The Islamic World RARE BOOKS, MANUSCRIPTS and MAPS Spring 2017
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Those Plants. Table B.1-17 Costs Comparison Among Three Water
The Study on Master Plan on Renewable Water Resources Development in the Southwest Region in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia those plants. Table B.1-17 Costs Comparison among Three Water Alternative Sources Accounting Opportunity Economic Pipeline Grand Total Water Sources Cost Cost of Capital Cost Transmission C+d a b c=a+d d Riyadh’s New Wells Project 0.36 0.18 0.54 *- 0.54 Sharjah’s New Desalination Plant 0.35 0.17 0.52 1.32 1.84 Average 30 Desalination Plants 0.67 0.38 1.05 1.32 **2.37 (1998) * Included in accounting cost ** Including the value of electricity generated Source: Household water and sanitation services in Saudi Arabia: an analysis of economic, political and ecological issues 1.2 Natural Condition 1.2.1 Geography The study area lies on the south-western part of the Kingdom that rises abruptly from the Red Sea in the west and dips gently towards the Najd in the east. In the trunk of the study area, Hijaz Asir highlands rises up to about 3,000 meters in the south near Abha, while at northern boundary of the area near Taif, the elevation is about 1,500 meters (refer to Figure B.1-6 and Figure B.1-7). There is a distinct coastal plain, locally known as Tihama, separated from the hills by an imposing scarp wall that runs parallel to the Red Sea along 700 km in the study area. Toward the east forms the peak of Hijaz Asir highlands, hills peter out further east to the interior, and give way to an extensive plateau covered with lava flow (Harrat) of the area, and very thin veneer rock debris and alluvium over a basalt and crystalline basement, which is frequency outcrop as knolls and low hills. -
The Stage and Inheritance
1 The Stage and Inheritance he Indian subcontinent is the only subcontinent in the world. That in itself Ttells us that India possesses a unique geography while also being intrinsi- cally linked to the larger continent, Asia. These two impulses, a pull toward engagement as part of a larger whole and a push to be apart due to a unique ge- ography, have influenced India’s history and behavior through the ages and have determined the nature of her engagement with the world. Geography matters because it has consequences for policy, worldviews, and history. The “big geography” of Eurasia, to which the Indian subcontinent is at- tached, divides that landmass into a series of roughly parallel ecological zones, determined largely by latitude, ranging from tropical forest in the south to northern tundra. In between these extremes, are temperate woodlands and grasslands, desert-steppe, forest-steppe, the forest, and more open taiga. The zone of mixed grassland and woodland was the ecological niche for settled ag- riculture to develop in two areas—in southwest Asia, from the Nile valley to the Indus valley, and in southeast Asia including China—where civilizations, states, and empires grew. Of the two, its geography enabled southwest Asia to communicate easily. Throughout history, from the Nile to the Indus and later the Ganga, exchanges, migrations, and change were the rule with civilizations growing and developing in contact with one another even though they were separate geographically.1 The topography of the Indian subcontinent is open on three sides: the west, south, and east and is blocked off to the north by the Himalayan range. -
ARABIC THOUGHT and ISLAMIC SOCIETIES This Page Intentionally Left Blank ARABIC THOUGHT and ISLAMIC SOCIETIES
