Evaluation of Bonai ITDA of Sundargarh District Final Report
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Evaluation of Bonai ITDA of Sundargarh District Final Report Evaluation Report; Bonai ITDA Acknowledgement For Extending Financial Assistance and Administrative Support • Ministry of Tribal Affairs (MoTA), Government of India. • ST & SC Development, Minorities and Backward Classes Welfare Department, Government of Odisha. For Extending Guidance and Direction • Smt. Ranjana Chopra, I.A.S., Principal Secretary, ST & SC Development, Minorities and Backward Classes Welfare Department, Govt. of Odisha • Prof. (Dr.) A. B. Ota, I.A.S., Director-Cum-Special Secretary, SCSTRTI For Technical Review • Prof. (Dr.) A. B. Ota, I.A.S., Director-Cum-Special Secretary, SCSTRTI, Govt. of Odisha • Dr. Bigyan Mohanty, SCSTRTI, Govt. of Odisha • Ms. Sweta Mishra, SCSTRTI, Govt. of Odisha For Evaluation Facilitation and Support • Collector and District Magistrate, Sundargarh for Facilitating the Process • District Welfare Officer, Sundargarh • PA-ITDA (in-Charge), ITDA, Bonai / Project Manager, ITDA, Bonai and Other Officials of ITDA • All District Heads of Different Departments, Sundargarh For Evaluation Management Support and Assistance • Ms. Sukruti Pramanik, SCSTRTI, Govt. of Odisha • Shri. Kamraj Acharaya, Finance Officer, SCSTRTI SCSTRTI ST & SC Development, Minorities and Backward Classes Welfare Department, Govt. of Odisha Page | 1 Evaluation Report; Bonai ITDA Evaluation Team Study Director Prof. (Dr.) A. B. Ota, Director Cum Special Secretary, SCSTRTI, Govt. of Odisha. Study Coordinator Ms. Sweta Mishra, SCSTRTI, Govt. of Odisha Consultant Sri. Saroj Kumar Nayak Research Associate Sri Ashok Kumar Panda Research Assistant Sri Jugal Kishor Sahu; Sri Susanta Kumar Sahoo Data Analysis Sri Saroj Kumar Nayak Drafting of Report Sri Saroj Kumar Nayak Support in Drafting Sri Ashok Kumar Panda Review of Report Prof. (Dr.) A. B. Ota, Director Cum Special Secretary, SCSTRTI, Govt. of Odisha. Dr. Bigyan Mohanty, SCSTRTI, Govt. of Odisha Ms. Sweta Mishra, SCSTRTI, Govt. of Odisha Page | 2 Evaluation Report; Bonai ITDA Executive Summary Introduction: The Scheduled Caste and Scheduled Tribe Research and Training Institution (SCSTRTI), with the support of Ministry of Tribal Affairs (MOTA) and under the patronage of ST & SC Development, Minorities and Backward Classes Welfare Department of Government of Odisha commissioned a study to understand the overall situation of the tribals in the ITDA area and the role of ITDA. For the evaluation, Bonai ITDA was purposefully selected as it is one of the oldest ITDA at the national level. Objectives of the Evaluation: The Bonai ITDA is one of the oldest ITDA at the National level and has been working for the development and welfare of different tribal communities residing in the four operational blocks of the ITDA. The broad objective of evaluation was “to understand the institutional efficiency and effectiveness of the ITDA and measures taken by the ITDA in addressing & resolving tribal development issues”. Specific objectives of the evaluation were 1. To understand the institutional capacity of the ITDA in implementing different schemes / programs and delivering required services for tribal development; 2. Assessing various measures taken to strengthen ITDA and its functioning; 3. Evaluating different tribal development measures taken and its overall outcome; 4. Identifying key bottlenecks / challenges faced by the ITDA; and 5. Recommending, on the basis of the finding of the evaluation, to deal with issues that are related to institutional functioning, service delivery and implementation of different tribal development / welfare schemes. Evaluation Indicators: As the evaluation objectives are linked with the overall objective of the ITDA, attempt is made to understand different aspects linked to three critical components, i.e., institutional component, socio- economic component and infrastructural component. The research questions that were attempted for exploration are; 1. Local planning process and participation of tribal communities in identification of development needs; 2. Changes in the socio-economic status of tribals due to development interventions; 3. Area development approach and benefit of created infrastructural facilities; 4. Functioning of ITDA and adequacy of institutional (ITDA) services to support tribal development; 5. Collaboration and convergence approaches and its benefits for the tribal development. Specific indicators were framed for assessment, covering three critical and important areas, i.e., Institutional, Socio-economic and Infrastructural facilities and services. The indicators were framed in line with the ITDA objectives and expected impact for tribal development. The indicators looked in to both household level socio-economic development and community / area level development. The study also Page | 3 Evaluation Report; Bonai ITDA attempted to look at some of the indicators that are beyond the general mandate of the ITDA but due to the interventions made by different other government institutions / departments in support of tribal development in ITDA area. Key indicators of evaluation by components are; 1. Institutional Indicators: a. Growth in financial allocation to ITDA and resource utilization; b. Human resource availability (sanctioned Vs availability); c. Key institutional challenges and its impact on tribal development. 