 N92-26781 [PB94-1269921 p 18 N94-31068 The role of clouds and oceans in global greenhouse PACIFIC OCEAN Linking remote-sensing technology and global needs: warming Responding to the threat of global warming: Options A strategic vision [DE93-016206] p 38 N94-13079 for the Pacific and Asia INASA-TM-t01849] p 20 N90-70833 ON-LINE SYSTEMS lDE90-014756] p 24 N90-28918 NATIONAL PARKS Data policy and availability supporting global change PALEOCUMATOLOGY Multisensor remote sensing data and GIS techniques research, development, and decision-making: An Reconstruction of spatial patterns of climatic anomalies for monitoring preservation areas: A case study information perspective during the medieval warm period (AD 900-1300) IINPE-5317-PRE/1714] p 16 N94.14131 {NASA-TM-105137] p 13 N91-30592 [DE94-006637] p 47 N94-72025

A-15 PAPUA NEW GUINEA SUBJECT INDEX

PAPUA NEW GUINEA Potential effects of global climate change on the United science priorities for the human dimensions of global New technology and regional studies in human ecology: States. Appendix J: Policy change p 40 N94.36987 A Papua New Guinea example p 42 N94-71231 IPB90-173188] p 25 N91-10404 PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT PAYLOADS Global Change and Our Common Future. Papers from Product development plans for operational satellite Global change technology architecture trade study a Forum products for the NOAA Climate and Global Change INASA-TM-t041281 p 29 N92-15464 I LC-89-62950 ] p26 N91-17453 Program: Special report no. 5 p 3 N92-16009 Selection of representative instruments for a global Global warming: Transportation and energy Center for Mapping, Ohio State University change technology architecture trade study considerations, 1990 p 14 N92-23655 p 5 N92-15467 IPB91-118919) p 27 N91-20567 Global warming impacts of CFC alternative technologies: Payload advisory panel recommendations Our changing planet: The FY 1992 US global change Combining fluorocarbon and CO2 effects INASA-TM-108Of2} p I N93-11528 research program. A supplement to the US President's IDE93-002347] p 37 N93.22972 PENETRATION fiscal year 1992 budget p 28 N91-24690 PRODUCTIVITY X-SAn: The X-band synthetic aperture radar on board Data policy and availability supporting global change Applications of ISES for the atmospheric sciences the Space Shuttle p 4 N94-15891 research, development, and decision-makiog: An p 42 N90-27155 PHOTOGRAMMETRY information perspective NASA applications project in Miami County, Indiana Use of a priori evaluation of conditions for observing [NASA-TM-105137] p 13 N91-30592 INASA.CR.187916J p 12 N91-17438 Earth's surface from space for effective choice of time Assessing and managing the risks of climate change PROJECT PLANNING for executing survey p 10 N86-20260 p 28 N92-10233 Implementation strategy p 6 N84.30453 Research. investigations and technical developments: Our Changing Planet: The FY 1993 US Global Change The US global change research program: An National mapping program, f 983-1984 Research Program. A report by the Committee on Earth assessment of the FY 1991 plans IPB86-166097J p 11 N86-26675 and Environmental Sciences, a supplement to the US [LC-90-62105J p 26 N91-17457 Design and development of the terrain information President's fiscal year 1993 budget Our changing planet: The FY 1991 research plan of extraction system [PB92-156892] p 32 N92-31620 the US global change research program IAD-A231166] p 13 N91-21623 National US public policy on global warming derived from [PB91-145813] p 28 N91-24687 Proceedings of the First Seminar on Geographic optimization of energy use and environmental impact Our changing planet: The FY 1992 US global change Information Systems in Zambia studies research program. A supplement to the US President's IPB92-207125] p 51 N93-11789 [DE94-004606] p 40 N94-32790 fiscal year 1992 budget p 28 N91-24690 PHOTOINTERPRETATION Current policies of the major countries coping with the Science requirements for a global change technology Appendix C. LANDSAT: A worldwide perspective global warming problem and-the energy demand and architecture trade study p 7 N83-10471 supply [NASA-TM-fO4082] p 45 N91-25558 APPS-4 (Analytical Photogrammetric Processing 1DE94-757291] p 40 N94-32920 Science requirements for a global change technology System-4) remote sensing applications guide Science priorities for the human dimensions of global initiative architecture trade study p 29 N92-15465 [AD-Af34977] p 8 N84-17676 change p 40 N94-36987 Product development plans for operational satellite Satellite image processing using symbolic structures of POLITICS products for the NOAA Climate and Global Change reduced vision conditions Global Change and Our Common Future. Papers from Program: Special report no. 5 p 3 N92-16009 IINPE-4638-TDL/337] p 49 N89-27367 a Forum Our Changing Planet: The FY 1993 US Global Change Space Shuttle radar (SIR-A) views near-East [ LC-89-62950] p 26 N91-17453 Research Program. A report by the Committee on Earth volcanoes POLLUTION CONTROL and Environmental Sciences, a supplement to the US [NASA-CR-175944] p 43 N85-73230 Options for controlling the global warming impact from President's fiscal year 1993 budget PHOTOMETRY motor vehicles IPS92-156892] p 32 N92-31620 Sunphotometer network for monitoring aerosol (PB90-161688] p 23 N90-28142 America's climate change strategy: An action agenda properties in the Brazilian Amazon p 17 N94-20961 Assessing and managing the risks of climate change p 41 N91-71330 PHYSICAL EXERCISE p 28 N92-10233 PUBLIC HEALTH Global change data base training exercise manual. America's climate change strategy: An action agenda The dilemma of fossil fuel use and global climate Exploring Earth's environment: Africa as an example p 41 N91-71330 change [PB92-224682] p 36 N93-21211 POPULATION THEORY IDE91-007859] p 27 N91-19533 PLANETARY EVOLUTION Global change and carrying capacity: Implications for The 1991 Woodlands Conference: The Regions and Earth system science: A program for global change life on Earth p 26 N91-17454 Global Warming: Impacts and Response Strategies INASA-TM-101186J p 6 N89-22969 POPULATIONS [DE92-003221 ] p 30 N92-24671 PLANETARY STRUCTURE GLOBEC: Global Ocean Ecosystems Dynamics: A Health effects of global warming: Problems in Earth system science: A program for global change component of the US Global Change Research Program assessment INASA-TM-101186I p 6 N89-22969 [ NASA-TM.105121] p47 N92.11603 [DE93-040323] p 39 N94-19930 PLANTS (BOTANY) POSEIDON SATELLITE Modeling the response of plants and ecosystems to Tepex/Poseidon: A United States/France mission. global change Oceanography from space: The oceans and climate R [DE91-0"17403| p 28 N91-32587 (NASA-TM-108253] p 3 N94.10699 RADAR DATA Health effects of global warming: Problems in Assessment of satellite earth observation programs assessment {NASA-CR-193279] p 20 N93-72477 Development of a prototype spatial information IDE93-040323] p 39 N94-19930 POSITIVE FEEDBACK processing system for hydrologic research Traditional anthropology and geographical information Equilibrium-analysis of projected climate change effects {NASA-CR-191224] p 14 N92-32590 systems in the collaborative study of Cassava in Africa on the global soil organic matter pool RADAR MEASUREMENT p 52 N94-71237 [PB92-153022] p 31 N92-26509 Sixteenth International Laser Radar Conference, part PLOTS PRECIPITATION (METEOROLOGY) 1 Plots of ground coverage echieveable by global change The global climate system: Climate system monitoring, lAD-A277077) p 5 N92-29228 monitoring instruments and spacecraft June 1986 to November 1988 The role of lidars in global change research p 14 N92-15476 ICSM-R-84/86] p 44 N91-17504 p 31 N92-29235 PLO'I-FERS Global temperature variations p 45 N93-20068 RADIATION MEASUREMENT APPS*4 (Analytical Photogrammetric Processing PREDICTIONS Small satellites and RPAs in global-change research, System-4) remote sensing applications guide Global change in the geosphere-biosphere: Initial summary and conclusions fAD-At34977) p 8 N84-17676 priorities for an IGBP lAD-A247855] p 3 N92-27388 POLAR ORBITS [NASA-CR.176519] p 42 N86-20992 Atmospheric radiation measurement: A program for Mission planning for an Earth observation low Earth GLOBEC: Global Ocean Ecosystems Dynamics: A improving radiative forcing and feedback in general orbiter: ERS-1 p 50 N94-23868 component of the US Global Change Research Program circulation models POLAR REGIONS [NASA-TM-105121] p47 N92-11603 |DE92-014263] p 43 N93-70092 Polar research from satellites Our changing planet: The FY 1993 US global change RADIATION TRANSPORT [NASA.CR-188025] p 43 N91_21640 research program. A supplement to the US President's Atmospheric radiation measurement: A program for Proceedings of International Conference on the Role fiscal year 1993 budget improving radiative forcing and feedback in general of the Polar Regions in Global Change, volume 1 [NASA-CR-190675] p 32 N92-31259 circulation models lAD-A253027] p 32 N92-33578 PRESIDENTIAL REPORTS [DE92-014263] p 43 N93-70092 Our Changing Planet: The FY 1993 US Global Change Proceedings of International Conference on the Role RADIATIVE HEAT TRANSFER of the Polar Regions in Global Change, volume 2 Research Program. A report by the Committee on Earth Selected translated abstracts of Russian-language lAD-A253028) p 33 N92-33579 and Environmental Sciences, a supplement to the US President's fiscal year 1993 budget climate-change publications. 2: Clouds International Conference on the Role of the Polar [PB92-156892] p 32 N92-31620 [DE94-011465] p 47 N94-36244 Regions in Global Change: Proceedings, volume 1 Economics and global change: The FY 1993 research RADIATIVE TRANSFER [ DE92-013652 ] p33 N93-11232 program on the economics of global change. A supplement Radiative forcing of climate p 33 N93-11094 International Conference on the Role of the Polar to the US President's F'Y 1993 budget and a companion RADIO ALTIMETERS Regions in Global Change: Proceedings, volume 2 document to out changing planet Topex/Poseidon: A United States/France mission. [DE92.013653] p 33 N93.11233 [PB93-101244] p 37 N93-21696 Oceanography from space: The oceans and climate POLICIES America's climate change strategy: An action agenda [NASA-TM-108253] p 3 N94-10699 Global climate change and NEPA (National p 41 N91-71330 RADIOMETERS Environmental Policy Act) analyses PRIORITIES Selection of representative instruments for a global I DE90-003704J p 22 N90-15540 Toward an understanding of global change: Initial change technology architecture trade study Policy options for stabilizing global climate. Volume f: priorities for US contributions to the International p 5 N92-15467 Chapters 1-6 Geosphere-Biosphere Program Analysis of LARI sensor system [ PB90-182304 J p 23 N90-28146 [ NASA-CR-185873] p 21 N90-12980 [DE93-006334] p 37 N93-24977

A-16 SUBJECT INDEX REMOTE SENSING

Commercial applications multispectral sensor system Implementation strategy p 6 N84.30453 Study for an advanced civil earth remote sensing system. p 16 N93-25615 Azerbaijan Institute develops subsatallita measurement Volume t: Executive summary r RADIOSONDES systems p 8 N84-31238 IPB89-163257l p 12 N89-27231 Global temperature variations p 45 N93-20068 Analysis of lidar, radar and satellite measurements on Study for an advanced civil earth remote sensing system. RAIN FORESTS severe thunderstorms and their environments Volume 2: Market and financial assessment Equilibrium.analysis of projected climate change effects p 43 N84-34864 {PB89-163285] p 12 N89-27232 on the global soil organic matter pool Preliminary study of LANDSAT imageries of Taiwan and An assessment of information demands for remote [ PB92-153022J p31 N92-26509 its surroundings p 8 N84-35050 sensing and Geographic Information System Carbon emissions and sequestration in forests: Case Upper Atmosphere Research Satellite (UARS) trade technologies studies from seven developing countries. Volume 2: analysis [PB89-159313] p 12 N89.27233 i ¸ .' Greenhouse gas emissions from deforestration in the INASA-CR-175269] p 2 N85-15774 Brazilian Amazon Satellite image processing using symbolic structures of Brazilian Remote Sensing Shuffle Experiment reduced vision conditions I DE93-00t 526 } p 34 N93-16092 (BRESEX): Characteristics and future utilization on IINPE°4638-TDL/337] p 49 N89-27367 Estimations of temperature and humidity of the canopy satellites Analysis and modelling of spatial data proposal of a in Amazon Forest using microwave data from SMMR I INPE-3313-PRE/620} p 5 N85-19385 system for CBERS sensor of Nimbus.7 satellite The spot operational remote sensing satellite system: I INPE-5444-TDI/490} p 46 N94.13614 Current status and perspectives p 8 N85-20776 {INPE-4911-PRE/t512J p 12 N90-21445 New technology and regional studies in human ecology: The ESA remote sensing satellite system (ERS-1) Practical applications of remote sensing technology A Papua New Guinea example p 42 N94-7123t p 8 N85-20777 NASA-CR.186810J p 12 N90-26377 REAL TIME OPERATION NASA's land remote sensing plans for the 1980's Applications of ISES for the atmospheric sciences Applications of ISES for the atmospheric sciences p 8 N85-23224 p 42 N90.27155 p 42 N90-27155 Determining characteristics of optical radiation reflectors Size, duration, and rate of growth of nectumal lightning RECOMMENDATIONS based on results of remote sensing p 8 N85-25358 events appearing on space shuttle video tapes Toward an understanding of global change: Initial Tenth Conference of Working Group of Socialist I NASA-CR-4313 J p 44 N90-28310 priorities for US contributions to the International Countries on Remote Sensing of Earth under Intercosmos Advanced technology needs for a global change science Geosphere-Bioaphere Program Program p 9 N85-26820 program: Perspective of the Langley Research Center {NASA-CR-185873] p 21 N90-12980 Contribution to space program reviewed |NASA-TM-4196J p 12 N91-14634 REFLECTANCE p 1 N85o26834 NASA applications project in Miami County, Indiana Determining characteristics of optical radiation reflectors Experimental philosophy leading to a small scale digital |NASA-CR-187916J p 12 N91-17438 based on results of remote sensing p 8 N85-25358 data base of the conterminous United States for designing Proposed methodology for the study of urban Global change and the dark of the moon experiments with remotely sensed data environment and space structure in metropolitan area lAD-A255181| p 52 N93-12380 INASA-TM-85009} p 60 N85.28877 |INPE-5203-PRE/t665] p 2 N91-21216 Analysis of LARI sensor system Process thresholds: Report of Working Group Number Design and development of the terrain information IDE93-006334} p 37 N93-24977 3 p 9 N85.32384 extraction system REGIONAL PLANNING Cosmonauts participate in multilevel remote sensing [AD-A231166J p 13 N91-21623 Potential effects of global climate change on the United experiment p 9 N85.33130 Polar research from satellites States. Appendix H: Infrastructure Methods for complex space experiment in USSR for [NASA-CR-188025} p 43 N91-21640 [PB90-172313] p 25 N9t-10402 studying land from manned spacecraft Scan-line methods in spatial data systems Potential effects of global climate change on the United p 9 N86-1418t [AD-A231165] p 50 N91-21973 States. Appendix J: Policy Role of landscape research in development of space Research in geosciences policy [PB90-173188J p 25 N9t.10404 methods for studying Earth p 9 N86-14184 INASA-CR-1880381 p 27 N91-22619 REGULATIONS LANDSAT Commercialization A remote sensing applications update: Results of Incorporating global warming risks in power sector [GPO-49.336J p 10 N86-16696 interviews with Earth Observations CommercializatiOn planning. Volume 1: A case study of the New England Data sets and products p 47 N86-16856 Program (EOCAP) participants p 28 N91-22623 region Determination of the utility of remote sensing data for The integration of remote sensing, geographic [DE93-015241] p 39 N94-17289 land use/cover analysis in the lower Appalachia region: information system, and expert system technologies for RELIEF MAPS Assessing the utility of remote sensing data for landcover classification p 49 N91-23733 Development of a prototype spatial information archeolegical site recognition Potential commercial uses of EOS remote sensing processing system for hydrologic research {E86-10021] p 10 N86-17815 products p 13 N91-24055 INASA-CR-191224} p 14 N92-32590 Use of a priori evaluation of conditions for observing The highlights of 1989 Updating topographic maps using orbital images in a Earth's surface from space for effective choice of time INASA-TM-104985] p 6 N9t-24669 microcomputer environment for executing survey p 10 N86-20260 Earth view: A business guide to orbital remote sensing I INPE-5409-PRE/t756] p 15 N93-19739 Research contributions in astronomy, satellite remote [NASA-CR-1882381 p 13 N91-2467t REMOTE SENSfNG sensing p 10 N86-20947 Jackson State University's Center for Spatial Data Civil land remote sensing systems Remote sensing of the Earth from Space: A program Research and Applications: New facilities and new in crisis IGPO-35-265] p 6 N82-15497 paradigms p 2 N91-28079 Characterizing user requirements for future land |NASA-CR-176796] p 10 N86-25873 Soviet participation in FIFE-t989 remote sensing study observing satellites Research on enhancing the utilization of digital p 13 N91-30173 INASA-TM-83867} p 6 N82-17562 multiapectral data and geographic information systems in Need for expanded environmental measurement Program on stimulating operational private sector use global habitability studies capabilities in geosynchronous Earth orbit of Earth observation satellite information [NASA.CR.177294} p 10 N86-26669 {NASA-CR-183487] p 29 N92-14490 {E82-10131] p 7 N82-21660 Research, investigations and technical developments: Microwave sensing technology issues related to a global Civil land remote sensing system National mapping program, 1963-1984 change technology architecture trade study IGPO-87-0701 p 7 N82-22630 [PB86-166097] p 11 N86-26675 p 14 N92-15468 Appendix C. LANDSAT: A worldwide perspective Earth observing system, Data and information system. Sunsynchronous low Earth orbit spacecraft concepts Volume 2A: Report of the EOS Data Panel p 7 N83-t0471 and technology requirements for global change Geographic research in the US Geological Survey: [ NASA-TM.67777 } p6 N86-31094 monitoring p 2 N92o15469 Bibliography, 1966- 1980 A luelwood plantation site selection procedure using Geostationary orbit Earth science platform concepts for [ USGS-CIRC-865] p 42 N83-11639 geographic information system technology: A case study global change monitoring p 3 N92-t5471 Conference on Using Next Generation Earth in support of the NASA Global Habitability Program Product development plans for operational satellite Observation Satellites: Summary handbook |NASA-CR-179704} p 11 N86-32828 products for the NOAA Climate and Global Change p 7 N83.12508 Remote Sensing Information Sciences Research Group, Program: Special report no. 5 p 3 N92-16009 Status and outlook for NASA's Land Remote Sensing Santa Barbara Information Sciences Research Group, year Global ecosystems database. Version 0.t (beta-test). Program p 7 N83-17988 3 EPA Global Climate Research Program. NOAA/NGDC Second Eastern Regional Remote Sensing Applications [NASA-CR-179769] p 11 N86.32863 Global Change Database Program. Prototype t: Database Conference From pattern to process: The strategy of the Earth documentation. NGDC key to geophysical records {E83-10189} p 7 N83o19141 Observing System: Volume 2: EOS Science Steering documentation No. 25. User's manual Naval Remote Ocean Sensing System (NROSS) study Committee report [PB92-122803| p 30 N92-21439 INASA-CR-173109] p 7 N83-35466 [ NASA-TM-89702 ] p 11 N88-15283 Center for Mapping, Ohio State University Spaceborne SAR and sea ice p 4 N84-16412 Space-based remote sensing of the Earth: A report to p 14 N92-23655 Technology needs of advanced Earth observation the Congress Sixteenth International Laser Radar Conference. part spacecraft INASA-TM-89709] p It N88-18046 1 { NASA-CR-3698} p 2 N84.17248 International cooperation in remote sensing: The ESA [AD-A277077} p 5 N92-29228 APPS-4 (Analytical Photogrammetric Processing expedence p 52 N88-24038 Geographic information system and its applications Systam-4) remote sensing applications guide The detection and interpretation of long-term changes p 14 N92.30915 [AD-A134977] p 8 N84-17676 in ozone from space The detection of climate change due to the enhanced Nelepe describes Intercosmos.Black Sea experiment I NASA-TM-101135 ] p 21 N88-27650 greenhouse effect Civil apace technology initiative p 1 N89-11761 p 47 N84-18257 |NASA-TM.107965} p 31 N92.31258 Remote sensing training for Corps of Engineering Sensors research and technology p t N89-11774 GIS: Geographic Information Systems. State of the art personnel: The university training module concept Remote sensing information sciences research group and future tendencies I NASA-CR.175204 J p48 N84.20154 [NASA-CR-183374] p 11 N89-14461 IINPE-5358-NTC/301} p 51 N92-32227 Research and technology, fiscal year 1983 Earth system science: A program for global change Development of a prototype spatial information [NASA-TM.855571 p 50 N84.20434 { NASA-TM-101186} p6 N89-22969 processing system for hydrologic research Earth Observing System. Science and mission Remote sensing information sciences research group: INASA-CR.191224] p 14 N92-32590 requirements, volume t, part 1 Browse in the EOS era Payload advisory panel recommendations ENASA-TM-86129-VOL-1-PT-1 ] p 5 N84-30460 { NASA-CR-184637} p 11 N89-22979 INASA-TM-t08012J p 1 N93-11528

