SOUTH AFRICA
14 Gender, elections and the media workshops February to March 2004
Synopsis
This report covers the Gender, Elections and Media workshops that took place in South Aifrica, w th the supportof NIZA, betw een 17 February and19 March 2004 in three provinces , Gauteng, Western Cape a ndKwa Zulu-Nata l. The programmes for the workshops are attached at Annexes B, H,KandN. They consisted of: x A one day w orkshopon Gender, Elections and the Media that focused on key g ender issuesinthe then upcoming elec tions in partnership with the South Afr ican National Editors Forum (SANEF). x Four newsrooms training worksh op with key print and electro nic media, i ncluding Kaya FM, E-TV (Johannesburg) K-FM (Cape Town) and SABC (Kwa Zulu Natal) x Two tertiary institutions where training was given to postgraduate students in the Media Studies Department (University of Stellenbosch and the Durban Institute of Technology). x Two one day media skills training workshop for women in politics (in Cape Town and Kwa Zulu Natal).
Participants
Workshop M F Unknown TOTAL Gender, media and elections 7 6 0 13 Gauteng – Onsite Train ing Gender, media and elections 1 22 0 23 IDASA Gender, media and elections 6 16 0 22 Cape Town – Onsite Training Gender, media and elections 2 8 0 10 KZN - DIT Women in Politics 1 36 0 37 KZN - IEC Gender, media and elections 2 15 0 17 KZN – SABC Onsite Training Gender, media and elections 18 23 14 55 Rhodes University Onsite Training Total 37 12614 177 % 21% 71% 8% 100%
15 Context
% of women % of women in % of women in cabinet parliament councillors National assembly Region 18.0%19. 2% 22.7%
South Africa 29.6% 30% 28.2% x The table above illustrates that the representation of women in cabinet, parliament and as councillors in South Africa pertaining before the 2004 elections. The figures show that representation is above the regional level in every instance. x With 30 percent women in parliament, South Africa, with Mozambique, had the highest in the SADC ranking of women in Parliament. Both these countries have a PR system and the ruling parties (the ANC and Frelimo) have adopted party quotas. x The key gender issue in the South African elections was whether South Africa would use this opportunity to move from the thirty percent to fifty percent target advocated by the Fifty Fifty Campaign. This campaign raised the concern that South Africa’s success in increasing women’s participation in decision-making rests heavily on the ANC quota and that other parties should be obliged to ensure women’s increased representation in decision-making. The Fifty Fifty quota advocates a legislated fifty percent quota. x Against this background, the relatively small increase in women’s representation in parliament from 29 to 32.8 percent proved a disappointment in some quarters. However, the extent of media coverage around this issue, and the general fervour before the announcement of the new cabinet, played a key role in the increase in women’s representation in cabinet from 29.6 percent to 42 percent. x Women’s increased representation in cabinet received banner headli nes in most media and became one of the main talking points post elections (see media clippings).
16 GAUTENG
Repo r t on the Gauteng Onsite Training on Gender, Media and Elections 17 an d 25 February 2004
Objec t ive
Theo n site training workshops were launched in partnership with the Gender Advocacy Progr am me, SAMSO and the South African National Editor’s Forum (SANEF).
17 February Kaya FM
The session was conducted over lunchtime with the newsroom. The workshop was to engage with the journalists on the gender dimensions of elections and share findings of the Gender Links recently published study, Ringing Up the Changes: Gender in Southern African Politics. Participants were asked to take a guess of women’s representationin South African politics. Colleen Lowe Morna presented statistics on where women are in the various tiers of government. Participants were asked why it is necessary to have women in politics. Responses included the following:
x Women constitute more than half of the country’s population, x Women are hard workers and are less prone to be corrupt, x They know the needs of people on the ground especially women, x Women are compassionate and would carry over this onto their respective portfolios.
Ms.Lowe Morna presented the finding of the publication, this co vered issues like the legisla t ion that has been passed since women entered parliament after the 1994 electio n s, the kinds of institutional transformati on that has occurred in parliament, the change in attitudes of their male colleagues and the kinds of portfolios women handle in parliament, for e xample, the Chairs of the Defence and Finance Portfolio Committees are women. The Minister of Agriculture and Land Affairs and the Minister of Minerals and Energy are both women. The presentation also highlighted findings from other Southern African countries for comparative purposes such as the question of whether education mattered to women politicians.
The presentation also highlighted the role the media plays in the manner in which women politicians are covered. There was great debate on how the Minister of Health, Dr. Manto Tshabalala-Msimang has been covered by the media. Some journalists
17 argued that the media often responds to HIV/AIDS policy which government has established. At times the media has portrayed her in an unfair manner. Some women journalists argued that if it were a male Minister of Health, she doubted if media coverage would have been the same. Male politicians were not vilified in the manner that the Health Minister has been.
Story ideas x Look at women farmers and when a story has to be done, call Agri S.A. and request to speak to a woman farmer, x Look at women who are in parliament and find out how they are coping, x Look at election lists and where women are on those lists, x Predict who will be the first woman President of South Africa, x Look at the first generation of women MPs and those who were re-elected in the 1999 elections, what has made them stay or leave for those who have left.
Way forward Partici p ants were given folders on Gender, Media and Elections, which contained fact sheetson women in politics in Southern Africa, information on proportional representation, the quota system and good examples of media coverage on women in politics. Enclosed also was Gender and Elections contact list compiled by Gender Links. Portia Kobue, the newsroom manager thanked Gender Links for an informative session and encouraged her colleagues to report with a gender lens for the 2004 elections.
25 February 2004 E-TV
This half-day workshop was organized in partnership with SANEF and E-TV. Mr. Joe Thloloe welcomed all the participants and encouraged them to take all information they get at the workshop and implement it in their respective newsrooms. Hopewell Radebe gave a background to the workshop and why it was necessary to take place. He gave background on SANEF and its objectives, which are: x To address and redress racial and gender imbalances in the media, x To promote cooperation in all matters of common concern, x To nurture and deepen media freedom as a democratic value in all our communities and at all levels of society, x To promote media diversity in the interest of fostering maximum expression of opinion.
Gend e r and Media Baseline Study Kubi R ama, Gender Links
Participants were asked to pair up and go through the day’s newspapers and pick two storiesand look a t whether they have a gender angle, number of male and female source s in it and whether they would have taken a different angle to the s tory. This exercise led to a discussion on the findings of the Gender and Media baseline study in South Africa. Some radio stations expressed concern that they had low ratings but they mentioned that the focus of the station was in the process of change. The screening of
18 “Making Every Voice Count” video, which is based on the GMBS findings, followed this. Due to time constraints, only the first half of the video was screened.
Comments on the video
x There is still an underlying attitude to women journalists but it is very subtle in newsrooms, x South Africa needs to learn from other countries when it comes to training, whereby seni or editors and manage r attend these worksh ops and begin the process of implementation, x The video ref lects the issues that women jour nalists have to deal with once they enter newsroo m, x It also shows that women at times pe rpetuate gender stereotypes
William Bird of theMedia Monitoring Projec t gave a presen tation on the resea rch they had conducted in the 1999 elections. T his re vealed h ow med ia had covered the el ection process, the issuesof the elections and h ow the y had mi ssed to extrapolate ge nder issues of the campai gns.This presentationotheGen led t der Links’ presentation on Gender and Elections. Thi s was an interac tive pr esentation that involved participants . They were asked giv e answers to questio nslike, th e number of women in parliament currently, the number of Ministers and De puty Ministe rs, whe re do South African women stand in comparisongloballyand in theregion. Participants were asked to recall negative coverage ofwomen politicians and to think aboutwhether the coverag e was fair or unfair. Most participants mentioned how the media covered the Minister of Health, Dr. Manto Tshabalala-Msimang. Examples sighted include, “Doctor death” or “Manto refuses to pay for lunch”, a headline of a newspaper. Some participants mentioned how she looks uncaring and the way she was handling the HIV/AIDS issue, was unacceptable. A few journalists
Story Ideas
x Focus on the people on the ground and find out if they know who their constituency leader is, x Write an alternative story of the Minist er of Health, x Conduct voxpops of the different sectors of the population and ask them about the various parties’ election campaigns and manifestos. x Interview women in provincial government and predict who will go to national parliament x Explore the issue of the high number of women Deputy Ministers
19 Annex A: Participants from E-TV workshop
Name Organisation Gender Email Joe Thloloe E-TV Male [email protected] Benita Levin 94.7 Highveld Stereo Female [email protected] Phuti Mosomane Kaya Fm Male [email protected] Nhlanhla Mahlangu Kaya Fm Female [email protected] Eric Mlambo Y fm Male [email protected] Khanyi Magubane Y fm Female [email protected] Mpho Majoro SABC news.comFemal e [email protected] Andrew Burden 94.7 Highveld Stereo Male [email protected] Paul Dunn E-TV Male [email protected] Mark Klusener E-TV Male [email protected] Sahm V enter Freelance journalist Female [email protected] Hopewell Radebe Business Day Male [email protected] Femida Mehtar SANEF Female [email protected]
20 CAPE TOWN
GENDER, MEDIA AND ELECTIONS SEMINAR 8 March 2004 Held at IDASA, CAPE TOWN
DAY ONE
Objectives x To raise awareness, and ensure maximum visibility of gender issues, and effective participation by women in the forthcoming elections. x To devise strategies for taking the Fifty Fifty campaign forward, and ensuring that South Africa moves well beyond the thirty percent mark for women in provincial and national legislatures in the 2004 elections. x To explore how the media can use the elections to work towards more gender sensitive and balanced reporting.