2. Socio-Economic Indicator: a. Schematic Coverage under different schemes / programs; b. Growth in Household Expenditure and Expenditure Pattern; c. Effectiveness of community organizations (SHG); d. Access to Productive Asset base (FRA Land) 3. Infrastructural Indicators: a. Social Infrastructural Facilities and Services Created under Different Schemes; b. Infrastructural Investments and Investment Growth in Infrastructures; In institutional aspects, the study indicators relate to financial allocation to ITDA, availability of human resources to discharge the responsibilities and key institutional challenges at the ITDA level. Specific indicators under socio-economic aspects are coverage of tribal households under different schemes / programs, improvement in educational and health care facilities, current engagement pattern and growth in household expenditure, development of skill base of tribal youths etc. The indicators under infrastructural facilities looked in to growth in infrastructures and types of infrastructures created, utilization of the infrastructures and overall outcome of the infrastructures in support of tribal development. Study Design, Approach and Methodology: Observational design was adopted for the evaluation, entailing exploration and empirical approach with a mixed method mode. Required data collected, following participatory approach, involving different stakeholders at different operational and functional levels. Attempt made, in agreement with the objective of the evaluation, to understand ITDA functioning, implementation of schemes / programs for tribal development, infrastructural facilities created, livelihood improvement measures taken and aspects related to tribal development. Sample Procedure and Sample Coverage: The tribal households residing in four operational blocks of the ITDA was considered as study population and samples were collected from all the four blocks. The samples were collected based on Stratified Random Sampling Method. The stratification criteria followed for sample area selection (within ITDA area) are (1) different tribal development schemes / programs implemented by ITDA; (2) remoteness and distance of the study area from ITDA / block headquarters levels, i.e., nearer to, middle and far end; and (3) areas that have demonstrated different learning lessons on tribal development. The study covered four blocks (100.0 percent), 22 GPs (40.0 percent of the GPs under ITDA), 61 villages (10.6 percent villages), 674 households and 36 community organisations (SHGs for IGA). Page | 4 Evaluation Report; Bonai ITDA Study Tools: A detail evaluation framework, including data collection framework / checklist was developed to capture required data / information from different sources. Structured schedules were designed to collect information from different sources / stakeholders. Different study instruments, designed and administered are; a. structured schedule for households (household schedule), b. structured format for SHG and IGA activities (SHG schedule); and c. structured checklist for secondary information (ITDA and Other Govt. Dept.); Data Source: Both primary and secondary data sources were used to collect required information as per the study design. The source of data at the primary level are (a) tribal households, (b) women SHGs, (c) local PRI members, (d) local ITDA officials, and (d) officials of other Govt. Departments at the district and block level. The source of data at the secondary level covered (a) ITDA, (b) Govt. Depts. (selected only) and (c) studies conducted by different institutions / individuals on different aspects. At the primary level, required data, were collected as per the designed tools through interview method, consultation and by conducting Focus Group Discussion (FGD). Information checklists were used for the collection of secondary data from the mentioned sources. Study Findings: Assessment Indicators: As discussed, the key evaluation indicators of the study looked in to three critical and important areas, i.e., Institutional, Socio-economic and Infrastructural facilities and services. The indicators were framed in line with the ITDA objectives and expected impact for tribal development.