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Tamil Nadu – Muslims – State Protection – Student Islamic Movement of India

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Tamil Nadu – Muslims – State Protection – Student Islamic Movement of India Refugee Review Tribunal AUSTRALIA RRT RESEARCH RESPONSE Research Response Number: IND30143 Country: India Date: 15 May 2006 Keywords: India – Tamil Nadu – Muslims – State Protection – Student Islamic Movement of India This response was prepared by the Country Research Section of the Refugee Review Tribunal (RRT) after researching publicly accessible information currently available to the RRT within time constraints. This response is not, and does not purport to be, conclusive as to the merit of any particular claim to refugee status or asylum. Questions 1. Can you provide information on ethnic conflict in Tamil Nadu in respect to Muslims, and in particular the current circumstances of Muslims in Tamil Nadu in terms of their treatment and ability to access state protection? 2. Can you provide information on SIMI, their policies and activities and current status? Any references to the Manager of SIMI from 1980-2001 and any reference to their publications would also be appreciated. RESPONSE 1. Can you provide information on ethnic conflict in Tamil Nadu in respect to Muslims, and in particular the current circumstances of Muslims in Tamil Nadu in terms of their treatment and ability to access state protection? No recent reports were located confirming or refuting the incidence of ethnic conflict in respect to Muslims and specifically in Tamil Nadu. Recent reports of conflict in the state of Tamil Nadu indicate widespread violence occurring at local by-elections involving arrests of ruling AIADMK ministers and Opposition DMK leaders. However, there is no indication that this violence was ethnically motivated and an intentional attack on Muslims in Tamil Nadu. As the following report from 2005 indicates: Violence broke out in Chennai, where by-polls to two Corporation wards — 110 and 131 were held — with ruling AIADMK and Opposition DMK trading charges of casting bogus votes and booth capturing. Trouble broke out soon after polling began at 7:30 am, when a group of DMK volunteers, led by deputy general secretary M K Stalin and treasurer Arcot N Veerasamy, staged a road roko, alleging violence and booth capturing by AIADMK men in areas coming under ward 110 in the Gopalapuram area. DMK chief M Karunanidhi lives in the Gopalapuram area. (‘Violence mars Tamil Nadu civic polls’ 2005, Deccan Herald – http://www.deccanherald.com/deccanherald/Apr202005/national1914162005 419.asp Accessed 10 May 2006 – Attachment 1.) A report from February 2006 on the New Kerala News website also indicates that clashes in Tamil Nadu were in relation to political demonstrations: Chennai: Factionalism in the Tamil Nadu Congress came to the fore Monday as supporters of former Youth Congress leader and ex-MLA from Chennai, Chella Kumar, clashed with party cadres backing Karthik Chidambaram, son of central Finance Minister P. Chidambaram. The Chella Kumar group was protesting the possible appointment of Karthik Chidambaram as Youth Congress leader in Tamil Nadu, ahead of coming assembly elections. Meanwhile, M. Krishnaswamy, the newly appointed president of the Tamil Nadu unit of the Congress denied that there was factionalism in the state Congress even as protestors barged into his office at Sathymurthy Bhavan shouting slogans. “Down with dynastic politics”, the protesters shouted. Last month too there was a confrontation when the Chella Kumar group mobbed Congress leader in charge of Tamil Nadu Veerappa Moily at Chennai airport (‘Youth Congress factions clash in Tamil Nadu’ 2006, New Kerala News website, http://www.newkerala.com/news2.php?action=fullnews&id=13096 – Accessed 10 May – Attachment 2) Information about communal violence occurring between Muslims and Hindus outside of Tamil Nadu is offered in the Human Rights Watch World Report for India for 2006 and states that, “in October 2005, five people were killed in the town of Mau in Uttar Pradesh in Hindu- Muslim riots. The majority Muslim in the town had objected to the celebration of a Hindu festival” (Human Rights Watch 2006, World Report 2006 – India, Human Rights Watch website http://hrw.org/wr2k6/pdf/india.pdf – Accessed 10 May – Attachment 3). Academic and vice chancellor of the University of Calicut, Kerala, Prof. Syed Iqbal Hasnain, believes that access to education in the state of Tamil Nadu influences ethnic and cultural relations in the area. Prof. Hasnain describes the “cultural amalgam” of the south as facilitating “the internalisation of multicultural values and communal harmony in the academic community, and thereby in the entire society”. As the following excerpt elaborates: While the South Indian Muslims, particularly of Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka and Maharashtra