ROUTLEDGE LIBRARY EDITIONS: POLITICS OF ISLAM ARABIC THOUGHT AND ISLAMIC SOCIETIES This page intentionally left blank ARABIC THOUGHT AND ISLAMIC SOCIETIES AZIZ AL-AZMEH Volume 1 First published in 1986 This edition first published in 2013 by Routledge 2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon, OX14 4RN Simultaneously published in the USA and Canada by Routledge 711 Third Avenue, New York, NY 10017 Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business © 1986 Aziz Al-Azmeh All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers. Trademark notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe. British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library ISBN: 978-0-415-64437-2 (Set) eISBN: 978-0-203-07906-5 (Set) ISBN: 978-0-415-83072-0 (Volume 1) eISBN: 978-0-203-38146-5 (Volume 1) Publisher’s Note The publisher has gone to great lengths to ensure the quality of this reprint but points out that some imperfections in the original copies may be apparent. Disclaimer The publisher has made every effort to trace copyright holders and would welcome correspondence from those they have been unable to trace. Arabic Thought and Islamic Societies EXETER ARABIC AND ISLAMIC SERIES Arabic Thought and Islamic Societies Aziz Al-Azmeh ARABIC THOUGHT and ISLAMIC SOCIETICS AZIZ AL-AZMEH CROOM HELM London Sydney Dover, New Hampshire @ 1986 Aziz Al-Azmeh Croom Helm Ltd, Provident House, Burrell Row, Beckenham, Kent BR3 I AT Croom Helm Australia Pty Ltd, Suite 4, 6th Floor, 64-76 Kippax Street, Surry Hills, NSW 2010, Australia British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data Al-Azmeh, Aziz Arabic thought and Islamic societies. -
Reconnaissance Geology of the Jabal 4Afaf Quadrangle
SA(IR)-271 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR GEOLOGICAL SURVEY SAUDI ARABIAN MISSION PROJECT REPORT 271 RECONNAISSANCE GEOLOGY OF THE JABAL 4AFAF QUADRANGLE, SHEET 20/40 D, KINGDOM OF SAUDI ARABIA by Donald G. Hadley and Robert J. Fleck U. S. Geological Survey OPES F1IE ftp^ *U jhlu map Is preliminary- towoA onformity with Geological Survey PREPARED FO^^ or none DIRECTORATE GENERAL OF MIN*ER"AL RESOURCES MINISTRY OF PETROLEUM AND MINERAL RESOURCES JIDDAH, SAUDI ARABIA 1979 U. S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY SAUDI ARABIAN PROJECT REPORT 271 RECONNAISSANCE GEOLOGY OF THE JABAL 'AFAF QUADRANGLE SHEET 20/40 D, KINGDOM OF SAUDI ARABIA by Donald G. Hadley and Robert J. Fleck U. S. GeoJogr'eal S OPEN FILE REPORT This report *b preliminary and ha* not Ir***!!* e«i's*»d or reviewed for coniY.« '* : whh Geo!ofj:c«l Surrey »ta-:-J -cs or nomenclature. U.S. Geological Survey Jiddah, Saudi Arabia 1979 The work on which this report is based was performed in accordance with a cooperative agreement between the U. S. Geological Survey and the Ministry of Petroleum and Mineral Resources, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. This report is preliminary and has not been edited or renewed for conformity with U. S. Geological Survey standards and nomenclature. CONTENTS Page ABSTRACT ....................... 1 INTRODUCTION ..................... 2 PRECAMBRIAN ROCKS. .................. 5 Layered rocks .................. 5 Amphibolite .................. 5 Baish group .................. 6 Basalt, adesite, and subordinate interbedded volcaniclastic rocks ...... 6 Volcaniclastic rocks and subordinate interbedded basalt and andesite. ...... 7 Bahah group .................. 8 Biotite schist ............... 8 Hornblende schist. ............. 9 Ablah group .................. 9 Intrusive rocks ................. 12 Pre-Ablah intrusive rocks .......... -
“Gunpowder Empires” of the Islamic World During the Early Modern Era (1450-1750)! India 3 Continents: SE Europe, N
Let’s review the three “Gunpowder Empires” of the Islamic World during the Early Modern Era (1450-1750)! India 3 continents: SE Europe, N. Africa, SW Asia Persia (Iran today) Longest lasting- existed until the end of World War I Ended when Europeans (specifically the British) gained control Had a powerful army with artillery (muskets and cannons) Defeated the Safavids at the Battle of Chaldiran- set the Iran/Iraq boundary today Established by Turkish Muslim warriors Claimed descent from Mongols Ruled over a largely Hindu population Ruled over a diverse population with many Christians and Jews Leader called a sultan Leader called a shah Had emperors Religiously tolerant New syncretic belief: Sikhism Shi’a Sunni Defeated the Byzantine Empire- seized Constantinople The Persian spoken began to incorporate Arabic words Followed after the Delhi Sultanate Answer Key OTTOMAN EMPIRE SAFAVID EMPIRE MUGHAL EMPIRE ● 3 continents: SE Europe, N. ● Persia (Iran today) ● India Africa, SW Asia ● Had a powerful army with ● Ended when Europeans ● Longest-lasting: existed until artillery (muskets and cannons) (specifically the British) gained the end of World War I ● Leader called a shah control of India ● Had a powerful army with ● Religiously tolerant ● Had a powerful army with artillery (muskets and cannons) ● Shi’a artillery (muskets and cannons) ● Defeated Safavids at the Battle ● The Persian spoken began to ● Established by people of Chaldiran- set the Iran/Iraq incorporate Arabic words descended from Turkish Muslim boundary today warriors ● Established -
