DOCSLIB.ORG

Game Engine Licensing Will Also Cut Down the Development Time, Which Is Good for the Project Funding

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Game Engine Licensing Will Also Cut Down the Development Time, Which Is Good for the Project Funding Helsinki School of Economics and Business Administration ABSTRACT Department of Economics - Technology Management and Policy Master’s Thesis July 31, 2000 Jens Wilke SOFTWARE LICENSING IN INTERACTIVE ENTERTAINMENT INDUSTRY Research Problem and Objectives of the Study The objective of the study is to study licensing of software development tools in the interactive entertainment industry. First objective was to find a market model describing the industry. Second objective was to study how well tools like game theory used in industrial economics could be applied in this industry branch. Additional points of interest were company strategies, especially including the aspects of technology leadership and product pricing. A study was conducted in order to find out, if discriminatory pricing practices were used in the industry. Data and Methodology The work began with an overall study of the industry in order to find out the industry characteristics. Many of the assumed facts originate from the openly published interviews of the prominent developers, and some of the information came directly from personal interviews or communication via email. One problem in the study was that pricing and licensing information wasn’t very easily available. This was due to the fact that many companies considered that as sensitive information and weren’t willing to disclose their pricing strategy. At the end of this work a case considering the Finnish company Hybrid Holding Ltd. was conducted. Interviews and studies using several Internet search engines and screenings of Internet news groups were used to study Hybrid’s position in the industry. As the industry is young and in constant change, unfortunately no larger amounts of data could be gathered in order to study the market using statistic tools or to apply models game theory. Results of the Study A market model defining the industry was found. It became clear that due to the product characteristics, the mathematical modeling of economical dependencies between the competitors is a rather complex task. At the end of this work is the case describing the situation of the Finnish software company Hybrid. Their current market position was analyzed and several suggestions about company future strategy are made. Keywords software licensing, price discrimination, interactive entertainment industry, game engine, graphics library Table of contents 1....Introduction..................................................................... 6 1.1 GAMING INDUSTRY ................................................................................6 1.2 STRUCTURE OF THIS WORK ......................................................................8 1.3 SUBJECT OF THIS WORK ..........................................................................8 1.3.1 Game engines................................................................................9 1.3.2 Graphics libraries ...........................................................................9 1.4 CHARACTERISTICS OF THIS WORK ..............................................................10 1.5 CASE HYBRID HOLDING ..........................................................................11 2....Industry overview............................................................ 12 2.1 INDUSTRY OVERVIEW .............................................................................12 2.1.1 History..........................................................................................12 2.1.2 Different platforms .........................................................................13 2.1.3 Scope of the industry......................................................................15 2.1.4 Demographics................................................................................15 2.2 CONTENDERS ......................................................................................16 2.2.1 Worldwide heavyweights .................................................................16 2.2.2 Finnish contenders .........................................................................17 2.3 PRODUCTION PROCESS ...........................................................................18 2.4 INDUSTRY RISKS...................................................................................19 2.4.1 Increasing risks .............................................................................19 2.4.2 Risk reduction with technology licensing............................................21 2.5 PRODUCT NATURE AND MARKET CHARACTERISTICS ...........................................22 2.6 MARKET STRUCTURE CONSIDERATIONS ........................................................24 2.6.1 Monopoly and dominant firm model ..................................................25 2.6.2 Perfect competition.........................................................................26 2.6.3 Oligopoly.......................................................................................26 2.6.4 Oligopoly conclusions......................................................................29 2.6.5 Monopolistic competition .................................................................29 2.6.6 Monopolistic competition conclusions ................................................32 2.7 SIGNIFICANCE OF CUSTOMER INFORMATION...................................................33 Table of contents 3 3....Developer strategy........................................................... 36 3.1 TWO APPROACHES TO ENGINE LICENSING......................................................37 3.1.1 Engine as a byproduct of game development .....................................37 3.1.2 Pure engines .................................................................................39 3.1.3 Conclusions ...................................................................................40 3.2 R&D STRATEGY....................................................................................41 3.2.1 Technology leaders.........................................................................41 3.2.2 Fringe competition .........................................................................43 3.3 SIGNIFICANCE OF MARKET SHARE...............................................................44 4....Licensing.......................................................................... 