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Ethnobotany, Economics, and Cultural Significance of Traditional Hat Making in Two Districts of Central Panama
Michigan Technological University Digital Commons @ Michigan Tech Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports 2016 ETHNOBOTANY, ECONOMICS, AND CULTURAL SIGNIFICANCE OF TRADITIONAL HAT MAKING IN TWO DISTRICTS OF CENTRAL PANAMA Sam Clair Michigan Technological University, [email protected] Copyright 2016 Sam Clair Recommended Citation Clair, Sam, "ETHNOBOTANY, ECONOMICS, AND CULTURAL SIGNIFICANCE OF TRADITIONAL HAT MAKING IN TWO DISTRICTS OF CENTRAL PANAMA", Open Access Master's Thesis, Michigan Technological University, 2016. https://doi.org/10.37099/mtu.dc.etdr/232 Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.mtu.edu/etdr ETHNOBOTANY, ECONOMICS, AND CULTURAL SIGNIFICANCE OF TRADITIONAL HAT MAKING IN TWO DISTRICTS OF CENTRAL PANAMA By Samuel J. Clair A THESIS Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE In Forestry MICHIGAN TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY 2016 © 2016 Samuel J. Clair This thesis has been approved in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE in Forestry. School of Forest Resources and Environmental Science Thesis Advisor: Dr. Molly Cavaleri Committee Member: Dr. Blair Orr Committee Member: Dr. Audrey Mayer School Dean: Dr. Terry Sharik TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF FIGURES ....................................................................................................................... v LIST OF TABLES ........................................................................................................................ vi ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS -
Identification of Phylogenetic Clusters
Infection, Genetics and Evolution 9 (2009) 933–940 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Infection, Genetics and Evolution journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/meegid Analysis of HIV-1 pol sequences from Panama: Identification of phylogenetic clusters within subtype B and detection of antiretroviral drug resistance mutations§ Sara Ahumada-Ruiz a,b, Dario Flores-Figueroa c, Iva´n Toala-Gonza´lez c, Michael M. Thomson a,* a Centro Nacional de Microbiologı´a, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, Ctra. Majadahonda-Pozuelo, Km. 2, 28220 Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain b Laboratorio de Microbiologı´a Experimental y Aplicada, Universidad de Panama´, Panama c Departamento de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Caja del Seguro Social de Panama´, Panama ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Article history: We report the first study to examine phylogenetic relationships and drug resistance mutations in HIV-1 Received 13 February 2009 pol sequences from Panama. For this study, we used plasma RNA samples from 135 HIV-1-infected Received in revised form 13 June 2009 subjects from Panama, of which 82 (61%) had AIDS and 53 (39%) were asymptomatic drug-naı¨ve Accepted 15 June 2009 individuals. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that 133 (98%) subjects were infected with subtype B viruses Available online 24 June 2009 and 2 AIDS patients harboured recombinant viruses, CRF02_AG/A3 and CRF12_BF/B, respectively. Using a Bayesian phylogeny inference method, 5 strongly supported clusters of 5 sequences, designated B- Keywords: PA1 to B-PA5, were identified within subtype B, together comprising 87 (65.4%) subtype B viruses. HIV-1 Cluster B-PA1 (n = 42) was significantly associated with East Panama and clusters B-PA2 (n = 15) and B- Panama Subtype B PA4 (n = 10) were associated with West Panama. -
Diptera: Psychodidae) in Two Rural Areas of Western Panamá
