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DEEP SEA LEBANON RESULTS of the 2016 EXPEDITION EXPLORING SUBMARINE CANYONS Towards Deep-Sea Conservation in Lebanon Project
DEEP SEA LEBANON RESULTS OF THE 2016 EXPEDITION EXPLORING SUBMARINE CANYONS Towards Deep-Sea Conservation in Lebanon Project March 2018 DEEP SEA LEBANON RESULTS OF THE 2016 EXPEDITION EXPLORING SUBMARINE CANYONS Towards Deep-Sea Conservation in Lebanon Project Citation: Aguilar, R., García, S., Perry, A.L., Alvarez, H., Blanco, J., Bitar, G. 2018. 2016 Deep-sea Lebanon Expedition: Exploring Submarine Canyons. Oceana, Madrid. 94 p. DOI: 10.31230/osf.io/34cb9 Based on an official request from Lebanon’s Ministry of Environment back in 2013, Oceana has planned and carried out an expedition to survey Lebanese deep-sea canyons and escarpments. Cover: Cerianthus membranaceus © OCEANA All photos are © OCEANA Index 06 Introduction 11 Methods 16 Results 44 Areas 12 Rov surveys 16 Habitat types 44 Tarablus/Batroun 14 Infaunal surveys 16 Coralligenous habitat 44 Jounieh 14 Oceanographic and rhodolith/maërl 45 St. George beds measurements 46 Beirut 19 Sandy bottoms 15 Data analyses 46 Sayniq 15 Collaborations 20 Sandy-muddy bottoms 20 Rocky bottoms 22 Canyon heads 22 Bathyal muds 24 Species 27 Fishes 29 Crustaceans 30 Echinoderms 31 Cnidarians 36 Sponges 38 Molluscs 40 Bryozoans 40 Brachiopods 42 Tunicates 42 Annelids 42 Foraminifera 42 Algae | Deep sea Lebanon OCEANA 47 Human 50 Discussion and 68 Annex 1 85 Annex 2 impacts conclusions 68 Table A1. List of 85 Methodology for 47 Marine litter 51 Main expedition species identified assesing relative 49 Fisheries findings 84 Table A2. List conservation interest of 49 Other observations 52 Key community of threatened types and their species identified survey areas ecological importanc 84 Figure A1. -
Fauna of New Zealand Ko Te Aitanga Pepeke O Aotearoa
aua o ew eaa Ko te Aiaga eeke o Aoeaoa IEEAE SYSEMAICS AISOY GOU EESEAIES O ACAE ESEAC ema acae eseac ico Agicuue & Sciece Cee P O o 9 ico ew eaa K Cosy a M-C aiièe acae eseac Mou Ae eseac Cee iae ag 917 Aucka ew eaa EESEAIE O UIESIIES M Emeso eame o Eomoogy & Aima Ecoogy PO o ico Uiesiy ew eaa EESEAIE O MUSEUMS M ama aua Eiome eame Museum o ew eaa e aa ogaewa O o 7 Weigo ew eaa EESEAIE O OESEAS ISIUIOS awece CSIO iisio o Eomoogy GO o 17 Caea Ciy AC 1 Ausaia SEIES EIO AUA O EW EAA M C ua (ecease ue 199 acae eseac Mou Ae eseac Cee iae ag 917 Aucka ew eaa Fauna of New Zealand Ko te Aitanga Pepeke o Aotearoa Number / Nama 38 Naturalised terrestrial Stylommatophora (Mousca Gasooa Gay M ake acae eseac iae ag 317 amio ew eaa 4 Maaaki Whenua Ρ Ε S S ico Caeuy ew eaa 1999 Coyig © acae eseac ew eaa 1999 o a o is wok coee y coyig may e eouce o coie i ay om o y ay meas (gaic eecoic o mecaica icuig oocoyig ecoig aig iomaio eiea sysems o oewise wiou e wie emissio o e uise Caaoguig i uicaio AKE G Μ (Gay Micae 195— auase eesia Syommaooa (Mousca Gasooa / G Μ ake — ico Caeuy Maaaki Weua ess 1999 (aua o ew eaa ISS 111-533 ; o 3 IS -7-93-5 I ie 11 Seies UC 593(931 eae o uIicaio y e seies eio (a comee y eo Cosy usig comue-ase e ocessig ayou scaig a iig a acae eseac M Ae eseac Cee iae ag 917 Aucka ew eaa Māoi summay e y aco uaau Cosuas Weigo uise y Maaaki Weua ess acae eseac O o ico Caeuy Wesie //wwwmwessco/ ie y G i Weigo o coe eoceas eicuaum (ue a eigo oaa (owe (IIusao G M ake oucio o e coou Iaes was ue y e ew eaIa oey oa ue oeies eseac -
(Approx) Mixed Micro Shells (22G Bags) Philippines € 10,00 £8,64 $11,69 Each 22G Bag Provides Hours of Fun; Some Interesting Foraminifera Also Included
