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Research at the Norwegian Police University College

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Research at the Norwegian Police University College Research at the Norwegian Police University College Slemdalsveien 5 Postboks 5027, Majorstuen 0301 Oslo Tlf: 23 19 99 00 Faks: 23 19 99 01 www.phs.no 2017 © Politihøgskolen, Oslo 2018 Photo: Kai Spurkland p. 6, 27, 32, 48, and 66 Translation: Karin Elaine Aarnes Layout: Eileen Schreiner Berglie Print: Staples Research at the Norwegian Police University College 2017 2017was the first year in the new strategic period 2017-2021.Four major areas are emphasizedas being special focus areas in the new strategy: • Educatinga knowledgeablepolice service • Educatinga police service that are in the forefront with regard to developmentsin society and criminality • Educatinga police that prevent and fight crime in a digitalized society • Be a leading environmentwithin police research tion model, this also has a positive year deals with this exciting effect on the publication points project. attained. The research groups at PHS are The past number of years PHS now well established. Part of the has had strong focus on the aim of these groups is that they will development of applications to the strengthen the academic environ- Norwegian Research Council and ment at the college throughout the the EU’s Framework Programme. At various departments and locations. the end of 2017 PHS participated in After their establishment in 2016 In 2016 The Norwegian Police Uni- five projects financed by the Resear- several of the groups now have versity College (PHS) had a “record ch Council, one financed by the EU concrete projects in progress. This year” in achieving publication and one by EFTA funding. In additi- is good news! points – primarily because of the on, there are eleven projects either Special thanks to our academic high number of published mono- completely or partly financed by staff who contribute to making PHS graphs. We were therefore prepared funds from other external sources, an exciting and academically thriv- for a solid downturn in 2017, but and seven projects are being finan- ing workplace. Relevant research see that the number of scientific ced by PHS and a collaborating and knowledge development is publications has continued to incre- partner. decisive for the Norwegian police ase (even though the publication “Changing Police Methods” is and the Department of Justice. This points have slightly decreased). the largest ongoing research project is of particular importance during 2017 was also a good year for and is being funded by the Norwe- the current times of change. PHS Doctoral Degrees – four throughout gian Research Council. In the proje- will contribute towards ensuring the year. ct various relevant cases are being that the police work knowledge 2017 also experienced a high charted and analysed to examine based at all levels and in all types of number of articles and chapters trends in modern policing. The assignments. This is being facilitat- from PHS forming joint publicati- purpose of the project is to examine ed by providing research-based ons – which is a positive develop- the increasing intertwinement of knowledge in many channels, ment because it shows that staff at police methods used prior to a through the Bachelor studies and PHS are collaborating broadly with crime occurring (proactive poli- the Further Educations course. colleagues at other institutions of cing) and police measures after a education and research at home crime has occurred (reactive poli- and abroad. Due to the new calcula- cing). The introductory article this á Innhold Changing Police Methods 7 Increase and retain the proportion of academic staff with research competence 55 Presentations 15 R&D committee 55 PHS Research Conference 2017 15 Research groups 56 PHS as national academic coordinator. 18 Qualifying rounds at PHS 59 Further development of Police Science and Professor qualification group 60 increase of share of externally financed research 21 The doctorate group 61 Increasing national and international Research and Development 22 Docent group 71 Research projects in 2017 27 Senior Lecturer group 72 Projects financed with EU/EFTA fundingr 28 Be a clear and active channeller of knowledge Projects financed by the Ministry of Justice in academia, the police/judiciary and an active and Public Security 35 participant in social debate 73 Projects financed by the Police Directorate (POD) Academic and professional lectures 73 and the Norwegian Police Security Service (PST) 36 Academic and professional publications 75 Projects financed by Nordforsk 37 Publication points 76 Projects financed by other external National guidelines for open access 77 collaborating partners 38 Reported publications 79 Projects financed by PHS and various Reports/Theses 86 collaborating