insects Article Diversity, Co-Occurrence, and Nestedness Patterns of Sand Fly Species (Diptera: Psychodidae) in Two Rural Areas of Western Panamá Chystrie A. Rigg 1,* , Milixa Perea 1, Kadir González 1 , Azael Saldaña 1,2, José E. Calzada 1, Yan Gao 3 , Nicole L. Gottdenker 4 and Luis Fernando Chaves 5,* 1 Departamento de Investigación en Parasitología, Instituto Conmemorativo Gorgas de Estudios de la Salud (ICGES), Ciudad de Panamá 0816-02593, Panama; [email protected] (M.P.); [email protected] (K.G.); [email protected] (A.S.); [email protected] (J.E.C.) 2 Centro de Investigación y Diagnóstico de Enfermedades Parasitarias (CIDEP), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Panamá, Ciudad de Panamá 4 3366, Panama 3 Centro de Investigaciones en Geografía Ambiental (CIGA), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Morelia 58190, Michoacán, Mexico; [email protected] 4 Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Center for the Ecology of Infectious Diseases (CEID), University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA; [email protected] 5 Instituto Costarricense de Investigación y Enseñanza en Nutrición y Salud (INCIENSA), Tres Ríos, Cartago 4-2250, Costa Rica * Correspondence: [email protected] (C.A.R.); [email protected] (L.F.C.) Simple Summary: Sand flies are insects that can transmit the parasites causing leishmaniasis, a major neglected tropical disease. In the Americas, these insects are highly diverse, and unlike what is observed for other vector-borne diseases, many species co-occur in sites where this disease affects human populations. Here, we present results from a two-year-long study where we study how the Citation: Rigg, C.A.; Perea, M.; number of species changes in two rural areas of Western Panamá with different land use cover and González, K.; Saldaña, A.; Calzada, through the dry and wet seasons. -
Infectious Diseases of Panama
INFECTIOUS DISEASES OF PANAMA Stephen Berger, MD Infectious Diseases of Panama - 2013 edition Infectious Diseases of Panama - 2013 edition Stephen Berger, MD Copyright © 2013 by GIDEON Informatics, Inc. All rights reserved. Published by GIDEON Informatics, Inc, Los Angeles, California, USA. www.gideononline.com Cover design by GIDEON Informatics, Inc No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means without written permission from the publisher. Contact GIDEON Informatics at [email protected]. ISBN-13: 978-1-61755-577-0 ISBN-10: 1-61755-577-0 Visit http://www.gideononline.com/ebooks/ for the up to date list of GIDEON ebooks. DISCLAIMER: Publisher assumes no liability to patients with respect to the actions of physicians, health care facilities and other users, and is not responsible for any injury, death or damage resulting from the use, misuse or interpretation of information obtained through this book. Therapeutic options listed are limited to published studies and reviews. Therapy should not be undertaken without a thorough assessment of the indications, contraindications and side effects of any prospective drug or intervention. Furthermore, the data for the book are largely derived from incidence and prevalence statistics whose accuracy will vary widely for individual diseases and countries. Changes in endemicity, incidence, and drugs of choice may occur. The list of drugs, infectious diseases and even country names will vary with time. Scope of Content: Disease designations may reflect a specific pathogen (ie, Adenovirus infection), generic pathology (Pneumonia - bacterial) or etiologic grouping (Coltiviruses - Old world). Such classification reflects the clinical approach to disease allocation in the Infectious Diseases Module of the GIDEON web application. -
The World Bank Public Disclosure Authorized
Document of The World Bank Public Disclosure Authorized ReportNo. 15109-PAN STAFF APPRAISAL REPORT Public Disclosure Authorized THE REPUBLIC OF PANAMA BASIC EDUCATION PROJECT Public Disclosure Authorized FEBRUARY 29, 1996 Public Disclosure Authorized Country Department II Human Resources Operations Division Latin America and the Caribbean Regional Office CURRENCY AND EQUIVALENT UNITS US$ 1.00 = 1.00 Balboa (B) FISCAL YEAR January 1 - December 31 SCHOOL YEAR March-December GLOSSARY OF ACRONYMS CAS Country Assistance Strategy CEFACEI Community and Family Center for Initial Education (Centro Familiary Comunitario de EducacionInicial) COIF Center of Infant and FamnilyOrientation (Centros de Orientacidn Infantily Familiar) ERP Economic Recovery Program ERL Economic Recovery Loan FES Social Emergency Fund (Fondo de Emergencia Social) GDP Gross Domestic Product GNP Gross National Product GOP