The seminar took place on the 8 March, which is International Women’s Day at IDASA in partnership with the Gender Advocacy Programme. The programme is oat Annexure B, a list of participants is oat Annexure C. Reports on the Onsite training are at Annexure D.
Opening Address Gertrude Fester
Ms. Fester asked all the participants of the seminar to observe a moment of silence for one of their staff members who had passed on due to an act of violence, for those women who have died from violence and have sacrificed their lives.
In this 10 Years of Democracy, we need to take stock of our successes and failures. In some governmental departments, gender focal persons are part-time or do not exist at all. Poverty alleviation for women needs to be addressed as a serious issue in the next election. Non-governmental organizations and the rural women’s movement needs to be revived. Tied to the issue of poverty, is access to land. Presently, the Commission on Gender Equality is in the process of lodging a complaint with the Constitutional Court on the Communal Rights Bill. The Commission on Gender Equality will be celebrating 50 Years of the Women’s Charter, we will be highlighting that 30 % of women in parliament is not enough when women comprise of 50 % of the population in our country. As it is today, women don’t have a full voice. Quotas have expediated the process of ensuring that women are put on the political map. We as activists need to question why is it necessary to have quotas to ensure women’s participation when men do not go through the same process.
21 Quotas Panel
Dr. Sheila Meintjes chaired the panel and spoke about gender equality in South Africa. She spoke about the 50/50 partnership between Gender Links, Gender Advocacy Programme, and Commission on Gender Equality and IDASA. She spoke about the strides that the 30 % of women who are in parliament have made and the enormous influence they have wielded. However, 30 % is not sufficient enough.
Sheila Camerer Democratic Alliance
Gender equality is entrenched in the South African Constitution therefore women need to be more visible in politics and other spheres of society. As women we need to hold the government and political parties accountable for the inequalities that exist. The Democratic Alliance has no formal quota but rather use merit as a basis for including women in the higher ranks of the party. As the DA, we have an aspiration to achieve 50 % without a quota. Our national list is not separate from the provincial one and presently we have 34 % women on the list. The number of women on the list has improved and we do have a women’s league which is called DAWN, Democratic Alliance Women’s Network that endeavours to promote empowerment of women. DAWN does have a constitution and it is most active in Gauteng. Against this formal quota system, internally DAWN is pushing for a greater representation of women and we believe that women in parliament are there because of merit and they out perform men far better.
We support South Africa’s promotion of CEDAW but as a political party, we are concerned about the lack of cooperation between the national machinery and other political parties. In this particular instance, other political parties have no say in the country report to the United Nations. These reports at times lack objectivity especially when it comes to the Domestic Violence Act and the police implementation. The DA has an interest in working with civil society and has done so in the past. We have collaborated with them on the Sexual Offences Bill and the post exposure prophylaxis debate. The DA is of the opinion that government has the responsibility of funding shelters for abused women.
Suzanne Vos Inkatha Freedom Party
Quotas are demeaning and women enter politics and parliament in their own right. Pre 1994, there was a passion for women’s representation and we saw a lot of activism. Hence my party had more than the 30 % of women in parliament after the 1994 election. Within the IFP itself, the relationship between men and women is very good and there is parity between them. Women in the party don’t want the 50/50 % and they don’t want to be seen as research statistics or quotas. Rather the party has a mentoring programme for women and it encourages women to remain in local government because this is the sphere of government that is closer to people and where one can make a difference in terms of delivery. We believe that the proportional representation system assist women to get into politics. Women in parliament need to mentor other women. We fully support the CGE in addressing the land issue because
22 alienation of communal land will be most catastrophic if women are not involved or if it is not thought out properly.
On the Domestic Violence Act, why is it that it is the woman has to leave her house and not the man. Limitations of this Act need to be addressed as a matter of urgency.
Anna Van Wyk New National Party
The party does not have a quota system but it does promote gender equality in all spheres of life. On the current party list, women account for one third of the members. Like the IFP, our preference is for women to remain in local government and this is the practical involvement for them. Gradually the NNP is getting women there. In this election we have 24 women at the top of the party list and we feel that proportional representation is much better way of ensuring the distribution of power. There is no predictability or routi ne about parliament that can ensure the optimal functioning of women. Which means that after the five years is up, some come back and others don’t and there is a break in the achievements of women’s issues or these issues are not adequately represented. For example, men don’t go to gender workshops and therefore are not gender empowered. Men do not aspire to practicability. Bringing men on board is very difficult but it needs a lot of work from us as women parliamentarians. Quotas and merit go together but are not exclusively mutual. A quota should not preclude merit.
Summary from the Chair, Dr. Sheila Meintjes
Civil society has an important role to play in politics. There needs to be a debate on quotas to look at the advantages and disadvantages of it. On the other hand, men should be judged just as harshly as women when it comes to performance on the job. Women also need to form alliances with powerful men, as this will create an entry point for women in achieving their goals. The media needs to be sensitized into covering the stories on women and men as equally as possible and not focus on irrelevant issues like their code of dress.
Gender Dimensions of Elections
Commissioner Thoko Mpumlwana Independent Electoral Commission
For the 2004 election, there has been an increased access to voter registration and currently there are 20.7 million registered voters. Of this number 54.4 % are women. There are 37 political parties that have registered with the IEC and two of these are led by women, namely the Independent Democrats and the Keep It Straight and Simple. In this election, we have noticed that political parties have incorporated the gender issue into their manifestos and their election strategies. All parties are required to sign a code of conduct to say that they will campaign in an acceptable manner and run their campaigns in a free and fair manner. As the IEC, we have given the media full access
23 to election meetings but we have not created a code of conduct for the media in terms of reporting. Voter education is done in partnership with NGOs.
As for media coverage, we have found that the media is a difficult area to access and journalists often misinterpret situations. For example, the negative media coverage of KwaZulu Natal. There were areas of tension in that province and slight disturbances, the media misinterpreted this as election violence, which can inhibit other political parties from campaigning in those areas. Political party observers and independent observers need to go on campaign trails and non-governmental organizations need to participate as observers. As the IEC we have tried to run election workshops but very often journalists will not commit themselves to attend these therefore another alternative strategy needs to be devised to encourage their participation.
Kazadi Kadima Electoral Institute of Southern Africa
EISA is a regional body and we concentrate more on election monitoring. Gender equality at EISA is becoming a norm in all the programmes and this is a good initiative for the organization, as we will try to include it in all our regional programmes we are trying to monitor the elections with a gender lens. The aim is to look at women as voters, candidates, observe elections and monitor voter education. We have recently published a gender checklist for elections that we give to all the political parties and observers in the Southern African region. The booklet covers, voter education, security arrangements for women in campaigns, special votes, location of voting stations and looks at gender equality in elections. This booklet is adaptable for any country that is having elections this year. EISA also looks post the election to assess how free and fair the election was and to look at whether the election had a gender perspective. This review is to improve on strategies that are used to monitor the election processes.
Launch of Ringing Up the Changes
At lunchtime, the Gender Links publication, Ringing Up the Changes: Gender in Southern African Politics was launched to mark International Women’s Day. The keynote speaker of the launch was Pregs Govender. She spoke about the necessity of such a study being undertaken and the need for women to address social issues that affect women in the streets. She emphasized the maintenance and strengthening of relationships with the women’s movement outside of parliament.
Role of the Media
Lizette Rabe Lecturer, University of Stellenbosch
Why do elections matter to women? Because one person cannot make a difference and the men cannot represent women’s issues as passionately as women do. The media on the other hand tends to be bias and focus on male politicians and often subject women to unfair portrayal. The media needs to put all candidates in the spotlight not just the few. They need to make women feel inspired and avoid typical stereotypes. Media has
24 the responsibility to educate in a responsive manner and be involved in agenda setting. Especially for gender equality in the upcoming elections, where there should be a critical analysis of the events.
