MEMORY OF NATIONS Democratic Transition Guide

[ The Argentine Experience ] SOURCES USED AND FURTHER READING

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MEMORY OF NATIONS: DEMOCRATIC TRANSITION GUIDE – The Argentine Experience [ 55 ] Eissa, Sergio, ¿La irrelevancia de los Estados Unidos? 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[ 56 ] MEMORY OF NATIONS: DEMOCRATIC TRANSITION GUIDE – The Argentine Experience López, Ernesto, Ni la ceniza ni la gloria. Actores, sistema político y cuestión militar en los años de Alfonsín, Quilmes: Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, 1994 Lorenz, Federico, Archivos de la represión y memoria en la República Argentina, in Pérotin-Dumon, Anne, Historizar el pasado vivo en América Latina, 2007, http://www.historizarelpasadovivo.cl/ Lorenz, Federico, “Lecciones contra el olvido. Memoria de la Educación y Educación de la Memoria”, in Educación y Memoria en Argentina: las Memorias de la “Dictadura Militar” en la Escuela, Barcelona: Octaedro, 2011, 259–279 “Los ‘33 orientales’, hombres clave para las leyes de defensa”, in Clarín, December 31, 2007, https://www.clarin.com/ediciones- anteriores/33-orientales-hombres-clave-leyes-defensa_0_HkNeJtC0aYl.html Mainwaring, Scott, Brinks, Daniel, Pérez-Liñán, Aníbal, “Classifying Political Regimes in Latin America, 1945–1999”, in Studies in Comparative, International Development, 2001, (1), 37–65 Manzotti, Gloria Cecilia, “Reestructuración de las FF.AA.: hacia la consolidación de una política de defensa y una cuestión presupuestaria”, IV National Congress of Political Science, Argentine Society of Political Analysis (SAAP), Rosario, 2003 Martínez, Pablo, La reestructuración de las FF.AA. y el rol del Congreso. 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MEMORY OF NATIONS: DEMOCRATIC TRANSITION GUIDE – The Argentine Experience [ 57 ] Penelli, Sebastián, “Documento con información oficial militar computa al menos 22.000 víctimas del Terrorismo de Estado”, in Ámbito Financiero, March 27, 2017, http://www.ambito.com/877233-documento-con-informacion-oficial-militar-computa-al- menos-22000-victimas-del-terrorismo-de-estado Perelli, Carina, Legacy of transition to democracy in Argentina and Uruguay, in Goodman, Louis W., Mendelson, Joanna S. R., Rial, Juan, eds., The military and democracy. The future of civil-military relations in Latin America, Lexington: Lexington Books, 1990, 93–106 Pertot, Werner, “Nuevos secretos pueden salir a luz”, in page 12, March 18, 2016, https://www.pagina12.com.ar/diario/ elpais/1-294874-2016-03-18.html Pion-Berlin, David, Civil-Military Circumvention. How Argentine State institutions compensate for a weakened chain of command, in Pion-Berlin, David (Ed.), Civil-military relations in Latin America. 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[ The Cambodian Experience ] SOURCES USED AND FURTHER READING

Arunrasmy, Norodom, Jeldres, Julio A., A Life Dedicated to Cambodia: Commemorating the Life and Times of His Majesty the King Father, Preah Bat Samdech Preah Norodom Sihanouk of Cambodia, Phnom Penh: The Princess Royal Norodom Arunrasmy, 2012 Bultmann, Daniel B., Inside Cambodian Insurgency: A Sociological Perspective on Civil Wars and Conflict: A Sociological Perspective on Civil Wars and Conflict, Farnham, England: Ashgate Publishing Limited, 2015 Chandler, David, A History of Cambodia, Boulder, CO: Westview Press, 4th edition, 2007 Chandler, David, “Cambodia deals with its past: Collective memory, demonisation and induced amnesia”, in Totalitarian Movements and Political Religions, 2008, (9), 2–3, 355–369 Chandler, David, Voices from S-21: Terror and history in Pol Pot’s secret prison, University of California Press, 1999 Charline, Yim, “Scope of Victim Participation before the ICC and the ECCC”, Memorandum, Phnom Penh: Documentation Center of Cambodia, 2011, http://www.d.dccam.org/Abouts/Intern/ECCC_ICC_Victim_Participation_C_Yim.pdf Chhang, Youk, “Restoring Cambodian Community and Way of Life: Breaking the Silence”, in Searching for the Truth Magazine, First Quarter, Phnom Penh: Documentation Center of Cambodia, 2010 Chy, Terith, “Questions on Additional Prosecution Posted by the Co-Prosecutors at the Extraordinary Chambers in the Courts of Cambodia (ECCC)”, 2009 Chy, Terith, When the Criminal Laughs, Phnom Penh: Documentation Center of Cambodia, 2014 Ciorciari, John D., Chhang, Youk, “Documenting the Crimes of Democratic Kampuchea”, in Ramji, Jaya and Schaack, Beth V. (ed.), Bringing the Khmer Rouge to Justice, Prosecuting Mass Violence Before the Cambodian Courts, Edwin Mellen Pr, 2005 Ciorciari, John D., “History and Politics Behind the Khmer Rouge Trials”, in Ciorciari, John D., Heindel, Anne, (ed.), On Trial: The Khmer Rouge Accountability Process, Phnom Penh: DC-Cam, 2009 Ciorciari, John D., Heindel, Anne, “Experiments in International Criminal Justice: Lessons from the Khmer Rouge Tribunal”, 35 Mich. J. Int’l L. 369, 2014 Ciorciari, John D., “Justice and Judicial Corruption”, Cambodia Tribunal Monitor, 2007 Ciociari, John D., Sok-Kheang, Ly, “The ECCC’s Role in Reconciliation”, in Ciociari, John, Hendel, Anne (Eds.), in On Trial: The Khmer Rouge Accountability Process, Phnom Penh: Documentation Center of Cambodia, 2009 Cougill, Wynne, “Buddhist cremation traditions for the dead and the need to preserve forensic evidence in Cambodia”, Documentation Center of Cambodia, http://www.d.dccam.org/Projects/Maps/Buddhist_Cremation_Traditions.htm DeFalco, Randle, “Case 003 and 004 at the Khmer Rouge Tribunal: The Definition of ‘Most Responsible’ Individuals According to International Criminal Law”, in Genocide Studies and Prevention: An International Journal: Vol. 8: Issue 2: 45–65, 2014 Dwyer, Owen J., Alderman, Derek H., “Memorial landscapes: analytic questions and metaphors”, in GeoJournal, 2008, (73), 3, 165–178 Dy, Khamboly, A History of Democratic Kampuchea 1975–1979, Phnom Penh: Documentation Center of Cambodia, 2007 Dy, Khamboly, Genocide Education in Cambodia: Local Initiatives, Global connections, Rutgers University, PhD Dissertation, 2015 “ECCC at a glance”, January 2018, https://www.eccc.gov.kh/sites/default/files/publications/ECCC%20at%20a%20glance%20-%20 january%202018_5.pdf Fawthrop, Tom, Jarvis, Helen, Getting Away With Genocide, Elusive Justice and the Khmer Rouge Tribunal, University of New South Wales Press, 2005 Findlay, Trevor, Cambodia: The Legacy and Lessons of UNTAC, Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press, 1995 Gottesman, Evan, Cambodia After the Khmer Rouge: Inside the Politics of Nation Building, Chiang Mai, Thailand: Silkworm Books, 2003 Heder, Steve, “A Review of the Negotiations Leading to the Establishment of the Personal Jurisdiction of the Extraordinary Chambers in the Courts of Cambodia”, Cambodia Tribunal Monitor, 2011 Heindel, Anne, “Overview of the Extraordinary Chambers”, in John Ciorciari and Anne Heindel (ed.), On Trial: The Khmer Rouge Accountability Process, Phnom Penh: DC-Cam, 2009 Human Rights Watch, “Cambodia’s Dirty Dozen: A Long History of Rights Abuses by Hun Sen’s Generals”, June 2018 Hunt, Luke, “Cambodia’s Well-Heeled Military Patrons”, in The Diplomat, August 10, 2015 International Bar Association, “The ECCC – A Failure of Credibility”, 2012 “In Sihanouk’s words: the Cambodian monarch’s private archives”, in Bangkok Post, 25 February 2009, https://www.pressreader.com/ thailand/bangkok-post/20090301/282720517870470 “Inauguration of the Memorial to Victims of the Democratic Kampuchea Regime at Tuol Sleng Genocide Museum”, Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) GmbH, 26 March 2015, http://giz-cambodia.com/ inauguration-of-the-memorial-to-victims-of-the-democratic-kampuchea-regime-at-tuol-sleng-genocide-museum/ Jeffery, Renée, “Beyong Repair?: Collective and Moral Reparations at the Khmer Rouge Tribunal”, in Journal of Human Rights, 13:1, 2014, 103–119 Jeffery, Renée, “The Forgiveness Dilemma: Emotions and Justice at the Khmer Rouge Tribunal”, in Australian Journal of International Affairs, Routledge, 2015, Vol. 69, No. 1, 35–52 Keo, Dacil, Yin, Nean, Fact Sheet, Phnom Penh: Documentation Center of Cambodia, 2011