A-17 , + , ++ . , ,

REMOTE SENSORS SUBJECTINDEX

Proceedings of the First Seminar on Geographic Global change research and NASA's Earth Observing REQUIREMENTS Information Systems in Zambia System Implementation strategy p 6 N84-30453 IPB92-207125] p 51 N93.tt789 IPB94-126992] p 18 N94.31068 Advanced technology needs for a global change science Integrating satellite imagery into a geographic Remote sensing for urban planning program: Perspective of the Langley Research Center information system for monitoring the downstream impacts p 18 N94-32465 INASA-TM-4196] p 12 N91-14634 of dam construction on floodplain agriculture in Sokoto Remote sensing and the Mississippi high accuracy Science requirements for a global change technology State, Nigeria p 15 N93-14823 _r ;rI?: reference network p 19 N94+32466 architecture trade study Updating topographic maps using orbital images in a A collection of The Movies [ NASA-TM-104082 J p 45 N91-25558 microcomputer environment [NASA-TM-1098061 p 19 N94-33598 Science requirements for a global change technology IINPE-5409-PRE/17561 p 15 N93-19739 initiative architecture trade study p 29 N92-15465 NASA/MSFC FY92 Earth Science and Applications The Payload Advisory Panel and the Data and Program Research Review Information System Advisory Panel of the Investigators RESEARCH I NASA-CP-3184 ] p45 N93-20067 Working Group of the Earth Observing System: A joint Earth system science: A program for global change I NASA-TM-101186 J p6 N89-22969 Global temperature variations p 45 N93-20068 report Remote sensing and geographic informations systems: {NASA-TM-109847] p 19 N94-34018 The US global change research program: Early ,.r Implications for Global Marine Fisheries Insight to global change: EOS/SAR mission achievements and future directions p 36 N93-18864 IPB93-1494091 p 15 N93-24309 INASA-CR-1961331 p 40 N94-35503 RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT Application G.f optical remote sensing to the study of Selected translated abstracts of Russian-language The Human Dimensions of Global Change: An surface fluxes related to cloud formation climate-change publications. 2: Clouds International Programme on Human Interactions with the (DE93-0037831 p 45 N93-25125 IDE94-011465] p 47 N94-36244 Earth p 42 N93.71957 "':: + Multi-temporal satellite image analysis for crop Earth sciences from space p 6 N81-76526 RESEARCH FACILITIES

inventories in the Po River Valley (Italy) Space imagery processing: Methods and applications Upper Atmosphere Research Satellite (UARS) trade p 15 N93-25434 at the I.G.N.-France p 19 N83-70161 analysis Commercial applications multispectral sensor system Utilisation of Spacelab for remote sensing of Earth [NASA.CR-175269 } p 2 N85-15774 p 16 N93-25615 resources p 19 N84-74448 Sixteenth International Laser Radar Conference, part Detecting the scale and resolution effects in remote Highlights of the National Conference of State 1 sensing and GIS p 16 N93-25707 Legislatures: Legislative Workshop on State Uses of lAD-A277077| p 5 N92-29228 Geographic information system for fusion and analysis Satellite Remote Sensing no. 3 RESEARCH MANAGEMENT of high-resolution remote sensing and ground truth data [NASA-CR-173790] p 19 N84-74962 Itarative functionalism and climate management p 51 N93-25798 Space Shuttle radar (SIR-A) views near-East regimes: From intergovernmental panel on climate change Geographic information system for fusion and analysis volcanoes to intergovernmental negotiating committee of high-resolution remote sensing and ground truth data [NASA-CR-175944] p 43 N85-73230 [DE92-014798] p 32 N92-31896 p 52 N93-29234 Program on Earth Observation Data Management Toward an understanding of global change What's past is prologue: Supporting global change Systems (EODMS) research with historical data 1NASA-CR-190167 ] p 4t N92-70346 [ NASA-CR-175990] p 19 N85-73372 IDE93-005777] p 38 N93-30009 RESEARCH PROJECTS Program on Earth Observation Data Management The US global change research program: An Topex/Poseidon: A United States/France mission. Systems (EODMS) assessment of the FY 1991 plans Oceanography from space: The Oceans and climate (NASA-CR-175993] p 19 N85-73373 [LC-90-62105] p 26 N91-17457 [ NASA-TM-108253 J p 3 N94-10699 Program on Earth Observation Data Management Polar research from satellites Landsat as a commercial enterprise Systems (EODMS). Preliminary needs analysis report, part IINPE-5477-TAE/019] p 16 N94-11524 2 [NASA-CR-188025] p 43 N91-21640 More sense for less cents: Cost effective servicing of [NASA-CR-175973J p 20 N85-73661 Our changing planet: The FY 1992 US global change remote sensing satellites p 50 N94-11572 Program on Earth Observation Data Management research program. A supplement to the US President's Estimations of temperature and humidity of the canopy Systems, preliminary needs analysis report fiscal year 1992 budget p 28 N91-24690 in Amazon Forest using microwave data from SMMR [NASA-CR.175981) p20 N85-73662 Global Change Research Program: A component of the sensor of Nimbus-7 satellite Program on Earth Observation Data Management US Global Change Research Program. 1993 research [INPE-5444-TDI/490] p 46 N94-13614 Systems (EODMS). Preliminary needs analysis report, part opportunities Minutes of the Sixth CEOS Plenary Meeting 3 INSF-92-77] p 35 N93-18319 INASA-TM-108252J p 4 N94-14112 [NASA-CR-175991] p20 N85-73664 Multisensor remote sensing data and GIS techniques America's climate change strategy: An action agenda Acquisition of satellite remote sensing data in the p 41 N91.71330 for monitoring preservation areas: A case study Meteorological Service p 47 N85-74434 RESIDENTIAL AREAS IINPE-5317-PRE/1714] p 16 N94-14131 A detailed procedukre for the use of small scale Views from space photography in land use classification Remote sensing for urban planning INASA-TM-109634] p 16 N94-15245 [NASA-CR.176668] p 20 N86-71872 p 18 N94-32465 X-SAR: The X-band synthetic aperture radar on board The Greenhouse Effect: Projections of global climate RESOURCES MANAGEMENT the Space Shuttle p 4 N94-15891 change p 41 N88-70493 Second Eastern Regional Remote Sensing Applications Driving terrestrial ecosystem models from space Climate change and stratospheric ozone depletion: Need Conference p 39 N94°15896 for more than the current minimalist response [E83-10189] p 7 N83.19141 EOS SAn: A new approach p 4 N94-15904 p 41 N88-70502 Remote sensing training for Corps of Engineering A summary of microwave remote sensing investigations Processing and analysis evaluation of SAR-580 data and personnel: The university training module concept planned for BOREAS p 17 N94-15914 MOS-1 airborne verification data [NASA-CR-175204] p 48 N84-20154 JPL activities on development of acousto*optic tunable [NASDA-CP-03-8] p 20 N90-70417 filter imaging spectrometer p 5 N94-16696 Research on enhancing the utilization of digital Linking remote-sensing technology and global needs: multispectral data and geographic information systems in Discrimination among semi-arid landscape endmembers A strategic vision global habitability studies using the Spectral Angle Mapper (SAM) algorithm [NASA-TM-101849] p 20 N90-70833 [NASA-CR-177294] p 10 N86-26669 p 17 N94*16711 The Earth observing system Soil conservation applications with C-band SAn |NASA-TM°102942] p 20 N91-70662 Potential effects of global climate change on the United p 48 N94-16760 Sudden climate change: The land surlace record States. Appendix J: Policy Sunphotometer network for monitoring aerosol [ NASA-CR-191691] p41 N93-71155 |PB90-173188J p 25 N91-10404 properties in the Brazilian Amazon p 17 N94-20961 Assessment of satellite earth observation programs NASA applications project in Miami County, Indiana Data format standards for civilian remote sensing [NASA-CR-193279] p 20 N93-72477 |NASA-CR-187916) p 12 N91-17438 satellites Linking remote-sensing technology and global needs: [PB93-192920] p 17 N94-21446 A remote sensing applications update: Results of A strategic vision interviews with Earth Observations Commercialization NASDA's view of ground control in mission operations |NASA-TM.109214] p 20 N94-70142 Program (EOCAP) participants p 28 N91-22623 p 4 N94-23835 Applications of Space-Age Technology in Mission planning for an Earth observation low Earth Anthropology Integrating satellite imagery into a geographic orbiter: ERS-1 p 50 N94-23868 [NASA-TM-109395] p 49 N94-71223 information system for monitoring the downstream impacts of dam construction on floodplain agriculture in Sokoto Mapping Tomorrow's Resources: A symposium on the Settlement patterns, GIS, remote sensing, and the late State, Nigeria p 15 N93-14823 uses of remote sensing, Geographic Information Systems prehistory of the Black Prairie in east central Mississippi (GIS), and Global Positioning Systems (GPS) for natural p 21 N94-71229 Mapping Tomorrow's Resources: A symposium on the resources management p 17 N94-24357 New technology and regional studies in human ecology: uses of remote sensing, Geographic Information Systems The potential for the Department of Defense to use A Papua New Guinea example p 42 N94-71231 (GIS), and Global Positioning Systems (GPS) for natural space-based remote sensing to support DOD and other Traditional anthropology and geographical information resources management p 17 N94-24357 systems in the collaborative study of Cassava in Africa government agencies' environmental programs Linking remote-sensing technology and global needs: [AD-A273895] p 18 N94-25656 p 52 N94-71237 A strategic vision REMOTE SENSORS Remote Earth Sciences data collection using ACTS [NASA-TM-101849] p 20 N90-70833 Sensors research and technology p 1 N89-11774 INASA.CR.195227] p 18 N94-26236 RISK Global change technology initiative architecture trade Global change research related to the Earth's energy Assessing and managing the risks of climate change study plan p 29 N92-15474 and hydrologic cycle p 28 N92-10233 What's past is prologue: Supporting global change [NASA-CR-1952701 p 40 N94-27430 research with historical data ROCKS A comparative study of SAR data compression [DE93-005777] p 38 N93-30009 Sudden climate change: The land surface record schemes p 49 N94-28259 REMOTELY PILOTED VEHICLES [NASA-CR-191691] p 41 N93-71155 Role of satellite observations of sea-surface temperature Small satellites and RPAs in global-change research, RURAL LAND USE in the detection of global change summary and conclusions NASA applications project in Miami County, Indiana [PB94-138120] p 18 N94-29107 [AD-A247855J p 3 N92-27388 (NASA-CR-187916] p 12 N91-17438

A-18 SUBJECT INDEX SPACE SHUTTLE ORBITERS S Global change data base training exercise manual. SIDELOBES Exploring Earth's environment: Africa as an example Microwave sensing technology issues related to a global SALYUT SPACE STATION IPS92-2246821 p 36 N93-21211 change technology architecture trade study Azerbaijan Institute develops subsatellite measurement Remote sensing and geographic informations systems: p 14 N92-15468 systems p 8 N84-31238 Implications for Global Marine Fisheries SINKS SATELLITE ALTIMETRY IPB93-149409J p 15 N93.24309 Climate change: Problems of limits and policy Topex/Poseidon: A United States/France mission. Role of satellite observations of sea-surface temperature responses p 28 N92-10232 Oceanography from space: The oceans and climate in the detection of global change SITE SELECTION [NASA-TM.108253J p 3 N94.10699 JPB94-138120] p 18 N94-29107 A fuelwood plantation site selection procedure using SATELLITE COMMUNICATION Remote sensing and the Mississippi high accuracy geographic information system technology: A case study reference network p 19 N94-32466 Remote Earth Sciences data collection using ACTS in support of the NASA Global Habitability Program JNASA.CR-195227] p 18 N94-26236 Assessment of satellite earth observation programs I NASA-CR-179704 J p 11 N86-32828 SATELLITE CONFIGURATIONS INASA-CR-193279] p 20 N93-72477 SATELLITE ORBITS SMALL SCIENTIFIC SATELLITES i _ Exploring global change: The benefits and Small satellites and RPAs in global-change research, Satellite orbit considerations for a global change disadvantages of microsatellite, lightsatellite, and summary and conclusions / megasatellite architectures technology architecture trade study lAD-A247855] p 3 N92-27388 I NASA-TM-104081J p 44 N91.25557 I DE92.009513 ] p 41 N92-70838 SOCIAL FACTORS SATELLITE IMAGERY Satellite orbit considerations for a global change Climate and society in 20th century Mexico Analysis of lidar, radar and satellite measurements on technology architecture trade study p 1 N92-15466 p 45 N91-27600 severe thunderstorms and their environments Plots of ground coverage achieveabie by global change monitoring instruments and spacecraft Earth science information: Planning for the integration p 43 N84-34864 p 14 N92-15476 and use of global change information Contribution to space program reviewed SATELLITE-BORNE INSTRUMENTS INASA-CR-191217J p 51 N93.12660 p 1 N85-26834 SOCIOLOGY Advanced technology needs for a global change science Methods for complex space expedment in USSR for program: Perspective of the Langley Research Center Global Change and Our Common Future. Papers from studying land from manned spacecraft a Forum [NASA-TM-4196] p 12 N91-14634 p 9 N86-14181 Commercial applications multispectral sensor system I LC-89-62950 J p 28 N91-17453 Research programs: Meteorological prediction. Oceanic p 16 N93-25615 SOFTWARE ENGINEERING processes. Climate and global change monitoring. Satellite SATELLITE-BORNE PHOTOGRAPHY Practical applications of remote sensing technology instrumentation and calibration p 44 N90-25447 Use of a priori evaluation of conditions for observing [NASA-CR-186810J p 12 N90-26377 Practical applications of remote sensing technology Earth's surface from space for effective choice of time SOIL MOISTURE [NASA-CR-186810] p 12 N90-26377 for executing survey p 10 N86-20260 Hoop column soil moisture spacecraft in low Earth orbit The integration of remote sensing, geographic SCANNERS for global change monitoring p 3 N92-15470 information system, and expert system technologies for landcover classification p 49 N91-23733 Microwave sensing technology issues related to a global Development of a prototype spatial information change technology architecture trade study processing system for hydrologic research Earth view: A business guide to orbital remote sensing [NASA-CR.188238J p 13 N91-24671 p 14 N92-15468 INASA-CR-191224] p 14 N92.32590 SCA'n'EROMETERS SOILS Integrating satellite imagery into a geographic information system for monitoring the downstream impacts Naval Remote Ocean Sensing System (NROSS) study Equilibrium-analysis of projected climate change effects of dam construction on floodplain agdculture in Sokoto [NASA-CR-173109] p 7 N83.35466 on the global soil organic matter pool State, Nigeria p 15 N93-14823 SCENE ANALYSIS [PB92-153022] p 31 N92-26509 Updating topographic maps using orbital images in a Appendix C. LANDSAT: A worldwide perspective X-SAn: The X-band synthetic aperture radar on board microcomputer environment p 7 N83-10471 the Space Shuttle p 4 N94-15891 IINPE-5409-PRE/1756J p 15 N93-19739 Settlement patterns, GIS, remote sensing, and the late Soil conservation applications with C-band SAR Multi-temperal satellite image analysis for crop prehistory of the Black Prairie in east central Mississippi p 48 N94-16760 inventodes in the Po River Valley (Italy) p 21 N94-71229 Sudden climate change: The land surface record p 15 N93-25434 SCHEDULES INASA-CR-191691] p 41 N93-71155 Detecting the scale and resolution effects in remote Advanced technology needs for a global change science Settlement patterns, GIS, remote sensing, and the late sensing and GIS p 16 N93-25707 program: Perspective of the Langley Research Center prehistory of the Black Prairie in east central Mississippi What's past is prologue: Supporting global change INASA-TM-4196] p 12 N91-14634 p 21 N94-71229 research with historical data SCHEDULING SOLAR RADIATION [DE93-005777J p 38 N93.30009 Mission planning for an Earth observation low Earth Global change and the dark of the moon A collection of The Movies orbiter: ERS-1 p 50 N94-23868 lAD-A255181] p 52 N93-12380 INASA-TM-t09806] p 19 N94-33598 SCIENTIFIC SATELLITES Analysis of LARI sensor system Applications of Space-Age Technology in Anthropology Plots of ground coverage achieveable by global change [ DE93-006334 ] p 37 N93-24977 monitoring instruments and spacecraft [ NASA-TM-t 09395] p49 N94-71223 SOLAR TERRESTRIAL INTERACTIONS p 14 N92-15476 Settlement patterns, GIS, remote sensing, and the late International geosphere-biosphere program: A study of SEA ICE prehistory of the Black Prairie in east central Mississippi global change p 21 N94-71229 Spaceborne SAn and sea ice p 4 N84-16412 [PB88-142393] p 21 N88-19021 Traditional anthropology and geographical information SEA LEVEL SPACE BASED RADAR systems in the collaborative study of Cassava in Afdca Potential effects of global climate change on the United EOS SAn: A new approach p 4 N94-15904 p 52 N94-71237 States. Appendix B: Sea level rise SPACE COMMERCIALIZATION SATELLITE INSTRUMENTS ]PB90-172628] p 24 N91-10396 Space-based remote sensing of the Earth: A report to Polar research from satellites The effect of global change and long pedod tides on the Congress (NASA-CR-1880251 p 43 N91-21640 the Earth's rotation and gravitational potential INASA-TM-89709) p 11 N88-18046 Information data systems for a global change technology p 14 N92-26781 Center for Mapping. Ohio State University initiative architecture trade study p 51 N92-15473 Sea level variation p 47 N93-24929 p 14 N92-23655 Mission planning for an Earth observation low Earth Topex/Poseidon: A United States/France mission. Landsat as a commercial enterprise orbiter: ERS-1 p 50 N94-23868 Oceanography from space: The oceans and climate [INPE-5477-TAE/019] p 16 N94-11524 SATELLITE NETWORKS INASA-TM-108253| p 3 N94-10699 SPACE GLOSSARIES Product development plans for operational satellite SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURE Tenth Conference of Working Group of Socialist products for the NOAA Climate and Global Change Remote sensing and geographic informations systems: Countries on Remote Sensing of Earth under Intercosmos Program: Special report no: 5 p 3 N92-t6009 Implications for Global Marine Fisheries SATELLITE OBSERVATION Program p 9 N85-26820 [PB93-149409] p 15 N93-24309 SPACE MAINTENANCE Conference on Using Next Generation Earth Role of satellite observations of sea-surface temperature Observation Satellites: Summary handbook More sense for less cents: Cost effective sen/icing of in the detection of global change remote sensing satellites p 50 N94-11572 p 7 N83.12508 Polar research from satellites [PB94-138120] p 18 N94-29107 SPACE MISSIONS SENSITIVITY INASA-CR.188025) p 43 N91-21640 NASDA's view of ground control in mission operations The highlights of 1989 Sensitivity of a regional oxidant model to vadations in p 4 N94-23835 climate parameters, volume 1 and 2 INASA-TM-t04985] p 6 N91-24669 SPACE PLASMAS (PB89-224943] p 22 N90-12981 Earth view: A business guide to orbital remote sensing Research and technology, fiscal year 1983 INASA-CR-188238] p 13 N91-24671 Sensitivity of global warming potentials to the assumed (NASA-TM.85557] p 50 N84.20434 background atmosphere Satellite orbit considerations for a global change SPACE PLATFORMS technology architecture trade study [DE92-011072] p 31 N92-27417 Global change technology architecture trade study SHORELINES INASA-TM-104081] p 44 N91-25557 [NASA-TM-104128] p 29 N92-15464 Soviet participation in FIFE-1959 remote sensing study Potential effects of global climate change on the United SPACE PROBES States. Appendix B: Sea level rise p 13 N91-30173 Research contributions in astronomy, satellite remote Satellite orbit considerations for a global change [PB90-172628] p 24 N91-10396 sensing p 10 N86-20947 technology architecture trade study p 1 N92-15466 SHUTTLE IMAGING RADAR SPACE PROGRAMS Physical and performance characteristics of instruments X-SAn: The X-band synthetic aperture radar on board Contribution to space program reviewed selected for global change monitoring p 5 N92-15475 the Space Shuttle p 4 N94-15891 p 1 N85-26834 Product development plans for operational satellite Space Shuttle radar (SIR-A) views near-East SPACE SHUTrLE ORBITERS products for the NOAA Climate and Global Change volcanoes Views from space Program: Special report no. 5 p 3 N92-16009 I NASA-CR.175944] p 43 N85-73230 |NASA-TM-109634J p 16 N94-15245

