DOCSLIB.ORG

The Persistent Impact of Pinochet's Policy Concerning Resource Rights Of

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The Persistent Impact of Pinochet's Policy Concerning Resource Rights Of View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by OTHES DIPLOMARBEIT Titel der Diplomarbeit „The persistent impact of Pinochet’s policy concerning resource rights of the Mapuche with special focus on the forestry sector“ Verfasserin Veronika Weissenböck angestrebter akademischer Grad Magistra (Mag.) Wien, 2011 Studienkennzahl lt. Studienblatt: A 057 390 Studienrichtung lt. Studienblatt: Internationale Entwicklung Betreuerin / Betreuer: Ao.Univ.-Prof. Dr. iur. René Kuppe Acknowledgements First and foremost, I want to thank my family and my friends who at all times have supported and encouraged me during my studies and the process of writing this thesis. Moreover, I would like to express my gratitute to Prof. René Kuppe who aroused my interest in the topic of indigenous peoples. Table of Contents 1. Introduction ........................................................................ 1 1.1 Research question and chapter outline ............................................................................. 1 1.2 Who are indigenous peoples ............................................................................................ 3 1.2.1 The notion of indigenous peoples ............................................................................. 3 1.2.2 The special relationship to land and the notion of collective rights .......................... 5 1.3 Indigenous peoples in Chile ............................................................................................. 6 1.3.1 The Mapuche people of Chile ................................................................................... 7 1.3.1.1 Named after regions ........................................................................................... 7 1.3.1.2 Culture ................................................................................................................ 8 1.3.1.3 Concepts of life and relationship to land, social organisation ............................ 9 1.3.1.4 Spirituality and Religion .................................................................................. 10 1.3.1.5 The Mapuche Pehuenche ................................................................................. 11 1.3.1.6 The Mapuche today .......................................................................................... 12 2. Historical outline until 1973 ............................................ 15 2.1 Arrival of the Spaniards and their struggle to subordinate the Mapuche ....................... 15 2.1.1 Treaty of Quilín and consequences of the Spanish invasion ................................... 16 2.2 Colonisation ................................................................................................................... 17 2.2.1 Radicación ............................................................................................................... 18 2.3 From collective to individual ownership ........................................................................ 19 2.3.1 Relevant legal provisions in the 20th century until 1970 ......................................... 19 2.3.1.1 Socio-economic consequences of the legislation ............................................. 21 2.4 Socialist experiment under Allende: 1970-1973 ............................................................ 22 2.4.1 Legislation concerning the indigenous population .................................................. 22 2.4.1.1 Content and impact of the law .......................................................................... 23 3. The Pinochet era ............................................................... 25 3.1 Political foundations of the regime ................................................................................ 25 3.2 The terror regime ............................................................................................................ 26 3.3 Economic transformations .............................................................................................. 28 3.3.1 Exports based upon natural resources and individual property ............................... 30 3.4 Introduction of a new legislation concerning the indigenous population ...................... 30 3.4.1 Decree Law Nº 2568 from communal to private lands ........................................... 31 3.4.1.1 Division ............................................................................................................ 31 3.4.1.2 Aims and effects of the law .............................................................................. 32 3.4.1.3 Socio-economic consequences of the legislation ............................................. 34 3.4.2 Decree Law Nº 701 ................................................................................................. 35 3.4.3 The Anti-Terrorism Law ......................................................................................... 36 3.4.4 Other laws affecting the indigenous population ...................................................... 37 3.5 The rising movement of the Mapuche ............................................................................ 38 3.5.1 The Mapuche mobilisation during the dictatorship: 1970s and 1980s .................... 38 3.5.1.1 Aims and Demands .......................................................................................... 39 4. The succeeding governments of the Concertación and Pinochet’s heritage ............................................................... 41 4.1 The Concertación and neoliberalism ............................................................................. 