MEMORY OF NATIONS: DEMOCRATIC TRANSITION GUIDE – The Cambodian Experience [ 33 ] Ledgerwood, Judy, “The Cambodian Tuol Sleng museum of genocidal crimes: National narrative”, in Museum Anthropology, (21), 1, 1997, 82–98 Kheang, Un, “Cambodia – Moving Away from Democracy?”, in International Political Science Review, 2011, (32), 546–562 Kheang, Un, Ledgerwood, Judy, “Cambodia in 2001: Toward Democratic Consolidation?”, in Asian Survey, 2002, (42), No. 1 (January/ February 2002), 100–106 Kiernan, Ben, The Pol Pot Regime: Race, Power and Genocide in Cambodia under the Khmer Rouge, 1975–79, New Haven: Yale University Press, 1996 Kirchenbauer, Nadine, et al., “Victims Participation before the Extraordinary Chambers in the Courts of Cambodia: Baseline Study of he Cambodian Human Rights and Development Association’s Civil Party Scheme for Case 002”, Phnom Penh: ADHOC, 2013 “Late King’s Biographer Donates Archives to Documentation Center”, in VOA Cambodia, 25 September 2015, https://www.voacambodia.com/a/late-king-biographer-donates-archives-to-documentation-center/2977210.html Manikas, Peter M., Bjornlund, Eric, “Cambodia’s 1998 Elections: The Failure of Democratic Consolidation”, in New England Journal of Public Policy, Vol. 14, Iss. 1, 145–160 McCargo, Duncan, “Politics by other means? The Virtual trials of the Khmer Rouge tribunal”, in International Affairs 87:3, 2011 McPherson, Poppy, “Memorial plan prompts debate about victims and perpetrators of genocide”, in The Phnom Penh Post, 9 May 2014, https://www.phnompenhpost.com/7days/memorial-plan-prompts-debate-about-victims-and-perpetrators-genocide Nem, Sowath, Civil War Termination and the Source of Total Peace in Cambodia, Phnom Penh: Reahoo, 2012 Noseworthy, William B., “National Archives of Cambodia”, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 13 March 2014, http://dissertationreviews.org/archives/8169?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=national-archives-cambodia “No third Khmer Rouge trial, says Hun Sen”, in RFI, 2010, http://en.rfi.fr/asia-pacific/20101027-no-third-khmer-rouge-trial- says-pm Open Society Justice Initiative, “Political Interference at the Extraordinary Chambers in the Courts of Cambodia”, July 2010, https://www.opensocietyfoundations.org/sites/default/files/political-interference-courts-cambodia-20100706.pdf Open Society Justice Initiative, “Recent Developments at the Extraordinary Chambers in the Courts of Cambodia”, 2012 Pheaktra, Neth, “Sihanouk donates archives”, in The Phnom Penh Post, 24 February 2009, https://www.phnompenhpost.com/ national/sihanouk-donates-archives Public Affairs Section of the Extraordinary Chambers in the Courts of Cambodia (ECCC) (2018), “Nuon Chea and Khieu Samphan Sentenced to Life Imprisonment in Case 002/02”, Press Release dated on November 16, https://www.eccc.gov.kh/sites/default/ files/media/20181116%20Case%20002.02%20Press%20Release_ENG_Final.pdf. For Trial Chamber’s Summary of Judgement Case 002/02, please visit: https://www.eccc.gov.kh/sites/default/files/media/20181116%20Summary%20of%20Judgement%20 Case%20002-02_Courtesy%20Copy_Public%20version_Final-ENG.pdf Remsburg, Robin E., Carson, Barbara, “Rehabilitation”, in Lubkin, Ilene, Larsen, Pamala (Eds.), Chronic Illness: Impact and Interventions, Sudbury, MA: Jones and Bartlett Publishers, 2006, 579-16 Richie, Richard, “Preserving Khmer Rouge Archives”, in Focus on Global Resources, Fall 2005, Vol. 25, Num.1, https://www.crl.edu/ focus/article/493 Scheffer, David, “The Negotiating History of the ECCC’s Personal Jurisdiction”, Cambodia Tribunal Monitor, 2011 SEAPA (Southeast Asian Press Alliance), “[Cambodia] How to dismantle a democracy?”, 4 May 2018, https://www.seapa.org/ cambodia-how-to-dismantle-a-democracy/ Sirik, Savina, Seng, Kunthy, Men, Pechet, Museum of Memory: Promoting Healing in Cambodia through History, Culture and Arts, in Dudley, Sandra, Message, Kylie (Eds.), “Museum Worlds: Advances in Research”, Berghahn Journals, Vol. 2, 2014 Slocomb, Margaret, The People’s Republic of Kampuchea, 1978–1989: The Revolution After Pol Pot. Chiang Mai, Thailand: Silkworm Books, 2003 Sok-Kheang, Ly, “Remember 17 April”, in Searching for the Truth Magazine, First Quarter, Phnom Penh: Documentation Center of Cambodia, 2012 Sok-Kheang, Ly, Reconciliation Process in Cambodia: 1979–2007 before the Khmer Rouge Tribunal, Phnom Penh: Documentation Center of Cambodia, 2017 Stackhouse, Rayna, “Khmer Rouge History Phone App to Educate Cambodian Youth”, in The Cambodia Daily, August 29, 2016 Strangio, Sebastian, Hun Sen’s Cambodia, New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2014 Thomas, Sarah, Chy, Terith, “Including the Survivors in the Tribunal Process”, in Ciociari, John D., Hendel Anne (Eds.), On Trial: The Khmer Rouge Accountability Process, Phnom Penh: Documentation Center of Cambodia, 2009 Tinh hinh Campuchea, gioi thieu voi cac vi tham gia hoi gam voi Doan Quoc hoi Campuchia [Cambodia’s Situation [introduction for [Vietnamese] leaders who will meet the Cambodian National Assembly delegation]. Luu Tru Quoc Gia No. 3 [National Archive No. 3], Ho So Phu Thu Tuong [Prime Minister’s Office Files], PTT 1589, 36–37 Vachon, Michelle, “When I Believed in the Khmer Rouge”, in The Cambodia Daily, 2006, https://www.cambodiadaily.com/ stories-of-the-month/when-i-believed-in-the-khmer-rouge-438/ Van Schaack, Beth, Reicherter, Daryn, Chhang, Youk, (Eds.), Cambodia’s Hidden Scars: Trauma Psychology and the Extraordinary Chambers in the Courts of Cambodia, Phnom Penh: Documentation Center of Cambodia, 2nd Edition, 2016 Victims Support Section and Civil Party Lead Co-Lawyers of the ECCC, “ECCC Reparation Program 2013–2017 for the Victims of the Khmer Rouge Regime 1975–1979”, 2013, http://vss.eccc.gov.kh/images/stories/2014/Reparation.pdf