Special Price £ US$ Family Genus, species Country Quality Size Remarks w/o Photo Date added Category characteristic (€) (approx) (approx) Mixed micro shells (22g bags) Philippines € 10,00 £8,64 $11,69 Each 22g bag provides hours of fun; some interesting Foraminifera also included. 17/06/21 Mixed micro shells Ischnochitonidae Callistochiton pulchrior Panama F+++ 89mm € 1,80 £1,55 $2,10 21/12/16 Polyplacophora Ischnochitonidae Chaetopleura lurida Panama F+++ 2022mm € 3,00 £2,59 $3,51 Hairy girdles, beautifully preserved. Web 24/12/16 Polyplacophora Ischnochitonidae Ischnochiton textilis South Africa F+++ 30mm+ € 4,00 £3,45 $4,68 30/04/21 Polyplacophora Ischnochitonidae Ischnochiton textilis South Africa F+++ 27.9mm € 2,80 £2,42 $3,27 30/04/21 Polyplacophora Ischnochitonidae Stenoplax limaciformis Panama F+++ 16mm+ € 6,50 £5,61 $7,60 Uncommon. 24/12/16 Polyplacophora Chitonidae Acanthopleura gemmata Philippines F+++ 25mm+ € 2,50 £2,16 $2,92 Hairy margins, beautifully preserved. 04/08/17 Polyplacophora Chitonidae Acanthopleura gemmata Australia F+++ 25mm+ € 2,60 £2,25 $3,04 02/06/18 Polyplacophora Chitonidae Acanthopleura granulata Panama F+++ 41mm+ € 4,00 £3,45 $4,68 West Indian 'fuzzy' chiton. Web 24/12/16 Polyplacophora Chitonidae Acanthopleura granulata Panama F+++ 32mm+ € 3,00 £2,59 $3,51 West Indian 'fuzzy' chiton. 24/12/16 Polyplacophora Chitonidae Chiton tuberculatus Panama F+++ 44mm+ € 5,00 £4,32 $5,85 Caribbean. 24/12/16 Polyplacophora Chitonidae Chiton tuberculatus Panama F++ 35mm € 2,50 £2,16 $2,92 Caribbean. 24/12/16 Polyplacophora Chitonidae Chiton tuberculatus Panama F+++ 29mm+ € 3,00 £2,59 $3,51 Caribbean. -
ABSTRACT Title of Dissertation: PATTERNS IN
ABSTRACT Title of Dissertation: PATTERNS IN DIVERSITY AND DISTRIBUTION OF BENTHIC MOLLUSCS ALONG A DEPTH GRADIENT IN THE BAHAMAS Michael Joseph Dowgiallo, Doctor of Philosophy, 2004 Dissertation directed by: Professor Marjorie L. Reaka-Kudla Department of Biology, UMCP Species richness and abundance of benthic bivalve and gastropod molluscs was determined over a depth gradient of 5 - 244 m at Lee Stocking Island, Bahamas by deploying replicate benthic collectors at five sites at 5 m, 14 m, 46 m, 153 m, and 244 m for six months beginning in December 1993. A total of 773 individual molluscs comprising at least 72 taxa were retrieved from the collectors. Analysis of the molluscan fauna that colonized the collectors showed overwhelmingly higher abundance and diversity at the 5 m, 14 m, and 46 m sites as compared to the deeper sites at 153 m and 244 m. Irradiance, temperature, and habitat heterogeneity all declined with depth, coincident with declines in the abundance and diversity of the molluscs. Herbivorous modes of feeding predominated (52%) and carnivorous modes of feeding were common (44%) over the range of depths studied at Lee Stocking Island, but mode of feeding did not change significantly over depth. One bivalve and one gastropod species showed a significant decline in body size with increasing depth. Analysis of data for 960 species of gastropod molluscs from the Western Atlantic Gastropod Database of the Academy of Natural Sciences (ANS) that have ranges including the Bahamas showed a positive correlation between body size of species of gastropods and their geographic ranges. There was also a positive correlation between depth range and the size of the geographic range. -
Biodiversity and the Reconstruction of Early Jurassic Flora from the Mecsek
