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CONTENTS May 2006, Vol.101, No.5 Editorial: Freedom of Conscience . 2 Bockarie Tommy Kallon, London, UK. Notes & Comments: Behind the Veil: A Muslim Woman’s Status in Islam . 4 The donning of the veil does not deprive Muslim women of their rights and elevated status. Khullat Munir, New York, USA. Steadfastness of the the Holy Prophet(saw) part 7 . 7 An impostor could not have remained steadfast to his cause in the face of bitter persecution as did the Holy Prophet(saw). Steadfastness is higher than a miracle. Hadhrat Mirza Ghulam Ahmad(as) – Promised Messiah and Mahdi Establishing Peace . 22 The teachings of love and brotherhood that are relevant for the existence of small societies as well as for international relations. Hadhrat Mirza Masroor Ahmad – Khalifatul Masih V Recantation Under Islam – Part 6 . 30 The Holy Qur’an prescribes no punishment for recanters and there is no evidence to show that the Holy Prophet(saw) punished anyone for recantation from Islam. Hadhrat Mirza Tahir Ahmad(ru) – Khalifatul Masih IV The Council of Nicaea . 53 How the early Christian compromised the most basic tenets of their faith under pressure and fear of Constantine, the Great. By Bockarie Tommy Kallon, London, UK. Book Review . 62 The Truth About the Alleged Punishment for Apostasy in Islam. Hadhrat Mirza Tahir Ahmad(ru) – Khalifatul Masih IV COVER PIC: Sunset over Fistral Bay – Newquay, Cornwall. (picture by Fareed Ahmad) Basit Ahmad Chief Editor and Manager: Mansoor Ahmed Shah Bockarie Tommy Kallon. Management Board: Special contributors: Design and layout: Fareed Ahmad Mr Munir-ud-din Shams (Chairman) Amatul-Hadi Ahmad Tanveer Khokhar d Fazal Ahmad Farina Qureshi r Mr Mansoor Shah (Secretary) Publisher: a Fauzia Bajwa Mr Naseer Ahmad Qamar Proofreaders: Al Shirkatul Islamiyyah o Mansoor Saqi Mr Mubarak Ahmad Zafar Abdul Ghany Jahangeer B Khan and Shaukia Mir Distribution: Mahmood Hanif Mr Mirza Fakhar Ahmad l Muhammad Hanif Mr. Abdul Baqi Arshad a Mansoora Hyder-Muneeb i r Navida Shahid All correspondence should The Review of Religions © Islamic Publications, 2006 o t Sarah Waseem be forwarded to the editor at: The London Mosque ISSN No: 0034-6721 i 16 Gressenhall Road d Saleem Ahmad Malik London, SW18 5QL E Tanveer Khokhar United Kingdom Views expressed in this publication are not necessarily the beliefs of the Ahmadiyya Muslim Community 1 EDITORIAL Bockarie Tommy Kallon – UK Islam possesses a dynamic considers indispensable to the character. Muslims are duty achievement of the object of bound to seek to persuade others man’s life on earth. This includes about the truth of Islam and of the freedom to profess, practise, the beneficent values it propagate and, should his advocates. This is because the conscience so impel him, to message of Islam is universal. abjure his religion. This freedom While some religions have set is repeatedly and emphatically territorial or racial limits to affirmed by the Holy Qur’an so participation in their commu- much so that there should not be nion, Islam brooks no such a scintilla of doubt on the matter. limitation. Claiming to be based The noble example of the Holy on truth, it invites the whole of Prophet(saw) also makes it clear mankind to its fold and naturally that no coercion is to be applied warns, constantly and exten- in religious matters. No non- sively, of the dire moral and Muslim can be forcibly con- spiritual consequences that verted to Islam nor can any would follow from the rejection Muslim be forcibly declared a or even neglect of the values that non-Muslim. The doors of it propounds. Importantly, how- ingress into Islam are open to ever, it grants everyone the anyone who, convinced of the freedom to exercise his or her truth and beauty of Islam, affirms volition in choosing to subscribe that he is a Muslim just as the to it or not. Belief is a matter of doors of egress are open to any conscience and the conscience Muslim who, for whatever ill- cannot be compelled. fated reason, chooses to disavow his faith in Islam. Islam, therefore, stands for the freedom of conscience which it Unfortunately, despite all this, a 2 The Review of Religions – May 2006 EDITORIAL section of the priestly classes Ahmad(ru) bases his arguments on within Islam, motivated by the Holy Qur’an, the practice and political factors, developed and the traditions of the Holy propagated the abominable Prophet(saw) and events of the notion that a professing Muslim early Islamic era to divest Islam can recant from Islam only on the of this reprehensible appur- pain of death. This is a notion tenance. that is not only abhorrent to Islam but indeed to the human The development to dogma conscience. It renders nugatory within religion, however, is not the freedom of conscience