[ 34 ] MEMORY OF NATIONS: DEMOCRATIC TRANSITION GUIDE – The Cambodian Experience Whitley, Kelly, “History of the Khmer Rouge Tribunal: Origins, Negotiations, and Establishment”, in Ciorciari, John D. (ed.), The Khmer Rouge Tribunal, Phnom Penh: DC-Cam, 2006 “Yale scholar of Cambodia, Ben Kiernan, uncovers rare 19th-century Khmer-language documents”, Department of History at Yale University, 17 May 2018, https://history.yale.edu/news/yale-scholar-cambodia-ben-kiernan-uncovers-rare-19th-century-khmer- language-documents

WEBSITES

Anlong Veng Peace Center: http://d.dccam.org/Projects/AVPC/avpc.htm Cambodia Genocide Databases (CGDB), Yale University Genocide Studies Program, https://gsp.yale.edu/ cambodian-genocide-databases-cgdb Documentation Center of Cambodia: http://d.dccam.org/ Overview of DC-Cam holdings: http://www.d.dccam.org/Archives/index.htm Santebal Microfilms, Yale University Genocide Studies Program, https://gsp.yale.edu/santebal-microfilms Sleuk Rith Institute: http://www.cambodiasri.org/ Tuol Sleng Genocide Museum: https://tuolsleng.gov.kh/en/ Youth for Peace: http://www.yfpcambodia.org/

MEMORY OF NATIONS: DEMOCRATIC TRANSITION GUIDE – The Cambodian Experience [ 35 ] MEMORY OF NATIONS Democratic Transition Guide

[ The Chilean Experience ] SOURCES USED AND FURTHER READING

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Desafío para la Educación en Derechos Humanos, Santiago: Heinrich Böll Stiftung Cono Sur, 2010 Bascuñán, Karen, “Educación en derechos humanos en el contexto de la posdictadura en Chile. 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Democratic Chile: The Politics and Policies of a Historic Coalition, 1990–2010 Boulder, Co.: Lynne Rienner, 143—172. Also published in Spanish, as Collins, Cath “Los DDHH durante la Concertación”, in Siavelis, Peter, and Sehnbruch, Kirsten, (eds.) 2014. El Balance: política y políticas de la Concertación. Santiago: Catalonia, 143 a 168 Collins Cath, Post-Transitional Justice. Human Rights Trials in Chile and El Salvador, Pennsylvania: Pennsylvania State University Press, 2010 Collins, Cath, “Transitional Justice from Within: Police, Forensic and Legal Actors Searching for Chile’s Disappeared”, in Journal of Human Rights Practice, 2018, 10 (1), 19–39 Collins, Cath “Truth Justice and Memory, 40 years after the Chilean Coup”, Transitional Justice Institute Research Paper No. 14-05, Transitional Justice Institute, Ulster University. https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2628430 Collins, Cath, Working Paper “Cause Lawyering in Chile”, Transitional Justice Institute Working Paper series and Queens University Belfast Lawyers, Transition and Conflict project, 2015, available via https://lawyersconflictandtransition.org/ Comisión Nacional sobre Prisión Política y Tortura, Informe de la Comisión Nacional sobre Prisión Política y Tortura, 2004, www.indh.cl/destacados-2/comision-valech/ Comisión Nacional de Verdad y Reconciliación, Informe de la Comisión Nacional de Verdad y Reconciliación, 1991, http://pdh.minjusticia.gob.cl/comisiones/ Consejo de Monumentos Nacionales “Patrimonio de la Memoria de los Derechos Humanos en Chile” Sitios de Memoria protegidos cómo Monumentos Nacionales 1996–2016, Santiago 2017 Contreras Sepúlveda, Manuel, La verdad histórica: el ejército guerrillero, Santiago: Ediciones Encina, 2000 Corporación Parque por la Paz Villa Grimaldi, 20 Años Sitio de Memoria. 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WEBSITES www.archivonacional.gob.cl www.bcn.cl https://bibliotecadigital.indh.cl www.camara.cl www.cedocmuseodelamemoria.cl/otros-recursos/ www.cned.cl/quienes-somos www.educacionymemoria.cl/ www.expedientesdelarepresion.cl www.latercera.com www.leychile.cl www.londres38.cl https://www.memorialpaine.cl/programa-educativo-jovenes/ www.monumentos.gob.cl www.observadoresddhh.org/ http://pdh.minjusticia.gob.cl/verdad-y-justicia/ www.pjud.cl https://planderechoshumanos.gob.cl/plan-nacional-de-derechos-humanos www.servel.cl www.subdere.gov.cl/sites/default/files/noticias/archivos/programamb_1_0.pdf https://villagrimaldi.cl Observatorio de Justicia Transicional, www.derechoshumanos.udp.cl