Acta Palaeobotanica 51(2): 127–179, 2011 Biodiversity and the reconstruction of Early Jurassic fl ora from the Mecsek Mountains (southern Hungary) MARIA BARBACKA Hungarian Natural History Museum, Department of Botany, H-1476, P.O. Box 222, W. Szafer Institute of Botany, Polish Academy of Sciences, Lubicz 46, 31-512 Kraków, Poland; e-mail: [email protected] Received 15 June 2011; accepted for publication 27 October 2011 ABSTRACT. Rich material from Hungary’s Early Jurassic (the Mecsek Mts.) was investigated in a palaeoen- vironmental context. The locality (or, more precisely, area with a number of fossiliferous sites) is known as a delta plain, showing diverse facies, which suggest different landscapes with corresponding plant assemblages. Taphonomical observations proved that autochthonous and parautochthonous plant associations were present. The reconstruction of the biomes is based on the co-occurrence of taxa and their connection with the rock matrix and sites in the locality, as well as the environmental adaptation of the plants expressed in their morphology and cuticular structure. The climatic parameters were confi rmed as typical for the Early Jurassic by resolution of a palaeoatmospheric CO2 level based on the stomatal index of one of the common species, Ginkgoites mar- ginatus (Nathorst) Florin. Plant communities were differentiated with the help of Detrended Correspondence Analysis (DCA); the rela- tionship between taxa and sites and lithofacies and sites, were analysed by Ward’s minimal variance and cluste- red with the help -
Marine Mollusca of Isotope Stages of the Last 2 Million Years in New Zealand
See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/232863216 Marine Mollusca of isotope stages of the last 2 million years in New Zealand. Part 4. Gastropoda (Ptenoglossa, Neogastropoda, Heterobranchia) Article in Journal- Royal Society of New Zealand · March 2011 DOI: 10.1080/03036758.2011.548763 CITATIONS READS 19 690 1 author: Alan Beu GNS Science 167 PUBLICATIONS 3,645 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE Some of the authors of this publication are also working on these related projects: Integrating fossils and genetics of living molluscs View project Barnacle Limestones of the Southern Hemisphere View project All content following this page was uploaded by Alan Beu on 18 December 2015. The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file. This article was downloaded by: [Beu, A. G.] On: 16 March 2011 Access details: Access Details: [subscription number 935027131] Publisher Taylor & Francis Informa Ltd Registered in England and Wales Registered Number: 1072954 Registered office: Mortimer House, 37- 41 Mortimer Street, London W1T 3JH, UK Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand Publication details, including instructions for authors and subscription information: http://www.informaworld.com/smpp/title~content=t918982755 Marine Mollusca of isotope stages of the last 2 million years in New Zealand. Part 4. Gastropoda (Ptenoglossa, Neogastropoda, Heterobranchia) AG Beua a GNS Science, Lower Hutt, New Zealand Online publication date: 16 March 2011 To cite this Article Beu, AG(2011) 'Marine Mollusca of isotope stages of the last 2 million years in New Zealand. Part 4. Gastropoda (Ptenoglossa, Neogastropoda, Heterobranchia)', Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand, 41: 1, 1 — 153 To link to this Article: DOI: 10.1080/03036758.2011.548763 URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03036758.2011.548763 PLEASE SCROLL DOWN FOR ARTICLE Full terms and conditions of use: http://www.informaworld.com/terms-and-conditions-of-access.pdf This article may be used for research, teaching and private study purposes. -
14. Magyar Őslénytani Vándorgyűlés
