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Management of Major Depressive Disorder Clinical Practice Guidelines May 2014
Federal Bureau of Prisons Management of Major Depressive Disorder Clinical Practice Guidelines May 2014 Table of Contents 1. Purpose ............................................................................................................................................. 1 2. Introduction ...................................................................................................................................... 1 Natural History ................................................................................................................................. 2 Special Considerations ...................................................................................................................... 2 3. Screening ........................................................................................................................................... 3 Screening Questions .......................................................................................................................... 3 Further Screening Methods................................................................................................................ 4 4. Diagnosis ........................................................................................................................................... 4 Depression: Three Levels of Severity ............................................................................................... 4 Clinical Interview and Documentation of Risk Assessment............................................................... -
Q 2: How Long Should Treatment with Antidepressants Continue in Adults with Depressive Episode/Disorder?
Duration of antidepressant treatment Q 2: How long should treatment with antidepressants continue in adults with depressive episode/disorder? Background Short-term therapy with antidepressant medication is considered standard treatment for acute treatment of moderate to severe depressive episode/disorder. However, because of the long-term nature of depressive disorders, with many patients at substantial risk of later recurrence, there is a need to establish how long, in general, such patients should stay on antidepressants if they have responded to the treatment. Population/Intervention(s)/Comparison/Outcome(s) (PICO) Population: individuals with depressive episode/disorder Interventions: antidepressant medications: tricyclic antidepressants (TCA) and related, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI) Comparison: placebo Outcomes: o treatment effectiveness in terms of reduction symptoms o treatment effectiveness in terms of improvement in functioning o acceptability profile List of the systematic reviews identified by the search process INCLUDED IN GRADE TABLES OR FOOTNOTES Deshauer D et al (2008). Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors for unipolar depression: a systematic review of classic long-term randomized controlled trials. Canadian Medical Association Journal, 178:293-1301. 1 Duration of antidepressant treatment Geddes JR et al (2003). Relapse prevention with antidepressant drug treatment in depressive disorders: a systematic review. Lancet, 361:653-61. Hansen R et al (2008). Meta-analysis of major depressive disorder relapse and recurrence with second-generation antidepressants. Psychiatric Services, 59:1121-30. Kaymaz N et al (2008). Evidence that patients with single versus recurrent depressive episodes are differentially sensitive to treatment discontinuation: a meta- analysis of placebo-controlled randomized trials. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 69:1423-36. -
Drug Repurposing for the Management of Depression: Where Do We Stand Currently?
life Review Drug Repurposing for the Management of Depression: Where Do We Stand Currently? Hosna Mohammad Sadeghi 1,†, Ida Adeli 1,† , Taraneh Mousavi 1,2, Marzieh Daniali 1,2, Shekoufeh Nikfar 3,4,5 and Mohammad Abdollahi 1,2,* 1 Toxicology and Diseases Group (TDG), Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1417614411, Iran; [email protected] (H.M.S.); [email protected] (I.A.); [email protected] (T.M.); [email protected] (M.D.) 2 Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1417614411, Iran 3 Personalized Medicine Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1417614411, Iran; [email protected] 4 Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center (PSRC) and the Pharmaceutical Management and Economics Research Center (PMERC), Evidence-Based Evaluation of Cost-Effectiveness and Clinical Outcomes Group, The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1417614411, Iran 5 Department of Pharmacoeconomics and Pharmaceutical Administration, School of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1417614411, Iran * Correspondence: [email protected] † Equally contributed as first authors. Citation: Mohammad Sadeghi, H.; Abstract: A slow rate of new drug discovery and higher costs of new drug development attracted Adeli, I.; Mousavi, T.; Daniali, M.; the attention of scientists and physicians for the repurposing and repositioning of old medications. Nikfar, S.; Abdollahi, M. Drug Experimental studies and off-label use of drugs have helped drive data for further studies of ap- Repurposing for the Management of proving these medications. -
Adult Depression Clinical Practice Guidelines