46 4.1 THEORY CONSIDERATIONS .......................................................................46 4.1.1 Evolutionary flow of innovations .......................................................46 4.1.2 Asymmetric information about the product ........................................47 4.1.3 Switching costs ..............................................................................48 4.1.4 Protection of intellectual rights.........................................................49 4.2 LICENSOR CONSIDERATIONS.....................................................................50 4.3 LICENSEE CONSIDERATIONS .....................................................................51 4.4 INCREASING SIGNIFICANCE OF SERVICE & PARTNERSHIP....................................52 4.5 REAL WORLD LICENSING..........................................................................52 4.5.1 Major licensors...............................................................................52 4.5.2 Challengers ...................................................................................53 5....Pricing schemes ............................................................... 55 5.1 PRODUCTION COSTS ..............................................................................55 5.2 LICENSE PRICING..................................................................................55 5.2.1 Fixed fee.......................................................................................56 5.2.2 Fixed fee & royalties .......................................................................56 5.2.3 Royalties only ................................................................................57 5.3 DISCRIMINATORY PRICING .......................................................................58 5.3.1 First degree price discrimination.......................................................58 5.3.2 Third degree price discrimination......................................................59 5.3.3 Second degree price discrimination...................................................59 5.4 PRODUCT VERSIONING............................................................................60 5.4.1 Single two-part tariff ......................................................................60 Table of contents 4 5.4.2 Two two-part tariffs........................................................................62 5.4.3 Bundling and tie-ins .......................................................................63 5.4.4 Quantity discounts .........................................................................66 5.4.5 Quality discrimination .....................................................................66 5.4.6 The number of versions offered........................................................69 5.5 SUMMARY OF DISCRIMINATORY PRICING .......................................................70 6....Case: Hybrid holding’s Surrender 3D toolkit..................... 71 6.1 COMPANY OVERVIEW ..............................................................................71 6.1.1 Business concept............................................................................73 6.1.2 Licensees ......................................................................................73
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Gaming Cover Front
    Gaming A Technology Forecast Implications for Community & Technical Colleges in the State of Texas Authored by: Jim Brodie Brazell Program Manager for Research Programs for Emerging Technologies Nicholas Kim IC² Institute Program Director Honoria Starbuck, PhD. Eliza Evans, Ph.D. Michael Bettersworth, M.A. Digital Games: A Technology Forecast Authored by: Jim Brodie Brazell Nicholas Kim Honoria Starbuck, PhD. Program Manager for Research, IC² Institute Eliza Evans, Ph.D. Contributors: Melinda Jackson Aaron Thibault Laurel Donoho Research Assistants: Jordan Rex Matthew Weise Programs for Emerging Technologies, Program Director Michael Bettersworth, M.A. DIGITAL GAME FORECAST >> February 2004 i 3801 Campus Drive Waco, Texas 76705 Main: 254.867.3995 Fax: 254.867.3393 www.tstc.edu © February 2004. All rights reserved. The TSTC logo and the TSTC logo star are trademarks of Texas State Technical College. © Copyright IC2 Institute, February 2004. All rights reserved. The IC2 Institute logo is a trademark of The IC2 Institute at The Uinversity of Texas at Austin. This research was funded by the Carl D. Perkins Vocational and Technical Act of 1998 as administered by the Texas Higher Education Coordinating Board. ii DIGITAL GAME FORECAST >> February 2004 Table of Contents List of Tables ............................................................................................................................................. v List of Figures ..........................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • October 1998
    OCTOBER 1998 GAME DEVELOPER MAGAZINE V GAME PLAN It’s First and Goal for EDITOR IN CHIEF Alex Dunne [email protected] MANAGING EDITOR Tor D. Berg [email protected] Fantasy Sports DEPARTMENTS EDITOR Wesley Hall whall@mfi.com his fall, as the leaves turn success stories. Unlike the traditional ART DIRECTOR Laura Pool lpool@mfi.com shades of orange and the days studio’s royalty revenue model, SWS has EDITOR-AT-LARGE Chris Hecker grow shorter, one of the two revenue streams: a two-year licens- [email protected] largest, most massively multi- ing agreement to develop more than 40 CONTRIBUTING EDITORS Jeff Lander T [email protected] player games picks up steam and sucks online games for CNN/SI (http://base- in participants. It’s a role-playing game ball.cnnsi.com), plus revenue from ban- Mel Guymon [email protected] that draws tens of thousands (gads, ner advertising displayed on the CNN/SI Omid Rahmat probably more) of players, and if my game’s web pages, which garner 50 mil- [email protected] predictions are right, it will be one of lion page views per month. Surprisingly, ADVISORY BOARD Hal Barwood the most popular attractions on the and in contrast to most commercial fan- Noah Falstein eventual TV set-top box. I’m talking tasy leagues, some of the CNN/SI Brian Hook about fantasy football leagues. leagues are free for participants and Susan Lee-Merrow It’s taken quite a bit of time for me to offer cash prizes for winners. These are Mark Miller 2 accept the fact that fantasy league sports the guppy leagues which, hopefully, (there are also fantasy leagues for base- entice the most enthusiastic players to COVER IMAGE Epic MegaGames ball, hockey, and perhaps even pro join the premiere leagues for $15.
