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Common Report on Air Quality in the Black Triangle Region 2002

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Common Report on Air Quality in the Black Triangle Region 2002 Common Report on Air Quality in the Black Triangle Region 2002 Spoleèná zpráva o kvalitì ovzduí v oblasti Èerného trojúhelníku v roce 2002 Gemeinsamer Bericht zur Luftqualität im Schwarzen Dreieck 2002 Wspólny raport o jakoci powietrza w obszarze Czarnego Trójk¹ta w 2002 Editing agencies: Èeský hydrometeorologický ústav (ÈHMÚ), Wojewódzki Inspektorat Ochrony rodowiska (WIO), Sächsisches Landesamt für Umwelt und Geologie (LfUG), Umweltbundesamt (UBA) Authors: Jan Abraham, Frank Berger, Ró¿a Ciechanowicz-Kusztal, Gra¿yna Jod³owska-Opyd, Dagmar Kallweit, Josef Keder, Waldemar Kulaszka, Jiøí Novák Cover design: Wies³awa Morawiak, Artur Krajewski Photo: Janusz Moniatowicz © WIO Wroc³aw 2003 Technical revision: Jan Abraham, Even Èerný, Gra¿yna Jod³owska-Opyd Data sources: ÈHMÚ, WIO, LfUG, UBA, Instytut Meteorologii i Gospodarki Wodnej (IMGW), Urz¹d Marsza³kowski (UM) URLs: Czech: www.env.cz www.chmi.cz German: www.umweltbundesamt.de www.umwelt.sachsen.de/lfug Polish: www.jgora.pios.gov.pl/wwm/index.htm © 2003 ÈHMÚ, WIO, LfUG, UBA ISBN 83-913208-9-2 Przygotowanie sk³adu i druk raportu finansowano ze rodków NFOiGW na zamówienie Ministra rodowiska Layout: Wydawnictwo Jaremen INTRODUCTION. 6 WSTÊP . 6 1. GEOGRAPHY, ECONOMY AND CLIMATE 1. WARUNKI GEOGRAFICZNE, EKONOMICZNE CONDITIONS IN THE BLACK TRIANGLE I KLIMATYCZNE W REGIONIE REGION. 9 CZARNEGO TRÓJK¥TA . 9 1.1. Description of the Black Triangle Air 1.1. Opis systemu monitoringu powietrza Monitoring System . 9 Czarny Trójk¹t . 9 1.2. Climate and geographical conditions . 13 1.2. Warunki klimatyczne i geograficzne . 13 2. AIR QUALITY STANDARDS . 21 2. NORMY JAKOCI POWIETRZA . 21 2.1. Czech Republic . 21 2.1. Republika Czeska . 21 2.2. Germany . 21 2.2. Niemcy . 21 2.3. Poland . 21 2.3. Polska . 21 2.4. European Communities . .25 2.4. Wspólnoty Europejskie . 25 3. CHARACTERISTICS OF THE AMBIENT 3. CHARAKTERYSTYKA JAKOCI AIR QUALITY . 29 POWIETRZA . 29 3.1. Emission tendencies . 29 3.1. Tendencje emisji . 29 3.2. Changes in air pollution 1996-2002 . 32 3.2. Zmiany zanieczyszczenia powietrza 1996 - 2002 . 32 3.3. Air pollution in the Black Triangle Region 3.3. Zanieczyszczenie powietrza w Regionie Czarnego in 2002 with reference to standards Trójk¹ta w roku 2002 w odniesieniu do norm of European Communities . 37 Unii Europejskiej . 37 3.3.1. Council Directive 1999/30/EC of 3.3.1. Dyrektywa Rady Europy 1999/30/EC z dnia 22 April 1999 relating to limit values for 22 kwietnia 1999 roku odnosz¹ca siê do warto- sulphur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide and ci granicznych dla dwutlenku siarki, dwutlen- oxides of nitrogen, particulate matter ku azotu i tlenków azotu, py³u zawieszonego and lead in ambient air . 37 i o³owiu w otaczaj¹cym powietrzu . 37 3.3.1.1. Limit values for 3.3.1.1. Wartoci graniczne dla sulphur dioxide . .37 dwutlenku siarki . 37 3.3.1.2. Limit values for nitrogen 3.3.1.2. Wartoci graniczne dla dwutlenku dioxide and oxides of nitrogen . 38 azotu i tlenków azotu . 38 3.3.1.3. Limit values 3.3.1.3. Wartoæ graniczna dla py³u for particulate matter (PM10) . .39 zawieszonego (PM10) . 39 3.3.1.4. Limit value for lead . 