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Federal Prison System, Our Present Programs and Plans for the Future

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Federal Prison System, Our Present Programs and Plans for the Future If you have issues viewing or accessing this file contact us at NCJRS.gov. -, -- ------.,.--~--------~-- ----~------ ~~- ------- - - ., BUREAU OF PRISONS AND THE U.S. PAROLE, C$tJMMISSIQN .. OVERSIGHT HEARING ",.,,BEFORE . THE , . )1 SUBCOMMITTEE ON COURTS, CIVIL- LIBERTIES, O/;! c' 'AND THE ADMINISTR.A.TION OF JUSTICE OF THE OOMMITTEE ,ON: THE, JUDICIARY- :' HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES NINETY-SEVENTH CONGRESS \ . FIRST SESSION ON .... T~~ .. U OF PRISONS Al.~D THE U.S. PAROLE COMMISSION (I'" MARpH 5, 1981 .serial No. 1 o Printed for the Committee on the Judiciary U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICfJ!l WASHINGTON: 1981 '. - -.-.-. -~-~ ....... -- -- ~- - ~- ~~-~~~~--~- - -- - ., CONTENTS WITNESSES COMMITl'EE ON THE JUDICIARY Page Carlson, Norman A., Director, Federal Bureau of Prisons ..................................... 1 PETER W. RODINO, JR., New Jersey, Chairman . Prepared statement ................................................................................................ n 2 JACK BROOKS, Texas ROBERT McCLORY, Illinois Mogli 6Dr. Peter, Director, U.S. Parole Commission ..................................... _.... 28 ROBERT W. KASTENMEIER, Wisconsin TOM RAILSBACK, Illinois c a, ecil C., Chairman, U.S. Parole Commission ....................................... :: ... .. 28 DON EDWARDS, California HAMILTON FI$H, ,J;R.,New York ' JOHN C01\TYERS, JR~, Michigan M. CALDWELL BT(1TLER, Virginia I j ApPENDIX JOHN F. SEIBERLING, Ohio CARLOS J. MOO~AD, California I GEORGE E. DANIELSON, California JOHN M. ASHBROO~~rio J ~. ~odatiotp C!f Bureau of Prisons and community treatment centers ................. 42 . e era rlsons Systems-Chart ............................................................................. ROMANO L. MAZZOLI, Kentucky HENRY J. HYDE, Illino~ ~ , It I 43 WILLIAM J. HUGHES, New Jersey THOMAS N. KINDNE$~{\(hio } ~. ~ederal Correctional System-Map ........................................................................ 44 SAM B. HALL, JR., Texas HAROLD s. SAWYERi,;?"VIif;higan f\ . ederal Prison System-long range plan 1981-85 .............................................. .. 45 MIKE SYNAR, Oklahoma DAN LUNGREN, , CaW6~~a (III) PATRICIA SCHROEDER; ~lorado F. J~S. SENSE~~INER, JR., '·.1 1 BILLY LEE EVANS, GeorgIa Wlsconsm r l'l DAN GLICKMAN, Kansas BILL McCOLWM, Florida I HAROLD WASHINGTON, Illinois / BARNEY FRANK, Massachusetts I ALAN A. PARKER, General Counsel ! GARNER J. CLINE, Staff Director FRANKLIN G. POLK, Associate Counsel SUBCOMMIT1'EE ON COURTS, CIVIL LmERTIES, AND THE ADMINISTRATION OF JUSTICE ROBERT W. KASTENMEIER, Wisconsin, Chairman GEORGE E. DANIELSON, California TOM RAILSBACK, lllinois ROMANO L. MAZZOLI, Kentucky CARLOS J. MOORHEAD, California LAMAR GUDGER, North Carolina: HAROLD S. SAWYER, Michigan ROBERT T. MATSUI, California ABNER J. MIKVA, Illinois BRUGE A. LEHMAN, Chief Counsel j TIMOTHY A. BOGGS, Professional Staff Member )1 ; \ GAIL HIGGINS FOGARTY, Counsel MICHAEL J. REMINGTON, Counsel I THOMAS E. MOONEY, Associate Counsel ,\ JOSEPH V. WOLFE, Associate Counsel 'I I'J \jc, (II) -'1 ij U.S. Department of Justice II ,I, National Institute of Justice ~ 1 This document has been reproduced exactly as received from the .) person or organization originating it. Points of view or opinions stat:d iI in this document are those of the authors and do not necessarily 0 H n represent the official position or policies of the National Institute of H Justice. h Permission to reproduce this OQpy~iQbteci material has been granted b~ • \ ;0 Publ~c Dauam u.s. Honse of Representatives to the National Criminal Justice Reference Service (NCJRS). Further reprodU~ti?n outside of the NCJRS system requires permis- " .. BUREAU OF PRISONS AND THE U.S. PAROLE COMMISSION I" THURSDAY, MARCH 5, 1981· HOUSE OF REP;R;ESENTATIVES, ! SUBCOMMITTEE ON COURTS, CIVIL· LIBERTIES, 1\j , AND THE ADMINISTRATION OF JUSTICE, i I COMMITTEE ON THE JUDICIARY, . Washington, D.C. !! The subcommittee met,pursuant to call, at 10 a.m., in room 2237, Rayburn House Office Building, Hon. Robert W. Kastenmeier qn (chairman of the subcommittee) presiding. Present: Representatives Kastenmeier,Butler, and Sawyer. 