A-19 SPACE SHUTTLE PAYLOADS SUBJECT INDEX

SPACE SHUTrLE PAYLOADS STRATOSPHERE Small satellites and RPA's in global-change research Brazilian Remote Sensing Shuttle Experiment Sixteenth International Laser Radar Conference, part IAD°A2607621 p 38 N93-25837 :i ¸¸ ,_ (BRESEX): Characteristics and future utilization on 1 Data format standards for civilian remote sensing satellites IAD*A2770771 p 5 N92-29228 satellites IINPE-3313-PRE/620] p 5 N85-19385 Radiative forcing of climate p 33 N93.11094 IPBg3-192920J p 17 N94.21446 The detection and interpretation of long-term changes Global temperature variations p 45 N93-20068 Program on Earth Observation Data Management in ozone from space Systems (EODMS), Preliminaw needs analysis report, part Global warming impacts of CFC alternative technologies: I NASA-TM-101135J p21 N88-27650 2 SPACE STATIONS Combining fluorocarbon and CO2 effects IDE93-0023471 p 37 N93.22972 I NASA.CR.175973 } p 20 N85-73661 Remote Sensing Information Sciences Research Group, Quantified estimates of total GWPs for greenhouse Program on Earth Observation Data Management Santa Barbara Information Sciences Research Group, year Systems (EODMS). Preliminary needs analysis report, part 3 gases taking into account tropospheric chemistry 3 I NASA-CR-179769] p 11 N86-32863 IDE94-0078461 p 40 N94-32817 Climate change and stratospheric ozone depletion: Need INASA*CR*175991 ] p 20 N85-73664 Satellite orbit considerations for a global change TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER technology architecture trade study for more than the current minimalist response Civil land remote sensing system [NASA-TM-104081 J p 44 N91-25557 p 41 N88-70502 IGPO-87-070] p 7 N82-22630 SPACEBORNE EXPERIMENTS STREAMS Research on enhancing the utilization of digital Methods for complex space experiment in USSR for Settlement patterns, GIS, remote sensing, and the late multispectrel data and geographic information systems in studying land from manned spacecraft prehistory of the Black Prairie in east central Mississippi p 21 N94-71229 global habitability studies p 9 N86-14181 INASA-CR-177294] p 10 N86-26669 SPACEBORNE PHOTOGRAPHY SUBDIVISIONS Earth observations and global change decision making: Itarative functionalism and climate management Tenth Conference of Working Group of Socialist regimes: From intergovernmental panel on climate change Countries on Remote Sensing of Earth under Intarcosmos A special bibliography, 1991 [NASA-SP-7092] p 13 N91.30588 to intergovernmental negotiating committee Program p 9 N85-26820 SUPERHIGH FREQUENCIES IDE92-0147981 p 32 N92.31896 SPACECRAFT CONFIGURATIONS X-SAR: The X-band synthetic aperture radar on board Linking remote.sensing technology and global needs: Sunsynchronous low Earth Orbit spacecraft concepts the Space Shuttle p 4 N94-15891 A strategic vision and technology requirements for global change i ,,,' SUPPORT SYSTEMS INASA°TM-109214] p 20 N94-70142 monitoring p 2 N92-15469 TECHNOLOGY UTILIZATION Hoop column soil moisture spacecraft in low Earth orbit Data policy and availability supporting global change research, development, and decision-making: An Program on stimulating operational private sector use for global change monitoring p 3 N92-15470 of Earth observation satellite information information perspective Information data systems for a global change technology [E82-1013t I p 7 N82-21660 initiative architecture trade study p 51 N92.15473 INASA-TM-105137] p 13 N91-30592 Appendix C. LANDSAT: A worldwide perspective SPACECRAFT DESIGN SURFACE PROPERTIES p 7 N83-10471 Advanced technology needs for a global change science Science requirements for a global change technology architecture trade study GIS: Geographic Information Systems. State of the art program: Perspective of the Langley Research Center and future tendencies INASA-TM-4196] p 12 N91-14634 [ NASA-TM-104082 ] p 45 N91-25558 IINPE-5358-NTC/301] p 51 N92.32227 Options in the global change fleet architecture provided Science requirements for a global change technology The potential for the Department of Defense to use by the presence of an EOS-A and -B p 3 N92-15472 initiative architecture trade study p 29 N92-15465 SURFACE ROUGHNESS space-based remote sensing to support DOD and other Global change technology initiative architecture trade government agencies' environmental programs study plan p 29 N92.15474 Sudden climate change: The land surface record lAD-A2.73895] p 18 N94-25656 Physical and performance characteristics of instruments | NASA-CR-t 91691] p41 N93-71155 SURFACE TEMPERATURE Applications of Space-Age Technology in selected for global change monitoring p 5 N92-15475 Anthropology SPACECRAFT INSTRUMENTS Data sets and products p 47 N86-16856 INASA-TM-1093951 p 49 N94-71223 Sunsynchronous low Earth Orbit spacecraft concepts The uncertainties of global temperatures in the global warming context TELECOMMUNICATION and technology requirements for global change monitoring p 2 N92-15469 [TABES PAPER 92-447| p 32 N92-32014 A comparative study of SAR data compression schemes p 49 N94-28259 Geestationary orbit Earth science platform concepts for Lightning, atmospheric electricity, and climate change global change monitoring p 3 N92-15471 [DE94.002003] p 46 N94-23471 TELEPHONES SYNCHRONOUS PLATFORMS Options in the global change fleet architecture provided Remote sensing for urban planning Need for expanded environmental measurement by the presence of an EOS-A and -B p 3 N92.15472 p 18 N94.32465 capabilities in geesynchronous Earth Orbit TELEPHONY SPACECRAFT ORBITS |NASA-CR-183487| p 29 N92-14490 Global change technology architecture trade study Remote sensing for urban planning Geostationary orbit Earth science platform concepts for INASA-TM-104128] p 29 N92-15464 p 18 N94-32465 global change monitoring p 3 N92°15471 TELEROBOTICS Hoop column soil moisture spacecraft in low Earth orbit SYNTHETIC APERTURE RADAR for global change monitoring p 3 N92-15476 More sense for less cents: Cost effective servicing of Speceborne SAR and sea ice p 4 N84-16412 remote sensing satellites p 50 N94-11572 SPACECRAFT PROPULSION Development of a prototype spatial information TERRAIN Civil space technology initiative p 1 N69-11761 processing system for hydrologic research Process thresholds: Report of Working Group Number SPACELAB {NASA-CR-191224] p 14 N92-32590 3 p 9 N85-32384 Utilisation of Spacelab for remote sensing of Earth X-SAR: The X-band synthetic aperture radar on board Potential responses of landscape boundaries to global resources p 19 N64-74448 the Space Shuttle p 4 N94-15891 SPATIAL RESOLUTION EOS SAR: A new approach p 4 N94-15904 environmental change [DE90.008568| p 26 N91-16451 Characterizing user requirements for future land Soil conservation applications with C-band SAR Design and development of the terrain information observing satellites p 48 N94-16760 I NASA*TM-83867] p 6 N82-17562 A comparative study of SAR data compression extraction system [AD-A231166] p 13 N91-21623 Commercial applications multispectrel sensor system schemes p 49 N94-28259 Insight to global change: EOS/SAR mission TERRAIN ANALYSIS p 16 N93-25615 [NASA°CR-196133] p 40 N94-35503 Role of landscape research in development of space Detecting the scale and resolution effects in remote Space Shuttle radar (SIR.A) views near.East methods for studying Earth p 9 N86-14184 sensing and GIS p 16 N93-25707 volcanoes SPECTRAL BANDS Determination of the utility of remote sensing data for [NASA-CR-175944] p 43 N85-73230 land usa/cover analysis in the lower Appalachia region: Characterizing user requirements for future land Processing and analysis evaluation of SAR-580 data and Assessing the utility of remote sensing data for observing satellites MOS-t airborne verification data archeological site recognition INASA-TM-83867} p 6 N82-17562 [NASDA-CP-03-8] p 20 N90°70417 1E86-10021] p 10 N86-17815 SPECTRAL RECONNAISSANCE SYSTEMS ANALYSIS TERRESTRIAL RADIATION The spot operational remote sensing satellite system: Experimental philosophy leading to a small scale digital Global change and the dark of the moon Current status and perspectives p 8 N85.20776 data base of the conterminous United States for designing [AD-A255181] p 52 N93-12380 SPECTROMETERS experiments with remotely sensed data THEMATIC MAPPING Selection of representative instruments for a global I NASA-TM-85009] p 50 N85-28877 Conference on Using Next Generation Earth change technology architecture trade study SYSTEMS ENGINEERING Observation Satellites: Summary handbook p 5 N92°15467 Physical and performance characteristics of instruments p 7 N83-12508 SPOT (FRENCH SATELLITE) selected for global change monitoring p 5 N92.15475 Second Eastern Regional Remote Sensing Applications The spot operational remote sensing satellite system: Conlerence Current status and perspectives p 8 N85-20776 T |E83-10169] p 7 N83-19141 STANDARDIZATION Determination of the utility of remote sensing data for Data format standards for civilian remote sensing TABLES (DATA) satellites land use/cover analysis in the lower Appalachia region: Trends 1991: A compendium of data on global change Assessing the utility of remote sensing data for [PB93-192920] p 17 N94-21446 [DE92-O11733] p 32 N92-31907 aroheological site recognition STATISTICAL ANALYSIS TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT [E86-10021| p 10 N86-17815 Statistical examination of climatological data relevant Status and outlook for NASA's Land Remote Sensing Research, investigations and technical developments: to global temperature variation Program p 7 N83-17988 National mapping program, 1983-1984 IDE91-007861] p 27 N91-19540 The role of lidars in global change research [PB86-166097] p 11 N86-26675 STRATEGY p 31 N92-29235 THUNDERSTORMS Linking remote-sensing technology and global needs: GIS: Geographic Information Systems. State of the art Analysis of lidar, radar and satellite measurements on A strategic vision and future tendencies severe thunderstorms and their environments INASA-TM-1018491 p 20 N90-70833 I INPE-5358-NTC/301] p 51 N92-32227 p 43 N84-34864

A-20 L _ _ ', i _'/, ;,,, _i/_;i_, _,_i_k,,i_¸

SUBJECTINDEX ZAMBIA

TIDES Potential effects of global climate change on the United Equilibrium-analysis of projected climate change effects The effect of global change and long period tides on States. Appendix C: Agriculture, volume 2 on the global soil organic matter pool the Earth's rotation and gravitational potential [PB90-171596 p 24 N91-10397 IPB92-153022J p 31 N92-26509 p 14 N92-26781 Potential effects of global climate change on the United Global Change Data Base Pilot (Diskette) Project for Sea level variation p 47 N93-24929 States. Appendix D: Forests Africa. Dase base documentation version 1.1 TIME DEPENDENCE IPB90-173238 p 24 N91-10398 IPB93-117927 J p43 N93-21686 Analysis of lidar, radar and satellite measurements on Potential effects of global climate change on the United X-SAR: The X.band synthetic aperture radar on board severe thunderstorms and their environments States. Appendix E: Aquatic resources the Space Shuttle p 4 N94-15891 p 43 N84-34864 IPB90-172297 p 25 N91-10399 Biophysical characterization and surface radiation TIME SERIES ANALYSIS Potential effects of global climate change on the United balance Statistical examination of climatological data relevant States• Appendix F: Air quality I NASA-CR-1946591 p 39 N94-17762 to global temperature variation lPB90-172230 p 25 N91-10400 VEGETATION GROWTH IDE91-0078811 p 27 N91-19540 Potential effects of global climate change on the United Carbon dioxide and climate: Summaries of research in TOPEX _ _ _i_ States. Appendix G: Health FY 1989 Topex/Poseidon: A United States/France mission. [PB90-173881 p 25 N91-10401 IDEg0-001791J p 22 N90-14723 Oceanography from space: The oceans and climate Potential effects of global climate change on the United Modeling the response of plants and ecosystems to INASA-TM-t082531 p 3 N94.10699 States. Appendix H: Infrastructure global change Assessment of satellite earth observation programs [PB90-172313 p 25 N91-10402 [DE91.017403J p 28 N91-32587 INASA-CR-1932791 p 20 N93-72477 Potential effects of global climate change on the United Driving terrestrial ecosystem models from space TOPOGRAPHY States. Appendix I: Variability p 39 N94-15896 Tenth Conference of Working Group of Socialist IPB90-173899 p 25 N91.10403 VIDEO DATA Countries on Remote Sensing of Earth under Intercosmos Potential effects of global climate change on the United Size, duration, and rate of growth of nocturnal lightning _ii!i _ ,i_! _ Program p 9 N85-26820 States. Appendix J: Policy events appeaeng on space shuttle video tapes Process thresholds: Report of Working Group Number [PB90-173188 p 25 N91-10404 f NASA-CR-4313 J p 44 N90-28310 3 p 9 N85-32384 Limiting net greenhouse gas emissions in the United VOLCANOES States Potential responses of landscape boundaries to global Sixteenth International Laser Radar Conference, part environmental change lDE92-007267] p 30 N92-25313 1 JDE90.008568J p 26 N91-16451 Global Change Research Program: A component of the I AD-A277077] p 5 N92-29228 Proposed methodology for the study of urban US Global Change Research Program. 1993 research Space Shuttle radar (SIR-A) views near-East environment and space structure in metropolitan area opportunities volcanoes IINPE-5203-PRE/1665 t p2 N91-21216 INSF-92-77] p 35 N93-18319 INASA-CR-175944J p 43 N85.73230 Updating topographic maps using orbital images in a Economics and global change: The FY 1993 research microcomputer environment program on the economics of global change. A supplement JlNPE-5409-PRE/1756J p 15 N93-19739 to the US President's FY 1993 budget and a companion W TRACE ELEMENTS document to out changing planet Scientific linkages in global change IPB93-101244| p 37 N93-21696 WATER COLOR JPB90.112608 J p23 N90-16356 Land,sat as a commercial enterprise Remote sensing and geographic informations systems: Implications for Global Marine Fisheries International Conference on the Role of the Polar flNPE-5477-TAE/019] p 16 N94-11524 Regions in Global Change: Proceedings, volume 1 UPPER ATMOSPHERE fPB93-149409] p 15 N93-24309 IDE92-0136521 p33 N93-11232 WATER DEPTH Upper Atmosphere Research Satellite (UARS) trade International Conference on the Role of the Polar analysis Thermohaline circulations and global climate change [DE93-004601] p 36 N93-19505 Regions in Global Change: Proceedings, volume 2 |NASA.CR.175269] p 2 N85.15774 [DE92-013653] p 33 N93-11233 WATER RESOURCES UPPER ATMOSPHERE RESEARCH SATELLITE (UARS) TRANSPORTATION Remote sensing training for Corps of Engineering Assessment of satellite earth observation programs Global warming: Transportation and energy personnel: The university training module concept considerations, 1990 INASA-CR-193279J p 20 N93-72477 [ NASA-CR-175204 J p 48 N84-20154 URBAN PLANNING {PB91-118919] p 27 N91-20567 Potential effects of global climate change on the United TRANSPORTATION ENERGY Remote sensing for urban planning States. Appendix A: Water resources p 18 N94.32465 Global warming: Transportation and energy [PB90-171968] p 24 N91-10395 considerations, 1990 USER MANUALS (COMPUTER PROGRAMS) Potential effects of global climate change on the United {PB91-118919J p27 N91-20567 Global ecosystems database. Version 0.1 (beta.test). States. Appendix E: Aquatic resources TREES (PLANTS) EPA Global Climate Research Program. NOAA/NGDC |PB90-172297] p 25 N91-10399 A fuelwood plantation site selection procedure using Global Change Database Program. Prototype 1: Database Potential effects of global climate change on the United geographic information system technology: A case study documentation. NGDC key to geophysical records States. Appendix J: Policy documentation No, 25. User's manual m support of the NASA Global Habitability Program {PBgO-173188J p 25 N91-10404 [NASA-CR.179704 J p 11 N86-32828 |PB92-122803| p 30 N92-21439 WATER VAPOR TRENDS Global ecosystems database. Version 1.0 (on CD-ROM). The detection of climate change due to the enhanced Report of the International Ozone Trends Panel 1988, EPA global climate research program. NOAA/NGDC global greenhouse effect volume 2 change database program. User's guide. Volume 1. NGDC [NASA-TM-107965| p 31 N92-31258 [NASA-TM-105119_ p 29 N92-15457 key to geophysical records documentation No. 26 WEATHER Trends 1991: A compendium of data on global change |PB93-146082| p 37 N93-24334 Sudden climate change: The land surface record I DE92-011733] p32 N92-31907 Global ecosystems database, Version 1.0 (on CD-ROM). |NASA-CR-191691] p 41 N93-71155 TROPOSPHERE EPA global climate research program. NOAA/NGDC global WEATHER FORECASTING The highlights of 1989 change database program. Documentation manual, Research programs: Meteorological prediction. Oceanic I NASA.TM-104985 J p 6 N91-24669 DISC-A. Volume 1. NGDC key to geophysical records processes. Climate and global change monitoring. Satellite NASA/MSFC FY92 Earth Science and Applications documentation No. 27 instrumentation and calibration p 44 N90-25447 Program Research Review [PB93-146090] p 37 N93-24645 Application of optical remote sensing to the study of INASA-CP-3184] p 45 N93-20067 USER REQUIREMENTS surface fluxes related to cloud formation Quantified estimates of total GWPs for greenhouse Characterizing user requirements for future land {DEg3-003783J p 45 N93-25125 gases taking into account tropospheric chemistry observing satellites Acquisition of satellite remote sensing data in the IDE94-007846] p 40 N94-32817 |NASA-TM-83867] p 6 N82-17562 Meteorological Service p 47 N85-74434 UTILITIES Linking remote-sensing technology and global needs: A strategic vision Remote sensing for urban planning U |NASA-TM-109214] p 20 N94.70142 p 18 N94-32465 WOOD U.S.S.R. SPACE PROGRAM A fuelwood plantation site selection procedure using Methods for complex space experiment in USSR for V geographic information system technology: A case study studying land from manned spacecraft in support of the NASA Global Habitability Program p 9 N86-14181 INASA-CR-179704] p 11 N86-32828 UNITED STATES VARIABILITY Potential effects of global climate change on the United Second Eastern Regional Remote Sensing Applications Conference States. Appendix I: Variability Z IE83-10189J p 7 N83-19141 [PB90-173899| p 25 N91-10403 ZAMBIA Experimental philosophy leading to a small scale digital The uncertainties of global temperatures in the global data base of the conterminous United States for designing warming context Proceedings of the First Seminar on Geographic experiments with remotely sensed data [TABES PAPER 92-447] p 32 N92-32014 Information Systems in Zambia INASA-TM-85009] p 50 N85-28877 VARIATIONS [PB92-207125] p 51 N93-11789 Potential effects of global climate change on the United sensitivity of a regional oxidant model to variations in States. Appendix C: Agriculture, volume 1 climate parameters, volume 1 and 2 [PB90-171588] • p 24 N91-10394 [PB89-224943] p 22 N90-12981 Potential effects of global climate change on the United Global temperature variations p 45 N93-20068 States• Appendix A: Water resources VEGETATION

