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Downloaded from Google Play Funded by: ECONOMIC COOPERATION ORGANIZATION Prepared by: INSTITUTE for SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH on ECONOMIC REFORMS Ministry of Economy of the Republic of Azerbaijan Project Team Members Vilayat VALIYEV, prof., dr. Uygun AKSOY, prof., dr. Gulay BEŞİRLİ, dr. Hezi EYNALOV, Ph.D. Aynura ISMAYILOVA Aral DAVUDOV Aygun ISAYEVA Konul HUSEYNOVA Wakil Ahmad SARHADI, dr. Mohammadreza REZAPANAH, dr. Iskenderbek AIDARALIEV Manzoor Hussain SOOMRO, prof., dr. Mirzokhid YULDOSHEV Contact address Institute for Scientific Research Economic Reforms (ISRER) 88a, Hasan Bey Zardabi Avenue, AZ1011, Baku city, Republic of Azerbaijan Tel./Fax: +99412 4300215, Email: [email protected] Website: www.ier.az Copyright © ISRER, 2016 Ön Söz Əziz oxucular, hörmәtli hәmkarlar, gәnc tәdqiqatçılar! Dünya iqtisadiyyatının müasir inkişaf meyillәrinin iqtisadiyyatın “yaşıllaşdırılması” niyyәtlәri, istәr qlobal, istәrsә dә regional mәhdudiyyәtlәr, tәbii resurların çatışmazlığı vә onların uzun müddәtli istifadәsinә nail olunması, tәbiәtin qorunması ölkәlәrin nail olmaq istәdiklәri iqtisadi-sosial hәdәflәr sırasındadır. Bunun içәrisindә bioloji müxtәliflik, torpağın bioloji aktivliyi vә bioloji dövrü ekoloji tәmiz kәnd tәssәrrüfatı daxil olmaqla istehsalının idarәolunması vahid bir sistemi xarakterizә edir. Bu sistem kәnd tәsәrrüfatında regionun xüsusiyyәtlәri nәzәrә alınmaqla, xarici resurslardan istifadә etmәklә yanaşı, orada idarәetmә tәcrübәlәrinә istinad edir, ona diqqәt yetirir. Milli prioritetlәrindәn asılı olaraq, ixtiyari ölkәnin bu istiqamәtdә öz yolu vә tәcrübәsi vardır vә bu tәcrübәlәrin mübadilәsi dinamik şәkildә hәrәkәt etmәyә imkan verir. Hazırda ekoloji tәmiz kәnd tәsәrrüfatı dünyanın 179 ölkәsindә inkişaf edir v onunla 2 milyon istehsalçı mәşğuldur. Qәrbi Avropa vә Şimali Amerikanın liderlik etdiyi bu istiqamәt tәcrübәdә ciddi qanunvericiliklә tәnzimlәnir. 89 ölkәnin ekoloji tәmiz kәnd tәsәrrüfatı istehsalını vә dövriyyәsini tәnzimlәyәn xüsusi qanunları vardır. İqtisadi Əmәkdaşlıq Tәşkilatı (İƏT) regionunda ekoloji tәmiz kәnd tәsәrrüfatı inkişafının tәdqiqi normativ hüquqi tәnzimlәmәdә boşluqların olmasını, bunun isә ekoloji istehsalın beynәlxalq bazara çıxışının mәhdudlaşdırılması, yaxud tam iştirak imkanının mәhdudlaşdırıldığı, elәcә dә ölkәlәrin öz daxili bazarlarında mәhsul istehsalçılarının normativlәrә uyğun olmayan “organic”, “ekoloji”, “bioloji” vә s. markalardan istifadә etdiklәri müşahidә edilir. Belә qәnaәtә gәlirik ki, mövzunun böyük ekoloji potensiala malik İƏT regionu üçün xüsusi әhәmiyyәtini nәzәrә alaraq, regional iqtisadi maraqların tәmin edilmәsi mәqsәdilә qanunvericilik bazasının güclәndirilmәsi istiqamәtindә işlәrin davam etdirilmәsi qaçılmaz zәrurәtdir. Qanunvericilik bazasının möhkәmlәndirilmәsi “ekoloji tәmiz mәhsul”, “ekoloji tәmiz mәhsul istehsalçısı”, “ekoloji tәmiz mәhsul istehsalı” kimi anlayışların müәyyәn olunmasına, ekoloji tәmiz kәnd tәsәrrüfatı mәhsullarının istehsalında prinsiplәrin qorunmasına, sertifikatlaşdırma, akreditasiya mәsәlәlәrinin hәlli ilә yanaşı, ekoloji tәmiz kәnd tәsәrrüfatı istehsalçılarının vahid reyestrinin yaradılması mәsәlәlәrinә aktuallıq qazandıracaqdır, bu isә layiqli mәşğulluğun, dayanıqlı gәlirlәrin әldә edilmәsinә imkan verir. Böyük mәmnuniyyәtlә, İqtisadi Əmәkdaşlıq Tәşkilatı (İƏT) vә Azәrbaycan Respublikası İqtisadiyyat Nazirliyinin İqtisadi İslahatlar Elmi Tәdqiqat İnstitutunun birgә әmәkdaşlığı sayәsindә әrsәyә gәlәn “İqtisadi Əmәkdaşlıq Tәşkilatı üzv ölkәlәrindә ekoloji tәmiz kәnd tәsәrrüfatının inkişaf etdirilmәsi sahәsindә tәcrübә mübadilәsi vә qurumlararası әmәkdaşlığın güclәndirilmәsi” mövzusunda tәdqiqatı Sizә tәqdim edirik. Bu işdә uzun illәrdir İqtisadi İslahatlar ETİ ilә sәmәrәli vә fәal әmәkdaşlıq edәn, hәm ölkәmizdә ekoloji tәmiz kәnd tәsәrrüfatına dair ilk tәdqiqatların aparılmasındakı elmi әlaqәlәrin, hәm dә digәr ölkәlәrlә әlaqәlәrin qurulmasında dәstәyinә görә Prof. Uyğun Aksoya vә elәcә dә digәr hәmkarlarımıza tәşәkkür edir, gәlәcәk işlәrindә uğurlar arzulayıram. Vilayәt VƏLİYEV, prof., i.e.d. Layihә qrupunun rәhbәri (Azәrbaycan Respublikası) İƏT-İİETİ birgә әmәkdaşlığı, “İƏT regionunda “Ekoloji Tәmiz Kәnd Tәsәrrüfatı”” Foreword Dear readers, dear colleagues, young researchers! Tendencies of modernization of the world economy refer to economic and social goals by "greening" the economy, which are achieved by countries to prevent global and regional constraints, the lack of natural resources and their long-term use, as well as to protect nature. Biological diversity, biological activity of soils and the biological cycle, including ecologically clean agriculture, characterize a unified production management system. This system, taking into account the peculiarities of the region in agriculture, uses not only external resources, but