NATIONAL CLINICAL PRACTICE GUIDELINE Adult Depression Clinical Practice Guideline This guideline is informational only. It is not intended or designed as a substitute for the reasonable exercise of independent clinical judgment by practitioners, considering each patient’s needs on an individual basis. Guideline recommendations apply to populations of patients. Clinical judgment is necessary to design treatment plans for individual patients. Approved by the National Guideline Directors February 2012 Table of Contents Introduction................................................................................................................................... 1 Guideline Summary...................................................................................................................... 5 Rationale Statements .................................................................................................................. 12 1. First-Line Treatment of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) .............................................. 12 2. Hypericum (St. John’s Wort) for MDD............................................................................... 38 3. Antidepressants In Patients With MDD Expressing Suicidal Ideation, Intent, Or Plan...... 44 4. Second-Line Treatment Of MDD ........................................................................................ 48 5. Length Of Treatment With Antidepressants In Patients With MDD................................... 63 6. Follow-Up For Patients In The Acute Phase of Treatment For MDD................................ -
Treatment Considerations for Depression in Patients with Significant Medical Comorbidity
Treatment Considerations for Depression in Patients with Significant Medical Comorbidity David M. McCoy, MD Nashville, Tennessee In addition to being a strong psychological stressor in favors the use of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors itself, medical illness is associated with risk factors that and other new antidepressants because they have fewer predispose patients to develop coexisting depression. anticholinergic, cardiac, or cognitive adverse effects. Patients with conditions such as cancer, cardiovascular Depressed medically ill patients clearly benefit from anti disease, and neurologic disorders are particularly prone depressant therapy. Because mental health influences to depression because these illnesses are severe, prognosis and treatment outcome, primary care physi chronic, and often fatal. Because an antidepressant may cians should maintain a high index of suspicion for exacerbate an underlying illness, leading to more seri depression in patients with significant medical illness ous side effects, agents with a poor tolerability profile or and aggressively treat the condition when indicated. that act at multiple receptor sites should be avoided. In many cases, this precludes the use of tricyclic antide KEY WORDS. Depression; comorbidity; drug therapy. J pressants and monoamine oxidase inhibitors, and Fam Pract 1996; 43(suppl):S35-S44 ajor depression is responsible for and treatment of depression in the family medicine more days in nonpsychiatric hospitals setting. and more days home from work than any other chronic illness except for RISK FACTORS severe, unstable coronary artery dis ease.1M Even though at least 8 million people in the Some medical disorders have clearly been associat United States become depressed in any given year,2 ed with higher incidences of depression. -
A Hypericum Extract in the Treatment of Depressive Symptoms in Outpatients: an Open Study
Zurich Open Repository and Archive University of Zurich Main Library Strickhofstrasse 39 CH-8057 Zurich www.zora.uzh.ch Year: 2010 A Hypericum extract in the treatment of depressive symptoms in outpatients: an open study Melzer, J ; Brignoli, R ; Keck, M E ; Saller, R Abstract: Background: Extracts of Hypericum perforatum have demonstrated in randomized trials (RCTs) to be effective in mild to moderate depressive episodes, However, as their use in dailyprac- tice may differ from that in RCTs we have conducted a study to achieve a better estimate oftherange and frequency of adverse drug reactions (ADR) and the efficacy. Patients and Methods: In an obser- vational study in Germany, adult outpatients with depressive syndrome were treated with an extract of St. John’s Wort. Study duration was 12 weeks, with control visits every 4 weeks, Besides anamnestic data, the variables assessed were: evolution of ICD-l0 derived sympscore, Global Clinical Impression scale (GCI), and toleraoility, Results: 1,778 patients from 304 centers participated in the study (mean duration of disorder 7.3 ± 18.9 months), and 1,541 patients completed it. At the last control visit the ICD-l0 sum score had dropped by 63.1 % and the proportion of patients described as ’normal to mildly ill’ (GCI-s) had increased from 21 .6% at admission to 72.4%. Regarding the GCI-i, 77% of the patients had improved ’very much’ or ’much’ at the last visit. This was consistent with their self-assessment (76%). Lower age and shorter duration of the disorder were associated with significantly better outcomes, The incidence of ADRs was 3,54% and had been decreasing continuously fram the first contra I visit onwards; serious ADRs did not occure, Conclusions: The herbai drug was weil tolerated, and no new or serious ADR were identified. -
(Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCA) and Selective Serotonin Reuptake
