Wounded Warrior Or War Hero?
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University of Central Florida STARS Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2004-2019 2016 Wounded Warrior or War Hero? Or Maybe, Neither?: Resisting Common Tropes of the Veteran and Developing Digital Literacy Practices via Narrative Building and Identity Presentation in Social Networking Spaces Cassandra Branham University of Central Florida Part of the Military and Veterans Studies Commons, and the Social Media Commons Find similar works at: https://stars.library.ucf.edu/etd University of Central Florida Libraries http://library.ucf.edu This Doctoral Dissertation (Open Access) is brought to you for free and open access by STARS. It has been accepted for inclusion in Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2004-2019 by an authorized administrator of STARS. For more information, please contact [email protected]. STARS Citation Branham, Cassandra, "Wounded Warrior or War Hero? Or Maybe, Neither?: Resisting Common Tropes of the Veteran and Developing Digital Literacy Practices via Narrative Building and Identity Presentation in Social Networking Spaces" (2016). Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2004-2019. 5109. https://stars.library.ucf.edu/etd/5109 WOUNDED WARRIOR OR WAR HERO? OR MAYBE, NEITHER?: RESISTING COMMON TROPES OF THE VETERAN AND DEVELOPING DIGITAL LITERACY PRACTICES VIA NARRATIVE BUILDING AND IDENTITY PRESENTATION IN SOCIAL NETWORKING SPACES by CASSANDRA ANN BRANHAM B.A. University of South Florida, 2010 M.A. University of South Florida, 2012 A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the College of Arts and Humanities at the University of Central Florida Orlando, Florida Summer Term 2016 Major Professor: Stephanie Vie ©2016 Cassandra Branham ii ABSTRACT This project reports on the results of a study that investigated the social networking use of student and non-student veterans, with a particular focus on the narrative building and identity presentation practices involved in this use. In this dissertation, I argue that stereotypical and exclusionary tropes of the veteran, such as the veteran as war hero and the veteran as wounded warrior, are damaging to our veterans and to others, in both the society and the classroom. However, through the detailed analysis of survey data and data collected from an interview and social networking profile tour with one student veteran participant, I highlight the exclusionary nature of these tropes and argue that the complex digital narratives crafted in social networking spaces can offer resistance to popular tropes of the veteran. The complexity of my participants’ digital narratives also offers support for the argument that elements of one’s social networking profiles, when viewed independently and decontextualized, can lead to invalid and unfair assumptions about the users’ identity. Additionally, I argue that, for my participants, many of whom demonstrated a nuanced and critical understanding of audience, decisions to self-identify as military personnel in social networking spaces are intertwined with perceptions of privacy. Finally, this project culminates in the identification of a number of digital literacy practices present in my participants’ social networking use, as well as a set of pedagogical and programmatic recommendations for writing teachers and writing program administrators interested in aiding student veterans in the process of transition and reintegration. iii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Throughout the research and writing process of this project, I have been lucky enough to have been supported and guided by a group of brilliant, strong, and caring women, both inside of academia and out. I would like to thank these women, as well as a few men, here. Above all, thank you to my dissertation chair, Dr. Stephanie Vie, and the members of my dissertation committee, Dr. Mariana Grohowski, Dr. Angela Rounsaville, and Dr. Anastasia Salter. Each of you have inspired me as a scholar and provided excellent examples of female success in the academy. Dr. Vie, thank you for showing an interest in my work when I was your student. Thank you for guiding me through this project from the ground up, and most importantly, thank you for giving me the confidence I needed to complete this project. Dr. Grohowski, thank you for introducing yourself to me at CCCC 2015 in Tampa, FL. I am so privileged not only to have been introduced to your brilliant mind and vast knowledge of the field of veterans studies, but also to know that you see value in my work. Dr. Rounsaville, thank you for supporting my research since my first semester in my doctoral program. Thank you for helping me to develop my confidence as a research, as well as my voice. And Dr. Salter, thank you for joining my committee a bit later in the process and for being so willing to provide your feedback and expertise. Without you four extraordinary women, my dissertation project would surely not be the project that it is today. I certainly couldn’t have completed this project without my research participants, so thank you. A special thank you here goes to Jethro, who has gone above and beyond the commitments of a research participant. Without Jethro’s feedback and willingness to clarify and elucidate topics for me well after the initial stages of data collection, my analysis would have surely suffered. iv I also owe my thanks to some of my amazing colleagues, both at UCF and USF. Danielle Farrar, Megan McIntyre, and Clayton Benjamin, thank you for not only being my friends, but also for letting me talk through various stages of this project with each of you. Your academic and emotional support has helped me immensely. Robert Alexander, thanks for being the world’s best office mate, covering for me at events and meetings, and answering my endless questions about word choice and syntax. Noah Pearlstone, Wendy Dupree, Sandra Carpenter, and Ernest Buck, thank you for your valuable services as writing consultants—each of you enabled me to make important connections that I would not have seen without your help. Finally, I am filled with gratitude to my friends and family, all of whom have helped me to navigate this process in some way, though some have been instrumental to my success. Lori Feller, thank you for always being there for me no matter what, and thank you for helping me to take things as they come! You’ve been there for pretty much every life-changing event I’ve experienced in the last few years, and I wouldn’t have it any other way. Most importantly, thank you so much for your support toward the end of this process. I really couldn’t have done all of this without you. And last but certainly not least, a huge thank you to my mom, who instilled in me a love for language, literature, and education at an early age. I love you, and I am continually inspired by you. v TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF FIGURES ....................................................................................................................... xi LIST OF TABLES ....................................................................................................................... xvi CHAPTER 1: DIGITAL LITERACIES, SOCIAL NETWORKING TECHNOLOGIES, AND TROPES OF THE VETERAN ....................................................................................................... 1 Introduction ................................................................................................................................. 1 Tropes of the Veteran.................................................................................................................. 7 Veteran as Hero Trope .......................................................................................................... 10 Trope of the Wounded Warrior ............................................................................................. 12 Student Veterans in the College Writing Classroom ................................................................ 15 Defining Digital Literacy .......................................................................................................... 22 Digital Literacies and Social Networking Technologies .......................................................... 26 Social Networking Technologies, Identity, and Narrative........................................................ 29 U.S. Military and Social Networking Technologies ................................................................. 32 Organizational Use................................................................................................................ 32 Personal Use.......................................................................................................................... 36 Conclusion ................................................................................................................................ 40 CHAPTER 2: METHODS AND METHODOLOGIES ............................................................... 44 Introduction ............................................................................................................................... 44 Methodological Framework ...................................................................................................... 45 vi Qualitative Methods .............................................................................................................. 45 Critical Research Methods .................................................................................................... 52 Ethical Concerns in Digital Writing Research .........................................................................