Zelda Jongbloed Depu t y Editor of Die Burger
AtDie Burger, there is a focus on wom en’s issues but media portrayal can create enmity. We have developed a gender policy but it is n ot sensitive enough. Male report e rs are not sensitive to gender in the stories that they report on. There is no implementation on the policy. Rapport on the other hand has no gender policy and has not taken any gender parity issue s on board. Most of senior management and editors aresti l l men. As women editors and deputy editors we need to rally aro und each other and give each other support when tensions arise in newsrooms or in newspapers.
Patricia Handley Media trainer at Pentech
All eyes will be on the media in the forthcoming elections to see just how much attent io n they devote to women.
Thes ta tistics suggest that the media worldwide and in South Africa devo te less than 20% of their content to women. Research conducted for the Commission on Gender Equali t y on the 1999 national elections shows that wome n constituted only eight percent of sources quoted in election coverage. Meanwhile women in politics and gender issues are neglected. The media focus on a small group of women with social or political power.
What is required is a more vigorous definition of politics. Reporting around women should be politicised, in a way that does not separate politicians into male and female, or place women’s news and men’s news in different categories of the media. A politics is required which restores the advancement of women and gender issues to the topics on the political pages. More women's perspectives and other diverse viewpoints should feature on the opinion pages.
The more vibrant journalism produced would benefit both society and the circulation and audience figures of media houses alike. The remaining question is how the media will accommodate the majority of women, including poor, rural, working class and elderly women, who do not have a say. How to represent the diversity of women is surely a question on which woman politicians could productively engage the media.
Ubenesia Adams Lecturer at University of Stellenbosch
The media has a responsibility to reflect what 10 years of democracy has meant for women and men in South Africa and the run-up to the elections provides an opportunity to reflect on the challenges facing South Africa. One such challenge is gender inequality,
25 which partly manifests as disproportionate representation in legislatures and impacts on women's ability to participate in political processes. In order to fulfil the aforementioned responsibility, media institutions should: x Create spaces for public debate on; x Women’s involvement (or lack thereof) in politics; x Images of women's role in politics; x Gender parity in national and provincial legislatures; x Gender equality promotion within political parties; x Ensure that discussants, on programmes focusing on the elections, are representative of gender; x Conduct a gender analysis on political party election manifestos
The following media strategy was developed by all the participants of the workshop as a way forward of the Gender, Media and Elections seminar.
x Identify experts on Gender and Elections and make this available to media houses, x GAPto publicise their Report on media coverage, x Continue with newsroom training and provide ongoing monitoring, x The 50/50 partners must drive the process for these 2004 elections, x Identify sympathetic journalists who will report from a gender angle, x Distribution of material on gender and elections, x Use this 2004 election as a lesson for the 2005 local government elections.
A press release went out to the various media on the outcome of the seminar and on the way forward.
26 Annex B: Programme
Gender, Media and Elections Seminar
8:45-9:00 Registration
Overview: Why is gender an issue in the 2004 Elections 9:00-9:30 Opening Address: Gertrude Fester of CGE
The Fifty Fifty Campaign 9:30-10:30 Panel on Quotas Chaired by Dr. Sheila Meintjes Sheila Camerer, Democratic Alliance Suzanne Vos, Inkatha Freedom Party Anna Van Wyk, New National Party
10:30-11:00 TEA
Gender as an issue in the campaign and conduct of the elections 11:00-12:30 Panel on Gender Dimensions of Elections Commissioner Thoko Mpumlwana, IEC Dr. Kazadi Kadima, EISA
Gender and governance: The Impact of Women in Politics 12:30-14:00 Launch of Ringing Up the Changes: Gender in Southern African Politics Keynote speaker: Pregs Govender
The Role of the Media 14:00-15:00 Lizette Rabe, University of Stellenbosch Zelda Jongbloed, Deputy Editor of Die Burger Patricia Handley, Media Trainer Ubenesia Adams, University of Stellenbosch GAP Gender Links
15:00-15:15 TEA
15:15-16:00 Group work and discussion
16:00-16:30 Wrap Up and Way Forward
27 28 AnnexC: Participant s
Name Organisation Gender Telephone/Fax Email Marjorie Billings WECCOW Female 072 522 5546 Fax (021) 392 5020 Denise DamonWomen on Farm s Female Tel. (021) 887 2960 [email protected] Project Fax (021) 887 2963 Patricia HandleyIndependent traine r Female 082 202 0707 [email protected] Thoko Mpumlwana IEC Female Tel. (012) 428 5700 [email protected] Fax (012) 428 5507 Thelma Apocus J & P Women’s Desk Female Tel. (021) 392 4347 Valerie Downing J & P Female Tel. (021) 391 0747 Anneliek Gerritsen Bush Radio Female 072 742 4700 [email protected] Charmaine GovenderMabuphele Cam paign Female Tel. (021) 633 5287 [email protected] Partnership Fax (021) 637 0785 Sheila CamererDemocratic Alliance Female 083 266 9493 [email protected] Fax (021) 403 8624 Hope Msumza Delta Training Female Tel. (021) 448 8411 [email protected] Fax (021) 448 8419 Lisa McBride USAA Female Tel. (021) 593 9534 [email protected] Fax (021) 572 8662 Magrieta Ruiters USAA Female Tel. (021) 572 8662 [email protected] Fax (021) 572 8662 Suzanne Vos IFP Female 083 303 0451 Svos @iafrica.com Fax (021) 686 3012 Sheila Meintjes CGE Female 082 829 9208 [email protected] Fax (021) 403 7188 Meaka Biggs Nadel Human Rights Female Tel. (021) 447 0990 [email protected] Fax (021) 447 0995 Georgina Mbambo Quaker Peace Centre Female Tel. (021) 685 7800 [email protected] Fax (021) 686 8167
29 Name Organisation Gender Telephone/Fax Email Daaennis K dim EISA Male Tel. (01 1)44825 95 [email protected] Fax (011)4826 163 Lttydia Po s Universi ty of Femal e lydiapotts@uni-olden b urg.de Oldenburg-Germany Anna Van Wyk NNP Female 083 412 752 9 annavanwyk@parliam ent. gov. za Fax (021)68 5 10 86 Mandisa Jonas City of Cape Town Fem al e 083 596 470 0 Mandisa.jonas@capet own .gov .za Fax (021)38 7 45 22 Nomond e Tsh ik ela IDASA Fem al e Tel. (02 1)46 7 5635 [email protected] .za Fax (021)46 1 5615 Lametitia M phu ulo IFP Fem al e 072 143 3949 Fax (021)42 4 43 59 Ubenesia AdamsDept.of Political Female 084 307 175 4 [email protected] Studies – University of Fax (021)80 8 2110 Stellenbosch
30 Annex D: Onsite Training Reports
9 March Onsite Training at K-fm
Gender Links together with SAMSO engaged journalists at the places of work. The session on Gender, Elections and Media took place over lunchtime at K-fm studios. Gender Links presented their finding on women in politics in South Africa and the way they had been covered by the media. The GL presentation gave an overview of the researchwith statistics on the gl obal, co ntinental and regional represen tation on women in politics. Theprese ntation a lso focus ed on the imp act tha t women had in poli tics. Raashied Galant gaveb rief on th e50/50 campaign and itsobje ctives and partners. Trevor Davies gave tip s on imag es that we see on news papers and the kind of nega tive stereotypes that they create, for exam ple the way the He alth Minister, Dr. Ma nto Tshabalala-Msimang ha s been portrayed by the media.
10 March Onsite trainingat Un iversity of Stell enbosch
This training was givento po stgraduate students in the Media Studies Department. T he aim was to assist them in fusin g gende r into their stud ies and also to give them id eas for their department election newspaper. A list of partic ipants can be found on Annexure E and evaluations o n Annexure F. The s essionstarted with a warm up exercise where he gavethefoll owing scenario; “The l ocal council announces that th e main road of Stellenbosch is go ing to b e closed throug h the l ocal newspaper.” As the editor of this newspap er, I am sending you to do voxp ops on the closure of this ro ad. What kinds of questions are you going t o ask and what image s are going to accomp any your stories when you do the write up?
Students camewitha variety ofrespo nses and they saidt hey would interview the drivers, businesses on that mainroad, c ontractors who are wo rking on the road, school children who might be affected by this proposed closure and more importantly the informal tradersthat w ork in that road. The images tha t would accompany the voxp ops would either thoseoft he affect ed people or of the road closure and construction around it. One student said she would have a picture story of the informal traders and how they would be affected the most as they made their living in that street.
