Claus Von Stauffenberg Valkyrie
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Operation Valkyrie
Operation Valkyrie Rastenburg, 20th July 1944 Claus Philipp Maria Schenk Graf von Stauffenberg (Jettingen- Scheppach, 15th November 1907 – Berlin, 21st July 1944) was a German army officer known as one of the leading officers who planned the 20th July 1944 bombing of Hitler’s military headquarters and the resultant attempted coup. As Bryan Singer’s film “Valkyrie”, starring Tom Cruise as the German officer von Stauffenberg, will be released by the end of December, SCALA is glad to present you the story of the 20 July plot through the historical photographs of its German collections. IClaus Graf Schenk von Stauffenberg 1934. Cod. B007668 2 Left: Carl and Nina Stauffenbergs’s wedding, 26th September 1933. Cod.B007660. Right: Claus Graf Schenk von Stauffenberg. 1934. Cod. B007663 3 Although he never joined the Nazi party, Claus von Stauffenberg fought in Africa during the Second World War as First Officer. After the explosion of a mine on 7th March 1943, von Stauffenberg lost his right hand, the left eye and two fingers of the left hand. Notwithstanding his disablement, he kept working for the army even if his anti-Nazi believes were getting firmer day by day. In fact he had realized that the 3rd Reich was leading Germany into an abyss from which it would have hardly risen. There was no time to lose, they needed to do something immediately or their country would have been devastated. Claus Graf Schenk von Stauffenberg (left) with Albrecht Ritter Mertz von Quirnheim in the courtyard of the OKH-Gebäudes in 4 Bendlerstrasse. Cod. B007664 The conspiracy of the German officers against the Führer led to the 20th July attack to the core of Hitler’s military headquarters in Rastenburg. -
United States of America V. Erhard Milch
War Crimes Trials Special List No. 38 Records of Case II United States of America v. Erhard Milch National Archives and Records Service, General Services Administration, Washington, D.C. 1975 Special List No. 38 Nuernberg War Crimes Trials Records of Case II United States of America v. Erhard Milch Compiled by John Mendelsohn National Archives and Records Service General Services Administration Washington: 1975 Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data United States. National Archives and Records Service. Nuernberg war crimes trial records. (Special list - National Archives and Records Service; no. 38) Includes index. l. War crime trials--N emberg--Milch case,l946-l947. I. Mendelsohn, John, l928- II. Title. III. Series: United States. National Archives and Records Service. Special list; no.38. Law 34l.6'9 75-6l9033 Foreword The General Services Administration, through the National Archives and Records Service, is· responsible for administering the permanently valuable noncurrent records of the Federal Government. These archival holdings, now amounting to more than I million cubic feet, date from the <;lays of the First Continental Congress and consist of the basic records of the legislative, judicial, and executive branches of our Government. The presidential libraries of Herbert Hoover, Franklin D. Roosevelt, Harry S. Truman, Dwight D. Eisenhower, John F. Kennedy, and Lyndon B. Johnson contain the papers of those Presidents and of many of their - associates in office. These research resources document significant events in our Nation's history , but most of them are preserved because of their continuing practical use in the ordinary processes of government, for the protection of private rights, and for the research use of scholars and students. -
World War II and the Holocaust Research Topics
