Neocortex Patterning by the Secreted Signaling Molecule FGF8
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Fgf17b and FGF18 Have Different Midbrain Regulatory Properties from Fgf8b Or Activated FGF Receptors Aimin Liu1,2, James Y
Research article 6175 FGF17b and FGF18 have different midbrain regulatory properties from FGF8b or activated FGF receptors Aimin Liu1,2, James Y. H. Li2, Carrie Bromleigh2, Zhimin Lao2, Lee A. Niswander1 and Alexandra L. Joyner2,* 1Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Developmental Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10021, USA 2Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine, Departments of Cell Biology, and Physiology and Neuroscience, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA *Author for correspondence (e-mail: [email protected]) Accepted 28 August 2003 Development 130, 6175-6185 Published by The Company of Biologists 2003 doi:10.1242/dev.00845 Summary Early patterning of the vertebrate midbrain and region in the midbrain, correlating with cerebellum cerebellum is regulated by a mid/hindbrain organizer that development. By contrast, FGF17b and FGF18 mimic produces three fibroblast growth factors (FGF8, FGF17 FGF8a by causing expansion of the midbrain and and FGF18). The mechanism by which each FGF upregulating midbrain gene expression. This result is contributes to patterning the midbrain, and induces a consistent with Fgf17 and Fgf18 being expressed in the cerebellum in rhombomere 1 (r1) is not clear. We and midbrain and not just in r1 as Fgf8 is. Third, analysis of others have found that FGF8b can transform the midbrain gene expression in mouse brain explants with beads soaked into a cerebellum fate, whereas FGF8a can promote in FGF8b or FGF17b showed that the distinct activities of midbrain development. In this study we used a chick FGF17b and FGF8b are not due to differences in the electroporation assay and in vitro mouse brain explant amount of FGF17b protein produced in vivo. -
Fgf8 Is Mutated in Zebrafish Acerebellar
Development 125, 2381-2395 (1998) 2381 Printed in Great Britain © The Company of Biologists Limited 1998 DEV1265 Fgf8 is mutated in zebrafish acerebellar (ace) mutants and is required for maintenance of midbrain-hindbrain boundary development and somitogenesis Frank Reifers1, Heike Böhli1, Emily C. Walsh2, Phillip H. Crossley2, Didier Y. R. Stainier2 and Michael Brand1,* 1Department of Neurobiology, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 364, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany 2Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143-0554, USA *Author for correspondence (e-mail: [email protected]) Accepted 2 April; published on WWW 3 June 1998 SUMMARY We describe the isolation of zebrafish Fgf8 and its gastrulation, and that Fgf8 functions later during expression during gastrulation, somitogenesis, fin bud and somitogenesis to polarize the midbrain. Fgf8 is also early brain development. By demonstrating genetic linkage expressed in a dorsoventral gradient during gastrulation and by analysing the structure of the Fgf8 gene, we show and ectopically expressed Fgf8 can dorsalize embryos. that acerebellar is a zebrafish Fgf8 mutation that may Nevertheless, acerebellar mutants show only mild inactivate Fgf8 function. Homozygous acerebellar embryos dorsoventral patterning defects. Also, in spite of the lack a cerebellum and the midbrain-hindbrain boundary prominent role suggested for Fgf8 in limb development, the organizer. Fgf8 function is required to maintain, but not pectoral fins are largely unaffected in the mutants. Fgf8 is initiate, expression of Pax2.1 and other marker genes in this therefore required in development of several important area. We show that Fgf8 and Pax2.1 are activated in signaling centers in the zebrafish embryo, but may be adjacent domains that only later become overlapping, and redundant or dispensable for others. -
Propranolol-Mediated Attenuation of MMP-9 Excretion in Infants with Hemangiomas