have shown impressive progress in education, their counterparts in Bihar, UP, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, Jammu and Kashmir and Haryana have lagged behind… …Educational institutions in the South have a major role in maintaining communal harmony in the region. One major reason for this is that these institutions are interdependent in nature. They accommodate students and faculty from various religious and cultural backgrounds. This cultural amalgam facilitates the internalisation of multicultural values and communal harmony in the academic community, and thereby, in the entire society (Hasnain, Prof. Syed Iqbal 2005, ‘How to empower Muslims’ Excerpt from The Asian Age, Accessed from http://allaahuakbar.in website http://allaahuakbar.in/topic.asp?TOPIC_ID=87&FORUM_ID=1&CAT_ID=1 &Forum_Title=General+Chat+Forum&Topic_Title=How+to+empower+Mu slims%21%21%21 – Accessed 27 October 2005 – Attachment 4). The state of Tamil Nadu was greatly affected by the tsunami that devastated South and Southeast Asia on the 26th of December 2004. A January 2005 article in The Wall Street Journal describes how Tamil Nadu was “the worst-hit region in southern India” and how the devastation of the tsunami has brought Hindus and Muslims together in relief efforts. The article also describes how the Muslim welfare organisation, the United Islamic Jamaath has provided relief efforts to Hindus as well as members of their Muslim community. As is described in the following excerpt from The Wall Street Journal, the relief efforts offer: …one sign of hope born of the catastrophe that has devastated South and Southeast Asia. The region has been wracked by sectarian conflicts in recent years, including Hindu-Muslim rioting in the India state of Gujarat in 2002 that left thousands dead…(however)…local television stations have lauded…(the welfare)…group for inspiring new hope for Hindu-Muslim relations in India after the tragedy of Gujarat (Solomon, J. 2005, ‘After the tsunami, religious differences give way to charity’ The Wall Street Journal Online, January 4, http://online.wsj.com/article/SB110478679113215639.html – Accessed 9 May 2006 – Attachment 5). According to several RRT Country Research responses from 2004, information about the general situation facing Muslims in the state of Tamil Nadu prior to the tsunami, indicates that from 1997 onwards, the human rights situation facing Muslims in Tamil Nadu had deteriorated. Information regarding the situation is provided in the following RRT Country Research responses: RRT Country Research 2004, Research Response IND23483, 3 December – Attachment 6 (Q.2); RRT Country Research 2004, Research Response IND16663, 12 May – Attachment 7 (Q.3); RRT Country Research 2004, Research Response IND16591, 29 March – Attachment 8 (Q.2). According to a Country Issues Brief from July 2003 produced by the Protection Decision Support Section, Department of Immigration and Multicultural Affairs, information about ethnic conflict and incidents of violence towards Muslims in Tamil Nadu include the following: Violence towards Tamil Nadu’s Muslims has been matched by terrorist strikes in the state during the late 1990s. On 6 December 1997, bombs went off in three trains that originated from Chennai the previous night, resulting in the death of nine passengers and injuries to 70. A note found in the name of the “Islamic Defence Force of Kerala” in one of the trains claimed that the blast was to protest against the Government’s failure to punish those responsible for the demolition of the Babri Masjid (Babri Mosque). In January 1998, a bomb went off under the Anna flyover in Chennai. The bomb was placed there allegedly by the Jihad Committee. In Coimbatore, on 14 February 1998 forty-six persons – 35 men, 10 women and one child – were killed and over 200 injured in 13 bomb attacks in 11 places, all of them within a 12-km radius. Within hours of the blasts, the Tamil Nadu Government banned Al-Umma and the Jihad Committee. Al-Umma founder-president S.A. Basha and 12 other members of the organisation were arrested in Chennai; explosive materials and weapons were seized from his house in Triplicane, Chennai. Leaders of the Jihad Committee and the TMMK were arrested in a State-wide crackdown. Among those arrested were Jihad Committee president R.M. Haniffa, general secretary Mohammed Haniffa, student wing secretary Akram Khan, TMMK president and college lecturer M.H. Jawahirulla and treasurer G.M. Pakkar. The Tamil Nadu government had continued to monitor the activities of Al- Umma. On 20 February 2001 seven Al-Umma activists were arrested in Coimbatore on charges of plotting to eliminate ‘informants’ and possession of lethal weapons (DIMIA Country Information Service 2003, Country Issues Brief: The Political Situation and Hindu- Muslim Relations in the State of Tamil Nadu, (sourced from Protection Decision Support Section
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