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[ 46 ] MEMORY OF NATIONS: DEMOCRATIC TRANSITION GUIDE – The Estonian Experience Personal Data Protection Act, passed on 15 February 2007, in Riigi Teataja; https://www.riigiteataja.ee/en/eli/507032016001/ consolide Procedure for Collection, Registration, Preservation and Use of Materials of Security and Intelligence Organisations of Other Countries Which Have Operated in Estonia Act, passed on 10 March 1994, in Riigi Teataja; https://www.riigiteataja.ee/en/ eli/522042014002/consolide “Toomas Savi seostamine KGB-ga on alusetu”, in Õhtuleht, 21 May 1997; http://www.ohtuleht.ee/3582/ toomas-savi-seostamine-kgb-ga-on-alusetu treaties.un.org/doc/Publication/MTDSG/Volume%20I/Chapter%20IV/IV-6.en.pdf vm.ee/et/node/35688 mnemosyne.ee/en/about-us/ vp1992-2001.president.ee/eng/ateated/AmetlikTeade.asp?ID=4870 vvk.ee/varasemad/?v=r99 www.eesti.ee/eng/toetused_ja_sotsiaalabi/toetused_ja_huvitised/toetused_represseeritutele www.cyberussr.com/rus/uk-rsfsr.html www.economist.com/node/13184989 www.estonica.org/en/ www.etera.ee/zoom/22811/view?page=466&p=separate&view=0,0,1932,2834 www.juridica.ee/juridica_en.php?document=en/articles/1995/10/23934.SUM.php www.kapo.ee/en/content/areas-activity.html www.kapo.ee/en/content/judicial-decisions.html www.kapo.ee/en/content/re-establishment-security-police.html www.memento.ee/ www.mnemosyne.ee/ www.nc.ee www.riigikogu.ee/en/press-releases/plenary-assembly/riigikogu-adopted-statement-june-deportation/ www.riigikogu.ee/wpcms/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/TheWhiteBook.pdf www.ut.ee/et/oppimine/doktoriope/doktoritood www.riigiteataja.ee www2.kirmus.ee/elulood/index.html

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Blauvelt and Jeremy Smith, Oxfordshire, UK: Routledge, 2013 Aves, Jonathan, Georgia: From Chaos to Stability?, London: The Royal Institute of International Affairs, 1996 Carothers, Thomas, “The End of Transition Paradigm”, in Journal of Democracy 13 (1), 2002, 5–21 “Ethnic Groups of Georgia: Census 1989”, European Centre for Minority Issues, http://www.ecmicaucasus.org/upload/stats/ Census%201989.pdf Commission of Investigation of 9 of April in Supreme Council of Georgian SSR, Saqinform (Georgian informative bureau), “In commission of Georgian supreme council”, in Komunisti #95 (20364), 22. 4. 1989, 2 Conclusions of the Commission of Assembly of People’s Deputies of the USSR on Investigation of the Events Taking Place in Tbilisi on 9th of April, 1989 http://sobchak.org/rus/docs/zakluchenie.htm Daniel, Alexander, Eremova, Larisa and others, Rehabilitation and Memory: Treatment of the Victims of Soviet Political Repression in Former Soviet Union Countries, Moscow: Memorial, 2016, https://www.memo.ru/media/uploads/2017/03/02/reabilitacia.pdf “Declaration of One Group of Employees of the KGB of the Georgian SSR”, in Tbilisi #217 (11336), 22. 9. 1990, 4 Documentary film “Lost History” [Dakarguli Istoria], 2014, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5vYlBOxhBj4 European Court of Human Rights, Second Section, CASE OF KLAUS AND YURI KILADZE V. 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[ 44 ] MEMORY OF NATIONS: DEMOCRATIC TRANSITION GUIDE – The Romanian Experience www.luju.ro/institutii/servicii-secrete/sri-prosteste-romania-noua-securitate-condusa-de-coldea-si-hellvig-este-preocupata-de- gainarii-si-dosare-politice-nu-si-de-atentatele-la-viata-romanilor-soldate-de-a-lungul-anilor-cu-sute-de-decese-din-cauza- infectiilor-nosocomiale-hexi-pharma-sau-repreze?pdf www.luju.ro/institutii/servicii-secrete/statistica-uluitoare-romania-ocupa-locul-ii-in-clasamentul-tarilor-membre-nato-privind- numarul-de-agenti-din-serviciul-national-de-informatii-pe-primul-loc-se-claseaza-sua-unde-fbi-la-un-numar-de-314- milioane-locuitori-are-35-344-agenti-sri-pentru-20-mili?pdf www.mediafax.ro/social/curtea-constitutionala-legea-lustratiei-este-neconstitutionala-9447568 www.militiaspirituala.ro www.riseproject.ro www.romaniacurata.ro www.sspr.gov.ro/index.php?contact https://www.stiri-extreme.ro/dupa-pacepa-larry-watts-dezvaluie-noi-agenti-kgb-din-romania-aflati-langa-ceausescu-si-apoi- alaturi-de-iliescu-interviu-irir/# www.transparency.org.ro/stiri/comunicate_de_presa/2015/16iunie/Policy%20Paper_Serviciile%20de%20Informatii%20in%20 Echilibrul%20Interinstitutional.pdf www.ziare.com/dan-voiculescu/cnsas/procuror-despre-dan-voiculescu-nu-era-obligat-sa-faca-o-declaratie-conforma-cu- realitatea-1237580 ziuadecj.realitatea.net/mobile/articol.aspx?t=Articole@eID=16656