I PB90"171968 ] p24 N91-10395 Remote Sensing Information Sciences Research Group, Potential effects of global climate change on the United Santa Barbara Information Sciences Research Group, year States. Appendix B: Sea level rise 3

[PB90-172628] p 24 N91-10396 INASA-CR-179769J p 11 N86-32863

A-21 L • • I PERSONAL AUTHOR INDEX i /

REMOTE SENSING / GLOBAL CHANGE / A Special Bibliography November 1994

Typical Personal Author Index Listing AUDET, H. BESSON, O. Conlerence on Using Next Generation Earth A comparative study of SAR data compression Observation Satellites: Summary handbook schemes p 49 N94.28259 I PERSONAL AUTHOR ] p 7 N83-12508 BIRK, RONALD J. Commercial applications multispectrel sensor system I B p 16 N93-25615 BIRKS, JOHN W. BRESLAWSKI, CHRISTINE BALLARD, R. J. Chemistry of the atmosphere: Its impact on global Size, duration, and rate of growth of nocturnal lightning Program on Earth Observation Data Management change. CHEMRAWN 7: Perspectives and vents appearing on space shuttle video tapes Systems (EODMS) recommendations ASA-CR-4313] p 44 Ng0-28310 INASA-CR.175990] p 19 N85.73372 [PB93-180644] p 48 N93-29670 Program on Earth Observation Data Management BISHOP, PETER C. Systems (EODMS). Preliminary needs analysis report, part ACCESSION Earth view: A business guide to orbital remote sensing NUMBER 2 [NASA-CR-188238] p 13 N91-24671 INASA-CR-175973 | p2O N85-73661 BLACKFORD, E. Program on Earth Observation Data Management Space Shuttle radar (SIR-A) views near-East Systems, preliminary needs analysis report volcanoes I NASA-CR-175981] p20 N85-73662 f NASA-CR-175944] p 43 N85-73230 Listings in this index are arranged alphabetically Program on Earth Observation Data Management by personal author. The title of the document Systems (EODMS). Preliminary needs analysis report, part BLAD, BLAINE L 3 Biophysical characterization and surface radiation is used to provide a brief description of the balance [NASA-CR.f75991] p 20 N85.73664 subject matter. The report number helps to BANKS, P. [NASA-CR-t94659] p 39 N94-17762 indicate the type of document (e.g., NASA Small satellites and RPAs in global-change research, BLADOS, WALTER R. report, translation, NASA contractor report). The summary and conclusions Global change information support: A north-south page and accession numbers are located |AD-A247855] p 3 N92-27388 coalition beneath and to the right of the title. Under any Small satellites and RPA's in global-change research INASA-TM-108983] p 36 N93-t9940 iAD'A260762] p 38 N93-25837 BLOYD, C. N. one author's name the accession numbers are BARKER, JoL. US energy use: New technologies and policies in Characterizing user requirements for future land arranged in sequence. response to global warming observing satellites [DE90-002170] p 22 N90-14724 [NASA-TM-83867] p 6 N82-17562 BARRON, ERIC J. BLUESTEIN, H. The Payload Advisory Panel end the Data and Analysis of lidar, radar and satellite measurements on severe thunderstorms and their environments A Information System Advisory Panel of the Investigators p 43 N84-34864 Working Group of the Earth Observing System: A joint report BOARDMAN, JOE W. ADAMS, JOHN [NASA-TM-109847] p 19 N94-34018 Discrimination among semi-arid landscape endmembers Sudden climate change: The land surface record BARSKIY, N. using the Spectral Angle Mapper (SAM) algorithm INASA-CR-191691] p 41 N93.71155 Cosmonauts participate in multilevel remote sensing p 17 N94-16711 ALEXANDER, TIMOTHY M. experiment p 9 N85-33130 BODEN, T. A. Remote sensing and the Mississippi high accuracy BATISTA, GETULIO Trends 1991: A compendium of data on global change reference network p 19 N94-32466 The Payload Advisory Panel end the Data and [DE92-011733| p 32 N92-31907 ALLEN, CHERYL L Information System Advisory Panel of the Investigators BODEN, THOMAS A. Selection of representative instruments for a global Working Group of the Earth Observing System: A joint TRENDS '90: A compendium of data on global change technology architecture trade study report change p 5 N92-15467 [NASA-TM-109847] p 19 N94-34018 [DE91-000587] p 25 N91-15632 Physical end performance characteristics of instruments BAXTER, F. PAUL Trends '91: A compendium of data on global change. selected for global change monitoring p 5 N92.15475 Information technology end global change science Highlights ALLEN, M. R. [DE91-005020] p 26 N91-18492 |DE93-003112] p 38 N93-25144 Role of satellite observations of sea-surface temperature BAY, S. M. BOLSTAD, PAUL VICTOR in the detection of global change Program on Earth Observation Data Management The integration of remote sensing, geographic [PB94-138120] p 18 N94-29107 Systems (EODMS) information system, and export system technologies for ALVES, DIOGENES SALAS [NASA-CR-175990] p 19 N85-73372 landcover classification p 49 N91-23733 Analysis and modelling of spatial data proposal of a Program on Earth Observation Data Management BORZA, KAREN system for CBERS Systems (EODMS) Global change and biodiveraity loss: Some impediments [INPE-4911-PRE/1512] p 12 N90o21445 [NASA-CR-f75993] p 19 N85-73373 to response p 27 N91-22622 AMBRUS, JUDITH H. Program on Earth Observation Data Management BRACHET, G. Civil space technology initiative p 1 N89-11761 Systems (EODMS). Preliminary needs analysis report, part The spot operational remote sensing satellite system: ANDERSON, P. D. 2 Current status and perspectives p 8 N85.20776 A computer simulation of ecosystem processes inforests [NASA-CR-175973] p 20 N85-7366t BRADLEY, R. A. for application to air pollution, acid precipitation, and global Program on Earth Observation Data Management Limiting net greenhouse gas emissions in the United change Systems, preliminary needs analysis report States [DE92-019616] p 34 N93-12927 [NASA-CR-f 75981 ] p 20 N85-73662 I DE92-007267] p 30 N92-25313 ARNOLD, JAMES E. Program on Earth Observation Data Management BREAULT, ROBERT P. NASA/MSFC FY92 Earth Science and Applications Systems (EODMS). Preliminary needs analysis report, part Analysis of LARI sensor system Program Research Review 3 [DE93"006334] p 37 N93-24977 [NASA-CP-3184] p 45 N93.20067 | NASA-CR-175991 ] p20 N85-73664 BRESLAWSKI, CHRISTINE ARTHUR, B. E. BEDARD, D. Size, duration, and rate of growth of nocturnal lightning A detailed procedukre for the use of small scale Soil conservation applications with C-band SAR events appearing on space shuttle video tapes photography in land use classification p 48 N94-16760 [NASA-CR-4313] p 44 N90-28310 [ NASA-CR. 176668 ] p 20 N86-71872 BEIER, JOY BREWER, PETER ART|S, DONALD R., JR. Global change data sots: Excerpts from the Master The Payload Advisory Panel and the Data and The potential for the Department of Defense to use Directory, version 2.0 Information System Advisory Panel of the Investigators space-based remote sensing to support DOD and other |NASA-TM-107994] p 33 N92-34026 Working Group of the Earth Observing System: A joint government agencies' environmental programs BELTRAN, G. N. report lAD-A273895| p 18 N94-25656 Experimental philosophy leading to a small scale digital [NASA-TM-109847] p 19 N94-34018 ASHCRAFT, P. data base of the conterminous United States for designing BRISCO, B. The Greenhouse Effect: Projections of global climate experiments with remotely sensed data Soil conservation applications with C-band SAR change p 41 N8S-70493 [NASA.TM.85009] p 50 N85-28677 p 48 N94-16760

B-1 BRITO, JORGE LUIS SILVA PERSONAL AUTHOR INDEX

BRITO, JORGE LUIS SILVA CHENG, LI-JEN DESMOND, GREGORY B. Estimations of temperature and humidity of the canopy JPL activities on development of acousto.optic tunable Design and development of the terrain information in Amazon Forest using microwave data from SMMR filter imaging spectrometer p 5 N94-16696 extraction system sensor of Nimbus-7 satellite CHRISTY, JOHN R. {AD-A231166] p 13 N91-21623 [INPE-5444-TDI/490J p 46 N94-13614 The uncertainties of global temperatures in the global DIAZ, H. F. BRODERICK, P. W. warming context Reconstruction of spatial patterns of climatic anomalies Experimental philosophy leading to a small scale digital ITABES PAPER 92-447] p 32 N92.32014 during the medieval warm period (AD 900-1300) data base of the conterminous United States for designing Global temperature variations p 45 N93-20068 IDE94-006637J p 47 N94-72025 experiments with remotely sensed data COLWELL, J. E. DING, M. INASA-TM-850091 p 50 N85-28877 Radiative forcing of climate p 33 N93-11094 BROONER, WILLIAM G. A fuelwood plantation site selection procedure using DOUGLAS, BRUCE C. geographic information system technology: A case study An assessment of information demands for remote Sea level variation p 47 N93.24929 in support of the NASA Global Habitability Program sensing and Geographic Information System DOVIAK, R. J. technologies I NASA-CR-t 79704 } p 11 N86-32828 CONNOLLY, DENIS Analysis of lidar, radar and satellite measurements on IPB89-t59313J p 12 N99-27233 severe thunderstorms and their environments BROWN, R. J. Microwave sensing technology issues related to a global p 43 N84-34864 Soil conservation applications with C-band SAn change technology architecture trade study DOZIER, JEFF p 14 N92-15468 p 48 N94.16760 The Payload Advisory Panel and the Data and BRUEGGEMANN, W. COOPER, CHESTER L Epilogue p 29 N92-10240 Information System Advisory Panel of the Investigators Ocean variability and its influence on the detectability COOTER, ELLEN J. Working Group of the Earth Observing System: A joint of greenhouse warming signals General circulation model output for forest climate report [DE94-008670} p 48 N94-32981 fNASA-TM-f09847J p 19 N94-34018 BUGLIA, JAMES J. change research and applications {PB93-124626} p 37 N93.24015 DUBOIS, PASCALE Satellite orbit considerations for a global change CORNWALL, J. Geographic information system for fusion and analysis technology architecture trade study of high-resolution remote sensing and ground troth data INASA-TM-104081 ] p 44 N91-25557 Small satellites and RPA's in global-change research {AD-A260762] p 38 N93-25837 p 51 N93-25798 Satellite orbit considerations for a global change CORNWALL, J. M. Geographic information system for fusion and analysis technology architecture trade study p 1 N92-15466 of high-resolution remote sensing and ground truth data BURGESS, BRYAN Small satellites and RPAs in global-change research, summary and conclusions p.52 N93.29234 Remote sensing for urban planning DYSON, F. [AD-A247855 ] p 3 N92-27388 p 18 N94-32465 Small satellites and RPAs in global-change research, BURROWBRIDGE, DONALD R., JR. CoI-rER, GLADYS A. Data policy and availability supporting global change summary and conclusions Sunsynchronous low Earth orbit spacecraft concepts research, development, and decision-making: An IAD-A247855J p 3 N92-27388 and technology requirements for global change information perspective Small satellites and RPA's in global-change research monitoring p 2 N92-15469 [AD-A260762 } p 38 N93-25837 BURTIS, M. D. {NASA-TM-105137} p 13 N91-30592 Global change information support: A north-south Selected translated abstracts of Rusaian.language coalition climate-change publications. 2: Clouds E IDE94-011465 J p47 N94-36244 {NASA-TM-108983] p 36 N93-19940 COWEN, DAVE J. BURTON, IAN EASTWOOD, L F., JR. Remote sensing for urban planning Human dimensions of global change: Toward a research Program on stimulating operational private sector use agenda p 29 N92-10238 p 18 N94-32465 of Earth observation satellite information CRESSY, P. J. BUSCH, J. [E82-10131} p 7 N82-21660 Characterizing user requirements for future land Incorporating global warming risks in power sector Program on Earth Observation Data Management observing satellites planning. Volume 1: A case study of the New England Systems (EODMS) region {NASA-TM-83867] p 6 N82.17562 {NASA-CR-175990} p 19 N85-73372 CROSSON, PIERRE R. IDE93-015241} p 39 N94-17289 Program on Earth Observation Data Management BUTERA, K. M. Climate change: Problems of limits and policy Systems (EODMS) NASA's land remote sensing plans for the 1980's responses p 28 N92-10232 INASA-CR-175993} p 19 N85-73373 CUBASCH, U. p 8 N85-23224 Program on Earth Observation Data Management BU'I-rERFIELD, ANSEL J. Ocean variability and its influence on the detectability Systems (EODMS). Preliminary needs analysis report, part of greenhouse warming signals Sunsynchronous low Earth Orbit spacecraft concepts 2 JDE94.008670 ] p 48 N94-32881 and technology requirements for global change lNASA-CR-175973} p 20 N85-73661 CUSHMAN, ROBERT M. monitoring p 2 N92-15469 Program on Earth Observation Data Management Global climate change and NEPA (National BYERLY, RADFORD, JR. Systems, preliminary needs analysis report Environmental Policy Act) analyses Research in geosciences policy {NASA.CR-175981] p 20 N85-73662 |DE90-003704} p 22 N90-15540 [NASA-CR-188038} p 27 N91-22619 Program on Earth Observation Data Management CUTTS, JAMES A. Systems (EODMS). Preliminary needs analysis report, part C Sensors research and technology p I N89.11774 3 [NASA-CR-175991 | p 20 N85-73664 D ECK, T. F. CALVERT, JACK G. Sunphotometer network for monitoring aerosol Chemistry of the atmosphere: Its impact on global DALLY, GRETCHEN C. properties in the Brazilian Amazon p 17 N94-20961 change. CHEMRAWN 7: Perspectives and Global change and carrying capacity: Implications for EDEn, BRIAN K. recommendations life on Earth p 26 N91-17454 General circulation model output for forest climate [PB93-180644 } p 48 N93-29670 DALEY, C. change research and applications CAMPBELL, THOMAS G. Sensitivity of a regional oxidant model to variations in {PB93-124626} p 37 N93-24015 Science requirements for a global change technology climate parameters, volume 1 and 2 EDMONDS, JAE A. architecture trade study (PB89-224943] p 22 N90-12981 Radiative forcing of climate p 33 N93-11094 [NASA-TM.104082} p 45 N91-25558 DALGE, JULIA CESAR LIMA EDWARDS, DANIEL L Science requirements for a global change technology Updating topographic maps using orbital images in a Design and development of the terrain information initiative architecture trade study p 29 N92-15465 microcomputer environment extraction system Microwave sensing technology issues related to a global [INPE-5409-PRE/1756} p 15 N93-19739 {AD-A231166] p 13 N91-21623 EHRLICH, ANNE H. change technology architecture trade study DAVIS, BRUCE A. p 14 N92-15468 Remote sensing for urban planning Global change and carrying capacity: Implications for life on Earth p 26 N91-17454 Geostationary orbit Earth science platform concepts for p 18 N94-32465 EHRUCH, DANIELE global change monitoring p 3 N92.15471 DAVIS, BRUCE E. Multi-temporal satellite image analysis for crop CAMPBELL, W. G. Jackson State University's Center for Spatial Data Research and Applications: New facilities and new inventories in the Po River Valley (Italy) Global ecosystems database. Version 0.1 (beta-test). paradigms p 2 N91-28079 p 15 N93-25434 EPA Global Climate Research Program. NOAA/NGDC DAVIS, P. EHRLICH, PAUL R. Global Change Database Program. Prototype 1: Database A detailed proeedukre for the use of small scale Global change and carrying capacity: Implications for documentation. NGDC key to geophysical records life on Earth p 26 N91-17454 documentation No. 25. User's manual photography in land use classification INASA-CR-176668] p 20 N86-71872 ELLINGSON, R. G. (PS92-122803] p 30 N92-21439 DAVIS, WILLIAM T. Atmospheric radiation measurement: A program for CAd, CHANGYONG Geostationary orbit Earth science platform concepts for improving radiative forcing and feedback in general Detecting the scale and resolution effects in remote global change monitoring p 3 N92-15471 circulation models sensing and GIS p 16 N93-25707 DEFRIES, RUTH S. [DE92-014263] p 43 N93-70092 CARROLL, BONNIE C. Global Change and Our Common Future. Papers from ELLIOT, GREGORY Data policy and availability supporting global change a Forum Jackson State University's Center for Spatial Data research, development, and decision-making: An {LC-89-62950} p 26 N91-17453 Research and Applications: New facilities and new information perspective DELGENIO, ANTHONY paradigms p 2 N91-28079 INASA-TM-105137] p 13 N91-30592 Accuracy requirements p 46 N94-21642 ENGI, DENNIS CHAd, TIEN-HSIN DENEGRE, J. A qualitative architecture for understanding policy JPL activities on development of acousto-optic tunable Space imagery processing: Methods and applications responses to global change filter imaging spectrometer p 5 N94-16696 at the I.G.N.-France p 19 N83-70161 IDE90-003936} p 23 N90-16364

B-2 PERSONAL AUTHOR INDEX HARRISON, EDWIN F.