Antidepressants (Tricyclic Antidepressants and Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors) in treatment of adults with depression Q 1: Are antidepressants (Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCA) and Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRI)) better (more effective than/as safe as) than treatment as usual (placebo) in adults with depressive episode/disorder? Background The relative merits of antidepressants versus placebo for depression have been given considerable scientific attention in recent years. This document covers the use of TCAs and SSRIs as acute phase treatment for depressive episode/disorder. Population/Intervention(s)/Comparison/Outcome(s) (PICO) Population: adults with depressive episode/disorder Interventions: antidepressant medicines: TCAs, SSRIs Comparison: placebo Outcomes: o treatment effectiveness in terms of reduction of symptoms o treatment effectiveness in terms of improvement in functioning o acceptability profile o suicide related outcomes List of the systematic reviews identified by the search process INCLUDED IN GRADE TABLES OR FOOTNOTES 1 Antidepressants (Tricyclic Antidepressants and Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors) in treatment of adults with depression Arroll B et al (2005). Efficacy and tolerability of tricyclic antidepressants and SSRIs compared with placebo for treatment of depression in primary care: a meta- analysis. Annals of Family Medicine, 3:449-56. Barbui C et al. (2007).Treatment discontinuation with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) versus tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs). Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, (3):CD002791. Furukawa TA, McGuire H, Barbui C (2002). Meta-analysis of effects and side effects of low dosage tricyclic antidepressants in depression: systematic review. British Medical Journal, 325:991. Geddes JR et al (2007). Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) versus other antidepressants for depression. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, (3):CD001851. -
Management of Major Depressive Disorder(MDD)
ClinicalPracticeGuideline SUMMARY Managementof MajorDepressiveDisorder(MDD) May,2009 VA/DoDEvidenceBasedPractice VA/DoD CLINICAL PRACTICE GUIDELINE FOR MANAGEMENT OF MAJOR DEPRESSIVE DISORDER (MDD) Department of Veterans Affairs Department of Defense SUMMARY QUALIFYING STATEMENTS The Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) and The Department of Defense (DoD) guidelines are based on the best information available at the time of publication. They are designed to provide information and assist in decision-making. They are not intended to define a standard of care and should not be construed as one. Also, they should not be interpreted as prescribing an exclusive course of management. Variations in practice will inevitably and appropriately occur when providers take into account the needs of individual patients, available resources, and limitations unique to an institution or type of practice. Every healthcare professional making use of these guidelines is responsible for evaluating the appropriateness of applying them in any particular clinical situation. Version 2.0 – 2008 VA/DoD Clinical Practice Guideline For Management of Major Depressive Disorder Table of Contents Page Introduction 1 Guideline Update Working Group 3 Key Elements Addressed by the Guideline 4 Algorithms and Annotations 6 Appendices Appendix A: Guideline Development process (See full guideline) Appendix B: Screening and Assessment Instruments B-1. Quick Guide to the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ) B-2. Example of Diagnosing MDD & Calculating PHQ-9 Score B-3. PHQ-9 Scores and Proposed Treatment Actions B-4. Nine Symptom Checklist (PHQ-9) Appendix C: Suicidality (See full guideline) Appendix D: Pharmacotherapy D- 1. Antidepressant Dosing and Monitoring D-2. Antidepressant Adverse Effects Appendix E: Participants list (See full guideline) Appendix F: Acronym List Appendix G: Bibliiography (See full guideline) Table of Contents VA/DoD Clinical Practice Guideline For Management of Major Depressive Disorder Introduction Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) Depression is a major cause of disability worldwide. -
Drug-Induced Diseases: Depression
Drug-Induced Diseases Section IV: Drug-Induced Psychiatric Diseases Chapter 18: Depression Sheila Botts and Melody Ryan Depression is one of the most common psychiatric illnesses, and it may interfere significantly with a patient’s daily functioning and quality of life. Untreated depression is associated with substantial morbidity and increases the risk of suicide and death. An estimated 15% of mood disorders end in suicide.1 Depression is a biologic illness with an unknown cause. Depression occurring secondary to medications is similar in presentation to endogenous depression and carries similar risks of morbidity and mortality. While the overall prevalence is unknown, drug-induced depression poses a significant challenge for practitioners, as it may undermine the effectiveness of much-needed treatment. The risk of treatment-emergent suicidality (e.g., suicidal ideation and behavior) has more recently been characterized independently, although it often occurs with mood changes and poses significant risks to the patient. Contents CAUSATIVE AGENTS ................................................................................................................. 1 EPIDEMIOLOGY .......................................................................................................................... 3 MECHANISMS .............................................................................................................................. 9 CLINICAL PRESENTATION AND DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS ........................................ 11 RISK FACTORS -