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MEMORY OF NATIONS: DEMOCRATIC TRANSITION GUIDE – The Russian Experience [ 47 ] Копосов, Н., Память строгого режима: История и политика в России, Москва: Новое литературное обозрение, 2011 Копосов, Н., Хапаева, Д., “Сталинизм глазами избирателей”, in polit.ru, 21. 9. 2007; http://polit.ru/article/2007/09/21/ stalinizm/ Kora, Andrieu, “An Unfinished Business: Transitional Justice and Democratization in Post-Soviet Russia”, in International Journal of Transitional Justice, (2011) 5 (2): 198–220 Козлов, В. П., Бог сохранял архивы России, Челябинск: Книга, 2009 Кривова, Н. А., “О деятельности специальной комиссии по архивам при Президенте Российской Федерации”, in Вестник Архивиста, 1994, 1–2, (19–20), 60–65 Крыштановская, О. В., Анатомия российской элиты, Москва: Захаров, 2005 Kryshtanovkaya, Olga, White, Stephen, “Public Attitudes to the KGB: A Research Note”, in Europe-Asia Studies, 1993, (45), 1, 169–175 Леушин, М. 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[ 48 ] MEMORY OF NATIONS: DEMOCRATIC TRANSITION GUIDE – The Russian Experience Schneider, Eberhard, “The Russian Federal Security Service under President Putin”, in White, Stephen, Politics and the Ruling Group in Putin’s Russia, Basingstoke – New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2008, 42–62 Смирнова, И., “Расстрел Великих князей: дело положено под сукно”, in Свободная Пресса, 16. 2. 2010; http://svpressa.ru/ society/article/21258/; http://tayga.info/120423 Soldatov, Andrei, Borogan, Irina, “The Mutation of the Russian Secret Services”, in Agentura.ru, August 25, 2016; www.agentura.ru/ english/dosie/mutation/ Soldatov, Andrei, Borogan, Irina, The New Nobility: The Restoration of Russia’s Security State and the Enduring Legacy of the KGB, New York: PublicAffairs, 2011 Stan, Lavinia, Transitional Justice is Eastern Europe and The Former Soviet Union: Reckoning with the Communist past, London: Routledge, 2009 Stan, Lavinia, Nedelsky, Nadya, eds., Post-Communist Transitional Justice: Lessons from Twenty-Five Years of Experience, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2015 “Steel and Shadows. Obituary: Yevgeny Primakov”, in Economist, 18 July 2015. http://www.economist.com/node/21657755 Свобода в обществе Мемориал. Декоммунизация и люстрация in Радио Свобода, 22. 4. 2012; http://www.svoboda.org/a/24557575.html Шаблинский, И. Г., Эволюция политического режима в России. Конституционные основы и неформальные практики, Москва: ТЕИС, 2014 Штрихи к портрету. Блог Андрея Мальгина, 26. 11. 2006; http://avmalgin.livejournal.com/695124.html Toymentsev, Sergey, “Legal but Criminal: The Failure of the ‘Russian Nuremberg’ and the Paradoxes of Post-Soviet Memory”, in Comparative Literature Studies, 2011, 48 (3), 296–319 Учителя пошли по спискам, in Радио свобода, 3. 4. 2012; http://www.svoboda.org/a/24535300.html “Вечно сомневающийся Ковалев”. Интервью с правозащитником Сергеем Адамовичем Ковалевым, in Gazeta.ru, 1. 9. 1999; http://gazeta.lenta.ru/interview/01-09-1999_kovalev.htm “Вырывдин, Максим, Контрразведка переаттестована”, in Kommersant, No. 54, March 26, 1994. Waller, Michael J., “Russia’s Security Services: A Checklist for Reforms”, in Perspective, 10 September 1997 Waller, Michael J., Secret Empire: The KGB in Russia Today, Boulder, CO: Westview, 1994 Waller, J. Michael, “The KGB and Its ‘Successors’”, in Perspective, 1994, (4), 4; http://intellit.muskingum.edu/alpha_folder/W_folder/ waller_j_m.html Wise, David, “Closing Down the K.G.B.”, in New York Times, 24 November, 1991. Yeltsin, Boris, “The secret services will never be ‘watchdogs’ any more”. Radio Address, in Kommersant, No. 220, December 20, 1997 “Защита личности, общества, государства”. Так определяет приоритеты своего подразделения начальник Управления конституционной безопасности ФСБ России Геннадий Зотов, in Независимое военное обозрение, No. 044 (118), November 20, 1998 Земсков, В. Н., Сталин и народ. Почему не было восстания, Москва: Алгоритм, 2014 “Знаю их всех”. Говорит Александр Коржаков, in Медиазона, September 5, 2016; https://zona.media/article/2016/05/09/ korzhakov Зубов, А. Б., ed., История России. ХХ век. 1953–2007, том III, Москва: Эксмо, 2017 Чубарьян, А. О., “Источниковедческие аспекты в изучении истории XX века”, in Вестник архивиста, 1997, 6 (42), 11–26

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[ 50 ] MEMORY OF NATIONS: DEMOCRATIC TRANSITION GUIDE – The Russian Experience MEMORY OF NATIONS Democratic Transition Guide