Another exercise was given to the students; it was voxpops from the 2001 budget. The task of the exercise was to look at how many people were interviewed pre and post the budget announcement, look a race, class and gender. Making Every Voice count video, which was a result of the Gender and Media Baseline Study findings was screened. Thereafter, there was a Gender and Elections presentation on Gender and Elections. The students brainstormed on story ideas for their own university election newspaper.
Onsite Training at Die Burger
The Gender and Elections presentation was given to senior journalists of Die Burger newspaper. The following are questions that were asked by male journalists:
31 Why do women want to go into politics? Why should we as society care about women’s participation and why is it important? One male journalist said, “women should be taking care of their children and homes and not go into a man’s domain.” Ther e was a discu s sion on why w a s it nec e ssary to be discussing the reasons for women participating in politics as they constituted more t han half of the country’s population and such q uestions were not ask ed about men.
Annex E: Participants List
Name Gender Cellphone Email Benescka Botha Female 073 228 8144 Benesc [email protected] Karen Breytenbach Female 082 396 8683 [email protected] Nerisa Coetzee Female 082 717 1844 [email protected] Florence De Vries Female 082 835 5841 [email protected] Izak De Wet Male 083 538 2865 [email protected] Amelda Gerber Female 083 281 8054 [email protected] Wendy Hall Female 083 949 6713 [email protected] Geran Kuschke Male 072 233 6273 [email protected] Roscoe Liedeman Male 082 492 0353 [email protected] Manelisis Luxande Male 073 395 7903 [email protected] Jana Marais Female 073 200 3610 [email protected] Jill Marshall Female 072 531 3614 [email protected] Mbulelo Mvana Male 073 147 6925 [email protected] Alicestine October Female 083 665 4345 [email protected] Meagan Rees Female 082 862 9716 [email protected] Charlene Rolls Female 082 513 0370 [email protected] Phillistus Seabi Female 084 841 1616 [email protected] Suzan Taunyane Female 082 646 8663 [email protected] Cara T h eart Female 073 147 969 4 [email protected] Marzanne Van Den Female 082 404 9515 [email protected] Bger Pieter Vermaak Male 083 503 3913 [email protected] Dalani Webb Female 082 374 6233 [email protected]
32 Annex F: Evaluation 10 Evaluations were received
EXCELLENT GOOD FAIR POOR VERY POOR 1. PROGRAMME DESIGN 9 1 2. PROGRAMME CONTENT 4 6 3. FACILITATION 6 4 4. GROUP WORK 2 5 3 5. DOCUMENTATION 2 8 6. LEARNING OPPORTUNITY 5 5 7.NETWORKING 4 6 OPPORTUNITY 8.ADMINSTRATIVE 7 3 ARRANGEMENTS
COMMENTS
1. Which session did you find most useful? Why? 5= Gender representation in the media 3= Photojournalism 2= Gender and election
2. Which session did you find least useful? Why? x None
3. What skills did you learn? x Gathering of balanced sources x Briefings should be done with photographers x Understanding the role that gender plays in media representation
4. Suggestions for making workshops of this nature more effective in future. x More time to be allocated for questions x More content on Photojournalism x A section on the lack of women in top management in media
33 KZN
Gender, Election and Media Training 16-19 March 2004 Durban, KwaZulu Natal
DAY ONE
The aim of this one-day workshop was to help journalists report on the elections from a human and gender perspective. The first of these started was hosted by the Durban Institute of Technology on the 16 March; a list of participants is on Annexure G, the programme is on Annexure H and the evaluation of the workshop is on Annexure I. In South Africa women constitute 30 percent of MPs yet in the Gender and Media Baseline Study, they accounted for 8 percent of sources in news.
Welcome and background of SANEF Judy Sandison
It was established to formulate strategies for the future and also for the women in the media. The objectives of the organization were to be a catalyst for change and to monitor policies of the media. SANEF looks at gender and diversity in the media but the strugg l e when it was formed was to convince editors about transformation. Since the change, we have had gender workshops in the provinces abo ut the finding of a study condu c ted by Gender Links called the Gender and Media Baseline Study. We want media to be reflective of society as men currently are the ones who are portrayed in the media.As med ia we need to have an updated database on women experts in all fields and also look at children’s voices and that of the elderly.
Gender and the Media
Exper i ences with the Media CllrL y nne
I have six years experience with politics but from a provincial level. I am a municipal councillor for the Democratic Alliance. I have never been part of any gender- mainstreaming project. I am an advocate by profession and my media interaction with the media has been fairly positive. At the opening of council, I wore a red mini skirt and I remember the newspaper commenting on my dress and not on the debate or the speech that I had made. This article had not been written by a male journalist but by a woman journalist. At times, women often report insensitively on other women. My party decided that I should stand for Mayor; one newspaper made the following comment, “Mayoral candidate is a Westville Mom”. If it had been a man, the caption of the story would have been different and there would be no reference about fatherhood. The media would never refer to men as fathers or husbands. Media needs to engage with women, as they never come for comments on pertinent issues; they would rather go to the men politicians. Women politicians’ voices are not heard.
34 Questions: What is being done to affirm women and how are men reacting to this? How are relations within the Council?
Response: The D.A. is not doing much to improve women’s representation, as it does not have specific interventions like the quota for the ANC. There are however a lot of imbalances but women manage perfectly with their traditional roles. At times you find that there are strong women at the top of the party structure but because they are in the minority, they keep quiet about issues that affect women. About relations in Council, gender at present is not an issue because there is a system of party partisan. There is a call for women’s caucus across party lines but the ratios are not right.
Covering Gender Mary P apayya
Who are the players? Media, civil society and politicians. Women make up the media, civil society and the politica l framework. Women make up 52 % of the population and they are the largest consumers of media products.
Obstacles x Deadlines forces the use of the known, x Conflict in newsrooms about how we perceive women, x Societal influences and the male bias affects election coverage, x There is a lack of understanding about the need for gender mainstreaming in the media, x Gender stories and stories on women are perceived as “soft stories”, Challenges x Get in touch with women experts in the various fields. x There is an issue of equity vs. commercial imperatives. x Overcoming gender stereotypes. x Overcoming gender stereotypes inside and outside the media.
Terminology that can be used: Gender = equity Equity = fair and balance Fair and balance = diversity and representativity
Way Forward
x Work with IEC, church, NGOs and CBOs x Make contact with women x Find out what the pressing and most urgent issues are for women in the elections
35 Gend e r and Images Trevo r Davies (SAMSO)
Advert i sing plays an important role in our lives as it affects th e manner in which we respond to products. Trevor spoke about the back page of certain newspapers that have models and the kind of image they give society. He noted that first the back page was not representative of society and it had negative connotations on women. He gave a brief on what photojournalism was and its impor tance in newsrooms. He spoke about the symbolism of photos and the long lasting effect it has on people’s minds. For example, the picture of Nelson Mandela walking out of prison with his fist up in the air with Winnie Mandela. He asked the participants on strategies for changing the images that are currently seen in the media.
Strategies for Change x Journalists and their sub-editors need to conduct proper research for their stories, x Photographers need to be briefed while the journalists are briefed on their stories for the day, x Journalists need to be educated on human rights and gender.
Gender, Elections and Media Colleen Lowe Morna
A presentation based on findings of Ringing Up the Changes: Gender in Southern African Politics was made. It looked at why women are crucial to decision-making and the kind of difference they bring to politics. Participants made the following comments: x Women challenge the stereotypes, e.g. the Minister of Minerals and Energy and the Minister of Agriculture, x They bring a different perspective to politics, x They are implementers and are thorough, x Their actual presence brings diversity and reduces the levels of corruption. On the question about whether or not women MPs should represent other women, participants agreed that they should because they are there because they were assisted by the women’s movement and NGOs. Having women in parliament has been instrumental in getting the following Acts passed; Domestic Violence Act, Maintenance Act, Customary Marriages and Succession Act. Loretta who is an IFP councillor added that women have to be extra good when in such positions because they don’t want to let other women down. On the quota issue, she mentioned that the IFP has 30 % of women in parliament without having used a quota. She said at times quotas have an innate possibility of “just filling in spaces”. This can be disastrous for women’s empowerment.
Story Ideas from the Participants
x Track someone who has come through local government and is either in parliament or in provincial government. x Why doesn’t S.A. have a legislated quota?
36 x Is illiteracy an impediment to women taking part in politics? x Step by step guide on how women could access the media. x Why have people not registered to vote? x What do elections mean for women? x Profiling women MPs not Ministers and Deputy Ministers x Who will be the first woman President?
