The Languages of the Andes
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The Genus Anadenanthera in Amerindian Cultures
THE GENUS ANADENANTHERA IN AMERINDIAN CULTURES BY SIRI VON REIS ALTSCHUL, PH .D. RESEARCH FELLOW BOTANICAL MUSEUM HARVARD UNIVERSITY CAMBRIDGE, MASSACHUSETTS 1972 This monograph is dedicated in affectionate memory to the late DANIEL HERBERT EFRON, PH.D., M.D. 1913-1972 cherished friend of the author and of the Botanical Museum, a true scientist devoted to the interdisciplinary approach in the advancement of knowledge. A/""'f""'<J liz {i>U<// t~ },~u 0<<J4 ~ If;. r:J~ ~ //"'~uI ~ ()< d~ ~ !dtd't;:..1 "./.u.L .A Vdl0 If;;: ~ '" OU'''-k4 :/" tu-d ''''''"-''t2.. ?,,".jd,~ jft I;ft'- ?_rl; A~~ ~r'4tft,t -5 " q,.,<,4 ~~ l' #- /""/) -/~ "1'Ii;. ,1""", "/'/1'1",, I X C"'-r'fttt. #) (../..d ~;, . W,( ~ ~ f;r"'" y it;.,,J 11/" Y 4J.. %~~ l{jr~ t> ~~ ~txh '1'ix r 4 6~" c/<'T'''(''-;{' rn« ?.d ~;;1';;/ a-.d txZ-~ ~ ;o/~ <A.H-iz "" ~".,/( 1-/X< "..< ,:" -.... ~ ~ . JJlr-0? on . .it-(,0.1' r 4 -11<.1.- aw./{') -:JL. P7t;;"j~;1 S .d-At ;0~/lAQ<..t ,ti~?,f,.... vj "7rU<-'- ~I""" =iiR-I1;M~ a....k«<-l, ¢- f!!) d..;.:~ M ~ ~y£/1 ~/.u..-... It'--, "" # :Z:-,k. "i ~ "d/~ efL<.<~/ ,w 1'#,') /';~~;d-t a;.. tlArl-<7'" I .Ii;'~.1 (1(-;.,} >Lc -(l"7C),.,..,;.. :.... ,,:/ ~ /-V,~ , ,1" # (i F'"' l' fJ~~A- (.tG- ~/~ Z:--7Co- ,,:. ,L7r= f,-, , ~t) ahd-p;: fJ~ / tr>d .4 ~f- $. b".,,1 ~/. ~ pd. 1'7'-· X ~-t;;;;.,~;z jM ~0Y:tJ;; ~ """.,4? br;K,' ./.n.u" ~ 7r .".,.~,j~ ;;f;tT ~ ..4'./ ;pf,., tJd~ M_~ (./I<'/~.'. IU. et. c./,. ~L.y !f-t.<H>:t;.tu ~ ~,:,-,p., .....:. -
Origins and Diversity of Aymara How and Why Is Aymara Different in Different Regions?
Origins and Diversity of Aymara How and Why is Aymara Different in Different Regions? Contents Is Aymara Alone? Aymara and Quechua The Aymara Language Family ‘Southern’ or ‘Altiplano’ Aymara Central Aymara: Jaqaru and Kawki Differences Between Central and Southern Aymara Is There a ‘Correct’ Aymara? The Origins of Aymara: Where and When? Which Civilisations Spoke Aymara? How to Find Out More If you want to print out this text, we recommend our printable versions either in .pdf format : A4 paper size or Letter paper size or in Microsoft Word format : A4 paper size or Letter paper size Back to Contents Origins and Diversity of Aymara www.quechua.org.uk/Sounds Paul Heggarty [of 12 ] – 1 – Back to Contents – Skip to Next: Aymara & Quechua Is Aymara Alone? The language that is normally called ‘Aymara’ is well-known to be spoken in much of the Altiplano , the ‘high plain’ at an altitude of around 4000 m that covers much of western Bolivia and the far south of Peru. Aymara is spoken all around the region of the Bolivian capital La Paz, and further north to Lake Titicaca, the famous archaeological site of Tiwanaku, and into the southernmost regions of Peru, around Huancané, Puno and Moquegua. South of La Paz, Aymara is spoken in the Oruro and Poopó regions and beyond, across the wild and beautiful border areas into northern Chile. What is much less well-known, however, is that this Altiplano Aymara is not alone! A language of the very same family is spoken almost a thousand kilometres further north, in central Peru, in the semi-desert mountains of the province of Yauyos , not far south and inland from Lima. -
Historiografía De Las Penas Privativas De La Libertad En Colombia
ADVERTIMENT. Lʼaccés als continguts dʼaquesta tesi queda condicionat a lʼacceptació de les condicions dʼús establertes per la següent llicència Creative Commons: http://cat.creativecommons.org/?page_id=184 ADVERTENCIA. El acceso a los contenidos de esta tesis queda condicionado a la aceptación de las condiciones de uso establecidas por la siguiente licencia Creative Commons: http://es.creativecommons.org/blog/licencias/ WARNING. The access to the contents of this doctoral thesis it is limited to the acceptance of the use conditions set by the following Creative Commons license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/?lang=en UNIVERSIDAD AUTÓNOMA DE BARCELONA Tesis Doctoral Doctorado en Derecho Facultad de Derecho HISTORIOGRAFÍA DE LAS PENAS PRIVATIVAS DE LA LIBERTAD EN COLOMBIA Diego Alonso Arias Ramírez Directora de Tesis Doctora. María José Rodríguez Puerta Mayo de 2019 Firmas María José Rodríguez Puerta Diego Alonso Arias Ramírez Directora de Tesis Estudiante ÍNDICE INTRODUCCIÓN ........................................................................................................................ 