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[ 52 ] MEMORY OF NATIONS: DEMOCRATIC TRANSITION GUIDE – The South African Experience Coombes, Annie E., History after Apartheid: Visual Culture and Public Memory in a Democratic South Africa, Johannesburg: Wits University Press, 2003 Creative Associates International. Tool Category C: Military Measures 7. Integration/Restructuring of Military Forces, ND, retrieved from: http://www.caiidc.com/ghai/toolbox7.htm Davenport, T.R.H., The Transfer of Power in South Africa, Cape Town: David Philip, 1998 Davenport, Rodney, Saunders, Chris, South Africa. 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MEMORY OF NATIONS: DEMOCRATIC TRANSITION GUIDE – The South African Experience [ 53 ] Harris, Verne, “They Should Have Destroyed More: The Destruction of Public Records by the South African State in the Final Years of Apartheid, 1990–1994”, in Transformation, 2000, Vol. 42 Hayes, Patricia, Silvester Jeremy, Hartmann, Wolfram, “Photography, history and memory”, in Wolfram Hartmann, Jeremy Silvester and Patricia Hayes (eds.), The Colonising Camera: Photographs in the making of Namibian History, Athens: Ohio University Press, 1998 Hofmeyr, Isabel, “We spend our years as a tale that is told”: Oral Historical Narrative in a South African Chiefdom, Johannesburg: Witwatersrand University Press, 1994 Independent Board of Inquiry, Fortresses of Fear, Johannesburg: Independent Board of Inquiry, 1992 Interview with Martin Schönteich, Innovations for Successful Societies, Princeton University, 31 January 2008, retrieved from https://successfulsocieties.princeton.edu/sites/successfulsocieties/files/interviews/transcripts/3256/Martin_Schonteich.pdf Irish, Jenny, Policing for profit: The future of South Africa’s private security industry, Pretoria: Institute for Security Studies, 1999, (39) Jeffery, Anthea, The Natal Story: Sixteen Years of Conflict, Johannesburg: South African Institute of Race Relations, 1997 Julius, Chrischene, Oral history in the exhibitionary strategy of the District Six Museum, Cape Town, MA dissertation, University of the Western Cape, 2007, ii Karp, Ivan, Kratz, Corinne, Szwaja, Lynn, Ybarro-Frausto, Tomás with Buntix, Gustavo, Kirshenblatt-Gimblett, Barbara, Rassool, Ciraj (eds.), Museum Frictions: Public Cultures / Global Transformations, Durham: Duke University Press, 2006 Kentridge, Matthew, An Unofficial War: Inside the Conflict in Pietermaritzburg, Claremont: David Philip, 1990 Kruger, Marie, “Commemorating the past in the urban present: Living heritage on Constitution Hill/Johannesburg”, in African Studies, 2019 Lamb, Guy, “Police Militarisation and the ‘War on Crime’ in South Africa”, in Journal of Southern African Studies, 2018, (44), 5, 933–949 Le Roux, Len, “Revisiting the South African Defence Review”, in African Security Review, 2004, (13), 1, 105–108 Liebenberg, Ian, Roefs, Marlene, “Demobilisation and its Aftermath: Economic Reinsertion of South Africa’s Demobilised Military Personnel”, in Institute for Security Studies Monograph Series, 2001, No. 61 Makhalemele, Oupa, “Still Not Talking: The South African Government’s Exclusive Reparations Policy and The Impact of the R 30,000 Financial Reparations On Survivors”, in Ferstman, Carla, Goetz, Mariana, Stephens, Alan, eds., Reparations for Victims of Genocide, War Crimes and Crimes against Humanity, Brill, 2009 Marinovich, Greg, “The Murder Fields of Marikana. 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[ 54 ] MEMORY OF NATIONS: DEMOCRATIC TRANSITION GUIDE – The South African Experience Murray, Martin, Commemorating and Forgetting: Challenges for the New South Africa, Minnesota: University of Minnesota Press, 2013 Nathan, Laurie, “Troops in the Townships, 1984–1987”, in Jacklyn Cock and Laurie Nathan, (eds.), War and Society: The Militarisation of South Africa, Cape Town and Johannesburg: David Philip, 67–78 Nathan, Laurie, The Changing of the Guard: Armed Forces and Defence Policy in a Democratic South Africa, Pretoria: Human Sciences Research Council, 1995 Nathan, Laurie, “Transforming Civil-Military Relations and Military Professionalism in a Democratic South Africa”, in John Harker (ed.), Aurora Papers 28: Collaborative Security in South Africa, Ottawa: Canadian Council for International Peace and Security, 1996, 33–56 Nathan, Laurie, “The 1996 Defence White Paper: An Agenda for Demilitarisation?” in Jacklyn Cock and Penny McKenzie, (eds.), From Defence to Development. 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MEMORY OF NATIONS: DEMOCRATIC TRANSITION GUIDE – The South African Experience [ 55 ] Rauch, Janine, Deconstructing the South African Police. Paper presented at the Annual Conference of the Association for Sociology in Southern Africa, Cape Town, 1991 Rauch, Janine, Police Reform and South Africa’s Transition, Paper presented at the South African Institute for International Affairs Conference, Johannesburg, 2000 Rauch, Janine, Police Transformation and the South African TRC, Johannesburg: Centre for the Study of Violence and Reconciliation, 2004 Rauch, Janine, Dixon, Bill, “Sector Policing. Origins And Prospects”, Iin Institute for Security Studies Monograph, 97, 2004 Rauch, Janine, Storey, David, The Policing of Public Gatherings and Demonstrations in South Africa, 1960–1994, Braamfontein: Centre for the Study of Violence and Reconciliation, 1998 Republic of South Africa, An Analysis of Progress with Transformation in the Defence Force: Findings and Recommendations of the Ministerial Committee, Pretoria: Ministry of Defence, 2001 Republic of South Africa, Constitution of the Republic of South Africa (Act No. 108 of 1996) Republic of South Africa, Constitution of the Republic of South Africa (Act No. 200 of 1993) Republic of South Africa, Demobilisation Act No. 99 of 1996 Republic of South Africa, South African Defence Review, Pretoria: Department of Defence, 1998 Republic of South Africa, South African Police Service Act No. 68 of 1995 Republic of South Africa, South African White Paper on Defence, Pretoria: Department of Defence, 1996 Republic of South Africa, Termination of Integration Intake Act No. 44 of 2001 Riouful, Veronique, “Behind Telling: Post-apartheid Representations of Robben Island’s Past”, in Kronos, August 2000, Vol. 26 Samuel, Raphael, Theatres of Memory: Past and Present in Contemporary Culture, London: Verso, 1994 Sandell, Richard (ed.), Museums, Society, Inequality, Abingdon: Routledge, 2002 Sarkin, Jeremy, “Dealing with Enforced Disappearances in South Africa (With a Focus on the Nokuthula Simelane Case) and Around the World. The Need to Ensure Progress on the Rights to Truth, Justice and Reparations in Practice”, in Speculum Juris, 2015, Vol. 1, 21–48 Sarkin, Jeremy, “The Coming of Age of Claims for Reparations for Human Rights Abuses Committed in the South”, in International Journal on Human Rights, 2004 Seegers, Annette, The Military in the Making of Modern South Africa, London: IB Tauris, 1996 Shaw, Mark, Crime and Policing in Post-Apartheid South Africa. Transforming Under Fire, London: Hurst & Company, 2001 Sidiropoulos, Elizabeth, et al, South Africa Survey 1997/98, Johannesburg: South African Institute of Race Relations, 1998 Simpson, Graeme, “A Brief Evaluation of South Africa’s Truth and Reconciliation Commission: Some lessons for societies in transition”, Paper written prior to the publication of the TRC’s Final Report, October 1998, https://www.csvr.org.za/index.php/ publications/1724-a-brief-evaluation-of-south-africas-truth-and-reconciliation-commission-some-lessons-for-societies- in-transition.html Solani, Noel, “The Saint of the Struggle”, in Kronos, August 2000, Vol. 26, No. 1 Sooka, Yasmin, Ntsebenza, Dumisa, “Inquiry needed into political interference in post-TRC prosecutions”, in Politics Web, 7 February 2019, https://www.politicsweb.co.za/archive/inquiry-needed-into-political-interference-in-post “South Africa moves to restore credibility of police”, in UPI, 27 August 1992, https://www.upi.com/Archives/1992/08/27/ South-Africa-moves-to-restore-credibility-of-police/8467714888000/ South African Democracy Education Trust, The Road to Democracy in South Africa, 6 volumes, Pretoria: Unisa Press, 2004–2014 South African Police, Annual Report of the Commissioner of Police 1 January to 31 December 1993, Pretoria: South African Police, 1994 South African Police Service, Annual Report of the National Commissioner of the South African Police Service 1 April 2002 to 31 March 2003, Pretoria: South African Police Service, 2003 South African Police Service, Annual Report of the South African Police Service 1 April 1996 – 31 March 1997, Pretoria: South African Police Service, 1997 South African Police Service, National Instruction 3 of 2013: Sector Policing, 2013, retrieved from https://www.google.com/ url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=1&ved=0CB4QFjAAahUKEwjEhKaui_bGAhUnBtsKHQu2CiE&url=http%3A% 2F%2Fwww.hortgro.co.za%2F%3Fwpfb_dl%3D1001&ei=9WazVYS2JqeM7AaL7KqIAg&usg=AFQjCNHlFbcuds20X_ds3i_BI_ yKopE6ZA&sig2=3pBXi-29YHi-6UXVp9dlyQ&bvm=bv.98717601,d.ZGU South African Press Association, “Harms Report Details 1984-90 Unrest Figures”, South African Press Association, 20 August 1990 Sparks, Allister, Tomorrow is Another Country. The Inside Story of South Africa’s Road to Change, Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1994 State of the Archives: An analysis of South Africa’s national archival system, 2014, prepared by Archival Platform, University of Cape Town: Cape Town, 2015 Steinberg, Jonny, “Sector Policing on the West Rand. Three Case Studies”, in Institute for Security Studies Monograph, 2004, 110 Steinberg, Jonny, Thin Blue: The Unwritten Rules of Policing South Africa, Johannesburg and Cape Town: Jonathan Ball, 1998 Stoler, Ann L., Along the Archival Grain: Epistemic Anxieties and Colonial Common Sense, Princeton and Oxford: Princeton University Press, 2009 Stoler, Ann L., “Colonial Archives and the Arts of Governance”, in Archival Science, 2002, Vol. 2 Sturken, Marita, Tangled Memories: The Vietnam war, the Aids Epidemic and the Politics of Memory, Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1997