Supplementary Online Content Thaivalappil S, Bauman N, Saieg A, Movius E, Brown KJ, Preciado D. Propranolol-mediated attenuation of MMP-9 excretion in infants with hemangiomas. JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. doi:10.1001/jamaoto.2013.4773 eTable. List of All of the Proteins Identified by Proteomics This supplementary material has been provided by the authors to give readers additional information about their work. © 2013 American Medical Association. All rights reserved. Downloaded From: https://jamanetwork.com/ on 10/01/2021 eTable. List of All of the Proteins Identified by Proteomics Protein Name Prop 12 mo/4 Pred 12 mo/4 Δ Prop to Pred mo mo Myeloperoxidase OS=Homo sapiens GN=MPO 26.00 143.00 ‐117.00 Lactotransferrin OS=Homo sapiens GN=LTF 114.00 205.50 ‐91.50 Matrix metalloproteinase‐9 OS=Homo sapiens GN=MMP9 5.00 36.00 ‐31.00 Neutrophil elastase OS=Homo sapiens GN=ELANE 24.00 48.00 ‐24.00 Bleomycin hydrolase OS=Homo sapiens GN=BLMH 3.00 25.00 ‐22.00 CAP7_HUMAN Azurocidin OS=Homo sapiens GN=AZU1 PE=1 SV=3 4.00 26.00 ‐22.00 S10A8_HUMAN Protein S100‐A8 OS=Homo sapiens GN=S100A8 PE=1 14.67 30.50 ‐15.83 SV=1 IL1F9_HUMAN Interleukin‐1 family member 9 OS=Homo sapiens 1.00 15.00 ‐14.00 GN=IL1F9 PE=1 SV=1 MUC5B_HUMAN Mucin‐5B OS=Homo sapiens GN=MUC5B PE=1 SV=3 2.00 14.00 ‐12.00 MUC4_HUMAN Mucin‐4 OS=Homo sapiens GN=MUC4 PE=1 SV=3 1.00 12.00 ‐11.00 HRG_HUMAN Histidine‐rich glycoprotein OS=Homo sapiens GN=HRG 1.00 12.00 ‐11.00 PE=1 SV=1 TKT_HUMAN Transketolase OS=Homo sapiens GN=TKT PE=1 SV=3 17.00 28.00 ‐11.00 CATG_HUMAN Cathepsin G OS=Homo -
Different Fgfs Have Distinct Roles in Regulating Neurogenesis After Spinal Cord Injury in Zebrafish Yona Goldshmit1,2, Jean Kitty K
Goldshmit et al. Neural Development (2018) 13:24 https://doi.org/10.1186/s13064-018-0122-9 RESEARCHARTICLE Open Access Different Fgfs have distinct roles in regulating neurogenesis after spinal cord injury in zebrafish Yona Goldshmit1,2, Jean Kitty K. Y. Tang1, Ashley L. Siegel1, Phong D. Nguyen1, Jan Kaslin1, Peter D. Currie1 and Patricia R. Jusuf1,3* Abstract Background: Despite conserved developmental processes and organization of the vertebrate central nervous system, only some vertebrates including zebrafish can efficiently regenerate neural damage including after spinal cord injury. The mammalian spinal cord shows very limited regeneration and neurogenesis, resulting in permanent life-long functional impairment. Therefore, there is an urgent need to identify the cellular and molecular mechanisms that can drive efficient vertebrate neurogenesis following injury. A key pathway implicated in zebrafish neurogenesis is fibroblast growth factor signaling. Methods: In the present study we investigated the roles of distinctfibroblastgrowthfactormembersandtheir receptors in facilitating different aspects of neural development and regeneration at different timepoints following spinal cord injury. After spinal cord injury in adults and during larval development, loss and/or gain of Fgf signaling was combined with immunohistochemistry, in situ hybridization and transgenes marking motor neuron populations in in vivo zebrafish and in vitro mammalian PC12 cell culture models. Results: Fgf3 drives neurogenesis of Islet1 expressing motor neuron subtypes and mediate axonogenesis in cMet expressing motor neuron subtypes. We also demonstrate that the role of Fgf members are not necessarily simple recapitulating development. During development Fgf2, Fgf3 and Fgf8 mediate neurogenesis of Islet1 expressing neurons and neuronal sprouting of both, Islet1 and cMet expressing motor neurons. -
Supplementary Table 1: Adhesion Genes Data Set
Supplementary Table 1: Adhesion genes data set PROBE Entrez Gene ID Celera Gene ID Gene_Symbol Gene_Name 160832 1 hCG201364.3 A1BG alpha-1-B glycoprotein 223658 1 hCG201364.3 A1BG alpha-1-B glycoprotein 212988 102 hCG40040.3 ADAM10 ADAM metallopeptidase domain 10 133411 4185 hCG28232.2 ADAM11 ADAM metallopeptidase domain 11 110695 8038 hCG40937.4 ADAM12 ADAM metallopeptidase domain 12 (meltrin alpha) 195222 8038 hCG40937.4 ADAM12 ADAM metallopeptidase domain 12 (meltrin alpha) 165344 8751 hCG20021.3 ADAM15 ADAM metallopeptidase domain 15 (metargidin) 189065 6868 null ADAM17 ADAM metallopeptidase domain 17 (tumor necrosis factor, alpha, converting enzyme) 108119 8728 hCG15398.4 ADAM19 ADAM metallopeptidase domain 19 (meltrin beta) 117763 8748 hCG20675.3 ADAM20 ADAM metallopeptidase domain 20 126448 8747 hCG1785634.2 ADAM21 ADAM metallopeptidase domain 21 208981 8747 hCG1785634.2|hCG2042897 ADAM21 ADAM metallopeptidase domain 21 180903 53616 hCG17212.4 ADAM22 ADAM metallopeptidase domain 22 177272 8745 hCG1811623.1 ADAM23 ADAM metallopeptidase domain 23 102384 10863 hCG1818505.1 ADAM28 ADAM metallopeptidase domain 28 119968 11086 hCG1786734.2 ADAM29 ADAM metallopeptidase domain 29 205542 11085 hCG1997196.1 ADAM30 ADAM metallopeptidase domain 30 148417 80332 hCG39255.4 ADAM33 ADAM metallopeptidase domain 33 140492 8756 hCG1789002.2 ADAM7 ADAM metallopeptidase domain 7 122603 101 hCG1816947.1 ADAM8 ADAM metallopeptidase domain 8 183965 8754 hCG1996391 ADAM9 ADAM metallopeptidase domain 9 (meltrin gamma) 129974 27299 hCG15447.3 ADAMDEC1 ADAM-like, -
