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Western Civilisation 'Maintains Itself By
Western Civilisation ‘maintains itself by banishing Others (nature, animals, women, children) to the margin’.1 How do Notions of Alterity and/or Marginalisation Feature in the Representation of Animals? Georgia Horne Humans’ relationship with animals is a complexly mutable one, with the parameters of distinction being repeatedly rethought and redrawn by thinkers from a range of disciplines. The protean nature of these irreconcilable views is apparent given how, as observed by John Berger, throughout history animals have been concurrently bred yet sacrificed, subjected to suffering yet worshipped in idolatry.2 Accordingly, animals have continuously occupied a liminal space both above and below (but never with) man, a form of existential dualism reflective of the seemingly irresolvable struggle of where to place them in relation to humans. The site of difference between humans and other animals is where we derive our ontological concepts of humanity and animality and thus, ultimately, our place in the world as one species amongst others (an admittedly anthropocentric telos). Traditionally, ontological discourse on this issue has been dominated by an animal-human dichotomy, wherein the subjects are defined in opposition to each other.3 The privation of certain attributes are cited as evidence for this polarity, with philosophers such as Kant, Descartes and Aristotle citing humans’ capacity to reason as the qualifying criterion that simultaneously demarcates humans from animals, and endows us with a superiority over them. This binary contradistinction is threatened in Franz Kafka’s ‘A Report to an Academy’, which utilises various postcolonial narrative strategies to obfuscate the human-animal distinction, destabilising the West’s confident certainty in the Otherness of animals, and complicating the ethics of using animals’ assumed alterity to justify their marginalisation and mistreatment. -
Putting a Price on Whales to Save Them: What Do Morals Have to Do with It?
Georgetown University Law Center Scholarship @ GEORGETOWN LAW 2013 Putting a Price on Whales To Save Them: What Do Morals Have To Do with It? Hope M. Babcock Georgetown University Law Center, [email protected] This paper can be downloaded free of charge from: https://scholarship.law.georgetown.edu/facpub/1653 43 Envtl. L. 1-33 (2013) This open-access article is brought to you by the Georgetown Law Library. Posted with permission of the author. Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarship.law.georgetown.edu/facpub Part of the Animal Law Commons, and the Environmental Law Commons TOJCI.BABCOCK – NEW ABSTRACT 2/23/2013 1:10 PM Essay PUTTING A PRICE ON WHALES TO SAVE THEM: WHAT DO MORALS HAVE TO DO WITH IT? BY HOPE M. BABCOCK* The author explores the moral implication of a proposal to create an international market in whale shares as an alternative to the dysfunctional International Whaling Commission. She finds the proposal amoral because whales, like humans, have an intrinsic right to life. Since this leaves whales vulnerable to whale hunting nations, she suggests that international environmental organizations might help a whale preservation norm emerge in whaling nations by using education and interventionist activities that focus on whaling’s cruelty to ultimately encourage the citizens and governments of those nations to change their self-image as whale eating cultures. * Hope Babcock is a professor of law at Georgetown University Law School. This Essay was first presented as the Twenty-fifth Natural Resources Law Institute Distinguished Visitor Lecture given at Lewis & Clark Law School in October 2012, and originated in an Article entitled Why Changing Norms Is a More Just Solution to the Failed International Regulatory Regime to Protect Whales than a Trading Program in Whale Shares, forthcoming in the Stanford Environmental Law Journal (2012). -
An Analysis on the Notion and Representation of The
Accepted Crimes: An Analysis on the Notion and Representation of the Non-Human Animal and its Rights in J.M. Coetzee, The Lives of Animals through the character of Elizabeth Costello. Treball de Fi de Grau/ BA dissertation Author: Oriol Jiménez Batalla Supervisor: Dr. Felicity Hand Departament de Filologia Anglesa i de Germanística Grau d‘Estudis Anglesos June 2018 TABLE OF CONTENTS 0. Introduction ...................................................................................................................... 1 1. Theoretical Framework ...................................................................................................... 3 1.1. Human Animal vs. Non-Human Animal .............................................................................. 3 1.2. Non-Human Animals: Singer vs. Regan ............................................................................... 5 1.3. Non-Human Animals: Coetzee ............................................................................................. 15 2. Elizabeth Costello .............................................................................................................. 20 2.1. The Philosophy Behind the Character ................................................................................ 20 2.2. Costello vs. Coetzee .................................................................................................................. 30 2.3. Costello as the Non-Human Animal .................................................................................... 32 3. Conclusions -