DAY TWO
Independent Electoral Commission Workshop
Objec t ive
In 2003, Gender Links undertook the first ever study on the impact of politics in the Southern African called Ringing Up the Changes: Gender in Southern African Politics. The study showed that women make a marked difference to policy and lawmaking where they are represented in sufficient numbers, work in enabling environment and are empowered to operate effectively. The study high lighted understanding and being able to wor k with the media as a key tool for women p oliticians to leverage themselves more effecti v ely. The list of participants is on Annexure J , programme on Annexure K and evaluation of the workshop on Annexure L. This wo rkshop was aimed at empowering serving and aspiring women in politics and to develop their communication skills. The workshop was sponsored by the Independent Electoral Commission.
Opening Address Judy Sandison, SANEF and Colleen Lowe Morna, Gender Links
Judy Sandison welcomed all participants and spoke about the objectives of SANEF and whytheyaretakingpartinthese workshops. Colleen Lowe Morna also indicated about theimportance of partnering with the IEC, who have regular contact with political parties, especially women. She spoke ab out the objectives of the workshop, which are highlig h ted above.
IEC and Gender mainstreaming Ntombifuthi Masinga
Election readiness
There are 3616 voting stations in total, 3354 are permanent, 119 are mobiles and 143 are temporary. The IEC has created 97752 positions across the KwaZulu Natal province, 89512 (91,5%)have been recruited so fa r and there is an 8240 still outstanding. We have a specific focus on women, youth, farming communities and traditional leaders. 60% of the 3.8 million voters in the KZN province are women.
Recruitment fr ame work x Only re g istered voters who are eighteen years an d above x Within the various districts
37 x 40/60 split x Recruitment of people holding political office is prohibited Training x Staff training (UNISA ABET) x Party agents and security forces at municipal level Voter education/Stakeholder engagement x Party Liaison committees x Specific sectors targeted (youth, farm workers and women) x Briefings (farm owners, traditional leaders, business, religious leaders) Publicity x Promotion of the Electoral codes of conduct x Provincial function x Municipal level prayer meeting
Special Votes
Voters who cannot vote in their various districts due to certain valid reasons qualify for special votes and these” x Physical infirmity, disability and pregnancy x Absence on government service (abroad) x Election officials and performing election duty x Any South African who are temporarily abroad The above-mentioned categories need to fill in a VEC1 form and write a letter that must be submitted to thee MEO office. The deadline for this is the 8 April 2004. Special voting will take place on the 12 and 13 April 2004.
Appeal to Parties
1. Significance of Party agents training x Objections management x Special votes administration x Section 24A cases administration x Acceptable proof of registration x On the spot objections 2. Caliber of party agents should be of a high standard 3. Promotion of a peaceful election 4. Accepting the results of the election
Election Timetable
25 January Last day for voter registration 11 February Close of Voters Roll 20 February Certification of Voters Roll 26 February Deadline for overseas voters’ applications 27 March Party list submissions and deposit payments 29 March Final lists of candidates 5 April Issuing of candidates certificates 7 April Overseas voting
38 8 April Deadline forspecial votes applications 12 & 13 April Special voting 14 April Election Day
Women’s Role in Politics
The Electoral Act makes provisions for women’s participation as candidates. As the IEC, we encourage women’s representation in party lists and women taking center stage in political platforms. We encourage them to take part in election monitoring. The IEC endeavours to pursue a gender equity agenda in the different sectors of elections. We promote strengthening of Constitutional democracy.
Questions: Why does the IEC employ teachers as voting staff when there are so many unemployed people? Response: Most of the voting stations are schools therefore teachers have a certain skill that other people do not have. They have e asy access to the premises; they are responsible and have manag erial skills.
Question: Why have you chosen UNISA to do your election training? Is there an emplo y ment policy that promotes development of women? Response:UNISA has been chosen because of their accreditation and they have a presence in every municipality. Their tra iners come from previously disadvantaged backgrounds and from the adult educati on department. In their tender application they were cheaper than other organizations and institutions who had tendered to conduct the training. As for the employment policy, we use the government employment policies since we are a government-funded organization.
Question: Have you made arrangements for nurses who will be working on the Election Day? Response: All those who will be working on the Election Day are required to fill in a Section 24A in the nearest voting station.
Question: What interventional mechanisms are going to be taken if a political party does not have women? Response: The IEC has no legislation in place to intervene if a party has no women on its lists; we only reject a party if its constitution contradicts the South African Constitution.
Tips for getting media coverag e
Debb i e Reynolds – Managing Editor of Satu rday Independent
What the media needs more than anything is contact. This i s very important as people change jobs, change their contact information and when we need them for comment, they are unreachable. As women politicians you need to build a relationship with us. Make use of opinion pages and write letters to the editor on controversial issues. Make sure you always leave your business cards with journalists and editors.
39 Cyril Madlala – Editor of UmAfrika
Newsrooms are white male dominated. They are profit driven and not concerned about women’s issues. Very often the media will need women for comment and they will struggle to find women who can give good comment on various issues hence there is a tendency to always go to the same women for comments. Women never avail themselves to us. At present in KwaZulu Natal, there is no spokesperson for a political party who is a woman. This is something that the women need to take up as an issue. They need to challenge their parties and use the media to get this message across.
Judy Sandison
She spoke about the aims and objectives of SANEF and why it was formed. The following are their objectives: x To be a resource and a catalyst for change x To reflect concerns of society x To ensure representativity of Black people x To focus on gender x Create a database of women experts and make it available to newsrooms x Aim is to engender the media x Encouraging the media to target women because they are the largest consumers of news x Give advise on the use of language x Give advise on stereotyping
Question: Are editors aware of the resolutions taken by the Beijing Conference and Cedaw? Response: The media is aware of this but they do not know the clause of these conventions hence women need to come to us and educate us. We are wary of good documents that are not being implemented. Women need to encourage their respective political parties to sit down with the Office on the Status of Women and summarise these conventions into ten pages of reader friendly booklets.
Question: Is the media aware of the perception that they have created on women? Response: We try to be as objective as possible but when you talk gender to male editors, immediately one is faced with resistance. That is why women need to avail themselves as opinion writers and make use of letters to the editors.
Tips from Editors x Write letters to the editor x Write short opinion pieces x Make contact with editors and reporters x Give your contact information x Avail yourselves to reporters as sources of comment
40 Mock interviews with women politicians Trevor Davies
Trevor began the session by asking participants to volunteer to be interviewed by Judy Sandison about their respective political parties. The aim of this exercise was to help thew o men MPs on interview techniques and the manner in which they respondto questions. Students from the Durban Institute of Technology assisted in filming the mock interviews.
Comments from the audience
All threewomenk new their political parties’ mandate and election manifesto. However, Mrs. X u lu kept closing her eyes, which looked as if she was falling asleep. They could have used Zulu to express themselves better.
Gender, Media and Elections Colleen Lowe Morna
Colleen Lowe Morna presented findings from the recently published study “Ringing Up the Changes: Gender in Southern African Politics”. The presentation looked at the percentage of women in parliament in South Africa, the global and regional position of South African women in politics. It looked at the changes they have brought to politics and the change in attitudes of men as a result of women’s presence. It looked at institutional transformation. Women politicians argued that women’s contribution to politics has brought balance to the country though it needs to be 50/50. They are fighting patriarchal attitudes in political structures, legislation that they have pushed e.g. Choice of Termination of Pregnancy Act, Sexual Offences Act and Maintenance Act. Women bring different issues and perspectives to decision-making and they are more sensitive.
Writing of Opinion pieces
Participants were asked to group themselves into various political parties and brainstorm about what they could write opinion pieces on during the elections and afterwards. They were given a package of information that contained examples of ordinary women and women politicians who had written opinion pieces on a variety of issues. Participants thanked the IEC and Gender Links for an informative workshop but wanted the workshop to be spread over two day in future so that there will be no rush on certain issues which they felt were important.
DAY THREE
Onsite training at the South African Broadcasting Corporation
The aim of the onsite training is to equip journalists with ideas on gender and elections and to give them story ideas on how to report on the gender dimensions of the elections. Making Every Voice Count was launched at this training to highlight the role
41 of media and the gaps in reporting on gender. A list of participants is on Annexure M, the programme is on Annexure N and the evaluations on Annexure O.
Comments on the Making Every Voice Count
x The video is a true reflection of how the media works and how they report. x The portrayal of women is an area that needs to be dealt with and this will require training of not just the journalists but the senior management as well. x SANEF needs to get on board in holding all media accountable for the kind of images and stories that they produce. x The video needs to be shown in all newsrooms and also to be aired on national television. x The management of all newsrooms needs to promote gender in their papers.
Gender, Media and Elections Presentation
Colleen Lowe Morna gave a presentation on the recently published book, “Ringing Up the Changes: Gender in Southern African Politics”. The presentation looked at the finding of the research and how women have made a difference in politics. It looked at gender related legislation that was passed since women entered politics and the kind of difference that they have brought to parliament in terms of dress, behaviour and attitudes. The presentation also looked at how media has portrayed women politicians. It also looked at the positioning of South African women politicians in the globe and in theregion.