42 4.2 The Concertación’s way of dealing with the past .......................................................... 43 4.2.1 Continuation and manifestation of structures introduced under Pinochet .............. 44 4.2.1.1 The secured influence of the right wing and power of the military ................. 46 4.3 Legislation concerning the indigenous population: Between modernisation and symbolic recognition ............................................................................................................ 47 4.3.1 Overview of the new ley indígena of 1993 ............................................................. 47 4.3.1.1 Definition of indigenous peoples and the comunidad ...................................... 48 4.3.1.2 Culture and Customs ........................................................................................ 49 4.3.1.3 Land and Resources ......................................................................................... 50 4.3.1.4 Funds ................................................................................................................ 52 4.3.1.5 CONADI - Corporación Nacional de Desarollo Indígena .............................. 53 4.3.2 Consequences and critical view on the 1993 indigenous law ................................. 55 4.3.2.1 Reality remains uncovered by law ................................................................... 55 4.3.2.2 Indigenous Development .................................................................................. 56 4.3.2.3 Conflicts with other laws and the lacking protection of natural resources ...... 57 4.3.2.4 Land .................................................................................................................. 59 4.3.2.5 Summary .......................................................................................................... 60 4.4 Growing pressure on Mapuche lands and natural resources .......................................... 61 4.5 The post dictatorship Mapuche movement and the current movement ......................... 62 4.5.1 1990s until today: Aims and Strategies .................................................................... 63 4.6 Contravening concepts ................................................................................................... 64 5. The Chilean forest as object of diverging interests ....... 67 5.1 The Chilean forest and its biodiversity .......................................................................... 67 5.1.1 Araucaria araucana forest ...................................................................................... 68 5.2 Deforestation and exploitation of the Chilean forest ..................................................... 70 5.2.1 The forest as an object to the neoliberal industry .................................................... 71 5.2.1.1 Chile’s expanding forestry industry and its role in the world market .............. 72 5.3 Significance of Aracuaria Araucana as livelihood for the Pehuenche .......................... 73 5.3.1 The Mapuche’s role of conserving the Araucaria forests ....................................... 74 5.3.1.1 Socio-economic impact of logging on the Pehuenche ..................................... 75 5.4 Native forests versus plantations .................................................................................... 76 5.4.1 Environmental impact of plantations ...................................................................... 78 5.4.1.1 Impact on water ................................................................................................ 78 5.4.1.2 The use of pesticides and herbicides ................................................................ 79 5.4.1.3 The committing of arson and illegal logging ................................................... 80 5.4.1.4 Impact on biodiversity .....................................................................................
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Permanent War on Peru's Periphery: Frontier Identity
    id2653500 pdfMachine by Broadgun Software - a great PDF writer! - a great PDF creator! - http://www.pdfmachine.com http://www.broadgun.com ’S PERIPHERY: FRONT PERMANENT WAR ON PERU IER IDENTITY AND THE POLITICS OF CONFLICT IN 17TH CENTURY CHILE. By Eugene Clark Berger Dissertation Submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate School of Vanderbilt University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY in History August, 2006 Nashville, Tennessee Approved: Date: Jane Landers August, 2006 Marshall Eakin August, 2006 Daniel Usner August, 2006 íos Eddie Wright-R August, 2006 áuregui Carlos J August, 2006 id2725625 pdfMachine by Broadgun Software - a great PDF writer! - a great PDF creator! - http://www.pdfmachine.com http://www.broadgun.com HISTORY ’ PERMANENT WAR ON PERU S PERIPHERY: FRONTIER IDENTITY AND THE POLITICS OF CONFLICT IN 17TH-CENTURY CHILE EUGENE CLARK BERGER Dissertation under the direction of Professor Jane Landers This dissertation argues that rather than making a concerted effort to stabilize the Spanish-indigenous frontier in the south of the colony, colonists and indigenous residents of 17th century Chile purposefully perpetuated the conflict to benefit personally from the spoils of war and use to their advantage the resources sent by viceregal authorities to fight it. Using original documents I gathered in research trips to Chile and Spain, I am able to reconstruct the debates that went on both sides of the Atlantic over funds, protection from ’ th pirates, and indigenous slavery that so defined Chile s formative 17 century. While my conclusions are unique, frontier residents from Paraguay to northern New Spain were also dealing with volatile indigenous alliances, threats from European enemies, and questions about how their tiny settlements could get and keep the attention of the crown.