Name _____________________________________________Date_____________ Teacher____________________________________________ Period___________ Holocaust Research Topics Directions: Select a topic from this list. Circle your top pick and one back up. If there is a topic that you are interested in researching that does not appear here, see your teacher for permission. Events and Places Government Programs and Anschluss Organizations Concentration Camps Anti-Semitism Auschwitz Book burning and censorship Buchenwald Boycott of Jewish Businesses Dachau Final Solution Ghettos Genocide Warsaw Hitler Youth Lodz Kindertransport Krakow Nazi Propaganda Kristalnacht Nazi Racism Olympic Games of 1936 Non-Jewish Victims of the Holocaust -boycott controversy -Jewish athletes Nuremburg Race laws of 1935 -African-American participation SS: Schutzstaffel Operation Valkyrie Books Sudetenland Diary of Anne Frank Voyage of the St. Louis Mein Kampf People The Arts Germans: Terezín (Theresienstadt) Adolf Eichmann Music and the Holocaust Joseph Goebbels Swingjugend (Swing Kids) Heinrich Himmler Claus von Stauffenberg Composers Richard Wagner Symbols Kurt Weill Swastika Yellow Star Please turn over Holocaust Research Topics (continued) Rescue and Resistance: Rescue and Resistance: People Events and Places Dietrich Bonhoeffer Danish Resistance and Evacuation of the Jews Varian Fry Non-Jewish Resistance Miep Gies Jewish Resistance Oskar Schindler Le Chambon (the French town Hans and Sophie Scholl that sheltered Jewish children) Irena Sendler Righteous Gentiles Raoul Wallenburg Warsaw Ghetto and the Survivors: Polish Uprising Viktor Frankl White Rose Elie Wiesel Simon Wiesenthal Research tip - Ask: Who? What? Where? When? Why? How? questions. . -
HFWS Crown College 2
Opening Remarks for the Exhibition “Claus Schenk Graf von Stauffenberg and the attempted coup of July 20, 1944” at Crown College, University of California Santa Cruz, on May 14, 2009 Hartmut F.-W. Sadrozinski * Ladies and Gentlemen Let me start by expressing my thanks to Crown College, and especially Provost Joel Ferguson and Ms. Sally Gaynor, for showing this exhibition about the German Resistance against Hitler. The exhibition describes the failed coup against Hitler on July 20, 1944 and the life of its main protagonist, Claus Schenk Graf von Stauffenberg. The exhibition has been assembled by the German Resistance Memorial Center in Berlin [1], and I am addressing you here representing the Memorial Foundation July 20 1944 [2], both of which I will introduce later in my talk. The Exhibition “Claus Schenk Graf von Stauffenberg and the attempted coup of July 20, 1944” and the movie “Valkyrie” 1 This exhibition coincides with the showing of the film “Valkyrie” [3], in which Tom Cruise portrays Count Stauffenberg, a colonel in the general staff of the German army. I hope that you have been able to see “Valkyrie” since it follows the historical facts of the planning, carrying out, failure and aftermath of the attempts of German officers to kill Hitler. The aim of the coup was not only to end the dictatorship by the Nazi Party and restore freedom and the rule of law in Germany, but also to bring the Second World War to a negotiated end, after 5 years of terrible destruction. Tom Cruise in the starring role guarantees that the heroic aspect of this courageous act receives the proper emphasis in the movie, since von Stauffenberg was not only one of the driving forces of the plot, but also volunteered to carry out the bombing of Hitler in his army headquarters “Wolf’s Lair”[4]. -
Handbook on German Army Identification
c rx . zt'fa. "r' w FOREWORD THIS HANDBOOK was prepared at the Military Intelligence Training Center, Camp Ritchie, Maryland, and is designed to provide a ready reference manual for intelligence person- nel in combat operations. The need for such a manual was so pressing that some errors and omissions are anticipated in the current edition. Any suggestions as to additions, or errors noted, should be reported directly to the Comman- dant, Military Intelligence Training Center, for correction in later editions. 513748 -- 43---1 HANDBOOK ON GERMAN ARMY IDENTIFICATION Left to right: Soldier (noncommissioned officer candidate-note silver cord across outer edge of shoulder strap), air force captain (belongs to staff, probably Air Ministry), SS Obergruppenfiihrer Josef Diet- rich (commander SS Division Adolf Hitler and chief of SS Oberabschnitt Ost), Hitler, Reichsfihrer SS Heinrich Himmler (head of the SS and German police). WAR DEPARTMENT, WASHINGTON, APRIL 9, 1943. HANDBOOK ON GERMAN ARMY IDENTIFICATION SECTION I. General. Paragraph Identification of German military and semi- military organizations --- ______ 1 II. German Order of Battle. Definition--___------------------------_ 2 Purpose and scope --- __ ___---- ----- 3 III. The German Army (Das Deutsche Heer). Uniforms and equipment-------_------- 4 German Army identifications of specialists - - 5 Colors of arms of service (Waffenfarbe) ___- _ _ 6 Enlisted men (Mannschaften)__ _____ 7 Noncommissioned officers (Unteroffiziere) .-- 8 Officers (Offiziere)--------------.--------- 9 German identification -
