50Th Anniversary Science Symposium
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The Dynamics of Plutinos
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by CERN Document Server The dynamics of Plutinos Qingjuan Yu and Scott Tremaine Princeton University Observatory, Peyton Hall, Princeton, NJ 08544-1001, USA ABSTRACT Plutinos are Kuiper-belt objects that share the 3:2 Neptune resonance with Pluto. The long-term stability of Plutino orbits depends on their eccentric- ity. Plutinos with eccentricities close to Pluto (fractional eccentricity difference < ∆e=ep = e ep =ep 0:1) can be stable because the longitude difference librates, | − | ∼ in a manner similar to the tadpole and horseshoe libration in coorbital satellites. > Plutinos with ∆e=ep 0:3 can also be stable; the longitude difference circulates ∼ and close encounters are possible, but the effects of Pluto are weak because the encounter velocity is high. Orbits with intermediate eccentricity differences are likely to be unstable over the age of the solar system, in the sense that encoun- ters with Pluto drive them out of the 3:2 Neptune resonance and thus into close encounters with Neptune. This mechanism may be a source of Jupiter-family comets. Subject headings: planets and satellites: Pluto — Kuiper Belt, Oort cloud — celestial mechanics, stellar dynamics 1. Introduction The orbit of Pluto has a number of unusual features. It has the highest eccentricity (ep =0:253) and inclination (ip =17:1◦) of any planet in the solar system. It crosses Neptune’s orbit and hence is susceptible to strong perturbations during close encounters with that planet. However, close encounters do not occur because Pluto is locked into a 3:2 orbital resonance with Neptune, which ensures that conjunctions occur near Pluto’s aphelion (Cohen & Hubbard 1965). -
Significant Achievements in the Planetary Geology Program 1977-1978
NASA Contractor Report 3077 Significant Achievements in the Planetary Geology Program 1977-1978 DECEMBER 1978 NASA NASA Contractor Report 3077 Significant Achievements in the Planetary Geology Program 1977-1978 Prepared for NASA Office of Space Science NASA National Aeronautics and Space Administration Scientific and Technical Information Office 1978 James W. Head Editor Brown University Contributing Authors Fraser Fanale Elbert King Jet Propulsion Laboratory University of Houston Clark Chapman Paul Komar Planetary Science Institute Oregon State University Sean Solomon Gerald Schaber Massachusetts Institute of Technology U. S. Geological Survey Hugh Kieffer Roger Smith University of California-Los Angeles University of Houston James Stephens Mike Mai in Jet Propulsion Laboratory Jet Propulsion Laboratory Ray Batson Alex Woronow U. S. Geological Survey University of Arizona ii Table of Contents Introduction v Constraints on Solar System Formation 1 Asteroids, Comets, and Satellites 5 Constraints on Planetary Interiors 13 Volatiles and Regolith 16 Instrument Development Techniques 21 Planetary Cartography 23 Geological and Geochemical Constraints on Planetary Evolution 24 Fluvial Processes and Channel Formation 28 Volcanic Processes 35 Eolian Processes 38 Radar Studies of Planetary Surfaces 44 Cratering as a Process, Landform, and Dating Method 46 Workshop on the Tharsis Region of Mars 49 Planetary Geology Field Conference on Eolian Processes 52 Report of the Crater Analysis Techniques Working Group 53 111 Introduction The 9th annual meeting of the Planetary Geology Program Principal Investigators was held May 31 - June 2, 1978 in Tucson, Arizona at the University of Arizona. The papers presented there represented the high points of research carried out in the Planetary Geology Program of NASA's Office of Space Science, Division of Planetary Programs. -
Unseen 'Planetary Mass Object' Signalled by Warped Kuiper Belt 22 June 2017, by Daniel Stolte
Unseen 'planetary mass object' signalled by warped Kuiper Belt 22 June 2017, by Daniel Stolte orbital tilts (inclinations) that average out to what planetary scientists call the invariable plane of the solar system, the most distant of the Kuiper Belt's objects do not. Their average plane, Volk and Malhotra discovered, is tilted away from the invariable plane by about eight degrees. In other words, something unknown is warping the average orbital plane of the outer solar system. "The most likely explanation for our results is that there is some unseen mass," says Volk, a postdoctoral fellow at LPL and the lead author of the study. "According to our calculations, something A yet to be discovered, unseen "planetary mass object" as massive as Mars would be needed to cause the makes its existence known by ruffling the orbital plane of warp that we measured." distant Kuiper Belt objects, according to research by Kat Volk and Renu Malhotra of the UA's Lunar and Planetary The Kuiper Belt lies beyond the orbit of Neptune Laboratory. The object is pictured on a wide orbit far and extends to a few hundred Astronomical Units, beyond Pluto in this artist's illustration. Credit: Heather or AU, with one AU representing the distance Roper/LPL between Earth and the sun. Like its inner solar system cousin, the asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter, the Kuiper Belt hosts a vast number of minor planets, mostly small icy bodies (the An unknown, unseen "planetary mass object" may precursors of comets), and a few dwarf planets. lurk in the outer reaches of our solar system, according to new research on the orbits of minor For the study, Volk and Malhotra analyzed the tilt planets to be published in the Astronomical angles of the orbital planes of more than 600 Journal. -
