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Political Liberation in the Arab World Hearing
REDEFINING BOUNDARIES: POLITICAL LIBERATION IN THE ARAB WORLD HEARING BEFORE THE COMMITTEE ON INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ONE HUNDRED NINTH CONGRESS FIRST SESSION APRIL 21, 2005 Serial No. 109–81 Printed for the use of the Committee on International Relations ( Available via the World Wide Web: http://www.house.gov/international—relations U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 20–788PDF WASHINGTON : 2005 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office Internet: bookstore.gpo.gov Phone: toll free (866) 512–1800; DC area (202) 512–1800 Fax: (202) 512–2250 Mail: Stop SSOP, Washington, DC 20402–0001 VerDate Mar 21 2002 10:45 Nov 17, 2005 Jkt 000000 PO 00000 Frm 00001 Fmt 5011 Sfmt 5011 F:\WORK\FULL\042105\20788.000 HINTREL1 PsN: SHIRL COMMITTEE ON INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS HENRY J. HYDE, Illinois, Chairman JAMES A. LEACH, Iowa TOM LANTOS, California CHRISTOPHER H. SMITH, New Jersey, HOWARD L. BERMAN, California Vice Chairman GARY L. ACKERMAN, New York DAN BURTON, Indiana ENI F.H. FALEOMAVAEGA, American ELTON GALLEGLY, California Samoa ILEANA ROS-LEHTINEN, Florida DONALD M. PAYNE, New Jersey DANA ROHRABACHER, California ROBERT MENENDEZ, New Jersey EDWARD R. ROYCE, California SHERROD BROWN, Ohio PETER T. KING, New York BRAD SHERMAN, California STEVE CHABOT, Ohio ROBERT WEXLER, Florida THOMAS G. TANCREDO, Colorado ELIOT L. ENGEL, New York RON PAUL, Texas WILLIAM D. DELAHUNT, Massachusetts DARRELL ISSA, California GREGORY W. MEEKS, New York JEFF FLAKE, Arizona BARBARA LEE, California JO ANN DAVIS, Virginia JOSEPH CROWLEY, New York MARK GREEN, Wisconsin EARL BLUMENAUER, Oregon JERRY WELLER, Illinois SHELLEY BERKLEY, Nevada MIKE PENCE, Indiana GRACE F. -
Maritime Boundary Agreements 172 6.1 Introduction 172 6.2 Saudi-Bahrain 1958 Agreement 172 6.2.1 Historic Background 174 6.2.2 Boundary Delimitation 176
Durham E-Theses Maritime boundary delimitation of the kingdom of Saudi Arabia a study in political geography Al-Muwaled, Faraj Mobarak Jam'an How to cite: Al-Muwaled, Faraj Mobarak Jam'an (1993) Maritime boundary delimitation of the kingdom of Saudi Arabia a study in political geography, Durham theses, Durham University. Available at Durham E-Theses Online: http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/10368/ Use policy The full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-prot purposes provided that: • a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source • a link is made to the metadata record in Durham E-Theses • the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders. Please consult the full Durham E-Theses policy for further details. Academic Support Oce, Durham University, University Oce, Old Elvet, Durham DH1 3HP e-mail: [email protected] Tel: +44 0191 334 6107 http://etheses.dur.ac.uk 2 MARITIME BOUNDARY DELIMITATION OF THE KINGDOM OF SAUDI ARABIA A STUDY IN POLITICAL GEOGRAPHY Fara.i Mobarak Jam'an AI-Muwaled The copyright of this thesis rests with the author. No quotation from it should be published without his prior written consent and information derived from it should be acknowledged. Thesis submitted for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Social Science in the Department of Geography, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Durham, U.K. -
Applying the Creative City Concept to Makkah
