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Name Name Descripon common EXOTICS Trident maple, deciduous great display of Maple Acer buergerianum red and yellow. Handles wind and drought. Ht 6m Hybrid maple with bright red Acer x freemanii Maple leaves.Medium size tree, great specimen ' Autumn Blaze' tree.Ht10m wdth4m Hardy evergreen tolerates salt,prefers well Banksia integrifolia drained clay or grave.Has a yellow flower Coast Banksia Coast Banksia autumn through winter.Ht8 x W5 A tropical feel for your garden with their big Banana Banana leaves and beauJful flowers.They like a rich free draining soil.Protect from heavy frost. White bark Himalayan birch. Great Himalayan Birch Betula jacquemon+i ornamental birch, golden in autumn, green leaves, white bark, deciduous. This plant is used for tradiJonal low formal Buxus sempervirens Common Common Box hedges. It grows best in good soil with sun. Box Plant 20cm apart .evergreen .Frost hardy Evergreen shrub with showy white flowers Choisya ternata Mexican in spring. Prefers sun or parJal shade, Mexican Orange Blossom Orange Blossom simple to grow ,free draining soil.Hardy, 1.5x1.5 Erect bushy shrub with wispy branches,load Coleonema pulchrum Pink of small pink flowers,spring to summer. Confe bush Diosma ConfeI Bush Plant in full sun,deep worked free drainage1.5x1.5 A compact evergreen shrub with golden yellow leaves,pink flowers. Makes a great Gold Brian Escallonia Gold Brian hedge,best in part shade in good free draining soil .Hardy H2xW2 Coastal tolerant, dark green foliage, red Escallonia rubra Red Escallonia flowers summer, great for hedges, hardy. Red escallonia ht4m A shrub, grows up to 1.5 m high, it has soT Europs Europs pec+natus grey green foliage with bright yellow flowers,summer to mid autumn.Hardy. Copper beech, beauJful deciduous, autumn colours red, purple. Light green in Copper beech Fagus sylva+ca purpurea spring,can be hedged. Apply lime to acid soil BeauJful tree with fan like leaves.Likes Ginkgo biloba Maidenhair Tree moist soil ,shelter, deciduous, hardy. 15m Maidenhair Tree highx 10m wide Great for hedge or specimen, deciduous, Carpinos betulus European European Hornbill yellow in autumn.Hardy to wind and cold. hornbeam Ht12m wdth 7m Hardy, ground cover, excellent for banks, Grevillea 'Bronze rambler' red flowers. Compact Australian shrub with red flowers, Grevillea 'Red Cluster' hardy .Ht 0.5m A hardy ever green, white scented flower Grevillea' White wings' through winter, bees love it.Ideal screen Ht 3m full sun, parJal shade Natal boYle brush has interesJng foliage Natal boYle brush Greyia sutherlandii and red flowers in spring great for containers deciduous Blue flowers in summer,well drained full Lavandar Lavandula aug.' Blue Mountain' sun,great scent. Rosy purple flower late spring likes well Lavandar Lavandula aug.' Munstead' drained soil and full sun Graceful compact Australian plant,light Lomondra Lomondra c.Lile pal green foliage great for mass planJngs Evergreen from the mediterranean,flowers spring to autumn with a range of Oleander Nerum Oleander colours.Full sun,well drained ,protect from frost. All parts are toxic,wear gloves when handling. Climber with glossy green leaves .Provide Passiflora edulis support , full sun.Plant in well worked Black passion fruit 'Black passion fruit' enriched soil protect from frost,water in the summer. Fruit is tasty Evergreen, darkgreen leaves, cream Prunus lusitancia flowers,black berries,great for topiary and Portuguese Laurel 'Portuguese laurel' hedging.Not tolerant to wet site hardy H12mx W8m Olives Excellent Oil quality and flavor. Good for Olive "Olea Europea" frano home garden. Frost hardy. Pin oak,vigorous, deciduous, scarlet in Pin Oak Quercus palustris autumn,prefers moist well drained soil.Ht 35m A popular palm,that is easy to grow, water Syagrus romanzoffiana Queen Palm in summer likes ferJlizer, best in full sun. Queen Palm 10m x3m Small shrub with beauJful red fruit protect Tamarillo Tamarillo from frost Fast growing,drought tolerant grey shrub. Teucrium fru+cans Silver Silver germander Perfect for hedging, has pale purple flowers Germander aYacJve to bees.good on coastal.2m x 2m Round bush, with brillant purple Tibouchina urvilleana Glory bush flowers ,summer and autumn. Protect from 'Glory Bush' frost, likes acid well drained soil.2.5x2m Dense glossy leaves,mass of fragrant Trachelospermum flowers,use as ground cover or small trellis. Star Jasmine jasminoides'Star Jasmine' Sun or parJal shade.well worked free draining soil Spanish bayonet Yucca aloifolia Sword like leaves, easily grown in well 'Spanish Bayonet' drained soils in full sun.Great for landscaping . FERNS Descripon A tall fern growing to 4m not suitable for Mamakau Cyathea medullaris Mamaku coastal,likes shelter and moisture. A beauJful fern loves moist humus rich Silver fern Cyathea dealbata condiJons Cyathea dealbata Cyathea dealbata Fast growing small umbrella top,has under Dicksonia squarrosa Ponga ground rhizomes.Hardy,best suited parJal 'Wheki' shade,minimal wind.6m Very hardy in all condiJons prefers damp Kiokio Blechnum capense Kio Kio and