1 Resonant Kuiper Belt Objects
Resonant Kuiper Belt Objects - a Review Renu Malhotra Lunar and Planetary Laboratory, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA Email: [email protected] Abstract Our understanding of the history of the solar system has undergone a revolution in recent years, owing to new theoretical insights into the origin of Pluto and the discovery of the Kuiper belt and its rich dynamical structure. The emerging picture of dramatic orbital migration of the planets driven by interaction with the primordial Kuiper belt is thought to have produced the final solar system architecture that we live in today. This paper gives a brief summary of this new view of our solar system's history, and reviews the astronomical evidence in the resonant populations of the Kuiper belt. Introduction Lying at the edge of the visible solar system, observational confirmation of the existence of the Kuiper belt came approximately a quarter-century ago with the discovery of the distant minor planet (15760) Albion (formerly 1992 QB1, Jewitt & Luu 1993). With the clarity of hindsight, we now recognize that Pluto was the first discovered member of the Kuiper belt. The current census of the Kuiper belt includes more than 2000 minor planets at heliocentric distances between ~30 au and ~50 au. Their orbital distribution reveals a rich dynamical structure shaped by the gravitational perturbations of the giant planets, particularly Neptune. Theoretical analysis of these structures has revealed a remarkable dynamic history of the solar system. The story is as follows (see Fernandez & Ip 1984, Malhotra 1993, Malhotra 1995, Fernandez & Ip 1996, and many subsequent works). -
A Geochemist in His Garden of Eden
A GEOCHEMIST IN HIS GARDEN OF EDEN WALLY BROECKER 2016 ELDIGIO PRESS Table of Contents Chapter 1 Pages Introduction ................................................................................................................. 1-13 Chapter 2 Paul Gast and Larry Kulp ......................................................................................... 14-33 Chapter 3 Phil Orr...................................................................................................................... 34-49 Chapter 4 230Th Dating .............................................................................................................. 50-61 Chapter 5 Mono Lake ................................................................................................................ 62-77 Chapter 6 Bahama Banks .......................................................................................................... 78-92 Chapter 7 Doc Ewing and his Vema ........................................................................................ 93-110 Chapter 8 Heezen and Ewing ................................................................................................ 111-121 Chapter 9 GEOSECS ............................................................................................................. 122-138 Chapter 10 The Experimental Lakes Area .............................................................................. 139-151 Table of Contents Chapter 11 Sea Salt ................................................................................................................. -
Orbital Resonances and Chaos in the Solar System
Solar system Formation and Evolution ASP Conference Series, Vol. 149, 1998 D. Lazzaro et al., eds. ORBITAL RESONANCES AND CHAOS IN THE SOLAR SYSTEM Renu Malhotra Lunar and Planetary Institute 3600 Bay Area Blvd, Houston, TX 77058, USA E-mail: [email protected] Abstract. Long term solar system dynamics is a tale of orbital resonance phe- nomena. Orbital resonances can be the source of both instability and long term stability. This lecture provides an overview, with simple models that elucidate our understanding of orbital resonance phenomena. 1. INTRODUCTION The phenomenon of resonance is a familiar one to everybody from childhood. A very young child is delighted in a playground swing when an older companion drives the swing at its natural frequency and rapidly increases the swing amplitude; the older child accomplishes the same on her own without outside assistance by driving the swing at a frequency twice that of its natural frequency. Resonance phenomena in the Solar system are essentially similar – the driving of a dynamical system by a periodic force at a frequency which is a rational multiple of the natural frequency. In fact, there are many mathematical similarities with the playground analogy, including the fact of nonlinearity of the oscillations, which plays a fundamental role in the long term evolution of orbits in the planetary system. But there is also an important difference: in the playground, the child adjusts her driving frequency to remain in tune – hence in resonance – with the natural frequency which changes with the amplitude of the swing. Such self-tuning is sometimes realized in the Solar system; but it is more often and more generally the case that resonances come-and-go. -