TABLE S1 Complete Overview of Protocols for Induction of Pscs Into
TABLE S1 Complete overview of protocols for induction of PSCs into renal lineages Ref 2D/ Cell type Protocol Days Growth factors Outcome Other analyses # 3D hiPSC, hESC, Collagen type I tx murine epidydymal fat pads,ex vivo 54 2D 8 Y27632, AA, CHIR, BMP7 IM miPSC, mESC Matrigel with murine fetal kidney hiPSC, hESC, Suspension,han tx murine epidydymal fat pads,ex vivo 54 2D 20 AA, CHIR, BMP7 IM miPSC, mESC ging drop with murine fetal kidney tx murine epidydymal fat pads,ex vivo 55 hiPSC, hESC Matrigel 2D 14 CHIR, TTNPB/AM580, Y27632 IM with murine fetal kidney Injury, tx murine epidydymal fat 57 hiPSC Suspension 2D 28 AA, CHIR, BMP7, TGF-β1, TTNPB, DMH1 NP pads,spinal cord assay Matrigel,membr 58 mNPC, hESC 3D 7 BPM7, FGF9, Heparin, Y27632, CHIR, LDN, BMP4, IGF1, IGF2 NP Clonal expansion ane filter iMatrix,spinal 59 hiPSC 3D 10 LIF, Y27632, FGF2/FGF9, TGF-α, DAPT, CHIR, BMP7 NP Clonal expansion cord assay iMatrix,spinal 59 murine NP 3D 8-19 LIF, Y27632, FGF2/FGF9, TGF- α, DAPT, CHIR, BMP7 NP Clonal expansion cord assay murine NP, Suspension, 60 3D 7-19 BMP7, FGF2, Heparin, Y27632, LIF NP Nephrotoxicity, injury model human NP membrane filter Suspension, Contractility and permeability assay, ex 61 hiPSC 2D 10 AA, BMP7, RA Pod gelatin vivo with murine fetal kidney Matrigel. 62 hiPSC, hESC fibronectin, 2D < 50 FGF2, AA, WNT3A, BMP4, BMP7, RA, FGF2, HGF or RA + VITD3 Pod collagen type I Matrigel, Contractility and uptake assay,ex vivo 63 hiPSC 2D 13 Y27632, CP21R7, BMP4, RA, BMP7, FGF9, VITD3 Pod collagen type I with murine fetal kidney Collagen -
The Roles of Fgfs in the Early Development of Vertebrate Limbs
Downloaded from genesdev.cshlp.org on September 26, 2021 - Published by Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press REVIEW The roles of FGFs in the early development of vertebrate limbs Gail R. Martin1 Department of Anatomy and Program in Developmental Biology, School of Medicine, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94143–0452 USA ‘‘Fibroblast growth factor’’ (FGF) was first identified 25 tion of two closely related proteins—acidic FGF and ba- years ago as a mitogenic activity in pituitary extracts sic FGF (now designated FGF1 and FGF2, respectively). (Armelin 1973; Gospodarowicz 1974). This modest ob- With the advent of gene isolation techniques it became servation subsequently led to the identification of a large apparent that the Fgf1 and Fgf2 genes are members of a family of proteins that affect cell proliferation, differen- large family, now known to be comprised of at least 17 tiation, survival, and motility (for review, see Basilico genes, Fgf1–Fgf17, in mammals (see Coulier et al. 1997; and Moscatelli 1992; Baird 1994). Recently, evidence has McWhirter et al. 1997; Hoshikawa et al. 1998; Miyake been accumulating that specific members of the FGF 1998). At least five of these genes are expressed in the family function as key intercellular signaling molecules developing limb (see Table 1). The proteins encoded by in embryogenesis (for review, see Goldfarb 1996). Indeed, the 17 different FGF genes range from 155 to 268 amino it may be no exaggeration to say that, in conjunction acid residues in length, and each contains a conserved with the members of a small number of other signaling ‘‘core’’ sequence of ∼120 amino acids that confers a com- molecule families [including WNT (Parr and McMahon mon tertiary structure and the ability to bind heparin or 1994), Hedgehog (HH) (Hammerschmidt et al. -
Seifert Et Al Fgf8 Dev2009.Pdf