partners 40 Conference publications and academic presentations 89 Projects financed by PHS 43 6 Changing Police Methods The project “Changing Police Meth- and investigation have been sepa- support, organisation, tactical ods” has been ongoing since 2015. rate police methods, both in teach- investigation and police interviews The ambition behind the project is ing and in practice, and research in (see amongst others Bjerknes & to pick up changes in the police use these two areas has mostly taken Fahsing, 2018; Fahsing, 2016; Fah- of methods and to contribute to place within different disciplines. sing & Ask, 2016; Oxburgh, Mykle- new knowledge about the quality of Innovative police methods are bust, Grant & Milne, 2016; Walsh, policing and the police’s role in being explored as in-depth studies Oxburgh, Redlich & Myklebust, society. The Norwegian Research of different strategies/methods – 2016). Specialisation in the various Council has granted funding for the such as evidence-based policing, subject areas has provided many project as part of the programme, intelligence-led policing, hot-spot central and important research Strategic University College Pro- policing, problem-oriented polic- contributions which support re se- gramme which runs until 2021. ing and locally oriented policing arch-based teaching and practical When we started the project, (Buckley, 2014; Knutsson & Tomp- training. Nevertheless there is the aim was to explore the increas- son, 2017; Scott, Eck, Knutsson & little empirical research internatio- ing intertwinement of police meth- Goldstein 2017; Ratcliffe, 201; nally and in Norway which looks at ods being used prior to a crime Weisburd & Braga, 2006). Within how different legal rules and met- occurring (proactive policing) and investigation there is a long traditi- hods are used accumulatively and/ police measures after the crime on of researching themes such as or in a compensatory manner with has occurred (reactive policing). legal aspects, communication and the goal of attaining a police ser- Traditionally, crime prevention conversation techniques, decision vice that is as efficient and fair as 7 possible – using the least necessary Despite this, research into police crime along with situational and amount of force. methods has gone into more depth socially oriented crime prevention. within the separate methods than The argument is that combatting Intelligence assuming that they are used toget- and preventing crime are two sides The background for the project is her. Crime prevention policing has of the same story. Deterrence, the fact that there is no systematic traditionally focused on what hap- aversion and incapacitation are empirical research into how crime pens prior to investigation (Justis- mechanisms which are being dis- prevention, intelligence and og politidepartementet, 1998). In cussed on the same level as reduc- investigation are practically used addition, crime prevention was ing recruitment, normative barri- to prevent and combat crime and often perceived to be a more gener- ers and protecting vulnerable tar- disorder. Policing measures are ally integrated part of the criminal gets. It is here that collaboration seldom used separately; different justice procedures. The crime pre- with other partners comes in – this methods are often used as a tool- vention term is now being used to will be explained further below in box to stop, hinder, prevent and/ an increasing extent in a more connection with the Lime case. or investigate crimes. Crime pre- general sense and is being linked Cooperation between different vention police use, for example, to instruments used in criminal public authorities and disciplines coercive measures in investigation justice (see, for example, Bjørgo, in various complex criminal fields for preventing youth crime 2015, 2016), where all the links in can indeed lead to potential coor- (Holmboe, 2017). Examining met- the criminal justice chain will have dination challenges throughout. hods taken from investigation a preventive effect: arrest, prose- When we applied for funding, may be the basis of resolutions cution and sentence/punishment. we had selected a series of cases made within investigation and However, there is little empirical which were to be charted and anal- administrative law, for example, research which supports the collec- ysed in order to explore trends in confiscation of authorisations and tively preventive and individually modern policing. One project looks permissions. The goal of the intel- preventive effect of punishment. at the policing of economic and ligence doctrine – which has a Nevertheless, the criminal law organised crime. Annette Vestby is central position in the Community process is based on it having a cer- examining in her Doctoral Thesis Policing Reform – is improved tain preventive effect.
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