Downloaded File
See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/329572822 Interpretation in Muslim Philosophy Book · January 2012 CITATIONS READS 0 323 1 author: Abduljaleel Alwali United Arab Emirates University 3 PUBLICATIONS 0 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE All content following this page was uploaded by Abduljaleel Alwali on 11 December 2018. The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file. Interpretation in Muslim Philosophy By Prof. Abdul Jaleel Kadhim Al Wali Philosophy Department Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences United Arab Emirates University Al Ain Abu Dhabi UAE Phone: +971-50-663-6703 [email protected] Abstract Muslim philosophers had been preoccupied with the question of interpretation since the Islamic Philosophy was first developed by its founder Al Kindi till its interpretative maturity by Ibn Rushd who represents the maturity of rationalism in Islamic Arab philosophy. Rational option was the most suitable for Arab Muslim civilization as it expresses the vitality of civilization and its ability to interact with other contemporary civilizations and trends. Islamic philosophy interpretation themes are various as they adopted the following terms: 1. Interpreting the approval of the Greek philosophy in Muslim culture. 2. Interpreting the relationship between religion and philosophy. 3. Interpreting the relationship between Mind and Mind ( Plato and Aristotle ) 4. Interpreting the relationship between nature and Metaphysics. The goals of interpretation for Muslim philosophers are different as Al Kind pointed that they are oriented towards the Greek philosophy in general and towards religion and philosophy in particular while Al Farabi pointed that they are oriented towards the Greek philosophy in general and towards Plato and Aristotle. -
The Political Economy of King's Otto Reign
Tafter Journal scritto da George Tridimas il 15 Luglio 2017 When the Greeks Loved the Germans: The Political Economy of King’s Otto Reign This article has been first published on German-Greek Yearbook of Political Economy, vol. 1 (2017) [1] Abstract In 1832 Prince Otto Wittelsbach of Bavaria was appointed King of the newly founded independent Greek state. Otto’s reign was a momentous period for Greece, initially under Regency then under Otto as an absolute ruler and from 1843 as a constitutional monarch until his expulsion in 1862. Using the historical record the paper focuses on three political economy questions, namely, the rationale for the foundation of a state, which relates to the provision of public goods and rent distribution, the constitutional order of the state regarding the choice between monarchy or republic, and the emergence of democracy by revolution or evolution. Introduction An aspect of the ongoing multifaceted Greek debt crisis has been a strain in the relations between Greece and Germany, where members of the German cabinet have been caricatured as heartless fiscal disciplinarians and of the Greek cabinet as delinquent fiscal rule breakers. A moment’s calmer reflection reminds us that in modern times the relations between Greece and Germany have been long standing and steeped in mutual respect. A case in point is the reign of King Otto of Greece from the Bavarian royal house of Wittelsbach. Modern Greece rose formally as an independent nation state in 1832 with the seventeen year old Otto as its ruler. Otto was welcomed in Greece with jubilation. -
Theocracy Metin M. Coşgel Thomas J. Miceli