PROGRAM, ELŐADÁSKIVONATOK, KIRÁNDULÁSVEZETŐ 14. MAGYAR ŐSLÉNYTANI VÁNDORGYŰLÉS 2011. június 2–4. Szeged ELŐADÓÜLÉS – 1. NAP (JÚNIUS 2., CSÜTÖRTÖK) Délelőtt Levezető elnök: Dulai Alfréd 11:00 Dulai Alfréd Megnyitó, üdvözlés 11:05 – 11:25 Dávid Árpád Neoichnológiai megfigyelések szárazföldi környezetekben Buczkó Krisztina, Soróczki-Pintér Éva, Az elmúlt 15 ezer év környezeti változásainak lenyomata két 11:25 – 11:45 Hubay Katalin, retyezáti gleccsertó kovaalgáin Magyari Enikő Orbán Ildikó, Magyari Enikő, Braun Mihály, 11:45 – 12:05 Holocén erdőhatár-változás a Retyezát-hegységben Hubay Katalin, Bálint Miklós Tóth Mónika, Braun Későglaciális és holocén hőmérsékleti rekonstrukció árvaszúnyog 12:05 – 12:25 Mihály, Buczkó (Diptera: Chironomidae) maradványok alapján Krisztina, Magyari Enikő Magyari Enikő, Buczkó Krisztina, Tóth Mónika, A Fiatal Dryas lehűlés (12800–11600 évek közt) környezeti hatásai 12:25 – 12:45 Korponai János, Jakab a Déli-Kárpátokban: várható-e hasonló esemény a közeljövőben? Gusztáv, Braun Mihály, Hubay Katalin Pazonyi Piroska, Magyari Enikő, Elena Néhány új süttői lelőhely flórájának és faunájának paleoökológiai és 12:45 – 13:05 Marinova, Fűköh rétegtani értékelése Levente, Venczel Márton 13:05 Ebédszünet, poszter szekció Délután 1. Levezető elnök: Pálfy József Neogene to Quaternary history of Fruška Gora Mountain (Serbia): 14:00 – 14:30 Ljupko Rundić status and current studies Kovács János, Martina Paleokörnyezeti rekonstrukció kvarter nagyemlősök fogaiban mért 14:30 – 14:50 Moravcová, Újvári Gábor stabilizotóp adatok alapján 14:50 – 15:10 Fodor Rozália Paleoichnológiai vizsgálatok a Sajólászlófalva környéki miocénben 15:10 – 15:30 Zelei Zoltán A felsőlapugyi badeni ősmaradványok paleoökológiája Taxonómiai, biosztratigráfiai és paleoökológiai vizsgálatok a 15:30 – 15:50 Sóron András Szabolcs Nógrádmegyer–3 fúrás Szécsényi Slírt harántoló szakaszában foraminiferák alapján 15:50 Kávészünet Délután 2. -
Non-Indigenous Japanese Oyster Drill Pteropurpura (Ocinebrellus) Inornata (Récluz, 1851) (Gastropoda: Muricidae) on the South-West Coast of Portugal
Aquatic Invasions (2011) Volume 6, Supplement 1: S85–S88 doi: 10.3391/ai.2011.6.S1.019 Open Access © 2011 The Author(s). Journal compilation © 2011 REABIC Aquatic Invasions Records Non-indigenous Japanese oyster drill Pteropurpura (Ocinebrellus) inornata (Récluz, 1851) (Gastropoda: Muricidae) on the South-west coast of Portugal Carlos M. L. Afonso Centro de Ciências do Mar (CCMAR/CIMAR), Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal E-mail: [email protected] Received: 5 April 2011 / Accepted: 6 July 2011 / Published online: 22 July 2011 Abstract The Japanese oyster drill or rock snail Pteropurpura (Ocinebrellus) inornata (Récluz, 1851), a marine mollusc, belonging to the family Muricidae, is reported from Portugal for the first time. This non-indigenous species, most likely introduced accidentally from French oyster rearing areas into mainland Portugal, has been regularly sampled in shellfish-culture and nearby environments in Sagres, Algarve, South- west Portugal since 2005–2008. Detailed studies are urgently needed in order to assess whether or not it has become an invasive species due to a range expansion beyond its point of initial introduction. Outputs should provide information to decision-makers to predict and limit further spread which might result in biodiversity loss and negative economical consequences in locally species-rich areas. Key words: Muricidae, Pteropurpura (Ocinebrellus) inornata, non-indigenous, invasive species, oyster aquaculture SW Algarve (Portugal) revealed the presence of Introduction significant numbers of adult and sub-adult individuals, sampled from local shellfish-culture Pteropurpura (Ocinebrellus) inornata (Récluz, as well as from nearby rocky environments. 1851) a marine gastropod belonging to the family Muricidae and also known as the Japanese oyster snail or Japanese rock snail, Material and methods originates from the NW Pacific region and was first accidentally introduced in 1924 with Oyster culture and rock environments in the cultured oysters in North America. -