[ 56 ] MEMORY OF NATIONS: DEMOCRATIC TRANSITION GUIDE – The South African Experience S v Bason 2007 (3) SA 582 (CC) Tait, Sean, Marks, Monique, “You Strike a Gathering, You Strike a Rock: Current Debates in the Policing of Public Order in South Africa”, in South African Crime Quarterly, 2011, 38, 15-22 Thembisile Phumelele Nkadimeng vs. National Director of Public Prosecutions & 8 Others, Gauteng Division Case Number 35554/2015 Truth and Reconciliation Commission of South Africa. (1998). Truth and Reconciliation Commission of South Africa Final Report. Cape Town: Truth and Reconciliation Commission of South Africa, 1998 Tutu, Desmond, No Future Without Forgiveness, London: Rider, 1999 Tutu, Desmond, “Truth and Reconciliation Commission, South Africa”, in Britannica, 2019, No. 8, https://www.britannica.com/ topic/Truth-and-Reconciliation-Commission-South-Africa van der Merwe, Hugo, “Prosecutions, Pardons, and Amnesty: The Trajectory of Transitional Accountability in South Africa”, in Nicola Palmer, Phil Clark and Daniella Granville, eds., Critical Perspectives in Transitional Justice, Antwerp: Intersentia, 2012 van der Spuy, Elrena, “The integration of ANC and PAC cadres (non-statutory forces) into the South African Police Service, 1994–1996: Facets and fault lines”, in Schwikkard, Pamela-Jane, Hoctor, Shannon Vaughn (eds.), A Reasonable Man: Essays in honour of Jonathan Burchell, Cape Town: Jutas, 2019 Waldmeier, Patti, Anatomy of a Miracle, New York: Penguin, 1997 Weitzer, Ron “Transforming the South African Police”, in Police Studies: The International Review of Police Development, 1993, 16, 1–10 Welsh, David, The Rise and Fall of Apartheid, Johannesburg: Jonathan Ball, 2012 Welsh, David, Spence, Jack E., The Ending of Apartheid, Harlow: Longmans, 2011 Woods, Gavin, “Perspectives on Policing”, in Mary. L. Mathews, Philip. B. Heymann, & A. S. Mathews (eds.), Policing the Conflict in South Africa, Gainesville, FL: University Press of Florida, 1993, 48–55 Yates, Adam, “Justice Delayed: The TRC Recommendations 20 Years Later”, in Daily Maverick, 5 Semptember 2018, https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2018-09-05-justice-delayed-the-trc-recommendations-20-years-later/ Zulu, Nobukhosi, Adeleke, Yewande, “There’s many an obstacle in exercising our right of access to information”, in Daily Maverick, 4 October 2018, https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/ article/2018-10-04-theres-many-an-obstacle-in-exercising-our-right-of-access-to-information/

WEBSITES

African Activist Archive Project africanactivist.msu.edu/ Ahmed Timol, A Quest for Justice https://www.ahmedtimol.co.za/ http://www.anc.org.za/ Constitution Hill https://www.constitutionhill.org.za/ District Six Museum http://www.districtsix.co.za/ Khulumani Support Group, From Victims to Active Citizens http://www.khulumani.net Robben Island Museum http://www.robben-island.org.za/ South African Broadcasting Corporation, Amnesty Hearings http://sabctrc.saha.org.za/hearing.php?id=53362&t=Nokuthula+simela ne+coetzee&tab=hearings South African Government, Speeches https://www.gov.za/speeches/arts-and-culture-national-legacy-projects-24-jun-2017-0000 Southern Africa Litigation Centre, Statement: Johannesburg High Court Dismisses Apartheid Police Officer’s Application to Cease Prosecution https://www.southernafricalitigationcentre.org/2019/06/03/ statement-johannesburg-high-court-dismisses-apartheid-police-officers-application-to-cease-prosecution/ Truth and Reconciliation Commission, Amnesty Hearing, Jeffery Benzien, 14 July 1997, http://www.justice.gov.za/trc/amntrans/ capetown/capetown_benzien.htm Truth and Reconciliation Commission, ANC INTERDICT THROWS TRC’S FINAL REPORT INTO DISARRAY http://www.justice.gov.za/trc/media/1998/9810/s981028n.htm The Heart of Hope – The O’Malley Archives https://omalley.nelsonmandela.org/omalley/

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[ The Spanish Experience ] SOURCES USED AND FURTHER READING