    [Show full text]
  • Resume / Cover Letter / Sample Code Updated May 2009
    http://www.enigmasoftware.ca/henry/Resume2009.html Resume / Cover Letter / Sample Code Updated May 2009 Henry Smith [email protected] home: (780) 642-2822 Available September 2009 cell: (780) 884-7044 15 people have recommended Henry Currently in: Edmonton, AB Canada Objective Senior programmer position at a world-class game development studio Interested in GUI programming/design, rapid prototyping, scripting languages, and engine architecture Skills Eight years of game industry experience, plus many more as a hobbyist Expert C++/C programmer Development experience on PC, Mac, Console, Handheld, and Flash platforms Published indie/shareware developer Languages Expert in C++/C, ActionScript 2 Familiar with Ruby, Python, Lua, JavaScript, UnrealScript, XML Exposure to various teaching languages (Scheme, ML, Haskell, Eiffel, Prolog) Tech Familiar with Scaleform GFx, Flash, Unity, STL, Boost, Perforce Exposure to Unreal Engine, NetImmerse/Gamebryo, iPhone, OpenGL Experience BioWare Senior GUI programmer on Dragon Age: Origins Senior Programmer Architected and maintained a GUI framework in C++ and Flash/ActionScript used for all game UI Edmonton, AB Canada Mentored a junior programmer 2004—present Spearheaded a “Study Lunch” group for sharing technical knowledge and expertise Member of the (internal) Technology Architecture Group Worked with many aspects of the game engine including: graphics, input, game-rules, scripting, tools Irrational Games Designed and built several major game systems for a PS2 3rd-person action title, using C++,
    [Show full text]
  • In Scientific Research
    Michael Lewis and Jeffrey Jacobson GAME ENGINES IN SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH SERIOUS COMPUTATIONAL province of the military and high-end VR labs seek- ing to drive costly peripherals such as Caves, data- RESULTS ARE DERIVED FROM gloves, and head-mounted displays (HMDs). In COMPUTER-BASED GAMES. the past two years, however, the situation has changed remarkably. Now the mass market for ix-figure workstations and custom soft- computer games, grown even larger than the movie ware are not producing the best graphics industry, has expropriated the best in computer or virtual reality simulations anymore. hardware and software for itself. The most sophisti- Today, the only way to have the fastest, cated rendering pipelines are now found not on most realistic simulations and sophisti- specialized scientific machines but on PC video Scated graphics is to trade down from the expensive cards costing less than $500. The most sophisti- gear to standard PCs running game software. Vir- cated, responsive interactive simulations are now tual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR), and found in the engines built to power games. high-fidelity physical simulation have long posed Despite the stigma of violence and gore associ- too high a barrier to entry for any but the most gen- ated with first-person games, there has been a long erously funded researchers. Significant advances in history of unpublicized cooperation between com- computer graphics in these areas have traditionally puter scientists and the game industry [1, 2]. depended on expensive, specialized graphics hard- Games have provided the first and sometimes the ware running on scientific workstations. High- only market for advanced graphics techniques, fidelity simulation/graphics software has also demonstrating the extent to which realism could remained an expensive niche market largely the be conjured up even from relatively weak graphics COMMUNICATIONS OF THE ACM January 2002/Vol.
    [Show full text]
  • Re-Purposing Commercial Entertainment Software for Military Use
    Calhoun: The NPS Institutional Archive Theses and Dissertations Thesis Collection 2000-09 Re-purposing commercial entertainment software for military use DeBrine, Jeffrey D. Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School http://hdl.handle.net/10945/26726 HOOL NAV CA 9394o- .01 NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL Monterey, California THESIS RE-PURPOSING COMMERCIAL ENTERTAINMENT SOFTWARE FOR MILITARY USE By Jeffrey D. DeBrine Donald E. Morrow September 2000 Thesis Advisor: Michael Capps Co-Advisor: Michael Zyda Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE Form Approved OMB No. 0704-0188 Public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instruction, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing this burden, to Washington headquarters Services, Directorate for Information Operations and Reports, 1215 Jefferson Davis Highway, Suite 1204, Arlington, VA 22202-4302, and to the Office of Management and Budget, Paperwork Reduction Project (0704-0188) Washington DC 20503. 1 . AGENCY USE ONLY (Leave blank) 2. REPORT DATE REPORT TYPE AND DATES COVERED September 2000 Master's Thesis 4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE 5. FUNDING NUMBERS Re-Purposing Commercial Entertainment Software for Military Use 6. AUTHOR(S) MIPROEMANPGS00 DeBrine, Jeffrey D. and Morrow, Donald E. 8. PERFORMING 7. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) ORGANIZATION REPORT Naval Postgraduate School NUMBER Monterey, CA 93943-5000 9. SPONSORING / MONITORING AGENCY NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) 10. SPONSORING/ Office of Economic & Manpower Analysis MONITORING AGENCY REPORT 607 Cullum Rd, Floor IB, Rm B109, West Point, NY 10996-1798 NUMBER 11.