shady. Great for revegetaJon. GRASSES -Spear like plants Descripon Anemantele lessononiana Wind grass, it thrives dry shady places, it Wind grass 'Wind Grass' has fine flowing flowers Stunning silver spear like leaves with orange Astelia chathamica Astelia berries. Great for landscaping. Sun or 'Silver Spear' Kakaha shade, good drainage 2m Apodasmia similis A jointed rush,grey green, great for mass Jointed rush 'Oioi' Jointed Rush planJng. Austroderia richardii Hardy with beauJful plumes reaching Toetoe Toe Toe 3m,tolerates wet feet. Green sedge Carex flagellifera Green sedge, free draining soil, hardy. Bronze coloured sedge with weeping Bronze sedge Carex flagellifera bronze appearance. A red sedge adding contrast to your Red sedge Carex flagllifera red landscaping. A handsome sedge,orange to green foliage. Orange sedge Carex testacea Hardy to cold ,coastal and drought. Full sun best . Carex secta BeauJful bright green,large sedge for Purei 'Purei' weYer areas. Carex virgata Bright green sedge,from weYer areas but Pukio 'Pukio' will grow in dry. Hardy Amazing tussock great for landscaping with Chionochloa flavicans Dwarf its green foliage and stunning flower heads Dwarf Toetoe toetoe in summer.Hardy,likes sun and free drainage. 1mx1m Red tussock, stunning .Handles wet to dry Chionochloa rubra Red Red tussock prefers cool,wet.The seed heads are Tussock beauJful. An aYracJve flax like plant, with purple Dianella nigra berries summer to autumn.Prefers moist Turutu Turutu shade but tolerant ofdry and sun. Evergreen Hardy. Liber+a peregrinans Creeping A spreading Iris with orange spears and Nz Iris Iris white flowers,Oct-Jan.Orange fruiJng 'Mikoikoi' NZ Iris capsules Jan -Feb. Hardy Grass like plant with sword leaves with a Jnge of yellow. White flowers and golden Mikoikio Liber+a ixiodes seed capsules. A clumping form perennial. 'Mikoikoi' Likes part-shade to full sun prefers free draining soil.Hardy evergreen great for coastal locaJons.50 cm A giant rush naJve to NZ can grow up to a NaJve Rush Juncus pallidus 1.35 m great for wet areas North Island plant found on banks,grows in sun or semishade . Bright green leaves30cm Pepepe Machaerina sinclairii Pepepe long. Flower stems up to 1m. Likes moist well drained soil. Deep purple ,low grass like plant great for Ophiopogon planiscapus Black landscaping, flowers violet, berries black. Black Mondo Grass Mondo Grass Sun or shade. Prefers well drained soil. Hardy Smaller flax with yellow flowers and twisted Whariki Phormium cookianum seed pod,drooping foliage great for birds. Red Flax Phormium 'dark delight' A brown flax great for contrast and birds A compact flax with yellow flowers likes Dwarf Flax Phormium 'Green Dwarf' sun and good drainage,birds enjoy it Harakeke, green upright prefers damp will Harakeke Phormium Tenax grow in dry condions loved by birds 2m Jack Sprat Flax Phormium jack spraR Silver Tussock handles dry condiJons green Silver tussock Poa cita to silver great for mass planJng NATIVES Descripon This is a ground cover with mauve foliage, Acaena purpurea Purple bidibidi no barbs on its seed heads, tolerates most Purple Bidibidi soil types. Alectryon excelsus AYracJve glossy leaves, red fruit for birds, Titoki Titoki needs good drainage in clay, mulch well. Wide green leaves,starry white flowers in Arthropodium cirratum 'Renga Renga renga lily spring tolerates most condiJons, frost can Renga' knock it but it will return in spring. Tall canopy tree, leaves are thin and Beilschmiedia tawa Tawa narrow.Grows naturally in the top of the tawa south.AYracJve berries.35m Tolerant of sun, poor soil, wind .Has Daisy bush Brachyglos greyii abundance of yellow daisies, grey foliage 1m Dense bushy nave shrub. Lieths gold Brachyglos "leith gold" Grows well in semi-shade. Great for dry sites. Hardy. Clianthus puniceus " Red Kakabeak A beauJful shrub with a big red flower that kakabeak" the birds and bees love. Tolerates dry condiJons once estsablished.Frost tender. Clianthus puniceus alba White White kakabeak Fast growing,beauJful white creamy flowers kakabeak in spring-summer.Likes moist but free drainage, full or parJal sun,protect from frost 2mx2m Carpodetus serratus Putaputa As the name suggests this liYle beauty has a Putaputaweta weta/ Marble leaf marble leaf.White flowers followed by purple berries. Intolerant to drought ,prefers moist,semishade condiJons.Frost tender when young Hardy shrub with aYracJve variegated Coprosma Lime and Lemon leaves Hardy loved by the birds for its berries. Shrub with round leaves of many colours. Coprosma ' painter paleRe' Avoid heavy frost great for coastal areas. Copper coloured foliage to add contrast to Coprosma' karo red' landscape,hardy. 3m Coprosma kirkii Hardy,ground cover handles dry and clay Dense ground cover with aYracJvegreen Coprosma 'kiwi gold' and gold foliage.Grows infullsun or parJal shade Hardy shrub compact growth loved by the Coprosma propinqua birds Shrub with large round glossy leaves loved Coprosma repens by birds, great for hedging. Coprosma robusta Hardy shrub loved by birds,fast growing Swamp lover great for damp places,small Coprosma tenucalis leaves .
