Pittsburgh Economic Quarterly University Center for Social and Urban Research
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
. March 2012 . University of Pittsburgh June 2012 Pittsburgh Economic Quarterly University Center for Social and Urban Research Inside This Issue Migration and Employment in the UCSUR Names Recipient of 12th Annual Steven D. Pittsburgh Region Manners Awards .....5 By Christopher Briem Students Work on Urban and Regional Migration is a major factor in regional population trends, to be for employment reasons, with over 59 percent of moves Projects..............5 but also a factor in the changing labor supply. Pittsburgh’s of more than 500 miles estimated to be for employment- recent economic history is in many ways shaped not only related reasons. Pittsburgh Neighborhood by the loss of heavy industry across the region, but also by Here data from the Public Use Microdata Sample (PUMS) and Community the loss of population and workers who moved out of the of the 2006-2010 American Community Survey (ACS) Information System region as a result of changes in industrial structure and the program are used to provide a description of how migra- Users Conference.....6 local labor market. tion is currently affecting the regional labor force within Port Authority Impact of Individual employment circumstances and job search are the Pittsburgh Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA), which Route Eliminations ....7 major factors impacting the pattern of population migration includes Allegheny, Armstrong, Beaver, Butler, Fayette, flows within the United States. Population migration within Washington, and Westmoreland counties. the country is motivated by different factors. Nationally over The ACS program is an ongoing national survey of the 36 percent of all individuals who moved to a new county non-institutionalized population within the United States between 2010 and 2011 did so for employment-related (see PEQ, June 2011). The ACS data here was compiled reasons: 1) a new job or job transfer, 2) to look for work, or 3) a from five years of survey results collected between 2006 result of a lost job. Other reasons for migration include reloca- and 2010. ACS respondents were asked their residence tion for educational opportunities, migration upon retirement, one year prior to the date they were questioned, which and family reasons. Longer-distance moves are more likely could have been in any of the five years. The responses to ... continued on page 2 ................................................................................................. Brownfield, Greenfield: A Hedonic Estimation of the Remediation and Redevelopment of the Slag Heap at Nine Mile Run By Benjamin Robinson The remediation and redevelopment of brownfield sites The cleanup process relieves the area of an environ- has been a historically popular tool for economic devel- mental hazard and, over time, leads to improvements in the opment for states and municipalities. Prior to redevelop- area’s environmental quality. All over the country, but espe- ment, brownfields create economic and ecological stress cially in the Pittsburgh region, municipalities have pursued on surrounding communities, provide little to no revenue in brownfield development due to the plethora of former indus- property or business taxes to local municipalities, and create trial sites that were once the region’s foremost sources of a hazardous environment for humans and other forms of life employment, wealth, and identity. to inhabit. The city of Pittsburgh has been at the forefront of brown- The processes that contaminated a site and contributed to field redevelopment, as evidenced by the many projects built its brownfield status act as barriers to entry for community on former industrial sites. It helped finance the cleanup and investment and economic activity while decreasing property subsequent construction of the Summerset at Frick Park values and contributing to blight. Despite these drawbacks, community, a residential development built on a former slag contaminated lands can be recycled to have new uses while heap along the Nine Mile Run watershed. Summerset at providing local governments with more revenue. Frick Park holds a significant place in our region’s brownfield ... continued on page 3 1 . Pittsburgh Economic Quarterly . Migration and Employment Figure 1. Percentage of Employed Workers by Major Occupation in the Pittsburgh Region Group* who Resided Outside of the Pittsburgh MSA One Year Prior,Figure 2006–2010 1. Percentage of * Excludes Employed military-related Workers by Major occupations Occupation Group* Who Resided ... continued from page 1 Outside of the Pittsburgh MSA One Year Prior, 2006 -‐ 2010 that question and other information collected Life, Physical, and Social Science : 6.3% on individuals’ current labor force status can Computer and MathemaHcal : 5.4% be used to describe what parts of the region’s labor force are most impacted by migration. Architecture and Engineering : 4.9% The resulting data reflect average annual Healthcare PracHHoners and Technical : 3.4% migration rates. The universe here is limited