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Studies in the Linguistic Sciences p. The person charging this material is re- sponsible for its return to the library from which It was withdrawn on or before the Latest Date stamped below. Theft, mutilation, and underlining of books are reasons for distiplinary action and may result in dismissal from the University. To renew call Telephone Center, 333-8400 UNIVERSITY OF ILIINOIS LIBRARY AT URBANA-CHAMPAIGN 'Tt^'.iJ^NG t>«S€ <>M('> JAM 3 iMAn i M 300 DEC 4 im MAH lb issa JUL 18 198i OCT 1 6 '.^^ .MAR : mo OCT 30 B?^ SEP < 1 1991 W, Horii •f^mfem STUDIES IN THE LINGUISTIC SCIENCES PAPERS IN GENERAL LINGUISTICS JERRY L. MORGAN Prcliminurifs to the Rccoiislruciioii of Verbal Endings ill Yiik 1 LEE A. BECKER On the Representation oj Contour Tones in Generative Phonology 8 PAIRAT WARIE Some Aspects oJ Code-Mixing in Thai 21 RICHARD NEIL HALPERN Notes on the Origin ql Qiianlijier Floating 41 WILLIAM D. WALLACE How Registers Register. A Study in the Language of News and Sports 46 RICHARD NEIL HALPERN A Note on -Seem' 79 HABIBULLAH TEGEY The Relevance of Morphological Structure and of Stress to Clitic Placement Rule-1 in Pashto 88 PETER COLE A Matter of Scope: McCawley Versus Postal on the Origin of Noun Phrases 117 E. RIDDLE, G. SHEINTUCH, AND Y. ZIV Pseudo-Passivization: On the Role ol Pragmatics in Determining Rule Unity 147 GEORGE M. GREEN Do Inversions in English Change Grammatical Relations? 157 )EPARTMENT OF LINGUISTICS ^^^ UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT URBANA, ILLINOIS 61801 STUDIES IN THE LINGUISTIC SCIENCES PUBLICATION OF THE DEPARTMENT OF LINGUISTICS UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT URBANA-CHAMPAIGN EDITORS CHARLES W. KISSEBERTH BRAJ B. KACHRU. JERRY MORGAN. LADISLAV ZGUSTA EDITORIAL BOARD Eyamba G. Bokamba. Chin-chuan Cheng, Peter Cole, Georgia M. Green, Hans Henrich Hock, Yamuna Kachru, Henry Kahane, Michael J. Kenstowicz, Chin-W. Kim, and Howard Maclay. AIM: SLS is intended as a forum for the presentation in prepublication form, of the latest original research by the faculty and especially the students of the Department of Linguistics, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign. SPECIAL ISSUES: Since its inception SLS has been devoting one issue each year to restricted, specialized topics. A complete list of such special issues is given on the back cover. The following special issues are under preparation: Fall 1977: Studies in Far Eastern Linguistics, edited by Chin-chuan Cheng and Chin-W. Kim; Fall 1978: Studies in Language Variation: Nonwestern Case Studies, edited by Braj B. Kachru. BOOKS FOR REVIEW: Review copies of books (in duplicate) may be sent to: Ladislav Zgusta, Review Editor, Studies in the Linguistic Sciences, Department of Lin- guistics, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois, 61801. SUBSCRIPTION: There will be two issues during the academic year. Requests for subscriptions should be addressed to SLS Subscriptions, Department of Linguistics, 4088 Foreign Languages Building, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois, 61801. Price: $3.50 (per issue) STUDIES m THE LINGUISTIC SCIENCES EDITORS CHARLES W. KISSEBERTH BRAJ B. KACHRU, JERRY MORGAN, LADISLAV ZGUSTA EDITORIAL BOARD Eyamba G. Bokamba, Chin-chuan Cheng, Peter Cole, Georgia M. Green, Hans Henrick Hock, Yamuna Kachru, Kenry Kahane, Michael J. Kenstowicz, Chin-W. Kim, and Howard Maclay. VOLUME 7, NUMBER 1 SPRING, 1977 EPARTMENT OF LINGUISTICS, UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS URBANA. ILLINOIS 61801 TABLE OF CONTENTS J.L. Morgan: Preliminaries to the Reconstruction of Verbal Endings in Yuk 1 Lee A. Becker: On the Representation of Contour Tones in Generative Phonology Pairat Warie: Some Aspects of Code-Mixing in Thai 21 Richard Neil Halpem: Notes on the Origin of Quantifier Floating 41 IVilliam D, Wallace: How Registers Register: A Study in the Language of News and Sports 46 Richard Neil Halpern: A Note on "Seem" 79 Habibullah Tegey: The Relevance of Morphological Structure and of Stress to Clitic Placc-ncnt P.ulc-I in Pashto Peter Cole: A Matter of Scope: McCawley Versus Postal on the Origin of Noun Phrases 117 E. Riddle, G. Sheintuch, and Y. Ziv: Pseudo-Passivization: On the Role of Pragmatics in Determining Rule Unity .... 147 Georgia M. Green: Do Inversions in English Change Grammatical Relations? 