Hemocyanin of the Molluscan Concholepas Concholepas Exhibits an Unusual Heterodecameric Array of Subunits*
THE JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY Vol. 279, No. 25, Issue of June 18, pp. 26134–26142, 2004 © 2004 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc. Printed in U.S.A. Hemocyanin of the Molluscan Concholepas concholepas Exhibits an Unusual Heterodecameric Array of Subunits* Received for publication, January 28, 2004, and in revised form, April 7, 2004 Published, JBC Papers in Press, April 8, 2004, DOI 10.1074/jbc.M400903200 Pablo De Ioannes‡, Bruno Moltedo‡, Harold Oliva, Rodrigo Pacheco, Fernando Faunes, Alfredo E. De Ioannes, and Marı´a Ine´s Becker§ From the Department of Research and Development, BIOSONDA Corp., Avenida Alcalde Eduardo Castillo Velasco 2902, Santiago 7750269, Chile We describe here the structure of the hemocyanin Molluscan hemocyanins assemble into hollow cylindrical lay- from the Chilean gastropod Concholepas concholepas ered molecules formed by 10 subunits. Each subunit, ranging (CCH), emphasizing some attributes that make it inter- from 350 to 450 kDa, includes seven or eight globular folded esting among molluscan hemocyanins. CCH exhibits a domains known as functional units (FUs),1 which are arranged predominant didecameric structure as revealed by elec- into pearl-like chains and covalently bound by a short flexible tron microscopy and a size of 8 MDa by gel filtration, linker region of 10–15 amino acid residues. FUs vary in size and, in contrast with other mollusc hemocyanins, its from 45 to 55 kDa, and each of them is capable of reversibly 2؉ stabilization does not require additional Ca and/or binding one oxygen molecule through a pair of copper atoms. Downloaded from 2؉ Mg in the medium. -
Genetic Investigation of Interspecific and Intraspecific Relationships Within the Genus Rapana
W&M ScholarWorks Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects Theses, Dissertations, & Master Projects 2001 Genetic Investigation of Interspecific and Intraspecific Relationships Within the Genus Rapana Arminda L. Gensler College of William and Mary - Virginia Institute of Marine Science Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd Part of the Genetics Commons Recommended Citation Gensler, Arminda L., "Genetic Investigation of Interspecific and Intraspecific Relationships Within the Genus Rapana" (2001). Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects. Paper 1539617768. https://dx.doi.org/doi:10.25773/v5-v5kh-2t15 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Theses, Dissertations, & Master Projects at W&M ScholarWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects by an authorized administrator of W&M ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. GENETIC INVESTIGATIONS OF INTERSPECIFIC AND INTRASPECIFIC RELATIONSHIPS WITHIN THE GENUS RAPANA A Thesis Presented to The Faculty of the School of Marine Science The College of William and Mary in Virginia In Partial Fulfillment Of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science by Arminda L. Gensler 2001 APPROVAL SHEET This thesis is submitted in partial fulfillment of The requirements for the degree of Master of Science Arminda L. Gensler Approved, October 2001 John E.Xjraves. Ph.D. Co-Advisor Roger Mann, Ph.D. Co-Advisor Kimberlv S. Reece, Ph.D. John M. Brubaker, Ph.D. TABLE OF CONTENTS Page -