    [Show full text]
  • No One Lives Forever 2 (2008) Torrent Download Haimrik Download PC Game
    no one lives forever 2 (2008) torrent download Haimrik Download PC Game. Release: 2018 Developer: Below the game OS: 7, 8, 10 Processor: Intel Core i3 Graphics: Intel HD Graphics Memory: 4 Gb Storage: 3 Gb Steam Reviews: Very Positive (75) 92% of the 75 user reviews for this game are positive. Version: Full Last Release. Books of magic that exist in the universe Haimrik able to kill medieval opponents. But this will take blood. Having found such a book, you need to shed your blood, then you can move into it. A dragon or any other creature will be defeated not only on its pages, but also in virtual reality. Using this secret of victory, King Udolph was able to unite his state of Estonia, divided among the enemies. He, along with some of his subjects, received the title of Warriors of Words. The player will try on the role of Haymrick - a young scribe who lives near the castle in a poor village. Once in the basement in a local tavern, the youngster comes across this artifact. Here the main thing begins - the guy kills the Warriors, makes friends with a dangerous tigress named Masamba, forces the authorities to terrorize his village and arranges a real revolution to change the ruler. In general, the protagonist solves any problems with the help of a book.. In solving puzzles, it is important to correctly select not objects, but the right words, their synonyms, and make sentences. For example, in order to get a ruby, Haimrick needs to navigate by words.
    [Show full text]
  • Google Adquiere Motorola Mobility * Las Tablets PC Y Su Alcance * Synergy 1.3.1 * Circuito Impreso Al Instante * Proyecto GIMP-Es
    Google adquiere Motorola Mobility * Las Tablets PC y su alcance * Synergy 1.3.1 * Circuito impreso al instante * Proyecto GIMP-Es El vocero . 5 Premio Concurso 24 Aniversario de Joven Club Editorial Por Ernesto Rodríguez Joven Club, vivió el verano 2011 junto a ti 6 Aniversario 24 de los Joven Club La mirada de TINO . Cumple TINO 4 años de Los usuarios no comprueba los enlaces antes de abrirlos existencia en este septiembre, el sueño que vió 7 Un fallo en Facebook permite apropiarse de páginas creadas la luz en el 2007 es hoy toda una realidad con- Google adquiere Motorola Mobility vertida en proeza. Esfuerzo, tesón y duro bre- gar ha acompañado cada día a esta Revista que El escritorio . ha sabido crecerse en sí misma y superar obs- 8 Las Tablets PC y su alcance táculos y dificultades propias del diario de cur- 11 Propuesta de herramientas libre para el diseño de sitios Web sar. Un colectivo de colaboración joven, entu- 14 Joven Club, Infocomunidad y las TIC siasta y emprendedor –bajo la magistral con- 18 Un vistazo a la Informática forense ducción de Raymond- ha sabido mantener y El laboratorio . desarrollar este proyecto, fruto del trabajo y la profesionalidad de quienes convergen en él. 24 PlayOnLinux TINO acumula innegables resultados en estos 25 KMPlayer 2.9.2.1200 años. Más de 350 000 visitas, un volumen apre- 26 Synergy 1.3.1 ciable de descargas y suscripciones, servicios 27 imgSeek 0.8.6 estos que ha ido incorporando, pero por enci- El entrevistado . ma de todo está el agradecimiento de muchos 28 Hilda Arribas Robaina por su existencia, por sus consejos, su oportu- na información, su diálogo fácil y directo, su uti- El taller .