    [Show full text]
  • The Linguistic Debate in Chile: Ideologies and Representations of Languages and Multilingual Practices in the National Online News
    The linguistic debate in Chile: ideologies and representations of languages and multilingual practices in the national online news HANNA SLIASHYNSKAYA Thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Newcastle University School of Education, Communication and Language Sciences July 2019 ii Abstract Linguistic ideologies, or beliefs about languages and their use, are key to dynamics and changes in language choice, language minorisation and death. Linguistic ideologies, especially those of monolingualism, have long been part of nation-states’ policies (Shohamy, 2006; Fairclough, 2015) despite the prevalence of multilingualism in social domains (Meyerhoff, 2008). Chile, the context of this research project, is a multilingual country with a surprisingly limited amount of language legislation (Leclerc, 2015) most of which focuses on governmental plans to make Chile bilingual by 2030 (Minsegpres, Mineduc and Minec, 2014) and the foreign language education in schools, namely, the teaching of English, the only foreign language taught in public schools since 2010. At the same time, the use of indigenous languages is not regulated, and Spanish is the de facto official language. In view of such laissez-faire regulations of Chile’s linguistic setting, it is crucial to explore public domains beyond language policy to explain the ongoing minoritisation of indigenous languages and the growth of the dominant languages. Thus, this thesis examines how dominant and minoritised languages are represented in popular national online newspapers. The collected data includes 8877 news articles published in ten most widely-read Chilean online newspapers between 2010 and 2016 and containing references to Chile’s local (Mapudungún, Rapa Nui, Aimara, Quechua, Yámana, Huilliche, Qawasqar, Kunza and Spanish) and foreign languages (English), as well as variously labelled multilingual practices, such as bilingualism and multilingualism.
    [Show full text]
  • The Sea Within: Marine Tenure and Cosmopolitical Debates
    THE SEA WITHIN MARINE TENURE AND COSMOPOLITICAL DEBATES Hélène Artaud and Alexandre Surrallés editors IWGIA THE SEA WITHIN MARINE TENURE AND COSMOPOLITICAL DEBATES Copyright: the authors Typesetting: Jorge Monrás Editorial Production: Alejandro Parellada HURIDOCS CIP DATA Title: The sea within – Marine tenure and cosmopolitical debates Edited by: Hélène Artaud and Alexandre Surrallés Print: Tarea Asociación Gráfica Educativa - Peru Pages: 226 ISBN: Language: English Index: 1. Indigenous Peoples – 2. Maritime Rights Geografical area: world Editorial: IWGIA Publications date: April 2017 INTERNATIONAL WORK GROUP FOR INDIGENOUS AFFAIRS Classensgade 11 E, DK 2100 - Copenhagen, Denmak Tel: (+45) 35 27 05 00 – E-mail: [email protected] – Web: www.iwgia.org To Pedro García Hierro, in memoriam Acknowledgements The editors of this book would like to thank the authors for their rigour, ef- fectiveness and interest in our proposal. Also, Alejandro Parellada of IWGIA for the enthusiasm he has shown for our project. And finally, our thanks to the Fondation de France for allowing us, through the “Quels littoraux pour demain? [What coastlines for tomorrow?] programme to bring to fruition the reflection which is the subject of this book. Content From the Land to the Sea within – A presentation Alexandre Surrallés................................................................................................ .. 11 Introduction Hélène Artaud...................................................................................................... ....15 PART I