Fauna of New Zealand Website Copy 2010, Fnz.Landcareresearch.Co.Nz
aua o ew eaa Ko te Aiaga eeke o Aoeaoa IEEAE SYSEMAICS AISOY GOU EESEAIES O ACAE ESEAC ema acae eseac ico Agicuue & Sciece Cee P O o 9 ico ew eaa K Cosy a M-C aiièe acae eseac Mou Ae eseac Cee iae ag 917 Aucka ew eaa EESEAIE O UIESIIES M Emeso eame o Eomoogy & Aima Ecoogy PO o ico Uiesiy ew eaa EESEAIE O MUSEUMS M ama aua Eiome eame Museum o ew eaa e aa ogaewa O o 7 Weigo ew eaa EESEAIE O OESEAS ISIUIOS awece CSIO iisio o Eomoogy GO o 17 Caea Ciy AC 1 Ausaia SEIES EIO AUA O EW EAA M C ua (ecease ue 199 acae eseac Mou Ae eseac Cee iae ag 917 Aucka ew eaa Fauna of New Zealand Ko te Aitanga Pepeke o Aotearoa Number / Nama 38 Naturalised terrestrial Stylommatophora (Mousca Gasooa Gay M ake acae eseac iae ag 317 amio ew eaa 4 Maaaki Whenua Ρ Ε S S ico Caeuy ew eaa 1999 Coyig © acae eseac ew eaa 1999 o a o is wok coee y coyig may e eouce o coie i ay om o y ay meas (gaic eecoic o mecaica icuig oocoyig ecoig aig iomaio eiea sysems o oewise wiou e wie emissio o e uise Caaoguig i uicaio AKE G Μ (Gay Micae 195— auase eesia Syommaooa (Mousca Gasooa / G Μ ake — ico Caeuy Maaaki Weua ess 1999 (aua o ew eaa ISS 111-533 ; o 3 IS -7-93-5 I ie 11 Seies UC 593(931 eae o uIicaio y e seies eio (a comee y eo Cosy usig comue-ase e ocessig ayou scaig a iig a acae eseac M Ae eseac Cee iae ag 917 Aucka ew eaa Māoi summay e y aco uaau Cosuas Weigo uise y Maaaki Weua ess acae eseac O o ico Caeuy Wesie //wwwmwessco/ ie y G i Weigo o coe eoceas eicuaum (ue a eigo oaa (owe (IIusao G M ake oucio o e coou Iaes was ue y e ew eaIa oey oa ue oeies eseac -
Mollusc Fauna of Iskenderun Bay with a Checklist of the Region
www.trjfas.org ISSN 1303-2712 Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 12: 171-184 (2012) DOI: 10.4194/1303-2712-v12_1_20 SHORT PAPER Mollusc Fauna of Iskenderun Bay with a Checklist of the Region Banu Bitlis Bakır1, Bilal Öztürk1*, Alper Doğan1, Mesut Önen1 1 Ege University, Faculty of Fisheries, Department of Hydrobiology Bornova, Izmir. * Corresponding Author: Tel.: +90. 232 3115215; Fax: +90. 232 3883685 Received 27 June 2011 E-mail: [email protected] Accepted 13 December 2011 Abstract This study was performed to determine the molluscs distributed in Iskenderun Bay (Levantine Sea). For this purpose, the material collected from the area between the years 2005 and 2009, within the framework of different projects, was investigated. The investigation of the material taken from various biotopes ranging at depths between 0 and 100 m resulted in identification of 286 mollusc species and 27542 specimens belonging to them. Among the encountered species, Vitreolina cf. perminima (Jeffreys, 1883) is new record for the Turkish molluscan fauna and 18 species are being new records for the Turkish Levantine coast. A checklist of Iskenderun mollusc fauna is given based on the present study and the studies carried out beforehand, and a total of 424 moluscan species are known to be distributed in Iskenderun Bay. Keywords: Levantine Sea, Iskenderun Bay, Turkish coast, Mollusca, Checklist İskenderun Körfezi’nin Mollusca Faunası ve Bölgenin Tür Listesi Özet Bu çalışma İskenderun Körfezi (Levanten Denizi)’nde dağılım gösteren Mollusca türlerini tespit etmek için gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu amaçla, 2005 ve 2009 yılları arasında sürdürülen değişik proje çalışmaları kapsamında bölgeden elde edilen materyal incelenmiştir.