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Boctor of ^Fittofiiopt)? in ENGLISH CROSS-CULTURAL ENCOUNTER IN THE POETRY OF BRITISH ROMANTIC WOMEN POETS, WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO 1. EMMA ROBERTS (1794-1840), 2. ANNA MARIA JONES (1749-1829), AND 3. FELICIA DOROTHEA HEMAMS (1793-1835) ABSTRACT OF THE THESIS SUBMITTED FOR THE AWARD OF THE DEGREE OF Boctor of ^fittofiiopt)? IN ENGLISH BY SABIR AHMED UNDER THE SUPERVISION OF PROFESSOR ABDUR RAHEEM KIDWAI DEPARTMENT OF ENGUSH AUGARH MUSLIM UNIVERSITY AUGARH-202 002 (INDIA) 2013 ABSTRACT This study attempts to explore the idea of cross-cultural encounter in the poetry of British Romantic women poets, namely, Emma Roberts, Anna Maria Jones and Felicia Dorothea Hemans. The thesis is divided into seven chapters, including Introduction and Conclusion. Although the thesis is concerned mainly with the British Romantic women poets and their poetry, the first chapter "British Romantic Poetry and the Orient: An Introduction" outlines the influential British Romantic poets who display Oriental content and context in their poetry. The chapter deals with the poems ol' William Wordsworth, Samuel Taylor Coleridge, Robert Southey, Thomas Moore, George Gordon Byron, Percy Bysshe Shelley and John Keats. The chapter attempts at establishing the relationship between the British Romantic poetry and the Orient. The second chapter "British Romantic Women Poets: An Overview" presents biographical account of the following British Romantic women poets - Anna Seward, Anna Laetitia Barbauld, Hanna More, Susanna Blamire, Anna Maria Jones, (Charlotte Smith, Aim Yearsley, Mary Robinson, Helen Maria Williams, Joanna Baillic, Maria Edgeworth, Amelia Opie, Mary Tighe, Felicia Dorothea Hemans, Emma Roberts, Maria Jane Jewsbury, Letitia Elezabeth Landon and Caroline Norton. The third chapter "British Romantic Women Poets and the Orient" examines the Oriental poems by British Romantic women poets, namely Emma Roberts, Anna Maria Jones and Felicia Dorothea Hemans. The chapter highlights manifold interests of these women poets in the Orient, especially in India. The fourth chapter "Oriental Diction in the Poems of Emma Roberts, Anna Maria Jones and Felicia Dorothea Hemans" provides a compendium of Oriental diction used by Roberts, Jones and Hemans. The chapter traces the origin of each Oriental word as referred to by these women poets. The chapter also looks into the accuracy and functional value of the Oriental diction. The fifth chapter "Oriental Elements in the Poems of Emma Roberts, Anna Maria Jones and Felicia Dorothea Hemans" studies the Oriental elements in the poems of Roberts, Jones and Hemans. The chapter attempts to arrange the Oriental elements into various categories in order to underscore their comments about the Orient. The sixth chapter "Image of the Orient in Emma Roberts's Prose Writings" takes up Roberts's prose writings, particularly the first volume of Scenes and Characteristics of Hindostan, with Sketches of Anglo-Indian Society (1837). Her observations, impressions, and experiences which she had during her decade long stay in the British hidia are studied. Conclusion contains concluding remarks on the image of the Orient in the works of these poets. The thesis contains appendices, followed by Bibliography. CROSS-CULTURAL ENCOUNTER IN THE POETRY OF BRITISH ROMANTIC WOMEN POETS, WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO 1. EMMA ROBERTS (1794-1840), 2. ANNA MARIA JONES (1749-1829), AND 3. FELICIA DOROTHEA HEMAMS (1793-1835) S > ,'^ .^JX ^ THESIS SUBMITTED FOR THE AWARD OF THE DEGREE OF Boetor of $fitlQSiopt)p ENGLISH '" '"-y // BY SABIR AHMED UNDER THE SUPERVISION OF PROFESSOR ABDUR RAHEEM KIDWAI DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH THE^^' AUGARH MUSLIM UNIVERSITY ALIGARH-202 002 (INDIA) 2013 2 s 3c: ::i4 T8729 F ^ Mnr^Ai^^jfts s& (professor Jiddur (Rafieem tiufwai (professor (Bd. (D (Leicester, V%) (Department of^EnflLisfi Mv. Cert. "PETL (Aston, V%) JlCigarh 9/liisCm Vnicersity (Pd. (D (ACigarh, Imfia) Migarh - 202002 {t(p) ^f^o. CDate: S/.^/M. • Certifitate This is to certify that Mr. Sabir Ahmed carried out his Ph.D on the topic Cross - Cultural Encounter in the Poetry of British Romantic Women Poets, With Special Reference to 1. Emma Roberts (1794 - 1840), 2, Anna Maria Jones (1749 -1829), and 3. Felicia Dorothea Hemans (1793 -1835) imder my supervision. His thesis is the outcome of his own sustained labour and does not form part of any other thesis on the basis of which a degree or award was conferred on an earlier occasion on this or any other candidate. To the best of my knowledge, the thesis is his original work which, in my opinion, is worthy of submission for the award of Doctor of Philosophy in English. 