Government of Panama ICB International Competitive Bidding IDB Inter-American Development Bank IFARHU Institute for Training and Progress in Human Resources (Instituto para la Formaci6n y Aprovechamientode RecursosHumanos) IFI International Financial Institutions LIB Lirnited International Bidding MIPPE Ministry of Planning and Economic Policy (Ministerio de Planificaci6n y Politica Econ6mica) MOE Ministry of Education (Ministerio de Educaci6n) NCB National Competitive Bidding NGO Nongovernmental Organization OAS Organization of American States PAU Project Administration Unit SOE Statement of Expenses UNESCO United Nations Educational, Scientific,and Cultural -
Category III Environmental Impact Study Panama Canal Expansion
TABLE OF CONTENTS 3.0 PROJECT DESCRIPTION.......................................................................................... 31 3.1 Project Objectives and Justification ................................................................ 31 3.1.1 Background .......................................................................................... 32 3.1.1.1 Infrastructure of the Existing Canal........................................... 33 3.1.1.2 Improvement and Modernization of the Existing Canal............. 36 3.1.2 Objectives ...........................................................................................310 3.1.3 Justification .........................................................................................312 3.1.4 Analysis of Project Alternatives...........................................................315 3.1.4.1 Alternatives Studied................................................................314 3.1.4.2 NonImplementation Alternative.............................................326 3.1.5 Selected Alternative............................................................................326 3.1.5.1 Locks Characteristics ..............................................................327 3.1.5.2 Access and Navigation Channels.............................................330 3.1.5.3 Measures to Ensure Water Supply...........................................331 3.1.5.4 Atlantic Side Vehicle Crossing................................................335 3.2 Geographical Location of the Project ..............................................................335 -
One Is None and Two Is One : Development from Above and Below
U OE E L3BRARIES ONE IS NONE AND TWO IS ONE: DEVELOPMENT FROM ABOVE AND BELOW IN NORTH-CENTRAL PANAMA By lUZ GRACIELA JOLY A DISSERTATION PRESENTED TO THE GRADUATE COUNCIL OF THE UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA Copyright (?) I98I hy Luz Graciela Joly This work is dedicated to the memory of Graoiela Isabel Adames and Manuel Dolores Joly who gave me their lives, and to the Baturales i PlayeroSy and Interioranos of the Costa Abajo who incorporated me into their lives. PREFACE The proverb "One is none and two is one" in the title of this work illustrates several points. First, it incorporates the sociolinguistic component of the ethnography, both as theory and as method. Theoretical- ly I » agree with the definition of ethnography as an inscription of social discourse, that is, a record of the ethnographer's personal experience in conversing analytically with other humans about their lives (Geertz 1973: 13). When as an anthropologist I assme the role of an activist and par- ticipant observer (Elmendorf 1976: U, 7-8) in the events of other humans, they are not subjects of study but fellow members of our species who have knowledge and experiences to share with me and with whom I can argue, dis- cuss, and converse rationally about o\ar behavior in "a process of mutual learning" (Freire 1971). In talking about their production for subsistence and marketing, as well as in talking about all other aspects of their lives, the human groups in the Cosicc Abajo (Lower Coast) or north—central Panama, who 6ire Spanish speakers, frequently lose proverbs or sayings that "take us into the heart of that of which they are the interpretation" (Geertz 1973:18). -
Panama Canal Authority Sustainable Forest Cover Establishment Project
