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Coleoptera : Chrysomelidae Papers ani Proceedings ofthe Royal Society ofTasmania, Volume I45, 20II 17 A REVISED KEY AND NOTES ON THE TASMANIAN GENERA OF CHRYSOMELINAE (COLEOPTERA: CHRYSOMEUDAE) by David W. de Little (with four text-figures, three plates and one table) de Litde, D.W. 2011 (9:xii): A revised key and notes on the Tasmanian genera of Chrysomelinae (Coleoptera: Chrysomclidac). Papers and Proceedings of the Royal Society ofTasmania 145: 17-26. ISSN 0080-4703. Tasmanian Museum and Art Gallery, GPO Box 1164, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia. Email: [email protected] Fifteen ge11era of Chrysomelinae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) arc recognised from Tasmania, Australia. An illustrated key to the adults of genera in 'Ttsmania is provided, together with notes on Tasmanian representative species and their host plants where known. Several species are regarded as pests of Tasmanian forest and plantation trees. Key Worc::ls: Chrysomelinae, Chrysomelidae, leaf beetle, Tasmania, host, pest, forest, tree plantation, Calomela, Chalcolampra, Chalcomela, Dicranosterna, Ethomela, Eugastromela, Ewanius, Faex, Geomela, Palaeomela, Paropsides, Paropsis, Paropsisterna, Peltosche111a, Trachymela. INTRODUCTION THE TASMANIAN CHRYSOMELINAE The leaf beetle sub-family Chrysomelinae contains a number The Chrysomelinae fauna ofTasmania resembles a subset of of species that are prominent defoliators of Eucalyptus the continental Australian fauna, but lacks the genera from (sensu lat:o) spp. and Acacia spp. in Tasmania, especially the the tropical/subtropical rainforest. The two landmasses were Tasmanian Eucalyptus Leaf Beetle, Paropsisterna bimaculata connected in the late Pleistocene, and there is similarity (Olivier, 1807), the Southern Eucalyptus Leaf Beetle, between island and continental floras. Tasmanian floristic P. agricola (Chapuis, 1877) and the Fireblight Beetle, endemism is greatest in the climatically aseasonal-wetwestern Peltoscherna orphana (Erichson, 1842). Daccordi & de Little region of the island and shows a strong archaic Gondwanan (2003) provided a key to adults of the Tasmanian genera influence (Rozefelds 2008). of Chrysomelinae, based on the key of Matthews & Reid Of the 43 native genera of Chrysomelinae that occur (2002) for South Australian genera, but overlooked the in mainland Australia (Reid 2006, Reid et al. 2009), 14 genera Eugastromela Lea, 1929 and Chalcomela Baly, 1856. also occur in Tasmania, together with the one endemic Reid (200 6) revised the Australian genera of Chrysomelinae, mono typic genus, Ewanius Reid, 2002, which occurs on the providing detailed generic descriptions and including archaic Gondwanan element, No thofagus Blume. The genera genera with species successfully introduced into Australia occurring on plant genera Eucalyptus I.: Her. and Acacia Mill., as biological control agents. The most significant impact also widely spread throughout Australia, are relatively well of this work in relation to the Chrysomelinae of Tasmania known and collected due to the prominence and economic is the synonymy of the economically important genus importance of their hosts. Genera occurring on other hosts Chrysophtharta Weise, 1901 with Paropsisterna Motschulsky, in Tasmania are relatively poorly known and infrequently 1860 (senior synonym). collected, e.g., Ewanius, and it is quite possible that new The current paper revises the generic key in Daccordi species and even new genera await discovery. & de Little (2003) in line with Reid's (2006) revision and Paropsides is the most widely distributed of the genera includes the two overlooked genera. Notes are provided on occurring in Tasmania. It occurs from eastern Siberia through the currently recognised Tasmanian genera of Chrysomelinae, eastern Asia, Indonesia, New Guinea and Eastern Australia and, where known, their host-plants. Chrysolina spp. (Daccordi 1994). Reid (2006), however, considers this genus introduced into Tasmania as biological control agents is probably polyphyletic. The endemic monotypic Ewanius against Boneseed, Chrysanthemoides monilifera (L.) T. Norl., has interesting possible archaic Gondwanan links with the are not considered at the current time to have successfully monotypic Novacastria Selman & Lowman, 1983 in eastern established (Ireson 2002), and this genus is therefore not mainland Australia, and the monotypic Araucanomela included in the key. Bechyne & Bechyne, 1973 in southern Chile, both also on Nothofogus (Reid 2002, Daccordi & de Little 2003). MATERIAL EXAMINED KEY TO GENERA OF CHRYSOMELINAE Specimens from the following collections were examined: IN TASMANIA Tasmanian Museum and Art Gallery (Rosny, Tasmania) (TMAG); and Tasmanian Department of Primary Industry, 1. Procoxal cavities closed, or slightly open (fig. 3A) (2) Parks, Water and Environment (New Town, Tasmania) Procoxal cavities widely open (fig. 3F) ............ (4) (TASAG). 2. Third tarsal segment not bilobed (fig. 4G) . Chalcolampra (fig. 1, pl. 1A) Third tarsal segment deeply bilobed (fig. 4M) . (3) 18 David W de Little 3. Prosternum with two symmetrical carinae; metasternum NOTES ON GENERA with plicae (fig. 3A) . Ethomela (pl. I C) Prosternum without carinae; metasternum without In his revision of the Australian Chrysomelinae, Reid (2006) plicae ............................ .. Palaeomela (pl. ID) gives diagnostic descriptions of adults of genera occurring in Tasmania which are not repeated here. 4. Claws simple (fig. 4H); coxal lines on vcntrite I deviating from hind coxal cavities (fig. 4K); last article of pal pi Chalcolampra pointed (fig. 41); pygidium with deep longitudinal median groove (fig. 4J) .............................. (5) Blanchard, C. E. I853: Voyage au Pole Sud et dans l'Oceanie Claws dentate or appendiculate (figs 4A,E,F); coxal lines sur les corvettes !'Astrolabe et la Zelee; execute par ordre du Roi following cavity margins (fig. 4C); last article of palpi pendant les Annees 1837-1840 sous le commandement de M securifonn (figs 4B,N); quadrate or elongate-cylindrical; j Dumont d'Urville- Zoologie, 4, p. 328. (figs 1, 4G, pl. lA) pygidium without deep median groove ............ (6) Material examined: C. thoracica Baly, I855; Hobart, 'Tasmania; Col.: A.M. Lea (no date); 9 and d'; TASAG. 5. Elytra tuberculatc and at least partly non-striate; 'This is a widely distributed possibly polyphyletic genus prosternal process broad and flat with sides more-or-less occurring in southeast Asia and New Zealand as well as parallel and ridged (fig. 2) ...... Eugastromela (pl. 1B) Australia where there are approximately 25 species (Daccordi Elytra non-tuberculate and striate; prosternal process I994, Reid 2006). Six species are recorded from Tasmania not as above ........................... Geomela (pl. IF) (table I). Specimens of C. rujinoda Lea, I904 (fig. I) were not examined by the author. 6. Prosternal process with angled lobe on either side of A wide range of host families is listed for the genus in basal plate (fig. 3F), or with lobe reduced to small round Australia, including Asteraceae, Lamiaceae, Scrophulariaceae swelling (Paropsis rubidipes Blackburn, 1901) ......... and Pittosporaceae (Reid 2006, Jurado-Rivera et al. 2009). .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Paropsis (pl. 1E) Hosts of the species in Tasmania arc unknown . Prosternal process not as above .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. (7) Ethomela 7. Prothoracic hypomera with deep, curved groove (fig. 3G) .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Calomela (pl. 2A) Lea, A. M. 19I6: Transactions of the Royal Society of South Prothorax hypomera without groove ............... (8) Australia 40: p. 425. (fig. 3A, pl. I C) 8. Trichobothrial setae absent from pronotum ...... (9) Material examined: E hursti (Blackburn, 1889); Tasmania; Pronoum with trichobothrial setae at anterior and Col.: anon.; no date; TASAG; (labelled Chalcolampra hursti posterior angles, or only at posterior angles (figs Blackburn). 3B,C) .. ... ....... .. ... ... ... ... ... ... ..... (12) This genus is endemic to Australia with I8 described and at least seven undescribed species (Reid 2006). Two species 9. First article ofmaxillary pal pi ventrally flat, with anterior are recorded from Tasmania (table I). Reported host families edge straight and sharply keeled (fig. 4N) ........... are Goodeniaccae (Reid 2006) andAsteraceae (Jurado-Rivera . Dicranosterna (pl. 2B) et al. 2009) but hosts of the Tasmanian species are unknown . First article of maxillary pal pi not as above (1 0) Palaeomela I 0. Apices ofmid and hind tibiae expanded with row ofshort spines on distal face of usually triangular expansion (fig. Daccordi, M. 1996: In P.H.A. Jolivet & M.L. Cox (Eds): 4L) .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Faex (pl. 2C) Chrysomelidae Biology, vol. I: the Classification, Phylogeny Tibiae not expanded externally at the distal apex and Genetics. SPB Academic Publishing, Amsterdam: p. (11) 403. (pl. ID) No specimens are held in TASAG or TMAG or were I1. Elytra with irregular puncturation, acervate or examined by the author. verrucose .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Trachymela (pl. 2D) According to Reid (2006) the genus is endemic to Elytra with regular rows of punctures, or if irregular, southeastern Australia with two described and three then non-verrucose ... Paropsisterna (pis 2E, 2F, 3A) undescribed species. Jurado-Rivera et al. (2009) give Proteaceae and Rubiaceae as host families. One species is 12. All corners of pronotum with trichobothrial setae (Fig. recorded from Tasmania (table I) and its host is unknown.
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