Panel on women politicians on gender issues in the elections and their experiences with the media
An SABC radio reporter who was going to air the interviews on current affairs in the Afrikaans, English and Zulu radio stations interviewed three women politicians. The interviews were conducted in Afrikaans, English and Zulu. The three women politicians were Esther Bawden of the NNP, Maria Xulu of the IFP and Nolundi Mosina of SOPA. This exercise was meant to give these women exposure to the world of media and also it was to introduce them to the journalists who were attending the workshop. The ultimate aim for this was for them to be contact persons for the media and also to forge a relationship with them.
Experience with the media Hon. Nomusa Dube Speaker of eThekwini Municipality
The women politicians share a common cause as any other male politician. I’m glad that this workshop is taking place as it will conscientise the media on the role that women play in politics. We do need women journalists in the higher positions need to come out in support of the gender agenda. If these women ensure coverage of other women, they will be adding value to the way media covers women and they also will be looking for fresh views. Women politicians are not getting a fair share of media
42 coverage and if they do get it, it is because they were fighting or one has been fired from her job or as a wife or mother. The media tends to focus on the negative and not the positive. When women do things, it is because it is inborn thing not because they want to be seen. Women in politics need to assist and support each other both in the media portrayal and in politics.
The way the media covers the Municipal Speaker and the Mayor is very different, very often women’s work in the Council does not receive the same coverage. There is a tendency to cover women as family oriented and “soft”, this reinforces the stereotypes. Obstacles to women are the negative coverage they receive and their marital status, for example, single or divorced women doesn’t receive the same respect, as a married woman would get. This needs women in media to educate women politicians on how to access the media, how to write a press statement, how to write an opinion piece and how to manage bad coverage. Here in the KZN, women in powerful positions is decreasing every year especially in the media, as wom en, we need to lay a foundation for the next generation. The negative portrayal of women politicians does not nurture younggirls who are aspiring to be politicians. “Women politicians are becoming an endangered species.” As Speaker of eThekwini municipality, I tried to establish an all party Women’s Caucus but there was resistance. I had tried to set this so that women could come to a forum to discuss their concerns and problems within the council. The aim was to create a support system for them. Women need to do something to promote each other and they need to contribute to the empowerment of communities. On the other hand, media needs to alert women politicians on ways of doing things.
Way Forward
Colleen Lowe Morna spoke about the Gender Links website which was going to be having a new section on the organisation’s website dedicated to Gender and Elections. Press releases were going to be sent to all participants of workshops conducted, especially to the media. The website has gender and elections experts, gender justice experts and experts on the 50/50 campaign.
Zakes Dube thanked Gender Links for bringing the workshop to the SABC. As part of the way forward, Making Every Voice Count video will be shown to the SABC staff. As there g ional manager, he will make it his responsibility to ensure that the SABC in Durban reports in a gender sensitive manner for these elections. “Gender is at the center of management and this workshop has been an empowering exercise.”
DAY FOUR
Onsit e training at the Rhodes University 19 March
Welcome Lynnette Steenveld
Lynette Steeveld welcomed all the senior journalism students and highlighted the objectives of the workshop. She mentioned that this programme undertaken by Gender
43 Links and SAMSO was important to journalists in training as it will equip them with the information on gender and more importantly on how they could engender their articles once they start working. The participant list is on Annexure P and the evaluation on Annexure Q.
Budget Exercise Colleen Lowe Morna
Participants were given a newspaper article with people from different background and races commenting on the budget pre and post. They were asked to look at the gender, racial, occupational and age desegregation before the budget was announced and after the budget had been announced. Participants came up with a variety of answers about why women were not included after the budget had been announced and these included thefollowing: x Most women are not interested in the budget. x Women have been socialized to think that their view is not important or to occupy public spaces. x Since women have so many responsibilities, they probably did not have the time to comment after the budget had been announced therefore the journalist doing the story went to those he could access easily. Participants argued that there was not problem with the first set of people who were interviews as they were more a less reflective of South African society but with the second interviews, there was only one woman who was interviewed. They argued that there is no bigger conflict with gender as was with race hence there was no political willingness to address it in the media.
Screening of “Making Every Voice Count” This video was based on the findings of the Gender and Media Baseline Study and the country workshops that took place in 2003. The following are comments made: x The video needs to be screened in all newsrooms of the SADC region, x There should be a correlation between a country’s gender policy and that of media houses. x Timeframes should be set up to ensure that implementation does indeed take place because editors make promises which they have no intention of keeping, x SABC needs to encourage women to cover stories on economics and war and men to cover the “soft” beats. x Mondli Makhaya has been depicted as agitated which is problematic because the producer made him so to suit his/her needs of the video. x SANEF needs to be more proactive and if necessary be involved in drafting of gender policies of newsrooms x Encourage promotion of women into senior positions.
Panel on Strip the Backpage All the panellists were Masters students who had followed the Strip the Backpage campaign initiated by Gender Links in Febr uary and March.
44 Biobele Da-Wariboko
Impact of media on the audience is great that at times one never has the time to reflect and question the media’s intentions. Media gets feedbac k through their opinion pages and le t ters to the editor but how many people use this space. Very few people actually use this space. Media is a microcosm of society and it is society that tells the media about what is happening. Media is not an island and should be held accountable for any bad reporting. The back page is nothing else but gossip and half naked women. What is the message about this, how many women read the back page? None and these back page women are not reflecting women but a small sector.
Jacqueline Kabeta
Media is fooling society into selling women. It often portrays women as objects or as commodities. What is happening to us is that we are being brainwashed into wanting more and more of distasteful coverage. Media owners are the ones who are benefiting because they are selling more papers and not the community. We need to look at this upcoming election and see how newspapers are going to cover it. Will there be coverage of gender issues within the election campaign of the political parties. Why don’t w e see other images that are competing for the back page, medi a needs to add other types of women. They should be creative in their cov erage and representation. Newspapers need to review their ethics wh en it comes to the back page and they have a social responsibility.
Jealo u sy Mawarire
The b a ck page is titillating and the women on it are beautiful. I feel that they are representative of beautiful women who should not be made to feel guilty of their looks. We often talk about human rights but when it comes to the back page, why is this concept not applicable because these women are exercising their individual right to be presented in this manner. Some feminists may feel that these women have let them down but it is these women’s right to celebrate their looks and make money out of it. The fight to “Strip the Backpage” is infringing on these women’s personal rights, however they should be looking at the stories that are on the back page. They should be advocating for the back page to have men in swimwear so that there is some balance.
Comments from other students
x The back page is boring and not interesting therefore we cannot strip it but we, as consumers need to challenge it. x Media is a profit making entity that has no concerns about morality but they are interested in the sales they make. x The back page stereotypes women and can contribute to the high level of sexual violence that South Africa has seen.
45 x Media needs to give us alternative images of women as lawmakers, economists and engineers. x Med iahas p layed a destructive rolein sha ping our minds and views of women and of life generally. There needsto be a shift in paradigms where we can access a wider market that is reflectiveof s ociety. x Society ha s lost its sacredness of thebod y but media advertises and does not ftoburoductsorceone yits p .
Gender,Media andElecti ons Colleen LoweM orna
Ms. LoweMorna gaveapres e ntat iono n w omenin politics, which was based on Ringing Up the Changes: Gender in Southern African Politics. The presentation looked at the qualitative difference women bring to decision-making and how media has covered women Ministers. She also shared various articles of good coverage of women politicians. Participants were then asked to separate into groups and to come up with story ideas for the 2004 election.