PANAMA CANAL AUTHORITY SUSTAINABLE FOREST COVER ESTABLISHMENT PROJECT Project Design Document for Climate, Community & Biodiversity Standards (CCBS) Second Edition Prepared by MGM Innova September, 2010 Panama Canal Authority Sustainable Forest Cover Establishment Project Versión Elaboró Revisó Aprobó Nombre Jorge Ramírez GautamDutt 1. Primer informe Fecha Julio 16 de 2010 Julio 19 de 2010 Nombre Jorge Ramírez Gautam Dutt 2. Segundo informe Fecha Sept. 2010 Sept. 2010 Nombre Jorge Ramírez Alejandro Rueda Gautam Dutt 3. Tercer informe Fecha Oct. 2010 Oct. 2010 Nov. 2010 Nov. 2010 2 Carrera 43A#1-50. San Fernando Plaza – Torre 4, oficina 315. Tel: +57.4.3260584 www.mgminnova.com Panama Canal Authority Sustainable Forest Cover Establishment Project PROJECT OVERVIEW Location of the project Country: Panama Nearest City: Panama City. Center of the Project Activities: Panama Canal Authority. Geographic coordinates 8°58’53”N- 79°34’37’’W. Implementing organization The Panama Canal Authority (ACP according to its initials in Spanish) is the entity of the Government of Panama in charge of the operation, administration, management, preservation, maintenance, and modernization of the Panama Canal, as well as its activities and related services, pursuant to legal and constitutional regulations in force, so that the Canal may operate in a safe, continuous, efficient, and profitable manner. Also, the project has the support of other institutions which have jurisdiction over the project site, included ANAM (Autoridad Nacional del Ambiente – Panama national Environmental Authority), MIDA (Ministerio de Desarrollo Agropecuario de Panamá – Ministry of Agricultural Development of Panama) and BDA (Banco de Desarrollo Agropecuario – Agricultural Development Bank). Project background Completion of the Panama Canal in 1914 led to recognition of the importance of the Panama Canal Watershed (PCW) that supports the millions of gallons of water required for each ship to pass through the Canal. -
Table of Contents
TABLE OF CONTENTS 6.0 DESCRIPTION OF THE SOCIOECONOMIC SITUATION .......…………………….. 61 6.1 Introduction …………………………………………………………………… 61 6.2 Panama General Aspects 6.2.1 Panama – Political and Administrative Organization …………………. 64 6.2.2 Panama – Demography………………………………………………….64 6.2.3 Panama – Health ………………………………………………………. 65 6.2.4 Panama – Education ……………………………………………………65 6.2.5 Panama – Economic Activities………………………………………… 66 6.2.6 Panama – Basic Services and Infrastructure... ………………………… 66 6.2.7 Panama– Migration ….......................................................................... 68 6.2.8 Panama– Citizen Security....................................................................610 6.3 Current Use of Adjacent Lands Areas .............................................................612 6.3.1 Eastern Pacific Urban Zone ...............................................................612 6.3.2 Zone 2 – Western Pacific Urban ..........................................................612 6.3.3 Zone 3 – Atlantic Urban .....................................................................613 6.3.4 Zone 4 Transisthmian Corridor .........................................................613 6.3.5 Zone 5 Gatun Lake and Costa Abajo de Colon ..................................613 6.3.6 Zone 6 – Taboga Island .......................................................................614 6.4 Properties and Infrastructures .........................................................................614 6.4.1 Gatun Lake Infrastructures -
Indice General 2 Resumen Ejecutivo
Estudio de Impacto Ambiental Categoría III Proyecto Saneamiento Arraiján - La Chorrera P.T.A.R. “Río Caimito” INDICE GENERAL 2 RESUMEN EJECUTIVO ..................................................................................................... 2-6 2.1 Datos Generales del Promotor ...................................................................................... 2-6 2.2 Breve Descripción del Proyecto ................................................................................... 2-7 2.2.1 Inversión ................................................................................................................. 2-10 2.3 Síntesis de las Características del Área de Influencia del Proyecto ........................... 