5 Capítulo I ................................................................................................................................ 13 1. CONJETURAS GENEALÓGICAS SOBRE LOS DELITOS Y LAS PENAS EN LOS PUEBLOS ABORÍGENES COLOMBIANOS ....................................................................................................................... 13 1.1. Apuntes preliminares ....................................................................................................... -
Forms and Functions of Negation in Huaraz Quechua (Ancash, Peru): Analyzing the Interplay of Common Knowledge and Sociocultural Settings
Forms and Functions of Negation in Huaraz Quechua (Ancash, Peru): Analyzing the Interplay of Common Knowledge and Sociocultural Settings Dissertation zur Erlangung des Grades eines Doktors der Philosophie am Fachbereich Geschichts- und Kulturwissenschaften der Freien Universität Berlin vorgelegt von Cristina Villari aus Verona (Italien) Berlin 2017 1. Gutachter: Prof. Dr. Michael Dürr 2. Gutachterin: Prof. Dr. Ingrid Kummels Tag der Disputation: 18.07.2017 To Ani and Leonel III Acknowledgements I wish to thank my teachers, colleagues and friends who have provided guidance, comments and encouragement through this process. I gratefully acknowledge the support received for this project from the Stiftung Lateinamerikanische Literatur. Many thanks go to my first supervisor Prof. Michael Dürr for his constructive comments and suggestions at every stage of this work. Many of his questions led to findings presented here. I am indebted to him for his precious counsel and detailed review of my drafts. Many thanks also go to my second supervisor Prof. Ingrid Kummels. She introduced me to the world of cultural anthropology during the doctoral colloquium at the Latin American Institute at the Free University of Berlin. The feedback she and my colleagues provided was instrumental in composing the sociolinguistic part of this work. I owe enormous gratitude to Leonel Menacho López and Anita Julca de Menacho. In fact, this project would not have been possible without their invaluable advice. During these years of research they have been more than consultants; Quechua teachers, comrades, guides and friends. With Leonel I have discussed most of the examples presented in this dissertation. It is only thanks to his contributions that I was able to explain nuances of meanings and the cultural background of the different expressions presented. -
Historia Del Mundo Hisp Ánico
HISTORIA DEL MUNDO HISPÁNICO 503 cultura, arquitectura). Los distintos apartados han sido redactados por Flo rentmo Perez-EmbId, Josefina ROdrIguez, Amalio García-Arias, Alfredo Mar queríe, Jesús Fernández Santos, Enrique Franco y Joaquín de la Puente. R. O. 28266. TORRE. GUILLERMO DE: Literatura y crisis. - «Papeles de Son Arma- dans» (Madrid-Palma de Mallorca), IV, núm. XII (1957), 273-284. Consideraciones en torno de la actual quiebra del concepto de literatura como tal, considerada en su autonomía, sus medios y su alcance.-J. Ms. 28267. GOYTISOLO, JUAN: Carta de Francia. - «Papeles de Son Armadans» (Madrid - Palma de Mallorca), IX, núm. 25 (958), 11-l4. Se pone de manifiesto el creciente interes que demuestra Francia por la lite ratura española más reciente, comentando la colección de novelas que prepa ra la editorial Gallimard, ya iniciada, y el número de la revista «Europa» dedicado a España (IHE n.O 28075; cf. también n.O 28076). - J. Ms. 28268. ALEIXANDRE, VICENTE: Nuevas figuras. - «Papeles de Son Armadansll (Madrid-Palma de Mallorca), V, núm. XIII (1957), 41-58. Retratos literarios de tres poetas castellanos jóvenes: José Hierro, Carlos Bousoño y BIas de Otero. -- J. Ms. 28269. LoRDA ALAIz. F. M.: Carta de Inglaterra. - «Papeles de Son Arma- dans» (Madrid-Palma de Mallorca), Vil, núm. 30 (1957), 35-39. Noticia de la traducción inglesa por Pearse Hutchinson de tres poemas de Salvador Espriu en «The London Magazine», vol. IV, núm. 9. - J. Ms. 28270. TORRENTE BALLESTER. GONZALO: Teatro español contémporáneo. - Edi torial Guadarrama (Col. «Crítica y Ensayo», núm. 5). - Madrid, 1957. 338 p. (20 x 14). -