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  • Phylogenetic and Biogeographic Aspects of Sophora Sect. Edwardsia (Papilionaceae) 1

    Phylogenetic and Biogeographic Aspects of Sophora Sect. Edwardsia (Papilionaceae) 1

    Pacific Science, vol. 54, no. 2: 159-167 © 2000 by University of Hawai'i Press. All rights reserved Phylogenetic and Biogeographic Aspects of Sophora Sect. Edwardsia (Papilionaceae) 1 R. C. PENA,2 L. ITURRIAGA,2 G. MONTENEGRO,z AND B. K. CASSELS 3 ABSTRACT: Sophora comprises 45-50 species of worldwide distribution, but no general proposal as to the evolution of this group has been put forth. We used cladistic relationships of the quinolizidine alkaloids (matrine, sparteine, methylcytisine, anagyrine, and sophoranol) with morphological and palynolog­ ical characters to suggest a hypothesis of evolutionary and biogeographic rela­ tionships. The mainland Chilean species of Sophora appear to have been de­ rived from' ancestors phylogenetically near the extant Argentinean species S. linearifolia and S. rhynchocarpa and the psammophyte S. tomentosa, growing at tropical coastal sites around the world. The Boreotropic hypothesis of Lavin and Luckow is incorporated in our model as the most parsimonious explana­ tion of the evolution of the species of Edwardsia. Sophora is a taxonomic group that meets the following criteria: a center of diversity in North America, an early Tertiary record in North America, and a pantropical distribution. Styph­ nolobium and Sophora (including Calia) are representatives of Sophora s.l. in the United States, suggesting a migration of the latter from the Northern Hemi­ sphere to South America. Consistent with the Boreotropic hypothesis, a pri­ mary diversification center in South America and subsequent migration to the Indian Ocean and New Zealand, the Juan Fernandez Archipelago, Easter Island, and possibly the Hawaiian Islands is the simplest explanation for the evolution of the Edwardsia species.
  • Genetic Variation and Hybridisation Among Eight Species of Kōwhai (Sophora: Fabaceae) from New Zealand Revealed by Microsatellite Markers

    Genetic Variation and Hybridisation Among Eight Species of Kōwhai (Sophora: Fabaceae) from New Zealand Revealed by Microsatellite Markers

    Article Genetic Variation and Hybridisation among Eight Species of kōwhai (Sophora: Fabaceae) from New Zealand Revealed by Microsatellite Markers Peter Heenan 1,*, Caroline Mitchell 2, and Gary Houliston 2 1 Research Associate, Allan Herbarium, Landcare Research, PO Box 40, Lincoln 7640, New Zealand 2 Landcare Research, PO Box 40, Lincoln 7640, New Zealand; [email protected] (C.M.); [email protected] (G.H.) * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +643‐338‐0810 Received: 30 January 2018; Accepted: 16 February 2018; Published: 20 February 2018 Abstract: We analysed nine microsatellite markers for 626 individuals representing the geographic range of eight closely related endemic New Zealand species of Sophora. Structure analysis identified the optimal K value as seven, with samples identified as Sophora chathamica, Sophora fulvida, Sophora longicarinata, and Sophora prostrata retrieved as well‐defined groups. The remaining samples formed less resolved groups referable to Sophora tetraptera and Sophora godleyi, with Sophora microphylla and Sophora molloyi forming the seventh group. Our data suggest that considerable admixture occurs and this is most likely the result of hybridisation or introgression. S. fulvida shows admixture with the sympatric S. chathamica, and the widespread S. microphylla exhibits admixture with the sympatric S. godleyi, S. molloyi, and S. tetraptera. Keywords: Fabaceae; hybridisation; kōwhai; microsatellite markers; New Zealand; Sophora section Edwardsia; species concepts 1. Introduction Sophora section Edwardsia represents a species radiation centred in the Pacific Ocean, with eight species in New Zealand, five species in Chile (including Juan Fernandez Islands, and Easter Island), and several species on various islands scattered across the Pacific Ocean (Lord Howe Island, Hawaii, and French Polynesia) [1,2].