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CRP Dryland system (CRP-DS) The olive oil value chain in Beni Khedache site, Médenine, South East of Tunisia Potential, constraints and main operators IRA team Abdeladhim MA., Riadh B., Fetoui M., Sghaier M. ICARDA team Dhehibi B., Shinan K., Aw Hassen A. December 2014 i Research team This report is based on the work and the support of the following teams: IRA CRDA NGOs ICARDA Medenine Laboratory of Laboratory of Laboratory of Economics and eromology Aridoculture rural society and oasian Agronomy Mongi Sghaier Houcine Khatteli Kamel Neggaz Ali Bouaicha Mohamed Boubaker Béchir Dhehibi Mohamed Arbi Mohamed Fethia Mokh Noureddine (ADESM) Abdeladhim Ouessar Lecheheb Shinan Kacem Abderrahmen Mabrouk Riadh Bechir Mongi Ben Sghaier Chokri Walha Aden Aw Sadaoui Zaied Hassen Mondher (SMSA Fetoui Ennajeh) Mohamed El Mourid Abbes Zammouri Ali Nefzaoui (AJZ) Acknowledgements This publication has been funded under the CGIAR program CRP-DS on Dryland Systems led by ICARDA. The authors would like to thank IRA, ICARDA, CRDA and IRESA for their valuable supports. Acknowledgments are extended also to all local and regional partners, mainly farmers for their effective collaboration. ii Summary Acknowledgements .................................................................................................................... ii List of tables .............................................................................................................................. iv List of figures ............................................................................................................................. iv Acronyms .................................................................................................................................... v 1. Context ................................................................................................................................ 6 2. Conceptual framework and methodology .......................................................................... 7 2.1. The value chain concept .............................................................................................. 7 2.2. The case study: Oum Zessar Watershed, Tunisia ........................................................ 9 2.3. Methods and tools ..................................................................................................... 11 3. Olive oil sector in Tunisia: socio economic importance .................................................... 12 3.1. The national context .................................................................................................. 12 3.2. Olive sector in Médenine ........................................................................................... 15 3.2.1. General context ......................................................................................... 15 3.2.2. Olive trees cropping system ...................................................................... 16 3.2.3. Olive production in the study area ............................................................ 17 4. The constraints and opportunities of olive oil sector in Beni Khedache site ................... 21 5. The olive oil value chain: Key operators / agents and role ............................................... 25 5.1. Olive growers ............................................................................................................. 27 5.2. Processors .................................................................................................................. 28 5.3. Traders ....................................................................................................................... 29 5.4. Services providers ...................................................................................................... 31 5.5. Support and guidance in the olive sector .................................................................. 31 6. Conclusion ......................................................................................................................... 36 References ................................................................................................................................ 38 iii List of tables Table 1. Olive oil sector in the study site and Médenine province .......................................... 20 Table 2. SWOT Analysis ............................................................................................................ 23 Table 3. Key operators of the olive oil value chain in Beni Khedache site (Medenine) ........... 25 Table 4. Extraction capacity in Médenine ................................................................................ 28 Table 5. Quantity collected by ONH (1000 tonnes) ................................................................. 29 Table 6. Major support operators of the olive oil value chain ................................................. 32 List of figures Figure 1. Map of generic value chain ......................................................................................... 9 Figure 2: Location of the Oum Zessar watershed and Beni Khedache area in the province of Medenine ............................................................................. 10 Figure 3 : Cropping system in Médenine ................................................................................. 17 Figure 4. Distribution of the area of olive cropping system in Médenine ............................... 19 Figure 5. The evolution of olive oil production in Médenine ................................................... 19 Figure 6. Map of olive oil Value Chain in the study area (Site Beni Khedache, Medenine) .... 31 iv Acronyms API Agence de Promotion des investissements APIA Agence de Promotion des investissements Agricoles CBO Community Based Organisation CRDA Commissariat Régional au Développement Agricole CRP-DS CGIAR Research Program on Dryland Systems DESIRE Desertification Mitigation and Remediation of Land DESURVEY A surveillance system for assessing and monitoring of desertification DG/ACTA Direction Générale de l'Aménagement et de la Conservation des Terres Agricoles DGRE Direction Générale des Ressources en Eau EU European Union FAO Food and Agriculture Organisation, GDA Agricultural Development Grouping ICARDA International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas IFAD International Fund for Agricultural Development INRM Integrated Natural Resources Management INS Institut National des Statistiques IRA Institut des Régions Arides LUPIS Land Use Policies Impact Assessment NGO Non Government organization NRM Natural Resources Management OCDE Organisation de coopération et de développement économiques ODS Office de Développement du Sud ONH National Olive Oil Office PGRN Natural Resources Management Project SMSA Société Mutuelle de Services Agricoles SWC Soil and Water Conservation SWOT Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats TND Tunisian Dinar UNFCCC United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change VA Added Value VC Value Chain VCA Value Chain Approach WAHARA Water Harvesting for Rainfed Africa: investing in dryland agriculture for growth and resilience WAHIA Water harvesting techniques in dry Mediterranean zones: impact assessment and economic evaluation WH Water Harvesting v 1. Context The present report try to analyse the results of the activity titled: “Post-Harvest and Value Chains Analysis” conducted by the IRA team with the collaboration of ICARDA in the area of Beni Khedache, Oum Zessar watershed located in the Governorate of Medenine, south-east of Tunisia (CRP-DS Beni Khedache site). It was elaborated within the framework of the CGIAR program CRP-DS on Dryland Systems led by ICARDA1. The main objectives of the activity are: to diagnostic and selection of the relevant stakeholders (main players) in the value chain of one of the two selected crops (olive oil and figs): Producers, input providers, traders, agro-processing, regulators, quality, wholesalers, retailers, and consumers. mapping the challenges for smallholder market access: Review of literature on institutional arrangements in collective marketing. to contribute on the improvement of the locally appropriate postharvest handling and processing options. to facilitate the development of stakeholder-driven strategies for improving the marketing efficiency, postharvest management and value addition for the selected commodity (olive oil or figs). to assist stakeholders (men, women and youth) in implementing the strategies identified in objective 4. This scientific report analyse value chain of olive oil in the case study of Beni Khedache site. It characterizes value chain operators within the region and explores their roles. The goals, is to analyze the advantages and the weakness of olive oil sector and prepare materials for the next steps that consist of supporting establishment and strengthening of farmers’ associations and cooperatives, optimizing the use of effluents and by-product in olive oil 1 CRP1.1 aims at improving the wellbeing of the poor rural communities, conserve vital natural resources, and empower smallholder farmers and pastoralists to cope with inherent climatic variability and climate change. In North Africa and West Asia, research will improve technology transfer to farmers and agro-pastoralists to achieve better food security, health practices, and livestock using better policies, market access, financial tools, and extension systems. 6 industry, to mitigate environmental impact of olive oil production

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