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1 of 3—Evaluation of Sequestration Options for Deep Saline Formations

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OHIO ERA Geologic Formation Names and (SUB- SERIES Informal AVAILABLE ROCK CORE SAMPLE SETS AVAILABLE ROCK CUTTINGS SAMPLE SETS BRINE DISPOSAL WELL INJECTION RATES BRINE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION DATA SYSTEM SYSTEM) Formation Corresponding OCDO Formation Groups ABSTRACT Groupings Monongahela Gp Formation Name OCDO Formation Group Pennsylvanian Pennsylvanian undifferentiated Pittsburgh coal Pennsylvanian undifferentiated UPPER Conemaugh Gp A comprehensive character- Conemaugh Gp Pennsylvanian undifferentiated ERIE ERIE ERIE ERIE Mitchell sand Pennsylvanian undifferentiated ASHTABULA Allegheny Gp Glenshaw Pennsylvanian undifferentiated ASHTABULA ASHTABULA LAKE ization of geologic sequestra- LAKE LAKE Peeker sand Pennsylvanian undifferentiated LUCAS LAKE LUCAS LAKE LAKE LAKE LUCAS Cow Run Pennsylvanian undifferentiated FULTON FULTON FULTON Pottsville Gp WILLIAMS WILLIAMS tion options in eastern Ohio Buell Run Pennsylvanian undifferentiated OTTAWA MIDDLE WILLIAMS OTTAWA OTTAWA Macksburg Pennsylvanian undifferentiated GEAUGA FORMATION GROUP GEAUGA FORMATION GROUP FORMATION GROUP FORMATION GROUP Macksburg 300 Pennsylvanian undifferentiated GEAUGA and the upper Ohio River Val- Sharon CUYAHOGA CUYAHOGA (PENNSYLVANIAN) TRUMBULL ss Coal Pennsylvanian undifferentiated WOOD CUYAHOGA Pennsylvanian undifferentiated Pennsylvanian undifferentiated Pennsylvanian undifferentiated Pennsylvanian undifferentiated SANDUSKY DEFIANCE WOOD SANDUSKY ERIE SANDUSKY ERIE Allegheny Pennsylvanian undifferentiated DEFIANCE ERIE HENRY DEFIANCE HENRY WOOD HENRY TRUMBULL TRUMBULL Cow Run 2 Pennsylvanian undifferentiated LORAIN Mississippian undifferentiated LORAIN Mississippian undifferentiated Mississippian undifferentiated Mississippian undifferentiated ley area is being developed by undifferentiated Pennsylvanian LORAIN LOWER Dorr Run marine zone Pennsylvanian undifferentiated Berea Berea Berea Berea Washingtonville marine zone Pennsylvanian undifferentiated HURON PORTAGE Devonian shale and siltstones PORTAGE Devonian shale and siltstones Devonian shale and siltstones PORTAGE Devonian shale and siltstones the Ohio Geological Survey HURON PA UL DI N G HURON MEDINA Macksburg 500 Pennsylvanian undifferentiated PA U L D IN G SENECA MEDINA SUMMIT PA U L D IN G SENECA MEDINA SUMMIT SUMMIT Macksburg 700 Pennsylvanian undifferentiated MAHONING Silurian-Devonian "Big Lime" Silurian-Devonian "Big Lime" Silurian-Devonian "Big Lime" SENECA MAHONING Silurian-Devonian "Big Lime" Germantown sandstone Pennsylvanian undifferentiated PUTNAM PUTNAM MAHONING PUTNAM in cooperation with Battelle. Silurian "Clinton/Medina" Silurian "Clinton/Medina" Silurian "Clinton/Medina" HANCOCK Silurian "Clinton/Medina" Pottsville Group Pennsylvanian undifferentiated HANCOCK HANCOCK CARBONIFEROUS UPPER Ordovician shale and Trenton- Ordovician shale and Trenton- Maxville Pottsville Pennsylvanian undifferentiated CRAWFORD Ordovician shale and Trenton- Ordovician shale and Trenton- Ls This project is partially fund- Quakertown Coal Pennsylvanian undifferentiated VAN WERT Black River VAN WERT Black