Mingas-De-La-Palabra.Pdf" URL Reconocimiento-No Comercial-Sin Derivadas CC BY-NC-ND Licencia
Mingas de la palabra : textualidades oralitegráficas y visiones de cabeza en las Titulo oralituras y literaturas indígenas contemporáneas Rocha Vivas, Miguel - Autor/a; Autor(es) La Habana Lugar Fondo Editorial Casa de las Américas Editorial/Editor 2016 Fecha Colección Comunidades indígenas; Literatura; Oralidad; Analfabetismo; América Latina; Temas Colombia; Libro Tipo de documento "http://biblioteca.clacso.org/Cuba/casa/20200419041222/Mingas-de-la-palabra.pdf" URL Reconocimiento-No Comercial-Sin Derivadas CC BY-NC-ND Licencia http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.0/deed.es Segui buscando en la Red de Bibliotecas Virtuales de CLACSO http://biblioteca.clacso.org Consejo Latinoamericano de Ciencias Sociales (CLACSO) Conselho Latino-americano de Ciências Sociais (CLACSO) Latin American Council of Social Sciences (CLACSO) www.clacso.org Fondo Editorial Casa de las Américas Fondo Editorial Casa de las Américas Fondo Editorial Casa de las Américas Fondo Editorial Casa de las Américas Edición: Nisleidys Flores Diseño: Ricardo Rafael Villares Corrección: Gilda María Fernández Chaviano e Iris Cano Diagramación: Luis Moya © Miguel Rocha Vivas, 2016 © Sobre la presente edición: Fondo Editorial Casa de las Américas, 2016 ISBN 978-959-260-491-9 Fondo Editorial Casa de las Américas FONDO EDITORIAL CASA DE LAS AMÉRICAS casa 3ra. y G, El Vedado, La Habana, Cuba www.casadelasamericas.com Para Alelí. En homenaje a los migrantes hispanos e indígenas en Carolina del Norte. En memoria de Steven Heller, arquitecto de la amistad entre mundos. Fondo Editorial Casa de las Américas AGRADECIMIENTOS LA VERSIÓN ORIGINAL de este libro se escribió como trabajo doctoral con el apoyo del Departamento de Romance Studies de la Univer- sidad de Carolina del Norte (UNC) en Chapel Hill. -
Parte Primera Iii Historia Jeneral.Pdf (3.044Mb)
.4 DI J%OOBAJIA. 27 Mencionaremos ademas la villa do .Gtjntras, fun- dada por Aldana ¡ Robledo en 1542 en 1S cabeceras del Anserma, el villorrio de Morga—A mpudia, de los primeramente fundados, i Agreda o Málaganueva en tierra de Pasto, en paraje de las tribus pichilimbies 1 cuiles. • Por desgracia la mayor parte de estas fundaciones no tuso buen éxito, unas veces por lo insalubre del clima, i otras por la tenacidad de los , indios en des- truirlas o hacer la guarra a los avecindados en ellas. M. BISTORTA JtNflAL. El gran territorio que lleva hoi el nombro de Es- tados Unidos de Colombia, no formaba ántes ni al tiempo del descubrimiento un solo pais, esto ea, una rejion determinada i sometida a un mismo gobierno. Rabia en él tantos paises como tribus indíjenas, las cuales vivian aisladas unas do otras; o manteniendo cuando une mui lijeras relaciones de comercio. Cada tribu sembraba lo necesario para vivir (por lo comun maiz, papas, yucas &c.); algunas tejiau mantas de algodon, de que se vestían; i otras vivían desnudas, pintado el cuerpo de colores brillantes i sin mas adorno que brazaletes i cintillos de oro. No co- nocian el uso del hierro; sus casas eran de bahareque, i a veces tambien las copas mismas de los árboles, en las que viviafr como monos. Sus jefes eran absolutos; ¡ tenian sacerdotes, que eran tambien sus médicos ¡ adivinos. Adoraban a los astros i a los ídolos que fabricaban de oro, madera o piedra, representando animales u objetos. Eran bastante dados a la embria- guez con los licores que fabricaban del maiz, i ente- rraban los muertos con parte de sus riquezas i con algunas provisiones para su sustento, lo que prueba que tenian una idea, aunque grosera, de la imnórt.a- 4 lidad. -
Some Data and Considerations from Canada and Bolivia