    [Show full text]
  • H17 It Digitalcontentskyoukai-1.Pdf
    ߪߓ߼ߦ 㧝㧚ᧄ⺞ᩏ⎇ⓥߩ૏⟎ઃߌ ࠦࡦ࠹ࡦ࠷↥ᬺߪޔ࠺ࠫ࠲࡞ൻޔㄭઍ⚻༡ൻޔࠣࡠ࡯ࡃ࡞ൻ߇ㅴዷߔࠆਛߢޔᄢ߈ߥⅣ Ⴚᄌൻߩ⌀ߞดਛߦ޽ࠆޕขࠅಽߌ࠺ࠫ࠲࡞ൻߩㅴዷߪޔනߥࠆ೙૞ޔᵹㅢޔ೑ᵴ↪න⁛ ߢߩᛛⴚ⊛ㅴൻ߆ࠄޔ࠺ࠫ࠲࡞ࠪࡀࡑߩ᠟ᓇ࡮✬㓸࡮਄ᤋᛛⴚߩᮡḰൻߩേะޔࡉࡠ࡯࠼ ࡃࡦ࠼߿៤Ꮺ㔚⹤ะߌࠦࡦ࠹ࡦ࠷㈩ାࠨ࡯ࡆࠬߩᧄᩰൻߩേะޔ࠺ࠫ࠲࡞᡼ㅍߦะߌߚ HD 㜞♖⚦ᤋ௝ߩ೙૞࡮✬㓸ߩᧄᩰൻߣ࠺ࠫ࠲࡞ኅ㔚ߩㅴൻ࡮᥉෸ߩേะ╬ޘߦ઻޿ޔᦝߥࠆ ⛔วൻᛛⴚߩ࠾࡯࠭ߩ㜞߹ࠅߦࠃߞߡޔ㑐ㅪߔࠆࡂ࡯࠼ޔ࠰ࡈ࠻ޔ޽ࠆ޿ߪ↢↥ࠪࠬ࠹ࡓ ߣ޿ߞߚၮ⋚ᛛⴚߩᒝൻ߇ࠦࡦ࠹ࡦ࠷↥ᬺ޽ࠆ޿ߪ㑐ㅪ↥ᬺߩฦಽ㊁ߢ᳞߼ࠄࠇߡ޿ࠆޕ ৻ᣇߢޔޟ⍮⊛⽷↥ផㅴ⸘↹ 2005ޠ㧔2005 ᐕ 6 ᦬ 10 ᣣ⍮⊛⽷↥ᚢ⇛ᧄㇱ㧕ߦଐࠇ߫ޔᣣ ᧄߩ⹶ࠆࠥ࡯ࡓޔࠕ࠾ࡔ࡯࡚ࠪࡦߣ޿ߞߚᤋ௝ࠦࡦ࠹ࡦ࠷↥ᬺߪ਎⇇⊛ߦ㜞޿⹏ଔࠍฃߌޔ ᣣᧄߩ࠰ࡈ࠻ࡄࡢ࡯⊒ାߩਛᩭߣߒߡޔᶏᄖߦ߅ߌࠆᚒ߇࿖ߩࠗࡔ࡯ࠫะ਄ߦᄢ߈ߥᓎഀ ࠍᨐߚߔߛߌߢߪߥߊޔᦝߥࠆ਎⇇Ꮢ႐ߦㆡᔕߔࠆࠦࡦ࠹ࡦ࠷ߩ೙૞ផㅴߣᶏᄖᏒ႐᜛ᄢ ߇᳞߼ࠄࠇߡ޿ࠆޕ ߘߎߢ࠺ࠫ࠲࡞ࠦࡦ࠹ࡦ࠷ߩᰴ਎ઍၮ⋚ᛛⴚߦ㑐ߔࠆ⺞ᩏ⎇ⓥߩታᣉߦᒰࠅޔ࿖㓙┹੎ ജߩᒝൻߣၮ⋚ᛛⴚߣ޿߁㕙߆ࠄޔᤋ௝೙૞ᛛⴚߩ⎇ⓥ㐿⊒⺖㗴ࠍข਄ߍࠆޕᤋ௝ࠦࡦ࠹ ࡦ࠷ߩ೙૞ᚻᴺߣߒߡޔ3DCG ߿↹௝ಣℂߣ޿ߞߚ࠺ࠫ࠲࡞ᛛⴚࠍᵴ↪ߔࠆ௑ะ߇਎⇇ߩ ᤋ௝↥ᬺߢ੹߿৻⥸ൻߒߚޕᤋ௝⴫⃻߳ߩ࠺ࠫ࠲࡞ᛛⴚߩㆡ↪ߣߪޔᓥ᧪ᚻᴺߢߪᗐቯߢ ߈ߥ߆ߞߚᤋ௝⴫⃻ߩน⢻ᕈߩㅊ᳞ߢ޽ࠅޔ৻ᣇߢ↢↥วℂൻߩᵹࠇߢ߽޽ࠆޕ 2005 ᐕߪ਎⇇ߦ߅ߌࠆᤋ௝ߩ࠺ࠫ࠲࡞ൻߩవ┵࡜ࡦ࠽࡯ߩ৻ߟޔኅᐸ↪ࠥ࡯ࡓᯏߦ߅޿ ߡᰴ਎ઍᯏ߇⊓႐ߒޔࠥ࡯ࡓ↥ᬺ⇇ߢߪಠߘ 5 ᐕߦ 1 ᐲߣ޿ࠊࠇࠆᛛⴚ㕟ᣂߩᤨᦼࠍㄫ߃ ߡ޿ࠆޕ߹ߚ߽߁৻ߟߩవ┵࡜ࡦ࠽࡯ߢ޽ࠆࡂ࡝࠙࠶࠼ CG ࡊࡠ࠳࡚ࠢࠪࡦ෸߮ർ☨ޔEU ߩ࠺ࠫ࠲࡞ᤋ௝࠰ࡈ࠻ᬺ⇇ߦ߅޿ߡ߽⛮⛯ߒߚ⎇ⓥ㐿⊒߇ⴕࠊࠇߡ޿ࠆޕ ߆ࠃ߁ߥ࠺ࠫ࠲࡞ᤋ௝↥ᬺߩᛛⴚ㕟ᣂᄢᄌേᦼߦ߅޿ߡޔᚒ߇࿖ࠦࡦ࠹ࡦ࠷↥ᬺߩࠣࡠ ࡯ࡃ࡞ዷ㐿ߩఝ૏ᕈ⏕଻ߩⷞὐࠃࠅޔ࠺ࠫ࠲࡞ᤋ௝೙૞ߩၮ⋚ᛛⴚߩ⃻⁁ࠍ↥ᬺၮ⋚ߣߒ ߡࠠ࠴ࡦߣᝒ߃ޔ࿖㓙┹੎ఝ૏ߦ┙ߡࠆᰴ਎ઍࠦࡦ࠹ࡦ࠷ഃ↢ߩࠠ࡯ߣߥࠆ⎇ⓥ㐿⊒േะ ߆ࠄࠦࠕᛛⴚࠍតࠅޔᤋ௝↥ᬺᝄ⥝ߦะߌߡ⺖㗴ឭ⿠ߢ߈ࠆ੐ᬺᵴേߣߒߡᧄ⺞ᩏ⎇ⓥࠍ ૏⟎ߠߌࠆޕ 㧞㧚 ᧄᐕᐲߩᵴേ ᤓᐕᐲޔᣣᧄࠍઍ⴫ߔࠆᤋ௝೙૞ߦ㑐ߔࠆ࠺ࠫ࠲࡞೙૞ᛛⴚߩㆡ↪੐଀ߣߒߡޔࡂࠗࡉ ࡝࠶࠼ࠕ࠾ࡔ࡯࡚ࠪࡦ㧔ࠬ࠲ࠫࠝࠫࡉ࡝ޔޡࡂ࠙࡞ߩേߊၔޢઁ㧕෸߮ᤋ↹ VFX㧔᧲ᤋ࡮᧲ ᤋࠕ࠾ࡔ࡯࡚ࠪࡦޡ࠺ࡆ࡞ࡑࡦޢ㧕ߩࡔࠗࠠࡦࠣ੐଀ࠍ⺞ᩏߒޔᤋ௝ࡊࡠ࠳࡚ࠢࠪࡦ⃻႐ߦ ߅ߌࠆ⎇ⓥ㐿⊒ߩ޽ࠆߴ߈ᆫߣߒߡޔ೙૞⃻႐ߩ࠾࡯࠭ߣ⎇ⓥ㐿⊒ߩࠪ࡯࠭ࠍࡑ࠶࠴ࡦࠣ ߐߖޔࠢ࡝ࠛࠗ࠲࡯߇ഃㅧߔࠆߣߎࠈߢ޽ࠆᣣᧄဳᤋ௝⴫⃻ߩㅊ෸ࠍᡰេߔࠆ࠺ࠫ࠲࡞ᛛ ⴚၮ⋚ᢛ஻ߦะߌߡޔᤋ௝࡮ᛛⴚᖱႎ੤ᵹࠨࠗ࠻᭴▽߇ᔅ㗇ߢ޽ࠅޔߘࠇࠍࠦࡒࡘ࠾࠹ࠖ ⓨ㑆ߣߒߡਔ⠪ߩࠦ࡜ࡏ࡟࡯࡚ࠪࡦߦࠃࠆ⎇ⓥ㐿⊒ဳ౒ห೙૞ࠍౝኈߣߒߚ↥ቇදห⊛ࠕ ࡊࡠ࡯࠴߇ᔅⷐߣ⚿⺰ߒߚޕ ᧄᐕᐲߪޔᤓᐕᐲᚑᨐࠍ〯߹߃ߡߩਅ⸥Ԙޔԙޔ෸߮ᰴ਎ઍኅᐸ↪ࠥ࡯ࡓᯏ⊓႐ߦะߌ ߡ㜞♖⚦࡮㜞ᯏ⢻ൻᛛⴚࠗࡦࡄࠢ࠻ࠍㄫ߃ߚࠥ࡯ࡓ↥ᬺࠍኻ⽎ߣߒߚਅ⸥Ԛߦߟ޿ߡ⺞ᩏ ⎇ⓥࠍታᣉߒޔᰴ਎ઍߩ೙૞ၮ⋚ᛛⴚߩᣇะߣน⢻ᕈߦߟ޿ߡޔᰴ਎ઍࠦࡦ࠹ࡦ࠷ഃ↢ࠍ ᜂ߁ࠦࠕᛛⴚߦߟ޿ߡ⠨ኤߒߚޕ Ԙ ᤋ௝࡮ᛛⴚᖱႎ੤ᵹࠨࠗ࠻ߩࡊࡠ࠻࠲ࠗࡊߩ⸳⸘ߣ࠺ࡕࠪࠬ࠹ࡓߩ㐿⊒ ԙCG ᛛⴚࡑ࠶ࡊߩ૞ᚑ Ԛ ࠥ࡯ࡓ↥ᬺߩᛛⴚࡑ࠶ࡊߩ૞ᚑ 㧞㧚㧝
    [Show full text]