River Black River VAN WERT Black River CRAWFORD WYANDOT WYANDOT CRAWFORD WYANDOT ASHLAND STARK Number 2 Coal Pennsylvanian undifferentiated ASHLAND WAYNE STARK COLUMBIANA Cambrian-Ordovician Knox ASHLAND WAYNE STARK Cambrian-Ordovician Knox Cambrian-Ordovician Knox Cambrian-Ordovician Knox ALLEN Brill Sand Pennsylvanian undifferentiated ALLEN ALLEN RICHLAND COLUMBIANA COLUMBIANA ed by the Ohio Coal Develop- Precambrian & Cambrian pre-Knox* Precambrian & Cambrian pre-Knox* Precambrian & Cambrian pre-Knox* RICHLAND Precambrian & Cambrian pre-Knox* Sharon Pennsylvanian undifferentiated RICHLAND WAYNE Maxton Pennsylvanian undifferentiated HARDIN HARDIN HARDIN *Includes 14 Precambrian. *Includes 51 identified Precambrian cutting *Includes five Precambrian. *Includes one Precambrian. ment Offi ce (OCDO). Eastern MIDDLE Second Salt sand Pennsylvanian undifferentiated MARION MERCER MORROW CARROLL MARION CARROLL MARION HOLMES CARROLL Salt sand Pennsylvanian undifferentiated AUGLAIZE HOLMES MERCER AUGLAIZE HOLMES suites. 135 additional wells total depth in the MERCER AUGLAIZE (MISSISSIPPIAN) Precambrian however do not have a bottom Mitchell Pennsylvanian undifferentiated MORROW MORROW Ohio is a crucial area in which † JEFFERSON DATA TYPE Logan Fm TUSCARAWAS Class I well formation identified in RBDMS. INJECTION RATE TUSCARAWAS KNOX TUSCARAWAS JEFFERSON Black Mississippian Undifferentiated Mississippian undifferentiated LOGAN KNOX Hand Mbr LOGAN KNOX bbls/inj. day LO GAN Mississippian undifferentiated Brine chemistry Cuyahoga Fm Upper Mississippian undifferentiated Mississippian undifferentiated OCDO AOR SHELBY SHELBY carbon sequestration options Sh Coldwater LOWER UNION Maxville Mississippian undifferentiated SHELBY HARRISON COSHOCTON HARRISON UNION HARRISON Sunbury Sh COSHOCTON DELAWARE Class I well <75 DELAWARE COSHOCTON Water resistivity Logan Mississippian undifferentiated DELAWARE Berea Ss JEFFERSON must be fully explored so that Keener Mississippian undifferentiated Both data Berea DARKE UNION OCDO AOR 75–150 Bedford Sh Big Injun Mississippian undifferentiated CHAMPAIGN DARKE CHAMPAIGN DARKE CHAMPAIGN GUERNSEY Squaw Mississippian undifferentiated LICKING LICKING 150–300 LICKING stakeholders may understand MIAMI MIAMI MIAMI GUERNSEY MUSKINGUM Ohio Sh Weir Mississippian undifferentiated BELMONT GUERNSEY BELMONT Class I well Hamden Mississippian undifferentiated MUSKINGUM FRANKLIN MUSKINGUM 300–500 FRANKLIN BELMONT FRANKLIN OCDO AOR the potential options and costs UPPER Henley Shale Member Mississippian undifferentiated CLARK CLARK CLARK Antrim Sh Java Fm Olentangy Sh Coffee Shale Mississippian undifferentiated MADISON MADISON West Falls Fm MONTGOMERY MONTGOMERY >500 of future carbon capture and Cussewago Sandstone Mississippian undifferentiated MADISON PERRY PREBLE FAIRFIELD PREBLE FAIRFIELD NOBLE † PREBLE MONTGOMERY FAIRFIELD Sunbury Berea PERRY MONROE PERRY MONROE Total volume divided by number of days MONROE Olentangy Sh GREENE GREENE PICKAWAY Berea Berea GREENE PICKAWAY of injection. MORGAN NOBLE storage technologies. The pri- and siltstones Devonian shale Devonian NOBLE PICKAWAY Berea 2 Berea MORGAN MORGAN Traverse Gp Bedford Berea FAYETTE FAYETTE FAYETTE Dun- Hamilton dee Delaware Ls Gp mary task is to compile, assim- DEVONIAN