Tenacity of German Conspiracy Against Nazi Regime In
TENACITY OF GERMAN CONSPIRACY AGAINST NAZI REGIME IN BRIAN SINGER’S VALKYRIE MOVIE (2008): A SOCIOLOGICAL APPROACH PUBLICATION ARTICLE Submitted as a Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for Getting Bachelor Degree of Education in English Department by HANIF NURCHOLISH ADIANTIKA A 320 080 061 SCHOOL OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA 2012 1 | Hanif Nurcholish Adiantika TENACITY OF GERMAN CONSPIRACY AGAINST NAZI REGIME IN BRIAN SINGER’S VALKYRIE MOVIE (2008): A SOCIOLOGICAL APPROACH Hanif Nurcholish Adiantika (School of Teacher Training and Education, Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta) [email protected] ABSTRACT The problem of the study is to reveal how German conspiracy reflects the tenacity against Nazi regime. The objective of the study is to analyze the film based on the structural analysis and based on the sociological approach. The research is qualitative research. Types of data of the study are text and image taken from two data sources: primary and secondary. The primary data source is Valkyrie movie directed by Brian Singer released in 2008. The secondary data sources are other materials taken from books, internet and other relevant information. Both data are collected through library research and analyzed by descriptive analysis. The study comes to the following conclusion. First, based on structural analysis of each elements, it shows that the character and the characterization, casting, plot, setting, point of view, style, theme, message, mise-en-scene, cinematography, sound, and editing are related one another and form of unity. Second, based on the sociological analysis, the writer concludes that the problems of the research is that the tenacity of German conspiracy to assassinate Adolf Hitler in order to end the World War II. -
Battle for the Ruhr: the German Army's Final Defeat in the West" (2006)
Louisiana State University LSU Digital Commons LSU Doctoral Dissertations Graduate School 2006 Battle for the Ruhr: The rGe man Army's Final Defeat in the West Derek Stephen Zumbro Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_dissertations Part of the History Commons Recommended Citation Zumbro, Derek Stephen, "Battle for the Ruhr: The German Army's Final Defeat in the West" (2006). LSU Doctoral Dissertations. 2507. https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_dissertations/2507 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at LSU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in LSU Doctoral Dissertations by an authorized graduate school editor of LSU Digital Commons. For more information, please [email protected]. BATTLE FOR THE RUHR: THE GERMAN ARMY’S FINAL DEFEAT IN THE WEST A Dissertation Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of the Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in The Department of History by Derek S. Zumbro B.A., University of Southern Mississippi, 1980 M.S., University of Southern Mississippi, 2001 August 2006 Table of Contents ABSTRACT...............................................................................................................................iv INTRODUCTION.......................................................................................................................1 -
The Royal Hungarian Army 1920 - 1945 Volume I Organization and History