  • The Impact of Middleware Technologies on Your Game Development
    The Impact of Middleware Technologies on your Game Development Julien Merceron Worldwide Technical Director Ubisoft Ent. Introduction •Topics: • Technology Design Process; • Project Life Cycle Design; • Structure of the Talk: • From B.G.E to P.O.P; • From Unreal2 829 to Splinter Cell; • From Splinter Cell to Splinter Cell:PT; • Strategy highlight; • Practical Methodology, patterns analysis; •Q&A. From B.G.E to P.O.P (B.G.E = Beyond Good and Evil) (P.O.P = Prince of Persia: The Sands of Time) From B.G.E to P.O.P • Level Architecture Differences: • POP is very linear, each location can only be visited at one time of day • World is completely dynamically loaded, less data in memory at the same time • The abilities of the Prince enable him to cover great distances in a short time, rooms must be bigger • Graphic style makes it harder to use the “all textures fit in GS” scheme used by BGE From B.G.E to P.O.P • How does this change the graphic engine? • No need to be able to adjust the ambient color dynamically as in BGE • No need to minimize the size of the graphic data by storing the meshes in indexed form. This form is suboptimal on PS2 • Static meshes must render very fast to be able to display the bigger rooms we’ll have in the game • Dynamic texture loading is needed (also required because of Dynamic Loading) From B.G.E to P.O.P • Choices we made - Move lighting and skinning on VU1 • We moved skinning, ligthing, and all UV computing (chrome, projection for shadows) on the VU1 • This gave us more CPU time for handling AI / Collisions / Etc… • We also had very high elements counts in some scenes so this gave us a little more breathing room.