40 3.3.1.4. Wartoæ graniczna dla o³owiu . 40 3.3.2. Council Directive 2000/69/EC of 3.3.2. Dyrektywa Rady Europy 2000/69/EC 16 November 2000 relating to limit z dnia 16 listopada 2000 odnosz¹ca siê do values for benzene and carbon wartoci granicznych benzenu i tlenku monoxide in ambient air . 43 wêgla w otaczaj¹cym powietrzu . 43 3.3.2.1. Limit value for carbon monoxide . 43 3.3.2.1. Wartoæ graniczna dla tlenku wêgla . 43 3.3.2.2. Limit value for benzene . 45 3.3.2.2. Wartoæ graniczna dla benzenu . 45 3.3.3. EU-Directive 2002/3/EC of 12 February 3.3.3. Dyrektywa EU 2002/3/EC z 12 lutego 2002 2002 on the ozone content in the air . 46 dotycz¹ca zawartoci ozonu w powietrzu . .46 3.3.4. Draft of the Council Directive 3.3.4. Projekt Dyrektywy Rady 2003/0164(COD) 2003/0164(COD) of 16 July 2003 z 16 lipca 2003 na temat arsenu, kadmu, relating to arsenic, cadmium, mercury, rtêci, niklu i wielopiercieniowych nickel and polycyclic aromatic wêglowodorów aromatycznych hydrocarbons in ambient air . 51 w otaczaj¹cym powietrzu . 51 3.3.4.1. Target values for heavy metals: 3.3.4.1. Wartoci docelowe dla metali As - 6 ng/m3; Cd - 5 ng/m3, ciê¿kich: As - 6 ng/m3; Cd - 5 ng/m3; Ni - 20 ng/m3 . 51 Ni - 20 ng/m3 . 51 3.3.4.2. Target values for the 3.3.4.2. Wartoci docelowe dla markerów carcinogenic risk marker substancji ryzyka rakotwórczego: substance: BaP 1 ng/m3 . 52 BaP 1 ng/m3 . 52 3.3.5. Wet deposition . .58 3.3.5. Depozycja mokra . 58 3.4. Air pollution episodes in the Black Triangle 3.4. Epizody zanieczyszczenia powietrza w Regionie Region in 2002 . 68 Czarnego Trójk¹ta w 2002 roku . 68 3.4.1. Summer smog episode . 68 3.4.1. Letni epizod smogowy . 68 3.4.2. Maximum concentration of PM10 3.4.2. Maksymalne stê¿enia PM10 w okresie in wintertime / Winter episode . 71 zimowym / epizod zimowy . 71 4. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS . 75 4. PODSUMOWANIE I WNIOSKI . 75 5. RECOMMENDATIONS FOR FURTHER WORK . 80 5. ZALECENIA DOTYCZ¥CE PRZYSZ£EJ PRACY . 80 LIST OF TABLES . 82 SPIS TABEL . 82 LIST OF FIGURES . 86 SPIS RYSUNKÓW . 86 INTRODUCTION WSTÊP Problems concerning air pollution in the Problemy dotycz¹ce zanieczyszczenia powie- Black Triangle region (covering Northern Bohe- trza w regionie Czarnego Trójk¹ta, obejmu- mia, part of Lower Silesia and Saxony) could be j¹cego pó³nocn¹ Bohemiê, czêæ Dolnego l¹- best solved by a trilateral approach, due to their ska i Saksoniê, mog³y byæ najlepiej rozwi¹zane transboundary nature. Having recognised this, przy trójstronnym podejciu, stosownie do ich the ministers of environment of the former transgranicznego charakteru. Uznaj¹c to, mini- Czechoslovakia, Germany and Poland signed, in strowie ochrony rodowiska dawnej Czecho- June 1991, a joint declaration of cooperation in s³owacji, Niemiec i Polski podpisali w czerwcu solving environmental problems in the Black 1991 roku wspóln¹ deklaracjê o wspó³pracy Triangle. The European Commission was invit- w rozwi¹zywaniu problemów dotycz¹cych ro- ed as the fourth partner in this initiative and to dowiska w Czarnym Trójk¹cie. Komisja Euro- assist the region financially. Since then the pejska zosta³a zaproszona jako czwarty partner PHARE Black Triangle Project has provided do tej inicjatywy i do udzielenia finansowej more than 13 million ECU, mostly on small pomocy Regionowi. Od chwili powstania Pro- demonstration