RESEARCH ARTICLE 2643 Development 136, 2643-2651 (2009) doi:10.1242/dev.036830 Functional and phylogenetic analysis shows that Fgf8 is a marker of genital induction in mammals but is not required for external genital development Ashley W. Seifert1, Terry Yamaguchi2 and Martin J. Cohn1,3,* In mammalian embryos, male and female external genitalia develop from the genital tubercle. Outgrowth of the genital tubercle is maintained by the urethral epithelium, and it has been reported that Fgf8 mediates this activity. To test directly whether Fgf8 is required for external genital development, we conditionally removed Fgf8 from the cloacal/urethral epithelium. Surprisingly, Fgf8 is not necessary for initiation, outgrowth or normal patterning of the external genitalia. In early genital tubercles, we found no redundant Fgf expression in the urethral epithelium, which contrasts with the situation in the apical ectodermal ridge (AER) of the limb. Analysis of Fgf8 pathway activity showed that four putative targets are either absent from early genital tubercles or are not regulated by Fgf8. We therefore examined the distribution of Fgf8 protein and report that, although it is present in the AER, Fgf8 is undetectable in the genital tubercle. Thus, Fgf8 is transcribed, but the signaling pathway is not activated during normal genital development. A phylogenetic survey of amniotes revealed Fgf8 expression in genital tubercles of eutherian and metatherian mammals, but not turtles or alligators, indicating that Fgf8 expression is neither a required nor a conserved feature of amniote external genital development. The results indicate that Fgf8 expression is an early readout of the genital initiation signal rather than the signal itself. -
Fgf8 Induces Heart Development 227
Development 127, 225-235 (2000) 225 Printed in Great Britain © The Company of Biologists Limited 2000 DEV1488 Induction and differentiation of the zebrafish heart requires fibroblast growth factor 8 (fgf8/acerebellar) Frank Reifers1, Emily C. Walsh2, Sophie Léger1, Didier Y. R. Stainier2 and Michael Brand1,* 1Department of Neurobiology, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 364, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany 2Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143-0554, USA *Author for correspondence (e-mail: [email protected]) Accepted 1 November; published on WWW 20 December 1999 SUMMARY Vertebrate heart development is initiated from bilateral heart ventricle. Fgf8 is required for the earliest stages of lateral plate mesoderm that expresses the Nkx2.5 and nkx2.5 and gata4, but not gata6, expression in cardiac GATA4 transcription factors, but the extracellular signals precursors. Cardiac gene expression is restored in specifying heart precursor gene expression are not known. acerebellar mutant embryos by injecting fgf8 RNA, or by We describe here that the secreted signaling factor Fgf8 is implanting a Fgf8-coated bead into the heart primordium. expressed in and required for development of the zebrafish Pharmacological inhibition of Fgf signalling during heart precursors, particularly during initiation of cardiac formation of the heart primordium phenocopies the gene expression. fgf8 is mutated in acerebellar (ace) acerebellar heart phenotype, confirming that Fgf signaling mutants, and homozygous mutant embryos do not establish is required independently of earlier functions during normal circulation, although vessel formation is only gastrulation. These findings show that fgf8/acerebellar is mildly affected. In contrast, heart development, in required for induction and patterning of myocardial particular of the ventricle, is severely abnormal in precursors. -
Minimal 16Q Genomic Loss Implicates Cadherin-11 in Retinoblastoma
Minimal 16q Genomic Loss Implicates Cadherin-11 in Retinoblastoma Mellone N. Marchong,1,2 Danian Chen,1,6 Timothy W. Corson,1,3 Cheong Lee,1 Maria Harmandayan,1 Ella Bowles,1 Ning Chen,5 and Brenda L. Gallie1,2,3,4,5 1Divisions of Cancer Informatics and Cellular and Molecular Biology, Ontario Cancer Institute/Princess Margaret Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Departments of 2Medical Biophysics, 3Molecular and Medical Genetics, and 4Ophthalmology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; 5Retinoblastoma Solutions, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; and 6Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China Abstract compared with normal adult human retina. Our analyses Retinoblastoma is initiated by loss of both RB1 alleles. implicate CDH11, but not CDH13, as a potential tumor Previous studies have shown that retinoblastoma suppressor gene in retinoblastoma. (Mol Cancer