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Assessing Players, Products, and Perceptions of Home Energy Management ET Project Number: ET15PGE8851

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Assessing Players, Products, and Perceptions of Home Energy Management ET Project Number: ET15PGE8851 PG&E’s Emerging Technologies Program ET15PGE8851 PG&E’s Emerging Technologies Program Assessing Players, Products, and Perceptions of Home Energy Management ET Project Number: ET15PGE8851 Project Manager(s): Kari Binley and Oriana Tiell Pacific Gas and Electric Company Prepared By: SEE Change Institute Rebecca Ford Beth Karlin Angela Sanguinetti Anna Nersesyan Marco Pritoni Issued: November 19, 2016 Cite as: Ford, R., Karlin, B., Sanguinetti, A., Nersesyan, A., & Pritoni, M. (2016). Assessing Players, Products, and Perceptions of Home Energy Management. San Francisco, CA: Pacific Gas and Electric. © Copyright, 2016, Pacific Gas and Electric Company. All rights reserved. PG&E’s Emerging Technologies Program ET15PGE8851 Acknowledgements Pacific Gas and Electric Company’s Emerging Technologies Program is responsible for this project. It was developed as part of Pacific Gas and Electric Company’s Emerging Technology program under internal project numbers ET15PGE8851. SEE Change Institute conducted this technology evaluation for Pacific Gas and Electric Company with overall guidance and management from Jeff Beresini, Kari Binely and Oriana Tiell. For more information on this project, contact Pacific Gas and Electric Company at [email protected]. Special Thanks This project was truly a team effort and the authors would like to thank all those who contributed to making it a reality. First, we’d like to acknowledge Pacific Gas and Electric (PG&E) for funding this research. Particular thanks go to Susan Norris for having the vision and foresight to make this project a reality and to Oriana Tiell, Kari Binley, and Jeff Beresini for continued support and feedback throughout the project. Several partners also collaborated with our team on the various research streams and deserve acknowledgement. Thanks to Sears and Target who opened up their stores to us and worked hand in hand to develop our retail research streams from concept to execution. Thanks also to the PG&E Consumer Insights team, who were integral to the dissemination of our customer survey and to Livingston Energy Innovations (LEI), Northeast Energy Efficiency Partnerships (NEEP) and the New York State Energy Research and Development Authority (NYSERDA) for collaboration and data sharing on the stakeholder research stream. We would also thank our amazing HEMS Advisory Committee – Joey Barr, Lara Bonn, Karen Herter, Emily Kemper, Adam Laskowitz, Claire Miziolek, and Jasmine Rivest – for invaluable advice on the research and feedback on previous versions of this report. Finally, we are deeply grateful to our extended research team – Cassandra Squiers, Shannon Hall, Birgit Penzenstadler, Suhaila Sikand, Kelsea Dombrovski, Kiernan Salmon, Siva Gunda, and Ryan Taylor – for their contributions to the work presented in this report. Legal Notice This report was prepared for Pacific Gas and Electric Company for use by its employees and agents. Neither Pacific Gas and Electric Company nor any of its employees and agents: (1) makes any written or oral warranty, expressed or implied, including, but not limited to those concerning merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose; (2) assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, process, method, or policy contained herein; or (3) represents that its use would not infringe any privately owned rights, including, but not limited to, patents, trademarks, or copyrights. 2 PG&E’s Emerging Technologies Program ET15PGE8851 Abbreviations and Acronyms API Application Programming Interface DR Demand Response EE Energy Efficiency EMT Energy Management Technologies HAN Home Area Network HEM Home Energy Management HEMS Home Energy Management Systems HVAC Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning IFTTT If This Then That IoT Internet of Things LED Light Emitting Diode PV Photovoltaic SDK Software Development Kit TOU Time of Use 3 PG&E’s Emerging Technologies Program ET15PGE8851 CONTENTS Acknowledgements ....................................................................................................... 2 Abbreviations and Acronyms ...................................................................................... 3 Executive Summary ...................................................................................................... 6 Introduction ................................................................................................................... 9 Evolution of HEMS ...............................................................................................................10 Limitations of Previous Research ......................................................................................12 Assessment Objectives .......................................................................................................13 Industry Assessment .................................................................................................. 14 Methods ................................................................................................................................14 Findings ................................................................................................................................15 Opportunities ......................................................................................................................15 Obstacles ...........................................................................................................................17 Options ...............................................................................................................................20 Implications ..........................................................................................................................25 Technology Inventory ................................................................................................. 27 Methods ................................................................................................................................27 Product Inventory ...............................................................................................................27 System Inventory ................................................................................................................28 Findings ................................................................................................................................29 Home Energy Management Technologies ..........................................................................30 Load Monitors .....................................................................................................................30 In-Home Displays ...............................................................................................................31 Energy Portals ....................................................................................................................32 Smart Thermostats .............................................................................................................33 Smart Lights .......................................................................................................................35 Smart Plugs and Switches ..................................................................................................35 Smart Appliances ...............................................................................................................37 Hubs ...................................................................................................................................38 Home Energy Management Systems (HEMS) ....................................................................39 Smart Home Platforms .......................................................................................................40 Utility Facing Web Services ................................................................................................44 Implications ..........................................................................................................................45 Energy Benefits ..................................................................................................................45 Integration and Interoperability ...........................................................................................48 Data and Education ............................................................................................................50 Consumer Assessment .............................................................................................. 52 Methods ................................................................................................................................52 Customer Survey ................................................................................................................53 Retail Research ..................................................................................................................54 Product Reviews .................................................................................................................54 Findings ................................................................................................................................54 Knowledge Stage ...............................................................................................................55 Persuasion Stage ...............................................................................................................58
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