    [Show full text]
  • Conociendo La Cultura Mapuche
    Conociendo la cultura Kimafiyiñ Mapuche Kimün Knowing the Mapuche Culture turismo cultural Kimafiyiñ Mapuche Kimün Knowing the Mapuche Culture Conociendo la cultura Kimafiyiñ Mapuche Kimün Knowing the Mapuche Culture Kimafiyiñ Mapuche Kimün Knowing the Mapuche Culture Conociendo la cultura Kimafiyiñ Mapuche Kimün Knowing the Mapuche Culture turismo cultural CONOCIENDO LA CULTURA MAPUCHE Publicación a cargo de: Cristina Gálvez Gómez (CNCA) Coordinación editorial: Christian Báez Allende (CNCA) Elaboración de contenidos: Patrimonia Consultores Textos en español: Paulina Soto Labbé Asesoría de contenidos y fuentes: Juan Ñanculef Hauiquinao y Luz Aillañir Painen Corrección de textos en español: Mónica Muñoz Montoya (CNCA) Traducción al inglés: Gisela Frick Hassemberg Traducción al mapuzungún: Juan Ñanculef Hauiquinao y Luz Aillañir Painen Diseño y diagramación (primera edición): Juan Carlos Berthelon y Ají Color Diagramación (segunda edición): Soledad Poirot Oliva (CNCA) Diseño de portada: Emilia Valle Krämer (CNCA) Ilustraciones: Patricia Aguilera Álvarez (Ají Color) © Consejo Nacional de la Cultura y las Artes Registro de Propiedad Intelectual n° 221.768 ISBN: 978-956-352-030-9 www.cultura.gob.cl Se autoriza la reproducción parcial citando la fuente correspondiente. En este libro se utilizó para el cuerpo de texto la tipografía Australis, creada por el diseñador chileno Francisco Gálvez, fuente ganadora del Gold Prize en los Morisawa Awards 2002 de Tokio. 2ª edición revisada y actualizada, diciembre de 2012 Se imprimieron 1.350 ejemplares
    [Show full text]
  • Universidad Austral De Chile. Facultad De Medicina Escuela De Enfermería
    Universidad Austral de Chile. Facultad de Medicina Escuela de Enfermería. UNA PROPUESTA DE POTENCIACIÓN DE LOS PROGRAMAS DE SALUD INTERCULTURAL, DESDE LA PERSPECTIVA DE LA ENFERMERÍA TRANSCULTURAL Tesis presentada como parte de los requisitos para optar al grado de Licenciada en Enfermería María Paz Cárcamo Ortiz Valdivia-Chile 2009 Se agradece a: Gobierno de Chile, a través del Servicio de Salud de Osorno, por el apoyo financiero para la realización de esta investigación. Organización Ruka Mapu por su cooperación. Mi familia y novio por su incondicional apoyo. Docente patrocinante por su guía y apoyo durante esta investigación y toda la etapa universitaria. 2 Profesor Patrocinante: Nombre : Sr. Ricardo Alexis Ayala Valenzuela. Profesión : Enfermero. Grados : Magíster (c) en Educación, mención Políticas y Gestión Educativas. Instituto : Enfermería. Facultad : Medicina Universidad Austral de Chile. Firma : Profesores Informantes: 1) Nombre : Moira Holmqvist Curimil. Profesión : Enfermera. Grados : Magíster (c) en Comunicación. Instituto : Enfermería Facultad : Medicina Universidad Austral de Chile. Firma: 2) Nombre : Roberto Eduardo Morales Urra. Profesión : Antropólogo. Grados : Doctorado en Antropología Social. Instituto : Ciencias Sociales. Facultad : Filosofía y Humanidades Universidad Austral de Chile. Firma : Fecha de examen de grado: 3 ÍNDICE PÁGINA RESUMEN 5 SUMMARY 7 1. PREREFLEXIVO 8 2. ANTECEDENTES 10 3. PROPÓSITO Y OBJETIVOS 51 4. DISEÑO METODOLÓGICO 52 5. ANÁLISIS DE DATOS 59 6. CONCLUSIONES 86 7. DISCUSIÓN 92 8. PROPUESTA DE INTERVENCIÓN 102 9. REFERENCIAS 108 10. ANEXOS 114 4 RESUMEN La presente investigación, tiene como objetivo principal realizar una evaluación de la necesidad de crear una política de salud con pertinencia sociocultural en el ámbito de la salud mental de un sector mapuche huilliche de la Provincia de Osorno, que permita la comprensión de las prácticas de salud en la población de estudio, mediante el análisis hermenéutico y de las formas culturales de los actores.
