Analisis Struktur Komposisi Dan Fungsi Musik Bregada Dhaeng Di Keraton Kasultanan Yogyakarta
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ANALISIS STRUKTUR KOMPOSISI DAN FUNGSI MUSIK BREGADA DHAENG DI KERATON KASULTANAN YOGYAKARTA SKRIPSI Diajukan kepada Fakultas Bahasa dan Seni Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta untuk Memenuhi Sebagian Persyaratan guna Memperoleh Gelar Sarjana Pendidikan Oleh: DANANG ARI NUGRAHA 08208241019 JURUSAN PENDIDIKAN SENI MUSIK FAKULTAS BAHASA DAN SENI UNIVERSITAS NEGERI YOGYAKARTA 2013 MOTTO “ TIDAK ADA YANG TIDAK MUNGKIN “ PERSEMBAHAN Skripsi ini dipersembahkan untuk : Bapak Sutriyo ( Ayahnda ) Ibu Utik Lestari ( Ibunda ) Pakdhe Supradi Budhe Rahayu Alm. Eyang Marmo Wiyadi Alm. Eyang Samiyem v DAFTAR ISI Halaman HALAMAN JUDUL ................................................................................................ i HALAMAN PERSETUJUAN ................................................................................. ii HALAMAN PENGESAHAN .................................................................................. iii HALAMAN PERNYATAAN ................................................................................. iv HALAMAN MOTTO DAN PERSEMBAHAN ...................................................... v KATA PENGANTAR .............................................................................................. vi DAFTAR ISI ............................................................................................................ vii DAFTAR GAMBAR ............................................................................................... ix DAFTAR TABEL ................................................................................................... xi DAFTAR LAMPIRAN ........................................................................................... xii ABSTRAK .............................................................................................................. xiii BAB I PENDAHULUAN ....................................................................................... 1 A. Latar Belakang Masalah .............................................................................. 1 B. Identifikasi Masalah ..................................................................................... 6 C. Fokus Masalah ............................................................................................. 7 D. Tujuan Penelitian ......................................................................................... 7 E. Manfaat Penelitian ....................................................................................... 7 BAB II KAJIAN PUSTAKA ................................................................................. 9 A. Musik Bregada Dhaeng sebagai Genre Seni Tradisi ................................. 9 1. Hakikat Seni Tradisi ............................................................................. 9 2. Genre Musik Tradisi ............................................................................ 12 3. Fungsi Musik Tradisi ........................................................................... 18 B. Musik Bregada Dhaeng sebagai Sebuah Struktur ...................................... 21 1. Hakikat Komposisi Musikal ................................................................. 21 vii 2. Struktur Komposisi Musik .................................................................... 23 C. Penelitian yang Relevan ............................................................................... 36 D. Pertanyaan Penelitian ................................................................................... 37 BAB III METODE PENELITIAN ........................................................................... 38 A. Desain Penelitian ........................................................................................... 38 B. Setting Penelitian ........................................................................................... 39 C. Data Penelitian ............................................................................................... 40 D. Instrumen Penelitian ...................................................................................... 41 E. Teknik Pengumpulan Data ............................................................................ 42 1. Teknik Observasi ................................................................................... 42 2. Teknik Wawancara ................................................................................. 43 3. Teknik Dokumentasi ............................................................................... 45 F. Analisis Data .................................................................................................. 46 G. Triangulasi ...................................................................................................... 49 BAB IV STRUKTUR KOMPOSISI DAN FUNGSI MUSIK BREGADA DHAENG DI KERATON KASULTANAN YOGYAKARTA .................................... 51 A. Bregada Dhaeng ........................................................................................... 51 B. Analisis Struktur Komposisi Musik Bregada Dhaeng ................................. 64 C. Perpaduan Budaya Jawa, Makassar dan Eropa dalam Musik yang Dimainkan oleh Bregada Dhaeng ....................................................... 78 D. Fungsi Musik Bregada Dhaeng .................................................................. 84 BAB V PENUTUP .................................................................................................... 93 A. Kesimpulan ................................................................................................. 93 B. Keterbatasan Penelitian ............................................................................... 95 C. Saran ............................................................................................................ 96 DAFTAR PUSTAKA .............................................................................................. 98 DISKOGRAFI ......................................................................................................... 100 NARASUMBER ...................................................................................................... 101 LAMPIRAN .............................................................................................................. 103 viii DAFTAR GAMBAR Halaman Gambar I : Contoh repetisi ................................................................................ 25 Gambar II : Contoh sequence by rhythm ............................................................. 26 Gambar III : Contoh sekuens murni ...................................................................... 26 Gambar IV : Contoh pembesaran interval ............................................................. 27 Gambar V : Contoh pemerkecilan interval .......................................................... 27 Gambar VI : Contoh pembalikan (inversion) ........................................................ 28 Gambar VII : Contoh pembesaran nilai nada .......................................................... 28 Gambar VIII : Contoh pemerkecilan nilai nada ....................................................... 28 Gambar IX : Contoh retrogresi .............................................................................. 29 Gambar X : Interval .............................................................................................. 30 Gambar XI : Pakaian bregada ungel-ungelan Bregada Dhaeng .......................... 53 Gambar XII : Klebet Bahning Sari .......................................................................... 53 Gambar XIII : Dwaja Kanjeng Kyai Jatimulyo ........................................................ 53 Gambar XIV : Contoh partitur pola ritme tambur ................................................... 54 Gambar XV : Contoh partitur pola permainan tambur ........................................... 55 Gambar XVI : Tambur ............................................................................................. 56 Gambar XVII : Pemain tambur ................................................................................. 56 Gambar XVIII: Contoh partitur melodi suling .......................................................... 57 Gambar XIX : Pemain suling ................................................................................... 57 Gambar XX : Contoh partitur pola permainan bendhe ........................................... 58 Gambar XXI : Bendhe .............................................................................................. 59 Gambar XXII : Pemain bendhe ................................................................................. 59 Gambar XXIII: Contoh partitur pola ritme dhodhog dan ketipung .......................... 60 Gambar XXIV: Dhodhog dan ketipung .................................................................... 60 Gambar XXV : Pemain ketipung .............................................................................. 60 ix Gambar XXVI : Contoh partitur pola melodi pui-pui .......................................... 61 Gambar XXVII : Pemain pui-pui ........................................................................... 62 Gambar XXVIII : Contoh partitur pola ritme kecer ................................................ 63 Gambar XXIX : Pemain kecer ............................................................................. 63 Gambar XXX : Partitur Gendhing Ondhal-Andhil ............................................. 67 Gambar XXXI : Analisis struktur lagu pokok Gendhing Ondhal-Andhil .......... 70 Gambar XXXII : Partitur Gendhing Kenobo .......................................................