that is confined to the four walls of so emphatically guaranteed by Islam. The Council of Nicaea, Islam. If this misguided notion reproduced in this month’s were to be upheld, Islam would edition, shows how Christianity be guilty of hypocrisy by was influenced by the power of expecting adherents of other politics not only to promulgate a religions to give up their beliefs distorted concept of godhead but to embrace Islam while at the also to punish those who dared to same time denying its adherents reject it. Thus was to begin the the freedom to renounce Islam indoctrination of the unfortunate should they be so inclined and masses which only the advent of would thus create barriers in the the Holy Prophet(saw) and Islam path of its own objectives. could reverse. As is argued in Recantation Under Islam, featured this month, freedom of conversion is in fact the litmus test of freedom of conscience. Everyone must be free to affirm his faith voluntarily or to proclaim his denial without restraint. It cannot be a one-way freedom. Hadhrat Mirza Tahir The Review of Religions – May 2006 3 Notes & BehindComments the Veil: A Muslim Woman’s Status in Islam A burqah-clad woman fearing as women in Islamic nations in she crosses a street in broad agreement with the guidelines set daylight with her child’s hand in down in the Holy Qur’an and the her own, the veiled head of a traditions of the Holy Prophet(saw). woman whose face cannot be This erroneous distortion of the seen and stories of “honour role of women in Muslim society killings” – all these images of has to do with the socio- women pervade media coverage economic and political factors of of the status of women in the each respective Islamic nation – Islamic world. but that is a separate issue altogether. The fundamental The media alone should not tenets of Islam offer liberation in however, be blamed for such its truest sense to women – not negative coverage. In some by the western standards of the instances, it only reports what it 21st century but by the sees and hears. Nations that humanitarian principles of claim to govern their populations equality and justice. by Islamically-principled law, or Shariah, are perpetuating, The principal right granted to through their own practices, women in Islam – and some images of subjugation in relation would argue the most important to the status of women in Islam. – is that of spiritual equality to One would be hard pressed to the rest of mankind. Whereas find a legitimate authority on Judeo-Christian tradition re- Islamic law and practice that counts the creation of women would find today’s treatment of from the rib of a man, the Holy 4 The Review of Religions – May 2006 NOTES AND COMMENTS Qur’an explicitly does not talk of that women are not perceived as which gender begot which: harbingers of evil and temptation in Islam. ...Fear your Lord who created you from a single being and Some would argue that Islam created therefrom its mate, dictates that women are inherent and from the two spread many sources of temptation for men – men and women. and that donning the veil (Ch.4:V.2) counteracts this temptation. Some go so far as to say that the As a direct parallel to previous veil is worn for the sole purpose monotheistic religions, the Holy of keeping men’s temptations at Qur’an could not be clearer in bay. Again, this is a grievous telling us that there exists no misconception. The veil is inferiority in the status of utilised as a means of protection women. Yet in another account, for women; it is a physically the Bible relates the story of manifested barrier between Adam and Eve and holds Eve herself and the harm that may culpable as a temptress and befall her. It is widely known that persuader of evil. The Holy incorporating the veil into one’s Qur’an tells the same story external appearance effectively without any isolated blame on instils confidence in one’s Eve: persona. No longer must a woman completely rely on her But Satan caused them both physical beauty to achieve her [Adam and Eve] to slip by goals and be successful in means of it and drove them society. This proves to be out of the state in which they especially true in western were... countries. (Ch.2:V.37) The rights granted by Islam in With the absence of particular the seventh century were blame held over Eve, it is clear revolutionary and incredibly The Review of Religions – May 2006 5 NOTES AND COMMENTS progressive for the time. In a be barbaric and backward in its period when female infanticide granting of these same rights in was prevalent and women were the early seventh century? In bartered like livestock, Islam addition to these particular broke the chain of social norms rights, the duties and and elevated women to new responsibilities of a woman are heights.