ERICKSON, L W. Program on Earth Observation Data Management GLUSHKO, Y. v. A detailed procedukre for the use of small scale Systems (EODMS) Role of landscape research in development of space photography in land use classification i__ _" INASA-CR.175993] p 19 N85.73373 methods for studying Earth p 9 N86-14184 I NASA-CR-176668 } p 20 N86-71872 Program on Earth Observation Data Management GOETZ, ALEXANDER F. H. ESTES, J. E. Systems (EODMS). Preliminary needs analysis report, part Discrimination among semi-arid landscape endmembers Remote Sensing Information Sciences Research Group, 2 using the Spectral Angle Mapper (SAM) algorithm Santa Barbara Information Sciences Research Group, year I NASA.CR.175973 } p 20 N85.73661 p 17 N94.16711 3 Program on Earth Observation Data Management GOHAGAN, J. K. Systems, preliminary needs analysis report INASA-CR-179769] p 11 N86.32863 Program on Earth Observation Data Management ESTES, JOHN E. {NASA-CR-t75981 J p 20 N85-73662 Systems (EODMS) Remote sensing information sciences research group Program on Earth Observation Data Management INASA-CR-175990 J p 19 N85-73372 Systems (EODMS). Preliminary needs analysis report, part INASA-CR-183374J p 11 N89-14481 Program on Earth Observation Data Management 3 Remote sensing information sciences research group: Systems (EODMS) INASA.CR.1759911 p 20 N85.73664 Browse in the EOS era INASA-CR-1759931 p 19 N85.73373 FOX, M. M. INASA-CR-184637] p 11 N89-22979 Program on Earth Observation Data Management Upper Atmosphere Research Satellite (UARS) trade EVANS, ROBERT H. Systems (EODMS). Preliminary needs analysis report, part analysis Remote Earth Sciences data collection using ACTS 2 I NASA-CR-175269] p 2 N85-15774 INASA-CR-195227 p 18 N94-26236 [NASA-CR-175973} p 20 N85.73661 FRAU, ALEJANDRO CONTRERAS Program on Earth Observation Data Management Updating topographic maps using orbital images in a Systems, preliminary needs analysis report microcomputer environment F [NASA-CR.175981 I p 20 N85-73662 IINPE-5409-PRE/1756) p 15 N93-19739 Program on Earth Observation Data Management FREDERICK, JOHN E. FAIRCHILD, P. n. Systems (EODMS), Preliminary needs analysis report, part The detection and interpretation of long-term changes Global warming =mpacts of CFC alternative technologies: 3 in ozone from space Combining fluorocarbon and CO2 effects {NASA-CR-175991] p 20 N85-73664 |NASA-TM.101135] p 21 N88.27650 GOMEZ, G. IDE93-O02347J p 37 N93-22972 FREEMAN, ANTHONY FALCONER, ALLAN Program on stimulating operational private sector use Geographic information system for fusion and analysis of Earth observation satellite information Mapping Tomorrow's Resources: A symposium on the of high-resolution remote sensing and ground truth data [E82-I0131] p 7 N82-21660 uses of remote sensing, Geographic Information Systems p 51 N93-25798 GRANT, K. E. (GIS), and Global Positioning Systems (GPS) for natural Geographic information system for fusion and analysis resources management p 17 N94-24357 Sensitivity of direct global warming potentials to key of high-resolution remote sensing and ground truth data uncertainties FAN, Y. A. p 52 N93-29234 IDE92-041045J p 35 N93-16298 Preliminary study of LANDSAT imageries of Taiwan and FULK, MICHELLE GRAY, H. L its surroundings p 8 N84-35050 Global change data base training exercise manual. Statistical examination of climatological data relevant FARMER, JEFFERY T. Exploring Earth's environment: Africa as an example to global temperature variation Geostationary orbit Earth science platform concepts for IPB92-224682} p 36 N93-21211 {DE91-007881J p 27 N91-19540 global change monitoring p 3 N92-15471 FULKERSON, W. GRAZlANI, M. E. FARRELL, MICHAEL The dilemma of fossil fuel use and global climate Geographic research in the US Geological Survey: TRENDS '90: A compendium of data on global change Bibliography, 1966- 1980 change [DE91-007859] p 27 N91-19533 { USGS-CIRC-865] p42 N83-11639 |DE91-000587| p 25 N91-15632 FUNG, I. GREENFIELD, S. M. FEARNSlDE, PHILIP M. The Greenhouse Effect: Projections of global climate Sensitivity of a regional oxidant model to variations in Carbon emissions and sequestration in forests: Case change p 41 N88-70493 climate parameters, volume 1 and 2 studies from seven developing countries. Volume 2: I PB89-224943 } p 22 N90-12981 Greenhouse gas emissions from deforestration in the Brazilian Amazon G GRIN, A. M. Soviet participation in FIFE-1989 remote sensing study IDE93-0015261 p 34 N93-16092 p 13 N91-30173 FELDMAN, D. L GADDIS, L GROSE, WILLIAM Iterative functionalism and climate management Space Shuttle radar (SIR-A) views near-East The Payload Advisory Panel and the Data and regimes: From intergovemmental panel on climate change volcanoes Information System Advisory Panel of the Investigators to intergovemmental negotiating committee I NASA-CR-175944 } p43 N85-73230 Working Group of the Earth Observing System: A joint {DE92-014798 ] p 32 N92-31696 GARDNER, ROBERT H. report FEREBEE, MELVIN J., JR. Potential responses of landscape boundaries to global (NASA.TM.109847] p 19 N94-34018 Hoop column soil moisture spacecraft in low Earth orbit environmental change GUNST, R. F. for global change monitoring p 3 N92-15470 [DE90-008568] p 26 N91-16451 Statistical examination of climatological data relevant FERNANDEZ, R. NORBERTO GARMAN, T. R. to global temperature variation NASA applications project in Miami County, Indiana |DE91-007881} p 27 N91.19540 INASA-CR-187916| p 12 N91-17438 Experimental philosophy leading to a small scale digital FERRALL, C. data base of the conterminous United States for designing experiments with remotely sensed data Space Shuttle radar (SIR-A) views near-East H volcanoes |NASA-TM-85009] p 50 N85-28877 GARN, PAUL A. INASA-CR-175944| p 43 N85-73230 HALLS, JOANNE Sunsynchronous low Earth orbit spacecraft concepts FISCHER, S. K. Remote sensing for urban planning and technology requirements for global change Global warming impacts of CFC alternative technologies: p 18 N94-32465 monitoring p2 N92-15469 Combining fluorocarbon and CO2 effects HAMPTON, G. [DE93-002347( p 37 N93-22972 Geostationary orbit Earth science platform concepts for A detailed procedukre for the use of small scale FLAI-rE, S. global change monitoring p 3 N92-15471 photography in land use classification Global change and the dark of the moon GARRETr, L BERNARD INASA-CR.176668] p 20 N86-71872 lAD-A2.55181} p 52 N93-12380 Global change technology architecture trade study HANSEN, J. FLOYD, C. L [NASA-TM-104128] p 29 N92-15464 The Greenhouse Effect: Projections of global climate What's past is prologue: Supporting global change Sunsynchronous low Earth orbit spacecraft concepts change p 41 N88-70493 research with historical data and technology requirements for global change HANSEN, JAMES [DE93-005777] p 38 N93-30009 monitoring p 2 N92-15469 Climate forcings and feedbacks p 46 N94-21641 FOERNSLER, LYNDA GARWlN, R. HANSON, H. P. Plots of ground coverage achieveable by global change Small satellites and RPA's in global-change research Thermohaline circulations and global climate change monitoring instruments and spacecraft {AD-A260762] p 38 N93-25837 [DE91-007458] p 27 N91-19537 p 14 N92-15476 GERY, M. W. Thermohaline circulations and global climate change FORESTI, CELINA Sensitivity of a regional oxidant model to variations in |DE93-004601] p 36 N93-19505 Proposed methodology for the study of urban climate parameters, volume 1 and 2 HARLEY, P. environment and space structure in metropolitan area |PB89-224943) p 22 N90-12981 Modeling the response of plants and ecosystems to IINPE-5203.PRE/1665] p 2 N91-21216 GIBSON, GARY G. global change FORTSON, N. IDE91.017403} p 28 N91.32587 Satellite orbit considerations for a global change Small satellites and RPAs in global-change research, HARRIS, GRAHAM technology architecture trade study summary and conclusions INASA*TM-104081 ) p 44 N91.25557 The Payload Advisory Panel and the Data and [AD-A247655) p 3 N92-27388 Information System Advisory Panel of the Investigators Science requirements for a global change technology Small satellites and RPA's in global-chaoge research Working Group of the Earth Observing System: A joint architecture trade study lAD-A260762] p 38 N93-25837 report [NASA-TM-104082] p 45 N91-25558 FOSHAGE, J. [NASA.TM-109847] p 19 N94.34018 Program on stimulating operational private sector use Science requirements for a global change technology HARRISON, EDWIN F. initiative architecture trade study p 29 N92-15465 of Earth observation satellite information Satellite orbit considerations for a global change IE82-10131} p 7 N82-21660 Satellite orbit considerations for a global change technology architecture trade study FOUTCH, T. K. technology architecture trade study p 1 N92-15466 [NASA-TM-104081 t p 44 N91-25557 Program on Earth Observation Data Management GILLESPIE, ALAN Science requirements for a global change technology Systems (EODMS) Sudden climate change: The land surface record architecture trade study ( NASA-CR-175990 } p 19 N85-73372 [NASA-CR-191691 } p 41 N93-71155 INASA-TM-104082} p 45 N91-25558

B-3 HARTMANN, DENNIS PERSONAL AUTHOR INDEX

Science requirements for a global change technology HOELL, JAMES M., JR. JOHNSON, JAY K. initiative architecture trade study p 29 N92.15465 Applications of ISES for the atmospheric sciences Settlement patterns, GIS. remote sensing, and the late Satellite orbit considerations for a global change p 42 N90-27155 prehistory of the Black Prairie in east central Mississippi technology architecture trade study p 1 N92.15466 HOFFERT, M. I. p 21 N94-71229 HARTMANN, DENNIS The role of clouds and oceans in global greenhouse JOHNSON, W. F. The Payload Advisory Panel and the Data and warming Global warming: Transportation and energy Information System Advisory Panel of the Investigators [DE93-0162061 p 38 N94-f3079 considerations, 1990 Working Group of the Earth Observing System: A joint HOLBEN, BRENT N. IPB91.118919) p27 N91-20567 report Sunphotometer network for monitoring aerosol JUDKINS, R. R. INASA-TM.1098471 p 19 N94-34018 properties in the Brazilian Amazon p 17 N94-2096t The dilemma of fossil fuel use and global climate HASSELMANN, K. change HONEA, R. B. Ocean variability and its influence on the detectability JDE91-007859] p 27 N9t-19533 What's past is prologue: Supporting global change of greenhouse warming spgnals JUTRO, PETER R. research with historical data fDE94-008670] p 48 N94-32881 Scientific linkages in global change [DEg3-005777] p 38 N93-30009 HASTINGS, DAVID I PB90-112608J p23 N90-t6356 HOOD, VALERIE ANNE Global change data base training exercise manual. International cooperation in remote sensing: The ESA Exploring Earth's environment: Africa as an example experience p 52 N88-24038 K (PB92-224682l p 36 N93-21211 HAYS, CYNTHIA J. HOOKER, L K. Biophysical characterization and surface radiation Experimental philosophy leading to a small scale digital KANClRUK, PAUL balance data base of the conterminous United States for designing TRENDS '90: A compendium of data on global I NASA-CR-194659 J p 39 N94-17762 experiments with remotely sensed data change HAYS, T. R. (NASA-TM-85009] p 50 N85-28877 ]DE91-000587J p 25 N91.15632 Program on Earth Observation Data Management HUGHES, M. K. KANE, ROBERT Systems (EODMS) Reconstruction of spatial patterns of climatic anomalies Global climate change: A fossil energy perspective (NASA-CR-175990] p 19 N85-73372 during the medieval warm period (AD 900-1300) [DE90-003770] p 23 N90-15541 Program on Earth Observation Data Management (DE94-006637] p 47 N94-72025 KAPITONOVA, N. Vo Systems (EODMS) HUGHES, P. J. Use of a priori evaluation of conditions for observing (NASA-CR-175993) p 19 N85-73373 Global warming impacts of CFC alternative technologies: Earth's surface from space for effective choice of time Program on Earth Observation Data Management Combining fluorocarbon and CO2 effects for executing survey p 10 N86-20260 Systems (EODMS). Preliminary needs analysis report, part [DE93-002347] p 37 N93.22972 KAUFMAN, Y. A. 2 Sunphotometer network for monitoring aerosol HUNSAKER, DONALD B., JR. properties in the Brazilian Amazon p 17 N94-20961 ] NASA-CR-175973 ) p20 N85.73661 Global climate change and NEPA (National KEAFER, LLOYD Program on Earth Observation Data Management Environmental Policy Act) analyses Selection of representative instruments for a global Systems, preliminary needs analysis report [DE90-003704J p 22 N90-f5540 I NASA-CR-175981] p 20 N85-73662 change technology architecture trade study HUNTLEY, JACK E. Program on Earth Observation Data Management p 5 N92-15467 Global Climate Change (GCC) issues and their impacts Systems (EODMS). Preliminary needs analysis report, part KEMP, P. R. on the US Army Corps of Engineers 3 Modeling the response of plants and ecosystems to lAD-A247279] p 34 N93-11466 INASA-CR-175991) p 20 N85-73664 global change HYPES, WARREN D. HEAVENRICH, ROBERT M. IDE91-017403] p 28 N91.32587 Global change technology architecture trade study Options for controlling the global warming impact from KENSKI, D. M. motor vehicles (NASA.TM-104128] p 29 N92-15464 US energy use: New technologies and policies in [PB90-161688] p 23 N90-28142 Selection of representative instruments for a global response to global warming HELLMAN, KARL H. change technology architecture trade study [DE90-002170] p 22 N90-14724 Options for controlling the global warming impact from p 5 N92-15467 KERCHER, Jo R. motor vehicles Options in the global change fleet architecture provided A computer simulation of ecosystem processes in forests ]PB90-161688] p 23 N90-28142 by the presence of an EOS-A and -B p 3 N92-15472 for application to air pollution, acid precipitation, and global HERBERT, J. J. change Technology needs of advanced Earth observation [DE92-019616] p 34 N93-12927 spacecraft KINEMAN, J. J. ( NASA-CR-3698] p 2 N84.17248 Global ecosystems database. Version 0.1 (beta-test) HEYMAN, P. J. IMHOFF, M. L EPA Global Climate Research Program. NOAA/NGDC Experimental philosophy leading to a small scale digital Second Eastern Regional Remote Sensing Applications Global Change Database Program. Prototype t: Database data base of the conterminous United States for designing Conference documentation. NGDC key to geophysical records experiments with remotely sensed data [E83-10189} p 7 N83-19141 documentation No. 25. User's manual [NASA-TM.85009] p 50 N85.28877 IRWIN, N. A. [PB92-122803] p 30 N92-21439 HIGG, H. C. Global warming: Transportation and energy Global ecosystems database. Version 1.0 (on CD-ROM). NASA's land remote sensing plans for the 1980's considerations, 1990 EPA global climate research program. NOAA/NGDC global p 8 N85-23224 [PB91-118919] p 27 N91-20567 change database program. User's guide. Volume t. NGDC NILBERT, D. W. ISMAILOV, T. key to geophysical records documentation No. 26 Modeling the response of plants and ecosystems to Azerbaijan Institute develops subsatellite measurement IPB93-146082] p 37 N93-24334 global change systems p 8 N84-31238 Global ecosystems database. Version 1.0 (on CD-ROM). [DE91-017403] p 28 N91.32587 EPA global climate research program. NOAA/NGDC global HILL, C. T. change database program. Documentation manual, Program on Earth Observation Data Management J DISC,-A. Volume 1. NGDC key to geophysical records Systems (EODMS) documentation No. 27 [NASA-CR-175990] p 19 N85-73372 JACK, ROBERT F. [PB93-146090] p 37 N93-24645 Program on Earth Observation Data Management Data policy and availability supporting global change KING, CHARLES B. Systems (EODMS) research, development, and decision-making: An Geostationary orbit Earth science platform concepts for ]NASA-CR-175993] p 19 N85-73373 information perspective global change monitoring p 3 N92-15471 Program on Earth Observation Data Management [NASA-TM-105137] p 13 N91-30592 KIRKPATRICK, B. Systems (EODMS). Preliminary needs analysis report, part JACKSON, CHERYL C. 2 Program on stimulating operational private sector use Geostetionary orbit Earth science platform concepts for of Earth observation satellite information [NASA-CR-175973] p 20 N85-73661 global change monitoring p 3 N92-15471 |E82-10131] p 7 N82-21660 Program on Earth Observation Data Management JAIN, A. K. Systems, preliminary needs analysis report KNIGHT, HEATHER R. Sensitivity of direct global warming potentials to key [NASA-CR-175981] p 20 N85-73662 Selection of representative instruments for a global uncertainties Program on Earth Observation Data Management change technology architecture trade study [DE92-041045} p 35 N93-16298 Systems (EODMS). Preliminary needs analysis report, part p 5 N92-15467 3 JAMNK, ANTHONY Plots of ground coverage aehieveable by global change (NASA-CR-175991] p 20 N85-73664 Selection of representative instruments for a global monitoring instruments and spacecraft HILLAND, J. E. change technology architecture trade study p 14 N92-15476 Data sets and products p 47 N86-16856 p 5 N92-15467 KONIG, B. HILLSMAN, E. L JAMIESON, DALE Program on stimulating operational private sector use Global warming: Transportation and energy Global change and biediversity loss: Some impediments of Earth observation satellite information considerations, 1990 to response p 27 N91-22622 |E82-10131] p 7 N82-21660 IPB91-118919] p27 N91-20567 JANETOS, ANTHONY C. KOOMEY, J. HILSENRATH, ERNEST Scientific linkages in global change Incorporating global warming risks in power sector The detection and interpretation of long-term changes |PS90-112608] p 23 N90-16356 planning, Volume 1: A case study of the New England in ozone from space JENSEN, JOHN R. region (NASA-TM-101135] p 21 N88-27650 Remote sensing for urban planning [DEg3-015241] p 39 N94-17289 HOECK, H. p 18 N94.32465 KOONIN, S. Ocean variability and its influence on the detectability JOHANNSEN, CHRIS J. Small satellites and RPAs in global-change research,

of greenhouse warming signals NASA applications project in Miami County, Indiana summary and conclusions (DE94-008670] p 48 N94-32881 {NASA-CR-187916) p 12 N91-17438 lAD-A247855| p 3 N92-27388

B-4 PERSONAL AUTHOR INDEX MOUGINIS-MARK, P.

