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ISSN 1313 - 8820 (Print) ISSN 1314 - 412X (Online) Volume 9, Number 3 September 2017 ISSN 1313 - 8820 (print) ISSN 1314 - 412X (online) Volume 9, Number 3 September 2017 2017 Editor-in-Chief Scope and policy of the journal editorial review and the editors reserve the Agricultural Science and Technology /AST/ right to improve style and return the paper Georgi Petkov – an International Scientific Journal of for rewriting to the authors, if necessary. Faculty of Agriculture Agricultural and Technology Sciences is The editorial board reserves rights to reject Trakia University, Stara Zagora published in English in one volume of 4 manuscripts based on priorities and space Bulgaria issues per year, as a printed journal and in availability in the journal. E-mail: [email protected] electronic form. The policy of the journal is The journal is committed to respect high to publish original papers, reviews and standards of ethics in the editing and Co-Editor-in-Chief short communications covering the reviewing process and malpractice aspects of agriculture related with life statement. Commitments of authors Dimitar Panayotov sciences and modern technologies. It will related to authorship are also very Faculty of Agriculture offer opportunities to address the global important for a high standard of ethics and Trakia University, Stara Zagora needs relating to food and environment, publishing. We follow closely the Bulgaria health, exploit the technology to provide Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE), innovative products and sustainable http://publicationethics.org/resources/guid Editors and Sections development. Papers will be considered in elines aspects of both fundamental and applied The articles appearing in this journal are Genetics and Breeding science in the areas of Genetics and indexed and abstracted in: DOI, EBSCO Breeding, Nutrition and Physiology, Publishing Inc., AGRIS (FAO) and DOAJ. Tsanko Yablanski (Bulgaria) Production Systems, Agriculture and The journal is accepted to be indexed with Atanas Atanasov (Bulgaria) Environment and Product Quality and the support of a project № BG051PO001- Svetlana Georgieva (Bulgaria) Safety. Other categories closely related to 3.3.05-0001 “Science and business” Nikolay Tsenov (Bulgaria) the above topics could be considered by financed by Operational Programme Max Rothschild (USA) the editors. The detailed information of the “Human Resources Development” of EU. Ihsan Soysal (Turkey) journal is available at the website. The title has been suggested to be Horia Grosu (Romania) Proceedings of scientific meetings and included in SCOPUS (Elsevier) and Stoicho Metodiev (Bulgaria) conference reports will be considered for Electronic Journals Submission Form Bojin Bojinov (Bulgaria) special issues. (Thomson Reuters). The journal is freely available without Nutrition and Physiology Submission of Manuscripts charge to the user or his/her institution. Users can read, download, copy, Nikolai Todorov (Bulgaria) There are no submission / handling / distribute, print, search, or link to the full Peter Surai (UK) publication charges. texts of the articles, or use them for any Ivan Varlyakov (Bulgaria) All manuscripts written in English should other lawful purpose, without asking prior George Zervas (Greece) be submitted as MS-Word file attachments permission from the publisher or the Vasil Pirgozliev (UK) via e-mail to [email protected]. author. Manuscripts must be prepared strictly in This issue is printed with the financial Production Systems accordance with the detailed instructions support by Contract No DNP 05- 21/20.12.2016, financed from Fund Radoslav Slavov (Bulgaria) for authors at the website 'Scientific Research' grant Bulgarian Dimitar Pavlov (Bulgaria) www.agriscitech.eu and the instructions Bogdan Szostak (Poland) on the last page of the journal. For each scientific Periodicals. Banko Banev (Bulgaria) manuscript the signatures of all authors Georgy Zhelyazkov (Bulgaria) are needed confirming their consent to Address of Editorial office: publish it and to nominate on author for Agricultural Science and Technology Agriculture and Environment correspondence. Faculty of Agriculture, Trakia University They have to be presented by a Student's campus, 6000 Stara Zagora Martin Banov (Bulgaria) submission letter signed by all authors. Bulgaria Peter Cornish (Australia) The form of the submission letter is Telephone: +359 42 699330 Vladislav Popov (Bulgaria) available upon from request from the +359 42 699446 Tarek Moussa (Egypt) Technical Assistance or could be www.agriscitech.eu downloaded from the website of the Product Quality and Safety journal. Manuscripts submitted to this Technical Assistance: journal are considered if they have Nely Tsvetanova Stefan Denev (Bulgaria) submitted only to it, they have not been Telephone: +359 42 699446 Vasil Atanasov (Bulgaria) published already, nor are they under E-mail: [email protected] Roumiana Tsenkova (Japan) consideration for publication in press elsewhere. All manuscripts are subject to English Editor Yanka Ivanova (Bulgaria) ISSN 1313 - 8820 (print) Volume 9, Number 3 ISSN 1314 - 412X (online) September 2017 2017 AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, VOL. 9, No 3, pp 185 - 189, 2017 DOI: 10.15547/ast.2017.03.033 Achievements and problems in the weed control in grain sorghum (Sorghum Bicolor Moench.) Gr. Delchev*, M. Georgiev 1Department of Plant Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Trakia University, 6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria (Manuscript received 28 November 2016; accepted for publication 21 March 2017) Abstract. Chemical control has emerged as the most efficient method of weed control. Herbicides combinations and tank mixtures of herbicides with adjuvants, fertilizers, growth regulators, fungicides, insecticides are more effective than when applied alone on sorghum crops. Their combined use often leads to high synergistic effect on yield. The use of herbicide antidotes for the treatment of seeds in sorghum is a safe way to overcome its high sensitivity to many herbicides. Data regarding herbicide for chemical control of annual graminaceous weeds in sorghum crops are quite scarce even worldwide. Problem is the persistence of some herbicides used in the predecessors on succeeding crops, which is directly related to the weather conditions during their degradation. Most of the information on sorghum relates to the conventional technology for weed control. There is no information about the new Concep technology in grain sorghum. A serious problem is also the volunteers of the Clearfield and Express sun sunflower. They have resistance to herbicides different from that of conventional sunflower hybrids. There is no information yet in scientific literature on control of these volunteers. Keywords: sorghum, herbicides, weeds control, grain yield, grain quality Introduction 2008). Herbicides of dicamba base successfully control annual and Weed infestation is the main limiting factor for the intensive perennial broadleaf weeds during the vegetation period of sorghum farming of grain sorghum (Adu Tutu and Drennan, 1991; Rapparini, (Awad et al., 1991). 1994; Rapparini et al., 1996; Limon-Ortega et al., 1998; Saayman, Volunteers of sorghum in soybean crops are controlled with 2002). Problems of weed control in sorghum are being investigated imazethapyr, imazaquin, clomazone and sethoxydim (Defelice, by many authors (Rosa Santos, 1985; Perez, 1986; Rodríguez and 1990; Peixoto and de Souza, 2002). Volunteers of sorghum in maize Manzanilla, 1986; Walker et al., 1991; Covarelli et al., 1993; Tom and crops are controlled with sulfonylurea herbicides, mainly Courtney, 1993; Wicks et al., 1994; Rapparini et al., 1994; James et primisulfuron and nicosulfuron (Rosales-Robles, 1993). al., 1995, 1999; Onofri, 1996; Casas et al., 1997; Herrera and Oscar, Kravtsov and Kotova (2006) after investigating the 1998; Rapparini, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005 and 2006; combinations of soil herbicides Trophy, Gezagard and Primextra Arau et al., 2001; Michel, 2001; Borona et al., 2002; Archangelo et with the foliar herbicide Agritox recommend as the most effective al., 2002; García, 2005; Tsuru et al., 2005). herbicide combination Gezagard + Agritox. Medrano et al. (1997) assessed the efficacy in weed control and selectivity in sorghum Weed control in sorghum crops recommended herbicide Sempra (halosulfuron-methyl) only used in a mixture with the herbicide Barnes (acetochlor). Pohlan and According to Ramirez and Socorro (1998) in sorghum it is more Salazar (1994) reported high efficacy of herbicides MCPA, cost-effective to proceed to minimum tillage and use of more mecoprop, dichlorprop, pendimethalin and terbutilizan in sorghum. herbicides. Hinz et al. (1997) investigating the metabolism of herbicides According to Wicks et al. (1988 and 1994) the most appropriate bentazone, nicosulfuron and primisulfuron in different maize and herbicides for crop rotation winter wheat:grain sorghum are: 1) Use sorghum hybrids found that maize is tolerant to all three herbicide of pendimethalin in the autumn - after sowing before emergence, but sorghum is tolerant only to bentazone. plus the application of 2.4-D in the spring - in tillering stage in winter The main problem in sorghum is its high sensitivity to wheat; 2) Treatment with glyphosate after harvest of the antigraminaceous herbicides, and therefore mechanical control of predecessor - in the stubble period, plus treatment of alachlor - after graminaceous weeds should be applied, but it increases the cost of sowing before emergence of the sorghum grain. Alachlor control and production. It is necessary
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