ASK the Academy Volume 3 Anthology
ASK THE ACADEMY VOLUME 3 ANTHOLOGY TABLE OF CONTENTS ABOUT ASK THE ACADEMY ..................................................................................................... 5 MESSAGES FROM THE ACADEMY DIRECTOR .......................................................................... 7 THE POWER OF A VISION .................................................................................................. 7 T RENDS IN PROJECT MANAGEMENT ................................................................................. 7 KNOWLEDGE EXPLOSION ................................................................................................... 8 LESSONS FROM TORINO .................................................................................................... 9 C HANGE MANAGEMENT AND ADAPTIVE CHALLENGES .................................................... 9 V IRTUAL PROJECT TEAMS AND LEARNING ..................................................................... 10 THE GOOD IDEA PARADOX .............................................................................................. 11 ACADEMY BRIEFS .................................................................................................................... 13 PM CHALLENGE LEADERSHIP ROUNDUP ....................................................................... 13 PM CHALLENGE INTERNATIONAL FORUM ROUNDUP .................................................... 14 J EAN-JACQUES DORDAIN ON GLOBAL OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES ................ 15 M ASTERS WITH MASTERS EVENT HIGHLIGHTS INTERNATIONAL -
Abstract Volume
T I I II I II I I I rl I Abstract Volume LPI LPI Contribution No. 1097 II I II III I • • WORKSHOP ON MERCURY: SPACE ENVIRONMENT, SURFACE, AND INTERIOR The Field Museum Chicago, Illinois October 4-5, 2001 Conveners Mark Robinbson, Northwestern University G. Jeffrey Taylor, University of Hawai'i Sponsored by Lunar and Planetary Institute The Field Museum National Aeronautics and Space Administration Lunar and Planetary Institute 3600 Bay Area Boulevard Houston TX 77058-1113 LPI Contribution No. 1097 Compiled in 2001 by LUNAR AND PLANETARY INSTITUTE The Institute is operated by the Universities Space Research Association under Contract No. NASW-4574 with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Material in this volume may be copied without restraint for library, abstract service, education, or personal research purposes; however, republication of any paper or portion thereof requires the written permission of the authors as well as the appropriate acknowledgment of this publication .... This volume may be cited as Author A. B. (2001)Title of abstract. In Workshop on Mercury: Space Environment, Surface, and Interior, p. xx. LPI Contribution No. 1097, Lunar and Planetary Institute, Houston. This report is distributed by ORDER DEPARTMENT Lunar and Planetary institute 3600 Bay Area Boulevard Houston TX 77058-1113, USA Phone: 281-486-2172 Fax: 281-486-2186 E-mail: order@lpi:usra.edu Please contact the Order Department for ordering information, i,-J_,.,,,-_r ,_,,,,.r pA<.><--.,// ,: Mercury Workshop 2001 iii / jaO/ Preface This volume contains abstracts that have been accepted for presentation at the Workshop on Mercury: Space Environment, Surface, and Interior, October 4-5, 2001. -
Lunar Impact Basins Revealed by Gravity Recovery and Interior
Lunar impact basins revealed by Gravity Recovery and Interior Laboratory measurements Gregory Neumann, Maria Zuber, Mark Wieczorek, James Head, David Baker, Sean Solomon, David Smith, Frank Lemoine, Erwan Mazarico, Terence Sabaka, et al. To cite this version: Gregory Neumann, Maria Zuber, Mark Wieczorek, James Head, David Baker, et al.. Lunar im- pact basins revealed by Gravity Recovery and Interior Laboratory measurements. Science Advances , American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS), 2015, 1 (9), pp.e1500852. 10.1126/sci- adv.1500852. hal-02458613 HAL Id: hal-02458613 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02458613 Submitted on 26 Jun 2020 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. RESEARCH ARTICLE PLANETARY SCIENCE 2015 © The Authors, some rights reserved; exclusive licensee American Association for the Advancement of Science. Distributed Lunar impact basins revealed by Gravity under a Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial License 4.0 (CC BY-NC). Recovery and Interior Laboratory measurements 10.1126/sciadv.1500852 Gregory A. Neumann,1* Maria T. Zuber,2 Mark A. Wieczorek,3 James W. Head,4 David M. H. Baker,4 Sean C. Solomon,5,6 David E. Smith,2 Frank G. -
PS Skill Sheets.Book