Urban Transformation Through Creativity: Applying the Creative City Concept to Makkah Saeed A. Alamoudy A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Media at the University of Salford School of Arts and Media 1 Table of Contents List of Tables ............................................................................................................6 List of Figures...........................................................................................................7 Acknowledgments ....................................................................................................9 Abstract .................................................................................................................. 10 Publications ............................................................................................................ 11 Papers presented .................................................................................................... 11 Conference Co-organiser ....................................................................................... 11 CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION ................................................................... 12 Research Aim ................................................................................................................ 12 Research objectives ....................................................................................................... 12 Research Rationale ....................................................................................................... -
사우디아라비아 Saudi Arabia
사우디아라비아 SAUDI ARABIA 01 | 정보통신(ICT)・방송 _ 정책 현황 02 | 정보통신(ICT)・방송 _ 품목 현황 03 | 정보통신(ICT)・방송 _ 사업자 현황 04 | 정보통신(ICT)・방송 _ 협력 현황 사우디아라비아 정보통신(ICT)・방송 시장 주요 이슈 ■ 시장 - 2015년 사우디아라비아의 스마트폰 시장 규모는 총 22억 6,900만 달러로 추정 - 2015년 기준 사우디아라비아의 게임 소프트웨어, 음악 및 비디오 시장 규모는 60억 5,400만 리얄에 이를 것으로 추산 - 2015년 전체 소매 거래 중 온라인 거래 비중이 8%에 이르며, 전자상거래(e-Commerce) 시장 규모가 133억 달러에 달할 것으로 추정 ■ 사업자 - 사우디 국영통신사 STC, 2015년 4월 새 CEO 취임과 함께 新 비전 ‘LEAD’ 선포 - STC, 2014년 12월 말 기준 42.5%의 시장 점유율을 기록하며 사우디 이동통신 시장 1위 수성 - 3위 이동통신사 Zain, 2015년 6월 1.8GHz, 2.1GHz 주파수 대역에서 LTE-A급 서비스 출시 1. 정보통신(ICT)・방송 정책 현황 1.1. 정보통신(ICT)・방송 정책 및 규제 기관 정보통신(ICT)・방송 주무 기관 정보통신(ICT) 분야 정책 및 규제 수립 총괄 부처 - 통신정보기술부(Ministry of Communications and Information Technology, MCIT) 독립 통신 규제 기관 - 통신정보기술위원회(Communication and Information Technology Commission, CITC) 방송, 언론, 출판물 등 미디어 분야 정책 및 규제 총괄 부처 - 문화정보부(Ministry of Culture and Information, MOCI) 정보통신(ICT)・방송 관련 업무 구조 정보통신(ICT)・방송 정책 주요 계획 국가 정보통신(ICT) 발전 계획(National Communications and Information Technology Plan, NCITP) - 2001년부터 2020년까지의 사우디아라비아의 정보통신(ICT) 분야의 장기적인 비전과 발전 방향을 제시함 제10차 개발 계획 2015~2019(Tenth Development Plan 2015~2019) - 사우디아라비아 정부가 발표한 제10차 개발계획 2015~2019는 경제발전의 향상을 위한 질적 측정을 강조하고 있음 220 | 정보통신산업진흥원 - 정보통신기술 및 방송에 관련하여 목표 2) 경제적 다양성 향상 부문에 ICT 서비스의 강화로 GDP 향상, 목표 3) 지식기반 사회와 지식사회로의 전환, 목표 5) 국가 경제의 생산성 향상부문 에서 중소기업의 ICT 활용을 통한 생산성 향상, 목표 17) 통합적이고 높은 질의 헬스케어 제공부문에서 e-Health 시스템 향상과, 정보시스템 지원 및 사용 범위 확대 등이 포함되어 나타남 제9차 개발 계획 2010~2014(Ninth Development Plan 2010~2014) - 상기 프로젝트는 사우디아라비아 정부 주도의 5개년 국가 개발 계획으로, 2010년부터 2014년 까지 적용되며, 통신정보기술위원회(CITC) -
Arabia Saudita
INFORME ECONÓMICO Y COMERCIAL Arabia Saudita Elaborado por la Oficina Económica y Comercial de España en Riad Actualizado a mayo 2021 1 1 SITUACIÓN POLÍTICA . 4 1.1 PRINCIPALES FUERZAS POLÍTICAS Y SU PRESENCIA EN LAS INSTITUCIONES . 4 1.2 GABINETE ECONÓMICO Y DISTRIBUCIÓN DE COMPETENCIAS . 7 2 MARCO ECONÓMICO . 7 2.1 PRINCIPALES SECTORES DE LA ECONOMÍA . 7 2.1.1 SECTOR PRIMARIO . 7 2.1.2 SECTOR SECUNDARIO . 8 2.1.3 SECTOR TERCIARIO . 13 2.2 INFRAESTRUCTURAS ECONÓMICAS: TRANSPORTE, COMUNICACIONES Y ENERGÍA . 16 3 SITUACIÓN ECONÓMICA . 20 3.1 EVOLUCIÓN DE LAS PRINCIPALES VARIABLES . 20 CUADRO 1: PRINCIPALES INDICADORES MACROECONÓMICOS . 21 3.1.1 ESTRUCTURA DEL PIB . 22 CUADRO 2: PIB POR SECTORES DE ACTIVIDAD Y POR COMPONENTES DEL GASTO . 22 3.1.2 PRECIOS . 23 3.1.3 POBLACIÓN ACTIVA Y MERCADO DE TRABAJO. DESEMPLEO . 23 3.1.4 DISTRIBUCIÓN DE LA RENTA . 24 3.1.5 POLÍTICAS FISCAL Y MONETARIA . 24 3.2 PREVISIONES MACROECONÓMICAS . 25 3.3 OTROS POSIBLES DATOS DE INTERÉS ECONÓMICO . 26 3.4 COMERCIO EXTERIOR DE BIENES Y SERVICIOS . 26 3.4.1 APERTURA COMERCIAL . 27 3.4.2 PRINCIPALES SOCIOS COMERCIALES . 27 CUADRO 3: EXPORTACIONES POR PAÍSES (PRINCIPALES PAÍSES CLIENTES) . 28 CUADRO 4: IMPORTACIONES POR PAÍSES (PRINCIPALES PAÍSES PROVEEDORES) . 29 3.4.3 PRINCIPALES SECTORES DE BIENES (EXPORTACIÓN E IMPORTACIÓN) . 30 CUADRO 5: EXPORTACIONES POR SECTORES . 30 CUADRO 6: EXPORTACIONES POR CAPÍTULOS ARANCELARIOS . 30 CUADRO 7: IMPORTACIONES POR SECTORES . 31 CUADRO 8: IMPORTACIONES POR CAPÍTULOS ARANCELARIOS . 31 3.4.4 PRINCIPALES SECTORES DE SERVICIOS (EXPORTACIÓN E IMPORTACIÓN) . 32 3.5 TURISMO . -