Global change and the dark of the moon LONGSTRETH, J. MCDONALD, KYLE C. JAD-A255181 I p 52 N93-12380 Health effects of global warming: Problems in A summary of microwave remote sensing investigations KOZODEROV, V. V. assessment planned for BOREAS p 17 N94.15914 Soviet participation in FIFE-1989 remote sensing study [DE93-040323J p 39 N94o19930 MCDONNELL, MICHAEL p 13 N91-30173 LOUSMA, JACK R. Scan-line methods in spatial data systems KRAUSE, F. Earth science information: Planning for the integration IAD-A2311651 p 50 N91-21973 Incorporating global warming risks in power sector and use of global change information MCELROY, M. INASA-CR-191217] p 51 N93-12660 planning. Volume 1: A case study of the New England Global Change: A Biogeochemical Perspective region Earth science information: Planning for the integration [NASA-CR-173210] p 21 N84-16656 IDE93-015241] p 39 N94-17289 and use of global change information MCEWEN, R. S. KUGELMANN, D. INASA-CR-191208J p 51 N93-12680 Research, investigations and technical developments: Second Eastern Regional Remote Sensing Applications LOZANO-GARCIA, D. FABIAN National mapping program, 1983-1984 Conference NASA applications project in Miami County, Indiana IPB86-166097] p 11 N86-26675 IE83-t0189] p 7 N83-19141 INASA-CR-187916] p 12 N91.17438 MCVEY, SALLY KUX, HERMANN JOHANN HEINRICH LUDWIG, R. W. Research in geosciences policy GIS: Geographic Information Systems. State of the art Experimental philosophy leading to a small scale digital INASA-CR-188038J p 27 N91-22619 and future tendencies data base of the conterminous United States for designing A remote sensing applications update: Results of IINPE-5358-NTC/301] p 51 N92-32227 experiments with remotely sensed data [NASA-TM-85009] p 50 N85-28877 interviews with Earth Observations Commercialization LUKASHEVICH, YoL. Program (EOCAP) participants p 28 N91-22623 L Use of a priori evaluation of conditions for observing MERCANTI, ENRICO P. Earth's surlace from space for effective choice of time Need for expanded environmental measurement LABOVITZ, M. L for executing survey p 10 N86-20260 capabilities in geosynchrenous Earth orbit LUMMAUX, J. C. INASA-CR-183487] p 29 N92.14490 Experimental philosophy leading to a small scale digital Space imagery processing: Methods and applications MERCHANT, J. W. data base of the conterminous United States for designing at the I.G.N.-France p 19 N83-70161 expedments with remotely sensed data Research on enhancing the utilization of digital [NASA-TM.85009 ] p 50 N85-28877 multispoctral data and geographic information systems in LACIS, A. M global habitability studies INASA-CR.177294] p 10 N86-26669 The Greenhouse Effect: Projections of global climate MESARCH, MARK A. change p 41 N88-70493 MACCRACKEN, MICHAEL C. Biophysical characterization and surface radiation LAMBERToNEBOUT, C. Climate projections with regional resolution balance A comparative study of SAR data compression [DE90-000858] p 22 N90-14715 {NASA-CR-194659] p 39 N94-17762 schemes p 49 N94-28259 MACDONALD, G. LASHOF, DANIEL A. Global change and the dark of the moon MICK, MARK Policy options for stabilizing global climate. Volume 1: lAD-A255181( p 52 N93-12380 Remote sensing and the Mississippi high accuracy Chapters 1*6 MAEDA, KOREHIRO reference network p 19 N94-32466 IPB90-182304| p 23 N90-28146 Processing and analysis evaluation of SAR.580 data and MIKOLAJEWICZ, U. LAU, WILLIAM MOS-1 airborne verification data Ocean variability and its influence on the detectability The Payload Advisory Panel and the Data and | NASDA-CP-03-8 J p20 N90-70417 of greenhouse warming signals Information System Advisory Panel of the Investigators MAIER-REIMER, E. [DE94-008670] p 48 N94.32881 Working Group of the Earth Observing System: A joint Ocean variability and its influence on the detectability MISENClK, TOM report of greenhouse warming signals More sense for less cents: Cost effective servicing of [NASA-TM-109847] p 19 N94-34018 [DE94-008670] p 48 N94-32881 remote sensing satellites p 50 N94-11572 LEBEDEFF, S. MAKIN, K. P. MISHEV, Do The Greenhouse Effect: Projections of global climate Program on Earth Observation Data Management Contribution to space program reviewed change p 41 N88*70493 Systems (EODMS). Preliminary needs analysis report, part p 1 N85-26834 LEBERL, FRANZ 2 MITSUO, FERNANDO AUGUSTA, II Geographic information system for fusion and analysis INASA-CR-175973] p 20 N85.73661 Analysis and modelling of spatial data proposal of a of high-resolution remote sensing and ground truth data Program on Earth Observation Data Management system for CBERS Systems, preliminary needs analysis report p 51 N93.25798 IINPE-4911-PRE/1512J p 12 N90-21445 [NASA-CR-175981J p 20 N85-73662 Geographic information system for fusion and analysis MODESTODESOUZA, RICARDO CARTAXO of high-resolution remote sensing and ground truth data Program on Earth Observation Data Management Analysis and modelling of spatial data proposal of a p 52 N93-29234 Systems (EODMS). Preliminary needs analysis report, part system for CBERS LEDUC, SHARON K. 3 |INPE-4911-PRE/1512J p 12 N90-21445 General circulation model output for forest climate ( NASA-CR-175991 ] p20 N85-73664 MOORE, BERRIEN, III change research and applications MAKUNDI, WILLY Payload advisory panel recommendations IPB93.124626] p 37 N93-24015 Carbon emissions and sequestration in forests: Case LEE, DAVID CHUNG LIANG studies from seven developing countries. Volume 2: (NASA-TM-108012] p 1 N93-11528 The Payload Advisory Panel and the Data and Multisensor remote sensing data and GIS techniques Greenhouse gas emissions from deforestration in the Information System Advisory Panel of the Investigators for monitoring preservation areas: A case study Brazilian Amazon Working Group of the Earth Observing System: A joint IINPE-5317-PRE/1714J p 16 N94-14131 [DE93-001526J p 34 N93-16092 LEE, JEANNIE MALONE, THOMAS F. report INASA-TM-109847] p 19 N94-34018 More sense for less cents: Cost effective servicing of Global Change and Our Common Future. Papers from a Forum MOORE, G. E. remote sensing satellites p 50 N94-11572 LEEMANS, R. [LC-89-62950] p 26 N91-17453 Sensitivity of a regional oxidant model to variations in climate parameters, volume 1 and 2 Equilibrium-analysis of projected climate change effects MARLAND, G. [PB89-224943| p 22 N90-12981 on the global soil organic matter pool Global climate change: Some implications, opportunities, MORGAN, R. P. [PB92-153022] p 31 N92.26509 and challenges for US forestry LELIEVELD, JOSEPH [DE92-040874] p 35 N93°17209 Program on Earth Observation Data Management Systems (EODMS) Radiative forcing of climate p 33 N93-11094 MARTINKO, E. A. INASA-CR-175990] p 19 N85-73372 LEMARSHALL, JOHN Research on enhancing the utilization of digital Program on Earth Observation Data Management The Payload Advisory Panel and the Data and multispectral data and geographic information systems in Systems (EODMS) Information System Advisory Panel of the Investigators global habitability studies [NASA-CR.1759931 p 19 N85.73373 Working Group of the Earth Observing System: A joint (NASA-CR-177294] p 10 N86-26669 report MASSONNET, D. Program on Earth Observation Data Management A comparative study of SAR data compression Systems (EODMS). Preliminary needs analysis report, part INASA-TM-109847] p 19 N94-34018 2 LEMOS, MARIA CARMEN DEMELLO schemes p 49 N94-28259 |NASA-CR-1759731 p 20 N85-73661 Landsat as a commercial enterprise MASUOKA, E. J. Program on Earth Observation Data Management flNPE-5477-TAE/019J p 16 N94-11524 Experimental philosophy leading to a small scale digital Systems, preliminary needs analysis report LEOVY, CONWAY data base of the conterminous United States for designing INASA-CR-175981] p 20 N85-73662 Radiative forcing of climate p 33 N93-11094 expedments with remotely sensed data LESUE, FRED W. |NASA.TM.85009] p 50 N85.28877 Program on Earth Observation Data Management MATSON, PAMELA Systems (EODMS). Preliminary needs analysis report, part NASA/MSFC FY92 Earth Science and Applications 3 Program Research Review Global change and carrying capacity: Implications for INASA-CR-175991] p 20 N85-73664 {NASA-CP.3184J p 45 N93-20067 life on Earth p 26 N91-17454 MORREN, GEORGE E. B., JR. LIU, M. K. MAUGHAN, PAUL M. New technology and regional studies in human ecology: Sensitivity of a regional oxidant model to variations in An assessment of information demands for remote A Papua New Guinea example p 42 N94-71231 climate parameters, volume 1 and 2 sensing and Geographic Information System MORRIS, R. Eo IPB89-224943| p 22 N90-12981 technologies Sensitivity of a regional oxidant model to variations in LIVERMAN, DIANA M. [PB89-159313] p 12 N89-27233 climate parameters, volume 1 and 2 Climate and society in 20th century Mexico MCCORMICK, M. PATRICK lPB89-224943| p 22 N90-12981 p 45 N91-27600 Sixteenth International Laser Radar Conference, part MOUGINIS-MARK, P. LOCKYER, PAUL 1 Space Shuttle radar (SIR-A) views near-East Mission planning for an Earth observation low Earth [AD-A2770771 p 5 N92.29228 volcanoes orbiter: ERS-1 p 50 N94-23868 Radiative forcing of climate p 33 N93.11094 [NASA.CR-175944 J p 43 N85-73230

B-5 MURRAY, NICHOLAS D. PERSONAL AUTHOR INDEX

MURRAY, NICHOLAS D. PATrEN, K. O. REAGAN, J. A. Information data systems for a global change technology Sensitivity of global warming potentials to the assumed Sunphotometer network for monitoring aerosol initiative architecture trade study p 51 N92-15473 background atmosphere properties in the Brazilian Amazon p 17 N94-20961 MURRELL, J. D. IDE92-011072] p31 N92-27417 RECK, R. Options for controlling the global warming impact from Sensitivity of direct global warming potentials to key National US public policy on global warming derived from motor vehicles uncertainties optimization of energy use and environmental impact I PB90-161688] p23 N90-26142 [DE92-041045J p 35 N93-16298 studies Quantified estimates of total GWPs for greenhouse {DE94.0046061 p 40 N94-32790 N gases taking into account tropospheric chemistry REED, ROBERT M. IDE94-007846] p 40 N94-32817 Global climate change and NEPA (National Environmental Policy Act) analyses NARUMALANI, SUNIL PEPLIES, R. W. [DE90°003704] p 22 N90-15540 Remote sensing for urban planning What's past is prologue: Supporting global change RENNE, D. S. p 18 N94-32465 research with historical data Atmospheric radiation measurement: A program for NAUNHEIMER, J. IDE93-005777J p 38 N93-30009 improving radiative forcing and feedback in general Soil conservation applications with C-band SAR PEREIRA, ALFREDO circulation models p 48 N94-16760 Sunphotometer network for monitoring aerosol IDE92-014263] p 43 N93-70092 NEANDER, JOHN E. properties in the Brazilian Amazon p 17 N94-20961 REYES, GEORGE Global Climate Change (GCC) issues and their impacts PERKEY, DONALD J. JPL activities on development of acousto-optic tunable on the US Army Corps of Engineers Global change research related to the Earth's energy filter imaging spectrometer p 5 N94-16696 IAD-A247279J p 34 N93-11466 and hydrologic cycle REYNOLDS, J. F. NEBB, J. INASA-CR-t95270J p 40 N94.27430 Modeling the response of plants and ecosystems to Upper Atmosphere Research Satellite (UARS) trade PEROUTKY, J. D. global change analysis APPS-4 (Analytical Photogrammetdc Processing [DE91-017403 ] p 28 N91-32587 ]NASA-CR-175269] p 2 N85-16774 System-t) remote sensing applications guide RIND, D. NELEPO, B. lAD.A134977] p 8 N84-17676 The Greenhouse Effect: Projections of global climate Nelepo describes Intercosmos-Black Sea experiment PERRY, JOHN S. change p 41 N88.70493 p 47 N84-18257 The US global change research program: Early ROBERTODOSSANTOS, JOAO NELSON, M. achievements and future directions p 36 N93.18864 Multisensor remote sensing data and GIS techniques Exploring global change: The benefits and PETERSON, GARY L for monitoring preservation areas: A case study disadvantages of microsatellite, light.satellite, and Analysis of LARI sensor system [INPE-5317-PRE/1714] p 16 N94-14131 megasatellite architectures [DE93-006334] p 37 N93-24977 ROBERTSON, BILL IDE92-009513] p 41 N92-70838 PFISTERER, RICHARD N. More sense for less cents: Cost effective servicing of NETO, GILBERTO CAMARA Analysis of LARI sensor system remote sensing satellites p 50 N94.11572 Analysis and modelling of spatial data proposal of a [DE93-006334] p 37 N93-24977 RODHE, HENNING system for CBERS PHILLIPS, DONALD L Radiative forcing of climate p 33 N93-11094 ROGRON, B. IINPE-4911-PRE/1512] p 12 N90-21445 Effects of global climate change on agroecosystems: NITZE, W. A. Scope of work A comparative study of SAR data compression schemes p 49 N94-28259 The uses and limits of economic models as a climate [PB90-120023] p 23 N90-18813 ROLLER, N. E. G. change policy tool PILON, PAUL GILLIES A fuelwood plantation site selection procedure using I DE92-015792J p 34 N93-12474 Integrating satellite imagery into a geographic geographic information system technology: A case study NIU, XUFENG information system for monitoring the downstream impacts in support of the NASA Global Habitability Program The detecl_ and interpretation of long-term changes of dam construction on floodplain agriculture in Sekoto [NASA-CR-179704t p 11 N86-32828 in ozone from space State, Nigeria p 15 N93-14823 ROMANOFF, STEVEN I NASA-TM.101135J p21 N88-27650 PINTODEGARRIDO, JUAN CARLOS Traditional anthropology and geographical information NJOKU, E. G. Analysis and modelling of spatial data proposal of a systems in the collaborative study of Cassava in Africa Data sets and products p 47 N86-16856 system for CBERS p 52 N94-71237 NORIKANE, L (INPE-4911-PRE/1512] p 12 N90-21445 ROSS, ROGARD T. PISAREVSKIY, I. F. Geographic information system for fusion and analysis Selection of representative instruments for a global of high-resolution remote sensing and ground truth data Determining characteristics of optical radiation reflectors change technology architecture trade study p 62 N93-29234 based on results of remote sensing p 8 N85-25358 p 5 N92.15467 PORCH, W. M. Options in the global change fleet architecture provided Application of optical remote sensing to the study of by the presence of an EOS-A and -B p 3 N92.15472 O surface fluxes related to cloud formation ROWELL, LAWRENCE F. [DE93-003783] p 45 N93-25125 Advanced technology needs for a global change science OGLESBY, R. J. PORTNEY, PAUL R. program: Perspective of the Langley Research Center Sensitivity of climate models: Comparison of simulated Assessing and managing the risks of climate change [NASA-TM-4196] p 12 N91°14634 and observed patterns for past climates p 28 N92-10233 ROYSE, P. H. {DE92-002820] p 30 N92-16503 POSTUCHOW, J. R. Program on Earth Observation Data Management OHRENSCHALL, M. A. Technology needs of advanced Earth observation Systems (EODMS). Preliminary needs analysis report, part Global ecosystems database. Version 1.0 (on CD-ROM). spacecraft 2 EPA global climate research program. NOAA/NGDC global INASA-CR-3698] p 2 N84-17248 INASA-CR-175973] p 20 N85-73661 change database program. Documentation manual, POULAIN, J. Program on Earth Observation Data Management DISC-A. Volume 1. NGDC key to geophysical records Space imagery processing: Methods and applications Systems, preliminary needs analysis report documentation No. 27 at the LG.N.-France p 19 N83-70161 [NASA-CR-175981] p 20 N85-73662 lPB93-146090] p 37 N93-24645 POWER, M. A. Program on Earth Observation Data Management ONEILL, R. V. Program on Earth Observation Data Management Systems (EODMS). Preliminary needs analysis report, part Hierarchy theory and global change Systems (EODMS) 3 [DE86-005154] p 44 N86-31190 [NASA-CR-175990] p 19 N85-73372 [ NASA-CR-175991] p20 N85-73664 RUEDY, R. ONEILL, ROBERT V. Program on Earth Observation Data Management Potential responses of landscape boundaries to global Systems (EODMS) The Greenhouse Effect: Projections of global climate environmental change [NASA-CR-175993] p 19 N85-73373 change p 41 N88-70493 [DE90-008568] p 26 N91-16451 PRELL, W. L RUSSELL, Go OSNER, G. T. Sensitivity of climate models: Comparison of simulated The Greenhouse Effect: Projections of global climate change p 41 N88-70493 Program on Earth Observation Data Management and observed patterns for past climates Systems (EODMS) |DE92-002820] p 30 N92-16503 INASA-CR-175993] p 19 N85-73373 PRICE, C. S Lightning, atmospheric electricity, and climate change

[DE94-002003] p 46 N94-23471 SALK, MARTHA S. P PRINN, RONALD G. Global climate change and NEPA (National The role of lidars in global change research Environmental Policy Act) analyses p 31 N92-29235 PANNETI', R. A, I DE90*003704 } p 22 N90-15540 Acquisition of satellite remote sensing data in the SALOMONSON, V. V. Meteorological Service p 47 N85-74434 R Characterizing user requirements for future land PARADA, N. D. J. observing satellites Brazilian Remote Sensing Shuttle Experiment RABIN, R. [NASA-TM-83867] p 6 N82-17562 (BRESEX): Characteristics and future utilization on Analysis of lidar, radar and satellite measurements on SANGHVI, M. K. satellites severe thunderstorms and their environments The dilemma of fossil fuel use and global climate IINPE-3313-PRE/620] p 5 N85-19385 p 43 N84-34864 change PATRINOS, A. A. RAMANSWAMY, V. IDE91-007859] p 27 N91-19533 Atmospheric radiation measurement: A program for Radiative forcing of climate p 33 N93-11094 SANTER, B. D. improving radiative forcing and feedback in general RAYNER, S. Ocean variability and its influence on the detectability circulation models Global change research: Science and policy of greenhouse warming signals IDE92-014263l p 43 N93-70092 IDE93-015675] p 39 N94-16445 IDE94-008670J p 48 N94-32881