The Royal Hungarian Army 1920 - 1945 Volume I Organization and History Leo W.G. Niehorster 2 The Royal Hungarian Army 1920 - 1945 The Royal Hungarian Army 1920 – 1945 by Leo W.G. Niehorster Copyright © 1998 and 2010 by Leo W.G. Niehorster All rights reserved. Except for use in a review, no portion of this book may be reproduced in any form without the express written permission of the pub- lisher. Neither the author nor the publisher assumes any responsibility for the use or misuse of information contained in this book. The Royal Hungarian Army 1920 - 1945 3 CONTENTS Page Foreword .................................................................................................................................. 4 Hungarian Military Organizational Symbols................................................................................ 5 A Short Review of Hungarian History up to 1920 ....................................................................... 6 Part I The Royal Hungarian Army 1920 – 1941 Chapter 1 Hungary Between the Wars ................................................................................... 16 Chapter 2 Military Organization and the Armed Forces ........................................................ 21 Chapter 3 The Ground Forces to 1941 ................................................................................... 38 Chapter 4 The Air Force to 1941............................................................................................ 54 Chapter 5 The River Forces to 1941 ..................................................................................... -
Claus Von Stauffenberg and the July 20Th Conspirators in German and American Filmic Representations of the July 20Th Plot
LIGHTS, CAMERA, CREATING HEROES IN ACTION: CLAUS VON STAUFFENBERG AND THE JULY 20TH CONSPIRATORS IN GERMAN AND AMERICAN FILMIC REPRESENTATIONS OF THE JULY 20TH PLOT Kenneth Rex Baker, III A Thesis Submitted to the Graduate College of Bowling Green State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF ARTS August 2009 Committee: Christina Guenther, Advisor Geoffrey Howes ii ABSTRACT Christina Guenther, Advisor Nearly 65 years have passed since filmic representations of the July 20th Plot began to be produced in West Germany in order to assist in the rehabilitation process of post-World War II German identity. This paper focuses on a close reading of German and American filmic representations of the July 20th Plot since 1955, within the context of the event’s historiography, in order to present a new perspective from which to understand their different cultural Rezeptionsgeschichte. Additionally, special emphasis is placed on the figure of Colonel Claus Schenk Graf von Stauffenberg as he is the main protagonist in each of the films analyzed: Es geschah am 20. Juli (1955), Der 20. Juli (1955), Stauffenberg (2004), and Valkyrie (2008). The process of establishing a positive (West) German identity independent of Hitler’s Nazi legacy took place not only within the political arena, but also in popular culture productions, such as film. An integral aspect of creating this new identity lay in heroizing the July 20th conspirators, which is the main focus of each of these films, in order to help establish an honorable tradition based on German resistance to Hitler’s rule. -
Untitled [James Koch on Heroes Or Traitors: the German Replacement Army, the July Plot, and Adolf Hitler and Operation Valkyrie
Walter S. Dunn, Jr.. Heroes or Traitors: The German Replacement Army, the July Plot, and Adolf Hitler. Westport: Praeger, 2003. x + 180 pp. $39.95, cloth, ISBN 978-0-275-97715-3. Pierre Galante Silianoff, with EugÖ¨ne. Operation Valkyrie: The German Generals' Plot against Hitler. New York: Cooper Square Press, 2002. 299 pp. $17.95, paper, ISBN 978-0-8154-1179-6. Reviewed by James V. Koch Published on H-German (July, 2004) The supply of new books dealing with World front lines in the frst half of 1944 so that these War II appears to be almost limitless. My Febru‐ troops could be used to buttress the plotters' coup. ary 2004 search on Amazon.com for books deal‐ Dunn argues that "the formation of at least sixty ing with "World War II" generated a mere 99,152 new divisions would have been possible before choices, of which several thousand had been June 1944" (p. xi) and that the destruction of Army added in the last year alone. Hence, one can be Group Center in summer 1944 and the defeat of forgiven for expressing delight when a book ap‐ the Germans in Normandy might well have been pears that, if its arguments hold water, would averted, had these troops been made available. shift dramatically how we interpret the last eigh‐ "The catastrophes in July and August 1944 were teen months of the war in Europe. not mere coincidences" (p. xviii), argues Dunn, Walter S. Dunn Jr.'s Heroes or Traitors: The nor was the seemingly miraculous recovery of the German Replacement Army, the July Plot, and Wehrmacht in Fall 1944. -