The Gulf and Sectarianism
ANALYSIS GULF THE GULF AND SECTARIANISM Introduction by Fatima Ayub ABOUT By virtue of their confined political environments, the countries of the Arabian Peninsula and their most important neighbours often remain impenetrable to domestic and Has the Arab Awakening degenerated into a nightmare? foreign observers. And yet, the evolving politics After its first experiment with credible elections, Egypt has of Peninsula countries, their relationship to reverted to the strongman politics of the deep state. A free one another and to the wider region, pose Libya looks to be in free fall. Yemen’s managed political some of the most significant and unanswered transition is stagnating. Bahrain’s national reconciliation questions for the changing geopolitics of the is less a dialogue than a monologue by its self-assured Middle East. Gulf politics are entering the monarchs. Syria is unravelling into an ever more divisive most unpredictable and volatile era since their and brutal internecine conflict, jeopardising the political establishment. and economic health of already anaemic Lebanon and Jordan. The war in Iraq, metastasizing anew as the Arab Understanding these new trends as they Awakening triggers new power struggles around it, claims unfold will be critical if Europeans and other hundreds of dead each month as it fuses with the war on its international actors intend to rely on the Gulf western border. Perhaps the most worrying trend is that of states as financial and political partners in the sectarianism and in particular the re-emergence of identity region. In the coming decade, the Gulf states politics along the Shia-Sunni divide. -
Monthly Bulletin
MONTHLY BULLETIN MIDDLE EAST PUBLISHERS’ VOLUME 31, ISSUE 31 MARCH, 2009 MEPA'S OBJECTIVES: NEWS UPDATE • To encourage the widest possible spread of publications throughout MEDIA PERSONALITY OF THE YEAR; AMF HONOURS Middle East and beyond. SAUDI PRINCE FAISAL • To promote and protect by all lawful means the publishing in- dustry in Middle East • To protect members by dealing The Arab Media Forum announced Saturday it collectively with problems. is to honour Saudi Arabia’s Prince Faisal bin • To cooperate for mutual benefits with other organizations con- Salman bin Abdulaziz Al-Saud, Chairman of cerned in the creation, production the Saudi Research and Marketing Group and distribution of publications. (SRMG) – a giant Middle Eastern media com- • To promote the development of public interest in publications in pany – as Media Personality of the Year, ac- association with other publishing cording to the media executive office. Prince Faisal Bin Salman organizations with similar objec- tives. • To serve as a medium for ex- The forum, which will honour a number of distinguished Arab personalities change of ideas with respect to for their contributions to Arab media, will be held in Kuwait between April 5- publication, sales copyright and 7, under the patronage of His Highness the Prime Minister Sheikh Nasser Al- other matters of interest. Mohammad Al-Ahmad Al-Sabah. Prince Faisal’s award, comes in accordance IN THIS ISSUE: with his support of Arab media institutions and their development, said the forum’s Secretary General Madhi Al-Khamees. Prince Faisal on his part ex- NEWS UPDATE pressed his gratitude to the media forum’s organizers for its decision, also 1 • MEDIA PERSONALITY OF THE expressing appreciation to the State of Kuwait and its significant role in the YEAR; AMF HONOURS SAUDI PRINCE FAISAL. -
AMO Cover-F-Eng