The Lives of Animals
The Lives of Animals J. M. COETZEE THE TANNER LECTURES ON HUMAN VALUES Delivered at Princeton University October 15 and 16, 1997 J. M. COETZEE holds a chair in General Literature at the University of Cape Town. He received degrees in litera- ture and mathematics at the University of Cape Town and received his Ph.D. from the University of Texas at Austin in 1969. He has been a visiting professor at numerous uni- versities, including Johns Hopkins, Harvard, and the Uni- versity of Chicago. He is a fellow of the Royal Society of Literature and an honorary member of the American Acad- emy of Arts and Sciences. His first work of fiction was published in 1974. Since then he has published seven novels, three works of criticism, and a memoir, as well as translations from the Dutch and Afrikaans. His fiction, which includes The Master of Petersburg (1994), Waiting for the Barbarians (1982), and In the Heart of the Coun- try (1977), has been translated into sixteen languages and has won several major awards. The Life and Times of Michael K. (1983) won both Britain’s Booker Prize and France’s Prix Femina Etranger. He was awarded the Jeru- salem Prize in 1987. LECTURE I. THE PHILOSOPHERS AND THE ANIMALS He is waiting at the gate when her flight comes in. Two years have passed since he last saw his mother; despite himself, he is shocked at how she has aged. Her hair, which had had streaks of gray in it, is now entirely white; her shoulders stoop; her flesh has grown flabby. -
THE MIAMI*HURRICANE DAM 1320 So
Ml.tHW •* •nur-v Hurricane Photographer 381 I Captures Bo Derek J In ENTERTAINMENT page 6 THE /WIA URMCANE Volume 57, No. £9 ?>(_. Tuesday. January 27. 1981 Phone 284-4401 Faculty Wants Pay Hike By AMY JACOVES Nests Editor Several plans for increases in fac ulty salaries and benefits have been proposed by UM's Faculty Senale, according to Eugene Clasby, chair man of the F'aculty Senate. The plans will be considered by the Uni versity Budget Committee, and all approved proposals will go before the University's Board of Trustees for final approval. The proposals include an "overall base salary adjusted pool" in which "12.7 percent of the base salaries of everyone in the University is to be set aside for salary increases on a ~ - - - *, mg li _»!•__ • merit basis," Clasby said. Miami Hurncan./STU BAYER Under this proposal, all salaries paid to University employees would be totalled. Of this amount, 12.7 percent will be calculated. This the oretical sum of money will be taken The patio's concert stage is receiving a facelift. Before long, a new covering above the stage will be in tact, thus out of the overall University budgel and will be allocated for salary in eliminating the threat of those dreaded rain-outs. creases. Based on Diirturman-Ai. all University employees will be eligi ble for a raise. "In addition," Clasby said, "|it was proposed| that there would be a market adjusted pool of 4.5 per cent of faculty salaries to be sel 'Target' Is To Increase Black Enrollment aside to improve certain faculty sal aries to meet national standards. -
Merritt Island National Wildlife Refuge
Merritt Island National Wildlife Refuge Comprehensive Conservation Plan U.S. Department of the Interior Fish and Wildlife Service Southeast Region August 2008 COMPREHENSIVE CONSERVATION PLAN MERRITT ISLAND NATIONAL WILDLIFE REFUGE Brevard and Volusia Counties, Florida U.S. Department of the Interior Fish and Wildlife Service Southeast Region Atlanta, Georgia August 2008 TABLE OF CONTENTS COMPREHENSIVE CONSERVATION PLAN EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ....................................................................................................................... 1 I. BACKGROUND ................................................................................................................................. 3 Introduction ................................................................................................................................... 3 Purpose and Need for the Plan .................................................................................................... 3 U.S. Fish And Wildlife Service ...................................................................................................... 4 National Wildlife Refuge System .................................................................................................. 4 Legal Policy Context ..................................................................................................................... 5 National Conservation Plans and Initiatives .................................................................................6 Relationship to State Partners ..................................................................................................... -
The Evolution of Animal Play, Emotions, and Social Morality: on Science, Theology, Spirituality, Personhood, and Love