Theocracy Metin M. Coşgel University of Connecticut Thomas J. Miceli University of Connecticut Working Paper 2013-29 November 2013 365 Fairfield Way, Unit 1063 Storrs, CT 06269-1063 Phone: (860) 486-3022 Fax: (860) 486-4463 http://www.econ.uconn.edu/ This working paper is indexed on RePEc, http://repec.org THEOCRACY by Metin Coşgel* and Thomas J. Miceli** Abstract: Throughout history, religious and political authorities have had a mysterious attraction to each other. Rulers have established state religions and adopted laws with religious origins, sometimes even claiming to have divine powers. We propose a political economy approach to theocracy, centered on the legitimizing relationship between religious and political authorities. Making standard assumptions about the motivations of these authorities, we identify the factors favoring the emergence of theocracy, such as the organization of the religion market, monotheism vs. polytheism, and strength of the ruler. We use two sets of data to test the implications of the model. We first use a unique data set that includes information on over three hundred polities that have been observed throughout history. We also use recently available cross-country data on the relationship between religious and political authorities to examine these issues in current societies. The results provide strong empirical support for our arguments about why in some states religious and political authorities have maintained independence, while in others they have integrated into a single entity. JEL codes: H10, -
Hayy Ibn Yaqzan: Una Novela Filosófica De Ibn Tufayl
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad de Córdoba ISSN: 0213-1854 Hayy ibn Yaqzan: Una novela filosófica de Ibn Tufayl (Hayy ibn Yaqzan: A Philosophical Novel by Ibn Tufayl) ROY JACKSON [email protected] University of Gloucestershire Fecha de recepción: 21 de febrero de 2017 Fecha de aceptación: 31 de marzo de 2017 Resumen: Trabajo que aborda el relato filosófico Hayy ibn Yaqzan, titulado así por el héroe de la historia y escrito por el filósofo musulmán Ibn Tufayl (1105- 1185). Fue la primera novela árabe y se anticipó a obras europeas como Robinson Crusoe, de Daniel Defoe, y Emile, de Jean-Jacques Rousseau, así como al pensamiento de varios filósofos occidentales, incluidos Locke y Kant. Este artículo investiga los temas filosóficos contenidos en la novela, centrados en las cuestiones filosóficas clave de “¿qué podemos saber?” Y “¿cómo podemos saber?” Estas preguntas acompañan al ser humano desde el comienzo de la filosofía y siguen siendo importantes actualmente con un debate tan polémico sobre la veracidad de la experiencia no empírica. Palabras clave: Neoplatonismo. Iluminacionismo. Marifa. Orientalismo. Abstract: This is the philosophical tale Hayy ibn Yaqzan, named after the hero of this story and written by the Muslim philosopher Ibn Tufayl (1105-1185). It was the first Arabic novel, and anticipated such European works as Daniel Defoe’s Robinson Crusoe and Jean-Jacques Rousseau’s Emile, as well as the thought of a number of western philosophers including Locke and Kant. This paper will bring out the philosophical themes contained within the novel, centred on those key philosophical questions of ‘what can we know?’ and ‘how can we know?’. -
New Golden Age for Arabic Language and Translation
NEW GOLDEN AGE FOR ARABIC AFTERWORD LANGUAGE AND TRANSLATION “Translation is the foundation of a cultural renaissance, and opens the doors to intellectual enlightenment.” Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum, Vice President and Prime Minister of the UAE and Ruler of Dubai. Every day, Arabic proves to be a rich language capable of keeping abreast of the age in which we live. It is a language that can respond to any scientific, cultural, or social development. No surprise, therefore, that the Mohammed bin Rashid Al Mak- toum Knowledge Foundation cherishes and fosters Arabic through various initiatives such as Bilarabi and the Dubai International Program for Writing. “The Arabic language has suddenly begun to be perfect, and this is the strangest thing that has happened in human history. It has neither childhood nor aging,” said the late French philosopher Ernest Renan. This is something we Arabs understand well because it is the language that Allah Almighty has decided to speak to all people through the Holy Quran. This divine celebration of Arabic has contributed to its spread throughout the world since the great conquests of early Jamal bin Huwaireb Muslims. The language also showed its amazing ability to absorb CEO of Mohammed bin Rashid knowledge that was originally written down in other languages. Al Maktoum Knowledge Foundation We all know how translation into Arabic reached its zenith dur- ing the reign of the Abbasid Caliph Al-Ma’mun in Baghdad in 830 AD when he ordered translations into Arabic of books on medicine, mathemat- ics, science, astronomy, and philosophy developed by the Greeks, thus enriching the Arabic language and its vocabulary. -