B-6 PERSONAL AUTHOR INDEX TIRPAK, DENNIS A,

SARICKS, C. L SLUTSKER, I. STOSS, F. W. Global warming: Transportation and energy Sunphotometer network for monitoring aerosol TRENDS '90: A compendium of data on global considerations. 1990 properties in the Brazilian Amazon p 17 N94-20961 change I PB91-1189191 p 27 N91-20567 SMITH, JOEL B. [ DE91-0005871 p 25 N91-15632 SATHAYE, JAYANT Potential effects of global climate change on the United Trends 1991: A compendium of data on global change Carbon emissions and sequestration in forests: Case States. Appendix C: Agriculture, volume 1 IDE92-011733J p 32 N92-31907 studies from seven developing countries. Volume 2: [PB90-17!5881 p24 N91-10394 STOSS, FREDERICK W. Greenhouse gas emissions from deforestration in the Potenti_ effects of global climate change on the United Trends '91: A compendium of data on global change. Brazilian Amazon States. Appendix A: Water resources Highlights [DE93-001526] p 34 N93-16092 fPB90.171968) p 24 N91-10395 [DE93-003112J p 38 N93.25144 SCHARTEL, W. A. Potential effects of global climate change on the United STREETS, D. G. Technology needs of advanced Earth observation States Appendix B: Sea level rise US energy use: New technologies and policies in spacecraft [PB90-172628] p 24 N91-10396 response to global warming Potential effects of global climate change on the United [ NASA-CR-3698J p 2 N84-17248 [ DE90-0021701 p22 N90-14724 SCHIFFER, ROBERT A. States. Appendix C: Agriculture, volume 2 STREETS, DAVID G. The detection of climate change due to the enhanced IPB90-171596] p 24 N91-10397 Responding to the threat of global warming: Options greenhouse effect Potential effects of global climate change on the United for the Pacific and Asia States. Appendix D: Forests [NASA-TM-t07968J p 31 N92-31258 IDE90-014756J p 24 N90-28918 SCHMIDT, NICHOLAS IPB90-173238] p 24 N91-10398 SUNDARA-RAJAN, A. Potential effects of global climate change on the United Remote sensing for urban planning Analysis of lidar, radar and satellite measurements on States. Appendix E: Aquatic resources p 18 N94-32465 severe thunderstorms and their environments SCHNETZLER, C. C. IPB90-172297] p 25 N91-10399 p 43 N84-34864 Potential effects of global climate change on the United Characterizing user requirements for future land SUTTLES, JOHN T. observing satellites States. Appendix F: Air quality Satellite orbit considerations for a global change INASA-TM-83867] p 6 N82-17562 (PB90-172230] p 25 N91-10400 technology architecture trade study SEDJO, ROGER A. Potential effects of global climate change on the United [NASA-TM.104081| p 44 N91-25557 Climate and forests p 28 N92-10234 States. Appendix G: Health Science requirements for a global change technology SELLMAN, A. N. [PB90-173881] p 25 N91.10401 architecture trade study Potential effects of global climate change on the United A fuelwood plantation site selection procedure using INASA-TM-104082] p 45 N91-25558 geographic information system technology: A case study States. Appendix H: Infrastructure Science requirements for a global change technology in support of the NASA Global Habitability Program [PB90-172313] p 25 N91-10402 initiative architecture trade study p 29 N92.15465 [NASA-CR-179704} p 11 N86-32828 Potential effects of global climate change on the United Satellite orbit considerations for a global change SEPANSKI, R. J. States. Appendix I: Variability technology architecture trade study p 1 N92-15466 TRENDS '90: A compendium of data on global |PB90-173899] p 25 N91-10403 change Potential effects of global climate change on the United SWISSLER, THOMAS J. IDE91-000587J p 25 N91-15632 States. Appendix J: Policy Advanced technology needs for a global change science program: Perspective of the Langley Research Center Trends 1991: A compendium of data on global change | PB90-173188 ] p25 N91-10404 IDE92-011733 J p32 N92-31907 SMITH, T. INASA-TM-4196J p 12 N91-14634 SEPANSKI, ROBERT J. Remote Sensing Information Sciences Research Group, Trends '91: A compendium of data on global change. Santa Barbara Information Sciences Research Group, year T Highlights 3 [DE93-003112] p 38 N93-25144 [NASA-CR.179769] p 11 N86-32863 TABACK, ISRAEL SE't'r LE, M. SMITH, TERENCE Satellite orbit considerations for a global change NASA's land remote sensing plans for the 1980's Remote sensing information sciences research group technology architecture trade study p 8 N85-23224 [NASA-CR-183374| p 11 N89-14481 [NASA-TM.104081 J p 44 N91-25557 SE'I-ZER, A. SOLOMON, ALLEN M. Satellite orbit considerations for a global change Sunphotometer network for monitoring aerosol Climate and forests p 28 N92-10234 technology architecture trade study p 1 N92-15466 properties in the Brazilian Amazon p 17 N94-20961 SOUTH, DAVID W. Sunsynchronous low Earth orbit spacecraft concepts SEVERIN, B. A. B. Global climate change: A fossil energy perspective and technology requirements for global change International Conference on the Role of the Polar JDEg0-003770] p 23 N90-15541 monitoring p 2 N92-t5469 Regions in Global Change: Proceedings, volume 1 SOUTHWORTH, F. TAMARESlS, J. S. I DE92-013652 J p33 N93-11232 Quantified estimates of total GWPs for greenhouse International Conference on the Role of the Polar Global warming: Transportation and energy considerations, 1990 gases taking into account tropospheric chemistry Regions in Global Change: Proceedings, volume 2 |PB91-118919] p 27 N91-20567 [DE94-007846l p 40 N94-32817 [DE92-0136531 p 33 N93-11233 TANRE, D. SHAW, W. I. SPENCER, ROY W. Sunphotometer network for monitoring aerosol Global temperature variations p 45 N93.20068 Application of optical remote sensing to the study of properties in the Brazilian Amazon p 17 N94-20961 SPIERING, BRUCE surface fluxes related to cloud formation TATENO, SATOSHI [DE93-003783] p 45 N93-25125 Commercial applications multispectral sensor system NASDA's view of ground control in mission operations SHELTON, G. p 16 N93-25615 p 4 N94-23835 A detailed procedukre for the use of small scale STAR, J. L THIBAULT, DAVID A. photography in land use classification Remote Sensing Information Sciences Research Group, An assessment of information demands for remote [ NASA-CR-176668 ] p 20 N86-71872 Santa Barbara Information Sciences Research Group, year sensing and Geographic Information System SHIMABUKURO, YOSIO EDEMIR 3 technologies Multisensor remote sensing data and GIS techniques [NASA-CR-179769] p 11 N86-32863 |PB89-159313] p 12 N89-27233 for monitoring preservation areas: A case study STAR, JEFFREY L THOMAS, ROBERT H. IINPE-5317-PRE/1714} p 16 N94-14131 Remote sensing information sciences research group Polar research from satellites SHINE, KEITH {NASA-CR-183374J p 11 N89-14481 [NASA-CR-188025 ] p43 N91-21640 Radiative forcing of climate p 33 N93-11094 Remote sensing information sciences research group: THOMPSON, LESLIE L SHIUE, JIM Browse in the EOS era Potential commercial uses of EOS remote sensing Microwave sensing technology issues related to a global |NASA-CR-184637] p 11 N89-22979 products p 13 N91-24055 change technology architecture trade study STARKS, PATRICK J. THOMSON, K. P. B. p 14 N92-15468 Biophysical characterization and surface radiation Conference on Using Next Generation Earth SIDDIQI, TOUFIC A. balance Observation Satellites: Summary handbook Responding to the threat of global warming: Options p 7 N83-12508 for the Pacific and Asia [NASA-CR-194659] p 39 N94-17762 STARR, LOWELL TIMMERMAN, PETER fDE90-0147561 p 24 N90-28918 Center for Mapping, Ohio State University The Human Dimensions of Global Change: An SlDORENKO, A. V. International Programme on Human Interactions with the Earth sciences from space p 6 N81-76526 p 14 N92-23655 STEIN, R. Earth p 42 N93-71957 SIEVERS, ROBERT E. TIRPAK, DENNIS A. Chemistry of the atmosphere: Its impact on global Program on stimulating operational private sector use of Earth observation satellite information Policy options for stabilizing global climate. Volume 1: change. CHEMRAWN 7: Perspectives and Chapters 1-6 recommendations [E82-10131] p 7 N82-21660 |PB90-1823041 p 23 N90-28146 STEINBERG, MEYER IPB93-180644] p 48 N93-29670 Potential effects of global climate change on the United SIMPSON, JAMES J. Solving global environmental problems through States. Appendix C: Agriculture, volume 1 technological innovation Remote sensing and geographic informations systems: |PB90-171588] p 24 N91-10394 Implications for Global Marine Fisheries |DE90-010018] p 25 N91-16446 Potential effects of global climate change on the United STOKES, G. M. [PB93-149409) p 15 N93.24309 States. Appendix A: Water resources SlRCAR, JAYANTA K. Atmospheric radiation measurement: A program for IPB90-171968| p 24 N91-10395 Development of a prototype spatial information improving radiative forcing and feedback in general Potential effects of global climate change on the United processing system for hydrologic research circulation models States. Appendix B: Sea level rise INASA-CR-191224J p 14 N92-32590 [DE92-0142631 p43 N93-70092 [PB90-172628} p 24 N91-10396 SUNEY, JACK STONE, P. Potential effects of global climate change on the United More sense for less cents: Cost effective servicing of The Greenhouse Effect: Projections of global climate States. Appendix C: Agriculture, volume 2 remote sensing satellites p 50 N94-11572 change p 41 N88-70493 [PB90-171596J p 24 N91-10397

B-7 TOPPING, JOHN C., JR. PERSONAL AUTHOR INDEX

Potential effects of global climate change on the United WANING, R. H. WUEBBLES, DONALD J. States. Appendix D: Forests Driving terrestrial ecosystem models from space Radiative forcing of climate p 33 N93-11094 IPB90-173238 p 24 N91-10398 p 39 N94-15896 Potential effects of global climate change on the United WATTS, E. C. States. Appendix E: Aquatic resources Y Limiting net greenhouse gas emissions in the United I pB90-172297 p 25 N91-I0399 States Potential effects of global climate change on the United YEGOROV, V. V. IDE92-007267J p 30 N92-25313 States. Appendix F: Air quality WAY, JO BEA Tenth Conference of Working Group of Socialist J PS90-172230 p25 N91-10400 Countries on Remote Sensing of Earth under Intercosmos Geographic information system for fusion and analysis Potential effects of global climate change on the United Program p 9 N65-26820 of high-resolution remote sensing and ground truth data States. Appendix G: Health YUHAS, ROBERTA H. p 51 N93-25798 IPB90-173881 p 25 N91.10401 WAY, JOBEA Discrimination among semi-arid landscape endmembers Potential effects of global climate change on the United using the Spectral Angle Mapper (SAM) algorithm Geographic information system for fusion and analysis States. Appendix H: Infrastructure p 17 N94-16711 of high-resolution remote sensing and ground truth data IPB90-172313 p 25 N91-10402 p 52 N93-29234 Potential effects of global climate change on the United EOS SAn: A new approach p 4 N94-15904 States. Appendix I: Variability Z WEBB, 1., III {PB90-173899 p 25 N91-10403 Sensitivity of climate models: Comparison of simulated ZIMMERMAN, M. B. Potential effects of global climate change on the United and observed patterns for past climates States. Appendix J: Policy The uses and limits of economic models as a climate [DE92-002820] p 30 N92-16503 change policy tool f PB90.173188 p 25 N91-10404 WEBER, N. V. TOPPING, JOHN C., JR. IDE92-015792J p 34 N93-12474 Determination of the utility of remote sensing data for Climate change and stratospheric ozone depletion: Need ZRNIC, S. land use/cover analysis in the lower Appalachia region: for more than the current minimalist response Analysis of lidar, radar and satellite measurements on Assessing the utility of remote sensing data for severe thunderstorms and their environments p 41 N88-70502 archeological site recognition TRMPIN, ANDREW SETH p 43 N84-34864 IE86-10021J p 10 N86-17815 The effect of global change and long period tides on WEEKS, W. F. the Earth's rotation and gravitational potential Spacebome SAR and sea ice p 4 N84-16412 p 14 N92-26781 WEINSTEIN, R. H. TRUPPI, LAWRENCE Status and outlook for NASA's Land Remote Sensing General circulation model output for forest climate Program p 7 N83-17988 change research and applications WELLER, G. [PB93-124626J p 37 N93-24015 International Conference on the Role of the Polar TURNER, D. P. Regions in Global Change: Proceedings, volume 1 Equilibrium-analysis of projected climate change effects [DE92-013652] p 33 N93-11232 on the global soil organic matter pool International Conference on the Role of the Polar IPB92-153022} p 31 N92-26509 Regions in Global Change: Proceedings, volume 2 TURNER, MONICA G. [DE92-013653] p 33 N93-11233 Potential responses of landscape boundaries to global WELLER, GUNTER environmental change Proceedings of International Conference on the Role [DE90-008568J p 26 N91-16451 of the Polar Regions in Global Change, volume 1 lAD-A253027] p 32 N92-33578 U Proceedings of International Conference on the Role of the Polar Regions in Global Change, volume 2 UNNINAYAR, SUSHEL [AD-A253028] p 33 N92-33579 WERNER, MARIAN g. The detection of climate change due to the enhanced greenhouse effect X-SAn: The X-band synthetic aperture radar on board [ NASA-TM-107965 ] p 31 N92-31258 the Space Shuttle p 4 N94.15891 WHITMORE, ROY A., JR. Practical applications of remote sensing technology V {NASA-CR-186810] p 12 N90-26377 WILLIAMS, E. R.

VEGAS, P. L Limiting net greenhouse gas emissions in the United States A detailed procedukre for the use of small scale photography in land use classification [DE92-007267] p 30 N92-25313 WILLIAMS, R. S., JR. [NASA-CR-176668] p 20 N86-71872 VELTON, E. H. Process thresholds: Report of Working Group Number 3 p 9 N85-32384 The ESA remote sensing satellite system (ERS-t) WILSON, C. L p 8 N85-20777 International Conference on the Role of the Polar VENKATACHALAM, p. Regions in Global Change: Proceedings, volume 1 Geographic information system and its applications |DE92-013652) p 33 N93-11232 p 14 N92-30915 International Conference on the Role of the Polar VERGARA, OSCAR RICARDO Regions in Global Change: Proceedings, volume 2 Updating topographic maps using orbital images in a [DE92-013653] p 33 N93-11233 microcomputer environment WITT, R. G. JINPE-5409-PRE/1756] p 15 N93-19739 Second Eastam Regional Remote Sensing Applications VERMOTE, E. Conference Sunphotometer network for monitoring aerosol |E83-10169] p 7 N83-19141 properties in the Brazilian Amazon p 17 N94-20961 WOO, KEN VIEIRAMONTEIRO, ANTONIO MIGUEL Microwave sensing technology issues related to a global Satellite image processing using symbolic structures of change technology architecture trade study reduced vision conditions p 14 N92°15468 [INPE-4638-TDL/337J p 49 N89-27367 WOODWARD, W. A. VINOGRADOV, B. V. Statistical examination of climatological data relevant Methods for complex space experiment in USSR for to global temperature variation studying land from manned spacecraft [ DE91-007881] p27 N91-19540 p 9 N86-14181 WOOLLEY, STAN VITOUSEK, PETER Remote sensing and the Mississippi high accuracy Global change and carrying capacity: Implications for reference network p 19 N94-32466 life on Earth p 26 N91-17454 WORREST, ROBERT C. Scientific linkages in global change I PB90-112608 ] p23 N90-16356 W WRIGHT, ROBERT L Global change technology architecture trade study

WALTER-SHEA, ELIZABETH A. |NASA-TM-104128] p 29 N92-15464 WUEBBLES, D. J. Biophysical characterization and surface radiation balance Sensitivity of global warming potentials to the assumed background atmosphere JNASA-CR-194659] p 39 N94-17762 IDE92-011072] p 31 N92-27417 WANE, OUMAR Sensitivity of direct global warming potentials to key Report of the Francophone African Workshop on the uncertainties Human Dimensions of Global Change [DE92-041045] p 35 N93-16298 IHDGCP-FA-001 ] p 41 N93-71749 Quantified estimates of total GWPs for greenhouse WANG, WEI-CHYUNG gases taking into account tropospheric chemistry Radiative forcing of climate p 33 N93-11094 [DE94-007846] p 40 N94-32817

B-8 REPORT NUMBER INDEX

REMOTE SENSING / GLOBAL CHANGE / A Special Bibfiography November 1994

CSM-R-84/86 ...... p 44 N91-17504 # EPA/230/05-89/058-APP-H ...... p 25 N91-10402 # Typical Report Number EPA/230/O5-89/O59.APP-I ...... p 25 N91-10403 #

Index Listing DE86-005154 ...... p 44 N86-31190 # EPA/230/05-89/060-APP-J ...... p 25 N91-10404 # DE87-005034 ...... p 21 N87-22313 # EPA/600/A-92/939 ...... p 31 N92-2S509 # EPA/600/D-89/126 ...... p 23 N90-16356 # DE90-000858 ...... p 22 N90-14715 # EPA/600/R-92/194A ...... p 37 N93-24334 # ON DE90-001791 ...... p 22 N90°14723 # EPA/60O/R-92/194B ...... p 37 N93-24645 # NASA IMICROFICHEI SPONSORED DE90-002170 ...... p 22 N90-14724 # EPA/600/R-92/217 ...... p 37 N93-24015 # DE90-003704 ...... p 22 N90-15540 # EPA/600/3-89/068-VOL-1/2 ...... p 22 N90-12981 # I ,I DE90-003770 ...... 23 N90-15541 # EPA/600/3-89/076 ...... p 23 N90-18813 # DE90-003936 ...... 23 NASA-CR-195270 ...... p 40 N94-27430 " # N90-16364 # EPA/600/8-91/216 ...... p 30 N92-21439 # DE90-008568 ...... 26 N91-16451 # ---V-- DE90-010018 ...... 25 REPORTI _ ACCESSION N91-16446 # ERIM-173900-2-F ...... p 11 N86-3282S ° # DE90-014756 ...... 24 N90-28918 # NUMBER INUMU_HI I NUMBER DE91-000587 ...... 25 N91-15632 # ERL-031 ...... p 20 N86-71872 ° DE91-005020 ...... 26 N91-18492 # DE91-007458 ...... ) 27 Listings in this index are arranged alphanumeri- N91-19537 # ESD-3746 p 32 N92-31907 # DE91-007859 ...... ) 27 N91-19533 # ...... cally by report number. The page number DE91-007881 ...... ) 27 N91-19540 # ESDP-4129 ...... p 47 N94-36244 # indicates the page on which the citation is DE91-017403 ...... ) 28 N91-32587 # located,The accession number denotes the num- DE92-002820 ...... )30 N92-16503 # ETL-R-152 ...... p 50 N91-21973 # DE92-003221 ...... )30 ber by which the citation is identified. An aster- N92-24671 # ETL-R-153 p 13 N91-21623 # isk (*) indicates that the item is a NASA report. DE92-004303 ...... p 41 N92-70346 * # ...... A pound sign (#) indicates that the item is avail- DE92-007267 ...... p 30 N92-25313 # ETL-0333 p 8 N84-17676 # DE92-009513 ...... p 41 N92-70838 ...... able on microfiche. DE92-011072 ...... p 31 N92-27417 # E82-10131 ...... p 7 N82-21660 ° # DE92_)11733 ...... p 32 N92-31907 # E83-10189 ...... p 7 N83-19141 " # DE92-013652 ...... p 33 N93-11232 # E86-10021 ...... p 10 N86-17815 * # AD-A134977 ...... p 8 N84-17676 # DE92-013653 ...... p 33 N93-11233 # AD-A231165 ...... p 50 N91-21973 # DE92-014263 ...... p 43 N93-70092 FSGTR-SE-79 p 38 N93-27410 # AD*A231166 ...... p 13 N91-21623 # DE92-014798 ...... p 32 N92-31896 # ...... DE92-015792 ...... p 34 AD-A247279 ...... p 34 N93-11466 # N93-12474 # GAO/RCED-90-58 ...... p 31 N92-25415 # AD-A247855 ...... p 3 N92-27388 # DE92-019616 ...... p34 N93-12927 # AD-A253027 ...... p 32 N92-33578 # DE92-040829 ...... p 52 N93-12380 # GAO/RCED-9O-74BR ...... p 30 N92-20647 # DE92-040874 ...... p 35 AD-A253028 ...... p 33 N92-33579 # N93-17209 # GORMP-18-VOL-2 ...... p 29 N92-15457 ° # AD-A255181 ...... p 52 N93_12380 # DE92-041045 ...... p 35 N93-16298 # DE93-001526 ...... p 34 AD-A260762 ...... p 38 N93-25837 # N93-16092 # GPO-35-265 ...... p 6 N82-15497 # DE93-002347 ...... p 37 AD-A273895 ...... p 18 N94-25656 # N93-22972 # GPO-38-022 ...... p 26 N91°19528 # DE93-002859 ...... p 35 ADoA277077 ...... p 5 N92-29228 " # N93-18405 # GPO-49-336 ...... p 10 N86°16696 # DE93-003112 ...... _ 3S N93-25144 # GPO-87-070 ...... p 7 N82-22630 # AID-PN-AAZ-554 ...... p 12 N89-27233 # DE93_)037S3 ...... _ 45 N93-25125 # DE93-004601 ...... p 36 N93-19505 # HDGCP-FA-001 ...... p 41 N93-71749 AID-PN-ABM-278 ...... p 48 N93-29670 DE93-005777 ...... 3 38 N93-30009 # DE93-006334 ...... _ 37 N93-24977 # IEE-SR-248 ...... p 40 N94-32920 ANL/EAIS/TM-17 ...... p 24 N90-28918 # DE93-015241 ...... 339 N94-17289 # DE93-015675 ...... _ 39 N94-16445 # INPE-3313-PRE/620 ...... p 5 N85-19385 # DE93-016206 ...... _ 38 ANL/ER/CP-81397 ...... p 40 N94-32790 # N94-13079 # INPE-4638-TDL/337 ...... p 49 N89-27367 # DE93-040323 ...... 3 39 N94-19930 # INPE-4911-PRE/1512 ...... p 12 N90-21445 # DE93-776427 ...... 3 38 ARO-27859.1-GS-CF-VOL-1 ...... p 32 N92-33578 # N93-29672 # INPE-5203-PRE/1665 ...... p 2 N91-21216 # DE94-002003 ...... _ 46 ARO-27859.2-GS-CF-VOL-2 ...... p 33 N92-33579 # N94°23471 # INPE-5317-PRE/1714 ...... p 16 N94-14131 # DE94-003150 ...... 340 N94-28473 # INPE-5358-NTC/301 ...... p 51 N92-32227 # DE94-004606 ...... 340 B-237780 ...... p 30 N92*20647 # N94-32790 # INPE-5409-PRE/1756 ...... p 15 N93-19739 # DE94-006637 ...... 47 B-240222 ...... p 31 N92-25415 # N94-72025 INPE-5444-TDI/490 ...... p 46 N94-13614 # DE94-007846 ...... 40 N94-32817 INPE-5477-TAE/019 p 16 N94-11524 # BNL_4417 ...... p 25 N91-16446 # DE94-008670 ...... 48 N94-32881 ...... DE94°011465 ...... 47 N94-36244 # ISBN-0-309-04089-2 ...... p 26 N91-17453 DE94°757291 ...... 40 CONF-8510284-1 ...... p 44 N86-31190 # N94-32920 ISBN-O-309-04328°X ...... p 26 N91-17457 # CONF-S906244-1 ...... p 22 N90-14724 # ISBN-0-309-05017-0 ...... p 27 N91-20567 # DOC-83SDS4223 ...... p 7 CONF-8906244 ...... p 24 N90-28918 # N83-35466 * # ISBN-90-5271-009-0 ...... p 51 N93-11789 # CONF-891080-1 ...... p 23 N90-15541 # CONF-891098-4 ...... p 22 N90-15540 # DOE/ER_)425 _...... p 22 N90-14723 # JPL°PUB-83-51 ...... p 21 N84-16656 " # CONF-891210*2 ...... p 23 N90-16364 # DOE/ER-0565T ...... p 35 N93-18405 # CONF-9002113-1 ...... p 25 N91-16446 # DOE/ER-059TT ...... p 40 N94-28473 # JPL*9950-858 ...... p 7 N83-35466 * # CONF-9006128-VOL-1 ...... p 33 N93-11232 # DOE/ER-60277/T1 ...... p 21 N87-22313 # CONF-9006128-VOL-2 ...... p 33 N93-11233 # DOE/ER-60304/6 ...... p 30 N92-16503 # JSR-91-315 ...... p 52 N93-12380 # CONF-900775-1 ...... p 26 N91-16451 # DOE/ER-60490/T1 ...... p 2S N91-32587 # JSR-91-330A ...... p 3 N92-2738S # CONF-9011154-1 ...... :) 26 N91-18492 # DOE/ER-60574/T1 ...... p 41 N92-70346 " # JSR-91-330 ...... p 38 N93-25837 # CONF-910143-6 ...... p 43 N93-70092 DOE/ER-61014/3 ...... p 38 N94-13079 # DOE/ER-61015/1 ...... p 27 CONF-9102177-SUMM ...... 34 N93-12474 # N91-19540 # JTN-88-80013 p 20 N90-70417 CONF-9103221-SUMM ...... 3 30 N92-24671 # DOE/ER-61019/1 ...... p 27 N91-19537 # ...... DOE/ER-61019/3 ...... p 36 CONF-910402-7 ...... 27 N91-19533 # N93-19505 # L-16705 ...... p 12 N91-14634 " # CONF-9106396-1 ...... 3 35 N93-17209 # L-17126-PT-1 ...... p 5 N92-29228 * # DOE/PE-0101 ...... p 30 N92-25313 # CONF-9111335-ABSTS ...... 3 47 N94-72025 LA-SUB-93-4 ...... p 37 N93-24977 # CONF-9205167-1 ...... 32 N92-31896 # EPA/AA/CTAB-89/08 ...... p 23 N90-28142 # CONF-920771-5 ...... 3 34 N93-12927 # LA-UR-92-3500 ...... p 45 N93-25125 # CONF-9210198-1 ...... 3 37 N93-22972 # EPA/230/05-89/051-APP-A ...... p 24 N91-10395 # EPA/230/05-89/052-APP-B ...... p 24 CONF-930244-2 ...... 38 N93-30009 # N91-10396 # LARS-CR-012391 ...... p 12 N91-17438 " # CONF-930346-1 ...... 345 N93-25125 # EPA/230/05-89/053-APP-C-VOL-1 p 24 N91-10394 # EPA/230/05-89/053-APP-C-VOL-2 p 24 N91°10397 # CONF-9305219-1 ...... 39 N94-16445 # EPA/230/05-89/054-APP-D ...... p 24 N91-10398 # LBL-30797°VOL-1 ...... p 39 N94-17289 # CONF-930656-1 ...... 39 N94-19930 # EPA/230/05-89/055-APP-E ...... p 25 N91-10399 # LBL-32758-VOL-2 ...... p 34 N93-16092 # CONF-9310249-1 ...... 40 N94-32790 # EPA/230/05-89/056-APP-F ...... p 25 N91-10400 # CONF-940139-1 ...... 46 N94-23471 # EPA/230/05-89/057-APP-G ...... p 25 N91-10401 # LC-89-62950 ...... p 26 N91-17453

