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Bat Conservation 2021
Bat Conservation Global evidence for the effects of interventions 2021 Edition Anna Berthinussen, Olivia C. Richardson & John D. Altringham Conservation Evidence Series Synopses 2 © 2021 William J. Sutherland This document should be cited as: Berthinussen, A., Richardson O.C. and Altringham J.D. (2021) Bat Conservation: Global Evidence for the Effects of Interventions. Conservation Evidence Series Synopses. University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK. Cover image: Leucistic lesser horseshoe bat Rhinolophus hipposideros hibernating in a former water mill, Wales, UK. Credit: Thomas Kitching Digital material and resources associated with this synopsis are available at https://www.conservationevidence.com/ 3 Contents Advisory Board.................................................................................... 11 About the authors ............................................................................... 12 Acknowledgements ............................................................................. 13 1. About this book ........................................................... 14 1.1 The Conservation Evidence project ................................................................................. 14 1.2 The purpose of Conservation Evidence synopses ............................................................ 14 1.3 Who this synopsis is for ................................................................................................... 15 1.4 Background ..................................................................................................................... -
A Survey of the Bat Fauna
__________________________________________________________________________________ Assessment of risk to Large Forest Bat on Lord Howe Isand from proposed wind turbines. An assessment of the risk to the Large Forest Bat Vespadelus darlingtoni from proposed wind turbines on Lord Howe Island, New South Wales. A report to Lord Howe Island Board G.A. Hoye Fly By Night Bat Surveys Pty Ltd ABN 48 068 562 005 PO Box 271 BELMONT NSW 2280 Tel 4947 7794 Fax 4947 7537 January 2016 January 2016 Fly By Night Bat Surveys Pty Ltd __________________________________________________________________________________ 1 __________________________________________________________________________________ Assessment of risk to Large Forest Bat on Lord Howe Isand from proposed wind turbines. 1 INTRODUCTION Fly By Night Bat Surveys PL was requested by the Lord Howe Island Board to assess potential impacts to the Large Forest Bat from two proposed wind turbines to be sited in pasture on the southern flank of Transit Hill. This species is currently the only native mammal known to breed on the island. Previous survey has confirmed the presence of this species in the lower elevated parts of the island including the area where the two turbines are proposed (Fly By Night Bat Surveys 2010). A population of approximately 500 breeding females exists north of the airstrip, with a second smaller population centred around Mount Gower and Mount Lidgebird (Fly By Night Bat Surveys 2010-2014). Significant mortality of microchiropteran bats has occurred at utility wind farms in North America and Europe (eg Kunz 2007b). In eastern North America mortality from turbine strike along forested ridge tops varies from 15.3 to 41.1 bats per megawatt (MW) of installed capacity per year Kunz (2007b). -
Corynorhinus Townsendii): a Technical Conservation Assessment
Townsend’s Big-eared Bat (Corynorhinus townsendii): A Technical Conservation Assessment Prepared for the USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Region, Species Conservation Project October 25, 2006 Jeffery C. Gruver1 and Douglas A. Keinath2 with life cycle model by Dave McDonald3 and Takeshi Ise3 1Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada 2Wyoming Natural Diversity Database, Old Biochemistry Bldg, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82070 3Department of Zoology and Physiology, University of Wyoming, P.O. Box 3166, Laramie, WY 82071 Peer Review Administered by Society for Conservation Biology Gruver, J.C. and D.A. Keinath (2006, October 25). Townsend’s Big-eared Bat (Corynorhinus townsendii): a technical conservation assessment. [Online]. USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Region. Available: http:// www.fs.fed.us/r2/projects/scp/assessments/townsendsbigearedbat.pdf [date of access]. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The authors would like to acknowledge the modeling expertise of Dr. Dave McDonald and Takeshi Ise, who constructed the life-cycle analysis. Additional thanks are extended to the staff of the Wyoming Natural Diversity Database for technical assistance with GIS and general support. Finally, we extend sincere thanks to Gary Patton for his editorial guidance and patience. AUTHORS’ BIOGRAPHIES Jeff Gruver, formerly with the Wyoming Natural Diversity Database, is currently a Ph.D. candidate in the Biological Sciences program at the University of Calgary where he is investigating the physiological ecology of bats in northern arid climates. He has been involved in bat research for over 8 years in the Pacific Northwest, the Rocky Mountains, and the Badlands of southern Alberta. He earned a B.S. in Economics (1993) from Penn State University and an M.S. -
Species Assessment for Little Brown Myotis
Species Status Assessment Class: Mammalia Family: Vespertilionidae Scientific Name: Myotis lucifugus Common Name: Little brown myotis Species synopsis: The little brown myotis (Myotis lucifugus), formerly called the “little brown bat,” has long been considered one of the most common and widespread bat species in North America. Its distribution spans from the southern limits of boreal forest habitat in southern Alaska and the southern half of Canada throughout most of the contiguous United States, excluding the southern Great Plains and the southeast area of California. In the southwestern part of the historic range, a formerly considered subspecies identified as Myotis lucifugus occultus, is now considered a distinct species, Myotis occultus (Piaggio et al. 2002, Wilson and Reeder 2005). Available literature indicates that the northeastern U.S. constitutes the core range for this species, and that population substantially decreases both southward and westward from that core range (Davis et al. 1965, Humphrey and Cope 1970). New York was the first state affected by white-nose syndrome (WNS), a disease characterized by the presence of an unusual fungal infection and aberrant behavior in hibernating bats. The pre-WNS population was viable and did not face imminent risk of extinction. However, a once stable outlook quickly reversed with the appearance of WNS in 2006, which dramatically altered the population balance and has substantially impaired the ability of the species to adapt to other cumulative threats against a rapidly declining baseline. In January 2012, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) biologists estimated that at least 5.7 million to 6.7 million bats had died from WNS (USFWS 2012). -
Final Environmental Impact Statement
Appendix M Biological Assessment BIOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT FOR PROJECT ICEBREAKER Lake Erie and City of Cleveland Cuyahoga County, Ohio TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS .................................................................................................................... ii TABLES ............................................................................................................................................ iv FIGURES .......................................................................................................................................... iv COMMONLY USED ACRONYMS and ABBREVIATIONS ............................................................... v 1.0 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 PURPOSE OF THE BIOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT ................................................................ 1 1.2 PROPOSED ACTION .............................................................................................................. 2 1.2.1 Federal Action .................................................................................................................... 2 1.2.2 LEEDCo’s Action ............................................................................................................... 2 2.0 PROJECT DESCRIPTION .................................................................................................................................... 3 2.1 DESCRIPTION OF MAJOR -