projects focused on improving jekt PHARE Czarny Trójk¹t dostarczy³ ponad the environment quality in the Czech and Polish 13 milionów ECU przede wszystkim na ma³e part of the Black Triangle (BT). This was a projekty demonstracyjne, skierowane na popra- small contribution to substantial efforts of the wê jakoci rodowiska w czeskiej i polskiej three national governments and industry which czêci Czarnego Trójk¹ta (BT). By³ to ma³y have resulted in the significant improvement of wk³ad do istotnych wysi³ków trzech rz¹dów kra- air and water quality in the Black Triangle jowych i przemys³u, dziêki którym nast¹pi³a region. znaczna poprawa jakoci powietrza i wody w re- At the end of March 2000 representatives of gionie Czarnego Trójk¹ta. the Ministries of the Environment of Germany, Pod koniec marca 2000 roku przedstawiciele Poland and the Czech Republic met again at the ministerstw rodowiska Niemiec, Polski i Re- regional conference in Dresden and decided on publiki Czeskiej spotkali siê ponownie na kon- the continuation of the successful, trilateral, ferencji regionalnej w Drenie i podjêli decyzjê ongoing cooperation. Since the PHARE pro- o kontynuacji dotychczasowej owocnej, trój- gram has finished, cooperation has been taken stronnej wspó³pracy. Po zakoñczeniu programu over, for the time being, by a high-rank working PHARE wspó³praca jest prowadzona przez group and later by a group of authorised coordi- wysoko wyspecjalizowan¹ grupê robocz¹, a na- nators, designated by the respective country. In stêpnie bêdzie rozwijana przez grupê upowa¿- the future the activities will have a strong nionych koordynatorów, wyznaczonych przez regional relevance and be self-financed by the poszczególne pañstwa. W przysz³oci dzia³ania countries and regions, as far as possible. bêd¹ bazowa³y na silnych regionalnych powi¹- The main tangible achievement of the Black zaniach i bêd¹ wspó³finansowane przez kraje Triangle Project, so far, was the establishment i regiony tak d³ugo jak bêdzie to mo¿liwe. and operation of the Joint Air Monitoring Jak dotychczas najbardziej widocznym osi¹g- System (JAMS) which consists of more than 40 niêciem Projektu Czarny Trójk¹t by³o ustano- monitoring stations. The trilateral Protocol on wienie i uruchomienie Wspólnego Systemu Air Quality Data Exchange signed on 17 Sep- Monitoringu Powietrza (JAMS), który sk³ada tember 1996 facilitated an effective exchange of siê z oko³o 40 stacji monitoringowych. Pod- data among the three partner countries. The pisanie trójstronnego porozumienia na temat JAMS cooperation is supported by a trilateral wymiany danych o jakoci powietrza 17 wrze- Working Group consisting of representatives of nia 1996 roku umo¿liwi³o skuteczn¹ wymianê the Czech Hydrometeorological Institute in danych miêdzy trzema partnerskimi krajami. Prague and Ústí nad Labem, Saxon State Wspó³praca w ramach JAMS jest wspierana Authority for the Environment and Geology in przez trójstronn¹ Grupê Robocz¹, sk³adaj¹c¹ siê 6 COMMON REPORT ON AIR QUALITY IN THE BLACK TRIANGLE REPORT Radebeul/Dresden, Federal Environmental z przedstawicieli Czeskiego Instytutu Hydro- Agency in Berlin and the Voivodship meteorologicznego, Saksoñskiego Urzêdu Kra- Inspectorate for Environmental Protection in jowego do spraw rodowiska i Geologii, Wroc³aw and Jelenia Góra.
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