International Educative Research Foundation and Publisher (Ierfp)
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR INNOVATION EDUCATION AND RESEARCH ONLINE ISSN: 2411-2933 PRINT - ISSN: 2411-3123 INTERNATIONAL EDUCATIVE RESEARCH FOUNDATION AND PUBLISHER (IERFP) Volume- 4 Number- 8 August Edition International Journal for Innovation Education and Research www.ijier.net Vol:-4 No-8, 2016 About the Journal Name: International Journal for Innovation Education and Research Publisher: Shubash Biswas International Journal for Innovation Education and Research 44/1 Kallyanpur Main road Mirpur, Dhaka 1207 Bangladesh. Tel: +8801827488077 Copyright: The journal or any part thereof may be reproduced for academic and research purposes with an appropriate acknowledgment and a copy of the publication sent to the editor. Written permission of the editor is required when the intended reproduction is for commercial purposes. All opinions, information’s and data published in the articles are an overall responsibility to the author(s). The editorial board does not accept any responsibility for the views expressed in the paper. Edition: August 2016 Publication fee: $100 and overseas. International Educative Research Foundation and Publisher ©2016 Online-ISSN 2411-2933, Print-ISSN 2411-3123 August 2016 Editorial Dear authors, reviewers, and readers It has been a month since I was given the privilege to serve as the Chief Editor of the International Journal for Innovation Education and Research (IJIER). It is a great pleasure for me to shoulder this duty and to welcome you to THE VOL-4, ISSUE-8 of IJIER which is scheduled to be published on 31st August 2016. International Journal for Innovation Education and Research (IJIER) is an open access, peer-reviewed and refereed multidisciplinary journal which is published by the International Educative Research Foundation and Publisher (IERFP). -
Land Use/Land Cover Assessment As Related to Soil and Irrigation Water Salinity Over an Oasis in Arid Environment
Open Geosciences 2020; 12: 220–231 Research Article Khalid G. Biro Turk*, and Abdullah S. Aljughaiman Land use/land cover assessment as related to soil and irrigation water salinity over an oasis in arid environment https://doi.org/10.1515/geo-2020-0103 Keywords: land use and land cover (LULC) changes, soil received July 4, 2019; accepted March 17, 2020 salinity (ECe), irrigation water salinity (ECiw),Al-Ahsa Abstract: The land use and land cover (LULC) changes and oasis the implications of soil and irrigation water salinity have adverse effects on crop production and the ecosystems of arid and semiarid regions. In this study, an attempt has been made to analyze and monitor the LULC changes using 1 Introduction multitemporal Landsat data for years 1986, 1998, 2007, and ( ) 2016 in Al-Ahsa Oasis, Saudi Arabia. In addition, efforts Thestudyoflanduseandlandcover LULC changes is were made to measure the spatial distribution of soil and essential for land management, environment, and strategy irrigation water salinity along the oasis. The supervised formulation regarding planning activities. Ecosystems are maximum likelihood classification method was applied to facing change results of human socioeconomic activities [ ] classify the individual images independently. Moreover, soil that occurred at local, regional, and global scales 1,2 . samples were collected at surface soil depth from the The LULC changes were assessed using remote sensing [ – ] [ ] selected LULC types, namely, date palm, croplands, and in many studies in Saudi Arabia 3 6 . Mallick et al. 2 bare land. Also, groundwater samples were collected from analyzed the LULC transformation in the Abha region – bore wells located in agricultural farms.