also focuses on management practices in agriculture. Depending on national priorities, every country has its own path and experience in this area and this exchange of experience allows it to move dynamically. At present, 179 countries of the world are developing ecologically clean agriculture, in which participate more than 2 million producers. This aspect of Western Europe and North America in practice is regulated by strict legislation. In 89 countries there are special laws governing the production and turnover of organic farming. The study of environmentally justified agricultural development in the Economic Cooperation Organization (ECO) shows that there are gaps in the regulatory framework leading to the restriction of access to international markets or to a complete restriction of participation, as well as the inconsistent use of brand names in the domestic market, "ecological," "biological," and etc. We concluded that, taking into account the special importance of the topic for the ECO region, which has great ecological potential, it is inevitable to continue work on strengthening the legislative base to ensure regional economic interests. Strengthening the legislative framework is to define such concepts as "ecologically clean product", "production of ecologically clean products", "producer of ecologically clean products", protection of the principles of production of ecologically clean agricultural products, certification and accreditation issues will make the necessity of creating a single register more relevant, which will ensure decent employment and sustainable income. We are pleased to present you a joint project developed by the Economic Cooperation Organization (ECO) and the Institute for Scientific Research on Economic Reforms (ISRER) under the Ministry of Economy of the Republic of Azerbaijan on "Exchange of Experience and Strengthening of Interagency Cooperation on the Development of Ecologically Clean Agriculture model in ECO Member Countries". I would like to thank Professor Uygun Aksoy and other colleagues, that worked effectively and actively cooperated for many years with the Institute for Scientific Research on Economic Reforms (ISRER) and supported scientific relations in the field of the first studies of ecologically clean agriculture in our country, as well as in establishing contacts with other countries, and wish them success in their future work. Vilayat VALIYEV, prof., dr. Head of Project (Republic of Azerbaijan) ECO-ISRER Study on “Clean Agriculture” in the ECO region Предисловие Дорогие читатели, уважаемые коллеги, молодые исследователи! Тенденции модернизации мировой экономики относятся к экономическим и социальным целям путем «озеленения» экономики, которые достигаются странами для предотвращения глобальных и региональных ограничений, отсутствия природных ресурсов и их долгосрочного использования, а также для защиты природы. Биологическое разнообразие, биологическая активность почв и биологический цикл, включая экологически чистое сельское хозяйство характеризуют единую систему управления производством. Эта система, принимая во внимание особенности региона в сельском хозяйстве, использует не только внешние ресурсы, но также фокусируется на практике управления в сельском хозяйстве. В зависимости от их национальных приоритетов произвольная страна имеет свой собственный путь и опыт в этой области, и этот обмен опытом позволяет ей двигаться динамично. В настоящее время в 179 странах мира развивается экологически чистое сельское хозяйство, в котором участвуют более 2 миллионов производителей. Этот аспект Западной Европы и Северной Америки на практике регулируется строгим законодательством. В 89 странах действуют специальные законы, регулирующие производство и оборот органического земледелия. Изучение экологически обоснованного развития сельского хозяйства в Организации Экономического Сотрудничества (ОЭС) свидетельствует о наличии пробелов в нормативно-правовом регулировании, ведущего к ограничению доступа к международным рынкам или к полному ограничению участия, а также о несоответственном использовании во внутреннем рынке фирменных наименований, таких как, «экологический», «биологический» и т. д. Мы пришли к выводу, что, принимая во внимание особую важность темы для региона ОЭС, владеющим большим экологическим потенциалом, неизбежно продолжение работы по укреплению законодательной базы для обеспечения региональных экономических интересов. Укрепление законодательной базы заключается в определении таких понятий, как «экологически чистый продукт», «производство экологически чистых продуктов», «производитель экологически чистого продукта», защита принципов производства экологически чистых сельскохозяйственных продуктов, вопросы сертификации и аккредитации сделает вопрос о создании единого реестра более актуальным,
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