Index of Handbook of the Mammals of the World. Vol. 9. Bats
Index of Handbook of the Mammals of the World. Vol. 9. Bats A agnella, Kerivoula 901 Anchieta’s Bat 814 aquilus, Glischropus 763 Aba Leaf-nosed Bat 247 aladdin, Pipistrellus pipistrellus 771 Anchieta’s Broad-faced Fruit Bat 94 aquilus, Platyrrhinus 567 Aba Roundleaf Bat 247 alascensis, Myotis lucifugus 927 Anchieta’s Pipistrelle 814 Arabian Barbastelle 861 abae, Hipposideros 247 alaschanicus, Hypsugo 810 anchietae, Plerotes 94 Arabian Horseshoe Bat 296 abae, Rhinolophus fumigatus 290 Alashanian Pipistrelle 810 ancricola, Myotis 957 Arabian Mouse-tailed Bat 164, 170, 176 abbotti, Myotis hasseltii 970 alba, Ectophylla 466, 480, 569 Andaman Horseshoe Bat 314 Arabian Pipistrelle 810 abditum, Megaderma spasma 191 albatus, Myopterus daubentonii 663 Andaman Intermediate Horseshoe Arabian Trident Bat 229 Abo Bat 725, 832 Alberico’s Broad-nosed Bat 565 Bat 321 Arabian Trident Leaf-nosed Bat 229 Abo Butterfly Bat 725, 832 albericoi, Platyrrhinus 565 andamanensis, Rhinolophus 321 arabica, Asellia 229 abramus, Pipistrellus 777 albescens, Myotis 940 Andean Fruit Bat 547 arabicus, Hypsugo 810 abrasus, Cynomops 604, 640 albicollis, Megaerops 64 Andersen’s Bare-backed Fruit Bat 109 arabicus, Rousettus aegyptiacus 87 Abruzzi’s Wrinkle-lipped Bat 645 albipinnis, Taphozous longimanus 353 Andersen’s Flying Fox 158 arabium, Rhinopoma cystops 176 Abyssinian Horseshoe Bat 290 albiventer, Nyctimene 36, 118 Andersen’s Fruit-eating Bat 578 Arafura Large-footed Bat 969 Acerodon albiventris, Noctilio 405, 411 Andersen’s Leaf-nosed Bat 254 Arata Yellow-shouldered Bat 543 Sulawesi 134 albofuscus, Scotoecus 762 Andersen’s Little Fruit-eating Bat 578 Arata-Thomas Yellow-shouldered Talaud 134 alboguttata, Glauconycteris 833 Andersen’s Naked-backed Fruit Bat 109 Bat 543 Acerodon 134 albus, Diclidurus 339, 367 Andersen’s Roundleaf Bat 254 aratathomasi, Sturnira 543 Acerodon mackloti (see A. -
Nest Boxes: Creating Homes for Urban Wildlife
Nest Boxes: Creating homes for urban wildlife Importance of Hollows Australia is home to over 350 species of land animals that depend on the hollows that form in old growth eucalyptus trees for shelter or reproduction. Hollows are formed through loss of limb, insect activity (like termites), decay and weathering. Suitable hollows taken a minimum of 80- 100 years and for larger animals it could be 150-250 years for a suitable hollow to form. Some of the many animals in Australia that rely on tree hollows include parrots, owls, kingfishers, ducks, possums, gliders, micro bats and even many reptiles, frogs and invertebrates. Within urban areas hollow bearing trees are found on public land (national parks, water ways, beach foreshore and streets) and on private land (front and back yards). Many hollow dependent species are in decline due to the widespread loss of hollow bearing trees. In urban areas hollows are removed for urban development (new houses, roads and factories) and for public safety reasons. Even if these trees are replanted, up to 100 years or more may pass before they begin to form hollows suitable for use by wildlife. If hollow dependent species are to continue to survive in urban and rural areas, urgent action is required to protect hollow bearing trees wherever possible. Nest boxes are needed in areas where hollows have already been lost. What are Nest Boxes? Nest boxes act as an artificial hollow that provide opportunities for hollow dependent fauna to survive in areas where their natural breeding habitat has been destroyed. Nest boxes are most useful in areas where hollows are lacking and other aspects of habitat are sufficient, such as food and water supply. -
ABLV Bat Stats June 2016