1 Professor Abdur Raheem Kidwai (Supervisor) TABLE OF CONTETNTS CONTENT Page No. PREFACE I-II ACKNOWLEDGEMENT III-IV CHAPTER I British Romantic Poetry and the Orient: An 1-37 Introduction CHAPTER II British Romantic Women Poets: An 38-74 Overview CHAPTER HI British Romantic Women Poets and the 75-102 Orient CHAPTER IV Oriental Diction in the Poems of Emma 103-129 Roberts, Anna Maria Jones and Felicia Dorothea Hemans CHAPTER V Oriental Elements in the Poems of Emma 130-155 Roberts, Anna Maria Jones and Felicia Dorothea Hemans Image of the Orient in Emma Roberts's CHAPTER VI 56-182 Prose Writings CHAPTER VII Conclusion 83-187 APPENDICES A: Emma Roberts's Oriental Poems 88-233 B: Anna Maria Jones's Oriental Poem L 34-236 C: Felicia Dorothea Hemans's Oriental 237-247 Poems BIBLIOGRAPHY 248-255 Preface I remember that while I was doing M.A (2007-2009) in EngHsh at AUgarh MusHm University, Aligarh, India, I was struck by the British Romantic poets whose works represented the Orient in terms of its people, cultures, customs, beliefs and traditions. At that juncture, I made up mind to carry out my research on British Romantic poetry. It is my privilege to mention that while I went to my supervisor, Abdur Raheem Kidwai (Professor at the Department of English, Aligarh Muslim University, India, and Visiting Professor at the Department of English, University of Leicester) for the selection of my Ph.D topic, I felt extremely delighted by his sage advice, and the topic: Cross-Cultural Encounter in the poetry of British Romantic Women Poets, with special reference to Emma Roberts (1794-1840), Anna Maria Jones (1749-1829), and Felicia Dorothea Hemans (1793-1835) which I opted for my research work. In the present study, I primarily made assessments on the biographical account of both the male and female poets of the British Romantic era. I attempted to explore the manifold interests of these Romantic poets in the Orient. 1 tried to justify how much these poets were able to access the Oriental diction, characters, landscapes, cultures, social and religious aspects, etc. in the course of their poetry. In addition, 1 made a draft on Emma Roberts's prose writings to display her impressions and perceptions on the Orient. It is important to note that my supervisor has thoroughly scrutinized this work, and hence he deserves special thanks. To the best of my knowledge, this work has drawn several approaches to represent the Oriental perspectives in the works of British Romantic poets, and will be an important asset to the students of English Uterature in general and of British Romantic poetry in particular. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT In the Name of Allah, the Compassionate, the Mercifial, I acknowledge that I could not have completed my Ph.D thesis without the gracious presence ot those individuals who, in one way or another, supported my research work and extended their generous help and hospitality in the preparation of my thesis. It is my pleasure to record their contribution as follows: I owe much to my supervisor, Professor Abdur Raheem Kidwai, without whose guidance, support and infomiative suggestions my thesis could not ha\ c seen the light of day. The way he provided me with research materials and patiently corrected my writing added a pure blessing to my soul inspiration. I am gratefiil to Professor S.N. Zeba and Professor Asif Shuja, former and present Chairman respectively, Department of English, Aligarh Muslim University, who were always willing to help me by affording all possible Department facilities. 1 would also thank all other faculty members of the Department of English of the same institution who supported my research work and extended their generous attitude to me all along. I need to express my deep appreciation of Professor M.J. Franklin, S\\ ansea University, UK, who helped me by sending material on Anna Maria Jones through electronic mail. Words fail me to thank Gordon Campbell, Professor of Renaissance Studies, Leicester University, UK, who visited A.M.U. twice for delivering lectures in 2010 and 2013 respectively. I had personal chat with him on my research work and he gave me some invaluable suggestions which 1 followed later in my thesis writing. IV Special attention goes to my parents, Mr. Sirajul Islam and Mrs. Jainab Bibi who kept my spirits up whenever I felt upset with my research work. They have been a source of my driving force and inspiration. I must express my thanks to my younger brothers and only sister, Reshma who encouraged and supported me in ever> step of my research work. My heartfelt appreciation goes to my cherished wife, Mousumi who always made the best endeavours to reduce my relentless pressure with her precious lov e and care, and motivated me to carry out my research as soon as possible. Her presence appeared to be a constant source of my energy and inspiration. I wish to thank my close friends, colleagues and other acquaintances whose friendship, support and hospitality entertained me in the journey of my research work. Last not the least, I would like to add that Mr. Khan Parvez Rafi, Seminar Library Incharge, Department of English, A.M.U, Mr. Ziaul Hasan, Office Incharge, UGC Academic Staff College, A.M.U, and Dr.
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