Skill and Practice Worksheets CPO Focus on Physical Science Skill and Practice Worksheets Credits Project Manager and Principal Writer Laine Ives Writers Scott W. Eddleman Mary Beth Abel Hughes Erik Benton Patsy Eldridge Tom Hsu Mary Ann Erickson Sonja Taylor Catherine Reed Kelly Story Laura Tierney Sharon Faulkner Beverly Vissoe Melissa Vela Jill Elenbaas Lisa Laverdiere James Sammons Fran Lyons Sammons Becky Porter Stacy Kissel Leslie Sheen - Graphic Organizers Patricia Tremblay Graphic Artists Polly Crisman Jesse Van Valkenburgh Bruce Holloway CPO Focus on Physical Science Teacher’s Resource CD 1 Copyright 2007 Delta Education LLC, a member of the School Specialty Family ISBN-10: 1-58892-297-9 ISBN-13: 978-1-58892-297-7 All rights reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by an means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and recording, or by any information store or retrieval system, without permission in writing. For permission and other rights under this copyright, please contact: CPO Science 80 Northwest Boulevard Nashua, NH 03063 (866)588-6951 http://www.cposcience.com Produced in the United States of America Contents 1.1: Using Your Textbook 4.2B: Buoyancy 1.2A: Stopwatch Math 4.2C: Archimedes’ Principle 1.2B: SI Units 6.1A: Ernest Rutherford 1.2C: SI-English Conversions 6.1B: Niels Bohr 1.2D: Dimensional Analysis 6.1C: Marie and Pierre Curie 1.2E: Reading Strategies (SQ3R) 6.1D: Rosalyn Sussman Yalow 1.3A: Study Notes 6.1E: Atoms, Isotopes, and Ions 1.3B: James Prescott Joule 6.2A: -
Extending the Frontiers of Science
Summer SS PP EE CC TT RR AA 2000 THE NEWSLETTER OF THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTION Extending the Frontiers of Science Above is the Carnegie Observatories’ official first-day envelope and cancellation for the Edwin P. Hubble commemorative stamps. The envelope features the young Hubble at the 100-inch Mount Wilson telescope. INSIDE: New Board Members ................................................. 2 Fruit Fly Genome Sequenced .................................... 9 Signatures of Life—Carnegie Evening 2000 ........... 3 Algae at the Desert Lab? ............................................. 9 Honoring Hubble .......................................................... 4 Watery Mars ................................................................10 One Little Cell with Lots to Tell................................ 5 New Reading................................................................10 Magellan I Mirror Is In! ................................................ 8 Web Watch...................................................................16 Department of Department of Department of The Geophysical CASE/ Plant Biology Terrestrial Magnetism Embryology Observatories Laboratory First Light LETTER FROM THE CHAIRMAN Carnegie has been in human diseases. This means that as environments. Ultimately all of this work the business of science scientists learn more about gene function in will help to improve the planet’s long-term for almost one hundred the fruit fly, they will learn more about habitability. years. When we reflect curing illnesses in people. -
Nscort/Exobiology
NASA SPECIALIZED CENTER OF RESEARCH AND TRAINING (NSCORT) IN EXOBIOLOGY 2004 FINAL REPORT THE C"RY OF EARLY SELF-REPLICATING SYS'IBMS (NASA NAG 5-12849) NSCORTEXOBIOLOGY - A CONSORTIUM OF: THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO THE SALK INSTITUTE FOR BIOLOGICAL STUDIES THE SCRIPPS RESEARCH INSTITUTE LA JOLLA, CALIFORNIA NSCORT / EXOBIOLOGY University of California, San Diego La Job, California 2004 F'INAL REPORT THE CHEMISTRY OF EARLY SELF-REPLICATING SYSTEMS (NASA NAG 5-12849) February 1,2003 through December 31,2004 Respectfully submitted by: Director, NSCORTExobiology Scripps Institution of Oceanography University of California, San Diego La Jolla, California 92093-0212B Phone: 858-534-4258; Fax: 858-534-2674 Email: [email protected] NSCORT/EXOBIOLOGY 2004 F"AL REPORT THE CHEMISTRY OF EARLY SELF-REPLICATING SYSTEMS (NASA NAG 5- 12849) February 1,2003 through December 3 1,2004 TABLE OF CONTENTS page Summary of Activities .................................................................................................. 2 References .................................................................................................................... 10 Publications.................................................................................................................... 3 5 1 NSCORT/EXO3IOLOGY 2004 F"AL REPORT THE CHEMISTRY OF EARLY SELF-REPLICATING SYSTEMS (NASANAG 5-12849) February 1,2003 through December 31,2004 Summary of Activities Program The NASA Specialized Center of Research and Training in Exobiology (NSCORTExobiology) is a program within the University of California, San Diego, California Space Institute (Dr. Wolfgang Berger, Director). It has been funded by two 5-year Federal Demonstration Project Grants fiom NASA; and currently (February 1,2003-December 3 1,2004) received supplemental funding to support our researck completion of the NAG 5-4546 Final Report for past 5 years, seminars, public lectures, and support for program administrative office. The program's specific aims have been: 1.