WellBeing International WBI Studies Repository 12-2001 The Evolution of Animal Play, Emotions, and Social Morality: On Science, Theology, Spirituality, Personhood, and Love Marc Bekoff University of Colorado Follow this and additional works at: https://www.wellbeingintlstudiesrepository.org/acwp_sata Part of the Animal Studies Commons, Behavior and Ethology Commons, and the Comparative Psychology Commons Recommended Citation Bekoff, M. (2001). The evolution of animal play, emotions, and social morality: on science, theology, spirituality, personhood, and love. Zygon®, 36(4), 615-655. This material is brought to you for free and open access by WellBeing International. It has been accepted for inclusion by an authorized administrator of the WBI Studies Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. The Evolution of Animal Play, Emotions, and Social Morality: On Science, Theology, Spirituality, Personhood, and Love Marc Bekoff University of Colorado KEYWORDS animal emotions, animal play, biocentric anthropomorphism, critical anthropomorphism, personhood, social morality, spirituality ABSTRACT My essay first takes me into the arena in which science, spirituality, and theology meet. I comment on the enterprise of science and how scientists could well benefit from reciprocal interactions with theologians and religious leaders. Next, I discuss the evolution of social morality and the ways in which various aspects of social play behavior relate to the notion of “behaving fairly.” The contributions of spiritual and religious perspectives are important in our coming to a fuller understanding of the evolution of morality. I go on to discuss animal emotions, the concept of personhood, and how our special relationships with other animals, especially the companions with whom we share our homes, help us to define our place in nature, our humanness. -
Chimpanzee Rights: the Philosophers' Brief
Chimpanzee Rights: The Philosophers’ Brief By Kristin Andrews Gary Comstock G.K.D. Crozier Sue Donaldson Andrew Fenton Tyler M. John L. Syd M Johnson Robert C. Jones Will Kymlicka Letitia Meynell Nathan Nobis David M. Peña-Guzmán Jeff Sebo 1 For Kiko and Tommy 2 Contents Acknowledgments…4 Preface Chapter 1 Introduction: Chimpanzees, Rights, and Conceptions of Personhood….5 Chapter 2 The Species Membership Conception………17 Chapter 3 The Social Contract Conception……….48 Chapter 4 The Community Membership Conception……….69 Chapter 5 The Capacities Conception……….85 Chapter 6 Conclusions……….115 Index 3 Acknowledgements The authors thank the many people who have helped us throughout the development of this book. James Rocha, Bernard Rollin, Adam Shriver, and Rebecca Walker were fellow travelers with us on the amicus brief, but were unable to follow us to the book. Research assistants Andrew Lopez and Caroline Vardigans provided invaluable support and assistance at crucial moments. We have also benefited from discussion with audiences at the Stanford Law School and Dalhousie Philosophy Department Colloquium, where the amicus brief was presented, and from the advice of wise colleagues, including Charlotte Blattner, Matthew Herder, Syl Ko, Tim Krahn, and Gordon McOuat. Lauren Choplin, Kevin Schneider, and Steven Wise patiently helped us navigate the legal landscape as we worked on the brief, related media articles, and the book, and they continue to fight for freedom for Kiko and Tommy, and many other nonhuman animals. 4 1 Introduction: Chimpanzees, Rights, and Conceptions of Personhood In December 2013, the Nonhuman Rights Project (NhRP) filed a petition for a common law writ of habeas corpus in the New York State Supreme Court on behalf of Tommy, a chimpanzee living alone in a cage in a shed in rural New York (Barlow, 2017). -
European Parliamentary #Futures After Eu Elections
SPECIAL EDITION 2 (14) | 2019 ISSN 2084-8250 MAIN PARTNER EUROPEAN PARLIAMENTARY #FUTURES After EU Elections SUPPORTED BY Fallout from Digital Disinformation is report lays out four major scenarios that could conceivably unfold after European Parliamentary Elections in May 2019. Prepared by the Visegrad/Insight in cooperation with the Konrad Adenauer Foundation in Poland and a contribution from the ABTShield. is report lays out four major scenarios that could conceivably unfold after European Parliamentary Elections in May 2019. Prepared by the Visegrad/Insight in cooperation with the Konrad Adenauer Foundation in Poland and a contribution from the ABTShield. EUROPEAN PARLIAMENTARY #FUTURES Four post-2019 options WOJCIECH PRZYBYLSKI Editor-in-chief The EU is at a critical juncture. For the first time since the launching of European inte- gration, doubts about the future of the EU have been raised by mainstream politicians and large swathes of the European public. Uncertainty as to the fate of Europe may demotivate voters and help disinformation campaigns often run by foreign powers hostile to the European project or sponsored by clandestine third parties. Whilst many of these fears are often seen as exaggerated, it is difficult to dismiss the impact of Brexit; for the first time since its inception, a major state in a process of leaving the EU. MARCIN ZABOROWSKI Senior Associate Even worse – and like never before – the EU is no longer supported by the sitting US President. In the 1950s, the United States was the sponsor and co-creator of European integra- tion. All subsequent American administrations have supported the EU, a policy now discontinued by the current American President. -
Jm Coetzee and Animal Rights