Depression: This
Care Process Model DECEMBER MONTH 2015 2020 DEVELOPMENTDIAGNOSIS AND AND MANAGEMENT DESIGN OF OF CareDepression Process Models 20202015 Update This care process model (CPM) was created by a subcommittee of the Intermountain Healthcare Primary Care Clinical Program, Behavioral Health Clinical Program, and Mental Health Integration (MHI) team. The goal of this CPM and supporting materials is to help providers deliver the best clinical care in a consistent and integrated way. The focus of this CPM is on adults with a section on page 25 for depression in children and adolescents. The recommendations in this CPM build on guidelines from the Agency for Health Care Policy and Research (AHCPR), updated guidelines from the American Psychiatric Association (APA), experience from the implementation of this CPM, and recommendations from other published studies.SCH, APA1 Key points WHAT’S INSIDE? • Depression is common and costly and makes other chronic conditions more difficult to manage(see pages 3 to 4). ALGORITHMS • Treatment should be used based on symptom severity and Algorithm 1: antidepressant therapy as a first-line treatment for moderate to severe Screening and Diagnosis ................. 4 depression (see pages 8 to 17). Algorithm 2: Suicide Assessment.......................... 5 • Full remission — not just partial resolution of symptoms — is the goal of Algorithm 3: treatment for depression. (See pages 22 to 23 for information on the stages of Treatment Overview ........................ 8 depression and strategies to help achieve full remission.) Algorithm 4: Antidepressant Therapy ................ 14 What’s new IN THIS UPDATE? WHY FOCUS ON DEPRESSION? ......... 2 • A broader focus on self-care via a new section that provides guidance on UNDERSTANDING DEPRESSION ....... -
UMHS Clinical Guideline on Depression Is Consistent Those Used in the Previous Searches
Guidelines for Clinical Care Quality Department Ambulatory Depression Depression Patient population. Adults with depressive disorders Guideline Team Objectives. (1) Improve the early recognition and treatment of depression in the primary care setting. Team leaders (2) Improve patient’s understanding of depression and its treatment. Thomas L Schwenk, MD (3) Familiarize clinicians with appropriate treatment options, i.e. medications and psychotherapies. Family Medicine (4) Identify when referral is indicated. Linda B Terrell, MD General Medicine Key points Team members Epidemiology • Common. Depression is common, under-diagnosed, and under-treated. R Van Harrison, PhD • Medical Education Recurrent. Depression is frequently a recurrent/chronic disorder, with a 50% recurrence rate after the first episode, 70% after the second, and 90% after the third. Amy L Tremper, MD • Obstetrics & Gynecology Care provider. Most depressed patients will receive most or all of their care through primary care physicians. Marcia A Valenstein, MD Diagnosis. Depressed patients frequently present with somatic complaints to their primary care doctor Psychiatry rather than complaining of depressed mood [C*]. Consultant Treatment. Mild major depression can be effectively treated with either medication or psychotherapy. Jolene R Bostwick, PhD Moderate to severe or chronic depression may require an approach combining medication and College of Pharmacy psychotherapy [IIA*]. • Drug treatment. 40-50% of patients respond to the first antidepressant [A*]. No particular Initial Release antidepressant agent is superior to another in efficacy or time to response. Choice is often guided March, 1998 by matching patients’ symptoms to side effect profile, presence of medical and psychiatric co- Most Recent Major Update morbidity, and prior response [IIA*]. -
Non-Pharmaceutical Management of Depression in Adults. (SIGN
SIGN Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network Part of NHS Quality Improvement Scotland Help us to improve SIGN guidelines - click here to complete our survey Non-pharmaceutical management 114 of depression in adults A national clinical guideline January 2010 KEY TO EVIDENCE STATEMENTS AND GRADES OF RECOMMENDATIONS LEVELS OF EVIDENCE 1++ High quality meta-analyses, systematic reviews of RCTs, or RCTs with a very low risk of bias 1+ Well conducted meta-analyses, systematic reviews, or RCTs with a low risk of bias 1 - Meta-analyses, systematic reviews, or RCTs with a high risk of bias High quality systematic reviews of case control or cohort studies ++ 2 High quality case control or cohort studies with a very low risk of confounding or bias and a high probability that the relationship is causal Well conducted case control or cohort studies with a low risk of confounding or bias and a moderate probability that the 2+ relationship is causal Case control or cohort studies with a high risk of confounding or bias and a significant risk that the relationship is not 2 - causal 3 Non-analytic studies, eg case reports, case series 4 Expert opinion GRADES OF RECOMMENDATION Note: The grade of recommendation relates to the strength of the evidence on which the recommendation is based. It does not reflect the clinical importance of the recommendation. At least one meta-analysis, systematic review, or RCT rated as 1++, and directly applicable to the target population; or A A body of evidence consisting principally of studies rated as 1+, directly applicable