157 . Studies in the Linguistic Sciences Volume 7, Nutober 1, Spring 1977 PRELIMINARIES TO THE RECONSTRUCTION OF VERBAL ENDINGS IN YUK* J. L. Morgan 1. Introduction . This note is concerned with the reconstruction of the morphology of the verbal affixes of the Yuk dialect of Yupik Eskimo. Data and some generalizations are drawn from Koo (1975), and from discussions with Professor Koo, who is nonetheless to be absolved of complicity in any errors herein. The results here are preliminary and tentative, a first attempt at understanding the quite complicated verb paradigms of Yuk. In particular, no claim is intended about the synchronic reality of the forms presented here; insofar as any of the analysis is correct it may reflect just history, though I think at least a couple of the rules discussed— those needed to account for the te*n, t«^, and k~x alternations, for example— can be established synchronically on grounds independent of the verbal endings. This paper takes up only the indicative verb forms, and the reader will also notice that only the gross outlines of the rule environments have been worked out, and the interactions of the rules have not been explored. These lacunae will be repaired in future work. I will present first a morphological schema for verb endings, then some of the rules necessary to account for the phonological alternations. Finally I will present the verbal paradigms together with their reconstructed forms 2. The morphological structure of the reconstructed verbal endings . The morphology of the Eskimo verb is very complex. The verb consists of a stem (verbal or de-nominal) followed by (potentially) a number of deriv- ational and inflectional affixes. Word-final position in the indicative mood is occupied by a set of affixes marking the person (1, 2, 3)1 and number (singular, dual, plural) or the subject (intransitives) or of the subject and object (transitives) .2 These subject/object endings generally consist of pairs of markings, the first member marking the person of the subject/object, the second marking the number. 3 In the transitive verb, object markings precede subject markings when the object is third person; btherwise subject markings precede those for objects. Number markings throughout are: singular, 0; dual, -k-; plural, -t-. Person markings are tlot nearly so simple, and are represented in charts to follow. The reconstructed morphological structure of the verbal endings, including order of morphemes, is summarized in the following charts.^ I. Intransitive. SUBJECT PERSON AFFIX . , II . Transitive . A. Third person object . ^ ^l, SUBJECT -AKFIXES OgJECT' AFFIXES ,,; . .i- ..,, v. '. ,' ". '& Watiber •Fet'gon'(3p) & ,Itui[iber. ^! Pejspn • ., , . /vrhan sub- \ fs sg.J, (jett Ts 3p/ id -k- ri-i /when .siri)T \ *• .|.,j€0t, lS:.< \ • \ non-3p ' B . Tirst or second person object . ,..-,- SUBJECT AFFIXES ._,&. •. .. OBJECT AFFIXES . ' *• <•; .J' — .. : ^ . '• .'. — : ' —r-m , -I'hjnibe-r ' Person & ^tumb6r , , . Person ... ^ Ip -m- sg 9 du -k- ' Pldu/pl;^v+te- .rtg/dq ,-0 . pl-?-t- 3? pla :'«5.^ ' fo,r *3p.pl'- is iised wheA the object is singular j, 3ppJ^. duf^/pJLural. 2. Some phoftolOB^cal rules necessary to acccvint for aJteynaitions . At lea^t -the folldwlilg rules must ,lie posited to accoqnt for the surface forms of the verbal endings (for nmempnic .p^urposes , I ; .„- ,, ,. number tW Yules According tt/ tHe'a'ffecteci^ segment): el: <k}n .1 + e + 2 '" e2: M„]# -^1 + e + 2:+ 3 "3 ' »•: u ,1 + e + 2< kl: (k tl: k tl: te + t >ci tla! te -^ ce /_ t2: te >n / t3: ->0 / i) vl: -^f /- (voiceless segmeng ?. The paradigms . Here are listed, underlined, the surface forms of the verbal endings. Under each form is its reconstruction: under the reconstruction is a specification of the rules that apply in derivinp the surface form. In some cases the reconstructed form is not what is predicted hy the morpholopical schemata plven above. In Buch cases the expected form is specified, parenthe- sized and asterisked, next to the reconstructed form. The number of these discrepancies serves to underline the incompleteness of the analysis. A. Intransitive. Transitive . 1. Third person oblect. OBJECT SINGULAR DUAL PLURAL s u )) 2. Second person obiftct. OfejECT SINGULAR DWL PLiniAT, -mken -mtek -mci sg m+k+te+0 (ni+0+te+0) in+0+te+k m#+te+t t2, el none tl -mexcx Ip du m+k+t+te (m+k+te+O) m+k+te+t t2, el, e3, kl e3, kl, tl -mtexen -mcetek pi m+t+k+te (-m+t+te+fl) inJ-t e-^t e-»-k. ( •' m+t+t e+k ) m+t e-»-t e-*-t C •-tr+t+t e+t e3, kl, el, t2 tl, tla tl, tla -ten -tek -ci S sp (i)+0+t+te('0+0+te+0) 0+0+te+k 0+fl+te+t U t2, el none tl -xten -xtek 3p du 0+k+t+te(-0+k+te+0) 0+1 -+t e+k 0+k+te-^t t2, el, kl kl kl, tl -txen icetek -icecl^ pi 0+t+k+te('0+t+te+0) 1+te+te+k ( ••1+t+te+k ) 1+te+te+t ( - i +t+te+t kl, t2, el tl tl 3. First person ohiect. OBJFCT SINGULAR DUAL PLURAL -vqa ^fkuk -fkut sp v+0+0+i5a+0 v-*-0+0+ku+k v+0+0+ku+t none vl vl -ftegna -ftexkuk -ftexkut 2p du v+te+k+na+0 v+te+k+ku-i-T- v+te+k+ku+t ''2 vl, kl vl, kl -fcla -fclkuk -fclkut pi v-»-te+t+a+0(-'v+te+t+i)a+0) vJ-te+t+'u+k v+te+t+ku+t vl, tl • vl, tl vl, t] 3.
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