    [Show full text]
  • Game Engine Anatomy 101, Part I April 12, 2002 By: Jake Simpson
    ExtremeTech - Print Article 10/21/02 12:07 PM Game Engine Anatomy 101, Part I April 12, 2002 By: Jake Simpson We've come a very long way since the days of Doom. But that groundbreaking title wasn't just a great game, it also brought forth and popularized a new game-programming model: the game "engine." This modular, extensible and oh-so-tweakable design concept allowed gamers and programmers alike to hack into the game's core to create new games with new models, scenery, and sounds, or put a different twist on the existing game material. CounterStrike, Team Fortress, TacOps, Strike Force, and the wonderfully macabre Quake Soccer are among numerous new games created from existing game engines, with most using one of iD's Quake engines as their basis. click on image for full view TacOps and Strike Force both use the Unreal Tournament engine. In fact, the term "game engine" has come to be standard verbiage in gamers' conversations, but where does the engine end, and the game begin? And what exactly is going on behind the scenes to push all those pixels, play sounds, make monsters think and trigger game events? If you've ever pondered any of these questions, and want to know more about what makes games go, then you've come to the right place. What's in store is a deep, multi-part guided tour of the guts of game engines, with a particular focus on the Quake engines, since Raven Software (the company where I worked recently) has built several titles, Soldier of Fortune most notably, based on the Quake engine.
