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Egovernment in Romania

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Egovernment in Romania Country Profile History Strategy Legal Framework Actors Who’s Who Infrastructure Services for Citizens Services for Businesses INSIDE WHAT’S eGovernment in Romania ISA Visit the e-Government factsheets online on Joinup.eu Joinup is a collaborative platform created by the European Commission under the ISA programme. ISA supports the modernization of Public administrations in Europe through the development of interoperable services, frameworks and tools. Joinup provides numerous services around 3 main functionalities: 1. An observatory on interoperability, e-government, e-inclusion and e-health 2. A collaborative platform of open communities 3. A repository of interoperability solutions This document is meant to present an overview of the eGoverment status in this country and not to be exhaustive in its references and analysis. Even though every possible care has been taken by the authors to refer to and use valid data from authentic sources, the European Commission does not guarantee the accuracy of the included information, nor does it accept any responsibility for any use thereof. Cover picture © Fotolia Content © European Commission © European Union, 2015 Reuse is authorised, provided the source is acknowledged. JanuaryMarch 20102011 EditionEdition 13.09.0 eGovernment in Romania, February 2016, Edition 13.0 Country Profile ....................................................................................................... 1 eGovernment History ............................................................................................. 7 eGovernment Strategy ......................................................................................... 11 eGovernment Legal Framework ........................................................................... 15 eGovernment Actors ............................................................................................ 22 eGovernment Who’s Who ..................................................................................... 25 eGovernment Infrastructure ................................................................................ 27 eGovernment Services for Citizens ....................................................................... 30 eGovernment Services for Businesses .................................................................. 36 eGovernment in Romania February 2016 Country Profile Basic data and indicators Basic Data Population (1 000): 19,861, 408 inhabitants (2015) GDP at market prices: 150 230.1 million Euros (2014) GDP per inhabitant in PPS (purchasing Power Standards EU 28=100): 55 (2014) GDP growth rate: 2.9 % (2014) Inflation rate: -0.4 % (2015) Unemployment rate: 6.8% (2014) General government gross debt (Percentage of GDP): 39.9% (2014) General government deficit/surplus (Percentage of GDP): -1.4% (2014) Area: 238.392 km2 Capital city: Bucharest Official EU language: Romanian Currency: RON Source: Eurostat (last update: January 19th 2016) [1] eGovernment in Romania February 2016 Political Structure Romania is a semi-presidential republic. The legislative branch of the Romanian Government consists of two chambers, the Senate (Senatul), which is comprised of 137 members (as of 2004), and the Chamber of Deputies (Camera Deputatilor), with 332 members (as of 2008). The members of both chambers are elected every four years by direct, popular vote on a mixed election system. Executive functions are shared between the President and the Prime Minister. The President of Romania is also elected by popular vote every five years. The President appoints the Prime Minister, who heads the Government, and the members of the Government chosen by the Prime Minister. The Prime Minister is a member of the party or the coalition that holds the majority in Parliament. The President is able to appoint a Prime Minister of his choice only if no party holds a parliamentary majority. The Government itself is subject to a parliamentary vote of approval. Judicial power belongs to a hierarchical system of courts. The Supreme Court of Justice is comprised of 11 judges appointed for three-year terms by the President in consultation with the Superior Council of Magistrates. A separate body, the Constitutional Court, validates elections and makes decisions regarding the constitutionality of laws, treaties, ordinances and internal rules of the Parliament; it is composed of nine members serving nine-year terms, with three members each appointed by the President, the Senate and the Chamber of Deputies. The Romanian judicial system is an inquisitorial system, of strong French influence. Administratively, Romania is divided into 41 counties (judeţe), and the municipality of Bucharest. Each county is administered