Gantz Berea Class I well MIDDLE Ls HOCKING HOCKING Columbus Marcellus HOCKING WASHINGTON WASHINGTON Detroit Thirty Foot Berea BUTLER WASHINGTON River Ls Sh BUTLER WARREN BUTLER WARREN WARREN Gp CLINTON CLINTON OCDO AOR CLINTON Onondaga Gordon Berea ilate, and interpret the most Ls Fifth Sand Berea ROSS ATHEN S ROSS ATHENS ROSS ATHENS Bois Blanc Fm Cuyahoga Devonian shale and siltstones VINTON current geologic data perti- HAMILTON VINTON VINTON HAMILTON HAMILTON Devonian Devonian shale and siltstones HIGHLAND HIGHLAND HIGHLAND Oriskany Ss Ohio Devonian shale and siltstones CLERMONT CLERMONT LOWER nent to CO2 sequestration for Cleveland Shale Member Devonian shale and siltstones MEIGS MEIGS PIKE MEIGS Helderberg Ls PIKE CLERMONT Little Cinnamon Devonian shale and siltstones PIKE JACKSON JACKSON Bass Islands Chagrin Shale Member Devonian shale and siltstones PALEOZOIC Dol eastern Ohio. This project in- JACKSON Warren 1st Devonian shale and siltstones BROWN BROWN BROWN ÒBig LimeÓ Speechley Sand Devonian shale and siltstones ADAMS ADAMS cludes both deep saline forma- Silurian-Devonian Balltown Sand Devonian shale and siltstones SCIOTO GALLIA ADAMS GALLIA Salina Gp Huron Devonian shale and siltstones SCIOTO GALLIA SCIOTO Big Cinnamon Devonian shale and siltstones tions and oil and gas reservoirs Lower Huron Devonian shale and siltstones Ludlow-Pridoli Antrim Devonian shale and siltstones LAWRENCE LAWRENCE Olentangy Devonian shale and siltstones LAWRENCE that may have CO2 enhanced 0 10203040miles 0 10203040miles 010203040miles 0 10203040miles Lockport Dol Rhinestreet Shale Member Devonian shale and siltstones Sonyea Formation Devonian shale and siltstones SILURIAN oil recovery (EOR) potential. Marcellus Devonian shale and siltstones 0 1020304050kilometers 0 1020304050kilometers Clinton Rochester Sh 0 1020304050kilometers 0 1020304050kilometers Gp Dayton Fm Gordon Stray Silurian - Devonian “Big Lime” Eastern Ohio contains nu- Traverse Silurian - Devonian “Big Lime” Wenlock Delaware Silurian - Devonian “Big Lime” Llandovery- Cabot Head Fm Silurian MedinaÓ Cataract Gp ÒClinton/ merous deep saline formations Brassfield Fm Onondaga Silurian - Devonian “Big Lime” Columbus Silurian - Devonian “Big Lime” Queenston Sh Map showing available rock core, composite. See table at left for a listing of the formation(s) for each OCDO Map showing available rock cuttings sample sets, composite. See table at left for a listing of the formation(s) for Map showing brine disposal rates, composite. See table at left for a listing of the formation(s) for each OCDO Map showing available brine chemical composition data, composite. See table at left for a listing of the Big Lime Silurian - Devonian “Big Lime” that have limited well penetra- Detroit Group Silurian - Devonian “Big Lime” Cincinnati gp group. The Survey’s core collection consists of 955 individual cores from Ohio, Kentucky, and West Virginia. All each OCDO group. The Survey’s well cuttings collection consists of samples obtained from the drilling of 5,066 group. Injection rates were calculated based on recorded total volume in barrels of injected brine divided by the total formation(s) for each OCDO group. This data comes from the Ohio Brine database,
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