    [Show full text]
  • Application: Unity 3D Web Player
    unity3d_1-adv.txt 1 of 2 Application: Unity 3D web player http://unity3d.com/webplayer/ Versions: <= 3.2.0.61061 Platforms: Windows Bug: heap corruption Exploitation: remote Date: 21 Feb 2012 Unity 3d is a game engine used in various games and it’s web player allows to play these games (unity3d extension) also directly from the web browser. # Vulnerabilities # Heap corruption caused by a negative 32bit size value which allows to execute malicious code. The problem is caused by the modification of the 64bit uncompressed size (handled as 32bit by the plugin) of the lzma header which is just composed by the following fields (from lzma86.h): Offset Size Description 0 1 = 0 - no filter, pure LZMA = 1 - x86 filter + LZMA 1 1 lc, lp and pb in encoded form 2 4 dictSize (little endian) 6 8 uncompressed size (little endian) Reading of the 64bit field as 32bit one (CMP EAX,4) and some of the subsequent operations: 070BEDA3 33C0 XOR EAX,EAX 070BEDA5 895D 08 MOV DWORD PTR SS:[EBP+8],EBX 070BEDA8 83F8 04 CMP EAX,4 070BEDAB 73 10 JNB SHORT webplaye.070BEDBD 070BEDAD 0FB65438 05 MOVZX EDX,BYTE PTR DS:[EAX+EDI+5] 070BEDB2 8B4D 08 MOV ECX,DWORD PTR SS:[EBP+8] 070BEDB5 D3E2 SHL EDX,CL 070BEDB7 0196 A4000000 ADD DWORD PTR DS:[ESI+A4],EDX 070BEDBD 8345 08 08 ADD DWORD PTR SS:[EBP+8],8 070BEDC1 40 INC EAX 070BEDC2 837D 08 40 CMP DWORD PTR SS:[EBP+8],40 070BEDC6 ^72 E0 JB SHORT webplaye.070BEDA8 070BEDC8 6A 4A PUSH 4A 070BEDCA 68 280A4B07 PUSH webplaye.074B0A28 ; ASCII "C:/BuildAgen t/work/b0bcff80449a48aa/PlatformDependent/CommonWebPlugin/CompressedFileStream.cp p" 070BEDCF 53 PUSH EBX 070BEDD0 FF35 84635407 PUSH DWORD PTR DS:[7546384] 070BEDD6 6A 04 PUSH 4 070BEDD8 68 00000400 PUSH 40000 070BEDDD E8 BA29E4FF CALL webplaye.06F0179C ..
    [Show full text]
  • [Learning] Games
    TOOLS FOR [LEARNING] GAMES Prepared by Marc Prensky. Updated November 18, 2004 Thanks to Steven Drucker, Bob Bramucci, and others. Note: not a complete list; will change over time. Please send corrections and additions to [email protected] FREE (OR CLOSE) COST $ Adventure Game Studio: Adventure Maker: www.adventuremaker.com Templates http://www.adventuregamestudio.co.uk/ BlitzPlus (2D) www.blitzbasic.com Adventure game engines (Spiderweb) Certification Templates (Games2train): www.spiderweb.com www.games2train.com Frame Discovery School: Flying Buffalo www.flyingbuffalo.com/teacher.htm Games http://puzzlemaker.school.discovery.com/ Game Show Pro (Learningware): Flash Games: http://flashgames.umn.edu/ www.learningware.com GameMaker: Games Factory (Clickteam): www.clickteam.com Game www.cs.uu.nl/people/markov/gmaker/index.html MindRover (Cogni-Toy): www.mindrover.com Makers Hot Potatoes (Half-Baked): Quandary (Half-Baked): http://web.uvic.ca/hrd/halfbaked/ www.halfbakedsoftware.com/quandary.php Simple 2D PPT Jeopardy: In “Awesome Game Creation” Book QuestPro: www.axeuk.com/quest/ Peril: www.teachopolis.org/arcade/index.html Simple Games: www.babrown.com Engines Personal Educational Press:: Stagecast Creator: www.stagecast.com www.educationalpress.org/educationalpress/ Play-by-mail: www.pbm.com/~lindahl/pbm_list/email.html Rapunsel: www.maryflanagan.com/rapunsel Savie Frame-Games (Canada) www.savie.qc.ca/CarrefourJeux/fr/accueil.htm Storyharp: www.kurtz-fernhout.com/StoryHarp/ Thiagi: www.thiagi.com/freebies-and- goodies.html Word Junction
    [Show full text]