J.M. COETZEE AND ANIMAL RIGHTS: ELIZABETH COSTELLO’S CHALLENGE TO PHILOSOPHY Richard Alan Northover SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF ENGLISH LITERATURE IN THE FACULTY OF HUMANITIES UNIVERSITY OF PRETORIA PRETORIA, 0002, SOUTH AFRICA Supervisor: Professor David Medalie OCTOBER 2009 © University of Pretoria Abstract The thesis relates Coetzee’s focus on animals to his more familiar themes of the possibility of fiction as a vehicle for serious ethical issues, the interrogation of power and authority, a concern for the voiceless and the marginalised, a keen sense of justice and the question of secular salvation. The concepts developed in substantial analyses of The Lives of Animals and Disgrace are thereafter applied to several other works of Coetzee. The thesis attempts to position J.M. Coetzee within the animal rights debate and to assess his use of his problematic persona, Elizabeth Costello, who controversially uses reason to attack the rationalism of the Western philosophical tradition and who espouses the sympathetic imagination as a means of developing respect for animals. Costello’s challenge to the philosophers is problematised by being traced back to Plato’s original formulation of the opposition between philosophers and poets. It is argued that Costello represents a fallible Socratic figure who critiques not reason per se but an unqualified rationalism. This characterisation of Costello explains her preoccupation with raising the ethical awareness of her audience, as midwife to the birth of ideas, and perceptions of her as a wise fool, a characterisation that is confirmed by the use of Bakhtin’s notion of the Socratic dialogue as one of the precursors of the modern novel. -
The Electoral Campaign Spectacle: Elements and Case Study in the United States
Revista de Comunicación Vivat Academia ISSN: 1575-2844 Septiembre 2015 Año XVIII Nº132 pp 162-181 INVESTIGACIÓN/RESEARCH Recibido: 08/06/2015 --- Aceptado: 02/09/2015 --- Publicado: 15/09/2015 THE ELECTORAL CAMPAIGN SPECTACLE: ELEMENTS AND CASE STUDY IN THE UNITED STATES Graciela Padilla Castillo 1: Complutense University of Madrid. Spain. [email protected] ABSTRACT An electoral debate offers a twofold aspect: intellectual confrontation and struggle to impose upon the adversary. The recommendations on how should the debate be emphasize the intellectual part. The media present the discussions as ‘Who will win?’ or 'Who won?’ However, from the political communication results much richer to study how this came about and how the debate was prepared, especially if includes spectacular elements more typical of film and television fiction. To demonstrate it, we recover the three electoral debates between candidates George W. Bush and John Forbes Kerry, occurred just a decade ago, in 2004. KEY WORDS Political Communication - Ostentation - Electoral Campaign - George W. Bush - John Kerry. LA ESPECTACULARIZACIÓN DEL DEBATE ELECTORAL: ESTUDIO DEL CASO EN ESTADOS UNIDOS RESUMEN: Un debate electoral ofrece un aspecto doble: confrontación intelectual y lucha por imponerse al adversario. Las recomendaciones sobre cómo debería ser un debate acentúan lo intelectual. Los medios de comunicación, sin embargo, presentan los debates como «¿Quién ganará?» o «¿Quién ha ganado?». Sin embargo, desde la 1Dra. Graciela Padilla Castillo: Professor of the School of Information Sciences at the Complutense University of Madrid, Spain. PhD in Communication with Extraordinary Doctorate Award. Degree in Audiovisual Communication and Journalism with End Career Award. [email protected] 162 comunicación política, resulta mucho más rico estudiar cómo se llegó a ello y cómo se preparó al debate, sobre todo si éste incluye elementos espectaculares y a veces, más propios de la ficción cinematográfica y televisiva. -
I UNIVERSITY of CALIFORNIA SAN DIEGO Politics of Misconduct A
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA SAN DIEGO Politics of Misconduct A thesis submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree Master of Fine Arts in Visual Arts by Bailey Rivers Davenport Committee in charge: Professor Amy Adler, Chair Professor Ricardo Dominguez Professor Anya Gallaccio Professor Anna Joy Springer 2021 i Copyright Bailey Rivers Davenport, 2021 All rights reserved. ii The thesis of Bailey Rivers Davenport is approved, and it is acceptable in quality and form for publication on microfilm and electronically. University of California San Diego 2021 iii EPIGRAPH I was going to die, if not sooner then later, whether or not I had ever spoken myself. My silences had not protected me. Your silence will not protect you. Audre Lorde iv TABLE OF CONTENTS Thesis Approval Page…………………………………………………………… iii Epigraph…………..……………………………………………………………... iv Table of Contents………………………………………………………………... v List of Figures ……………………………………………………………………vi Acknowledgements …………………………………….…………………..…….vii Abstract of the Thesis …….…………………………………………………….. viii Introduction……………………………………………………………………… 1 Influences…………………………………..……………………………………. 10 Description of Work…………………………..………………………………… 18 Critiques………………………………………………………………………….34 Conclusion………………………………………………………………………..36 References……………………………………………………………………….. 39 v LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1: A painting entitled “We Are Free Women Now” from the series “Testify!” by Bailey Davenport, 2019……………………………………………………………………..…4 Figure 2: A painting entitled “Ivanka Trump” from the series “Outnumbered” by