Res tumors also show further genomic gains and losses. We 2004;2(9):495–503) now define a 2.62 Mbp minimal region of genomic loss of chromosome 16q22, which is likely to contain tumor suppressor gene(s), in 76 retinoblastoma tumors, using Introduction loss of heterozygosity (30 of 76 tumors) and quantitative Retinoblastoma is the most common intraocular tumor in multiplex PCR (71 of 76 tumors). The sequence-tagged children. Mutations of both alleles (M1 and M2) of the RB1 site WI-5835 within intron 2 of the cadherin-11 (CDH11) gene at chromosome 13q14 are necessary (1) for retinoblastoma gene showed the highest frequency of loss (54%, 22 of tumor initiation but not sufficient for malignant transformation 41 samples tested). -
Cell–Cell Adhesion Molecules During Neocortical Development
cells Review Stick around: Cell–Cell Adhesion Molecules during Neocortical Development David de Agustín-Durán † , Isabel Mateos-White † , Jaime Fabra-Beser and Cristina Gil-Sanz * Neural Development Laboratory, Instituto Universitario de Biomedicina y Biotecnología (BIOTECMED) and Departamento de Biología Celular, Facultat de Biología, Universidad de Valencia, 46100 Burjassot, Spain; [email protected] (D.d.A.-D.); [email protected] (I.M.-W.); [email protected] (J.F.-B.) * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +34-96-354-4173 † These authors contributed equally to this work. Abstract: The neocortex is an exquisitely organized structure achieved through complex cellular processes from the generation of neural cells to their integration into cortical circuits after complex migration processes. During this long journey, neural cells need to establish and release adhesive interactions through cell surface receptors known as cell adhesion molecules (CAMs). Several types of CAMs have been described regulating different aspects of neurodevelopment. Whereas some of them mediate interactions with the extracellular matrix, others allow contact with additional cells. In this review, we will focus on the role of two important families of cell–cell adhesion molecules (C-CAMs), classical cadherins and nectins, as well as in their effectors, in the control of fundamental processes related with corticogenesis, with special attention in the cooperative actions among the two families of C-CAMs. Keywords: CAMs; classical cadherins; nectins; neocortical development; radial glia cells; neurons; neuronal migration; axon targeting; synaptogenesis; neurodevelopmental disorders Citation: de Agustín-Durán, D.; Mateos-White, I.; Fabra-Beser, J.; 1. Introduction Gil-Sanz, C. Stick around: Cell–Cell The nervous system structure and functionality are sustained by an exceptionally Adhesion Molecules during complex network of interconnected cells. -
Identification of Shared and Unique Gene Families Associated with Oral
International Journal of Oral Science (2017) 9, 104–109 OPEN www.nature.com/ijos ORIGINAL ARTICLE Identification of shared and unique gene families associated with oral clefts Noriko Funato and Masataka Nakamura Oral clefts, the most frequent congenital birth defects in humans, are multifactorial disorders caused by genetic and environmental factors. Epidemiological studies point to different etiologies underlying the oral cleft phenotypes, cleft lip (CL), CL and/or palate (CL/P) and cleft palate (CP). More than 350 genes have syndromic and/or nonsyndromic oral cleft associations in humans. Although genes related to genetic disorders associated with oral cleft phenotypes are known, a gap between detecting these associations and interpretation of their biological importance has remained. Here, using a gene ontology analysis approach, we grouped these candidate genes on the basis of different functional categories to gain insight into the genetic etiology of oral clefts. We identified different genetic profiles and found correlations between the functions of gene products and oral cleft phenotypes. Our results indicate inherent differences in the genetic etiologies that underlie oral cleft phenotypes and support epidemiological evidence that genes associated with CL/P are both developmentally and genetically different from CP only, incomplete CP, and submucous CP. The epidemiological differences among cleft phenotypes may reflect differences in the underlying genetic causes. Understanding the different causative etiologies of oral clefts is