StoryIdeas
x People who ha ve to w o rk o n electio n day, e .g. domestic workers x What do political parties say about domestic violence? x What about the women prisoners? x Wheredowomensit in party structures? x A storyonth e politica lpar tie s led by women, the I.D and the KISS Party x Analysis ofpartylists x Is30%enough? x Voxpops of quotas
46 Annex G: List of participants from the Durban Institute of Technol ogy
Name Organisation Tel./Fax / Ce ll pho ne Gender Email Farrah Shaik DIT082 8 42 37 21 Fe m ale farra hs haik @ hot m ail.com Katrine Anker-Nilssen DIT online072 4 32 24 02 Fe m ale katrine@telkmsa . net Maya Jagjivan SABC Radio Tel. (031)362 5226 Female [email protected] Fax (031)362 5241 072 147 5340 Samantha Moodley DIT073 2 48 64 64 Fe m ale [email protected] y20 hoo om Cyril Nene Durban Youth Radio Fax (031 )202 1020 Male c.comyrilnene@yahoo 083 42434 35 Thabisile Ngcobo Durban Youth Radio Fax (031 )202 1020 Female 082 27626 72 Karishma Gandam DITTel. ( 031 ) 205 0 144 Fe male [email protected] Robin Sewlal DITFax (031 ) 203 6623 Male robin@dit. ac .za 083 787 3043 Bianca Bothma DIT082 2 95 9516 Fe male [email protected] Pearl Nocuze DIT083 569 386 6Fe male zowien ocu [email protected]
47 Annex H : Programme
Gender, Media and Elections Media workshop 16 March 2004
8:30-9:00 Registration
9:00-9:30 Welcome: SANE F Backgroun d to c o mmitm ents on gender & media Judy Sandison
9:30-10:30 Panel: Women politicians on gender issues in the election and experience with the media Mediaand Electi ons – an over vie w: Ge n der Links Setting the Gender Agenda for Elections: Mary Papayya
10:30-11:00 TEA
11:00-1 2:00 Gender and m edia key issues: “Making Every Voice Count” video & discussion
12:00-13:00 Gender & Images exercise: SAMSO
13:00-14:00 LUNCH
14:00-14:30 Gender, Elections & Media: Gender Links
14:30-1 5:30 Group Work – Story ideas
15: 30-16:00 Wrap up
48 Annex I: Evaluation 8 evaluation forms were received.
EXCELLENT GOOD FAIR POOR VERY POOR 1. PROGRAMME DESIGN 5 3 2. PROGRAMME CONTENT 7 1 3. FACILITATION 7 1 4. GROUP WORK 3 3 2 5. DOCUMENTATION 7 1 6. LEARNING OPPORTUNITY 5 3 7.NETWORKING 2 3 3 OPPORTUNITY 8.ADMINSTRATIVE 6 2 ARRANGEMENTS
COMMENTS
1. Which session did you find most useful? Why x 2= All sessions were useful x 2= Gender and Images because it made me realize the imbalances that exist in the media x 3=Gender, Elections and Media because it was very informative and it showed the relevance of women in decision-making x 1=Making Every voice Count video because it showed media in the various regions and how they are dealing with gender
2. Which session did you find least useful? Why? x None
3. Suggestions for future onsite training? x Make allowance for more group discussion as this is vital for feedback purposes x Make targeted invitations for men so that we get to hear their views x Invite women who are in parliament and media managers
4. Suggestions for making workshops of this nature more effective in the future x More time is needed x Invite journalists, politicians and editors so that sessions are interactive x Conduct workshops of this nature in tertiary institutions to target outgoing journalists
5. Any other comments x It was an excellent workshop x I learnt a lot of things that I did not notice about women in politics.
49 Annex J: Participants from the IEC workshop
Name Organisation Tel./ Fax & Cellphone Gender Email Logie Sansy Democratic Alliance Tel. (031) 702 0805 Female Fax (031) 702 0841 Nonhlanhla Mchunu Democratic Alliance 083 471 5372 Female [email protected] Rev. J. Cindi KZN MRM Tel. (031) 301 0864 Female [email protected] Fax (031) 304 8978 072 428 3770 Sindi Mbatha UMTAPO Centre Tel. (031) 772 1950 Female 072 243 3328 Mahendri Govender NNP Fax (031) 500 8424 Female 083 523 9747 Esther Bawden NNP Fax (031) 700 3610 Female 084 436 0527 Tina Sewell NNP Tel. (031) 468 4651 Female Irene Cele PAC 083 304 6364 Female Lorna McDonald NNP Tel. (031) 4686988 Female Thandi Mkhize SOPA Tel. (031) 468 3843 Female Fax (031) 305 8862 Fina Sibiya SOPA Fax (031) 305 8862 Female 072 741 2718 Namisile Kheswa ACDP 083 655 3285 Female Tilly Moodley ACDP Fax (033) 342 9813 Female 082 774 6173 Emelda Mzila ACDP Fax (033) 342 9813 Female 073 300 2579 Sylvia Zulu ACDP 082 323 8206 Female Maria Xulu IFP 083 659 5115 Female Nomusa Mnguni IFP 084 433 6782 Female
50 Name Organisation Tel./ Fax & Cellphone Gender Email Zanele Ludidi ANC Tel. (031) 704 7021 Female Fax (031) 704 5187 Weziwe Thusi ANC 083 208 4588 Female Zandile Gumede AZAPO 072 734 3068 Female Peggy Nkonyeni ANC Fax (039) 312 1663 Female [email protected] 083 955 3310 Fundiswa Njobe ANC 083 366 2143 Female Nana Mnandi ANC Fax (021) 403 2072 Female 073 141 3922 Vuyelwa ANC Tel. (039) 727 5130 Female Fax (031) 727 5130 083 757 8156 Sibongile Matebe AZAPO 072 488 4336 Female Bongi Khumalo PAC 083 713 7627 Male Lindeni Mhlongo PAC Tel. (031) 916 3125 Female Fax (031) 916 3125 084 285 6105 Thuli Mkhize PAC Fax (031) 909 0945 Female 073 288 6915 Maggie Johnson Democratic Alliance 082 339 2789 Female Nana Ntshangase IFP 084 415 4089 Female Nobuhle Mpanza IFP 073 227 5761 Female Nolundi Mosina SOPA Tel. (031) 577 1452 Female 084 460 7081 Daphney Muthwa SOPA Tel. (031) 577 3309 Female Gugu Majozi UDM Tel. (031) 307 4076 Female Lindiwe Thabethe AZAPO Tel. (031) 772 0006 Female 073 535 2871 Sindi ka Ngcobo AZAPO Fax (031) 579 4374 Female 083 7486548
51 Name Organisation Tel./ Fax & Cellphone Gender Email Cyril Madlala 083 287 8735 Female
52 Annexx K: Programme
Gender, Media and Elections – Women Politicians
8:30-9:00 Registration
9:00-9:15 Welcome and objectives: Gender Links and SANEF
9:15-9:30 Address by Nomusa Dube, Manager of Independent Electoral Commission in KwaZulu Natal
9:30-10:30 Panel of editors: Tips on getting media coverage Cyril Madlala, Judy Sandison and Debbie
10:30-11:00 TEA
11:00-13:00 Mock interviews using video camera and tape recorders
13:00-14:00 Ringing Up the Changes – Launch
14:00-16:00 Writing of opinion pieces: GEM Opinion & Commentary Service
16:00-16:30 Wrap up and way forward
53 Annex L: Evaluation 25 evaluation forms were received.
EXCELLENT GOOD FAIR POOR VERY POOR 1. PROGRAMME DESIGN 19 5 1 2. PROGRAMME CONTENT 15 9 1 3. FACILITATION 14 10 1 4. GROUP WORK 11 13 1 5. DOCUMENTATION 12 12 1 6. LEARNING OPPORTUNITY 13 12 7.NETWORKING 16 8 1 OPPORTUNITY 8.ADMINSTRATIVE 16 9 ARRANGEMENTS
COMMENTS
1. Which session did you find most useful? Why? x 13= Tips from the media session with the editors because it gave us some insight into how media operates x 5= Mock interviews, there is so much one needs to think of when doing television interviews x 6= Group work because this is where different political parties came together to share ideas and to discussion possible partnerships on gender issues. x 1= The IEC session for it provided a lot of information that I was not aware of about the election process.