1 ss;s; PRODUCTION TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 02 Project Team Foreword: Dubai Press Club 04 Foreword: Deloitte Maryam Bin Fahad, Executive Director 06 Acknowledgements Nadin Al Lahham, Business Development Supervisor 08 Executive Summary Adel Ibrahim, Senior Manager Operations 12 Methodology Muna Busamra, Deputy Manager Arab Journalism Award Sadiq Jarrar, Communications & PR Manager Section 1: Arab Media in a Global Context 15 Jasim Al Shemsi, Deputy Project Manager Mohab Mazen, Deputy Events Manager 1. Print 25 Afra Matar, Brand Executive 2. TV 41 Khalid Jamal, PR Coordinator 3. Digital 57 Ahmad Khalid, Events Coordinator 4. Other Platforms 77 Khulood Alkhoory, Media Relations Coordinator 5. TV Series 81 Rajeev Kandathil, Administrative Executive 6. Movies 95 Mohamed Al Hosany, Events Coordinator 7. Sports 109 Ahmed Al Muhairbi, Media Relations Coordinator 8. Music 123 Ahmed Al Hashimi, Media Relations Coordinator Abdul Hani Aliouat, Arabic Editor & Proofreader Section 2: Regional Update 135 Dana Beydoun, Senior Editor In-focus countries 137 Sireen Jannoun, Senior Editor Country-by-country update 175 Section 3: The Media Revolution For Feedback and Review 1. Introduction 223 Dr. Hessa Lootah, Assistant Professor Department of Public Media and Communications - Emirates University 2. Social Media 224 Mamoon Sbeih, Managing Director - Arab Region, APCO Worldwide 3. Satellite TV 229 Craig D`Silva, Project Consultant, APCO Worldwide 4. Implications for the Future 232 Musab Zakarya – For translation 5. Conclusion 238 For Deloitte Glossary -
Country Risk Weekly Bulletin News Headlines
Issue 108 March 19, 2009 Economic Research & Analysis Department COUNTRY RISK WEEKLY BULLETIN NEWS HEADLINES EMERGING MARKETS Region is the most water scarce in the world The UNESCO's third World Water Development report stated Global crisis is increasing risk of sovereign that the MENA region is the most water-limited region in the defaults world, holding only 1% of global runoff. It expected water Moody's Investors Service indicated that, as the financial crisis scarcity in the region to worsen due to lower rainfalls and to the spread to emerging markets and global economic growth high rates of population growth, as the region’s population in slowed, sovereign credit trends were reversed as rating down- 2080 could reach 5.4 times its level in 2000. It added that these grades exceeded upgrades in 2008 for the first time in several demographic and climate factors are increasing the number of years. It said two sovereigns defaulted, as Ecuador and the areas where water has become a limiting factor for irrigated Seychelles both missed interest payments on their global bonds agriculture and are tightening food production in the region as it in the second half of the year. Also, seven countries were down- can no longer satisfy its food requirements. The UNESCO also graded, mostly during the second half of the year, as the global added that environmental degradation from water pollution and financial crises spread first to Iceland, then to emerging excessive withdrawals have negative economic impacts, as the European markets such as Hungary and Latvia, and then to cost of environmental degradation in the region is estimated at emerging market countries as geographically diverse as Egypt, $9bn a year, accounting for between 2.1% to 7.4% of the Pakistan, and Ecuador. -
In the Context of the Saudi News Media
A University of Sussex PhD thesis Available online via Sussex Research Online: http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/ This thesis is protected by copyright which belongs to the author. This thesis cannot be reproduced or quoted extensively from without first obtaining permission in writing from the Author The content must not be changed in any way or sold commercially in any format or medium without the formal permission of the Author When referring to this work, full bibliographic details including the author, title, awarding institution and date of the thesis must be given Please visit Sussex Research Online for more information and further details 1 Online news: A study of ‘credibility’ in the context of the Saudi news media Naif Mutlaq Alotaibi Thesis Submitted for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy University of Sussex December 2016 2 I hereby declare that this thesis has not been and will not be, submitted, either in the same or different form to this or any other University for a