2-11 2.3.1 Definición del Área de Influencia del Proyecto ..................................................... 2-12 2.3.1.1 Área de Influencia Directa (AID) o Huella del Proyecto ............................... 2-13 2.3.1.2 Área de Influencia Indirecta (AII) .................................................................. 2-14 2.3.1.3 Análisis del Medio Físico ............................................................................... 2-19 2.3.1.4 Formaciones Geológicas Regionales ............................................................. 2-19 2.3.1.5 Caracterización de Usos del Suelo ................................................................. 2-20 2.3.1.6 Capacidad de Uso y Aptitud ........................................................................... 2-20 2.3.1.7 Topografía ..................................................................................................... -
Cobertura Del Servicio De Telefonía Local
Cobertura del Servicio de Telefonía local Provincia Distrito Corregimiento Barrio BOCAS DEL TORO BOCAS DEL TORO BOCAS DEL TORO BARRIADA LOMA ESPINA BOCAS DEL TORO BOCAS DEL TORO BOCAS DEL TORO BARRIADA "Y" GRIEGA BOCAS DEL TORO BOCAS DEL TORO BOCAS DEL TORO BARRIADA EL COJO BOCAS DEL TORO BOCAS DEL TORO BOCAS DEL TORO BIG CREEK BOCAS DEL TORO BOCAS DEL TORO BOCAS DEL TORO FERIA DEL MAR BOCAS DEL TORO BOCAS DEL TORO BOCAS DEL TORO ISLA COLON BOCAS DEL TORO BOCAS DEL TORO BOCAS DEL TORO LAS CABAÑAS BOCAS DEL TORO CHANGUINOLA ALMIRANTE BARRIADA DE CHANG BOCAS DEL TORO CHANGUINOLA ALMIRANTE BARRIADA AEROPUERTO BOCAS DEL TORO CHANGUINOLA ALMIRANTE BARRIADA MIVI BOCAS DEL TORO CHANGUINOLA ALMIRANTE BARRIADA NUEVO ALMIRANTE BOCAS DEL TORO CHANGUINOLA ALMIRANTE BARRIADA NUEVO ALMIRANTE (SAN AGUSTIN) BOCAS DEL TORO CHANGUINOLA ALMIRANTE BARRIO CONEJO BOCAS DEL TORO CHANGUINOLA ALMIRANTE BARRIO FRANCES BOCAS DEL TORO CHANGUINOLA ALMIRANTE BARRIO GUAYMI BOCAS DEL TORO CHANGUINOLA ALMIRANTE LAS VEGAS BOCAS DEL TORO CHANGUINOLA ALMIRANTE MEDIA MILLA BOCAS DEL TORO CHANGUINOLA ALMIRANTE MILLA 1 BOCAS DEL TORO CHANGUINOLA ALMIRANTE MILLA 2 BOCAS DEL TORO CHANGUINOLA ALMIRANTE TAMPICO BOCAS DEL TORO CHANGUINOLA ALMIRANTE VILLA DEL INDIO BOCAS DEL TORO CHANGUINOLA ALMIRANTE ZEGLA BOCAS DEL TORO CHANGUINOLA CHANGUINOLA BARRIADA ARCO IRIS BOCAS DEL TORO CHANGUINOLA CHANGUINOLA BARRIADA BETEL BOCAS DEL TORO CHANGUINOLA CHANGUINOLA BARRIADA CHEYENNE BOCAS DEL TORO CHANGUINOLA CHANGUINOLA BARRIADA EL CANGREJO BOCAS DEL TORO CHANGUINOLA CHANGUINOLA BARRIADA -
World Bank Document
Report No. 44062-PA Republic of Panama Public Disclosure Authorized Country Environmental Analysis Public Disclosure Authorized June 23, 2008 Sustainable Development Department Latin America and the Caribbean Region Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Document of the World Bank CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS Currency unit = Balboa 1 US Dollar = 1 Balboa FISCAL YEAR January 1 – December 31 Vice President: Pamela Cox Country Director: Laura Frigenti Sector Director: Laura Tuck Sector Manager: Laura E. Tlaiye Acting Sector Leader: Emmanuel A. James Task Manager: Juan Carlos Belausteguigoitia Table of Contents Acronyms and Abbreviations ........................................................................................... i Acknowledgments ............................................................................................................ iv Executive Summary .......................................................................................................... v I. Introduction ................................................................................................................... 1 1. Development Objectives, Natural Resources, and the Environment ......................... 1 2. Development Plan and Bank Assistance.................................................................... 2 3. Main Environmental Problems and New Pressures on Natural Resources ............... 2 4. Rationale, Objectives and Approach, and Value Added............................................ 5 5. Organization ..............................................................................................................