BISAL 1, 2006, 107-128 Indigenous Identity and Language: Some Considerations from Bolivia and Canada * Itesh Sachdev School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London, London, UK Denise Y. Arnold and Juan de Dios Yapita** Universidad PIEB and Instituto de Lengua y Cultura Aymara, La Paz, Bolivia ______________________________________________________________ Abstract The focus of this paper is on indigenous identity and language in Bolivia and Canada. In both these contexts there is great reluctance to treating indigenous peoples as those with internationally recognised juridical rights. The original inhabitants of North and South America have been referred to by a variety of labels (stemming from their distinct colonial histories) including “Native,” “Indian,” “Indigenous,” “First Nations,” etc. These group labels, when chosen and/or accepted, represent core symbols of culture and express meaningful identities. Moreover, identity may be formed, experienced and communicated through such labels. Education is an important means by which such labels are accepted and identities are formed. In this paper the relationship between identity, language and education is explored amongst indigenous communities in Bolivia and Canada. The Bolivian situation, where Aymara and Quechua speakers constitute a majority of the population, and where Spanish is replacing these languages at the national level, is discussed first with reference to the appropriateness of the language education policies and identification. The Canadian situation, where indigenous peoples are in a small minority, and where English and French are the national languages, is considered next. The discussion is extended and complemented by a small-scale social psychological study in Bolivia (amongst Aymara in Tiwanaku) and Canada (amongst Fisher River Cree in Manitoba and Haida in British Columbia). -
Semantic Transparency in the Lowland Quechua Morphosyntax
Semantic transparency in Lowland Ecuadorian Quechua morphosyntax1 PIETER MUYSKEN Abstract In this paper the properties of Lowland Ecuadorian Quechua, a possibly pidginized variety from this Andean indigenous language family, are eval- uated in the light of the semantic-transparency hypothesis. It is argued that the typological perspective created by looking at a wider range of languages brings some of the basic ideas developed for creole languages into focus. 1. Introduction One of Pieter Seuren’s contributions to the field of creole studies has been the idea that creoles somehow represent semantically transparent structures, as a result of their special history. Together with the late Herman Wekker, Seuren has particularly elaborated this idea in their joint 1986 paper. The dimensions of semantic transparency proposed by Seuren and Wekker (1986: 64) are uniformity, universality, and simplicity. Furthermore, Pieter Seuren has repeatedly stressed the importance of typological considerations, most recently in his Western Linguistics (1998). In this brief paper I will start to illustrate the workings of the principle of semantic transparency for the possibly pidginized Quechua of the Amazonian lowlands of eastern Ecuador, Lowland Ecuadorian Quechua (LEQ). This variety has been described by Leonardi (1966) and Mugica (1967) and is represented in texts gathered by Oberem and Hartmann (1971), but the present paper is based mostly on my own fieldwork in Arajuno (Tena province). Quechua is spoken (by more than eight million speakers) mostly in rural areas of the highlands of Bolivia, Peru, and Ecuador, but small pockets of speakers are also found on the slopes of the Amazon basin of Peru, Colombia, Bolivia, and Ecuador. -
Languages of the Middle Andes in Areal-Typological Perspective: Emphasis on Quechuan and Aymaran
Languages of the Middle Andes in areal-typological perspective: Emphasis on Quechuan and Aymaran Willem F.H. Adelaar 1. Introduction1 Among the indigenous languages of the Andean region of Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, northern Chile and northern Argentina, Quechuan and Aymaran have traditionally occupied a dominant position. Both Quechuan and Aymaran are language families of several million speakers each. Quechuan consists of a conglomerate of geo- graphically defined varieties, traditionally referred to as Quechua “dialects”, not- withstanding the fact that mutual intelligibility is often lacking. Present-day Ayma- ran consists of two distinct languages that are not normally referred to as “dialects”. The absence of a demonstrable genetic relationship between the Quechuan and Aymaran language families, accompanied by a lack of recognizable external gen- etic connections, suggests a long period of independent development, which may hark back to a period of incipient subsistence agriculture roughly dated between 8000 and 5000 BP (Torero 2002: 