    [Show full text]
  • The Political Ecology of Indigenous Movements and Tree Plantations in Chile
    THE POLITICAL ECOLOGY OF INDIGENOUS MOVEMENTS AND TREE PLANTATIONS IN CHILE THE ROLE OF POLITICAL STRATEGIES OF MAPUCHE COMMUNITIES IN SHAPING THEIR SOCIAL AND NATURAL LIVELIHOODS by MARIA ISABEL DU MONCEAU DE BERGENDAL LABARCA BA. Anthropology, Universidad Austral de Chile (1992) MA. Environment, Development and Policy, University of Sussex (1996) A THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY in THE FACULTY OF GRADUATE STUDIES (RESOURCE MANAGEMENT AND ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES) THE UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA (Vancouver) April 2008 Maria Isabel du Monceau de Bergendal Labarca, 2008 Abstract In Chile’s neoliberal economy, large-scale timber plantations controlled by national and multinational forest corporations have expanded significantly on traditional indigenous territories. Chile’s forestry sector began to expand rapidly in 1974, the year following the military coup, owing to the privatization of forest lands and the passing of Decree 701. That law continues to provide large subsidies for afforestation, as well as tax exemptions for plantations established after 1974. As a consequence, conflicts have developed between indigenous communities and forestry companies, with the latter actively supported by government policies. The Mapuche people, the largest indigenous group in Chile, have been demanding the right to control their own resources. Meanwhile, they have been bearing the physical and social costs of the forestry sector’s growth. Since democracy returned to Chile in 1990, governments have done little to strengthen the rights of indigenous peoples. Government policy in this area is ill-defined; it consists mainly of occasional land restitution and monetary compensation when conflicts with the Mapuche threaten to overheat.
    [Show full text]
  • The Mapuche People: Between Oblivion and Exclusion
    n°358/2 August 2003 International Federation for Human Rights Report International Investigative Mission CHILE THE MAPUCHE PEOPLE: BETWEEN OBLIVION AND EXCLUSION I. INTRODUCTION AND PRESENTATION OF THE MISSION . 4 II. CONTEXT . 6 III. FORESTRY EXPLOITATION: THE DESTRUCTION OF A PEOPLE AND THEIR ENVIRONMENT. 10 IV. THE RALCO PROJECT: THE RESISTANCE OF A PEOPLE . 24 V. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS. 41 VI. APPENDIX . 45 VI. BIBLIOGRAPHY . 49 CHILE THE MAPUCHE PEOPLE: BETWEEN OBLIVION AND EXCLUSION INDEX I. INTRODUCTION AND PRESENTATION OF THE MISSION . 4 II. CONTEXT . 6 1. GENERAL FACTS ON THE INDIGENOUS POPULATION . 6 2. THE RIGHTS OF INDIGENOUS PEOPLES IN CHILE . 8 III. FORESTRY EXPLOITATION: THE DESTRUCTION OF A PEOPLE AND THEIR ENVIRONMENT. 10 1. HISTORICAL BACKGROUND AND ORIGIN OF THE CURRENT CONFLICT. 10 2. REPRESSION OF THE MAPUCHE PEOPLE . 13 3. JUDICIAL PERSECUTION OF LEADERS AND MEMBERS WITHIN THE MAPUCHE COMMUNITIES. 16 4. OTHER CONSEQUENCES OF FORESTRY EXPLOITATION ON THE MAPUCHE PEOPLE. 19 IV. THE RALCO PROJECT: THE RESISTANCE OF A PEOPLE . 24 1. BACKGROUND ON THE RALCO HYDROELECTRIC POWER PLANT . 25 a) Endesa's Mega-Hydraulic Project: Technical and Financial Aspects b) The Pangue Plant, the Pehuén Foundation and Downing-Hair Reports 2. IRREGULARITIES OF FORM AND SUBSTANCE IN THE RALCO CONCESSION . 27 a) Environmental Authorization: The Agreement Between ENDESA and CONOMA b) The Exchange of Pehuenche Land and CONADI's Authorization c) The Illegal Electrical Concession of The Ralco project 3. EFFECTS OF THE RALCO CONSTRUCTION ON THE PEHUENCHES. 34 a) Represssion of the Affected Communities b) The PehuencheS Women4S Resistance V. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS. 41 VI.
