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Choosing a Roman Name - Novaroma Page 1 of 13 Choosing a Roman name - NovaRoma Page 1 of 13 Choosing a Roman name From NovaRoma HHHOME |LLLATÍNÉ | DDDEUTSCH | EEESPERANTO | EEESPAÑOL | FFFRANÇAIS | IIITALIANO | MMMAGYAR | PPPORTUGUÊS | RRROMÂNOMÂNĂĂĂĂ | РРРУССКИЙ | EEENGLISH THIS PAGE IS MAINTAINED UNDER AUTHORITY OF THE CENSORES . MAKE NO UNAUTHORIZED CHANGES . The system of Roman names was unique and distinctive in the ancient world. A foreigner becoming a Roman citizen took a new Roman name as a mark of citizenship. In Nova Roma, too, we ask that you choose a Roman name when you become a citizen. The name you choose is the name you will be known by in Nova Roma, so choose carefully andseriously. These pages, and other articles on our website, contain information to help you. If, after reading this, you have any more questions, please contact the Censores (http://www.novaroma.org/bin/contact?target=censores) . ROMAN NAMES Contents ·Ancient Rome · Roman name - ■ 1 Tria Nomina Praenomen - Nomen - ■ 2 Praenomen Cognomen - Agnomen ■ 3 Nomen ■ 4 Cognomen ·Nova Roma· ■ 4.1 Multiple Cognomina Choosing a Roman ■ 4.2 Other Latin Words name - Using Roman ■ 4.3 Agnomina names ■ 4.4 Latinizing your own name ■ 5 References Tria Nomina Typical Roman names of the late Republic had three parts (the " tria nomina "). Example: Gaius Iulius Caesar where: ■ Gaius is a praenomen ("given name", plural praenomina ), ■ Iulius is a nomen (" gens or clan name", plural nomina ), and ■ Caesar is a cognomen ("family name within a gens ", plural cognomina ). Some names had no cognomen , but in other cases a second cognomen , (called an agnomen ), was added. Female names could follow similar conventions, with a few differences. Additional elements such as tribal affiliation and "filiation" (parentage), were also sometimes used. Read more about names in ancient Rome . http://www.novaroma.org/wiki/Choosing_a_Roman_name 11/11/2010 Choosing a Roman name - NovaRoma Page 2 of 13 Praenomen A praenomen , the first part of a Roman name , is a personal name which distinguishes an individual from other members of the same family. The praenomen is not normally used on its own: normally List of Standard Praenomina only close relatives or very close friends call each other by their These are the standard praenomina , praenomen . from most common to least common. Read more about praenomina in ancient Rome . Male Female Abbreviation There are only a small number of praenomina in ordinary use. These Form Form are used by the vast majority of Novi Romani, as they were by the vast majority of ancient Romans. There are also some rarer C. Gaius Gaia praenomina , most of them very old ones. If you have some good L. Lucius Lucia reason to want a rare praenomen , you may be allowed to have one, but such requests are very rarely granted and must be personally M. Marcus Marca authorized by the Censor . We strongly recommend that you choose P. Publius Publia one of the standard ones. Q. Quintus Quinta When choosing a Roman name you are advised to try to find out T. Titus Tita whether any particular traditions are followed within the gens you wish to join. This can be done, for example, by contacting existing Ti. Tiberius Tiberia members and by looking at information about gentes on this website. Sex. Sextus Sexta A. Aulus Aula D. Decimus Decima Cn. Gnaeus Gnaea Sp. Spurius Spuria M'. Manius Mania Ser. Servius Servia Ap. Appius Appia N. Numerius Numeria V. Vibius Vibia Nomen A nomen indicates which gens a Roman belongs to. A gens is a loose collection of families sharing the same nomen . It is the middle part of the tria nomina , i.e., the three-part Roman name . Read more about nomina in ancient Rome . In ancient times a new citizen would almost always join an existing gens , and similarly in Nova Roma we ask you to choose a nomen from a closed list. Many ancient Roman nomina which are not listed here may also be acceptable. If you want to use a nomen which is not on this list, the Censores will consider your request (please read about Unhistorical or Unattested Gentes ). http://www.novaroma.org/wiki/Choosing_a_Roman_name 11/11/2010 Choosing a Roman name - NovaRoma Page 3 of 13 Acilius Aebutius Aelius Aemilius Albius Amatius Ambrosius Annaeus Anneius Annius Antonius Apollonius Arrius Artorius Asinius Atilius Atius Aurelius Autronius Caecilius Caedicius Caelius Calidius Calpurnius Cassius Claudius Cloelius Cocceius Cominius Cornelius Coruncanius Curiatius Curius Curtius Decius Didius Domitius Duilius Durmius Equitius Fabius Fabricius Fannius Flavius Fulvius Furius Gabinius Galerius Geganius Gellius Geminius Genucius Gratius Herennius Hirtius Horatius Hortensius Hostilius Iulius Iunius Iuventius Laelius Lartius Licinius Livius Lucilius Lucretius Manlius Marcius Marius Memmius Menenius http://www.novaroma.org/wiki/Choosing_a_Roman_name 11/11/2010 Choosing a Roman name - NovaRoma Page 4 of 13 Minicius Minius Minucius Modius Mocius Naevius Nautius