Research and Perspectives in Endocrine Interactions Donald Pfaff Yves Christen Editors Stem Cells in Neuroendocrinology Research and Perspectives in Endocrine Interactions More information about this series at http://www.springer.com/series/5241 Donald Pfaff • Yves Christen Editors Stem Cells in Neuroendocrinology Editors Donald Pfaff Yves Christen Department of Neurobiology & Behavior Fondation Ipsen The Rockefeller University Boulogne Billancourt New York, New York France USA ISSN 1861-2253 ISSN 1863-0685 (electronic) Research and Perspectives in Endocrine Interactions ISBN 978-3-319-41602-1 ISBN 978-3-319-41603-8 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-41603-8 Library of Congress Control Number: 2016946609 © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s) 2016. This book is published open access. 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Printed on acid-free paper This Springer imprint is published by Springer Nature The registered company is Springer International Publishing AG Switzerland Introduction Techniques for manipulating neural systems in general and neuroendocrine systems in particular have matured greatly compared to the era in which nerve cell destruc- tion and electrical stimulation provided our main tools. In theory, nerve cell groups connected with hormonal systems should offer strategic advantages to the stem cell biologist because of the wealth of chemically understood regulatory steps to exploit. While the current volume cannot provide a comprehensive review of the quickly evolving applications of stem cell biology, it does provide a first view of some of the early successes and new possibilities. For example, the striking successes of Lorenz Studer with dopamine-expressing neurons may not only prove to be of surpassing importance for Parkinson’s disease but may also shed light on dopaminergic neuron participation in basic processes of behavioral reward. Inna Tabansky, in addition, portrays how neuroendocrine neu- rons derived from stem cells can provide models of disease processes that then could be attacked under well-defined in vitro conditions. In a different type of presentation, Alon Chen provides a vision of how stem cell biology could be applied in a neuroendocrine system crucial for responses to stress: the corticotropin-releasing hormone system. The final chapter, from the highly experienced developmental biology lab of Karine Rizzoti and Robin Lovell-Badge at the Crick Institute, presents an overview from both outside and inside the central nervous system of the likely contributions of such work to the new field of regenerative medicine. New York, NY, USA Donald Pfaff Boulogne Billancourt, France Yves Christen v ThiS is a FM Blank Page Acknowledgments The editors wish to express their gratitude to Mrs. Mary Lynn Gage for her editorial assistance and Mrs. Astrid de Ge´rard for the organization of the meeting. vii ThiS is a FM Blank Page Contents A Brief Overview of Techniques for Modulating Neuroendocrine and Other Neural Systems .................................. 1 Maryem Manzoor and Donald Pfaff Basics of Stem Cell Biology as Applied to the Brain ............... 11 Inna Tabansky and Joel N.H. Stern Human Pluripotent-Derived Lineages for Repairing Hypopituitarism .. 25 Lorenz Studer and Viviane Tabar Recapitulating Hypothalamus and Pituitary Development Using Embryonic Stem/Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells ........... 35 Hidetaka Suga Regulation of Body Weight and Metabolism by Tanycyte-Derived Neurogenesis in Young Adult Mice ........................... 51 Seth Blackshaw, Daniel A. Lee, Thomas Pak, and Sooyeon Yoo Genetic Dissection of the Neuroendocrine and Behavioral Responses to Stressful Challenges ..................................... 69 Alon Chen Pituitary Stem Cells: Quest for Hidden Functions ................ 81 Hugo Vankelecom Pituitary Stem Cells During Normal Physiology and Disease ........ 103 Cynthia L. Andoniadou Epigenetic Mechanisms of Pituitary Cell Fate Specification ......... 113 Jacques Drouin ix x Contents Advances in Stem Cells Biology: New Approaches to Understand Depression .............................................. 123 A. Borsini and P.A. Zunszain Perspective on Stem Cells in Developmental Biology, with Special Reference to Neuroendocrine Systems ......................... 135 Karine Rizzoti, Carlotta Pires, and Robin Lovell-Badge List of Contributors Cynthia L. Andoniadou Division of Craniofacial Development and Stem Cell Biology, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom Seth Blackshaw Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA Department of Ophthalmology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Balti- more, MD, USA Center for Human Systems Biology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA A. Borsini Department of Psychological Medicine, Section of Stress, Psychiatry and Immunology, King’s College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, London, United Kingdom Alon Chen Department of Stress Neurobiology and Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany Department of Neurobiology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel Jacques Drouin Laboratoire de Ge´ne´tique Mole´culaire, Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montre´al (IRCM), Montre´al, QC, Canada Daniel A. Lee Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA Division of Biology and Biomedical Engineering, California Institute of Technol- ogy, Pasadena, CA, USA xi xii List of Contributors Robin Lovell-Badge The Crick Institute, Mill Hill Laboratory, The Ridgeway, London, United Kingdom Maryem Manzoor The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA Thomas Pak Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA D. Pfaff The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA Carlotta Pires University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark Karine Rizzoti The Crick Institute, Mill Hill Laboratory, The Ridgeway, London, United Kingdom Joel N.H. Stern Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA Department of Autoimmunity, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Northwell Health System, Manhasset, NY, USA Departments of Neurology, Molecular Medicine, and Science Education, Hofstra Northwell School of Medicine, Hempstead, NY, USA Lorenz Studer Developmental Biology, The Center for Stem Cell Biology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA Hidetaka Suga Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Nagoya University Hospital, Nagoya, Aich, Japan Inna Tabansky Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA Viviane Tabar Department of Neurosurgery, The Center for Stem Cell Biology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA Hugo Vankelecom Department of Development and Regeneration, Cluster of Stem Cell Biology and Embryology, Unit of Stem Cell Research, KU Leuven (University of Leuven), Campus Gasthuisberg O&N4, Leuven, Belgium Sooyeon Yoo Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA P.A. Zunszain Department of Psychological Medicine, Section of Stress, Psychi- atry and Immunology, King’s College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, London, United Kingdom A Brief Overview of Techniques for Modulating Neuroendocrine and Other Neural Systems Maryem Manzoor and Donald Pfaff Abstract The history of experimental approaches to the nervous system forms the backdrop for new opportunities of using stem cell technologies in neuroendocrine systems. The emphasis of this chapter is on attempts at therapeutic maneuvers. A Brief View of the Oldest, Most Primitive Approaches No one uncovers the historical roots, the origins of ancient neuroscience, better than Stanley Finger of the Washington University School