123–124), long before the Andean civilization at- tained its highest stages of complexity. Quechuan and Aymaran feature a great amount of detailed structural, phono- logical and lexical similarities and thus exemplify one of the most intriguing and intense cases of language contact to be found in the entire world. Often treated as a product of long-term convergence, the similarities between the Quechuan and Ay- maran families can best be understood as the result of an intense period of social and cultural intertwinement, which must have pre-dated the stage of the proto-lan- guages and was in turn followed by a protracted process of incidental and locally confined diffusion. -
Darío Fajardo Montaña / Fondo Fen Colombia / Fernando Urbina
Colombia Orinoco Darío Fajardo Montaña / Fondo Fen Colombia / Fernando Urbina Contenido PRESENTACIÓN ............................................................................................................................... 3 DEL EDITOR ACADEMICO AL LECTOR ..................................................................................... 5 PROLOGO - ORINOQUIA: COLONIZACIÓN, FRONTERA Y ESTRUCTURACIÓN TERRITORIAL ................................................................................................................................. 10 LA GRAN CUENCA DEL ORINOCO ............................................................................................ 40 BIOGEOGRAFÍA DE LA ORINOQUIA COLOMBIANA ............................................................. 75 FLORA ORINOQUENSE .............................................................................................................. 120 LA FAUNA DE LA ORINOQUIA ................................................................................................ 172 LAS SOCIEDADES INDÍGENAS DE LOS LLANOS: SISTEMAS ECONÓMICOS Y CARACTERÍSTICAS SOCIO-CULTURALES ............................................................................ 217 IMPACTO DE LAS MISIONES RELIGIOSAS Y DE LAS GUERRAS DE INDEPENDENCIA EN LA CONSTRUCCIÓN Y DESTRUCCIÓN DE PUEBLOS Y CIUDADES COLONIALES EN LOS LLANOS ........................................................................... 251 EL PROCESO DE CONSTRUCCIÓN TERRITORIAL DE LA ORINOQUIA COLOMBIANA EN EL SIGLO XIX .............................................................................................................................. -
2 Welcome from Dr. Hand
Welcome from Dr. Caneva……………………………………………………….…………...…2 Welcome from Dr. Hand………………………….……………………….……………………..3 Band Camp Information………………………………………….……………………………...4 Contact Information………………………………………….………………………….…….…7 2021 Camp Schedule……………………………….……………………………………..……..8 Schedule for 2021 Season……………………………………………………..……..……..…..10 Rental Instrument Information………………………….…………….………………..……….11 Medical Emergency Permission Form………………….…………….………………..…..…...12 Media Release and Consent Form…………………………………………………..……….…13 Band Jacket Order Form……………………………….…….…………………….……...……14 Marching Band Photo Order Form……………….……….……………………………………15 Muncie Music Price List……………………………….……….………………………………15 Fall 2021 Class Registration Instructions……………………….………………………….…..16 Audition Information Concert Bands………………………………………………….……….17 1 June 1, 2021 To the Members of the 2021-22 Ball State Bands: It’s always a pleasure to write to the members (and future members) of the Ball State University Bands and welcome them to our band program. The Ball State Bands have a long and rich tradition of outstanding musical performances in the concert hall, as well as athletic venues. I’m certain that the time you spend in the BSU Band program will be both musically challenging and rewarding. Below, you will find information regarding membership in the “Pride of Mid-America” Marching Band, as well as audition information for the BSU Concert Ensembles. Participation in all of our bands is open to all students on the BSU campus. If you have friend who might not be a music major but would like to participate in a band at Ball State, please pass this information along to them. Our ensembles are open to all students regardless of their major. If you are a new member of the band, please understand that the entire band staff looks forward to meeting you and eagerly anticipates your participation in our band program.