Hitler and the Nazis 20Th April 1889 30Th January 1933 Nazis Rise to Power Nazi Control & Terror Nazi Education
Hitler and the Nazis 20th April 1889 30th January 1933 Nazis Rise to Power Nazi Control & Terror Nazi Education Hitler Youth Women in Nazi Germany Economy in Nazi Germany Nazi Propaganda Opposition to the Nazis Persecution of the Jews nazis Rise to power Click on each image to see a short clip about why Hitler & the Nazis came to power 2.Hatred of Treaty of 8.The Reichstag Fire Versailles (2.15) (4.35) 3.Munich Putsch made 1.Early life of Adolf Hitler 7.How Hitler Became Hitler famous (6.14) (14.23) Chancellor (9.29) 4.Skilled/Popular 5.Who voted for Hitler? 6.The Rise of the Nazis Speaker (2.36) (2.50) (4.14) nazi CONTROL & TERROR Key Quote “Terror is the best political weapon for nothing drives people harder than a fear of sudden death.” Nazi State There were five main areas of ‘control’ within Nazi Germany 1. Concentration Camps 2. Legal System 3. Propaganda 4. Schutzstaffel (SS) 5. Gestapo GEHEIME STAATS POLIZEI SECRET STATE POLICE Heinrich Himmler Commander of the SS and the Gestapo The leaders of the Gestapo Reinhard Heydrich Heinrich Muller Director of the Gestapo 1934-1939 Director of the Gestapo 1939-1945 Secret State Police force set up to investigate all ‘enemies of the state’ in Germany Only 8,000 officers but over 160,000 informers – their greatest weapon Experts in torture and interrogation techniques Operated without any restrictions or consequences Famous for the Gestapo ‘knock on the door’ Those ‘visited’ by the Gestapo would be taken to prison or a concentration camp or they might never been seen again If you wanted to avoid a visit from the Gestapo then you said only positive things about life in Nazi Germany or you said nothing at all How did Hitler keep control of Germany? The Terror State Propaganda Secret police called the Mass Rallies, Posters Gestapo would spy on and Propaganda films. -
SPECIAL OCCASIONAL PAPER “July 20, 1944 – Who Were the Traitors? the Legal Perspective of Operation Valkyrie”
2009/#1 SPECIAL OCCASIONAL PAPER “July 20, 1944 – Who Were the Traitors? The Legal Perspective of Operation Valkyrie” An address by Dr. Hansjörg Heppe Director of the Dallas Warburg Chapter, Associate Attorney at Locke Lord Bissell & Liddell LLP, and ACG Young Leader Alumnus (2006) before the Dallas Eric M. Warburg Chapter of the American Council on Germany January 11, 2009 Dallas, Texas Operation Valkyrie was a plan devised by Adolf Hitler to suppress civil unrest that might be triggered by insurgencies in labor or concentration camps within Nazi Germany. Colonel Klaus Count Stauffenberg and other resistance fighters rewrote this plan to include civil unrest caused or utilized by Nazi leaders. Their intention was to: (1) kill Hitler; (2) blame Hitler’s death on his rivals within the Nazi regime; (3) set Operation Valkyrie in motion in order to (a) arrest all Nazi leaders, and (b) dismantle the SS, SA, and all other Nazi organizations; (4) shut down the concentration camps and release their prisoners; and (5) restore order and dignity in Germany. On July 20, 1944, Stauffenberg flew from Berlin to the Wolf’s Lair, the eastern-front military headquarters of the German high command in what is now Poland, to participate in a briefing of Hitler. During that briefing, Stauffenberg managed to deposit an explosive device in close proximity to Hitler and then left the briefing before the device went off. Hitler escaped the blast uninjured. Unaware that the plan to kill Hitler had failed, Stauffenberg returned to Berlin to participate in Operation Valkyrie. Also on July 20, 1944, Major Otto Remer was the commanding officer of the Regiment Gross-Deutschland, the guard of Berlin, and a strong supporter of the Nazi regime.