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Third Quarter Updated.Qxd Magazine of the Documentation Center of Cambodia Searching for THE TRUTH Truth That Could Not Be Hidden On Trial : The Khmer Rouge Accountability Process «The weak can never forgive. Forgiveness is the SpecialEnglish Edition Third Quarter 2009 attribute of the strong.» -- Gandhi Searching for the truth. TABLE OF CONTENTS Magazine of the Documentation Center of Cambodia Special English Edition, Third Quarter 2009 LETTER Letter from Youk Chhang: An Appointment Which does Not Serve Victim´s Interest 1 Truth That Could Not Be Hidden 2 DOCUMENTATION Ta Phe's Knowledge: Subordinates Did Not Do Whatever They Wanted 3 Society and Enviroment 4 Bin Sambok : Soldier in Division 310 6 HISTORY Film Screening at Ampe Phnom Memorial Site: Popular Reactions to Duch's Hearing 8 Reaching Out to the Cham-Muslim Community in Kampot 12 Through The Eyes of Tuol Sleng Prisoners 14 History For DC-Cam 16 LEGAL Forgiveness Is Not a Requirement 21 Villagers are watching film screening about Duch´s trial Engaging Cham Muslims in Khmer Rouge History Learning 25 Ordinary People and Extraordinary Crimes 30 Copyright © On Trial: The Khmer Rouge Accountability Process 31 Documentation Center of Cambodia All rights reserved. PUBLIC DEBATE Peace, Justice and Reconciliation Should Be Licensed by the Ministry of Information of Attached to Cambodian Immigrants in Sydney 41 the Royal Government of Cambodia, Buddhism Under Pol Pot 43 Prakas No.0291 P.M99, Khmer Kampuchea Krom: A Memorial Initiative 46 2 August 1999. Victims' Reactions to Duch's Apology: Is Photographs by Forgiveness Possible? 50 the Documentation Center of Cambodia and FAMILY TRACING Tuol Sleng Genocide Museum. Wait for Tomorrow 52 Contributors: Vannak Sok, Sok-Kheang Ly, Savina Sirik, Adam Coady, Spencer Cryder, Pechet Men, David Chandler, Kalia Lykourgou, Farina So, Toni Holness, John D. Ciorciari, Pheng Pong Rasy, Ian Harris and Terith Chy. Staff Writers: Bunthorn Som, Tat Leakhena, Sothida Sin, Marem Tes. English Editor: Socheat Nhean and Anne Heindel. Editor-iin-CChief and Publisher: Youk Chhang. Graphic Designers: Sopheak Sim. Distributor: Sophat Morm. Email: [email protected], Homepage: www.dccam.org SEARCHING FOR THE TRUTH X LETTER LETTER FROM YOUK CHHANG: AN APPOINTMENT WHICH DOES NOT SERVE VICTIM'S INTEREST I am writing to express my concern about the the appointment of a non-Cambodian does not live procedures followed in the redeployment of Dr. up to the spirit of the agreement establishing the Helen Jarvis from the ECCC Public Affairs Unit to the Court and its promotion of strong Cambodian Victims Unit. It is my understanding that the ownership of the process. Regarding the Head of position of Head of Victims Unit was never publicly Victims Unit in particular, in designating this as a advertised after the departure of Bophal Keat, as Cambodian national position, the Court has recognized required by the Court's competitive recruitment both the symbolic and practical importance of having policies. I am concerned that after allegations of it filled by a native Khmer speaker who can empathize hiring improprieties aimed at the Office of with victims from a Cambodian perspective. Instead, Administration and commendable efforts to resolve it appears at present that the unit working most them, the OA appears not to have followed its closely with survivors will be led by two foreigners. newly adopted guidelines. I hope that any irregularities I do not believe would be the best way to serve the in Dr. Jarvis' redeployment will be acknowledged interests of the Court or victims of Democratic and remedied. Kampuchea. I am also concerned about the selection of a ________________________________ non-Cambodian for the crucial role of Head of the Youk Chhang is the Director of the Documentation Victims Unit. Although Dr. Jarvis holds a Cambodian Center of Cambodia and Editor-iin-CChief of passport, she is an Australian national. In my view, Searching for the Truth magazine. Youk Chhang distribute “A History of Democratic Kampuchea” to students in Kampong Thom province DOCUMENTATION CENTER OF CAMBODIA (DC-CAM) X 1 SPECIAL ENGLISH EDITION, THIRD QUARTER 2009 TRUTH THAT COULD NOT BE HIDDEN Socheat Nhean On July 2, 2009, Duch, a former chief of S-21 had not yet been found. now on trial at the Extraordinary Chambers in the In response to Duch's doubts and to find out Court of Cambodia (ECCC), denied that Norng the historical truth, two DC-Cam staff, Hin Sotheany Chan Phal was an S-21 child survivor during trial and Sok Vannak, decided to search for Phal's mother's proceedings. Duch stressed that the Khmer Rouge biography in DC-Cam archive. Fortunately, they had no policy to keep children or anyone else alive; found the biography left behind by the Khmer Rouge instead, they killed everyone before the KR fled in regime and submitted it to the