1 Staff present: Timothy A. Boggs, professional staff member; Gail ' I Higgins Fogarty, counsel; Thomas E. Mooney, associate counsel; /'"/ Joseph V. Wolfe, associate counsel; Audrey Marcus, subcommittee :'1, , t clerk. t ! I Mr. KASTENMEIER. The subcommittee will come to order. ; ,I ; ; Today is our third day of oversight hearings this session. Today's .. , ! h~ar~gs involve the Bureau of Prisons and the U.S. Parole Com­ ! mISSIon. As our fIrst witness today we are very pleased to greet a person : t very well known to this committee and other committees in Con­ I, gress. He has been the Director of the .Federal Bureau of Prisons ! t since 1970, and has a very distinguished record in corrections, and we have always found him to be an able witness and an individual n whQ is worthy and sets the highest standards for servic~ to his Government. I Mr. Carlson, you may proceed as you wish. We have your state­ r me:ot here, Your statement is not particularly long. You might t want to proceed fi'om it directly or in any other respect. I t, TESTIMONY OF NORMAN A. CARLSON, DIRECTOR, FEDERAL 1 , <'.:- BUREAU OF PRISONS t ,~ Mr. CARLSON. Thank you, Mr. Chairman, and Congressman t Butler. With your permission, I would like to just summarize, if I ""-' may, the statement and introduce it into the record. Mr. KASTENMEIER. Your statement will be received. Ir [The statement of Mr. Carlson follows:] i (1) 1 I 1 \ t " 1 \ l . f ,!f' " 2 3 Statement While projecting future populations is extremely difficult I becaus,/3 of the many variables involved, we note that 'criminal filings of I by United States Attorneys have bE!gun to show an increase during Norman A. Ca~lson recent months. If this trend continues, we anticipate that,the 'I federal prison population will begin to expand once again. Any Director, Federal Bureau of Prisons significant change in prosecution policy, particularly as it relates M Chairman, and members of the Subc;ommittee, I appreciate r. U to bank robbery, will result in an even ~ore dramatic increase. the opportunity to appear before you once again, to discu~? the Staff Development Federal Prison System, our present programs and plans for the future. Unlike the prison population in most of the states, the Federal The Bureau of Prisons, traditionally a career service, has Prison population has decreased during the past three years. Since attempted to significantly upgrade staff through the recr"litment reaching an all time high of 30,400 in August 1977, the inmate popu- and training of correctional officers. Since the maximum entry age lation has declined and now stands at 24,300. Included in the current .Ii of recruitment is 35 and the mandatory retirement age is 55 (Public total are 1,700 Cuban detainees who have been identified by the (J ~ Law 93-350), most new employees are young. Approximately 70 percent Immigration and Naturalization Service as having significant criminal of recent recruits have college backgrounds. records. The physical capacity of the 43 existing federal institutions f Subsequent to the tragedy at the ~ew York State facility at is 24,500. While we are not experiencing the system-wide overcrowding f Attica in 1971, high priority was placed on recruiting minorities A' we did a few years ago, we do have several institutions which remain and women into the System, So as to better balance the racial and tr above capacity. We are actively working to cOrrect this imbalance. I ethnic composition of staff ,'lith the inmate popUlation. The ntimber 1 The past problem of overcrowding was significantly dimin!shed ! of minorit~ staff has increased from 6.6 percent in 1970 to 22 percent through the efforts of members of this Subcommittee who authorized the ! today and accounts for 28 percent of the correctional officer force establiShment~ of two new camps on the sites of deactivated military as compared to 8 percent in 1971. Women now constitute 18 percent installatio~ Spring, Te:<as ilnd Boro):), ·California. These ~ in Big of all Bureau employees, compared to 9.8 percent in 1970. facilitie~nable, us to place nearly 500 minimum security inmates Inmate Programs II closer f~ their homes. Th~ principal reason, however, for the decline in population was The mission of the Federal Prison System is to provide a a shift in the Department's prosecutiOl policy emphasizing white collar safe and humane environment for individu~s committed to custody, ~~ - and organized crime, public corruption, and major narcotic violations. while at the same time, giving them opporturi'i,ties, through a variety p The number of offenders committed for armed bank robbery, traditionally the largest offense category, declined during this period. 1 I I \ (' n !i 'I fl ., 4 5 of programs, for positive, personal change. we have shifted our Traditionally, the most significant institutional program has thinking co'l)cerning r.ehaililitation 11n':1 hav~ concluded that the been education, both academic and \'>ocational. We provide educational "medical. model'; of diagnosis and treatment is no long,=,. appropriate. programs in all institutions, ranging from basic literacy traiilihg correctional administrators and inmates alike ~gree th~t "rehabilita­ through high school and college courses. A number of vocatio.nal and tion" is something that cannot be. coerced and tha.t change must corne apprenticeship training programs are ~lso available. Two hundred and from ",rithin the
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