    [Show full text]
  • Implementation of a Marine Protected Area in Chile: Consequences of Neglecting Local Socio- Cultural Factors
    Implementation of a marine protected area in Chile: consequences of neglecting local socio- cultural factors Daniela Serra Maggi A thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy At the University of Otago, Dunedin New Zealand April 2012 … To my family Abstract Through ethnographic enquiry and an anthropological approach this thesis provides insights into the socio-cultural dynamics surrounding local communities’ participation in a Multiple-Use Marine Protected Area (MUMPA). Using a broad range of sources, this research illustrates the different nuances of local relationships. The methodology included small-scale group settings facilitating an in-depth anthropological study that offers a privileged understanding of the social realm of MUMPAs. The assessment focuses on elements of Integrated Conservation Development Projects (ICDPs), employing Lafken Mapu Lahual (LML) MUMPA as a case study—in Chile—that shows the applicability of this type of project in a specific Latin American context. The research examines the reasons why inclusion of human aspects, including the implications of social and cultural characteristics, has not received much attention in Marine Protected Areas (MPAs). In addition, the consequences and effects of this exclusion are discussed. The analysis shows that the local reality is more complex than portrayed by the LML MUMPA staff, including their failure to adequately learn about the social and cultural way of organising, interests and history of local communities. This oversight hindered the local people’s engagement in the LML MUMPA. This thesis specifically addresses the project’s exacerbation of conflict over resource access between the indigenous communities included in the LML MUMPA project and the historical artisanal fishers that were excluded from it.
    [Show full text]
  • The Mapuche People in Post-Dictatorship Chile
    Études rurales 163-164 | 2002 Terre, territoire, appartenances The Mapuche People in Post-Dictatorship Chile Guillaume Boccara Electronic version URL: https://journals.openedition.org/etudesrurales/7984 DOI: 10.4000/etudesrurales.7984 ISSN: 1777-537X Publisher Éditions de l’EHESS Printed version Date of publication: 1 January 2002 Number of pages: 283-303 Electronic reference Guillaume Boccara, “The Mapuche People in Post-Dictatorship Chile”, Études rurales [Online], 163-164 | 2002, Online since 01 January 2004, connection on 07 September 2021. URL: http:// journals.openedition.org/etudesrurales/7984 ; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4000/etudesrurales.7984 © Tous droits réservés Cet article est disponible en ligne à l’adresse : http:/ / www.cairn.info/ article.php?ID_REVUE=ETRU&ID_ NUMPUBLIE=ETRU_163&ID_ARTICLE=ETRU_163_0283 The Mapuche People in Post-Dictatorship Chile par Guillaume BOCCARA | Éditions de l’EHESS | Ét udes rurales 2002/3-4 - N° 163-164 ISSN 0014-2182 | ISBN 2-7132-1793-8 | pages 283 à 303 Pour citer cet article : — Boccara G., The Mapuche People in Post-Dictatorship Chile, Études rurales 2002/ 3-4, N° 163-164, p. 283-303. Distribution électronique Cairn pour les Éditions de l’EHESS. © Éditions de l’EHESS. Tous droits réservés pour tous pays. La reproduction ou représentation de cet article, notamment par photocopie, n'est autorisée que dans les limites des conditions générales d'utilisation du site ou, le cas échéant, des conditions générales de la licence souscrite par votre établissement. Toute autre reproduction ou représentation, en tout ou partie, sous quelque forme et de quelque manière que ce soit, est interdite sauf accord préalable et écrit de l'éditeur, en dehors des cas prévus par la législation en vigueur en France.