degree. Signature: 3 UNIVERSITY OF SUSSEX Naif Mutlaq Alotaibi Online news: A study of ‘credibility’ in the context of the Saudi news media ABSTRACT This thesis explores the ‘credibility’ of news in Saudi Arabia, comparing online media with official newspapers. The latter are heavily regulated offering limited viewpoints. But the Saudi government has been less able to regulate online. Against a historical background of news development in Saudi Arabia, the thesis explores the rise of online from discussion forums established in the 1990s to online newspapers and social media. Largely qualitative methods (interviews, focus groups) plus a quantitative survey, were adopted to collect two sets of data: from educated readers, and from journalists working for online publications. -
The Gulf and Sectarianism
ANALYSIS GULF THE GULF AND SECTARIANISM Introduction by Fatima Ayub ABOUT By virtue of their confined political environments, the countries of the Arabian Peninsula and their most important neighbours often remain impenetrable to domestic and Has the Arab Awakening degenerated into a nightmare? foreign observers. And yet, the evolving politics After its first experiment with credible elections, Egypt has of Peninsula countries, their relationship to reverted to the strongman politics of the deep state. A free one another and to the wider region, pose Libya looks to be in free fall. Yemen’s managed political some of the most significant and unanswered transition is stagnating. Bahrain’s national reconciliation questions for the changing geopolitics of the is less a dialogue than a monologue by its self-assured Middle East. Gulf politics are entering the monarchs. Syria is unravelling into an ever more divisive most unpredictable and volatile era since their and brutal internecine conflict, jeopardising the political establishment. and economic health of already anaemic Lebanon and Jordan. The war in Iraq, metastasizing anew as the Arab Understanding these new trends as they Awakening triggers new power struggles around it, claims unfold will be critical if Europeans and other hundreds of dead each month as it fuses with the war on its international actors intend to rely on the Gulf western border. Perhaps the most worrying trend is that of states as financial and political partners in the sectarianism and in particular the re-emergence of identity region. In the coming decade, the Gulf states politics along the Shia-Sunni divide. -
STRATEGIC SAUDI ARABIA UPDATE • Strategic Analysis • Insight News
23 September 2017 Volume 1, Week 36 + 37 STRATEGIC SAUDI ARABIA UPDATE • Strategic Analysis • Insight News www.verocy.com SAUDI ARABIA STRATEGIC UPDATE Volume 1, Week 36 + 37 23 September 2017 STRATEGIC ANALYSIS .............................................................................................. 3 Saudi Arabia’s future: From Kingdom of Oil to Start Up Hub and Fintech center?............ 3 Saudi Arabia enters “Fun Land” .................................................................................... 10 Middle-East Tensions Soar After Critical Phone Call .......................................................11 OPEC’s Latest Report Signals An Oil Price Rally ............................................................ 14 Why Aramco Delayed Its IPO ........................................................................................ 16 Trouble Is Brewing In Kurdistan .................................................................................... 18 STRATEGIC INSIGHT NEWS ..................................................................................... 21 Saudi Arabia's PIF, SoftBank to launch robotics initiative .............................................. 21 Saudi to revise National Transformation Program ........................................................ 21 The 'jewels in the crown' of Saudi's privatization program ............................................ 23 Saudi Arabia said to offer major incentives for Tadawul listing ...................................... 25 Saudi Arabia to launch global PR offensive