ABLV BAT STATS Australian Bat Lyssavirus Report - June 2016 Cases of ABLV infection - January to June 2016 Nine cases of Australian bat lyssavirus (ABLV) Table 1: ABLV infection in Australian bats as confirmed by infection were reported in bats in Australia between FAT, PCR, IHC and/or virus isolation^ January and June 2016, from Queensland, New South Wales and Victoria (Table 1). YEAR NSW NT QLD VIC WA SA Total Queensland 1995 0 0 1# 0 0 0 1 Two black flying-foxes (Pteropus alecto), two little red 1996 1 0 9 1 0 0 11 flying-foxes (P. scapulatus) and one spectacled flying-fox (P. conspicillatus) from Queensland were found to be 1997 7 1 27+ 0 0 0 35 infected with ABLV to June 2016. In three bats, behaviour 1998 1 0 26+ 0 0 0 27 changes and neurological signs were reported such as hanging low in a tree, agitation, being subdued and easy 1999 0 0 6 0 0 0 6 to handle, twitching, nystagmus, paresis and inability to hang. Increased respiratory rate and effort were 2000 1 0 14 0 0 0 15 additionally reported in one bat. One bat was submitted 2001 0 0 9 1 4 0 14 because a person was bitten when picking the bat up, and the other due to contact with a pet dog. 2002 4 0 10 2 1 0 17 Histopathological findings included mild to severe non- 2003 6 0 3 2 0 0 11 suppurative meningoencephalitis, ganglioneuritis, subacute aspiration pneumonia and mild sialoadenitis. In 2004 5 0 6 1 0 0 12 one bat the urinary bladder was markedly distended with 2005 6 0 5 0 0 0 11 urine and the bladder wall was haemorrhagic. -
Ecology of the Evening Bat (<I>Nycticeius Humeralis</I>) at The
Eastern Michigan University DigitalCommons@EMU Master's Theses, and Doctoral Dissertations, and Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations Graduate Capstone Projects 12-13-2008 Ecology of the evening bat (nycticeius humeralis) at the northern edge of the range Olivia Maya Munzer Follow this and additional works at: http://commons.emich.edu/theses Part of the Biology Commons Recommended Citation Munzer, Olivia Maya, "Ecology of the evening bat (nycticeius humeralis) at the northern edge of the range" (2008). Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations. 166. http://commons.emich.edu/theses/166 This Open Access Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Master's Theses, and Doctoral Dissertations, and Graduate Capstone Projects at DigitalCommons@EMU. It has been accepted for inclusion in Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@EMU. For more information, please contact [email protected]. ECOLOGY OF THE EVENING BAT (NYCTICEIUS HUMERALIS) AT THE NORTHERN EDGE OF ITS RANGE By Olivia Maya Münzer Thesis Submitted to the Department of Biology Eastern Michigan University In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE in Ecology and Organismal Biology Thesis Committee: Allen Kurta, PhD, Chair Catherine Bach, PhD Jamin Eisenbach, PhD Cara Shillington, PhD December 13, 2008 Ypsilanti, Michigan DEDICATION This thesis is dedicated to two very special men in my life—my father and Brian. Thank you for all your support. iii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I am grateful to all people who helped me through the last 3 years. First and foremost, I express my gratitude to A. -
Conservation Assessments for Five Forest Bat Species in the Eastern United States
United States Department of Agriculture Conservation Forest Service Assessments for Five General Technical Report NC-260 Technical Guide Forest Bat Species in the 2006 Eastern United States Front Cover: Illustrations by Fiona Reid, Ontario, Canada ©. Species from top: Pipistrellus subflavus, Myotis leibii, Myotis austroriparius, Myotis septentrionalis, Nycticeius humeralis. United States Department of Agriculture Conservation Forest Service Assessments for Five General Technical Report NC-260 Technical Guide Forest Bat Species in the 2006 Eastern United States Edited by Frank R. Thompson, III Thompson, Frank R., III, ed. 2006. Conservation assessments for five forest bat species in the Eastern United States. Gen. Tech. Rep. NC-260. St. Paul, MN: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, North Central Research Station. 82 p. Assesses the status, distribution, conservation, and management considerations for five Regional Forester Sensitive Species of forest bats on national forests in the Eastern United States: eastern pipistrelle, evening bat, southeastern myotis, eastern small-footed myotis, and northern long-eared bat. Includes information on the taxonomy, description, life history, habitat distribution, status, and population biology of each species. KEY WORDS: conservation status, habitat use, life history, Myotis austroriparius (southeastern myotis), Myotis leibii (eastern small-footed myotis), Myotis septentrionalis (northern long-eared bat), Pipistrellus subflavus (eastern pipistrelle), Nycticeius humeralis (evening bat), Region 9, USDA Forest Service Disclaimer The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination in all its programs and activities on the basis of race, color, national origin, age, disability, and where applicable, sex, marital status, familial status, parental status, religion, sexual orientation, genetic information, political beliefs, reprisal, or because all or part of an individual’s income is derived from any public assistance program. -