Numerius Numicius Octavius Ovidius Papirius Petronius Pinarius Pompeius Pompilius Pontius Popillius Porcius Postumius Quinctilius Quinctius Rubellius Rufius Rutilius Sallustius Salonius Salvius Scribonius Seius Sempronius Sentius Sergius Sertorius Servilius Sextius Sicinius Suetonius Sulpicius Tarpeius Tarquitius Terentius Titinius Titurius Tuccius Tullius Ulpius Valerius Vedius Velleius Vergilius Verginius Vibius Villius Vipsanius Vitellius Vitruvius Volumnius Cognomen A cognomen is a family name which would be shared by a group of blood relatives. Cognomina often, but not always, referred to a person's appearance or other characteristics. It was also common to have a cognomen referring to a place of birth, a job, or some other thing which distinguished the person (usually an ancestor) who first bore that cognomen . Read more about cognomina in ancient Rome . http://www.novaroma.org/wiki/Choosing_a_Roman_name 11/11/2010 Choosing a Roman name - NovaRoma Page 5 of 13 Almost everyone has a cognomen , and it is difficult to distinguish different families within a gens unless cognomina are used. However, strictly speaking, cognomina are not compulsory. If you don't choose one when you first apply for citizenship, you will still be able to add one later. We do discourage taking typical cognomina of very popular and extremely famous Roman historical characters like ■ Caesar, Cato, Cicero, Scipio, Sulla etc. and some other popular nicely ringing names that are very much overused in our community, like ■ Agricola, Agrippa, Ahenobarbus, Aquila, Barbatus, Lupus, Marcellus, Saturninus, Severus, Triarius . You are encouraged to choose a unique name to identify you , but the most Roman thing to do is to incorporate the latinized version of your own name into your new Roman tria nomina : you can ask help from the censors here (http://www.novaroma.org/bin/contact) . It is important to understand that a cognomen is not a way for you to express your innermost thoughts or aspirations, or to boast about your wonderful qualities. It is just a name. To help you choose a cognomen , there is a list of ancient Roman cognomina below. But this is not a complete list - the Romans often created new cognomina , and if you want to have one which is not on the list we will be happy to discuss this with you. A cognomen used in the ancient republic will normally be acceptable so long as it complies with the general characteristics noted above. Names referring to whole countries or provinces (e.g. Hispanus , "man from Hispania") are not normally allowed because they are not distinctive enough: if everyone in Hispania were called Hispanus , it would be very confusing! But such names may be appropriate if you live away from your native country (e.g. a citizen from Hispania living in America might be called Hispanus ). If you would like to use a geographical or occupational cognomen , the Censores will work with you to find an appropriate one. Multiple Cognomina In some cases it may be appropriate to have more than one cognomen . This is normally only allowed where you use a Latinized form of your own name, but may also be appropriate if you are joining a family which contains a large number of people who all have the same nomen and cognomen . If you think you have a good reason to want more than one cognomen , the Censores will discuss it with you. Other Latin Words Many ordinary Latin nouns and adjectives can be used as cognomina . If there is some particular Latin word you would like to use as a cognomen , or if you would like a cognomen with a particular meaning, the Censores will work with you to find an appropriate name. Agnomina Under some circumstances Romans were given an additional cognomen , called an agnomen . These were the exception to the general rule that cognomina were not complimentary. http://www.novaroma.org/wiki/Choosing_a_Roman_name 11/11/2010 Choosing a Roman name - NovaRoma Page 6 of 13 There are several types of agnomen which serve a particular purpose and which are therefore not available for new citizens : Adoptive Agnomina When a Roman citizen is adopted by another, he takes the name of his adoptive father, but adds a special cognomen to indicate his former identity. This cognomen is formed from his old nomen , with the -ius ending replaced with an -ianus ending. For example, when L. Aemilius Paullus was adopted by P. Cornelius Scipio he became P. Cornelius Scipio Aemilianus . Honorific Agnomina Sometimes very eminent Romans were given honorific cognomina in recognition of their great achievements. These were the exception to the general rule that cognomina were not complimentary. Such honorific cognomina are called agnomina . Obviously a person cannot give himself an agnomen : it is always given by others. Honorific cognomina like Germanicus or Britannicus do not refer to a place of origin but to a military achievement. If someone is called Britannicus it means he won a great victory against the Britons.
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