C-1 LC-90-44171 REPORT NUMBER INDEX

LC-90-44171 ...... p 27 N91.20567 # NASA-CR-176993 ...... p 19 N85-73373 * PB89-163265 ...... p 12 N89-27232 # LC-90-62105 ...... p 26 N91-17457 # NASA.CR-176435 ...... p 10 N86-17815 * # PB89-224943 ...... p 22 N90-12981 # NASA.CR-176519 ...... p 42 N86-20992 * # M-704 PB89-231344 ...... p 21 N90-12980 * # ...... p45 N93-20067 * # NASA-CR-176668 ...... p 20 N86-71872 * PB90-112608 ...... p 23 N90-16356 # NASA.CR-176796 ...... p 10 N86-25873 * # MCR-81-630 PB90-120023 ...... p 23 N90-18813 # ...... p2 N84-17248 • # NASA-CR.177294 ...... p 10 N86-26669 * # PB90-161688 ...... p 23 N90-28142 # NASA-CR-179704 ...... p 11 N86-32828 * # PB90-171588 ...... p 24 N91-10394 # NAS 1,15:101135 ...... p 21 N88-27650 * # NASA-CR.179769 ...... p 11 N86-32863 * # PB90-171596 ...... p 24 N91-10397 # NAS 1.15:101186 ...... p 6 N89-22969 * NASA-CR.183374 ...... p 11 N89-14481 o # PB90-171968 ...... p 24 N91-10395 # NAS 1.15:101849 ...... p 20 N90-70833 • NASA-CR-183487 ...... p 29 N92-14490 * # PB90-172230 ...... p 25 N91-10400 # NAS 1.15:102942 ...... p 20 N91-70662 • # NASA-CR-184637 ...... p 11 N89-22979 ° # PB90-172297 ...... p 25 N91-10399 # NAS 1.15:104081 ...... p 44 N91-25557 * # NASA-CR-185873 ...... p 21 N90-12980 • # PB90-172313 ...... p 25 N91-10402 # NAS 1.15:104082 ...... p 45 N91-25558 • # NASA-CR-186810 ...... p 12 N90-26377 ° # PB90-172628 ...... p 24 N91-10396 # NAS 1.15:104128 ...... p 29 N92-15464 * # NASA-CR-187916 ...... p 12 N91-17438 o # PB90-173188 ...... p 25 N91-10404 # NAS 1.15:104985 ...... p 6 N91-24669 • # NASA-CR-188025 ...... p 43 N91-21640 ° # PB90-173238 ...... p 24 N91-10398 # NAS 1.15:105119 ...... p 29 N92-15457 * # NASA-CR-188038 ...... p 27 N91-22619 * # PB90-173881 ...... p 25 N91-10401 # NAS 1.15:105121 ...... p 47 N92-11603 • # NASA-CR-188238 ...... p 13 N91-24671 * # NAS 1,15:105137 PB90-173899 ...... p 25 N91-10403 # ...... p13 N91-30592 • # NASA-CR-190167 ...... p 41 N92-70346 * # PB90-182304 ...... p 23 N90-28146 # NAS 1.15:107965 ...... p 31 N92-31258 * # NASA-CR-190675 ...... p 32 N92.31259 ° # PB90-202623 ...... p 24 N90-28907 # NAS 1.15:107994 ...... p33 N92-34028 ° # NASA-CR-190954 ...... p 45 N93.11880 * # PB91-118919 ...... p 27 N91-20567 # NAS 1.15:108012 ...... pl N93-11528 * # NASA-CR-191208 ...... p 51 N93-12680 * # PB91-145813 ...... p 28 N91-24687 # NAS 1,15:108252 ...... p 4 N94-14112 ° # NASA-CR.191217 ...... p 51 N93-12660 * # PB92-122803 ...... p 30 N92-21439 # NAS 1.15:108253 ...... p 3 N94-10699 * # NASA-CR-191224 ...... p 14 N92.32590 * # PB92-153022 ...... p 31 N92-26509 # NAS 1.15:108983 ...... p 36 N93-19940 * # NASA-CR.191691 ...... p 41 N93-71155 * # PB92-156892 ...... p 32 N92-31620 # NAS 1.15:109214 ...... p 20 N94-70142 * # NASA-CR-193279 ...... p 20 N93*72477 * # PB92-207125 ...... p 51 N93-11789 # NAS 1.15:109395 ...... p 49 N94-71223 * # NASA-CR-194659 ...... p 39 N94-17762 * # PB92-224682 ...... p 36 N93-21211 # NAS 1.15:109847 ...... p 19 N94-34018 * # NASA-CR.195227 ...... p 18 N94-26236 ° # PB93-101244 ...... p 37 N93-21696 # NAS 1.15:4196 ...... p 12 N91-14634 * # NASA-CR-195270 ...... p 40 N94-27430 o # PB93-101293 ...... p 36 N93-21695 # NAS 1.15:86009 ...... p 50 N86-28877 * # NASA-CR.196133 ...... p 40 N94-35503 * PB93-117927 ...... p 43 N93-21686 # NAS 1.15:85557 ...... p 50 N84-20434 * # NASA-CR-3698 ...... p 2 N84-17248 o # PB93-124626 ...... p 37 N93-24015 # NAS 1.15:86129-VOL-1.PT-1 ...... p 5 N84-30450 • # NASA.CR-4313 ...... p 44 N90-28310 * # NAS 1.15:87777 PB93-146082 ...... p 37 N93o24334 # ...... p6 N86-31094 * # PB93-146090 ...... p 37 N93-24645 # NAS 1.15:89702 ...... p-ll N88-15283 * # NASA-SP-7092 ...... p 13 N91-30588 * # NAS 1.15:89709 ...... PB93-149409 ...... p 15 N93-24309 # ...... pll N88-18046 * # NASA-SP.7102 ...... p 15 N93.23239 ° PB93-176246 ...... p 38 N93-27410 # NAS 1.21:7092 ...... p 13 N91-30588 • # PB93-180644 ...... p 48 N93-29670 NAS 1.21:7102 ...... p15 N93-23239 ° NASA-TM-101135 ...... p 21 N88o27650 * # PB93-192920 ...... p 17 N94-21446 NAS 1.26:168515 ...... p 7 N82-21660 • # NASA-TM-101186 ...... p 6 N89.22969 * PB94-126992 ...... p 18 N94-31068 NAS 1.26:173109 ...... p 7 N83-35466 * # NASA-TM-101849 ...... p 20 N90-70833 * PB94-138120 ...... p 18 N94-29107 NAS 1.26:173210 ...... p 21 N84-16656 * # NASA-TM-102942 ...... p 20 N91.70662 * # NAS 1.26:173790 ...... p 19 N84-74962 * NASA-TM-104081 ...... p 44 N91-25557 * # PCMDI-14 ...... p 48 N94-32881 NAS 1.26:175204 ...... p 48 N84-20154 * # NASA-TM-104082 ...... p 45 N91-25558 " # NAS 1.26:175269 ...... p 2 N85-15774 * # NASA-TM-104128 ...... p 29 N92-15464 * # PNL-SA-18559 ...... p 43 N93-70092 NAS 1.26:175944 ...... p 43 N85-73230 NASA-TM-104985 ...... p 6 N91o24669 o # PNL-SA-22390 ...... p 39 N94-16445 # NAS 1.26:175973 ...... p 20 N85-73661 NASA-TM-105119 ...... p 29 N92-15457 * # PNL-SA-22711 ...... p 39 N94-19930 # NAS 1.26:175981 ...... p 20 N85-73662 NASA-TM.105121 ...... p 47 N92-11603 " # NAS 1.26:175990 ...... p 19 N85-73372 NASA-TM-105137 ...... p 13 N91-30592 * # RAL-93-095 ...... p 18 N94-29107 NAS 1,26:175991 ...... p 20 N85-73664 NASA-TM.107965 ...... p 31 N92-31258 * # NAS 1.26:175993 ...... p19 N85-73373 NASA-TM-107994 ...... p 33 N92-34028 * # NAS 1.26:176435 REPT-901-O081 ...... p 8 N84o17676 # ...... pl0 N86-17815 * # NASA-TM.108012 ...... p 1 N93-11528 * # NAS 1.26:176519 ...... p 42 N86-20992 * # NASA°TM-108252 ...... p 4 N94-14112 * # S-HRG-101-1160 ...... p 26 N91-19528 # NAS 1.26:176668 ...... p 20 N86-71872 * NASA-TM-108253 ...... p 3 N94.10699 * # NAS 1.26:176796 ...... p 10 N86-25873 * # NASA.TM-108983 ...... p 36 N93-19940 * # NAS 1,26:177294 ...... p 10 SAND-89-1338C ...... p 23 N90-16364 # N86-26669 * # NASA-TM-109214 ...... p 20 N94-70142 * # NAS 1.26:179704 ...... p 11 N86-32828 * # NASA-TM.109395 ...... p 49 N94-71223 * # SE-47 ...... p 43 N93-21686 # NAS 1.26:179769 ...... p 11 N86-32863 ° # NASA-TM.109634 ...... p 16 N94-15245 * SE-48 ...... p 36 N93-21211 # NAS 1.26:183374 ...... p 11 N89-14481 * # NASA-TM-109806 ...... p 19 N94-33598 * NAS 1.26:183487 ...... p 29 N92-14490 o # NASA-TM-109847 ...... p 19 N94-34018 * # T-CSGCP-025 ...... p 15 N93-24309 # NAS 1.26:184637 ...... p 11 N89-22979 * # NASA.TM-4196 ...... p 12 N91-14634 * # NAS 1.26:185873 ...... p 21 N90-12980 * # NASA-TM-83867 ...... p 6 N82-17562 * # TABES PAPER 92-447 ...... p 32 N92-32014 NAS 1.26:186810 ...... p 12 N90-26377 " # NASA-TM-85009 ...... p 50 N85.28877 * # NAS 1.26:187916 ...... p 12 N91-17438 * # NASA-TM-85557 ...... p 50 N84-20434 * # TEC-R-198 ...... p 18 N94-25656 # NAS 1.26:188025 ...... p 43 N91-21640 * # NASA-TM-86129.MOL-1.PT-1 ...... p 5 N84.30450 * # NAS 1.26:188038 ...... p 27 N91-22619 * # NASA-TM.87777 ...... p 6 N86-31094 ° # TEC-SR-1 ...... p 34 N93-11466 # NAS 1.26:188238 ...... p 13 N91-24671 o # NASA-TM-89702 ...... p 11 N88-15283 * # NAS 1.26:190167 ...... p 41 N92-70346 " # NASA-TM-89709 ...... p 11 N88-18046 * # TRB/TRR-1267 ...... p 27 N91-20567 # NAS 1.26:190675 ...... p 32 N92-31259 * # NAS 1.26:190954 ...... p 45 N93-11880 * # NASDA.CP-03-8 ...... p 20 N90-70417 UCIDo21769 ...... p 22 N90-14715 # NAS 1.26:191208 ...... p 51 N93-12680 * # NAS 1.26:191217 ...... p 51 N93-12660 * # NEDO-ITE-9108 ...... p 38 N93-29672 # UCRL-CR-107791 ...... p 41 N92-70838 NAS 1.26:191224 ...... p14 N92-32590 " # NAS 1,26:191691 ...... p 41 N93-71155 * # NOAA-NERDIS-89/05-VOL. 1 ...... p 12 N89-27231 # UCRL-ID-109847 ...... p 31 N92-27417 # NAS 1.26:193279 ...... p 20 N93-72477 o # UCRL-ID-111461 ...... p 35 N93-16298 # NAS 1.26:194659 ...... p 39 N94-17762 " # NOAA-N ESDIS-89/06-MOL-2 ...... p 12 N89-27232 # UCRL-ID-115329 ...... p 48 N94-32881 NAS 1.26:195227 ...... p 18 N94-26236 * # UCRL-ID-115850 ...... p 40 N94-32817 NAS 1.26:195270 ...... p 40 N94-27430 * # NONP-NASA-VT-93-190432 ...... p 16 N94-15245 * NAS 1.26:3698 ...... p 2 N84-17248 * # NONP-NASA-VT-94.12934 ...... p 19 N94-33598 * UCRLoJC-108957 ...... p 34 N93-12927 # NAS 1.26:4313 ...... p 44 N90-28310 * # NONP-NASA-VT-94-15911 ...... p 40 N94-35503 * UCRL-JC-115035 ...... p 46 N94-23471 # NAS 1.55:2198 ...... p 7 N83.19141 * # NAS 1.55:3158-PT-1 ...... p 5 N92-29228 * # NSF-91-33 ...... p 35 N93-18319 # USGS-CIRC-865 ...... p 42 N83-11639 # NAS 1.55:3184 ...... p 45 N93-20067 * # NSF-92-77 ...... p 35 N93-18319 #

USGS-OFR-85-304 ...... p 11 N86-26675 # NASA-CP-2198 ...... p 7 N83-19141 ° # NSSDC/WDC-A-R/S.91°34 ...... p 33 N92-34028 * # NASA-CP-3158-PT-1 ...... p 5 N92-29228 * #

NASA-CP-3184 ...... p 45 N93-20067 ° # ORNL/CDIAC-36 ...... p 25 N91-15632 # ORNL/CDIAC-46 ...... p 32 N92-31907 # NASA-CR-168515 ...... p 7 N82-21660 * # ORNL/CDIAC-49 ...... p 38 N93-25144 # NASA-CR-173109 ...... p 7 N83-35466 o # ORNL/CDIAC-64 ...... p 47 N94-36244 # NASA-CR-173210 ...... p 21 N84-16656 * # NASA-CR-173790 ...... p 19 N84-74962 * OTA-BP-ISC-122 ...... p 18 N94-31068 NASA-CR-175204 ...... p 48 N84-20154 * # NASA-CR-175269 ...... p 2 N85-15774 * # PB84-161769 ...... p 42 N84o24038 # NASA-CR-175944 ...... p 43 N85-73230 * PB86-152923 ...... p 10 N86-25873 • # NASA-CR-175973 ...... p 20 N85-73661 ° PB86-166097 ...... p 11 N86-26675 # NASA-CR-175981 ...... p 20 N85-73662 ° PB88-142393 ...... p 21 N88-19021 # NASA-CR-175990 ...... p 19 N85-73372 ° PB89-159313 ...... p 12 N89-27233 # NASA-CR-175991 ...... p 20 N85.73664 " PB89-163257 ...... p 12 N89-27231 # C-2 , iI

ACCESSION NUMBER INDEX

REMOTE SENSING / GLOBAL CHANGE / A Special Bibfiography November 1994

Typical Accession Number N91-14634 " # p 12 N92-33578 # p 32 N94-23868 " # p 50 Index Listing N91-15632 # p 25 N92-33579 # p 33 N94-24357 p 17 N91-r6446 # p 25 N92-34028 ° # p 33 N94-25656 # p 18 N92-70346 * # p 41 N94-26236 °# p 18 N91o16451 # p 26 N92-70838 p 41 N94-27430 ° # p 40 N91-17438 * # p 12 ON N93-11094 "# p33 N94-28259 * # p 49 N91-17453 p 26 NASA MICROFICHE N93-11232 # p 33 N94-28473 # p 49 SPONSORED N91-17454 * # p 26 N93-11233 # p 33 N94-29107 p 18 N91-17457 # p 26 I ,I N93-11466 # p 34 N94.31068 p 18 N91-17504 # p 44 N94-15896 * # p 39 N93-11528 "# p 1 N94-32465 ° # p 18 N91-18492 # p 26 N93-11789 # p 51 N94-32466 *# p 19 N91-19528 # p 26 ----T-- N93-11880 °# p 45 N94-32790 # p 40 ACCESSION N91-19533 # p 27 N93-12380 # p 52 N94-32817 p 40 NUMBER I NUMBER I N91-19537 # p 27 N93-12474 # p 34 N94-32881 p 48 N91-19540 # p 27 N93-12660 * # p 51 N94-32920 p 40 N91-20567 # p 27 N93-12680 *# p 51 N94-33598 " p 19 N91-21216 # p 2 N93-12927 # p 34 N94-34018 " # p 19 Listings in this index are arranged alphanumerically N91-21623 # p 13 N93-14823 p 15 N94-35503 * p 40 N91-21640 * # p 43 by accession number. The page number indicatesthe N93-16092 # p 34 N94-36244 # p 47 N91-21973 # p 50 page on which the citation is located. The accession N93-16298 # 35 N94-36987 ° # p 40 N91-22619 ° # p 27 number denotes the number by which the citation is N93-17209 # 35 N94°70142 ° # p 20 N91-22622 ° # p 27 N93-18319 # 35 N94-71223 * # p 49 identified. An asterisk (*) indicates that the item is a N91-22623 °# p 28 N93-18405 # 35 N94-71229 ° # p 21 NASA report. A pound sign (#) indicates that the item N91-23733 p 49 N93-18864 36 N94-71231 ° # p 42 is available on microfiche. 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D-1

AVAILABILITY OF CITED PUBLICATIONS

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APP-2 ADDRESSES OF ORGANIZATIONS

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APP-3

CASI PRICE TABLES (Effective November 1, 1994)

STANDARD PRICE DOCUMENTS

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Rev. 10/94 APP-5 P_ PAGE _._N_. _3T FE.MED