by a county council (consiliu judeţean) responsible for local affairs, as well as a prefect who is appointed by the central government under the condition that s/he cannot be a member of any political party. The country is further subdivided into 2 686 communes, which are rural localities, and 265 towns. Communes and towns have their own local councils and are headed by a mayor (primar). Romania became a member of the European Union on 1 January 2007. The current Romanian Constitution was adopted in 1991 and last amended in 2003. Head of State: President Klaus Werner IOHANNIS (since 21 December 2014). Head of Government: Prime Minister Dacian Cioloş (since 17 November 2015). [2] eGovernment in Romania February 2016 Information Society Indicators Generic Indicators The following graphs present data for the latest Generic Information Society Indicators for Romania compared to the EU average. Statistical indicators in this section reflect those of Eurostat at the time the Edition is being prepared. Percentage of households with Percentage of enterprises with Internet access in Romania Internet access in Romania 90% 100% 88 80% 90% 83 85 79 79 79 70% 68 80% 58 61 70% 60% 54 60% 50% 47 42 50% 40% 40% 30% 30% 20% 20% 10% 10% 0% 0% 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Source: Eurostat Information Society Indicators Source: Eurostat Information Society Indicators Romania EU Percentage of individuals using the internet at least once a week in Romania 80% 70% 60% 52 50% 48 43 45 37 40% 34 30% 20% 10% 0% 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Source: Eurostat Information Society Indicators [3] eGovernment in Romania February 2016 Percentage of households with a Percentage of enterprises with a broadband connection in Romania broadband connection in Romania 80% 100% 96 70% 65 90% 82 80% 60% 56 58 67 50 70% 50% 57 60% 52 40% 50% 31 40% 30% 23 30% 20% 20% 10% 10% 0% 0% 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Source: Eurostat Information Society Indicators Source: Eurostat Information Society Indicators Percentage of individuals having Percentage of enterprises having purchased/ordered online in the last received orders online within the three months in Romania previous year in Romania 45% 18% 40% 16% 35% 14% Romania 30% 12% EU 25% 10% 9 8 20% 8% 7 6 15% 6% 5 4 10% 8 4% 6 4 5 5% 2 3 2% 0% 0% 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Source: Eurostat Information Society Indicators Source: Eurostat Information Society Indicators [4] eGovernment in Romania February 2016 eGovernment Indicators The following graphs present data for the latest eGovernment Indicators for Romania compared to the EU average. Statistical indicators in this section reflect those of Eurostat at the time the Edition is being prepared. Percentage of individuals using the Percentage of individuals using the internet for interacting with public internet for obtaining information from authorities in Romania public authorities in Romania 50% 45% 45% 40% 40% 35% 35% 31 30% 27 30% 25% 25% 20% 20% 15% 15% 11 10 9 9 10% 8 7 10% 8 7 5 4 5% 5% 0% 0% 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Source: Eurostat Information Society Indicators Source: Eurostat Information Society Indicators Percentage of individuals using the Percentage of individuals using the Romania internet for downloading official forms internet for sending filled forms to from public authorities in Romania public authorities in Romania EU 30% 30% 25% 25% 20% 20% 15% 15% 10% 10% 7 5 5 5 5 5 5% 3 5% 4 3 4 3 2 0% 0% 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Source: Eurostat Information Society Indicators Source: Eurostat Information Society Indicators [5] eGovernment in Romania February 2016 eGovernment State of Play The graph below is the result of the latest eGovernment Benchmark1 study, which monitors the development of eGovernment in Europe, based on specific indicators. These indicators are clustered within four main top-level benchmarks: User Centricity – indicates to what extent (information about) a service is provided online and how this is perceived. Transparent Government – indicates to what extent governments are transparent regarding: i) their own responsibilities and performance, ii) the process of service delivery and iii) personal data involved. Cross Border Mobility – indicates to what extent EU citizens can use online services in another country. Key Enablers – indicates the extent to which 5 technical pre-conditions are available online. There are: Electronic Identification (eID), Electronic documents (eDocuments), Authentic Sources, Electronic Safe (eSafe), and Single Sign On (SSO). These top-level benchmarks are measured using a life-events (e.g. mystery shopping) approach. The following life-events were used for measuring the eGovernment Benchmark
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