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España, 1936–1950, Barcelona: Crítica, 2010 Estefanía, Joaquín, La larga marcha : medio siglo de política (económica) entre la historia y la memoria, Barcelona: Península, 2007 “Fosas sin excavar, símbolos fascistas y nula financiación: diez años de fracaso de la ley de Memoria Histórica”, in El Diario, 27. 12. 2017, https://www.eldiario.es/sociedad/simbolos-financiacion-acabado-desmemoria-historica_0_723028328.html “Franco, Primo de Rivera y otras figuras del franquismo conservan 1.143 calles en España”, in El País, 10. 5. 2018, https://elpais.com/ politica/2018/05/09/actualidad/1525863933_856305.html Fuentes Aragonés, Juan Francisco, Adolfo Suárez. Biografía política, Barcelona: Planeta, 2011 Fusi Aizpurúa, Juan Pablo, Franco. Autoritarismo y poder personal, Madrid: El País, 1985 García Cotarelo, Ramón, (comp.), Transición política y consolidación democrática. 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(dir.), Historia mundial de España, Barcelona: Planeta, 2018 “La Xunta se persona en el proceso judicial para reclamar el pazo de Meirás”, in La Voz de Galicia, 18. 7. 2019, https://www.lavozdegalicia.es/noticia/galicia/2019/07/17/xunta-decide-personarse-proceso-reclamacion-estado-sobre-pazo- meiras/00031563378192422610451.htm Lafuente Benaches, María Mercedes, “Balance de la Ley de Memoria Histórica”, in Revista española de derecho administrativo, 188, 2017 Linz, Juan J., and Stepan, Alfred, Problems of democratic transition and consolidation: Southern Europe, South America, and Post-Communist Europe, Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1996 Linz, Juan J., Obras escogidas. 3, Sistemas totalitarios y regímenes autoritarios y Obras escogidas. 4, Democracias: quiebras, transiciones y retos, Madrid: Centro de Estudios Políticos y Constitucionales, 2009 Linz, Juan J., “Transiciones a la democracia”, in Revista Española de investigaciones sociológicas, 51, 1990, 7–33 Lorenzo, José María, “HB: Veinte años de Izquierda Abertzale”, in Aportes nº 43, Madrid, 2000, 117–132 “Los militares ya no celebraran el Día de los Caídos el 20-N, sino el 2 de noviembre”, in El País, 2. 12. 1984, https://elpais.com/ diario/1984/12/02/espana/470790020_850215.html Malalana-Ureña, Antonio, Moreno Pérez, Lorena, “Investigar la historia contemporánea en España: a la sombra de la ley de secretos oficiales”, in Historia contemporánea 55, 2017, 669–702 Martín Rubio, Ángel David, La Cruz, el perdón y la gloria: la persecución religiosa en España durante la Segunda República y la Guerra Civil, Madrid: Ciudadela, 2007 Martín Rubio, Ángel David, “La persecución religiosa en España (1931–1939): una aportación sobre las cifras”, in Hispania sacra, 53/107, 2001, 63–90 Mata López, José Manuel, El nacionalismo vasco radical: Discurso, organización y expresiones, Bilbao: Universidad del País Vasco, 1993 Menéndez Pidal de Navascués, Faustino, El escudo de España, Madrid: Real Academia Matritense de Heráldica y Genealogía, 2004 Merino, Javier, El espejismo revolucionario, la izquierda radical ante ETA. ¿El último espejismo revolucionario en Occidente?, Bilbao: Cuadernos Bakeaz 94, 2009 Míguez González, Santiago, La preparación de la transición a la democracia en España, Zaragoza: Universidad de Zaragoza, 1990 Moradiellos, Enrique, Franco. 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[ 44 ] MEMORY OF NATIONS: DEMOCRATIC TRANSITION GUIDE – The Spanish Experience Sánchez Soler, Mariano, La transición sangrienta. Una historia violenta del proceso democrático en España (1975–1983), Barcelona: Peninsula, 2010 “Se disuelve el Comisionado de Memoria Histórica de Madrid”, in La Nueva Tribuna, 15. 6. 2018, https://www.nuevatribuna.es/ articulo/madrid/3000fusiladosmadrid-fusiladoscementerioeste-victimasfranquismo-comisonadomemoriahistoria- fusiladostapiacementerio-listadofusiladosmadrid-franciscasauquillo-mauriciovaliente-ejecutadosposguerra- ejecutadosfranquismo-guerracivil/20180615190451153070.html Serra, Narcís, La transición militar: Reflexiones en torno a la reforma democrática de las fuerzas armadas, Barcelona: Debate, 2008 Soto Carmona, Álvaro, La transición a la democracia. España. 1975–1982, Madrid: Alianza Editorial, 1998 Suárez Fernández, Luis, Franco, Crónica de un tiempo: Los caminos de la instauración, desde 1967 hasta 1975, Madrid: Actas, 2007 Turrado Vidal, Martín, La policía en la historia contemporánea de España (1766–1986), Madrid: Dykinson, 2000 Tusell, Javier, La transición a la democracia (España, 1975–1982), Madrid: Espasa Calpe, 2007 Urquijo Goitia, José Ramón, “Archivos e historia contemporánea”, in Ayer, No. 61, 2006, 311–325 Villar, Ernesto, Los espías de Suárez. La historia inédita de la Transición a través de los informes secretos de los «espías rojos» del Gobierno, Barcelona: Espasa, 2016 Villar, Ernesto, Todos quieren matar a Carrero. La conspiración dentro del régimen, Madrid: Libros Libres, 2011 VV.AA. Historia de la Transición, 10 años que cambiaron España 1973–1983, Diario 16, 1984 Yuste, Carlos I. [Andrés Cassinello], Subversión y reversión en la España actúa, Madrid: San Martín, 1975

LAWS AND DECREES

Decree-Law 10/1969, of March 31, declaring the prescription of all crimes committed prior to April 1, 1939 Law 46/1977, of October 15, on Amnesty Law 5/1979, of September 18, on recognition of pensions, medical-pharmaceutical and social assistance in favor of widows, and other relatives of the Spaniards who died as a result or on the occasion of the last Civil War Law 35/1980, of June 26, on pensions to former mutilated combatants in the Republican zone Law 37/1984, of October 22, on the recognition of rights and services provided to those who during the Civil War were part of the Armed Forces, the Law Enforcement Agencies and the Cuerpo de Carabineros of the Republic Law 18/1984, of June 8, on recognition as years worked for the purposes of Social Security of the periods of imprisonment suffered as a result of the assumptions contemplated in the Amnesty Law of October 15, 1977 Law 4/1990, of June 29, on General State Budgets for 1990. Eighteenth Additional provision. Compensation for those who suffered imprisonment as a result of the cases contemplated in Law 4611977, of October 15, on Amnesty Law 3/2005, of March 18, which recognizes an economic benefit to citizens of Spanish origin displaced abroad, during their minority, as a result of the Civil War, and who developed most of their lives outside the national territory Law 52/2007, of December 26, which recognizes and extends rights and establishes measures in favor of those who suffered persecution or violence during the Civil War and the dictatorship Royal Decree-Law 10/1976, of July 30, on Amnesty Royal Decree-Law 6/1978, of March 6, on regulating the situation of the military who took part in the Civil War Royal Decree-Law 43/1978, of December 21, which recognizes economic benefits to those who suffered injuries and mutilations in the Spanish Civil War Royal Decree 2925/1978, of December 7, for compliance with Royal Decree-Law 35/1978, of November 16, on pensions to family members of Spaniards who died as a result of the 1936-1939 war Royal Decree 1891/2004, of September 10, establishing the Inter-ministerial Commission for the study of the situation of victims of the Civil War and Franco

WEBSITES

Francisco Franco National Foundation, https://fnff.es/ Historical Memory Documentary Center, http://www.culturaydeporte.gob.es/cultura/areas/archivos/mc/archivos/cdmh/ portada.html Map of graves application, https://mapadefosas.mjusticia.es https://memoriahistorica.org.es

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