2. Which session did you find least useful? Why? x None
3. Suggestions for future training x Invite party liaison officers and communication officers x Invite journalists to account for the way they cover women politicians x Conduct these workshops in other areas, for example, local municipalities x Such training should have follow up so that we as women politicians have a support system
4. Suggestions for making workshops of this nature more effective x Invite more male politicians because they need to be engendered x Provide a participants’ list after the workshop so that contact with people who participated is maintained. x One day was not enough for such a workshop, maybe a weekend would be better as a lot of us have work commitments during the week. x Invite MPs and Ministers to be keynote speakers and to participate in discussions x Other topics like budgeting, HIV/AIDS and legislation need to be included in such a course
54 5. Any other comments? x Enjoyed the workshop thoroughly x Women should demand political education so that they will be empowered and motivated to go into politics x Include women from rural areas as well or take it down to them x This kind of workshop needs to be done regularly especially since there will be local government elections in 2005
55 Annex M: Participants from the SABC Onsite training
Name Organisation Tel./ Fax & Cellphone Gender Email Nise Malange BAT Centre Trust Tel. (031) 332 0451 Female [email protected] Fax (031) 332 2213 072 262 1732 Annette Makhaya SABC Tel. (031) 362 5410 Female [email protected] Fax (031) 362 5222 082 414 5804 Raeesa Mohamed Lotus Fm Fax (031) 362 5202 Female [email protected] 083 277 3739 Krivani Pillay Newsbreak, SABC Fax (031) 362 5128 Female [email protected] newsbreak 083 783 0687 Sarie Terblanche SABC Tel. (031) 362 5201 Female Zakes Dube SABC Tel. (031) 362 5401 Male [email protected] Fax (031) 362 5100 Kogie Mudaly SABC Tel. (031) 362 5205 Female [email protected] Fax (031) 362 5146 083 740 9657 Sudhira Sensmler SABC Tel. (031) 362 5158 Female [email protected] Preethma Govender SABC: Media librarian Tel. (031) 362 5232 Female [email protected] Fax (031) 362 5202 082373 3223 Michelle Steyn SABC – News Tel. (031) 362 5441 Female [email protected] Fax (031) 362 5241 082 828 0817 Priscilla Dlamini SABC – Ukhozi Fm Tel. (031) 362 5452 Female Fax (031) 362 5203 083 731 1235 Dianne Kohler-Barnard SAFM 082 823 7047 Female [email protected] Khanya Ndlela SABC Tel. (031) 362 5401 Female [email protected]
56 Name Organisation Tel./ Fax & Cellphone Gender Email Fax (031) 362 5100 Phumeza Dlodlongwana Ukhozi Fm Tel. (031) 362 5175 Female Fax (031) 362 5203 083 949 3676 Miwo Maphalala Ukhozi Fm Tel. (031) 362 5153 Female [email protected] Fax (031) 362 5203 Lizzie Nxaba Ukhozi Fm Tel. (031) 362 5160 Female [email protected] Fax (031) 362 5455 Prosper Luthuli Ukhozi Fm Tel. (031) 362 5207 Male [email protected] Fax (031) 362 5203
57 Annex N: Programme
Gender, Media and Elections: SABC Onsite
8:30-9:00 Registration
9:00-9:30 Welcome & Background to commitments on gender and media SANEF Regional Convenor: Mary Papayya Corrective Action Chair: Judy Sandison
9:30-10:30 Gender and media key issues” “Making every voice count” video
10:30-11:00 TEA
11:00-12:00 Panel of women politicians on gender issues in the elections and their experiences with the media
12:00-13:00 Ringing Up the Changes Presentation: Gender Links
13:00-14:00 LUNCH
14:00-14:30 Story ideas
14:30-15:00 Wrap Up and closure
58 Annex O: Evaluation 11 evaluations were received.
EXCELLENT GOOD FAIR POOR VERY POOR 1. PROGRAMME DESIGN 6 5 2. PROGRAMME CONTENT 9 2 3. FACILITATION 8 2 1 4. GROUP WORK 6 4 1 5. DOCUMENTATION 9 2 6. LEARNING OPPORTUNITY 7 3 7.NETWORKING 542 OPPORTUNITY 8.ADMINSTRATIVE 5 6 ARRANGEMENTS
COMMENTS
1. Which session did you find most useful? Why? x 9= Making every voice count video because it shows how media works x 2= Interviews with the women politicians
2. Which session did you find least useful? Why? x None
3. Suggestions for future onsite training x This needs to be an ongoing activity x These should include civil society x SABC could set up a studio for their talk shows just to have a feel of how audience act when it is question time
4. Suggestions for making workshops of this nature more effective in future x Get more women politicians as guest speakers x Involve senior reporters and editors x Have a follow up workshop to evaluate where things in the organisation have improved
5. Any other comments x Thank you, it was an eye opener x Content of the workshops was excellent x Try cascading down to private sector.
59 Annex P: Participants list from Rhodes University
Name Organisation Tel./Fax/Cellphone Gender Email Michelle Parkin Rhodes 084 522 9006 Female [email protected] Maike Currie Rhodes 084 580 6183 Female Hilton Tawant Rhodes 083 662 1684 Male [email protected] Elridge Le Kay Rhodes 083 358 4512 Male [email protected] Natalie Grunewald Rhodes 083 694 1697 Female [email protected] Jess Oosthuizen Rhodes 072 235 5680 Male [email protected] Ulric Taylor Rhodes Fax (018) 771 3173 Male [email protected] 082 925 2620 Tina Katembo Rhodes 072 775 9521 Female [email protected] Leah Komakoma Rhodes 084 396 0271 Female [email protected] Jacqueline Kabeta Rhodes 073 505 9183 Female [email protected] Badumile Duma Rhodes 072 418 5412 Male [email protected] Andisa Fihla Rhodes 083 962 1624 Female [email protected] Jealousy Mawarire Rhodes 072 614 0741 Male [email protected] Jeanne Prinsloo Rhodes Fax (046) 622 8447 Female [email protected] 083 776 0349 Suaden Bosch Rhodes Female [email protected] Denis Djumco Rhodes Male [email protected] Biobele Da-Wariboko Rhodes 072 378 8888 Male [email protected] Qurasha Rajkymar Rhodes Tel. (046) 636 1468 Female [email protected] Emrakeb Assefa Rhodes 072 615 5984 Female [email protected] Kirsten Alcock Rhodes 084 443 5015 Female [email protected] Tegan Bedser Rhodes 082 589 4737 Male [email protected] Marisa Steyn Rhodes 084 703 1002 Female [email protected] Pippa Rowles Rhodes 082 365 6732 Female [email protected] A. Hamachla Rhodes Male [email protected] A.N. Mwangi Rhodes 084 807 4425 Male [email protected] Tudor Caradoc-Davies Rhodes 073 402 0109 Male [email protected]
60 Name Organisation Tel./Fax/Cellphone Gender Email Stephen Kihn Rhodes 072 262 1789 Male [email protected] H. Pelser Rhodes Male A. Spilka Rhodes 072 566 2368 Male [email protected] S. Kyazee Rhodes Tel. (046) 622 2771 Male [email protected] Zanele Matshoba Rhodes 082 480 9698 Female [email protected] Olga Borowski Rhodes 082 737 7206 Female [email protected] Lesley Ann Malgas Rhodes 072 533 5961 Female [email protected] C. Kabwato Rhodes Tel. (046) 622 4151 [email protected] N. Kane Rhodes 082 401 9209 Female [email protected] L du Plessis Rhodes 082 789 1421 [email protected] A. Speckman Rhodes 084 727 6818 Female [email protected] W. Briell RU J4 Writing [email protected] S. Zigomo RU J4 Writing 073 424 1803 [email protected] M. Slater RU J4 Writing 072 149 9186 [email protected] P. Chauke Johnnic Comm 072 360 1533 [email protected] S. Khumalo Johncom P.E 084 739 0876 Female [email protected] B. Jamela Johnnic Com 072 771 1228 [email protected] V. Jele Johnnic Com 072 412 3809 [email protected] L. Sifile Johnnic com 083 663 4232 [email protected] N. Cekete JohnCom 082 363 7790 [email protected] T. Patterson JohnCom 082 566 2632 [email protected] X. Bhengu JohnCom 083 958 4774 xbhengu@[email protected] Sipho Masondo JohnCom 073 454 0105 Male [email protected] M. R. van Zyl JohnCom 082 415 6872 [email protected] Daniel Browde Rhodes 073 350 2910 [email protected] Kediretswe Pule Rhodes Female [email protected] Zinhle Dlamini Rhodes 083 984 9365 Female [email protected] Rod Amner Rhodes Lecturer 073 546 0708 Male [email protected] Lynette Steenveld Rhodes Lecturer Tel. (046) 622 7128 Female [email protected]
61 Annex Q: Evaluation
26 evaluations were received
EXCELLENT GOOD FAIR POOR VERY POOR 1. PROGRAMME DESIGN 7 16 2 1 2. PROGRAMME CONTENT 8 15 2 1 3. FACILITATION 8 15 2 1 4. GROUP WORK 7 11 8 5. DOCUMENTATION 13 11 1 1 6. LEARNING OPPORTUNITY 11 10 5 7.NETWORKING 411101 OPPORTUNITY 8.ADMINSTRATIVE 6146 ARRANGEMENTS
COMMENTS
1. Which session did you find most useful? Why? 5= Women in Politics presentation 7= Panel on Strip the Back Page because it encouraged debate 4= Making every voice count video because it was easy to follow the work of Gender Links 9= Group work on story ideas was there was brainstorming of ideas and a way this could be taken forward
2. Which session did you find least useful? Why? 4= Video session because it was too long, it was not objective as it looked it was from the viewpoint of the makers 2= Strip the back page because media is a profit making and these discussion leaned on charity
3. Suggestions for onsite training. x Start early and allocate at least two days because there was too much to take in, in a short space of time
4. Suggestions for making workshops of this nature more effective in future. x Use male images for balance x Have interactive session because it allows debate x Have both a male and female facilitators
5. Any other comments x The session was useful and interesting x Use more examples of men to illustrate that there are good men
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