ECCC the same day. January 1979. Therefore, Duch did not believe that After receiving the biography, ECCC co- Norng Chan Phal had survived S-21. Moreover, Phal prosecutors announced the good news to the court did not have any documentary proof to show the immediately. The biography showed that Phal's court that he and his mother were S-21 prisoners. mother, named Mom Yov, was the last prisoner who Phal is one of the witnesses testifying in the arrived at S-21 on January 1, 1979, a week before trial watched by millions of Khmer Rouge survivors the Khmer Rouge regime fell. living in the country and abroad. Duch's refusal After the file was discovered, Chhang criticized sparked confusion among the public and people the investigating judges for not working hard enough were curious to see if Phal was really a former prisoner to search for any supporting documents for this at S-21. witness. After working closely with and interviewing After Phal's mother's biography was shown Phal several times, the Documentation Center of in the court, Duch expressed his apology to Phal in Cambodia (DC-Cam) believed that Phal was a former front of the trial chamber judges and hundreds of prisoner at S-21 who survived after the guards left people and recognized that the biography was the prison courtyard following the Vietnamese arrival originally from S-21. in the city. DC-Cam director Youk Chhang was certain ____________________________ that Pal was one of very few child survivors from S-21 Socheat Nhean is the Team Leader for Searching for and said that Duch's refusal to acknowledge him Truth Magazine. showed s that Duch had never given up his brutality toward his victims. Before being incarcerated at S-21, all prisoners were required to go through three processes: being photographed, having their biography recorded, and then being interrogated. In court, Duch stated that if the court did not show him Phal or his mother's biography, he would not recognize him as one of the prisoners. Unfortunately, at the time of Phal's Duch in the court room testimony his mother's biography DOCUMENTATION CENTER OF CAMBODIA (DC-CAM) X 2 SEARCHING FOR THE TRUTH X DOCUMENTATION TA PHE'S KNOWLEDGE: SUBORDINATES DID NOT DO WHATEVER THEY WANTED Vannak Sok Cambodia went through the Killing Fields of In 1970, after the coup d’état overthrowing the Khmer Rouge regime for more than three years. King Sihanouk from his reign, Khmer liberation Rather than bring back their pain by talking about movements arose almost everywhere. Because of the regime, some Cambodian people wish not to anger and dissatisfaction with the new ruling recall what happened. Others, however, wish to Khmer Republic regime, many villagers gathered in relate their experiences to the younger generation. the Maki forest to overthrow it and to bring back Included in the latter category is Ta Phe, 77-years the monarchy. In some regions people assembled old, living in Chhum Kiri district, Kampot province. and held demonstrations against the new regime. In 1962, Ta Phe decided to leave the monkhood These activities caused people to be injured and to assist his parents with farming and got married killed. After this chaotic clash, people started to join to a woman living in the same village. Having an the Khmer Rouge revolution movement and the ambition to become involve in politics, Ta Phe asked North Vietnam troops. his parents and his wife for permission to leave In 1973, the Khmer Rouge gathered its large home to join the resistance movement in the forest forces to fight against Lon Nol soldiers. Not wanting in 1968. Ta Phe was an activist in the resistance to be under Vietnamese control, the Khmer Rouge movement with Ta Mok's group, which used to created a military conflict with North Vietnam and have a relationship with North Vietnam. As part of established a people's movement to chase North this work, he met with Vietnamese activists such as Vietnam soldiers out of Cambodia. Having seen how Teu Kam, Baseung, and Tanh Vanloeung. Without the Khmer Rouge revolution for national preservation fear of death and exhaustion, Ta Phe's made a great contrasted to the atrocities of the American imperialist sacrifice to join the resistance movement with the bombings supported by Lon Nol regime and the aim of securing independence for his country and corruption of the Khmer Republic officers, Cambodian preserving it from the domination of foreign countries. people in almost every part of the country started to support it. While working for the Khmer Rouge, Ta Phe was a secret secretary in Southwest region under the supervision of Ta Mok, a KR chief; Chou Try, a KR deputy chief; and Kang Chab, a KR member. Ta Phe said that he was disappointed to see the Khmer Rouge leaders practice extreme communist policies by denying the people freedom and abolishing schools and religion.
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