Food PreparaHon and Serving Related : 3.2% to the currently employed workers in the EducaHon, Training, and Library : 3.2% Pittsburgh MSA, and each worker is catego- Business and Financial OperaHons : 2.9% rized as employed in one of over 500 individual Sales and Related : 2.9% occupations. The results here are summarized ProtecHve Service : 2.9% for a set of 23 major occupation groups. Farming, Fishing, and Forestry : 2.8% First, 2.6 percent of the Pittsburgh region’s Personal Care and Service : 2.8% current workforce was estimated to have Arts, Design, Entertainment, Sports, and Media : 2.7% lived outside of the Pittsburgh MSA one year Management : 2.3% prior. These recent arrivals include workers Community and Social Service : 2.3% who previously lived elsewhere in the United Office and AdministraHve Support : 2.1% States, plus international immigrants who lived ConstrucHon and ExtracHon : 2.0% elsewhere in the world. TransportaHon and Material Moving 1.8% New movers to the region comprise signifi- Healthcare Support : 1.7% cant and important shares of occupations in InstallaHon, Maintenance, and Repair : 1.6% Pittsburgh (see Figure 1). Occupations which ProducHon : 1.2% currently rely most heavily on new arrivals to Legal : 1.2% the region include Life, Physical and Social Scientists, in which 6.3 percent of currently Building and Grounds Cleaning and Maintenance : 1.2% 0% 1% 2% 3% 4% 5% 6% 7% employed workers are estimated to have lived outside the region a year earlier, along with * Excludes military-‐related occupations Computer and Mathematical Occupations (5.4 Source: American Community Survey percent) and Architectural and Engineering Occupations (4.9 percent). The large number of slowed over the last decade, and, in particular, Figure 2. Age Distribution Healthcare Practitioners in the Pittsburgh area following the onset of a national recession in of Employed Workers in included 3.4 percent new arrivals to the region 2007. For a comparison, between 1999 and 2000, the Pittsburgh Region who in the recent period. an estimated 3.1 percent of the U.S. population Resided Outside of the Recent migrants employed in the Pittsburgh moved to a new state. And for the period 2010 to Pittsburgh MSA One Year region were predominantly younger workers 2011, the comparable rate of migration dropped Prior, 2006–2010 (see Figure 2). Over 70 percent of these new to 1.6 percent of the U.S. population. arrivals were under the age of 35, with 55 Figure 2. Age Distribution of Employed Workers in the Pittsburgh Region Who Resided New migration data show a change in the Outside of the Pittsburgh MSA One Year Prior, 2006-‐ 2010 percent between the ages of 22 and 34. Fewer region’s workforce, reflecting growth in many than 5 percent of movers were age 55 or over. skilled occupations. Today, population changes This pattern of worker migration is consis- in Pittsburgh are showing the impacts of our tent with national patterns. The highest migra- recent shift to net in-migration for the region as Age 35-‐54, 24.7% tion rates are registered by workers in their a whole, from the long term decades of nega- Age 55-‐64, 20s and decline as people age, up to retire- tive net migration. Age 22-‐34, 4.2% 55.2% ment ages. This concentration of migration Data and analysis of the spatial patterns of Age 65 among younger workers means that changing population migration impacting the Pittsburgh Age 16-‐21, and over, 15.2% 0.6% patterns of regional migration flows are likely region are available in the following publica- determined by changing patterns of migration tion available on the UCSUR Web site under among younger workers. Technical Reports: (www.ucsur.pitt.edu). Nationally rates of population migration Migration Trends in the Pittsburgh Region: within the United States have significantly Update Through 2010, December 2011. Source: American Community Survey 2 . Pittsburgh Economic Quarterly . Figure 1. Summerset at . June Frick 2012 . Park & Study Area Brownfield, Greenfield Figure 1. Summerset at Frick Park and Study Area ... continued from page 1 redevelopment because it is one of the only sites to be transformed from contaminated land to a planned community and zoned for residen- tial rather than commercial use. The Nine Mile Run watershed is a group of streams that runs along the Monongahela River near Squirrel Hill South, Swisshelm Park, and Frick Park, the city’s largest public park (see Figure 1). Summerset’s previous uses were a substantial factor in the deterioration and pollution of the Nine Mile Run watershed over the years. From 1922 to 1972, 17 million cubic meters of slag, a chemical byproduct of steel manufacturing, was dumped along the site, polluting much of the watershed and its valley. Eventually, using funds from the Environmental Protection Agency Brownfields Pilot Program, the URA was able to leverage Pennsylvania state funds to obtain the needed capital to buy the site and began developing plans for its reuse. In 1996, the master plans for the remediation and redevelopment of the brownfield site were released followed by groundbreaking in 1999, and by 2007, the first phase of the development was completed.