Roost Tree Selection by Maternal Colonies of Northern Long-Eared Myotis in an Intensively Managed Forest
United States Department of Roost Tree Selection by Agriculture Forest Service Maternal Colonies of Northern Northeastern Long-eared Myotis in an Research Station General Technical Intensively Managed Forest Report NE-292 Sheldon F. Owen Michael A. Menzel W. Mark Ford John W. Edwards Brian R. Chapman Karl V. Miller Petra B. Wood Abstract We attached radio transmitters to 20 pregnant or lactating northern long-eared myotis (Myotis septentrionalis) and located 43 maternity colony roost trees in intensively managed hardwood forests in the Allegheny Mountains of east-central West Virginia. Maternity colonies ranged in size from 7 to 88 individuals. We compared 23 characteristics of the 43 roosts to 43 randomly selected trees with cavities or exfoliating bark. Roost trees selected by maternity colonies differed from randomly located roost trees in that they were taller, smaller in diameter, surrounded by more live overstory trees and snags, and surrounded by a higher basal area of other snags. Black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia) and black cherry (Prunus serotina) were used as day roosts more frequently than expected based on their abundance across this landscape. Intensively managed hardwood forests in the central Appalachians apparently provide adequate roosting habitat for northern long- eared myotis. The Authors SHELDON F. OWEN and MICHAEL A. MENZEL are graduate research assistants in the Division of Forestry, West Virginia University in Morgantown. W. MARK FORD is a research wildlife biologist with the USDA Forest Service Northeastern Research Station in Parsons, West Virginia. JOHN W. EDWARDS is an assistant professor in the Division of Forestry, West Virginia University. BRIAN R. CHAPMAN is the dean of College of Arts and Sciences at Sam Houston State University in Huntsville, Texas. -
Summer Home Range Size of Female Indiana Bats (Myotis Sodalis) in Missouri, USA
Acta Chiropterologica, 15(2): 423–429, 2013 PL ISSN 1508-1109 © Museum and Institute of Zoology PAS doi: 10.3161/150811013X679044 Summer home range size of female Indiana bats (Myotis sodalis) in Missouri, USA KATHRYN M. WOMACK1, 3, SYBILL K. AMELON2, and FRANK R. THOMPSON III2 1Fisheries and Wildlife Department, 302 Natural Resource Building, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA 2Northern Research Station, U.S.D.A. Forest Service, 202 Natural Resource Building, Columbia, MO 65211, USA 3Corresponding author: E-mail: [email protected] Knowledge of space use by wildlife that are a conservation concern is critical to ensure that management and conservation provides adequate resources to ensure survival and reproductive success. We radio tracked 13 pregnant and 12 lactating Myotis sodalis (Indiana bat) during the maternity season in northern Missouri. Mean (± SE) home range area for all individuals based on the fixed kernel method for the 50% and 95% probability contours was 204.52 ± 28.87 ha and 1137.13 ± 144.06 ha, respectively. Home range size did not differ significantly (P > 0.16) between pregnant and lactating females. However, the mean home range area based on the 95% probability contour for lactating individuals (1361.00 ± 267.16 ha) was 32% larger than the area used by pregnant individuals (930.47 ± 109.59). The mean maximum distance pregnant and lactating individuals were located from the roost was 3.75 km (range: 1.89–5.13 km) and 4.85 km (range: 2.17–9.40 km), respectively. Home range size and maximum distance traveled during the maternity season were greater than previously reported for M.