    [Show full text]
  • UC Riverside Electronic Theses and Dissertations
    UC Riverside UC Riverside Electronic Theses and Dissertations Title Warrior Spirit: From Invasion to Fusion Music in the Mapuche Territory of Southern Chile Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1xg8s85n Author Rekedal, Jacob Eric Publication Date 2015 Peer reviewed|Thesis/dissertation eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA RIVERSIDE Warrior Spirit: From Invasion to Fusion Music in the Mapuche Territory of Southern Chile A Dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Music by Jacob Eric Rekedal March 2015 Dissertation Committee: Dr. Jonathan Ritter, Chairperson Dr. Deborah Wong Dr. René T.A. Lysloff Dr. Juliet McMullin Dr. Thomas C. Patterson Copyright by Jacob Eric Rekedal 2015 The Dissertation of Jacob Eric Rekedal is approved: Committee Chairperson University of California, Riverside ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Foremost, I thank God for the opportunity to do this kind of work. This dissertation bears my name, but it also bears the imprint of many generous individuals and several supporting institutions that made the project possible. A Humanities Graduate Student Research Grant from the University of California, Riverside financed a brief pilot research trip to southern Chile during 2008, as I finished my graduate coursework and prepared my dissertation proposal. From late 2009 until late 2010, I lived in Temuco and conducted fieldwork with a grant from the University of California Pacific Rim Research Program. Between March and December of 2011, I continued my fieldwork with a Fulbright IIE grant, including considerable local support from Fulbright’s staff in Chile. When I first arrived in Temuco for a two-week stay during September of 2008, Johanna Pérez of the non-profit organization Fundación Chol-Chol picked me up at the bus station, gave me a tour of the city and a home-cooked meal, and introduced me to the world of Mapuche artesanía.
    [Show full text]
  • A Cross-Sectional Analysis of Social-Ecological Indicators
    A CROSS-SECTIONAL ANALYSIS OF SOCIAL-ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS AND RESILIENCE ON THE ISLAND OF CHILOE, CHILE by ARIANA PITCHON (Under the Direction of Elois Ann Berlin) ABSTRACT As aquaculture gains prominence as a major economic industry, and as wild- capture fisheries decline, coastal communities on Chiloé Island in southern Chile are facing inevitable social-ecological change. This research provides a cross- sectional, proxy-longitudinal study of indicators of resilience in a coastal community on Chiloé that is undergoing a transformation from small-scale fisheries to wage labor in aquaculture firms. Systematic data collection and analysis revealed that maintaining a high degree of specific resilience indicators is more likely to occur among fishermen who do not become aquaculture employees, and that even higher scores resulted from fishermen who became members of a small-scale, native species aquaculture cooperative. This information can serve as a model for sustainable development strategies and resilience in other coastal communities facing transformations due to changing ecological and economic factors. INDEX WORDS: Resilience, Aquaculture, Fisheries, Common Pool Resources, Chile, Chiloé A CROSS-SECTIONAL ANALYSIS OF SOCIAL-ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS AND RESILIENCE ON THE ISLAND OF CHILOE, CHILE by ARIANA PITCHON M.A., Western Washington University, 2001 B.A., Colby College, 1994 A Dissertation Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of The University of Georgia in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY ATHENS, GEORGIA 2006 © 2006 Ariana Pitchon All Rights Reserved A CROSS-SECTIONAL ANALYSIS OF SOCIAL-ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS AND RESILIENCE ON THE ISLAND OF CHILOE, CHILE by ARIANA PITCHON Major Professor: Elois Ann Berlin Committee: E.
    [Show full text]
  • A History of the First Fifty Years of the Claretian Apostolate in Chile: 1870-1920. Ann Keith Nauman Louisiana State University and Agricultural & Mechanical College
    Louisiana State University LSU Digital Commons LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses Graduate School 1974 A History of the First Fifty Years of the Claretian Apostolate in Chile: 1870-1920. Ann Keith Nauman Louisiana State University and Agricultural & Mechanical College Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_disstheses Recommended Citation Nauman, Ann Keith, "A History of the First Fifty Years of the Claretian Apostolate in Chile: 1870-1920." (1974). LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses. 2750. https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_disstheses/2750 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at LSU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses by an authorized administrator of LSU Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. INFORMATION TO USERS This material was produced from a microfilm copy of the original document. While the most advanced technological means to photograph and reproduce this document have been used, the quality is heavily dependent upon the quality of the original subm itted. The following explanation of techniques is provided to help you understand markings or patterns which may appear on this reproduction. 1. The sign or "target" for pages apparently lacking from the document photographed is "Missing Page(s)". If it was possible to obtain the missing page(s) or section, they are spliced into the film along with adjacent pages. This may have necessitated cutting thru an image and duplicating adjacent pages to insure you complete continuity. 2. When an image on the film is obliterated with a large round black mark, it is an indication that the photographer suspected that the copy may have moved during exposure and thus cause a blurred image.
    [Show full text]